diff options
| author |  Mark Griffiths <mark@thebespokepixel.com> | 2014-08-01 03:37:32 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Mark Griffiths <mark@thebespokepixel.com> | 2014-09-03 14:43:24 +0100 |
| commit | d282bc462578a6e47747c78d2d42883530f0d11e (patch) | |
| tree | a6515e908d4fc1c400cb6cebaf79b1590b005804 /doc_src | |
| parent | 1c4223889bd729ee83aa21a3450dc28f92ade641 (diff) | |
Documentation update
Rework for Doxygen >1.8. Moved large parts of the documentation to a
simplified format, making use of Markdown enhancements and fixing bad
long options.
Diffstat (limited to 'doc_src')
80 files changed, 3331 insertions, 3467 deletions
diff --git a/doc_src/alias.txt b/doc_src/alias.txt index 84288c18..cc8b7fdc 100644 --- a/doc_src/alias.txt +++ b/doc_src/alias.txt @@ -1,34 +1,34 @@ \section alias alias - create a function \subsection alias-synopsis Synopsis -<pre>alias NAME DEFINITION -alias NAME=DEFINITION</pre> +\fish{syn} +alias NAME DEFINITION +alias NAME=DEFINITION +\endfish \subsection alias-description Description -\c alias is a simple wrapper for the \c function builtin. -It exists for backwards compatibility with Posix -shells. For other uses, it is recommended to define a <a -href='#function'>function</a>. +`alias` is a simple wrapper for the `function` builtin. It exists for backwards compatibility with Posix shells. For other uses, it is recommended to define a <a href='#function'>function</a>. -\c fish does not keep track of which functions have been defined using -\c alias. They must be erased using <code>functions -e</code>. +`fish` does not keep track of which functions have been defined using `alias`. They must be erased using `functions -e`. -- NAME is the name of the alias -- DEFINITION is the actual command to execute. The string " $argv" will be appended. +- `NAME` is the name of the alias +- `DEFINITION` is the actual command to execute. The string `$argv` will be appended. You cannot create an alias to a function with the same name. \subsection alias-example Example -The following code will create \c rmi, which runs \c rm with additional -arguments on every invocation. +The following code will create `rmi`, which runs `rm` with additional arguments on every invocation. -<code>alias rmi "rm -i"</code> +\fish +alias rmi "rm -i" +\endfish This is equivalent to entering the following function: -<pre>function rmi +\fish +function rmi rm -i $argv -end</pre> - +end +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/and.txt b/doc_src/and.txt index 3eb42c19..de5bb1eb 100644 --- a/doc_src/and.txt +++ b/doc_src/and.txt @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ \section and and - conditionally execute a command \subsection and-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>COMMAND1; and COMMAND2</tt> +\fish{syn} +COMMAND1; and COMMAND2 +\endfish \subsection and-description Description -\c and is used to execute a command if the current exit +`and` is used to execute a command if the current exit status (as set by the last previous command) is 0. -\c and does not change the current exit status. +`and` does not change the current exit status. The exit status of the last foreground command to exit can always be accessed using the <a href="index.html#variables-status">$status</a> @@ -16,12 +18,12 @@ variable. \subsection and-example Example -The following code runs the \c make command to build a program. If the -build succeeds, <code>make</code>'s exit status is 0, and the program is installed. If either step fails, -the exit status is 1, and <tt>make clean</tt> is run, which removes the files created by the. +The following code runs the `make` command to build a program. If the +build succeeds, `make`'s exit status is 0, and the program is installed. If either step fails, +the exit status is 1, and `make clean` is run, which removes the files created by the. build process. -<pre> +\fish make; and make install; or make clean -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/ascii_fish.png b/doc_src/ascii_fish.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000..20151f96 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc_src/ascii_fish.png diff --git a/doc_src/begin.txt b/doc_src/begin.txt index fafe9849..aee50f5c 100644 --- a/doc_src/begin.txt +++ b/doc_src/begin.txt @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ \section begin begin - start a new block of code \subsection begin-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>begin; [COMMANDS...;] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +begin; [COMMANDS...;] end +\endfish \subsection begin-description Description -\c begin is used to create a new block of code. +`begin` is used to create a new block of code. -The block -is unconditionally executed. <code>begin; ...; end</tt> is equivalent -to <tt>if true; ...; end</tt>. +The block is unconditionally executed. `begin; ...; end` is equivalent +to `if true; ...; end`. -\c begin is used to group a number of commands into a block. +`begin` is used to group a number of commands into a block. This allows the introduction of a new variable scope, redirection of the input or output of a set of commands as a group, or to specify precedence when -using the conditional commands like \c and. +using the conditional commands like `and`. -\c begin does not change the current exit status. +`begin` does not change the current exit status. \subsection begin-example Example @@ -24,26 +25,26 @@ The following code sets a number of variables inside of a block scope. Since the variables are set inside the block and have local scope, they will be automatically deleted when the block ends. -<pre> +\fish begin - set -l PIRATE Yarrr - ... + set -l PIRATE Yarrr + ... end + +echo $PIRATE # This will not output anything, since the PIRATE variable went out # of scope at the end of the block -echo $PIRATE -</pre> +\endfish In the following code, all output is redirected to the file out.html. -<pre> +\fish begin - echo $xml_header - echo $html_header - if test -e $file - ... - end - ... - -end > out.html -</pre> + echo $xml_header + echo $html_header + if test -e $file + ... + end + ... +end > out.html +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/bg.txt b/doc_src/bg.txt index 9c8f593a..403f2e4a 100644 --- a/doc_src/bg.txt +++ b/doc_src/bg.txt @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ \section bg bg - send jobs to background \subsection bg-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>bg [PID...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +bg [PID...] +\endfish \subsection bg-description Description -\c bg sends <a href="index.html#syntax-job-control">jobs</a> to the background, resuming them if they are stopped. A background job is +`bg` sends <a href="index.html#syntax-job-control">jobs</a> to the background, resuming them if they are stopped. A background job is executed simultaneously with fish, and does not have access to the keyboard. If no job is specified, the last job to be used is put in the background. If PID is specified, the jobs with the specified process group IDs are put in the background. @@ -13,5 +15,5 @@ The PID of the desired process is usually found by using <a href="index.html#exp \subsection bg-example Example -<tt>bg \%1</tt> will put the job with job ID 1 in the background. +`bg %1` will put the job with job ID 1 in the background. diff --git a/doc_src/bind.txt b/doc_src/bind.txt index 8c7004d0..442d7e99 100644 --- a/doc_src/bind.txt +++ b/doc_src/bind.txt @@ -1,97 +1,94 @@ \section bind bind - handle fish key bindings \subsection bind-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>bind [OPTIONS] SEQUENCE COMMAND</tt> +\fish{syn} +bind [OPTIONS] SEQUENCE COMMAND +\endfish \subsection bind-description Description -<tt>bind</tt> adds a binding for the specified key sequence to the +`bind` adds a binding for the specified key sequence to the specified command. -SEQUENCE is the character sequence to bind to. These should be written as -<a href="index.html#escapes">fish escape sequences</a>. For example, because pressing -the Alt key and another character sends that character prefixed with -an escape character, Alt-based key bindings can be written using the -\c \\e escape. For example, Alt-w can be written as -<tt>\\ew</tt>. The control character can be written in much the same way -using the \c \\c escape, for example Control-x (^X) can be written as -<tt>\\cx</tt>. Note that Alt-based key bindings are case sensitive and -Control-based key bindings are not. This is a constraint of text-based -terminals, not \c fish. - -The default key binding can be set by specifying a SEQUENCE of the empty -string (that is, <code>''</code>). It will be used whenever no -other binding matches. For most key bindings, it makes sense to use -the \c self-insert function (i.e. <tt>bind '' self-insert</tt> as the -default keybinding. This will insert any keystrokes not specifically -bound to into the editor. Non-printable characters are ignored by the -editor, so this will not result in control sequences being -printable. - -If the -k switch is used, the name of the key (such as down, up or -backspace) is used instead of a sequence. The names used are the same -as the corresponding curses variables, but without the 'key_' -prefix. (See \c terminfo(5) for more information, or use <tt>bind ---key-names</tt> for a list of all available named keys.) - -COMMAND can be any fish command, but it can also be one of a set of -special input functions. These include functions for moving the -cursor, operating on the kill-ring, performing tab completion, -etc. Use 'bind --function-names' for a complete list of these input -functions. - -When COMMAND is a shellscript command, it is a good practice to put -the actual code into a <a href="#function">function</a> and simply -bind to the function name. This way it becomes significantly easier to -test the function while editing, and the result is usually more -readable as well. - -If such a script produces output, the script needs to finish by -calling 'commandline -f repaint' in order to tell fish that a repaint -is in order. +SEQUENCE is the character sequence to bind to. These should be written as <a +href="index.html#escapes">fish escape sequences</a>. For example, because +pressing the Alt key and another character sends that character prefixed with +an escape character, Alt-based key bindings can be written using the `\e` +escape. For example, @key{Alt,w} can be written as `\ew`. The control +character can be written in much the same way using the `\c` escape, for +example @key{Control,X} (^X) can be written as `\cx`. Note +that Alt-based key bindings are case sensitive and Control-based key bindings +are not. This is a constraint of text-based terminals, not `fish`. + +The default key binding can be set by specifying a `SEQUENCE` of the empty +string (that is, ```''``` ). It will be used whenever no other binding +matches. For most key bindings, it makes sense to use the `self-insert` +function (i.e. ```bind '' self-insert```) as the default keybinding. This +will insert any keystrokes not specifically bound to into the editor. Non- +printable characters are ignored by the editor, so this will not result in +control sequences being printable. + +If the `-k` switch is used, the name of the key (such as 'down', 'up' or 'backspace') +is used instead of a sequence. The names used are the same as the +corresponding curses variables, but without the 'key_' prefix. (See +`terminfo(5)` for more information, or use `bind --key-names` for a list of all +available named keys.) + +`COMMAND` can be any fish command, but it can also be one of a set of special +input functions. These include functions for moving the cursor, operating on +the kill-ring, performing tab completion, etc. Use `bind --function-names` for +a complete list of these input functions. + +When `COMMAND` is a shellscript command, it is a good practice to put the actual +code into a <a href="#function">function</a> and simply bind to the function +name. This way it becomes significantly easier to test the function while +editing, and the result is usually more readable as well. + +If such a script produces output, the script needs to finish by calling +`commandline -f repaint` in order to tell fish that a repaint is in order. Key bindings are not saved between sessions by default. To save custom -keybindings, edit the \c fish_user_key_bindings function and insert the -appropriate \c bind statements. +keybindings, edit the `fish_user_key_bindings` function and insert the +appropriate `bind` statements. The following parameters are available: -- <tt>-k</tt> or <tt>--key</tt> Specify a key name, such as 'left' or 'backspace' instead of a character sequence -- <tt>-K</tt> or <tt>--key-names</tt> Display a list of available key names -- <tt>-f</tt> or <tt>--function-names</tt> Display a list of available input functions +- `-k` or `--key` Specify a key name, such as 'left' or 'backspace' instead of a character sequence +- `-K` or `--key-names` Display a list of available key names +- `-f` or `--function-names` Display a list of available input functions The following special input functions are available: -- \c backward-char, moves one character to the left -- \c backward-delete-char, deletes one character of input to the left of the cursor -- \c backward-kill-line, move everything from the beginning of the line to the cursor to the killring -- \c backward-kill-word, move the word to the left of the cursor to the killring -- \c backward-word, move one word to the left -- \c beginning-of-history, move to the beginning of the history -- \c beginning-of-line, move to the beginning of the line -- \c capitalize-word, make the current word begin with a capital letter -- \c complete, guess the remainder of the current token -- \c delete-char, delete one character to the right of the cursor -- \c delete-line, delete the entire line -- \c downcase-word, make the current word lowercase -- \c dump-functions, print a list of all key-bindings -- \c end-of-history, move to the end of the history -- \c end-of-line, move to the end of the line -- \c explain, print a description of possible problems with the current command -- \c forward-char, move one character to the right -- \c forward-word, move one word to the right -- \c history-search-backward, search the history for the previous match -- \c history-search-forward, search the history for the next match -- \c kill-line, move everything from the cursor to the end of the line to the killring -- \c kill-whole-line, move the line to the killring -- \c kill-word, move the next word to the killring -- \c upcase-word, make the current word uppercase -- \c yank, insert the latest entry of the killring into the buffer -- \c yank-pop, rotate to the previous entry of the killring +- `backward-char`, moves one character to the left +- `backward-delete-char`, deletes one character of input to the left of the cursor +- `backward-kill-line`, move everything from the beginning of the line to the cursor to the killring +- `backward-kill-word`, move the word to the left of the cursor to the killring +- `backward-word`, move one word to the left +- `beginning-of-history`, move to the beginning of the history +- `beginning-of-line`, move to the beginning of the line +- `capitalize-word`, make the current word begin with a capital letter +- `complete`, guess the remainder of the current token +- `delete-char`, delete one character to the right of the cursor +- `delete-line`, delete the entire line +- `downcase-word`, make the current word lowercase +- `dump-functions`, print a list of all key-bindings +- `end-of-history`, move to the end of the history +- `end-of-line`, move to the end of the line +- `explain`, print a description of possible problems with the current command +- `forward-char`, move one character to the right +- `forward-word`, move one word to the right +- `history-search-backward`, search the history for the previous match +- `history-search-forward`, search the history for the next match +- `kill-line`, move everything from the cursor to the end of the line to the killring +- `kill-whole-line`, move the line to the killring +- `kill-word`, move the next word to the killring +- `upcase-word`, make the current word uppercase +- `yank`, insert the latest entry of the killring into the buffer +- `yank-pop`, rotate to the previous entry of the killring \subsection bind-example Examples -<tt>bind \\cd 'exit'</tt> causes \c fish to exit when Control-d is pressed. +`bind \cd 'exit'` causes `fish` to exit when @key{Control,D} is pressed. -<tt>bind -k ppage history-search-backward</tt> performs a history search when the Page Up key is pressed. +`bind -k ppage history-search-backward` performs a history search when the @key{Page Up} key is pressed. diff --git a/doc_src/block.txt b/doc_src/block.txt index 0f4cff38..19ccb29b 100644 --- a/doc_src/block.txt +++ b/doc_src/block.txt @@ -1,40 +1,44 @@ \section block block - temporarily block delivery of events \subsection block-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>block [OPTIONS...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +block [OPTIONS...] +\endfish \subsection block-description Description -\c block prevents events triggered by \c fish or the -<a href="commands.html#emit"><code>emit</code></a> command from +`block` prevents events triggered by `fish` or the +<a href="commands.html#emit">`emit`</a> command from being delivered and acted upon while the block is in place. -In functions, \c block can be useful while performing work that +In functions, `block` can be useful while performing work that should not be interrupted by the shell. The block can be removed. Any events which triggered while the block was in place will then be delivered. Event blocks should not be confused with code blocks, which are created -with <code>begin</code>, <code>if</code>, <code>while</code> or -<code>for</code> +with `begin`, `if`, `while` or +`for` The following parameters are available: -- <tt>-l</tt> or <tt>--local</tt> Release the block automatically at the end of the current innermost code block scope -- <tt>-g</tt> or <tt>--global</tt> Never automatically release the lock -- <tt>-e</tt> or <tt>--erase</tt> Release global block +- `-l` or `--local` Release the block automatically at the end of the current innermost code block scope +- `-g` or `--global` Never automatically release the lock +- `-e` or `--erase` Release global block \subsection block-example Example -<pre> +\fish # Create a function that listens for events function --on-event foo foo; echo 'foo fired'; end + # Block the delivery of events block -g + emit foo # No output will be produced + block -e # 'foo fired' will now be printed -</pre> - +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/break.txt b/doc_src/break.txt index 3f46bb8c..3109fe9c 100644 --- a/doc_src/break.txt +++ b/doc_src/break.txt @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ \section break break - stop the current inner loop \subsection break-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>LOOP_CONSTRUCT; [COMMANDS...] break; [COMMANDS...] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +LOOP_CONSTRUCT; [COMMANDS...] break; [COMMANDS...] end +\endfish + \subsection break-description Description -\c break halts a currently running loop, such as a <a href="#for">for</a> loop or a <a href="#while">while</a> loop. It is usually added inside of a conditional block such as an <a href="#if">if</a> statement or a <a href="#switch">switch</a> statement. +`break` halts a currently running loop, such as a <a href="#for">for</a> loop or a <a href="#while">while</a> loop. It is usually added inside of a conditional block such as an <a href="#if">if</a> statement or a <a href="#switch">switch</a> statement. -There are no parameters for <code>break</code>. +There are no parameters for `break`. \subsection break-example Example The following code searches all .c files for "smurf", and halts at the first occurrence. -<pre> +\fish for i in *.c if grep smurf $i echo Smurfs are present in $i break end end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/breakpoint.txt b/doc_src/breakpoint.txt index 744727fa..bff8fc5a 100644 --- a/doc_src/breakpoint.txt +++ b/doc_src/breakpoint.txt @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ \section breakpoint breakpoint - Launch debug mode \subsection breakpoint-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>breakpoint</tt> +\fish{syn} +breakpoint +\endfish \subsection breakpoint-description Description -\c breakpoint is used to halt a running script and launch +`breakpoint` is used to halt a running script and launch an interactive debugging prompt. For more details, see <a href="index.html#debugging">Debugging fish -scripts</a> in the \c fish manual. +scripts</a> in the `fish` manual. -There are no parameters for <code>breakpoint</code>. +There are no parameters for `breakpoint`. diff --git a/doc_src/builtin.txt b/doc_src/builtin.txt index fd93f703..8f480b47 100644 --- a/doc_src/builtin.txt +++ b/doc_src/builtin.txt @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ \section builtin builtin - run a builtin command \subsection builtin-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>builtin BUILTINNAME [OPTIONS...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +builtin BUILTINNAME [OPTIONS...] +\endfish \subsection builtin-description Description -\c builtin forces the shell to use a builtin command, rather than a function or program. +`builtin` forces the shell to use a builtin command, rather than a function or program. The following parameters are available: -- <tt>-n</tt> or <tt>--names</tt> List the names of all defined builtins +- `-n` or `--names` List the names of all defined builtins \subsection builtin-example Example -<tt>builtin jobs</tt> executes the jobs builtin, even if a function named jobs exists. +`builtin jobs` executes the jobs builtin, even if a function named jobs exists. diff --git a/doc_src/case.txt b/doc_src/case.txt index b5601cdb..aab24d53 100644 --- a/doc_src/case.txt +++ b/doc_src/case.txt @@ -1,18 +1,20 @@ \section case case - conditionally execute a block of commands \subsection case-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>switch VALUE; [case [WILDCARD...]; [COMMANDS...]; ...] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +switch VALUE; [case [WILDCARD...]; [COMMANDS...]; ...] end +\endfish \subsection case-description Description -\c switch performs one of several blocks of commands, depending on whether -a specified value equals one of several wildcarded values. \c case is used -together with the \c switch statement in order to determine which block should +`switch` performs one of several blocks of commands, depending on whether +a specified value equals one of several wildcarded values. `case` is used +together with the `switch` statement in order to determine which block should be executed. -Each \c case command is given one or more parameters. The first \c case +Each `case` command is given one or more parameters. The first `case` command with a parameter that matches the string specified in the -switch command will be evaluated. \c case parameters may contain +switch command will be evaluated. `case` parameters may contain wildcards. These need to be escaped or quoted in order to avoid regular wildcard expansion using filenames. @@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ against the parameter. If the variable \$animal contains the name of an animal, the following code would attempt to classify it: -<pre> +\fish switch $animal case cat echo evil @@ -43,8 +45,8 @@ switch $animal case '*' echo I have no idea what a $animal is end -</pre> +\endfish -If the above code was run with \c \$animal set to \c whale, the output -would be \c mammal. +If the above code was run with `$animal` set to `whale`, the output +would be `mammal`. diff --git a/doc_src/cd.txt b/doc_src/cd.txt index a1da087a..968333f3 100644 --- a/doc_src/cd.txt +++ b/doc_src/cd.txt @@ -1,25 +1,27 @@ \section cd cd - change directory \subsection cd-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>cd [DIRECTORY]</tt> +\fish{syn} +cd [DIRECTORY] +\endfish \subsection cd-description Description -\c cd changes the current working directory. +`cd` changes the current working directory. -If \c DIRECTORY is supplied, it will become the new directory. If no parameter -is given, the contents of the \c HOME environment variable will be used. +If `DIRECTORY` is supplied, it will become the new directory. If no parameter +is given, the contents of the `HOME` environment variable will be used. -If \c DIRECTORY is a relative path, the paths found in the -\c CDPATH environment variable array will be tried as prefixes for the specified +If `DIRECTORY` is a relative path, the paths found in the +`CDPATH` environment variable array will be tried as prefixes for the specified path. -Note that the shell will attempt to change directory without requiring \c cd -if the name of a directory is provided (starting with '.', '/' or '~', or ending -with '/'). +Note that the shell will attempt to change directory without requiring `cd` +if the name of a directory is provided (starting with '`.`', '`/`' or `~`', or ending +with '`/`'). \subsection cd-example Examples -\c cd changes the working directory to your home directory. +`cd` changes the working directory to your home directory. -<code>cd /usr/src/fish-shell</code> changes the working directory to -<code>/usr/src/fish-shell</code>. +`cd /usr/src/fish-shell` changes the working directory to +`/usr/src/fish-shell`. diff --git a/doc_src/command.txt b/doc_src/command.txt index cef08fdc..f0b79e8d 100644 --- a/doc_src/command.txt +++ b/doc_src/command.txt @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ \subsection command-description Description -\c command forces the shell to execute the program \c COMMANDNAME and ignore any functions or builtins with the same name. +`command` forces the shell to execute the program `COMMANDNAME` and ignore any functions or builtins with the same name. The following options are available: - \c -h or \c --help prints help and then exits. diff --git a/doc_src/commandline.txt b/doc_src/commandline.txt index 1d13f79e..c61b51da 100644 --- a/doc_src/commandline.txt +++ b/doc_src/commandline.txt @@ -1,73 +1,75 @@ \section commandline commandline - set or get the current command line buffer \subsection commandline-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>commandline [OPTIONS] [CMD]</tt> +\fish{syn} +commandline [OPTIONS] [CMD] +\endfish \subsection commandline-description Description -\c commandline can be used to set or get the current contents of the command +`commandline` can be used to set or get the current contents of the command line buffer. -With no parameters, \c commandline returns the current value of the command +With no parameters, `commandline` returns the current value of the command line. -With \c CMD specified, the command line buffer is erased and replaced with -the contents of \c CMD. +With `CMD` specified, the command line buffer is erased and replaced with +the contents of `CMD`. The following options are available: -- \c -C or \c --cursor set or get the current cursor position, not +- `-C` or `--cursor` set or get the current cursor position, not the contents of the buffer. If no argument is given, the current cursor position is printed, otherwise the argument is interpreted as the new cursor position. -- \c -f or \c --function inject readline functions into the +- `-f` or `--function` inject readline functions into the reader. This option cannot be combined with any other option. It will cause any additional arguments to be interpreted as readline functions, and these functions will be injected into the reader, so that they will be returned to the reader before any additional actual key presses are read. -The following options change the way \c commandline updates the +The following options change the way `commandline` updates the command line buffer: -- \c -a or \c --append do not remove the current commandline, append +- `-a` or `--append` do not remove the current commandline, append the specified string at the end of it -- \c -i or \c --insert do not remove the current commandline, insert +- `-i` or `--insert` do not remove the current commandline, insert the specified string at the current cursor position -- \c -r or \c --replace remove the current commandline and replace it +- `-r` or `--replace` remove the current commandline and replace it with the specified string (default) The following options change what part of the commandline is printed or updated: -- \c -b or \c --current-buffer select the entire buffer (default) -- \c -j or \c --current-job select the current job -- \c -p or \c --current-process select the current process -- \c -t or \c --current-token select the current token. +- `-b` or `--current-buffer` select the entire buffer (default) +- `-j` or `--current-job` select the current job +- `-p` or `--current-process` select the current process +- `-t` or `--current-token` select the current token. -The following options change the way \c commandline prints the current +The following options change the way `commandline` prints the current commandline buffer: -- \c -c or \c --cut-at-cursor only print selection up until the +- `-c` or `--cut-at-cursor` only print selection up until the current cursor position -- \c -o or \c --tokenize tokenize the selection and print one string-type token per line +- `-o` or `--tokenize` tokenize the selection and print one string-type token per line -If \c commandline is called during a call to complete a given string -using <code>complete -C STRING</code>, \c commandline will consider the +If `commandline` is called during a call to complete a given string +using `complete -C STRING`, `commandline` will consider the specified string to be the current contents of the command line. The following options output metadata about the commandline state: -- \c -L or \c --line print the line that the cursor is on, with the topmost +- `-L` or `--line` print the line that the cursor is on, with the topmost line starting at 1 -- \c -S or \c --search-mode evaluates to true if the commandline is performing +- `-S` or `--search-mode` evaluates to true if the commandline is performing a history search -- \c -P or \c --paging-mode evaluates to true if the commandline is showing +- `-P` or `--paging-mode` evaluates to true if the commandline is showing pager contents, such as tab completions \subsection commandline-example Example -<tt>commandline -j $history[3]</tt> replaces the job under the cursor with the +`commandline -j $history[3]` replaces the job under the cursor with the third item from the command line history. diff --git a/doc_src/commands.hdr.in b/doc_src/commands.hdr.in index c29675bd..12269b2b 100644 --- a/doc_src/commands.hdr.in +++ b/doc_src/commands.hdr.in @@ -1,15 +1,22 @@ -/** \page commands Commands bundled with fish +/** \page commands Commands -\htmlonly <div class="fish_left_bar fish_left_little"> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +<div class="fish_left_bar fish_left_little"> +<div class="menu commands_menu"> +\endhtmlonly @command_list_toc@ -\htmlonly </div> \endhtmlonly -\htmlonly -<div class="fish_right_bar fish_right_big"> -<h1 class="interior_title_borderless">Commands</h1> -Fish ships with a large number of builtin commands, shellscript functions and external commands. These are all described below. +\htmlonly[block] +</div> +</div> +<div class="commands fish_right_bar fish_right_big"> +<h1 class="interior_title">Command reference</h1> \endhtmlonly +`fish` ships with a large number of builtin commands, shellscript functions and external commands. These are all described below. + @command_list@ -\htmlonly </div> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +</div> +\endhtmlonly */ diff --git a/doc_src/complete.txt b/doc_src/complete.txt index 0c1ffa91..c2aae040 100644 --- a/doc_src/complete.txt +++ b/doc_src/complete.txt @@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ the fish manual. Command specific tab-completions in \c fish are based on the notion of options and arguments. An option is a parameter which begins with a -hyphen, such as '-h', '-help' or '--help'. Arguments are parameters +hyphen, such as '`-h`', '`-help`' or '`--help`'. Arguments are parameters that do not begin with a hyphen. Fish recognizes three styles of options, the same styles as the GNU version of the getopt library. These styles are: -- Short options, like '-a'. Short options are a single character long, are preceded by a single hyphen and may be grouped together (like '-la', which is equivalent to '-l -a'). Option arguments may be specified in the following parameter ('-w 32') or by appending the option with the value ('-w32'). -- Old style long options, like '-Wall'. Old style long options can be more than one character long, are preceded by a single hyphen and may not be grouped together. Option arguments are specified in the following parameter ('-ao null'). -- GNU style long options, like '--colors'. GNU style long options can be more than one character long, are preceded by two hyphens, and may not be grouped together. Option arguments may be specified in the following parameter ('--quoting-style shell') or by appending the option with a '=' and the value ('--quoting-style=shell'). GNU style long options may be abbreviated so long as the abbreviation is unique ('--h' is equivalent to '--help' if help is the only long option beginning with an 'h'). +- Short options, like '`-a`'. Short options are a single character long, are preceded by a single hyphen and may be grouped together (like '`-la`', which is equivalent to '`-l -a`'). Option arguments may be specified in the following parameter ('`-w 32`') or by appending the option with the value ('`-w32`'). +- Old style long options, like '`-Wall`'. Old style long options can be more than one character long, are preceded by a single hyphen and may not be grouped together. Option arguments are specified in the following parameter ('`-ao null`'). +- GNU style long options, like '`--colors`'. GNU style long options can be more than one character long, are preceded by two hyphens, and may not be grouped together. Option arguments may be specified in the following parameter ('`--quoting-style`') or by appending the option with a '`=`' and the value ('`--quoting-style=shell`'). GNU style long options may be abbreviated so long as the abbreviation is unique ('`--h`') is equivalent to '`--help`' if help is the only long option beginning with an 'h'). The options for specifying command name, command path, or command switches may all be used multiple times to specify multiple commands @@ -51,37 +51,39 @@ then A automatically inherits all of C's completions. Wrapping can be removed using the \c -e or \c --erase options. When erasing completions, it is possible to either erase all -completions for a specific command by specifying <tt>complete -e -c -COMMAND</tt>, or by specifying a specific completion option to delete +completions for a specific command by specifying `complete -e -c +COMMAND`, or by specifying a specific completion option to delete by specifying either a long, short or old style option. \subsection complete-example Example -The short style option <tt>-o</tt> for the \c gcc command requires -that a file follows it. This can be done using writing <tt>complete --c gcc -s o -r</tt>. +The short style option `-o` for the `gcc` command requires +that a file follows it. This can be done using writing: -The short style option <tt>-d</tt> for the \c grep command requires -that one of the strings 'read', 'skip' or 'recurse' is used. This can -be specified writing <tt>complete -c grep -s d -x -a "read skip -recurse"</tt>. +`complete -c gcc -s o -r` -The \c su command takes any username as an argument. Usernames are +The short style option `-d` for the `grep` command requires +that one of the strings '`read`', '`skip`' or '`recurse`' is used. This can +be specified writing: + +`complete -c grep -s d -x -a "read skip recurse"` + +The `su` command takes any username as an argument. Usernames are given as the first colon-separated field in the file /etc/passwd. This -can be specified as: <tt>complete -x -c su -d "Username" -a "(cat -/etc/passwd|cut -d : -f 1)" </tt>. +can be specified as: + +`complete -x -c su -d "Username" ` +`-a "(cat /etc/passwd | cut -d : -f 1)"` -The \c rpm command has several different modes. If the \c -e or \c ---erase flag has been specified, \c rpm should delete one or more -packages, in which case several switches related to deleting packages -are valid, like the \c nodeps switch. +The `rpm` command has several different modes. If the `-e` or `--erase` flag has been specified, `rpm` should delete one or more +packages, in which case several switches related to deleting packages are valid, like the `nodeps` switch. This can be written as: -<tt>complete -c rpm -n "__fish_contains_opt -s e erase" -l nodeps -d -"Don't check dependencies"</tt> +`complete -c rpm -n "__fish_contains_opt -s e erase"` +`-l nodeps -d "Don't check dependencies"` -where \c __fish_contains_opt is a function that checks the commandline +where `__fish_contains_opt` is a function that checks the commandline buffer for the presence of a specified set of options. To implement an alias, use the \c -w or \c --wraps option: diff --git a/doc_src/contains.txt b/doc_src/contains.txt index cc746358..3671c8a3 100644 --- a/doc_src/contains.txt +++ b/doc_src/contains.txt @@ -1,26 +1,29 @@ \section contains contains - test if a word is present in a list \subsection contains-synopsis Synopsis -<code>contains [OPTIONS] KEY [VALUES...]</code> +\fish{syn} +contains [OPTIONS] KEY [VALUES...] +\endfish \subsection contains-description Description -\c contains tests whether the set \c VALUES contains the string -<code>KEY</code>. If so, \c contains exits with status 0; if not, it exits +`contains` tests whether the set `VALUES` contains the string +`KEY`. If so, `contains` exits with status 0; if not, it exits with status 1. The following options are available: -- \c -i or \c --index print the word index -- \c -h or \c --help display this message +- `-i` or `--index` print the word index +- `-h` or `--help` display this message \subsection contains-example Example -<pre> + +\fish for i in ~/bin /usr/local/bin - if not contains \$i \$PATH - set PATH \$PATH \$i - end + if not contains $i $PATH + set PATH $PATH $i + end end -</pre> +\endfish -The above code tests if \c ~/bin and \c /usr/local/bin are in the path and adds them if not. +The above code tests if `~/bin` and `/usr/local/bin` are in the path and adds them if not. diff --git a/doc_src/continue.txt b/doc_src/continue.txt index 9b1803f5..e79c8f35 100644 --- a/doc_src/continue.txt +++ b/doc_src/continue.txt @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ \section continue continue - skip the remainder of the current iteration of the current inner loop \subsection continue-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>LOOP_CONSTRUCT; [COMMANDS...;] continue; [COMMANDS...;] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +LOOP_CONSTRUCT; [COMMANDS...;] continue; [COMMANDS...;] end +\endfish \subsection continue-description Description -\c continue skips the remainder of the current iteration of the current inner loop, such as a <a href="#for">for</a> loop or a <a href="#while">while</a> loop. It is usually added inside of a conditional block such as an <a href="#if">if</a> statement or a <a href="#switch">switch</a> statement. +`continue` skips the remainder of the current iteration of the current inner loop, such as a <a href="#for">for</a> loop or a <a href="#while">while</a> loop. It is usually added inside of a conditional block such as an <a href="#if">if</a> statement or a <a href="#switch">switch</a> statement. \subsection continue-example Example The following code removes all tmp files that do not contain the word smurf. -<pre> +\fish for i in *.tmp if grep smurf $i continue end rm $i end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/count.txt b/doc_src/count.txt index 7923ca00..1af00e00 100644 --- a/doc_src/count.txt +++ b/doc_src/count.txt @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ \section count count - count the number of elements of an array \subsection count-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>count $VARIABLE</tt> +\fish{syn} +count $VARIABLE +\endfish \subsection count-description Description -<tt>count</tt> prints the number of arguments that were +`count` prints the number of arguments that were passed to it. This is usually used to find out how many elements an environment variable array contains. -\c count does not accept any options, including '-h'. +`count` does not accept any options, including '`-h`'. -\c count exits with a non-zero exit status if no arguments were passed +`count` exits with a non-zero exit status if no arguments were passed to it, and with zero if at least one argument was passed. \subsection count-example Example diff --git a/doc_src/design.hdr b/doc_src/design.hdr index 2ea220dd..e055459f 100644 --- a/doc_src/design.hdr +++ b/doc_src/design.hdr @@ -1,6 +1,10 @@ /** \page design Design document -\htmlonly <div class="fish_only_bar"> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +<div class="fish_only_bar"> +<div class="design"> +<h1 class="interior_title">Design documentation</h1> +\endhtmlonly \section design-overview Overview @@ -35,8 +39,8 @@ program harder to maintain and update. Examples: - Here documents are too similar to using echo inside of a pipeline. -- Subshells, command substitution and process substitution are strongly related. \c fish only supports command substitution, the others can be achieved either using a block or the psub shellscript function. -- Having both aliases and functions is confusing, especially since both of them have limitations and problems. \c fish functions have none of the drawbacks of either syntax. +- Subshells, command substitution and process substitution are strongly related. `fish` only supports command substitution, the others can be achieved either using a block or the psub shellscript function. +- Having both aliases and functions is confusing, especially since both of them have limitations and problems. `fish` functions have none of the drawbacks of either syntax. - The many Posix quoting styles are silly, especially \$''. \section sep The law of responsiveness @@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ Examples: - There should only be one type of input to the shell, lists of commands. Loops, conditionals and variable assignments are all performed through regular commands. - The differences between builtin commands and shellscript functions should be made as small as possible. Builtins and shellscript functions should have exactly the same types of argument expansion as other commands, should be possible to use in any position in a pipeline, and should support any io redirection. - Instead of forking when performing command substitution to provide a fake variable scope, all fish commands are performed from the same process, and fish instead supports true scoping. -- All blocks end with the \c end builtin. +- All blocks end with the `end` builtin. \section disc The law of discoverability @@ -133,6 +137,9 @@ Examples: - The help manual should be easy to read, easily available from the shell, complete and contain many examples - The language should be uniform, so that once the user understands the command/argument syntax, he will know the whole language, and be able to use tab-completion to discover new featues. -*/ +\htmlonly[block] +</div> +</div> +\endhtmlonly -\htmlonly </div> \endhtmlonly +*/ diff --git a/doc_src/dirh.txt b/doc_src/dirh.txt index abc498b8..38160b86 100644 --- a/doc_src/dirh.txt +++ b/doc_src/dirh.txt @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ \section dirh dirh - print directory history \subsection dirh-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>dirh</tt> +\fish{syn} +dirh +\endfish \subsection dirh-description Description -<tt>dirh</tt> prints the current directory history. The current position in the +`dirh` prints the current directory history. The current position in the history is highlighted using the color defined in the -<tt>fish_color_history_current</tt> environment variable. +`fish_color_history_current` environment variable. -\c dirh does not accept any parameters. +`dirh` does not accept any parameters. diff --git a/doc_src/dirs.txt b/doc_src/dirs.txt index e5238107..f8744071 100644 --- a/doc_src/dirs.txt +++ b/doc_src/dirs.txt @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ \section dirs dirs - print directory stack \subsection dirs-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>dirs</tt> +\fish{syn} +dirs +\endfish \subsection dirs-description Description -<tt>dirs</tt> prints the current directory stack, as created by the -<code><a href="#pushd">pushd</a></code> command. +`dirs` prints the current directory stack, as created by the +<a href="#pushd">`pushd`</a> command. -\c dirs does not accept any parameters. +`dirs` does not accept any parameters. diff --git a/doc_src/echo.txt b/doc_src/echo.txt index 01ddf5a5..edb3c963 100644 --- a/doc_src/echo.txt +++ b/doc_src/echo.txt @@ -1,39 +1,41 @@ \section echo echo - display a line of text \subsection echo-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>echo [STRING]</tt> +\fish{syn} +echo [STRING] +\endfish \subsection echo-description Description -\c echo displays a string of text. +`echo` displays a string of text. The following options are available: -- \c -n, \c Do not output a newline -- \c -s, \c Do not separate arguments with spaces -- \c -E, \c Disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default) -- \c -e, \c Enable interpretation of backslash escapes -- \c -h, \c --help Display this help +- `-n`, Do not output a newline +- `-s`, Do not separate arguments with spaces +- `-E`, Disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default) +- `-e`, Enable interpretation of backslash escapes +- `-h`, `--help` Display this help \subsection echo-escapes Escape Sequences -If \c -e is used, the following sequences are recognized: - -- \c \\\\ \c backslash -- \\a alert (BEL) -- \\b backspace -- \\c produce no further output -- \\e escape -- \\f form feed -- \\n new line -- \\r carriage return -- \\t horizontal tab -- \\v vertical tab -- \\0NNN byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits) -- \\xHH byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits) +If `-e` is used, the following sequences are recognized: + +- `\` backslash +- `\a` alert (BEL) +- `\b` backspace +- `\c` produce no further output +- `\e` escape +- `\f` form feed +- `\n` new line +- `\r` carriage return +- `\t` horizontal tab +- `\v` vertical tab +- `\0NNN` byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits) +- `\xHH` byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits) \subsection echo-example Example -<tt>echo 'Hello World'</tt> Print hello world to stdout +`echo 'Hello World'` Print hello world to stdout -<tt>echo -e 'Top\\nBottom'</tt> Print Top and Bottom on separate lines, using an escape sequence +`echo -e 'Top\nBottom'` Print Top and Bottom on separate lines, using an escape sequence diff --git a/doc_src/else.txt b/doc_src/else.txt index 66d8be3f..069a13bd 100644 --- a/doc_src/else.txt +++ b/doc_src/else.txt @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ \section else else - execute command if a condition is not met \subsection else-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>if CONDITION; COMMANDS_TRUE...; [else; COMMANDS_FALSE...;] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +if CONDITION; COMMANDS_TRUE...; [else; COMMANDS_FALSE...;] end +\endfish \subsection else-description Description -<tt>if</tt> will execute the command \c CONDITION. If the condition's exit -status is 0, the commands \c COMMANDS_TRUE will execute. If it is not 0 and -<tt>else</tt> is given, \c COMMANDS_FALSE will be executed. +`if` will execute the command `CONDITION`. If the condition's exit +status is 0, the commands `COMMANDS_TRUE` will execute. If it is not 0 and +`else` is given, `COMMANDS_FALSE` will be executed. \subsection else-example Example -The following code tests whether a file \c foo.txt exists as a regular file. +The following code tests whether a file `foo`.txt exists as a regular file. -<pre> +\fish if test -f foo.txt echo foo.txt exists else echo foo.txt does not exist end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/emit.txt b/doc_src/emit.txt index f00e4233..cfcc107f 100644 --- a/doc_src/emit.txt +++ b/doc_src/emit.txt @@ -1,20 +1,23 @@ \section emit emit - Emit a generic event -\subsection block-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>emit EVENT_NAME [ARGUMENTS...]</tt> +\subsection emit-synopsis Synopsis +\fish{syn} +emit EVENT_NAME [ARGUMENTS...] +\endfish \subsection emit-description Description -\c emit emits, or fires, an event. Events are delivered to, or caught by, special functions called event handlers. The arguments are passed to the event handlers as function arguments. +`emit` emits, or fires, an event. Events are delivered to, or caught by, special functions called event handlers. The arguments are passed to the event handlers as function arguments. \subsection emit-example Example The following code first defines an event handler for the generic event named 'test_event', and then emits an event of that type. -<pre>function event_test --on-event test_event +\fish +function event_test --on-event test_event echo event test: $argv end emit test_event something -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/end.txt b/doc_src/end.txt index 2d301e33..be971e95 100644 --- a/doc_src/end.txt +++ b/doc_src/end.txt @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ \section end end - end a block of commands. \subsection end-synopsis Synopsis -<pre> +\fish{syn} begin; [COMMANDS...] end if CONDITION; COMMANDS_TRUE...; [else; COMMANDS_FALSE...;] end while CONDITION; COMMANDS...; end for VARNAME in [VALUES...]; COMMANDS...; end switch VALUE; [case [WILDCARD...]; [COMMANDS...]; ...] end -</pre> +\endfish \subsection end-description Description -<tt>end</tt> ends a block of commands. +`end` ends a block of commands. For more information, read the documentation for the block constructs, such as \c if, \c for and \c diff --git a/doc_src/eval.txt b/doc_src/eval.txt index 47e4627d..22f92164 100644 --- a/doc_src/eval.txt +++ b/doc_src/eval.txt @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ \section eval eval - evaluate the specified commands \subsection eval-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>eval [COMMANDS...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +eval [COMMANDS...] +\endfish \subsection eval-description Description -<tt>eval</tt> evaluates the specified parameters as a command. If more than one parameter is specified, all parameters will be joined using a space character as a separator. +`eval` evaluates the specified parameters as a command. If more than one parameter is specified, all parameters will be joined using a space character as a separator. \subsection eval-example Example @@ -12,8 +14,8 @@ The following code will call the ls command. Note that \c fish does not support the use of shell variables as direct commands; \c eval can be used to work around this. -<pre> +\fish set cmd ls eval $cmd -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/exec.txt b/doc_src/exec.txt index 27f6d887..75effda1 100644 --- a/doc_src/exec.txt +++ b/doc_src/exec.txt @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ \section exec exec - execute command in current process \subsection exec-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>exec COMMAND [OPTIONS...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +exec COMMAND [OPTIONS...] +\endfish \subsection exec-description Description -\c exec replaces the currently running shell with a new command. -On successful completion, \c exec never returns. \c exec cannot be used +`exec` replaces the currently running shell with a new command. +On successful completion, `exec` never returns. `exec` cannot be used inside a pipeline. \subsection exec-example Example -<tt>exec emacs</tt> starts up the emacs text editor, and exits \c fish. +`exec emacs` starts up the emacs text editor, and exits `fish`. When emacs exits, the session will terminate. diff --git a/doc_src/exit.txt b/doc_src/exit.txt index cdcf54d4..ae607a4c 100644 --- a/doc_src/exit.txt +++ b/doc_src/exit.txt @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ \section exit exit - exit the shell \subsection exit-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>exit [STATUS]</tt> +\fish{syn} +exit [STATUS] +\endfish \subsection exit-description Description -\c exit causes fish to exit. If <tt>STATUS</tt> is +`exit` causes fish to exit. If `STATUS` is supplied, it will be converted to an integer and used as the exit code. Otherwise, the exit code will be that of the last command executed. diff --git a/doc_src/faq.hdr b/doc_src/faq.hdr index 81bac7ae..5558d234 100644 --- a/doc_src/faq.hdr +++ b/doc_src/faq.hdr @@ -1,9 +1,13 @@ /** \page faq Frequently asked questions -\htmlonly <div class="fish_left_bar fish_left_big"> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +<div class="fish_left_bar"> +<div class="menu faq_menu"> + +\endhtmlonly - <a href='#faq-envvar'>How do I set or clear an environment variable?</a> -- <a href='#faq-login-cmd'>How do I run a command every login? What's fish's equivalent to <tt>.bashrc</tt>?</a> +- <a href='#faq-login-cmd'>How do I run a command every login? What's fish's equivalent to `.bashrc`?</a> - <a href='#faq-prompt'>How do I set my prompt?</a> - <a href='#faq-cmd-history'>How do I run a command from history?</a> - <a href='#faq-subcommand'>How do I run a subcommand? The backtick doesn't work!</a> @@ -20,177 +24,142 @@ - <a href='#faq-history'>Why doesn't history substitution ("!$" etc.) work?</a> - <a href='#faq-uninstalling'>How do I uninstall fish?</a> -\htmlonly +\htmlonly[block] </div> -<div class="fish_right_bar fish_right_little"> +</div> +<div class="faq fish_right_bar"> <h1 class="interior_title">Frequently Asked Questions</h1> - \endhtmlonly \section faq-envvar How do I set or clear an environment variable? -Use the <a href="commands.html#set"><code>set</code></a> command: +Use the <a href="commands.html#set">`set`</a> command: -<pre>set -x key value -set -e key</pre> +\fish +set -x key value +set -e key +\endfish <hr> \section faq-login-cmd How do I run a command every login? What's fish's equivalent to .bashrc? -Edit the file <tt>~/.config/fish/config.fish</tt>, creating it if it does not -exist. (Note the leading period.) - +Edit the file `~/.config/fish/config.fish`, creating it if it does not exist. (Note the leading period.) <hr> \section faq-prompt How do I set my prompt? -The prompt is the output of the \c fish_prompt function. Put it in -<tt>~/.config/fish/functions/fish_prompt.fish</tt>. For example, a simple -prompt is: -<pre>function fish_prompt - set_color $fish_color_cwd - echo -n (prompt_pwd) - set_color normal - echo -n ' > ' -end</pre> +The prompt is the output of the `fish_prompt` function. Put it in `~/.config/fish/functions/fish_prompt.fish`. For example, a simple prompt is: + +\fish +function fish_prompt + set_color $fish_color_cwd + echo -n (prompt_pwd) + set_color normal + echo -n ' > ' +end +\endfish -You can also use the Web configuration tool, -<a href="commands.html#fish_config"><code>fish_config</code></a>, to preview -and choose from a gallery of sample prompts. +You can also use the Web configuration tool, <a href="commands.html#fish_config">`fish_config`</a>, to preview and choose from a gallery of sample prompts. <hr> \section faq-cmd-history How do I run a command from history? -Type some part of the command, and then hit the up or down arrow keys to -navigate through history matches. +Type some part of the command, and then hit the up or down arrow keys to navigate through history matches. <hr> \section faq-subcommand How do I run a subcommand? The backtick doesn't work! -\c fish uses parentheses for subcommands. For example: +`fish` uses parentheses for subcommands. For example: -<pre>for i in (ls) - echo $i -end</pre> +\fish +for i in (ls) + echo $i +end +\endfish <hr> \section faq-exit-status How do I get the exit status of a command? -Use the \c $status variable. This replaces the \c $? variable used in some -other shells. +Use the `$status` variable. This replaces the `$?` variable used in some other shells. <hr> \section faq-single-env How do I set an environment variable for just one command? -<i><tt>SOME_VAR=1 command</tt> produces an error: <tt>Unknown command "SOME_VAR=1"</tt>.</i> +<i>`SOME_VAR=1 command` produces an error: `Unknown command "SOME_VAR=1"`.</i> -Use the \c env command. +Use the `env` command. -<tt>env SOME_VAR=1 command</tt> +`env SOME_VAR=1 command` You can also declare a local variable in a block: -<pre>begin - set -lx SOME_VAR 1 - command -end</pre> +\fish +begin + set -lx SOME_VAR 1 + command +end +\endfish <hr> \section faq-customize-colors How do I customize my syntax highlighting colors? -Use the web configuration tool, -<a href="commands.html#fish_config"><code>fish_config</code></a>, or alter the -<a href="index.html#variables-color">\c fish_color family of environment variables</a>. - +Use the web configuration tool, <a href="commands.html#fish_config">`fish_config`</a>, or alter the <a href="index.html#variables-color">`fish_color` family of environment variables</a>. <hr> \section faq-update-manpage-completions How do I update man page completions? -Use the -<a href="commands.html#fish_update_completions"><tt>fish_update_completions</tt></a> -command. +Use the <a href="commands.html#fish_update_completions">`fish_update_completions`</a> command. <hr> \section faq-cwd-symlink Why does cd, $PWD and and various fish commands always resolve symlinked directories to their canonical path? -<i> -For example if ~/images is a symlink to ~/Documents/Images, if I write -'cd images', my prompt will say ~/D/Images, not ~/images. -</i> - -Because it is impossible to consistently keep symlinked directories -unresolved. It is indeed possible to do this partially, and many other -shells do so. But it was felt there are enough serious corner cases -that this is a bad idea. Most such issues have to do with how '..' is -handled, and are varitations of the following example: - -Writing <code>cd images; ls ..</code> given the above directory -structure would list the contents of ~/Documents, not of ~, even -though using <code>cd ..</code> changes the current directory to ~, -and the prompt, the pwd builtin and many other directory information -sources suggest that the current directory is ~/images and its -parent is ~. This issue is not possible to fix without either making -every single command into a builtin, breaking Unix semantics or -implementing kludges in every single command. - -This issue can also be seen when doing IO redirection. - -Another related issue is that many programs that operate on recursive -directory trees, like the find command, silently ignore symlinked -directories. For example, <code>find $PWD -name '*.txt'</code> -silently fails in shells that don't resolve symlinked paths. +<i>For example if `~/images` is a symlink to `~/Documents/Images`, if I write '`cd images`', my prompt will say `~/D/Images`, not `~/images`.</i> + +Because it is impossible to consistently keep symlinked directories unresolved. It is indeed possible to do this partially, and many other shells do so. But it was felt there are enough serious corner cases that this is a bad idea. Most such issues have to do with how '..' is handled, and are varitations of the following example: + +Writing `cd images; ls ..` given the above directory structure would list the contents of `~/Documents`, not of `~`, even though using `cd ..` changes the current directory to `~`, and the prompt, the `pwd` builtin and many other directory information sources suggest that the current directory is `~/images` and its parent is `~`. This issue is not possible to fix without either making every single command into a builtin, breaking Unix semantics or implementing kludges in every single command. This issue can also be seen when doing IO redirection. + +Another related issue is that many programs that operate on recursive directory trees, like the find command, silently ignore symlinked directories. For example, ```find $PWD -name '*.txt'``` silently fails in shells that don't resolve symlinked paths. <hr> \section faq-cd-implicit I accidentally entered a directory path and fish changed directory. What happened? -If fish is unable to locate a command with a given name, and it starts with '.', '/' or '~', fish will -test if a directory of that name exists. If it does, it is implicitly -assumed that you want to change working directory. For example, the -fastest way to switch to your home directory is to simply press -<code>~</code> and enter. - +If fish is unable to locate a command with a given name, and it starts with '`.`', '`/`' or '`~`', fish will test if a directory of that name exists. If it does, it is implicitly assumed that you want to change working directory. For example, the fastest way to switch to your home directory is to simply press `~` and enter. <hr> \section faq-open The open command doesn't work. -The \c open command uses the MIME type database and the <code>.desktop</code> files -used by Gnome and KDE to identify filetypes and default actions. If -at least one of these environments is installed, but the open command is -not working, this probably means that the relevant files are installed -in a non-standard location. Consider <a href="index.html#more-help">asking for -more help</a>. +The `open` command uses the MIME type database and the `.desktop` files used by Gnome and KDE to identify filetypes and default actions. If at least one of these environments is installed, but the open command is not working, this probably means that the relevant files are installed in a non-standard location. Consider <a href="index.html#more-help">asking for more help</a>. <hr> \section faq-default How do I make fish my default shell? -If you installed fish manually (e.g. by compiling it, not by using a -package manager), you first need to add fish to the list of shells by -executing the following command (assuming you installed fish in -/usr/local) as root: +If you installed fish manually (e.g. by compiling it, not by using a package manager), you first need to add fish to the list of shells by executing the following command (assuming you installed fish in /usr/local) as root: +\fish +echo /usr/local/bin/fish >>/etc/shells +\endfish -<code>echo /usr/local/bin/fish >>/etc/shells</code> - -If you installed a prepackaged version of fish, the package manager -should have already done this for you. +If you installed a prepackaged version of fish, the package manager should have already done this for you. In order to change your default shell, type: -<code>chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish</code> +\fish +chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish +\endfish -You may need to adjust the above path to e.g. \c /usr/bin/fish. Use the command <code>which fish</code> if you are unsure of where fish is installed. +You may need to adjust the above path to e.g. `/usr/bin/fish`. Use the command `which fish` if you are unsure of where fish is installed. -Unfortunately, there is no way to make the changes take effect at once. -You will need to log out and back in again. +Unfortunately, there is no way to make the changes take effect at once. You will need to log out and back in again. <hr> @@ -200,57 +169,41 @@ Quick answer: Run the following command in fish: -<pre> -echo 'function fish_title;end' > ~/.config/fish/config.fish -</pre> +\fish +echo 'function fish_title;end' > ~/.config/fish/config.fish +\endfish Problem solved! The long answer: -Fish is trying to set the titlebar message of your terminal. While -screen itself supports this feature, your terminal does -not. Unfortunately, when the underlying terminal doesn't support -setting the titlebar, screen simply passes through the escape codes -and text to the underlying terminal instead of ignoring them. It is -impossible detect and resolve this problem from inside fish since fish -has no way of knowing what the underlying terminal type is. For now, -the only way to fix this is to unset the titlebar message, as -suggested above. +Fish is trying to set the titlebar message of your terminal. While screen itself supports this feature, your terminal does not. Unfortunately, when the underlying terminal doesn't support setting the titlebar, screen simply passes through the escape codes and text to the underlying terminal instead of ignoring them. It is impossible detect and resolve this problem from inside fish since fish has no way of knowing what the underlying terminal type is. For now, the only way to fix this is to unset the titlebar message, as suggested above. -Note that fish has a default titlebar message, which will be used if -the fish_title function is undefined. So simply unsetting the -fish_title function will not work. +Note that fish has a default titlebar message, which will be used if the fish_title function is undefined. So simply unsetting the fish_title function will not work. <hr> \section faq-greeting How do I change the greeting message? -Change the value of the variable \c fish_greeting or create a \c fish_greeting -function. For example, to remove the greeting use: +Change the value of the variable `fish_greeting` or create a `fish_greeting` function. For example, to remove the greeting use: -<pre> +\fish set fish_greeting -</pre> +\endfish <hr> \section faq-history Why doesn't history substitution ("!$" etc.) work? -Because history substitution is an awkward interface that was invented before -interactive line editing was even possible. Fish drops it in favor of -perfecting the interactive history recall interface. Switching requires a -small change of habits: if you want to modify an old line/word, first recall -it, then edit. E.g. don't type "sudo !!" - first press Up, then Home, then -type "sudo ". +Because history substitution is an awkward interface that was invented before interactive line editing was even possible. Fish drops it in favor of perfecting the interactive history recall interface. Switching requires a small change of habits: if you want to modify an old line/word, first recall it, then edit. E.g. don't type "sudo !!" - first press Up, then Home, then type "sudo ". Fish history recall is very simple yet effective: - - As in any modern shell, the Up arrow recalls whole lines, starting from the last line executed. A single press replaces "!!", later presses replace "!-3" and the like. - - If the line you want is far back in the history, type any part of the line and then press Up one or more times. This will constrain the recall to lines that include this text, and you will get to the line you want much faster. This replaces "!vi", "!?bar.c" and the like. - - Alt+Up recalls individual arguments, starting from the last argument in the last line executed. A single press replaces "!$", later presses replace "!!:4" and the like. - - If the argument you want is far back in history (e.g. 2 lines back - that's a lot of words!), type any part of it and then press Alt+Up. This will show only arguments containing that part and you will get what you want much faster. Try it out, this is very convenient! - - If you want to reuse several arguments from the same line ("!!:3*" and the like), consider recalling the whole line and removing what you don't need (Alt+D and Alt+Backspace are your friends). +- As in any modern shell, the Up arrow, @cursor_key{↑,Up} recalls whole lines, starting from the last line executed. A single press replaces "!!", later presses replace "!-3" and the like. + - If the line you want is far back in the history, type any part of the line and then press Up one or more times. This will constrain the recall to lines that include this text, and you will get to the line you want much faster. This replaces "!vi", "!?bar.c" and the like. +- @key{Alt,↑,Up} recalls individual arguments, starting from the last argument in the last line executed. A single press replaces "!$", later presses replace "!!:4" and the like. + - If the argument you want is far back in history (e.g. 2 lines back - that's a lot of words!), type any part of it and then press @key{Alt,↑,Up}. This will show only arguments containing that part and you will get what you want much faster. Try it out, this is very convenient! + - If you want to reuse several arguments from the same line ("!!:3*" and the like), consider recalling the whole line and removing what you don't need (@key{Alt,D} and @key{Alt,Backspace} are your friends). See <a href='index.html#editor'>documentation</a> for more details about line editing in fish. @@ -258,19 +211,19 @@ See <a href='index.html#editor'>documentation</a> for more details about line ed \section faq-uninstalling Uninstalling fish -Should you wish to uninstall fish, first ensure fish is not set as your shell. Run <code>chsh -s /bin/bash</code> if you are not sure. +Should you wish to uninstall fish, first ensure fish is not set as your shell. Run `chsh -s /bin/bash` if you are not sure. Next, do the following (assuming fish was installed to /usr/local): -<pre> +\fish rm -Rf /usr/local/etc/fish /usr/local/share/fish ~/.config/fish rm /usr/local/share/man/man1/fish*.1 cd /usr/local/bin rm -f fish mimedb fishd fish_indent -</pre> - -*/ +\endfish -\htmlonly +\htmlonly[block] </div> \endhtmlonly + +*/
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc_src/fg.txt b/doc_src/fg.txt index 53b5154f..0e45df04 100644 --- a/doc_src/fg.txt +++ b/doc_src/fg.txt @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ \section fg fg - bring job to foreground \subsection fg-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>fg [PID]</tt> +\fish{syn} +fg [PID] +\endfish \subsection fg-description Description -\c fg brings the specified <a href="index.html#syntax-job-control">job</a> to the foreground, resuming it if it is stopped. While a foreground job is +`fg` brings the specified <a href="index.html#syntax-job-control">job</a> to the foreground, resuming it if it is stopped. While a foreground job is executed, fish is suspended. If no job is specified, the last job to be used is put in the foreground. If PID is specified, the job with the specified group ID is put in the foreground. The PID of the desired process is usually found by using <a href="index.html#expand-process">process expansion</a>. \subsection fg-example Example -<tt>fg \%1</tt> will put the job with job ID 1 in the foreground. +`fg %1` will put the job with job ID 1 in the foreground. diff --git a/doc_src/fish.txt b/doc_src/fish.txt index ed28cffd..27235f57 100644 --- a/doc_src/fish.txt +++ b/doc_src/fish.txt @@ -1,24 +1,26 @@ \section fish fish - the friendly interactive shell \subsection fish-synopsis Synopsis +\fish{syn} fish [-h] [-v] [-c command] [FILE [ARGUMENTS...]] +\endfish \subsection fish-description Description -\c fish is a command-line shell written mainly with interactive use in mind. The +`fish` is a command-line shell written mainly with interactive use in mind. The full manual is available <a href='index.html'>in HTML</a> by using the <a href='#help'>help</a> command from inside fish. The following options are available: -- <code>-c</code> or <code>--command=COMMANDS</code> evaluate the specified commands instead of reading from the commandline -- <code>-d</code> or <code>--debug-level=DEBUG_LEVEL</code> specify the verbosity level of fish. A higher number means higher verbosity. The default level is 1. -- <code>-h</code> or <code>--help</code> display help and exit -- <code>-i</code> or <code>--interactive</code> specify that fish is to run in interactive mode -- <code>-l</code> or <code>--login</code> specify that fish is to run as a login shell -- <code>-n</code> or <code>--no-execute</code> do not execute any commands, only perform syntax checking -- <code>-p</code> or <code>--profile=PROFILE_FILE</code> when fish exits, output timing information on all executed commands to the specified file -- <code>-v</code> or <code>--version</code> display version and exit +- `-c` or `--command=COMMANDS` evaluate the specified commands instead of reading from the commandline +- `-d` or `--debug-level=DEBUG_LEVEL` specify the verbosity level of fish. A higher number means higher verbosity. The default level is 1. +- `-h` or `--help` display help and exit +- `-i` or `--interactive` specify that fish is to run in interactive mode +- `-l` or `--login` specify that fish is to run as a login shell +- `-n` or `--no-execute` do not execute any commands, only perform syntax checking +- `-p` or `--profile=PROFILE_FILE` when fish exits, output timing information on all executed commands to the specified file +- `-v` or `--version` display version and exit The fish exit status is generally the exit status of the last foreground command. If fish is exiting because of a parse error, the diff --git a/doc_src/fish_config.txt b/doc_src/fish_config.txt index 777f2522..b0978942 100644 --- a/doc_src/fish_config.txt +++ b/doc_src/fish_config.txt @@ -2,21 +2,21 @@ \subsection fish_config-description Description -\c fish_config starts the web-based configuration interface. +`fish_config` starts the web-based configuration interface. The web interface allows you to view your functions, variables and history, and to make changes to your prompt and color configuration. -\c fish_config starts a local web server and then opens a web browser window; when +`fish_config` starts a local web server and then opens a web browser window; when you have finished, close the browser window and then press the Enter key to terminate the configuration session. -<code>fish_config</code> optionally accepts name of the initial configuration tab. For e.g. <code>fish_config history</code> will start configuration interface with history tab. +`fish_config` optionally accepts name of the initial configuration tab. For e.g. `fish_config history` will start configuration interface with history tab. -If the \c BROWSER environment variable is set, it will be used as the name +If the `BROWSER` environment variable is set, it will be used as the name of the web browser to open instead of the system default. \subsection fish_config-example Example -\c fish_config opens a new web browser window and allows you to configure certain +`fish_config` opens a new web browser window and allows you to configure certain fish settings. diff --git a/doc_src/fish_indent.txt b/doc_src/fish_indent.txt index c5daeace..761134ec 100644 --- a/doc_src/fish_indent.txt +++ b/doc_src/fish_indent.txt @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ \section fish_indent fish_indent - indenter and prettifier \subsection fish_indent-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>fish_indent [options]</tt> +\fish{syn} +fish_indent [options] +\endfish \subsection fish_indent-description Description -\c fish_indent is used to indent a piece of fish -code. \c fish_indent reads commands from standard input and outputs +`fish_indent` is used to indent a piece of fish +code. `fish_indent` reads commands from standard input and outputs them to standard output. The following options are available: -- <tt>-h</tt> or <tt>--help</tt> displays this help message and then exits -- <tt>-i</tt> or <tt>--no-indent</tt> do not indent commands -- <tt>-v</tt> or <tt>--version</tt> displays the current fish version and then exits +- `-h` or `--help` displays this help message and then exits +- `-i` or `--no-indent` do not indent commands +- `-v` or `--version` displays the current fish version and then exits diff --git a/doc_src/fish_lexicon_filter.in b/doc_src/fish_lexicon_filter.in new file mode 100644 index 00000000..60cde9be --- /dev/null +++ b/doc_src/fish_lexicon_filter.in @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ +#! @sed@ -f +#. +# A Doxygen filter for building Fish's lexicon, for documentation bling. +#. +# Written specially for Fish, the shell for the 90's, in sed, the state of the +# art text processor from the 70's. Who's sed? sed's dead, baby, sed's dead.* +# by Mark Griffiths <mark@thebespokepixel.com> *but quite portable +#. +# Finds /fish../endfish blocks in documentation source files and enhances +# markup. Requires that the short tags declared here are added to Doxyfiles as +# aliases i.e.: +#. +# Enhance for HTML Help pages (Doxyfile.user)… +# ALIASES = "fish=\htmlonly[block] \n<pre class=\"fish\">" +# ALIASES += "fish{1}=\htmlonly[block] \n<pre class=\"fish \1\">" +# ALIASES += "endfish=</pre>\endhtmlonly \n" +#. +# ALIASES += "blah{1}=<span class=\"comment\">\1</span>" +# ALIASES += "cmnd{1}=<span class=\"command\">\1</span>" and so on... +#. +# And simplify for man pages (Doxyfile.help)… +# ALIASES = "fish=<pre>" +# ALIASES += "fish{1}=<pre>" +# ALIASES += "endfish=</pre>" +#. +# ALIASES += "blah{1}=\1" +# ALIASES += "cmnd{1}=<em>\1</em>"... +#. +# Licensed under whatever terms are most compatible with Fish's GPLv2 license, +# bascially free to use/reuse/redistribute/laugh at/be inspired by. Don't +# pretend it's your code unless you've spent more late nights on it than me but +# if it saves you a late night, do what you can to help rebalance karma. If it +# doesn't work or breaks something, it's your fault for using it: if it seems +# to work it's more likely a hallucination than anything based in reality. +#. +# Pattern flow control for scanning doc.h +/\\fish/,/\\endfish/ { + # Open \fish block + /^\\fish$/b + /^\\fish{[^}]*}$/b + /^\\fish.*$/ { + s/^\\fish// + s/\\endfish// + b process + } + # Output blank lines + /^$/b + # Inside \fish block. Process... + /\\endfish/!{ + # Preprocess HTML and HTML-like formatting + /<[^>]*>/ { + b html + } + # Process the rest + b process + } + # End block + /\\endfish/b +} +/style/b styles +#. +# This is not the pattern we're looking for +b +#. +# Sets CSS styles according to fish defaults. +#. +# Used for building the documentation's CSS file +#. +:processstyle +#. Make Hex uniform +s/0x//g +/[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]*/ { + y/ABCDEF/abcdef/ + s/^[0-9a-f]/#&/ +} +#. +# Set simple styles +#. +s/bold/font-weight:bold;/ +#. +# Replace named colours (taken from color.cpp) +#. +s/black/#000/ +s/red/#f00/ +s/green/#0f0/ +s/brown/#725000/ +s/yellow/#ff0/ +s/blue/#00f/ +s/magenta/#f0f/ +s/purple/#f0f/ +s/cyan/#0ff/ +s/white/#fff/ +s/normal/#fff text-decoration:none; border-bottom:none; font-weight:normal;/ +#. +/background/ { + s/background=\(#[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\)/background-color: \1;/ +} +/underline/ { + s/^\(#[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*\).*$/\1 border-bottom: 2px solid \1;/ + s/^underline$/text-decoration: underline;/ +} +# If we start with just a colour, make it explicit. +s/^#[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/color: &;/ +#. +# All done, return CSS style content +b +# Process any HTML tags. +# Structured to reduce sed's greediness. +:html +# Spans +s|<span style=['"]\([^'"][^'"]*\)">|@span{\1,| +s|<span class=['"]\([^'"][^'"]*\)">|@spcl{\1,| +s|</span>|}| +t html +#. +# Bold +s|<b>|@bold{| +s|<b [^>]*>|@bold{| +s|</b>|}| +#. +# Strong +s|<strong>|@bold{| +s|<strong [^>]*>|@bold{| +s|</strong>|}| +#. +# Italic +s|<i>|@emph{| +s|<i [^>]*>|@emph{| +s|</i>|}| +#. +# Emphasis +s|<em>|@emph{| +s|<em [^>]*>|@emph{| +s|</em>|}| +#. +# Underline +s|<u>|@undr{| +s|<u [^>]*>|@undr{| +s|</u>|}| +t html +#. +# Some handy non-standard extensions +# Autosuggestion +s|<s>|@sgst{| +s|<s [^>]*>|@sgst{| +s|</s>|}| +#. +# Error +s|<error>|@eror{| +s|<error [^>]*>|@eror{| +s|</error>|}| +#. +# File declaration +s|<file>|@fsfo{| +s|<file [^>]*>|@fsfo{| +s|</file>|}| +#. +# AsIs - protect from auto-formatting +s|<asis>|@asis{| +s|</asis>|}| +t html +#. +# Clean other unhandled html +s|<\([A-Za-z][A-Za-z]*\)[^>]*>\([^<]*\)</\1>|\2| +t html +#. +# Start processing entities +:process +#. +# Comments: +# Capture full line comments +/^#.*$/ { + # Assume any line starting with a # is complete + s//@blah{&}/ + t +} +# Match sub-line comments +/#[^0-9A-Za-z][ ]*.*$/ { + # Assume comment finishes a line + s//@blah{&}/ + t +} +#. +# Protected entities These shouldn't allow nested structure, so we move them +# to a marked, new line for a future extract/process/insert action. +#. +# AsIs block - resists formatting. +s/@asis{\(.*\)}/\\\ +<@asis{\1}\ +/g +#. +# String Literals +s/"\([^"]*\)"/\\\ +<@dblq{\1}\ +/g +s/'\([^']*\)'/\\\ +<@sglq{\1}\ +/g +#. +# Command/Function options +# Short options +s/-\([A-Za-z]\)\([^A-Za-z}]\)/\\\ +<@opts{-\1}\ +\2/g +#. +# Long options +s/--\([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9=_-]*\)\([^A-Za-z0-9]\)/\\\ +<@opts{--\1}\ +\2/g +#. +# Paths +# Normal Directory +s|\([^/~A-Za-z0-9]\)\([~/][/]*\)\([A-Za-z_0-9./-]*\)|\1\\\ +<@path{\2\3}\ +|g +#. +b protect +# Tidy up. Merge back 'pure' entities from hold space. +:tidy +#. +# Uncomment the following 2 lines (ss) to log the pattern buffer. +# s/^.*$/PATT: &/w debug-lexicon.log +# s/^PATT: // +#. +# Uncomment the following 4 lines (xssx) to log the hold buffer. +# x +# s/^.*$/HOLD: &/w debug-lexicon.log +# s/^HOLD: // +# x +#. +# Tack the hold space to the end of the pattern buffer. +G +#. +# Uncomment the folowing two lines (ss) to log the buffer join. +s/^.*$/JOIN: &/w debug-lexicon.log +s/^JOIN: // +#. +# Iterate over alternate lines, matching '<' to '\' +:join +s,\([^\\ ]*\)\\\n\([^<]*\)<\(@[^}]*[}\\]\)[\n]*,\1\3\2, +t join +# Clean up stray new lines +s/\n//g +#. +# Clean up special cases +#. +/@redr/{ + :cleanredr + s/\(redr{[^@]*\)@cmnd{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + s/\(redr{[^@]*\)@func{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + s/\(redr{[^@]*\)@sbin{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + s/\(redr{[^@]*\)@fsfo{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + t cleanredr +} +/@fsfo/{ + :cleanfsfo + s/\(fsfo{[^@]*\)@cmnd{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + s/\(fsfo{[^@]*\)@func{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + s/\(fsfo{[^@]*\)@sbin{\([^}]*\)}/\1\2/ + t cleanfsfo +} +# Character Entities +#. +# Mark up a few sesitive characters. +#. +s/</\</g +s/>/\>/g +#. +# Uncomment the folowing two lines (ss) to log the final output, sent to Doxygen. +# s/^.*$/OUT : &/w debug-lexicon.log +# s/^OUT : // +#. +# Lines are reassembled, so branch to end +b +#. +# Move protected content to hold space and mark up other entities. +:protect +h +# Clear out any content that has already been marked up, to prevent futher +# markup on words that should be left alone. +#. +:patternflush +s/\n<@[^}]*}// +s/\n[}]// +t patternflush +s/\n$// +#. +# Swap the pattern and hold buffers and remove unmarked lines and extra +# characters. Basically the inverse of the 'patternflush' action, with +# additional trailing characters stripped. +x +s/^[ ]*[^<][^@][^}]*$// +s/^[ ]*[^<][^@][^\\]*[\\ ()]*\n// +:holdflush +s/}[)(\\ ][)(\\ ]*/}/ +s/\n[];)|* ][^\\]*[\\]*// +t holdflush +s/\n$// +#. +# Swap the buffers back. +x +#. +# A special case. Tidy up after commands. +# Redirectors +s/\([^{|] *\)|/\1@redr{|}/g +s/\([^{<>^] *\)\([0-9]* *[<>^][<>^]*[a-zA-z0-9._-]*\)/\1@redr{\2}/g +s/\\}/}\\/g +#. +# Now we can add in 'unsafe' entities that would be too greedy. +# Declared Variables +#:vars +s/\([$%][$%]*\)\([A-Za-z_0-9][A-Za-z_0-9]*\)/@vars{@optr{\1}\2}/g +#. +# Files +s/\([A-Za-z*][A-Za-z]*\.[a-z0-9][a-z0-9]*\)/@fsfo{\1}/g +#. +# Operators +# s/\([^^=|+*&%<>{-]\)\([=|+*&%<>^-][|+*&%<>^-]*\)\([^0-9A-Za-z]\)/\1@optr{\2}\3/g +#. +:commands +#. +# Manually add a few commands not harvested from source. +#. +s,[[:<:]]in[[:>:]],@cmnd{in},g +s,[[:<:]]whoami[[:>:]],@sbin{whoami},g +s,[[:<:]]fishd[[:>:]],@sbin{fishd},g +#. +#### This section is built in the Makefile. Just some formatting examples. ##### +#. +# fish commands (cmnd) <- 4 character code that has a Doxygen alias counterpart +# template : s/[[:<:]]function[[:>:]]/@cmnd{&}/ +#. +# s,[[:<:]]function[[:>:]],@cmnd{function},g +# s,[[:<:]]begin[[:>:]],@cmnd{begin},g +# ... +#. +# fish functions (func) +# Populated by 'public' functions' filename. +#. +# s,[[:<:]]fish_pwd[[:>:]],@func{fish_pwd},g +# s,[[:<:]]fish_prompt[[:>:]],@func{fish_prompt},g +# ... +#. +# Shell Binary (sbin) +# Populated from completion filenames +#. +# s,[[:<:]]seq[[:>:]],@sbin{seq},g +# s,[[:<:]]rm[[:>:]],@sbin{rm},g +# ... +#. +# Color Variable (clrv) +# Populated from __fish_config_interactive.fish +# Allows fish's 'special' color variables to be identified +#. +# s,[[:<:]]fish_color_normal[[:>:]],@clrv{fish_color_normal},g +# s,[[:<:]]fish_color_command[[:>:]],@clrv{fish_color_command},g +#. +# Once all of the commands/functions/variables/special's have been marked up, +# branch back to tidy up and collapse the pattern/hold buffers back to a +# single line. +#. +# b tidy +#. +# Colour lookup functions +#. +# The Makefile will add a table of colour names and values, possibly with +# extra style information, that are used to set defaults in the CSS file. diff --git a/doc_src/fish_prompt.txt b/doc_src/fish_prompt.txt index 5cf5abf9..cecc338d 100644 --- a/doc_src/fish_prompt.txt +++ b/doc_src/fish_prompt.txt @@ -1,28 +1,31 @@ \section fish_prompt fish_prompt - define the appearance of the command line prompt \subsection fish_prompt-synopsis Synopsis -<pre>function fish_prompt +\fish{syn} +function fish_prompt ... -end</pre> +end +\endfish + \subsection fish_prompt-description Description -By defining the \c fish_prompt function, the user can choose a custom -prompt. The \c fish_prompt function is executed when the prompt is to +By defining the `fish_prompt` function, the user can choose a custom +prompt. The `fish_prompt` function is executed when the prompt is to be shown, and the output is used as a prompt. -The exit status of commands within \c fish_prompt will not modify the value of <a href="index.html#variables-status">$status</a> outside of the \c fish_prompt function. +The exit status of commands within `fish_prompt` will not modify the value of <a href="index.html#variables-status">$status</a> outside of the `fish_prompt` function. -\c fish ships with a number of example prompts that can be chosen with the -\c fish_config command. +`fish` ships with a number of example prompts that can be chosen with the +`fish_config` command. \subsection fish_prompt-example Example A simple prompt: -<pre> +\fish function fish_prompt -d "Write out the prompt" - printf '\%s\@\%s\%s\%s\%s> ' (whoami) (hostname|cut -d . -f 1) (set_color \$fish_color_cwd) (prompt_pwd) (set_color normal) + printf '%s@%s%s%s%s> ' (whoami) (hostname|cut -d . -f 1) (set_color $fish_color_cwd) (prompt_pwd) (set_color normal) end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/fish_right_prompt.txt b/doc_src/fish_right_prompt.txt index afe0750a..15f1f95b 100644 --- a/doc_src/fish_right_prompt.txt +++ b/doc_src/fish_right_prompt.txt @@ -1,23 +1,24 @@ \section fish_right_prompt fish_right_prompt - define the appearance of the right-side command line prompt \subsection fish_right_prompt-synopsis Synopsis -<pre>function fish_right_prompt +\fish{syn} +function fish_right_prompt ... -end</pre> +end +\endfish \subsection fish_right_prompt-description Description -\c fish_right_prompt is similar to \c fish_prompt, except that it appears on the right side of the terminal window. +`fish_right_prompt` is similar to `fish_prompt`, except that it appears on the right side of the terminal window. -Multiple lines are not supported in \c fish_right_prompt. +Multiple lines are not supported in `fish_right_prompt`. -\subsection fish_prompt-example Example +\subsection fish_right_prompt-example Example A simple right prompt: - -<pre> +\fish function fish_right_prompt -d "Write out the right prompt" date "+%m/%d/%y" end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/fish_update_completions.txt b/doc_src/fish_update_completions.txt index cff5ce0b..684dac0d 100644 --- a/doc_src/fish_update_completions.txt +++ b/doc_src/fish_update_completions.txt @@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ \subsection fish_update_completions-description Description -\c fish_update_completions parses manual pages installed on the system, and attempts to create completion files in the \c fish configuration directory. +`fish_update_completions` parses manual pages installed on the system, and attempts to create completion files in the `fish` configuration directory. This does not overwrite custom completions. -There are no parameters for <code>fish_update_completions</code>. +There are no parameters for `fish_update_completions`. diff --git a/doc_src/for.txt b/doc_src/for.txt index 67a46fc3..902f4495 100644 --- a/doc_src/for.txt +++ b/doc_src/for.txt @@ -1,25 +1,23 @@ \section for for - perform a set of commands multiple times. \subsection for-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>for VARNAME in [VALUES...]; COMMANDS...; end</tt> +\fish{syn} +for VARNAME in [VALUES...]; COMMANDS...; end +\endfish \subsection for-description Description -<tt>for</tt> is a loop construct. It will perform the commands specified by -\c COMMANDS multiple times. On each iteration, the environment variable specified by -\c VARNAME is assigned a new value from \c VALUES. If \c VALUES is empty, \c COMMANDS will +`for` is a loop construct. It will perform the commands specified by +`COMMANDS` multiple times. On each iteration, the environment variable specified by +`VARNAME` is assigned a new value from `VALUES`. If `VALUES` is empty, `COMMANDS` will not be executed at all. \subsection for-example Example +\fish +for i in foo bar baz; echo $i; end -The command - -<tt>for i in foo bar baz; echo $i; end</tt> - -would output: - -<pre> +# would output: foo bar baz -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/funced.txt b/doc_src/funced.txt index 8b070b97..82f2cd63 100644 --- a/doc_src/funced.txt +++ b/doc_src/funced.txt @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ \section funced funced - edit a function interactively \subsection funced-synopsis Synopsis - <code>funced [OPTIONS] NAME</code> +\fish{syn} +funced [OPTIONS] NAME +\endfish \subsection funced-description Description -\c funced provides an interface to edit the definition of the function -<code>NAME</code>. +`funced` provides an interface to edit the definition of the function +`NAME`. -If the \c $EDITOR environment variable is set, it will be used as the program +If the `$EDITOR` environment variable is set, it will be used as the program to edit the function. Otherwise, a built-in editor will be used. -If there is no function called \c NAME a new function will be created with +If there is no function called `NAME` a new function will be created with the specified name -- <code>-e command</code> or <code>--editor command</code> Open the function +- `-e command` or `--editor command` Open the function body inside the text editor given by the command (for example, "vi"). The command 'fish' will use the built-in editor. -- <code>-i</code> or <code>--interactive</code> Open function body in the +- `-i` or `--interactive` Open function body in the built-in editor. diff --git a/doc_src/funcsave.txt b/doc_src/funcsave.txt index c81961bf..fd4b5d87 100644 --- a/doc_src/funcsave.txt +++ b/doc_src/funcsave.txt @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ \section funcsave funcsave - save the definition of a function to the user's autoload directory \subsection funcsave-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>funcsave FUNCTION_NAME</tt> +\fish{syn} +funcsave FUNCTION_NAME +\endfish \subsection funcsave-description Description -\c funcsave saves the current definition of a function to +`funcsave` saves the current definition of a function to a file in the fish configuration directory. This function will be automatically -loaded by current and future fish -sessions. This can be useful if you have interactively created a new -function and wish to save it for later use. +loaded by current and future fish sessions. This can be useful if you have interactively +created a new function and wish to save it for later use. diff --git a/doc_src/function.txt b/doc_src/function.txt index cadc0d26..0f3b4fb0 100644 --- a/doc_src/function.txt +++ b/doc_src/function.txt @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ \section function function - create a function \subsection function-synopsis Synopsis - <code>function [OPTIONS] NAME; BODY; end </code> +\fish{syn} +function [OPTIONS] NAME; BODY; end +\endfish \subsection function-description Description -\c function creates a new function \c NAME with the body <code>BODY</code>. +`function` creates a new function `NAME` with the body `BODY`. A function is a list of commands that will be executed when the name of the function is given as a command. @@ -24,38 +26,38 @@ The following options are available: If the user enters any additional arguments after the function, they are inserted into the environment <a href="index.html#variables-arrays">variable array</a> -<code>$argv</code>. If the \c --argument-names option is provided, the arguments are +`$argv`. If the `--argument-names` option is provided, the arguments are also assigned to names specified in that option. By using one of the event handler switches, a function can be made to run automatically at specific events. The user may generate new events using the <a href="#emit">emit</a> builtin. Fish generates the following named events: -- \c fish_prompt, which is emitted whenever a new fish prompt is about to be displayed. -- \c fish_command_not_found, which is emitted whenever a command lookup failed. +- `fish_prompt`, which is emitted whenever a new fish prompt is about to be displayed. +- `fish_command_not_found`, which is emitted whenever a command lookup failed. \subsection function-example Example -<pre> +\fish function ll - ls -l $argv + ls -l $argv end -</pre> +\endfish -will run the \c ls command, using the \c -l option, while passing on any additional files and switches to \c ls. +will run the `ls` command, using the `-l` option, while passing on any additional files and switches to `ls`. -<pre> +\fish function mkdir -d "Create a directory and set CWD" - command mkdir $argv - if test $status = 0 - switch $argv[(count $argv)] - case '-*' - - case '*' - cd $argv[(count $argv)] - return - end - end + command mkdir $argv + if test $status = 0 + switch $argv[(count $argv)] + case '-*' + + case '*' + cd $argv[(count $argv)] + return + end + end end -</pre> +\endfish will run the mkdir command, and if it is successful, change the current working directory to the one just created. diff --git a/doc_src/functions.txt b/doc_src/functions.txt index c1f0115e..048ee93e 100644 --- a/doc_src/functions.txt +++ b/doc_src/functions.txt @@ -1,51 +1,53 @@ \section functions functions - print or erase functions -\subsection function-synopsis Synopsis -<pre>functions [-n] +\subsection functions-synopsis Synopsis +\fish{syn} +functions [-a|--all] [-n|--names] functions -c OLDNAME NEWNAME functions -d DESCRIPTION FUNCTION -functions [-eq] FUNCTIONS...</pre> +functions [-eq] FUNCTIONS... +\endfish \subsection functions-description Description -\c functions prints or erases functions. +`functions` prints or erases functions. The following options are available: -- <code>-a</code> or <code>--all</code> lists all functions, even those whose name start with an underscore. -- <code>-c OLDNAME NEWNAME</code> or <code>--copy OLDNAME NEWNAME</code> creates a new function named NEWNAME, using the definition of the OLDNAME function. -- <code>-d DESCRIPTION</code> or <code>--description=DESCRIPTION</code> changes the description of this function. -- <code>-e</code> or <code>--erase</code> causes the specified functions to be erased. -- <code>-h</code> or <code>--help</code> displays a help message and exits. -- <code>-n</code> or <code>--names</code> lists the names of all defined functions. -- <code>-q</code> or <code>--query</code> tests if the specified functions exist. +- `-a` or `--all` lists all functions, even those whose name start with an underscore. +- `-c OLDNAME NEWNAME` or `--copy OLDNAME NEWNAME` creates a new function named NEWNAME, using the definition of the OLDNAME function. +- `-d DESCRIPTION` or `--description=DESCRIPTION` changes the description of this function. +- `-e` or `--erase` causes the specified functions to be erased. +- `-h` or `--help` displays a help message and exits. +- `-n` or `--names` lists the names of all defined functions. +- `-q` or `--query` tests if the specified functions exist. -The default behavior of <code>functions</code>, when called with no arguments, -is to print the names of all defined functions. Unless the \c -a option is +The default behavior of `functions`, when called with no arguments, +is to print the names of all defined functions. Unless the `-a` option is given, no functions starting with underscores are not included in the output. If any non-option parameters are given, the definition of the specified functions are printed. -Automatically loaded functions cannot be removed using <code>functions --e</code>. Either remove the definition file or change the +Automatically loaded functions cannot be removed using `functions +-e`. Either remove the definition file or change the $fish_function_path variable to remove autoloaded functions. -Copying a function using \c -c copies only the body of the function, and +Copying a function using `-c` copies only the body of the function, and does not attach any event notifications from the original function. Only one function's description can be changed in a single invocation -of <code>functions -d</code>. +of `functions -d`. -The exit status of \c functions is the number of functions +The exit status of `functions` is the number of functions specified in the argument list that do not exist, which can be used in -concert with the \c -q option. +concert with the `-q` option. \subsection functions-example Examples -<code>functions -n</code> displays a list of currently-defined functions. +`functions -n` displays a list of currently-defined functions. -<code>functions -c foo bar</code> copies the \c foo function to a new function called -<code>bar</code>. +`functions -c foo bar` copies the `foo` function to a new function called +`bar`. -<code>functions -e bar</code> erases the function <code>bar</code>. +`functions -e bar` erases the function `bar`. diff --git a/doc_src/help.txt b/doc_src/help.txt index c4c05382..a3375204 100644 --- a/doc_src/help.txt +++ b/doc_src/help.txt @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ \section help help - display fish documentation \subsection help-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>help [SECTION]</tt> +\fish{syn} +help [SECTION] +\endfish \subsection help-description Description -\c help displays the fish help documentation. +`help` displays the fish help documentation. -If a \c SECTION is specified, the help for that command is shown. +If a `SECTION` is specified, the help for that command is shown. If the BROWSER environment variable is set, it will be used to display the documentation. Otherwise, fish will search for a suitable browser. Note that most builtin commands display their help in the terminal when -given the <tt>--help</tt> option. +given the `--help` option. \subsection help-example Example -<tt>help fg</tt> shows the documentation for the \c fg builtin. +`help fg` shows the documentation for the `fg` builtin. diff --git a/doc_src/history.txt b/doc_src/history.txt index 8545361d..1edddd64 100644 --- a/doc_src/history.txt +++ b/doc_src/history.txt @@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ history (--search | --delete ) (--prefix "prefix string" | --contains "search st \subsection history-description Description -\c history is used to list, search and delete the history of commands used. +`history` is used to list, search and delete the history of commands used. The following options are available: -- \c --save saves all changes in the history file. The shell automatically +- `--save` saves all changes in the history file. The shell automatically saves the history file; this option is provided for internal use. -- \c --clear clears the history file. A prompt is displayed before the history +- `--clear` clears the history file. A prompt is displayed before the history is erased. - \c --merge immediately incorporates history changes from other sessions. Ordinarily fish ignores history changes from sessions started after the current one. This command @@ -24,24 +24,24 @@ applies those changes immediately. - \c --delete deletes history items. - \c --prefix searches or deletes items in the history that begin with the specified text string. -- \c --contains searches or deletes items in the history that contain the +- `--contains` searches or deletes items in the history that contain the specified text string. -If \c --search is specified without \c --contains or <code>--prefix</code>, -\c --contains will be assumed. +If `--search` is specified without `--contains` or `--prefix`, +`--contains` will be assumed. -If \c --delete is specified without \c --contains or <code>--prefix</code>, +If `--delete` is specified without `--contains` or `--prefix`, only a history item which exactly matches the parameter will be erased. No -prompt will be given. If \c --delete is specified with either of these +prompt will be given. If `--delete` is specified with either of these parameters, an interactive prompt will be displayed before any items are deleted. \subsection history-examples Example -<code>history --clear</code> deletes all history items +`history --clear` deletes all history items -<code>history --search --contains "foo"</code> outputs a list of all previous +`history --search --contains "foo"` outputs a list of all previous commands containing the string "foo". -<code>history --delete --prefix "foo"</code> interactively deletes the record +`history --delete --prefix "foo"` interactively deletes the record of previous commands which start with "foo". diff --git a/doc_src/if.txt b/doc_src/if.txt index 94d2763a..38054c37 100644 --- a/doc_src/if.txt +++ b/doc_src/if.txt @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ \section if if - conditionally execute a command \subsection if-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>if CONDITION; COMMANDS_TRUE...; [else if CONDITION2; COMMANDS_TRUE2...;] [else; COMMANDS_FALSE...;] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +if CONDITION; COMMANDS_TRUE...; [else if CONDITION2; COMMANDS_TRUE2...;] [else; COMMANDS_FALSE...;] end +\endfish \subsection if-description Description -<tt>if</tt> will execute the command \c CONDITION. If the condition's -exit status is 0, the commands \c COMMANDS_TRUE will execute. If the -exit status is not 0 and <tt>else</tt> is given, \c COMMANDS_FALSE will +`if` will execute the command `CONDITION`. If the condition's +exit status is 0, the commands `COMMANDS_TRUE` will execute. If the +exit status is not 0 and `else` is given, `COMMANDS_FALSE` will be executed. In order to use the exit status of multiple commands as the condition -of an if block, use <a href="#begin"><tt>begin; ...; end</tt></a> and -the short circuit commands <a href="commands.html#and"><tt>and</tt></a> -and <a href="commands.html#or"><tt>or</tt></a>. +of an if block, use <a href="#begin">`begin; ...; end`</a> and +the short circuit commands <a href="commands.html#and">`and`</a> +and <a href="commands.html#or">`or`</a>. The exit status of the last foreground command to exit can always be accessed using the <a href="index.html#variables-status">$status</a> @@ -21,16 +23,18 @@ variable. \subsection if-example Example -<pre> +\fish if test -f foo.txt - echo foo.txt exists + echo foo.txt exists else if test -f bar.txt - echo bar.txt exists + echo bar.txt exists else - echo foo.txt and bar.txt do not exist + echo foo.txt and bar.txt do not exist end -</pre>will print <tt>foo.txt exists</tt> if the file foo.txt +\endfish + +will print `foo.txt exists` if the file foo.txt exists and is a regular file, otherwise it will print -<tt>bar.txt exists</tt> if the file bar.txt exists +`bar.txt exists` if the file bar.txt exists and is a regular file, otherwise it will print -<tt>foo.txt and bar.txt do not exist</tt>. +`foo.txt and bar.txt do not exist`. diff --git a/doc_src/index.hdr.in b/doc_src/index.hdr.in index 458930f8..2555ca08 100644 --- a/doc_src/index.hdr.in +++ b/doc_src/index.hdr.in @@ -1,159 +1,123 @@ -/** \mainpage Fish user documentation - -\htmlonly <div class="fish_left_bar"> \endhtmlonly +/** \mainpage Documentation +\htmlonly[block] +<div class="fish_left_bar"> +<div class="menu docs_menu"> +\endhtmlonly @toc@ -\htmlonly </div> \endhtmlonly -\htmlonly -<div class="fish_right_bar"> +\htmlonly[block] +</div> +</div> +<div class="docs fish_right_bar"> +<h1 class="interior_title">Documentation</h1> \endhtmlonly + \section introduction Introduction -This is the documentation for \c fish, the friendly interactive -shell. \c fish is a user friendly commandline shell intended -mostly for interactive use. A shell is a program used to execute other -programs. For the latest information on \c fish, please visit the <a -href="http://fishshell.com/"><code>fish</code> homepage</a>. +This is the documentation for `fish`, the friendly interactive shell. `fish` is a user friendly commandline shell intended mostly for interactive use. A shell is a program used to execute other programs. For the latest information on `fish`, please visit the <a href="http://fishshell.com/">`fish` homepage</a>. + \section syntax Syntax overview -Shells like fish are used by giving them commands. Every \c fish -command follows the same simple syntax. +Shells like fish are used by giving them commands. Every `fish` command follows the same simple syntax. -A command is executed by writing the name of the command followed by -any arguments. +A command is executed by writing the name of the command followed by any arguments. Example: -<code>echo hello world</code> +\fish +echo hello world +\endfish -calls the \c echo command. \c echo is a command which will write its -arguments to the screen. In the example above, the output will be -'hello world'. Everything in fish is done with commands. There are -commands for performing a set of commands multiple times, commands for -assigning variables, commands for treating a group of commands as a -single command, etc.. And every single command follows the same simple -syntax. +calls the `echo` command. `echo` is a command which will write its arguments to the screen. In the example above, the output will be 'hello world'. Everything in fish is done with commands. There are commands for performing a set of commands multiple times, commands for assigning variables, commands for treating a group of commands as a single command, etc.. And every single command follows the same simple syntax. -If you want to find out more about the echo command used above, read -the manual page for the echo command by writing: +If you want to find out more about the echo command used above, read the manual page for the echo command by writing: `man echo` -<code>man echo</code> +`man` is a command for displaying a manual page on a given topic. The man command takes the name of the manual page to display as an argument. There are manual pages for almost every command on most computers. There are also manual pages for many other things, such as system libraries and important files. -\c man is a command for displaying a manual page on a given topic. The -man command takes the name of the manual page to display as an -argument. There are manual pages for almost every command on most -computers. There are also manual pages for many other things, such as -system libraries and important files. - -Every program on your computer can be used as a command in \c fish. If -the program file is located in one of the directories in the <a -href="#variables-special">PATH</a>, it is sufficient to type the name -of the program to use it. Otherwise the whole filename, including the -directory (like \c /home/me/code/checkers/checkers or <code>../checkers</code>) -has to be used. +Every program on your computer can be used as a command in `fish`. If the program file is located in one of the directories in the <a href="#variables-special"><b>`PATH`</b></a>, it is sufficient to type the name of the program to use it. Otherwise the whole filename, including the directory (like `/home/me/code/checkers/checkers` or `../checkers`) has to be used. Here is a list of some useful commands: -- \c cd, change the current directory -- \c ls, list files and directories -- \c man, display a manual page on the screen -- \c mv, move (rename) files -- \c cp, copy files -- \c open, open files with the default application associated with each filetype -- \c less, list the contents of files - -Commands and parameters are separated by the space character -( ). Every command ends with either a newline (i.e. by pressing -the return key) or a semicolon (;). More than one command can be -written on the same line by separating them with semicolons. - -A switch is a very common special type of argument. Switches almost -always start with one or more hyphens (-) and alter the way a command -operates. For example, the \c ls command usually lists all the files -and directories in the current working directory, but by using the \c --l switch, the behavior of ls is changed to not only display the -filename, but also the size, permissions, owner and modification time -of each file. Switches differ between commands and are documented in -the manual page for each command. Some switches are common to most -command though, for example '--help' will usually display a help text, -'-i' will often turn on interactive prompting before taking action, -while '-f' will turn it off. +- `cd`, change the current directory +- `ls`, list files and directories +- `man`, display a manual page on the screen +- `mv`, move (rename) files +- `cp`, copy files +- `open`, open files with the default application associated with each filetype +- `less`, list the contents of files + +Commands and parameters are separated by the space character ' '. Every command ends with either a newline (i.e. by pressing the return key) or a semicolon '`;`'. More than one command can be written on the same line by separating them with semicolons. + +A switch is a very common special type of argument. Switches almost always start with one or more hyphens '`-`' and alter the way a command operates. For example, the '`ls`' command usually lists all the files and directories in the current working directory, but by using the '`-l`' switch, the behavior of '`ls`' is changed to not only display the filename, but also the size, permissions, owner and modification time of each file. + +Switches differ between commands and are documented in the manual page for each command. Some switches are common to most command though, for example '`--help`' will usually display a help text, '`-i`' will often turn on interactive prompting before taking action, while '`-f`' will turn it off. + \subsection quotes Quotes -Sometimes features such as <a href="#expand">parameter expansion</a> -and <a href="#escapes">character escapes</a> get in the way. When that -happens, the user can write a parameter within quotes, either ' -(single quote) or " (double quote). There is one important difference -between single quoted and double quoted strings: When using double -quoted string, <a href='#expand-variable'>variable expansion</a> still -takes place. Other than that, a quoted parameter will not be parameter -expanded, may contain spaces, and escape sequences are ignored. The -only backslash escape accepted within single quotes is \\', which -escapes a single quote and \\\\, which escapes the backslash -symbol. The only backslash escapes accepted within double quotes are -\\", which escapes a double quote, \\$, which escapes a dollar -character, \\ followed by a newline, which deletes the backslash -and the newline, and lastly \\\\, which escapes the backslash symbol. -Single quotes have no special meaning within double quotes and vice versa. +Sometimes features such as <a href="#expand">parameter expansion</a> and <a href="#escapes">character escapes</a> get in the way. When that happens, the user can write a parameter within quotes, either `'` (single quote) or `"` (double quote). There is one important difference between single quoted and double quoted strings: When using double quoted string, <a href="#expand-variable">variable expansion</a> still takes place. Other than that, a quoted parameter will not be parameter expanded, may contain spaces, and escape sequences are ignored. The only backslash escape accepted within single quotes is `\'`, which escapes a single quote and `\\`, which escapes the backslash symbol. The only backslash escapes accepted within double quotes are `\"`, which escapes a double quote, `\$`, which escapes a dollar character, `\` followed by a newline, which deletes the backslash and the newline, and lastly `\\`, which escapes the backslash symbol. Single quotes have no special meaning within double quotes and vice versa. Example: -<code>rm "cumbersome filename.txt"</code> +\fish +rm "cumbersome filename.txt" +\endfish Will remove the file 'cumbersome filename.txt', while -<code>rm cumbersome filename.txt</code> +\fish +rm <asis>cumbersome filename.txt</asis> +\endfish would remove the two files 'cumbersome' and 'filename.txt'. + \subsection escapes Escaping characters -Some characters can not be written directly on the command line. For -these characters, so called escape sequences are provided. These are: - -- <code>'\\a'</code> escapes the alert character -- <code>'\\b'</code> escapes the backspace character -- <code>'\\e'</code> escapes the escape character -- <code>'\\f'</code> escapes the form feed character -- <code>'\\n'</code> escapes a newline character -- <code>'\\r'</code> escapes the carriage return character -- <code>'\\t'</code> escapes the tab character -- <code>'\\v'</code> escapes the vertical tab character -- <code>'\\ '</code> escapes the space character -- <code>'\\$'</code> escapes the dollar character -- <code>'\\\\'</code> escapes the backslash character -- <code>'\\*'</code> escapes the star character -- <code>'\\?'</code> escapes the question mark character -- <code>'\\~'</code> escapes the tilde character -- <code>'\\%%'</code> escapes the percent character -- <code>'\\#'</code> escapes the hash character -- <code>'\\('</code> escapes the left parenthesis character -- <code>'\\)'</code> escapes the right parenthesis character -- <code>'\\{'</code> escapes the left curly bracket character -- <code>'\\}'</code> escapes the right curly bracket character -- <code>'\\['</code> escapes the left bracket character -- <code>'\\]'</code> escapes the right bracket character -- <code>'\\\<'</code> escapes the less than character -- <code>'\\\>'</code> escapes the more than character -- <code>'\\^'</code> escapes the circumflex character -- <code>'\\&'</code> escapes the ampersand character -- <code>'\\;'</code> escapes the semicolon character -- <code>'\\"'</code> escapes the quote character -- <code>'\\''</code> escapes the apostrophe character -- <code>'\\x<i>xx</i>'</code>, where <code><i>xx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes the ascii character with the specified value. For example, \\x9 is the tab character. -- <code>'\\X<i>xx</i>'</code>, where <code><i>xx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes a byte of data with the specified value. If you are using a mutibyte encoding, this can be used to enter invalid strings. Only use this if you know what you are doing. -- <code>'\\<i>ooo</i>'</code>, where <code><i>ooo</i></code> is an octal number, escapes the ascii character with the specified value. For example, \\011 is the tab character. -- <code>'\\u<i>xxxx</i>'</code>, where <code><i>xxxx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes the 16-bit Unicode character with the specified value. For example, \\u9 is the tab character. -- <code>'\\U<i>xxxxxxxx</i>'</code>, where <code><i>xxxxxxxx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes the 32-bit Unicode character with the specified value. For example, \\U9 is the tab character. -- <code>'\\c<i>x</i>'</code>, where <code><i>x</i></code> is a letter of the alphabet, escapes the control sequence generated by pressing the control key and the specified letter. For example, \\ci is the tab character +Some characters can not be written directly on the command line. For these characters, so called escape sequences are provided. These are: + +- '<code>\\a</code>' escapes the alert character +- '<code>\\b</code>' escapes the backspace character +- '<code>\\e</code>' escapes the escape character +- '<code>\\f</code>' escapes the form feed character +- '<code>\\n</code>' escapes a newline character +- '<code>\\r</code>' escapes the carriage return character +- '<code>\\t</code>' escapes the tab character +- '<code>\\v</code>' escapes the vertical tab character +- '<code>\\ </code>' escapes the space character +- '<code>\\$</code>' escapes the dollar character +- '<code>\\\\</code>' escapes the backslash character +- '<code>\\*</code>' escapes the star character +- '<code>\\?</code>' escapes the question mark character +- '<code>\\~</code>' escapes the tilde character +- '<code>\\%</code>' escapes the percent character +- '<code>\\#</code>' escapes the hash character +- '<code>\\(</code>' escapes the left parenthesis character +- '<code>\\)</code>' escapes the right parenthesis character +- '<code>\\{</code>' escapes the left curly bracket character +- '<code>\\}</code>' escapes the right curly bracket character +- '<code>\\[</code>' escapes the left bracket character +- '<code>\\]</code>' escapes the right bracket character +- '<code>\\</code>' escapes the less than character +- '<code>\\\></code>' escapes the more than character +- '<code>\\^</code>' escapes the circumflex character +- '<code>\\&</code>' escapes the ampersand character +- '<code>\\;</code>' escapes the semicolon character +- '<code>\\"</code>' escapes the quote character +- '<code>\\'</code>' escapes the apostrophe character +- '<code>\\x<i>xx</i></code>', where <code><i>xx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes the ascii character with the specified value. For example, `\x9` is the tab character. +- '<code>\\X<i>xx</i></code>', where <code><i>xx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes a byte of data with the specified value. If you are using a mutibyte encoding, this can be used to enter invalid strings. Only use this if you know what you are doing. +- '<code>\\<i>ooo</i></code>', where <code><i>ooo</i></code> is an octal number, escapes the ascii character with the specified value. For example, `\011` is the tab character. +- '<code>\\u<i>xxxx</i></code>', where <code><i>xxxx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes the 16-bit Unicode character with the specified value. For example, `\u9` is the tab character. +- '<code>\\U<i>xxxxxxxx</i></code>', where <code><i>xxxxxxxx</i></code> is a hexadecimal number, escapes the 32-bit Unicode character with the specified value. For example, `\U9` is the tab character. +- '<code>\\c<i>x</i></code>', where <code><i>x</i></code> is a letter of the alphabet, escapes the control sequence generated by pressing the control key and the specified letter. For example, `\ci` is the tab character + \subsection redirects Input/Output (IO) redirection -Most programs use three input/output (IO) streams, each represented by -a number called a file descriptor (FD). These are: +Most programs use three input/output (IO) streams, each represented by a number called a file descriptor (FD). These are: - Standard input, FD 0, for reading, defaults to reading from the keyboard. - Standard output, FD 1, for writing, defaults to writing to the screen. @@ -162,11 +126,8 @@ a number called a file descriptor (FD). These are: The reason for providing for two output file descriptors is to allow separation of errors and warnings from regular program output. -Any file descriptor can be directed to a different output than its -default through a simple mechanism called a redirection. +Any file descriptor can be directed to a different output than its default through a simple mechanism called a redirection. -An example of a file redirection is <code> echo hello \>output.txt</code>, -which directs the output of the echo command to the file output.txt. - To read standard input from a file, write <code>\<SOURCE_FILE</code> - To write standard output to a file, write <code>\>DESTINATION</code> @@ -174,7 +135,11 @@ which directs the output of the echo command to the file output.txt. - To append standard output to a file, write <code>\>\>DESTINATION_FILE</code> - To append standard error to a file, write <code>^^DESTINATION_FILE</code> -<code>DESTINATION</code> can be one of the following: +- To redirect standard input, write `<SOURCE_FILE` +- To redirect standard output, write `>DESTINATION` +- To redirect standard error, write `^DESTINATION` +- To redirect standard output to a file which will be appended, write `>>DESTINATION_FILE` +- To redirect standard error to a file which will be appended, write `^^DESTINATION_FILE` - A filename. The output will be written to the specified file. - An ampersand (\&) followed by the number of another file descriptor. The output will be written to that file descriptor instead. @@ -182,9 +147,9 @@ which directs the output of the echo command to the file output.txt. Example: -To redirect both standard output and standard error to the file -all_output.txt, you can write <code>echo Hello \>all_output.txt -^\&1</code>. +To redirect both standard output and standard error to the file 'all_output.txt', you can write `echo Hello > all_output.txt ^&1`. + +Any FD can be redirected in an arbitrary way by prefixing the redirection with the number of the FD. Any file descriptor can be redirected in an arbitrary way by prefixing the redirection with the file descriptor. @@ -199,402 +164,221 @@ descriptor 2) of the target program to <code>output.stderr</code>. \subsection piping Piping -The user can string together multiple commands into a so called -pipeline. This means that the standard output of one command will be read -in as standard input into the next command. This is done by separating -the commands by the pipe character (|). For example +The user can string together multiple commands into a so called pipeline. This means that the standard output of one command will be read in as standard input into the next command. This is done by separating the commands by the pipe character '`|`'. For example -<code>cat foo.txt | head</code> +\fish +cat foo.txt | head +\endfish -will call the 'cat' program with the parameter 'foo.txt', which will -print the contents of the file 'foo.txt'. The contents of foo.txt will -then be filtered through the program 'head', which will pass on the -first ten lines of the file to the screen. For more information on how -to combine commands through pipes, read the manual pages of the -commands you want to use using the 'man' command. If you want to find -out more about the 'cat' program, type <code>man cat</code>. +will call the `cat` program with the parameter 'foo.txt', which will print the contents of the file 'foo.txt'. The contents of foo.txt will then be filtered through the program 'head', which will pass on the first ten lines of the file to the screen. For more information on how to combine commands through pipes, read the manual pages of the commands you want to use using the `man` command. If you want to find out more about the `cat` program, type `man cat`. -Pipes usually connect file descriptor 1 (standard output) of the first -process to file descriptor 0 (standard input) of the second -process. It is possible use a different output file descriptor by -prepending the desired FD number and then output redirect symbol to -the pipe. For example: +Pipes usually connect file descriptor 1 (standard output) of the first process to file descriptor 0 (standard input) of the second process. It is possible use a different output file descriptor by prepending the desired FD number and then output redirect symbol to the pipe. For example: -<code>make fish 2>|less</code> +\fish +make fish 2> | less +\endfish + +will attempt to build the fish program, and any errors will be shown using the less pager. -will attempt to build the fish program, and any errors will be shown -using the less pager. \subsection syntax-background Background jobs -When you start a job in \c fish, \c fish itself will pause, and give -control of the terminal to the program just started. Sometimes, you -want to continue using the commandline, and have the job run in the -background. To create a background job, append an \& (ampersand) to -your command. This will tell fish to run the job in the -background. Background jobs are very useful when running programs that -have a graphical user interface. +When you start a job in `fish`, `fish` itself will pause, and give control of the terminal to the program just started. Sometimes, you want to continue using the commandline, and have the job run in the background. To create a background job, append an \& (ampersand) to your command. This will tell fish to run the job in the background. Background jobs are very useful when running programs that have a graphical user interface. Example: -<code>emacs \&</code> +\fish +emacs & +\endfish will start the emacs text editor in the background. + \subsection syntax-job-control Job control -Most programs allow you to suspend the program's execution and return -control to \c fish by pressing ^Z (press and hold the Control key and -press 'z'). Once back at the \c fish commandline, you can start other -programs and do anything you want. If you then want you can go back to -the suspended command by using the <a href="commands.html#fg">fg</a> -(foreground) command. +Most programs allow you to suspend the program's execution and return control to `fish` by pressing @key{Control,Z} (also referred to as `^Z`). Once back at the `fish` commandline, you can start other programs and do anything you want. If you then want you can go back to the suspended command by using the <a href="commands.html#fg">`fg`</a> (foreground) command. + +If you instead want to put a suspended job into the background, use the <a href="commands.html#bg">`bg`</a> command. -If you instead want to put a suspended job into the background, use -the <a href="commands.html#bg">bg</a> command. +To get a listing of all currently started jobs, use the <a href="commands.html#jobs">`jobs`</a> command. -To get a listing of all currently started jobs, use the <a -href="commands.html#jobs">jobs</a> command. \subsection syntax-function Functions -Functions are programs written in the fish syntax. They group together one -or more commands and their arguments using a single name. It can also be -used to start a specific command with additional arguments. +Functions are programs written in the fish syntax. They group together one or more commands and their arguments using a single name. It can also be used to start a specific command with additional arguments. -For example, the following is a function definition that calls the command -\c ls with the argument '-l' to print a detailed listing -of the contents of the current directory: +For example, the following is a function definition that calls the command `ls` with the argument '`-l`' to print a detailed listing of the contents of the current directory: -<pre> +\fish function ll - ls -l $argv + ls -l $argv end -</pre> +\endfish + +The first line tells fish that a function by the name of `ll` is to be defined. To use it, simply write `ll` on the commandline. The second line tells fish that the command `ls -l $argv` should be called when `ll` is invoked. '`$argv`' is an array variable, which always contains all arguments sent to the function. In the example above, these are simply passed on to the `ls` command. For more information on functions, see the documentation for the <a href='commands.html#function'>function</a> builtin. -The first line tells fish that a function by the name of \c ll is to be -defined. To use it, simply write <code>ll</code> on the -commandline. The second line tells fish that the command <code>ls -l -$argv</code> should be called when ll is invoked. $argv is an array -variable, which always contains all arguments sent to the function. In -the example above, these are simply passed on to the ls command. For -more information on functions, see the documentation for the <a -href='commands.html#function'>function</a> builtin. \subsubsection syntax-function-wrappers Defining aliases -One of the most common uses for functions is to slightly alter the -behavior of an already existing command. For example, one might want -to redefine the \c ls command to display colors. The switch for -turning on colors on GNU systems is \c '--color=auto'. An alias, or -wrapper, around \c ls might look like this: +One of the most common uses for functions is to slightly alter the behavior of an already existing command. For example, one might want to redefine the `ls` command to display colors. The switch for turning on colors on GNU systems is '`--color=auto`'. An alias, or wrapper, around `ls` might look like this: -<pre>function ls - command ls --color=auto $argv +\fish +function ls + command ls --color=auto $argv end -</pre> +\endfish There are a few important things that need to be noted about aliases: -- Always take care to add the \c $argv variable to the list of parameters to the wrapped command. This makes sure that if the user specifies any additional parameters to the function, they are passed on to the underlying command. -- If the alias has the same name as the aliased command, it is necessary to prefix the call to the program with \c command in order to tell fish that the function should not call itself, but rather a command with the same name. Failing to do so will cause infinite recursion bugs. +- Always take care to add the `$argv` variable to the list of parameters to the wrapped command. This makes sure that if the user specifies any additional parameters to the function, they are passed on to the underlying command. +- If the alias has the same name as the aliased command, it is necessary to refix the call to the program with `command` in order to tell fish that the unction should not call itself, but rather a command with the same name. ailing to do so will cause infinite recursion bugs. + +To easily create a function of this form, you can use the <a href="commands.html#alias">alias</a> command. -To easily create a function of this form, you can use the -<a href="commands.html#alias">alias</a> command. \subsubsection syntax-function-autoloading Autoloading functions -Functions can be defined on the commandline or in a configuration -file, but they can also be automatically loaded. This method of -defining functions has several advantages. An autoloaded function -becomes available automatically to all running shells. If the function -definition is changed, all running shells will automatically reload -the altered version. Startup time and memory usage is improved, etc. - -Fish automatically searches through any directories in the array -variable \c $fish_function_path, and any functions defined are -automatically loaded when needed. A function definition file must have -a filename consisting of the name of the function plus the suffix -'.fish'. - -The default value for \c $fish_function_path is <code>~/.config/fish/functions -/etc/fish/functions /usr/share/fish/functions</code>. The exact path -to the last two of these may be slightly different depending on what -install path prefix was chosen at configuration time. The rationale -behind having three different directories is that the first one is for -user specific functions, the second one is for system-wide additional -functions and the last one is for default fish functions. The path -list is searched in order, meaning that by default, the system -administrator can override default fish functions, and the user can -override functions defined by the system administrator. - -It is very important that function definition files only contain the -definition for the specified function and nothing else. Otherwise, it -is possible that autoloading a function files requires that the -function already be loaded, which creates a circular dependency. - -\subsection syntax-conditional Conditional execution of code and flow control - -There are four fish builtins that let you execute commands only if a -specific criterion is met. These builtins are -<a href="commands.html#if">if</a>, -<a href="commands.html#switch">switch</a>, -<a href="commands.html#and">and</a> and -<a href="commands.html#or">or</a>. - -The \c switch command is used to execute one of possibly many blocks -of commands depending on the value of a string. See the documentation -for <a href="commands.html#switch">switch</a> for more information. - -The other conditionals use the <a href='#variables-status'>exit -status</a> of a command to decide if a command or a block of commands -should be executed. See the documentation for -<a href="commands.html#if">if</a>, <a href="commands.html#and">and</a> -and <a href="commands.html#or">or</a> for more information. +Functions can be defined on the commandline or in a configuration file, but they can also be automatically loaded. This method of defining functions has several advantages. An autoloaded function becomes available automatically to all running shells. If the function definition is changed, all running shells will automatically reload the altered version. Startup time and memory usage is improved, etc. -\subsection syntax-words Some common words +Fish automatically searches through any directories in the array variable `$fish_function_path`, and any functions defined are automatically loaded when needed. A function definition file must have a filename consisting of the name of the function plus the suffix '`.fish`'. -This is a short explanation of some of the commonly used words in fish. +The default value for `$fish_function_path` is `~/.config/fish/functions` `/etc/fish/functions` `/usr/share/fish/functions`. The exact path to the last two of these may be slightly different depending on what install path prefix was chosen at configuration time. The rationale behind having three different directories is that the first one is for user specific functions, the second one is for system-wide additional functions and the last one is for default fish functions. The path list is searched in order, meaning that by default, the system administrator can override default fish functions, and the user can override functions defined by the system administrator. -- argument, a parameter given to a command -- builtin, a command that is implemented in the shell. Builtins are commands that are so closely tied to the shell that it is impossible to implement them as external commands. -- command, a program that the shell can run. -- function, a block of commands that can be called as if they where a single command. By using functions, it is possible to string together multiple smaller commands into one more advanced command. -- job, a running pipeline or command -- pipeline, a set of commands stringed together so that the output of one command is the input of the next command -- redirection, a operation that changes one of the input/output streams associated with a job -- switch, a special flag sent as an argument to a command that will alter the behavior of the command. A switch almost always begins with one or two hyphens. +It is very important that function definition files only contain the definition for the specified function and nothing else. Otherwise, it is possible that autoloading a function files requires that the function already be loaded, which creates a circular dependency. -\section help Help -\c fish has an extensive help system. Use the <a -href="commands.html#help">help</a> command to obtain help on -a specific subject or command. For instance, writing <code>help -syntax</code> displays the <a href="#syntax">syntax section</a> of this -documentation. +\subsubsection syntax-conditional Conditional execution of code and flow control -fish also has man pages for its commands. For example, <code>man set</code> -will show the documentation for \c set as a man page. +There are four fish builtins that let you execute commands only if a specific criterion is met. These builtins are <a href="commands.html#if">`if`</a>, <a href="commands.html#switch">`switch`</a>, <a href="commands.html#and">`and`</a> and <a href="commands.html#or">`or`</a>. -Help on a specific builtin can also be obtained with the <code>-h</code> -parameter. For instance, to obtain help on the \c fg builtin, either -type <code>fg -h</code> or <code>help fg</code>. +The `switch` command is used to execute one of possibly many blocks of commands depending on the value of a string. See the documentation for <a href="commands.html#switch">switch</a> for more information. -\section autosuggestions Autosuggestions +The other conditionals use the <a href='#variables-status'>exit status</a> of a command to decide if a command or a block of commands should be executed. See the documentation for <a href="commands.html#if">`if`</a>, <a href="commands.html#and">`and`</a> and <a href="commands.html#or">`or`</a> for more information. -fish suggests commands as you type, based on command history, completions, -and valid file paths. As you type commands, you will see a completion offered after the -cursor, in a muted gray color (which can be changed with the -<code>fish_color_autosuggestion</code> variable). -To accept the autosuggestion (replacing the command line contents), -press right arrow or Control-F. To accept the first suggested word, press -Alt-Right or Alt-F. If the autosuggestion is not what you want, just ignore it: -it won't execute unless you accept it. +\subsection syntax-words Some common words -Autosuggestions are a powerful way to quickly summon frequently entered commands, by -typing the first few characters. They are also an efficient technique for navigating -through directory hierarchies. +This is a short explanation of some of the commonly used words in fish. -\section completion Tab completion +- <b>argument</b>, a parameter given to a command +- <b>builtin</b>, a command that is implemented in the shell. Builtins are commands that are so closely tied to the shell that it is impossible to implement them as external commands. +- <b>command</b>, a program that the shell can run. +- <b>function</b>, a block of commands that can be called as if they where a single command. By using functions, it is possible to string together multiple smaller commands into one more advanced command. +- <b>job</b>, a running pipeline or command +- <b>pipeline</b>, a set of commands stringed together so that the output of one command is the input of the next command +- <b>redirection</b>, a operation that changes one of the input/output streams associated with a job +- <b>switch</b>, a special flag sent as an argument to a command that will alter the behavior of the command. A switch almost always begins with one or two hyphens. -Tab completion is one of the most time saving features of any modern -shell. By tapping the tab key, the user asks \c fish to guess the rest -of the command or parameter that the user is currently typing. If \c -fish can only find one possible completion, \c fish will write it -out. If there is more than one completion, \c fish will write out the -longest prefix that all completions have in common. If the completions -differ on the first character, a list of all possible completions is -printed. The list features descriptions of the completions and if the -list doesn't fit the screen, it is scrollable by using the arrow keys, -the page up/page down keys, the tab key or the space bar. Pressing any -other key will exit the list and insert the pressed key into the -command line. - -These are the general purpose tab completions that \c fish provides: -- Completion of commands (builtins, functions and regular programs). -- Completion of shell variable names. -- Completion of usernames for tilde expansion. -- Completion of filenames, even on strings with wildcards such as '*', '**' and '?'. -- Completion of job ID, job name and process names for <a href="#expand-process">process expansion</a>. +\section docs Help -\c fish provides a large number of program specific completions. Most -of these completions are simple options like the \c -l option for \c -ls, but some are more advanced. The latter include: +`fish` has an extensive help system. Use the <a href="commands.html#help">`help`</a> command to obtain help on a specific subject or command. For instance, writing `help syntax` displays the <a href="#syntax">syntax section</a> of this documentation. -- The programs \c man and \c whatis show all installed -manual pages as completions. -- The \c make program uses all targets in the Makefile in -the current directory as completions. -- The \c mount command uses all mount points specified in fstab as completions. -- The \c ssh command uses all hosts that are stored -in the known_hosts file as completions. (See the ssh documentation for more information) -- The \c su command uses all users on the system as completions. -- The \c apt-get, \c rpm and \c yum commands use all installed packages as completions. +`fish` also has man pages for its commands. For example, `man set` will show the documentation for `set` as a man page. -\subsection completion-own Writing your own completions +Help on a specific builtin can also be obtained with the `-h` parameter. For instance, to obtain help on the `fg` builtin, either type `fg -h` or `help fg`. -Specifying your own completions is not difficult. To specify a -completion, use the \c complete command. \c complete takes -as a parameter the name of the command to specify a completion -for. For example, to add a completion for the program \c myprog, one -would start the completion command with <code>complete -c myprog -...</code>. To provide a list of possible completions for myprog, use -the \c -a switch. If \c myprog accepts the arguments start and stop, -this can be specified as <code>complete -c myprog -a 'start -stop'</code>. The argument to the \c -a switch is always a single -string. At completion time, it will be tokenized on spaces and tabs, -and variable expansion, command substitution and other forms of -parameter expansion will take place. - -Fish has a special syntax to support specifying switches accepted by a -command. The switches \c -s, \c -l and \c -o are used to specify a -short switch (single character, such as -l), a gnu style long switch (such as ---color) and an old-style long switch (like -shuffle), -respectively. If the command 'myprog' has an option '-o' which can -also be written as '--output', and which can take an additional value -of either 'yes' or 'no', this can be specified by writing: - -<code>complete -c myprog -s o -l output -a "yes no"</code> - -There are also special switches for specifying that a switch requires -an argument, to disable filename completion, to create completions -that are only available in some combinations, etc.. For a complete -description of the various switches accepted by the \c complete -command, see the documentation for the <a -href="commands.html#complete">complete</a> builtin, or write 'complete ---help' inside the \c fish shell. - -For examples of how to write your own complex completions, study the -completions in \c /usr/share/fish/completions. (The exact path depends on -your chosen installation prefix and may be slightly different) -\subsection completion-func Useful functions for writing completions +\section autosuggestions Autosuggestions -Fish ships with several functions that are very useful when writing -command specific completions. Most of these functions name begins with -the string '__fish_'. Such functions are internal to fish and their -name and interface may change in future fish versions. Still, some of -them may be very useful when writing completions. A few of these -functions are described here. Be aware that they may be removed or -changed in future versions of fish. +fish suggests commands as you type, based on command history, completions, and valid file paths. As you type commands, you will see a completion offered after the cursor, in a muted gray color (which can be changed with the `fish_color_autosuggestion` variable). -Functions beginning with the string '__fish_print_' print a -newline-separated list of strings. For example, -__fish_print_filesystems prints a list of all known file systems. Functions -beginning with '__fish_complete_' print out a newline separated list of -completions with descriptions. The description is separated from the -completion by a tab character. +To accept the autosuggestion (replacing the command line contents), press right arrow or @key{Control,F}. To accept the first suggested word, press @key{Alt,→,Right} or @key{Alt,F}. If the autosuggestion is not what you want, just ignore it: it won't execute unless you accept it. -<pre>__fish_complete_directories STRING DESCRIPTION</pre> +Autosuggestions are a powerful way to quickly summon frequently entered commands, by typing the first few characters. They are also an efficient technique for navigating through directory hierarchies. -performs path completion on STRING, allowing only directories, and giving them the description DESCRIPTION. -<pre>__fish_complete_groups</pre> +\section completion Tab completion -prints a list of all user groups with the groups members as description. +Tab completion is one of the most time saving features of any modern shell. By tapping the tab key, the user asks `fish` to guess the rest of the command or parameter that the user is currently typing. If `fish` can only find one possible completion, `fish` will write it out. If there is more than one completion, `fish` will write out the longest prefix that all completions have in common. If the completions differ on the first character, a list of all possible completions is printed. The list features descriptions of the completions and if the list doesn't fit the screen, it is scrollable by using the arrow keys, the page up/page down keys, the tab key or the space bar. Pressing any other key will exit the list and insert the pressed key into the command line. -<pre>__fish_complete_pids</pre> +These are the general purpose tab completions that `fish` provides: -prints a list of all processes IDs with the command name as description. +- Completion of commands (builtins, functions and regular programs). +- Completion of shell variable names. +- Completion of usernames for tilde expansion. +- Completion of filenames, even on strings with wildcards such as '`*`', '`**`' and '`?`'. +- Completion of job ID, job name and process names for <a href="#expand-process">process expansion</a>. -<pre>__fish_complete_suffix SUFFIX</pre> +`fish` provides a large number of program specific completions. Most of these completions are simple options like the `-l` option for `ls`, but some are more advanced. The latter include: -performs file completion allowing only files ending in SUFFIX. The mimetype database is used to find a suitable description. +- The programs `man` and `whatis` show all installed manual pages as completions. +- The `make` program uses all targets in the Makefile in the current directory as completions. +- The `mount` command uses all mount points specified in fstab as completions. +- The `ssh` command uses all hosts that are stored in the known_hosts file as completions. (See the ssh documentation for more information) +- The `su` command uses all users on the system as completions. +- The `apt-get`, `rpm` and `yum` commands use all installed packages as completions. -<pre>__fish_complete_users</pre> -prints a list of all users with their full name as description. +\subsection completion-own Writing your own completions + +Specifying your own completions is not difficult. To specify a completion, use the `complete` command. `complete` takes as a parameter the name of the command to specify a completion for. For example, to add a completion for the program `myprog`, one would start the completion command with `complete -c myprog ...` -<pre>__fish_print_filesystems</pre> +To provide a list of possible completions for myprog, use the `-a` switch. If `myprog` accepts the arguments start and stop, this can be specified as `complete -c myprog -a 'start stop'`. The argument to the `-a` switch is always a single string. At completion time, it will be tokenized on spaces and tabs, and variable expansion, command substitution and other forms of parameter expansion will take place. -prints a list of all known file systems. Currently, this is a static -list, and not dependent on what file systems the host operating system -actually understands. +Fish has a special syntax to support specifying switches accepted by a command. The switches `-s`, `-l` and `-o` are used to specify a short switch (single character, such as -l), a gnu style long switch (such as '`--color`') and an old-style long switch (like '`-shuffle`'), respectively. If the command 'myprog' has an option '-o' which can also be written as '`--output`', and which can take an additional value of either 'yes' or 'no', this can be specified by writing: -<pre>__fish_print_hostnames</pre> -prints a list of all known hostnames. This functions searches the -fstab for nfs servers, ssh for known hosts and checks the /etc/hosts file. +\fish +complete -c myprog -s o -l output -a "yes no" +\endfish -<pre>__fish_print_interfaces</pre> +There are also special switches for specifying that a switch requires an argument, to disable filename completion, to create completions that are only available in some combinations, etc.. For a complete description of the various switches accepted by the `complete` command, see the documentation for the <a href="commands.html#complete">complete</a> builtin, or write `complete --help` inside the `fish` shell. -prints a list of all known network interfaces. +For examples of how to write your own complex completions, study the completions in `/usr/share/fish/completions`. (The exact path depends on your chosen installation prefix and may be slightly different) -<pre>__fish_print_packages</pre> -prints a list of all installed packages. This function currently handles -Debian, rpm and Gentoo packages. +\subsection completion-func Useful functions for writing completions + +Fish ships with several functions that are very useful when writing command specific completions. Most of these functions name begins with the string '`__fish_`'. Such functions are internal to fish and their name and interface may change in future fish versions. Still, some of them may be very useful when writing completions. A few of these functions are described here. Be aware that they may be removed or changed in future versions of fish. +Functions beginning with the string `__fish_print_` print a newline- separated list of strings. For example, `__fish_print_filesystems` prints a list of all known file systems. Functions beginning with `__fish_complete_` print out a newline separated list of completions with descriptions. The description is separated from the completion by a tab character. + +- `__fish_complete_directories STRING DESCRIPTION` performs path completion on STRING, allowing only directories, and giving them the description DESCRIPTION. +- `__fish_complete_groups` prints a list of all user groups with the groups members as description. +- `__fish_complete_pids` prints a list of all processes IDs with the command name as description. +- `__fish_complete_suffix SUFFIX` performs file completion allowing only files ending in SUFFIX. The mimetype database is used to find a suitable description. +- `__fish_complete_users` prints a list of all users with their full name as description. +- `__fish_print_filesystems` prints a list of all known file systems. Currently, this is a static list, and not dependent on what file systems the host operating system actually understands. +- `__fish_print_hostnames` prints a list of all known hostnames. This functions searches the fstab for nfs servers, ssh for known hosts and checks the `/etc/hosts` file. +- `__fish_print_interfaces` prints a list of all known network interfaces. +- `__fish_print_packages` prints a list of all installed packages. This function currently handles Debian, rpm and Gentoo packages. \subsection completion-path Where to put completions -Completions can be defined on the commandline or in a configuration -file, but they can also be automatically loaded. Fish automatically -searches through any directories in the array variable -\c $fish_complete_path, and any completions defined are automatically -loaded when needed. A completion file must have a filename consisting -of the name of the command to complete and the suffix '.fish'. +Completions can be defined on the commandline or in a configuration file, but they can also be automatically loaded. Fish automatically searches through any directories in the array variable `$fish_complete_path`, and any completions defined are automatically loaded when needed. A completion file must have a filename consisting of the name of the command to complete and the suffix '`.fish`'. -The default value for \c $fish_complete_path is <code>~/.config/fish/completions -/etc/fish/completions /usr/share/fish/completions</code>. The exact -path to the last two of these may be slightly different depending on -what install path prefix was chosen at configuration time. If a -suitable file is found in one of these directories, it will be -automatically loaded and the search will be stopped. The rationale -behind having three different directories is that the first one is for -user specific completions, the second one is for system-wide -completions and the last one is for default fish completions. +The default value for `$fish`_complete_path is `~/.config/fish/completions` `/etc/fish/completions` `/usr/share/fish/completions`. The exact path to the last two of these may be slightly different depending on what install path prefix was chosen at configuration time. If a suitable file is found in one of these directories, it will be automatically loaded and the search will be stopped. The rationale behind having three different directories is that the first one is for user specific completions, the second one is for system-wide completions and the last one is for default fish completions. -If you have written new completions for a common -Unix command, please consider sharing your work by submitting it via -the instructions in <a href="#more-help">Further help and development</a>. +If you have written new completions for a common Unix command, please consider sharing your work by submitting it via the instructions in <a href="#more-help">Further help and development</a>. \section expand Parameter expansion (Globbing) -When an argument for a program is given on the commandline, it -undergoes the process of parameter expansion before it is sent on to -the command. Parameter expansion is a powerful mechanism that -allows you to expand the parameter in various ways, including -performing wildcard matching on files, inserting the value of -a shell variable into the parameter or even using the output of -another command as a parameter list. +When an argument for a program is given on the commandline, it undergoes the process of parameter expansion before it is sent on to the command. Parameter expansion is a powerful mechanism that allows you to expand the parameter in various ways, including performing wildcard matching on files, inserting the value of a shell variable into the parameter or even using the output of another command as a parameter list. + \subsection expand-wildcard Wildcards -If a star (*) or a question mark (?) is present in the parameter, \c -fish attempts to match the given parameter to any files in such a -way that: +If a star (`*`) or a question mark (`?`) is present in the parameter, `fish` attempts to match the given parameter to any files in such a way that: -- '?' can match any single character except '/'. -- '*' can match any string of characters not containing '/'. This includes matching an empty string. -- '**' matches any string of characters. This includes matching an empty string. The string may include the '/' character but does not need to. +- '`?`' can match any single character except '/'. +- '`*`' can match any string of characters not containing '/'. This includes matching an empty string. +- '`**`' matches any string of characters. This includes matching an empty string. The string may include the '/' character but does not need to. -Wildcard matches are sorted case insensitively. When sorting matches -containing numbers, consecutive digits are considered to be one -element, so that the strings '1' '5' and '12' would be sorted in the -order given. +Wildcard matches are sorted case insensitively. When sorting matches containing numbers, consecutive digits are considered to be one element, so that the strings '1' '5' and '12' would be sorted in the order given. -File names beginning with a dot are not considered when wildcarding -unless a dot is specifically given as the first character of the file -name. +File names beginning with a dot are not considered when wildcarding unless a dot is specifically given as the first character of the file name. Examples: -<code>a*</code> matches any files beginning with an 'a' in the current directory. - -<code>???</code> matches any file in the current directory whose name is exactly three characters long. +- `a*` matches any files beginning with an 'a' in the current directory. +- `???` matches any file in the current directory whose name is exactly three characters long. +- `**` matches any files and directories in the current directory and all of its subdirectories. -<code>**</code> matches any files and directories in the current directory and all of its subdirectories. +Note that if no matches are found for a specific wildcard, it will expand into zero arguments, i.e. to nothing. If none of the wildcarded arguments sent to a command result in any matches, the command will not be executed. If this happens when using the shell interactively, a warning will also be printed. -Note that if no matches are found for a specific wildcard, it will expand into -zero arguments, i.e. to nothing. If none of the wildcarded arguments -sent to a command result in any matches, the command will not be -executed. If this happens when using the shell interactively, a -warning will also be printed. \subsection expand-command-substitution Command substitution @@ -605,20 +389,15 @@ this list is executed, and substituted by the output. If the output is more than one line long, each line will be expanded to a new parameter. Setting \c IFS to the empty string will disable line splitting. -The exit status of the last run command substitution is available in the <a -href='#variables-status'>status</a> variable. +The exit status of the last run command substitution is available in the <a href='#variables-status'>status</a> variable. -Only part of the output can be used, see <a href='#expand-index-range'>index -range expansion</a> for details. +Only part of the output can be used, see <a href='#expand-index-range'>index range expansion</a> for details. Examples: -The command <code>echo (basename image.jpg .jpg).png</code> will -output 'image.png'. +The command `echo (basename image.jpg .jpg).png` will output 'image.png'. -The command <code>for i in *.jpg; convert $i (basename $i .jpg).png; -end</code> will convert all JPEG files in the current directory to the -PNG format using the \c convert program. +The command `for i in *.jpg; convert $i (basename $i .jpg).png; end` will convert all JPEG files in the current directory to the PNG format using the `convert` program. The command <code>begin; set -l IFS; set data (cat data.txt); end</code> will set the \c data variable to the contents of 'data.txt' without @@ -626,164 +405,125 @@ splitting it into an array. \subsection expand-brace Brace expansion -A comma separated list of characters enclosed in curly braces will be -expanded so each element of the list becomes a new parameter. +A comma separated list of characters enclosed in curly braces will be expanded so each element of the list becomes a new parameter. Example: -<code>echo input.{c,h,txt}</code> outputs 'input.c input.h input.txt' +\fish +echo input.{c,h,txt} outputs 'input.c input.h input.txt' +\endfish -The command <code>mv *.{c,h} src/</code> moves all files with the suffix -'.c' or '.h' to the subdirectory src. +The command `mv *.{c,h} src/` moves all files with the suffix '.c' or '.h' to the subdirectory src. \subsection expand-variable Variable expansion -A dollar sign followed by a string of characters is expanded into the -value of the shell variable with the same name. For an -introduction to the concept of shell variables, read the -<a href="#variables">Shell variables</a> section. +A dollar sign followed by a string of characters is expanded into the value of the shell variable with the same name. For an introduction to the concept of shell variables, read the <a href="#variables">Shell variables</a> section. Undefined and empty variables expand to nothing. -To separate a variable name from text it should immediately be followed by, -encase the variable within braces. +To separate a variable name from text it should immediately be followed by, encase the variable within braces. Examples: -<code>echo $HOME</code> prints the home directory of the current -user. +`echo $HOME` prints the home directory of the current user. -<code>echo $nonexistentvariable</code> prints no output. +`echo $nonexistentvariable` prints no output. -<code>echo The plural of $WORD is {$WORD}s</code> prints "The plural of -cat is cats" when \c $WORD is set to cat. Note that without the braces, fish -will try to expand a variable called <code>$WORDs</code>, which may not exist. +`echo The plural of $WORD is {$WORD}s` prints "The plural of cat is cats" when `$WORD` is set to cat. Note that without the braces, fish will try to expand a variable called `$WORDs`, which may not exist. -The latter syntax works by exploiting <a href="#expand-brace">brace -expansion</a>; care should be taken with array variables and undefined -variables, as these behave very differently to POSIX shells. +The latter syntax works by exploiting <a href="#expand-brace">brace expansion</a>; care should be taken with array variables and undefined variables, as these behave very differently to POSIX shells. -Variable expansion is the only type of expansion performed on double -quoted strings. There is, however, an important difference in how -variables are expanded when quoted and when unquoted. An unquoted -variable expansion will result in a variable number of arguments. For -example, if the variable $foo has zero elements or is undefined, the -argument $foo will expand to zero elements. If the variable $foo is an -array of five elements, the argument $foo will expand to five -elements. When quoted, like "$foo", a variable expansion will always -result in exactly one argument. Undefined variables will expand to the -empty string, and array variables will be concatenated using the space -character. The dangers noted in the third example above can therefore be -avoided by wrapping the variable in double quotes -(<code>echo {"$WORD"}s</code>). +Variable expansion is the only type of expansion performed on double quoted strings. There is, however, an important difference in how variables are expanded when quoted and when unquoted. An unquoted variable expansion will result in a variable number of arguments. For example, if the variable `$foo` has zero elements or is undefined, the argument `$foo` will expand to zero elements. If the variable $foo is an array of five elements, the argument `$foo` will expand to five elements. When quoted, like `"$foo"`, a variable expansion will always result in exactly one argument. Undefined variables will expand to the empty string, and array variables will be concatenated using the space character. The dangers noted in the third example above can therefore be avoided by wrapping the variable in double quotes (`echo {"$WORD"}s`). -There is one further notable feature of fish variable -expansion. Consider the following code snippet: +There is one further notable feature of fish variable expansion. Consider the following code snippet: -<pre> +\fish set foo a b c set a 10; set b 20; set c 30 for i in (seq (count $$foo)) - echo $$foo[$i] + echo $$foo[$i] end + # Output is: # 10 # 20 # 30 -</pre> +\endfish + +The above code demonstrates how to use multiple '`$`' symbols to expand the value of a variable as a variable name. One can think of the `$` symbol as a variable dereference operator. When using this feature together with array brackets, the brackets will always match the innermost `$` dereference. Thus, `$$foo[5]` will always mean the fifth element of the `foo` variable should be dereferenced, not the fifth element of the doubly dereferenced variable `foo`. The latter can instead be expressed as `$$foo[1][5]`. -The above code demonstrates how to use multiple '$' symbols to expand -the value of a variable as a variable name. One can think of -the $ symbol as a variable dereference operator. When using this -feature together with array brackets, the brackets will always match -the innermost $ dereference. Thus, <code>$$foo[5]</code> will always mean the fifth -element of the \c foo variable should be dereferenced, not the fifth -element of the doubly dereferenced variable \c foo. The latter can -instead be expressed as <code>$$foo[1][5]</code>. \subsection expand-index-range Index range expansion -Both command substitution and shell variable expansion support accessing only -specific items by providing a set of indices in square brackets. It's -often needed to access a sequence of elements. To do this, use the range -operator '..' for this. A range <code>'a..b'</code>, where range limits 'a' -and 'b' are integer numbers, is expanded into a sequence of indices -'a a+1 a+2 ... b' or 'a a-1 a-2 ... b' depending on which of 'a' or 'b' -is higher. The negative range limits are calculated from the end of the array -or command substitution. +Both command substitution and shell variable expansion support accessing only specific items by providing a set of indices in square brackets. It's often needed to access a sequence of elements. To do this, use the range operator '`..`' for this. A range '`a..b`', where range limits 'a' and 'b' are integer numbers, is expanded into a sequence of indices '`a a+1 a+2 ... b`' or '`a a-1 a-2 ... b`' depending on which of 'a' or 'b' is higher. The negative range limits are calculated from the end of the array or command substitution. Some examples: -<pre> + +\fish # Limit the command substitution output -echo (seq 10)[2..5] # will use elements from 2 to 5 +echo (seq 10)[2..5] +# will use elements from 2 to 5 + # Output is: # 2 3 4 5 # Use overlapping ranges: -echo (seq 10)[2..5 1..3] # will take elements from 2 to 5 and then elements from 1 to 3 +echo (seq 10)[2..5 1..3] +# will take elements from 2 to 5 and then elements from 1 to 3 + # Output is: # 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 # Reverse output -echo (seq 10)[-1..1] # will use elements from the last output line to the first one in reverse direction +echo (seq 10)[-1..1] +# will use elements from the last output line to the first one in reverse direction + # Output is: # 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -</pre> +\endfish The same works when setting or expanding variables: -<pre> + +\fish # Reverse path variable set PATH $PATH[-1..1] -# or +# or set PATH[-1..1] $PATH # Use only n last items of the PATH set n -3 echo $PATH[$n..-1] -</pre> +\endfish -Note that variables can be used as indices for expansion of variables, but not -command substitution. +Note that variables can be used as indices for expansion of variables, but not command substitution. \subsection expand-home Home directory expansion -The ~ (tilde) character at the beginning of a parameter, followed by a -username, is expanded into the home directory of the specified user. A -lone ~, or a ~ followed by a slash, is expanded into the home -directory of the process owner. +The `~` (tilde) character at the beginning of a parameter, followed by a username, is expanded into the home directory of the specified user. A lone `~`, or a `~` followed by a slash, is expanded into the home directory of the process owner. + \subsection expand-process Process expansion -The \% (percent) character at the beginning of a parameter followed by -a string is expanded into a process ID (PID). The following expansions are -performed: - -- If the string is the entire word \c self, the shell's PID is the result. -- Otherwise, if the string is the ID of a job, the result is the process -group ID of the job. -- Otherwise, if any child processes match the specified string, their -PIDs are the result of the expansion. -- Otherwise, if any processes owned by the user match the specified -string, their PIDs are the result of the expansion. +The `%` (percent) character at the beginning of a parameter followed by a string is expanded into a process ID (PID). The following expansions are performed: + +- If the string is the entire word `self`, the shell's PID is the result. +- Otherwise, if the string is the ID of a job, the result is the process group ID of the job. +- Otherwise, if any child processes match the specified string, their PIDs are the result of the expansion. +- Otherwise, if any processes owned by the user match the specified string, their PIDs are the result of the expansion. - If none of these matches apply, an error is produced. -This form of expansion is useful for commands like kill and fg, which -take process IDs as arguments. +This form of expansion is useful for commands like kill and fg, which take process IDs as arguments. Example: -<code>fg \%ema</code> will search for a process whose command line begins -with the letters 'ema', such as emacs, and if found, put it in the -foreground. +`fg %ema` will search for a process whose command line begins with the letters 'ema', such as emacs, and if found, put it in the foreground. + +`kill -s SIGINT %3` will send the SIGINT signal to the job with job ID 3. -<code>kill -s SIGINT \%3</code> will send the SIGINT signal to the job -with job ID 3. \subsection combine Combining different expansions -All of the above expansions can be combined. If several expansions -result in more than one parameter, all possible combinations are -created. +All of the above expansions can be combined. If several expansions result in more than one parameter, all possible combinations are created. When combining multiple parameter expansions, expansions are performed in the following order: @@ -793,138 +533,95 @@ When combining multiple parameter expansions, expansions are performed in the fo - Pid expansion - Wildcard expansion -Expansions are performed from right to left, nested bracket expansions -are performed from the inside and out. +Expansions are performed from right to left, nested bracket expansions are performed from the inside and out. Example: -If the current directory contains the files 'foo' and 'bar', the command -<code>echo a(ls){1,2,3} </code> -will output 'abar1 abar2 abar3 afoo1 afoo2 afoo3'. +If the current directory contains the files 'foo' and 'bar', the command `echo a(ls){1,2,3} ` will output 'abar1 abar2 abar3 afoo1 afoo2 afoo3'. \section variables Shell variables -Shell variables are named pieces of data, which can be created, deleted -and their values changed and used by the user. Variables may optionally be "exported", so -that a copy of the variable is available to any subprocesses the shell creates. An -exported variable is referred to as an "environment variable". +Shell variables are named pieces of data, which can be created, deleted and their values changed and used by the user. Variables may optionally be "exported", so that a copy of the variable is available to any subprocesses the shell creates. An exported variable is referred to as an "environment variable". -To set a variable value, use the <a href="commands.html#set"> \c set -command</a>. +To set a variable value, use the <a href="commands.html#set">`set` command</a>. Example: -To set the variable \c smurf_color to the value \c blue, use the command -<code>set smurf_color blue</code>. +To set the variable `smurf_color` to the value `blue`, use the command `set smurf_color blue`. -After a variable has been set, you can use the value of a variable in -the shell through <a href="#expand-variable">variable expansion</a>. +After a variable has been set, you can use the value of a variable in the shell through <a href="#expand-variable">variable expansion</a>. Example: -To use the value of the variable \c smurf, write $ (dollar symbol) -followed by the name of the variable, like <code>echo Smurfs are -usually $smurf_color</code>, which would print the result 'Smurfs are -usually blue'. +To use the value of the variable `smurf`, write `$` (dollar symbol) followed by the name of the variable, like `echo Smurfs are usually $smurf_color`, which would print the result 'Smurfs are usually blue'. + \subsection variables-scope Variable scope -There are three kinds of variables in fish: universal, global and -local variables. Universal variables are shared between all fish -sessions a user is running on one computer. Global variables are -specific to the current fish session, but are not associated with any -specific block scope, and will never be erased unless the user -explicitly requests it using <code>set -e</code>. Local variables are -specific to the current fish session, and associated with a specific -block of commands, and is automatically erased when a specific block -goes out of scope. A block of commands is a series of commands that -begins with one of the commands \c for, \c while , \c if, \c -function, \c begin or \c switch, and ends with the command \c -end. The user can specify that a variable should have either global -or local scope using the \c -g/--global or \c -l/--local switches. - -Variables can be explicitly set to be universal with the \c -U or \c ---universal switch, global with the \c -g or \c --global switch, or -local with the \c -l or \c --local switch. The scoping rules when -creating or updating a variable are: +There are three kinds of variables in fish: universal, global and local variables. Universal variables are shared between all fish sessions a user is running on one computer. Global variables are specific to the current fish session, but are not associated with any specific block scope, and will never be erased unless the user explicitly requests it using `set -e`. Local variables are specific to the current fish session, and associated with a specific block of commands, and is automatically erased when a specific block goes out of scope. A block of commands is a series of commands that begins with one of the commands `for`, `while` , `if`, `function`, `begin` or `switch`, and ends with the command `end`. The user can specify that a variable should have either global or local scope using the `-g/--global` or `-l/--local` switches. + +Variables can be explicitly set to be universal with the `-U` or `--universal` switch, global with the `-g` or `--global` switch, or local with the `-l` or `--local` switch. The scoping rules when creating or updating a variable are: -# If a variable is explicitly set to either universal, global or local, that setting will be honored. If a variable of the same name exists in a different scope, that variable will not be changed. -# If a variable is not explicitly set to be either universal, global or local, but has been previously defined, the variable scope is not changed. --# If a variable is not explicitly set to be either universal, global or local and has never before been defined, the variable will be local to the currently executing function. Note that this is different from using the \c -l or \c --local flag. If one of those flags is used, the variable will be local to the most inner currently executing block, while without these the variable will be local to the function. If no function is executing, the variable will be global. -There may be many variables with the same name, but different scopes. -When using a variable, the variable scope will be searched from the -inside out, i.e. a local variable will be used rather than a global -variable with the same name, a global variable will be used rather -than a universal variable with the same name. +-# If a variable is not explicitly set to be either universal, global or local and has never before been defined, the variable will be local to the currently executing function. Note that this is different from using the `-l` or `--local` flag. If one of those flags is used, the variable will be local to the most inner currently executing block, while without these the variable will be local to the function. If no function is executing, the variable will be global. + +There may be many variables with the same name, but different scopes. When using a variable, the variable scope will be searched from the inside out, i.e. a local variable will be used rather than a global variable with the same name, a global variable will be used rather than a universal variable with the same name. Example: The following code will not output anything: -<pre> + +\fish begin - # This is a nice local scope where all variables will die - set -l pirate 'There be treasure in them thar hills' + # This is a nice local scope where all variables will die + set -l pirate 'There be treasure in them thar hills' end -# This will not output anything, since the pirate was local echo $pirate -</pre> +# This will not output anything, since the pirate was local +\endfish + \subsection variables-universal More on universal variables -Universal variables are variables that are shared between all the -users fish sessions on the computer. Fish stores many of its -configuration options as universal variables. This means that in order -to change fish settings, all you have to do is change the variable -value once, and it will be automatically updated for all sessions, and -preserved across computer reboots and login/logout. +Universal variables are variables that are shared between all the users fish sessions on the computer. Fish stores many of its configuration options as universal variables. This means that in order to change fish settings, all you have to do is change the variable value once, and it will be automatically updated for all sessions, and preserved across computer reboots and login/logout. -To see universal variables in action, start two fish sessions side by -side, and issue the following command in one of them <code>set -fish_color_cwd blue</code>. Since \c fish_color_cwd is a universal -variable, the color of the current working directory listing in the -prompt will instantly change to blue on both terminals. +To see universal variables in action, start two fish sessions side by side, and issue the following command in one of them `set fish_color_cwd blue`. Since `fish_color_cwd` is a universal variable, the color of the current working directory listing in the prompt will instantly change to blue on both terminals. \subsection variables-functions Variable scope for functions -When calling a function, all current local variables temporarily -disappear. This shadowing of the local scope is needed since the -variable namespace would become cluttered, making it very easy to -accidentally overwrite variables from another function. -For example, the following code will output 'Avast, mateys': +When calling a function, all current local variables temporarily disappear. This shadowing of the local scope is needed since the variable namespace would become cluttered, making it very easy to accidentally overwrite variables from another function. -<pre> +For example, the following code will output '`Avast, mateys`': + +\fish function shiver - set phrase 'Shiver me timbers' + set phrase 'Shiver me timbers' end function avast - set phrase 'Avast, mateys' + set phrase 'Avast, mateys' - # Calling the shiver function here can not change any variables - # in the local scope - shiver + # Calling the shiver function here can not change any variables + # in the local scope + shiver - echo $phrase + echo $phrase end avast -</pre> +\endfish + \subsection variables-export Exporting variables -Variables in fish can be exported. This means the variable will be -inherited by any commands started by fish. It is convention that -exported variables are in uppercase and unexported variables are in -lowercase. +Variables in fish can be exported. This means the variable will be inherited by any commands started by fish. It is convention that exported variables are in uppercase and unexported variables are in lowercase. -Variables can be explicitly set to be exported with the \c -x or \c ---export switch, or not exported with the \c -u or \c --unexport -switch. The exporting rules when creating or updating a variable are -identical to the scoping rules for variables: +Variables can be explicitly set to be exported with the `-x` or `--export` switch, or not exported with the `-u` or `--unexport` switch. The exporting rules when creating or updating a variable are identical to the scoping rules for variables: -# If a variable is explicitly set to either be exported or not exported, that setting will be honored. -# If a variable is not explicitly set to be exported or not exported, but has been previously defined, the previous exporting rule for the variable is kept. @@ -933,59 +630,46 @@ identical to the scoping rules for variables: \subsection variables-arrays Arrays -\c fish can store a list of multiple strings inside of a variable. To -access one element of an array, use the index of the element inside of -square brackets, like this: +`fish` can store a list of multiple strings inside of a variable. To access one element of an array, use the index of the element inside of square brackets, like this: -<pre> -echo $PATH[3] -</pre> +`echo $PATH[3]` -Note that array indices start at 1 in fish, not 0, as is more common -in other languages. This is because many common Unix tools like \c seq -are more suited to such use. +Note that array indices start at 1 in `fish`, not 0, as is more common in other languages. This is because many common Unix tools like `seq` are more suited to such use. -If you do not use any brackets, all the elements of the array will be -written as separate items. This means you can easily iterate over an -array using this syntax: +If you do not use any brackets, all the elements of the array will be written as separate items. This means you can easily iterate over an array using this syntax: -<pre> +\fish for i in $PATH; echo $i is in the path; end -</pre> +\endfish -To create a variable \c smurf, containing the items \c blue and \c -small, simply write: +To create a variable `smurf`, containing the items `blue` and `small`, simply write: -<pre> +\fish set smurf blue small -</pre> +\endfish It is also possible to set or erase individual elements of an array: -<pre> -\#Set smurf to be an array with the elements 'blue' and 'small' +\fish +# Set smurf to be an array with the elements 'blue' and 'small' set smurf blue small -\#Change the second element of smurf to 'evil' +# Change the second element of smurf to 'evil' set smurf[2] evil -\#Erase the first element +# Erase the first element set -e smurf[1] -\#Output 'evil' +# Output 'evil' echo $smurf -</pre> +\endfish -If you specify a negative index when expanding or assigning to an -array variable, the index will be calculated from the end of the -array. For example, the index -1 means the last index of an array. +If you specify a negative index when expanding or assigning to an array variable, the index will be calculated from the end of the array. For example, the index -1 means the last index of an array. -A range of indices can be specified, see <a href='#expand-index-range'>index -range expansion</a> for details. +A range of indices can be specified, see <a href='#expand-index-range'>index range expansion</a> for details. + +All arrays are one-dimensional and cannot contain other arrays, although it is possible to fake nested arrays using the dereferencing rules of <a href="#expand-variable">variable expansion</a>. -All arrays are one-dimensional and cannot contain other arrays, although -it is possible to fake nested arrays using the dereferencing rules of -<a href="#expand-variable">variable expansion</a>. \subsection variables-special Special variables @@ -1029,18 +713,11 @@ user. Changing their value may break fish. \subsection variables-status The status variable -Whenever a process exits, an exit status is returned to the program -that started it (usually the shell). This exit status is an integer -number, which tells the calling application how the execution of the -command went. In general, a zero exit status means that the command -executed without problem, but a non-zero exit status means there was -some form of problem. +Whenever a process exits, an exit status is returned to the program that started it (usually the shell). This exit status is an integer number, which tells the calling application how the execution of the command went. In general, a zero exit status means that the command executed without problem, but a non-zero exit status means there was some form of problem. -Fish stores the exit status of the last process in the last job to -exit in the \c status variable. +Fish stores the exit status of the last process in the last job to exit in the `status` variable. -If \c fish encounters a problem while executing a command, the status -variable may also be set to a specific value: +If `fish` encounters a problem while executing a command, the status variable may also be set to a specific value: - 1 is the generally the exit status from fish builtin commands if they were supplied with invalid arguments - 124 means that the command was not executed because none of the wildcards in the command produced any matches @@ -1050,251 +727,194 @@ variable may also be set to a specific value: If a process exits through a signal, the exit status will be 128 plus the number of the signal. + \subsection variables-color Variables for changing highlighting colors -The colors used by fish for syntax highlighting can be configured by -changing the values of a various variables. The value of these -variables can be one of the colors accepted by the <a -href='commands.html#set_color'>set_color</a> command. The \c --bold -or \c -b switches accepted by \c set_color are also accepted. - -The following variables are available to change the highlighting colors -in fish: - -- \c fish_color_normal, the default color -- \c fish_color_command, the color for commands -- \c fish_color_quote, the color for quoted blocks of text -- \c fish_color_redirection, the color for IO redirections -- \c fish_color_end, the color for process separators like ';' and '&' -- \c fish_color_error, the color used to highlight potential errors -- \c fish_color_param, the color for regular command parameters -- \c fish_color_comment, the color used for code comments -- \c fish_color_match, the color used to highlight matching parenthesis -- \c fish_color_search_match, the color used to highlight history search matches -- \c fish_color_operator, the color for parameter expansion operators like '*' and '~' -- \c fish_color_escape, the color used to highlight character escapes like '\\n' and '\\x70' -- \c fish_color_cwd, the color used for the current working directory in the default prompt +The colors used by fish for syntax highlighting can be configured by changing the values of a various variables. The value of these variables can be one of the colors accepted by the <a href='commands.html#set_color'>set_color</a> command. The `--bold` or `-b` switches accepted by `set_color` are also accepted. + +The following variables are available to change the highlighting colors in fish: + +- `fish_color_normal`, the default color +- `fish_color_command`, the color for commands +- `fish_color_quote`, the color for quoted blocks of text +- `fish_color_redirection`, the color for IO redirections +- `fish_color_end`, the color for process separators like ';' and '&' +- `fish_color_error`, the color used to highlight potential errors +- `fish_color_param`, the color for regular command parameters +- `fish_color_comment`, the color used for code comments +- `fish_color_match`, the color used to highlight matching parenthesis +- `fish_color_search_match`, the color used to highlight history search matches +- `fish_color_operator`, the color for parameter expansion operators like '*' and '~' +- `fish_color_escape`, the color used to highlight character escapes like '\\n' and '\\x70' +- `fish_color_cwd`, the color used for the current working directory in the default prompt Additionally, the following variables are available to change the highlighting in the completion pager: -- \c fish_pager_color_prefix, the color of the prefix string, i.e. the string that is to be completed -- \c fish_pager_color_completion, the color of the completion itself -- \c fish_pager_color_description, the color of the completion description -- \c fish_pager_color_progress, the color of the progress bar at the bottom left corner -- \c fish_pager_color_secondary, the background color of the every second completion +- `fish_pager_color_prefix`, the color of the prefix string, i.e. the string that is to be completed +- `fish_pager_color_completion`, the color of the completion itself +- `fish_pager_color_description`, the color of the completion description +- `fish_pager_color_progress`, the color of the progress bar at the bottom left corner +- `fish_pager_color_secondary`, the background color of the every second completion Example: To make errors highlighted and red, use: -<code>set fish_color_error red --bold</code> +\fish +set fish_color_error red --bold +\endfish + \subsection variables-locale Locale variables -The most common way to set the locale to use a command like 'set -x -LANG en_GB.utf8', which sets the current locale to be the English -language, as used in Great Britain, using the UTF-8 character set. For -a list of available locales, use 'locale -a'. +The most common way to set the locale to use a command like 'set -x LANG en_GB.utf8', which sets the current locale to be the English language, as used in Great Britain, using the UTF-8 character set. For a list of available locales, use 'locale -a'. + +`LANG`, `LC_ALL`, `LC_COLLATE`, `LC_CTYPE`, `LC_MESSAGES`, `LC_MONETARY`, `LC_NUMERIC` and `LC_TIME` set the language option for the shell and subprograms. These variables work as follows: `LC_ALL` forces all the aspects of the locale to the specified value. If `LC_ALL` is set, all other locale variables will be ignored. The other `LC_` variables set the specified aspect of the locale information. `LANG` is a fallback value, it will be used if none of the `LC_` variables are specified. -\c LANG, \c LC_ALL, \c LC_COLLATE, \c LC_CTYPE, \c LC_MESSAGES, \c -LC_MONETARY, \c LC_NUMERIC and LC_TIME set the language option for the -shell and subprograms. These variables work as follows: \c LC_ALL -forces all the aspects of the locale to the specified value. If LC_ALL -is set, all other locale variables will be ignored. The other LC_ -variables set the specified aspect of the locale information. LANG -is a fallback value, it will be used if none of the LC_ variables are -specified. \section builtin-overview Builtin commands -Many other shells have a large library of builtin commands. Most of -these commands are also available as standalone commands, but have -been implemented in the shell anyway. To avoid -code duplication, and to avoid the confusion of subtly differing -versions of the same command, \c fish generally only implements builtins for -actions which cannot be performed by a regular command. +Many other shells have a large library of builtin commands. Most of these commands are also available as standalone commands, but have been implemented in the shell anyway. To avoid code duplication, and to avoid the confusion of subtly differing versions of the same command, `fish` generally only implements builtins for actions which cannot be performed by a regular command. + +For a list of all builtins, functions and commands shipped with fish, see the <a href="#toc-commands">table of contents</a>. The documentation is also available by using the `--help` switch of the command. -For a list of all builtins, functions and commands shipped with fish, -see the <a href="#toc-commands">table of contents</a>. The -documentation is also available by using the <code>--help</code> -switch of the command. \section editor Command line editor -The \c fish editor features copy and paste, a searchable history and -many editor functions that can be bound to special keyboard -shortcuts. +The `fish` editor features copy and paste, a searchable history and many editor functions that can be bound to special keyboard shortcuts. + +Similar to bash, fish has Emacs and Vi editing modes. The default editing mode is Emacs. You can switch to Vi mode with `fish_vi_key_bindings` and switch back with `fish_default_key_bindings`. -Similar to bash, fish has Emacs and Vi editing modes. The default -editing mode is Emacs. You can switch to Vi mode with \c fish_vi_key_bindings -and switch back with \c fish_default_key_bindings. \subsection emacs-mode Emacs mode commands -- Tab <a href="#completion">completes</a> the current token. -- Home or Ctrl-A moves the cursor to the beginning of the line. -- End or Ctrl-E moves to the end of line. If the cursor is already at the end of the line, and an autosuggestion is available, End or Ctrl-E accepts the autosuggestion. -- Left (or Ctrl-B) and Right (or Ctrl-F) move the cursor left or right by one character. If the cursor is already at the end of the line, and an autosuggestion is available, the Right key and the Ctrl-F combination accept the suggestion. -- Alt-Left and Alt-Right move the cursor one word left or right, or moves forward/backward in the directory history if the command line is empty. If the cursor is already at the end of the line, and an autosuggestion is available, Alt-Right (or Alt-F) accepts the first word in the suggestion. -- Up and Down search the command history for the previous/next command containing the string that was specified on the commandline before the search was started. If the commandline was empty when the search started, all commands match. See the <a href='#history'>history </a>section for more information on history searching. -- Alt-Up and Alt-Down search the command history for the previous/next token containing the token under the cursor before the search was started. If the commandline was not on a token when the search started, all tokens match. See the <a href='#history'>history </a>section for more information on history searching. -- Delete and Backspace removes one character forwards or backwards respectively. -- Ctrl-C deletes the entire line. -- Ctrl-D delete one character to the right of the cursor. If the command line is empty, Ctrl-D will exit fish. -- Ctrl-K moves contents from the cursor to the end of line to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. -- Ctrl-U moves contents from the beginning of line to the cursor to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. -- Ctrl-L clears and repaints the screen. -- Ctrl-W moves the previous word to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. -- Alt-D moves the next word to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. -- Alt-W prints a short description of the command under the cursor. -- Alt-L lists the contents of the current directory, unless the cursor is over a directory argument, in which case the contents of that directory will be listed. -- Alt-P adds the string <code>'| less;'</code> to the end of the job under the cursor. The result is that the output of the command will be paged. -- Alt-C capitalizes the current word. -- Alt-U makes the current word uppercase. -- F1 shows the manual page for the current command, if one exists. - -You can change these key bindings using the -<a href="commands.html#bind">bind</a> builtin command. +- @key{Tab} <a href="#completion">completes</a> the current token. +- @key{Home} or @key{Control,A} moves the cursor to the beginning of the line. +- @key{End} or @key{Control,E} moves to the end of line. If the cursor is already at the end of the line, and an autosuggestion is available, @key{End} or @key{Control,E} accepts the autosuggestion. +- @cursor_key{←,Left} (or @key{Control,B}) and @cursor_key{→,Right} (or @key{Control,F}) move the cursor left or right by one character. If the cursor is already at the end of the line, and an autosuggestion is available, the @cursor_key{→,Right} key and the @key{Control,F} combination accept the suggestion. +- @key{Alt,←,Left} and @key{Alt,→,Right} move the cursor one word left or right, or moves forward/backward in the directory history if the command line is empty. If the cursor is already at the end of the line, and an autosuggestion is available, @key{Alt,→,Right} (or @key{Alt,F}) accepts the first word in the suggestion. +- @cursor_key{↑,Up} and @cursor_key{↓,Down} search the command history for the previous/next command containing the string that was specified on the commandline before the search was started. If the commandline was empty when the search started, all commands match. See the <a href='#history'>history </a>section for more information on history searching. +- @key{Alt,↑,Up} and @key{Alt,↓,Down} search the command history for the previous/next token containing the token under the cursor before the search was started. If the commandline was not on a token when the search started, all tokens match. See the <a href='#history'>history </a>section for more information on history searching. +- @key{Delete} and @key{Backspace} removes one character forwards or backwards respectively. +- @key{Control,C} deletes the entire line. +- @key{Control,D} delete one character to the right of the cursor. If the command line is empty, @key{Control,D} will exit fish. +- @key{Control,K} moves contents from the cursor to the end of line to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. +- @key{Control,U} moves contents from the beginning of line to the cursor to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. +- @key{Control,L} clears and repaints the screen. +- @key{Control,W} moves the previous word to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. +- @key{Alt,D} moves the next word to the <a href="#killring">killring</a>. +- @key{Alt,W} prints a short description of the command under the cursor. +- @key{Alt,L} lists the contents of the current directory, unless the cursor is over a directory argument, in which case the contents of that directory will be listed. +- @key{Alt,P} adds the string '`| less;`' to the end of the job under the cursor. The result is that the output of the command will be paged. +- @key{Alt,C} capitalizes the current word. +- @key{Alt,U} makes the current word uppercase. +- @key{F1} shows the manual page for the current command, if one exists. + +You can change these key bindings using the <a href="commands.html#bind">bind</a> builtin command. + \subsection vi-mode Vi mode commands -Vi mode allows for the use of Vi-like commands when at the bash prompt. -You'll initially be in insert mode. Hitting the escape key takes you -into command mode where you can use, but aren't limited to, the following. - -- h moves cursor left -- l moves cursor right -- A moves cursor to end of line and put in insert mode -- 0 (zero) Move cursor to beginning of line (doesn't put in insert mode) -- i put into insert mode at current position -- a put into insert mode after current position -- dd Delete line (saved for pasting) -- D delete text after current cursor position (saved for pasting) -- p paste text that was deleted -- u undo +Vi mode allows for the use of Vi-like commands when at the bash prompt. You'll initially be in insert mode. Hitting the escape key takes you into command mode where you can use, but aren't limited to, the following. + +- @key{h} moves cursor left +- @key{l} moves cursor right +- @key{Shift,A} moves cursor to end of line and put in insert mode +- @key{0} (zero) Move cursor to beginning of line (doesn't put in insert mode) +- @key{i} put into insert mode at current position +- @key{a} put into insert mode after current position +- @key{d}@key{d} Delete line (saved for pasting) +- @key{Shift,D} delete text after current cursor position (saved for pasting) +- @key{p} paste text that was deleted +- @key{u} undo - etc for many of the other Vi commands + \subsection killring Copy and paste (Kill Ring) -\c fish uses an Emacs style kill ring for copy and paste -functionality. Use Ctrl-K to cut from the current cursor position to -the end of the line. The string that is cut (a.k.a. killed) is -inserted into a linked list of kills, called the kill ring. To paste -the latest value from the kill ring use Ctrl-Y. After pasting, use -Meta-Y to rotate to the previous kill. +`fish` uses an Emacs style kill ring for copy and paste functionality. Use @key{Control,K} to cut from the current cursor position to the end of the line. The string that is cut (a.k.a. killed) is inserted into a linked list of kills, called the kill ring. To paste the latest value from the kill ring use @key{Control,Y}. After pasting, use @key{Alt,Y} to rotate to the previous kill. + +If the environment variable `DISPLAY` is set and the `xsel` program is installed, `fish` will try to connect to the X Windows server specified by this variable, and use the clipboard on the X server for copying and pasting. -If the environment variable DISPLAY is set and the \c xsel program is installed, \c fish will try to -connect to the X Windows server specified by this variable, and use -the clipboard on the X server for copying and pasting. -\subsection history Searchable history +\subsection history-search Searchable history -After a command has been entered, it is inserted at the end of a -history list. Any duplicate history items are automatically -removed. By pressing the up and down keys, the user can search -forwards and backwards in the history. If the current command line is -not empty when starting a history search, only the commands containing -the string entered into the command line are shown. +After a command has been entered, it is inserted at the end of a history list. Any duplicate history items are automatically removed. By pressing the up and down keys, the user can search forwards and backwards in the history. If the current command line is not empty when starting a history search, only the commands containing the string entered into the command line are shown. -By pressing Alt-Up and Alt-Down, a history search is also performed, -but instead of searching for a complete commandline, each commandline -is broken into separate elements just like it would be before -execution, and the history is searched for an element matching that under -the cursor. +By pressing @key{Alt,↑,Up} and @key{Alt,↓,Down}, a history search is also performed, but instead of searching for a complete commandline, each commandline is broken into separate elements just like it would be before execution, and the history is searched for an element matching that under the cursor. History searches can be aborted by pressing the escape key. -Prefixing the commandline with a space will prevent the entire line -from being stored in the history. +Prefixing the commandline with a space will prevent the entire line from being stored in the history. -The history is stored in the file <code>~/.config/fish/fish_history</code>. +The history is stored in the file `~/.config/fish/fish_history`. Examples: -To search for previous entries containing the word \c 'make', type \c 'make' -in the console and press the up key. +To search for previous entries containing the word 'make', type `make` in the console and press the up key. + +If the commandline reads `cd m`, place the cursor over the `m` character and press @key{Alt,↑,Up} to search for previously typed words containing 'm'. -If the commandline reads '<code>cd m</code>', place the cursor over the \c m -character and press Alt-Up to search for previously typed words containing 'm'. \subsection multiline Multiline editing -The fish commandline editor can be used to work on commands that are -several lines long. There are three ways to make a command span more -than a single line: +The fish commandline editor can be used to work on commands that are several lines long. There are three ways to make a command span more than a single line: + +- Pressing the @key{Enter} key while a block of commands is unclosed, such as when one or more block commands such as `for`, `begin` or `if` do not have a corresponding `end` command. +- Pressing @key{Alt,Enter} instead of pressing the @key{Enter} key. +- By inserting a backslash (`\`) character before pressing the @key{Enter} key, escaping the newline. -- Pressing the Enter key while a block of commands is unclosed, such as when one or more block commands such as \c 'for', \c 'begin' or \c 'if' do not have a corresponding \c 'end' command. -- Pressing Alt-Enter instead of pressing the Enter key. -- By inserting a backslash (\\) character before pressing the Enter key, escaping the newline. +The fish commandline editor works exactly the same in single line mode and in multiline mode. To move between lines use the left and right arrow keys and other such keyboard shortcuts. -The fish commandline editor works exactly the same in single line mode -and in multiline mode. To move between lines use the left and right -arrow keys and other such keyboard shortcuts. \section job-control Running multiple programs -Normally when \c fish starts a program, this program will be put in -the foreground, meaning it will take control of the terminal and \c -fish will be stopped until the program finishes. Sometimes this is not -desirable. For example, you may wish to start an application with a -graphical user interface from the terminal, and then be able to -continue using the shell. In such cases, there are several ways in -which the user can change <code>fish</code>'s behavior. +Normally when `fish` starts a program, this program will be put in the foreground, meaning it will take control of the terminal and `fish` will be stopped until the program finishes. Sometimes this is not desirable. For example, you may wish to start an application with a graphical user interface from the terminal, and then be able to continue using the shell. In such cases, there are several ways in which the user can change fish's behavior. + +-# By ending a command with the `&` (ampersand) symbol, the user tells `fish` to put the specified command into the background. A background process will be run simultaneous with `fish`. `fish` will retain control of the terminal, so the program will not be able to read from the keyboard. + +-# By pressing @key{Control,Z}, the user stops a currently running foreground program and returns control to `fish`. Some programs do not support this feature, or remap it to another key. GNU Emacs uses @key{Control,X} @key{z} to stop running. --# By ending a command with the \& (ampersand) symbol, the user tells \c fish to put the specified command into the background. A background process will be run simultaneous with \c fish. \c fish will retain control of the terminal, so the program will not be able to read from the keyboard. --# By pressing ^Z, the user stops a currently running foreground program and returns control to \c fish. Some programs do not support this feature, or remap it to another key. GNU Emacs uses ^X z to stop running. --# By using the <a href="commands.html#fg">fg</a> and <a href="commands.html#bg">bg</a> builtin commands, the user can send any currently running job into the foreground or background. +-# By using the <a href="commands.html#fg">`fg`</a> and <a href="commands.html#bg">`bg`</a> builtin commands, the user can send any currently running job into the foreground or background. + +Note that functions cannot be started in the background. Functions that are stopped and then restarted in the background using the `bg` command will not execute correctly. -Note that functions cannot be started in the background. Functions that -are stopped and then restarted in the background using the \c bg command -will not execute correctly. \section initialization Initialization files -On startup, \c fish evaluates the files /usr/share/fish/config.fish -(Or /usr/local/fish... if you installed fish in /usr/local), -/etc/fish/config.fish (Or ~/etc/fish/... if you installed fish in your -home directory) and ~/.config/fish/config.fish (Or any other directory -specified by the \$XDG_CONFIG_HOME variable), in that order. The first -file should not be directly edited, the second one is meant for -systemwide configuration and the last one is meant for user -configuration. If you want to run a command only on starting an -interactive shell, use the exit status of the command 'status ---is-interactive' to determine if the shell is interactive. If you -want to run a command only when using a login shell, use 'status ---is-login' instead. +On startup, `fish` evaluates the files `/usr/share/fish/config.fish` (Or `/usr/local/fish...` if you installed fish in `/usr/local`), `/etc/fish/config.fish` (Or `~/etc/fish/...` if you installed fish in your home directory) and `~/.config/fish/config.fish` (Or any other directory specified by the `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` variable), in that order. + +The first file should not be directly edited, the second one is meant for systemwide configuration and the last one is meant for user configuration. If you want to run a command only on starting an interactive shell, use the exit status of the command `status --is-interactive` to determine if the shell is interactive. If you want to run a command only when using a login shell, use `status --is-login` instead. Examples: -If you want to add the directory ~/linux/bin to your PATH variable -when using a login shell, add the following to your ~/.config/fish/config.fish file: +If you want to add the directory `~/linux/bin` to your PATH variable when using a login shell, add the following to your `~/.config/fish/config.fish` file: -<pre>if status --is-login - set PATH $PATH ~/linux/bin -end</pre> +\fish +if status --is-login + set PATH $PATH ~/linux/bin +end +\endfish -If you want to run a set of commands when \c fish exits, use an <a -href='#event'>event handler</a> that is triggered by the exit of the -shell: +If you want to run a set of commands when `fish` exits, use an <a href='#event'>event handler</a> that is triggered by the exit of the shell: -<pre>function on_exit --on-process \%self - echo fish is now exiting -end</pre> +\fish +function on_exit --on-process %self + echo fish is now exiting +end +\endfish + + +<a href="#variables-universal">Universal variables</a> are stored in the file `.config/fish/fishd.MACHINE_ID`, where MACHINE_ID is typically your MAC address. Do not edit this file directly, as your edits may be overwritten. Edit them through fish scripts or by using fish interactively instead. -<a href="#variables-universal">Universal variables</a> are stored in -the file .config/fish/fishd.MACHINE_ID, where MACHINE_ID is typically your -MAC address. Do not edit this file directly, as your edits may be overwritten. -Edit them through fish scripts or by using fish interactively instead. \section other Other features + \subsection color Syntax highlighting -\c fish interprets the command line as it is typed and uses syntax -highlighting to provide feedback to the user. The most important -feedback is the detection of potential errors. By default, errors are -marked red. +`fish` interprets the command line as it is typed and uses syntax highlighting to provide feedback to the user. The most important feedback is the detection of potential errors. By default, errors are marked red. Detected errors include: @@ -1303,24 +923,13 @@ Detected errors include: - Incorrect use of output redirects - Mismatched parenthesis -When the cursor is over a parenthesis or a quote, \c fish also -highlights its matching quote or parenthesis. - -To customize the syntax highlighting, you can set the environment -variables \c fish_color_normal, \c fish_color_command, \c -fish_color_substitution, \c fish_color_redirection, \c fish_color_end, -\c fish_color_error, \c fish_color_param, \c fish_color_comment, \c -fish_color_match, \c fish_color_search_match, \c fish_color_cwd, \c -fish_pager_color_prefix, \c fish_pager_color_completion, \c -fish_pager_color_description, \c fish_pager_color_progress -and \c fish_pager_color_secondary. Usually, the value of these variables will -be one of \c black, \c red, \c green, \c brown, \c yellow, \c blue, \c -magenta, \c purple, \c cyan, \c white or \c normal, but they can be an -array containing any color options for the set_color command. - -Issuing <code>set fish_color_error black --background=red ---bold</code> will make all commandline errors be written in a black, -bold font, with a red background. + +When the cursor is over a parenthesis or a quote, `fish` also highlights its matching quote or parenthesis. + +To customize the syntax highlighting, you can set the environment variables `fish_color_normal`, `fish_color_command`, `fish_color_substitution`, `fish_color_redirection`, `fish_color_end`, `fish_color_error`, `fish_color_param`, `fish_color_comment`, `fish_color_match`, `fish_color_search_match`, `fish_color_cwd`, `fish_pager_color_prefix`, `fish_pager_color_completion`, `fish_pager_color_description`, `fish_pager_color_progress` and `fish_pager_color_secondary`. Usually, the value of these variables will be one of `black`, `red`, `green`, `brown`, `yellow`, `blue`, `magenta`, `purple`, `cyan`, `white` or `normal`, but they can be an array containing any color options for the `set_color` command. + +Issuing `set fish_color_error black --background=red --bold` will make all commandline errors be written in a black, bold font, with a red background. + \subsection title Programmable title @@ -1356,20 +965,16 @@ To show the last command in the title: function fish_title echo $argv[1] end -</pre> -</p> +\endfish \subsection greeting Configurable greeting -If a function named \c fish_greeting exists, it will be run when entering -interactive mode. Otherwise, if an environment variable named \c fish_greeting -exists, it will be printed. +If a function named `fish_greeting` exists, it will be run when entering interactive mode. Otherwise, if an environment variable named `fish_greeting` exists, it will be printed. + \subsection event Event handlers -When defining a new function in fish, it is possible to make it into an -event handler, i.e. a function that is automatically run when a -specific event takes place. Events that can trigger a handler currently are: +When defining a new function in fish, it is possible to make it into an event handler, i.e. a function that is automatically run when a specific event takes place. Events that can trigger a handler currently are: - When a signal is delivered - When a process or job exits @@ -1381,49 +986,39 @@ Example: To specify a signal handler for the WINCH signal, write: -<pre>function --on-signal WINCH my_signal_handler - echo Got WINCH signal! +\fish +function --on-signal WINCH my_signal_handler + echo Got WINCH signal! end -</pre> +\endfish + +For more information on how to define new event handlers, see the documentation for the <a href='commands.html#function'>function</a> command. -For more information on how to define new event handlers, see the -documentation for the <a href='commands.html#function'>function</a> -command. \subsection debugging Debugging fish scripts -Fish includes a built in debugger. The debugger allows you to stop -execution of a script at an arbitrary point and launch a prompt. This -prompt can then be used to check or change the value of any variables -or perform any shellscript command. To resume normal execution of the -script, simply exit the prompt. +Fish includes a built in debugger. The debugger allows you to stop execution of a script at an arbitrary point and launch a prompt. This prompt can then be used to check or change the value of any variables or perform any shellscript command. To resume normal execution of the script, simply exit the prompt. + +To start the debugger, simply call the builtin command `breakpoint`. The default action of the TRAP signal is to call this builtin, so a running script can be debugged by sending it the TRAP signal. Once in the debugger, it is easy to insert new breakpoints by using the funced function to edit the definition of a function. -To start the debugger, simply call the builtin command -'breakpoint'. The default action of the TRAP signal is to call this -builtin, so a running script can be debugged by sending it the TRAP -signal. Once in the debugger, it is easy to insert new breakpoints by -using the funced function to edit the definition of a function. \section issues Common issues with fish -If you install fish in your home directory, fish will not work -correctly for any other user than yourself. This is because fish needs -its initialization files to function properly. To solve this -problem, either copy the initialization files to each fish users home -directory, or install them in /etc. +If you install fish in your home directory, fish will not work correctly for any other user than yourself. This is because fish needs its initialization files to function properly. To solve this problem, either copy the initialization files to each fish users home directory, or install them in `/etc`. + \section more-help Further help and development -If you have a question not answered by this documentation, there are -several avenues for help: +If you have a question not answered by this documentation, there are several avenues for help: -# The official mailing list at <a href='https://lists.sf.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users'>fish-users@lists.sf.net</a> -# The Internet Relay Chat channel, \c #fish on \c irc.oftc.net -# The <a href="https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/">project GitHub page</a> -If you have an improvement for fish, you can submit it via the mailing list -or the GitHub page. -*/ +If you have an improvement for fish, you can submit it via the mailing list or the GitHub page. -\htmlonly </div> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +</div> +\endhtmlonly +*/ diff --git a/doc_src/isatty.txt b/doc_src/isatty.txt index 0a0caf73..33f0a6e7 100644 --- a/doc_src/isatty.txt +++ b/doc_src/isatty.txt @@ -1,29 +1,33 @@ \section isatty isatty - test if a file or file descriptor is a tty. \subsection isatty-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>isatty [FILE | DEVICE | FILE DESCRIPTOR NUMBER]</tt> +\fish{syn} +isatty [FILE | DEVICE | FILE DESCRIPTOR NUMBER] +\endfish \subsection isatty-description Description -<tt>isatty</tt> tests if a file or file descriptor is a tty. +`isatty` tests if a file or file descriptor is a tty. The argument may be in the form of a file path, device, or file descriptor -number. Without an argument, <tt>standard input</tt> is implied. +number. Without an argument, `standard input` is implied. If the resolved file descriptor is a tty, the command returns zero. Otherwise, the command exits one. No messages are printed to standard error. \subsection isatty-examples Examples From an interactive shell, the commands below exit with a return value of zero: -<pre> + +\fish isatty isatty stdout isatty 2 echo | isatty /dev/fd/1 -</pre> +\endfish And these will exit non-zero: -<pre> + +\fish echo | isatty isatty /dev/fd/9 isatty stdout > file isatty 2 2> file -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/jobs.txt b/doc_src/jobs.txt index 8b96d127..f47e618e 100644 --- a/doc_src/jobs.txt +++ b/doc_src/jobs.txt @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ \section jobs jobs - print currently running jobs \subsection jobs-synopsis Synopsis -<code>jobs [OPTIONS] [PID]</code> +\fish{syn} +jobs [OPTIONS] [PID] +\endfish \subsection jobs-description Description -<code>jobs</code> prints a list of the currently +`jobs` prints a list of the currently running <a href="index.html#syntax-job-control">jobs</a> and their status. jobs accepts the following switches: -- <code>-c</code> or <code>--command</code> prints the command name for each process in jobs. -- <code>-g</code> or <code>--group</code> only prints the group ID of each job. -- <code>-h</code> or <code>--help</code> displays a help message and exits. -- <code>-l</code> or <code>--last</code> prints only the last job to be started. -- <code>-p</code> or <code>--pid</code> prints the process ID for each process in all jobs. +- `-c` or `--command` prints the command name for each process in jobs. +- `-g` or `--group` only prints the group ID of each job. +- `-h` or `--help` displays a help message and exits. +- `-l` or `--last` prints only the last job to be started. +- `-p` or `--pid` prints the process ID for each process in all jobs. On systems that supports this feature, jobs will print the CPU usage of each job since the last command was executed. The CPU usage is @@ -22,4 +24,4 @@ multiprocessor systems, the total activity may be more than 100\%. \subsection jobs-example Example -<code>jobs</code> outputs a summary of the current jobs. +`jobs` outputs a summary of the current jobs. diff --git a/doc_src/license.hdr b/doc_src/license.hdr index f431e07a..1d736e4f 100644 --- a/doc_src/license.hdr +++ b/doc_src/license.hdr @@ -1,1308 +1,975 @@ /** \page license Licenses -\htmlonly <div class="fish_only_bar"> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +<div class="fish_only_bar"> +<div class="license"> +<h1 class="interior_title">Licenses for fish</h1> -<h2>License for fish</h2> +\endhtmlonly -Fish Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Axel Liljencrantz. Fish is released under -the GNU General Public License, version 2. The license agreement is -included below. +`fish` Copyright © 2005-2009 Axel Liljencrantz. `fish` is released under the GNU +General Public License, version 2. The license agreement is included below. +## <a name="GPL2_SEC1"> GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE -<H2><A NAME="SEC1" HREF="gpl.html#TOC1">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</A></H2> -<P> Version 2, June 1991 -</P> - -<PRE> -Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA - -Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies -of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. -</PRE> - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC2" HREF="gpl.html#TOC2">Preamble</A></H2> - -<P> -The licenses for most software are designed to take away your -freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public -License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free -software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This -General Public License applies to most of the Free Software -Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to -using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by -the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to -your programs, too. - -</P> -<P> -When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not -price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you -have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for -this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it -if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it -in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. - -</P> -<P> -To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid -anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. -These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you -distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. - -</P> -<P> - -For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether -gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that -you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the -source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their -rights. - -</P> -<P> -We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and -(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, -distribute and/or modify the software. - -</P> -<P> -Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain -that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free -software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we -want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so -that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original -authors' reputations. - -</P> -<P> -Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software -patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free -program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the -program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any -patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. - -</P> -<P> -The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and -modification follow. - - -</P> - -<H2><A NAME="SEC3" HREF="gpl.html#TOC3">TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION</A></H2> - - -<P> - -<STRONG>0.</STRONG> -This License applies to any program or other work which contains -a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed -under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, -refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" -means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: -that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, -either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another -language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in -the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". -<P> - -Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not -covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of -running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program -is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the -Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). -Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. - -<P> - -<STRONG>1.</STRONG> -You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's -source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you -conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate -copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the -notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; -and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License -along with the Program. -<P> - -You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and -you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. -<P> - -<STRONG>2.</STRONG> -You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion -of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and -distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 -above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: -<P> - -<DL> - -<DT> -<DD> -<STRONG>a)</STRONG> -You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices -stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. -</DD> -</DT> -</DL> -<P> -<DL> -<DT> -<DD> -<STRONG>b)</STRONG> -You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in -whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any -part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third -parties under the terms of this License. - -</DD> -</DT> -</DL> -<P> -<DL> -<DT> -<DD> -<STRONG>c)</STRONG> -If the modified program normally reads commands interactively -when run, you must cause it, when started running for such -interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an -announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a -notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide -a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under -these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this -License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but -does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on -the Program is not required to print an announcement.) -</DD> -</DT> -</DL> -<P> - -These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If -identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, -and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in -themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those -sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you -distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based -on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of -this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the + Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA + + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + +## <a name="GPL2_SEC2"> Preamble + + +The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share +and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to +guarantee your freedom to share and change free software - to make sure the +software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to +most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose +authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is +covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it +to your programs, too. + +When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our +General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to +distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), +that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change +the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you +can do these things. + +To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to +deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These +restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute +copies of the software, or if you modify it. + +For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for +a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must +make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must +show them these terms so they know their rights. + +We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) +offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute +and/or modify the software. + +Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that +everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the +software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to +know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced +by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. + +Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We +wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will +individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. +To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for +everyone's free use or not licensed at all. + +The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification +follow. + + +## <a name="GPL2_SEC3"> TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION + +- This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice +placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of +this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program +or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any +derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the +Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or +translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included +without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as +"you". + + Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered +by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program +is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its +contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been +made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program +does. + +1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as +you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and +appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and +disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License +and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the +Program a copy of this License along with the Program. + + You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may +at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. + +2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, +thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such +modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you +also meet all of these conditions: + + -# You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating +that you changed the files and the date of any change. + + -# You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or +in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be +licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this +License. + + -# If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, +you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most +ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate +copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that +you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under +these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. +(Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print +such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print +an announcement.) + + These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable +sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably +considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, +and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as +separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole +which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on +the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. -<P> - -Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest -your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to -exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or -collective works based on the Program. -<P> - -In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program -with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of -a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under -the scope of this License. - -<P> - -<STRONG>3.</STRONG> -You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, -under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of -Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: - - -<!-- we use this doubled UL to get the sub-sections indented, --> -<!-- while making the bullets as unobvious as possible. --> - -<DL> -<DT> - -<DD> -<STRONG>a)</STRONG> -Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable -source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections -1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, -</DD> -</DT> -</DL> -<P> -<DL> -<DT> -<DD> -<STRONG>b)</STRONG> -Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three -years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your -cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete -machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be -distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium -customarily used for software interchange; or, -</DD> - -</DT> -</DL> -<P> -<DL> -<DT> -<DD> -<STRONG>c)</STRONG> -Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer -to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is -allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you -received the program in object code or executable form with such -an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) -</DD> -</DT> -</DL> -<P> - -The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for -making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source -code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any -associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to -control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a -special exception, the source code distributed need not include -anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary -form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the -operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component -itself accompanies the executable. -<P> - -If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering -access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent -access to copy the source code from the same place counts as -distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not -compelled to copy the source along with the object code. -<P> - -<STRONG>4.</STRONG> -You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program -except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt -otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is -void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. -However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under -this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such -parties remain in full compliance. - -<P> - -<STRONG>5.</STRONG> -You are not required to accept this License, since you have not -signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or -distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are -prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by -modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the -Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and -all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying -the Program or works based on it. - -<P> - -<STRONG>6.</STRONG> - -Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the -Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the -original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to -these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further -restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. -You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to -this License. - -<P> - -<STRONG>7.</STRONG> -If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent + Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your +rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the +right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on +the Program. + + In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with +the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or +distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this +License. + +3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under +Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and +2 above provided that you also do one of the following: + + -# Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, +which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a +medium customarily used for software interchange; or, + + -# Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give +any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically +performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the +corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 +and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, + + -# Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to +distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only +for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in +object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with +Subsection b above.) + + The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making +modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all +the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface +definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and +installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source +code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in +either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and +so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that +component itself accompanies the executable. + + If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to +copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the +source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, +even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the +object code. + +4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as +expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, +sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate +your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or +rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so +long as such parties remain in full compliance. + +5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. +However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the +Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you +do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the +Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of +this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, +distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. + +6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), +the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to +copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. +You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the +rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by +third parties to this License. + +7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), -conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or -otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not -excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot -distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this -License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you -may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent -license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by -all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then -the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to +conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) +that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from +the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy +simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent +obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. +For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution +of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through +you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. -<P> - -If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under -any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to -apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other -circumstances. -<P> - -It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any -patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any -such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the -integrity of the free software distribution system, which is -implemented by public license practices. Many people have made -generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed -through that system in reliance on consistent application of that -system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing -to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot -impose that choice. -<P> - -This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to -be a consequence of the rest of this License. - - -<P> - -<STRONG>8.</STRONG> -If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in -certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the -original copyright holder who places the Program under this License -may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding -those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among -countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates -the limitation as if written in the body of this License. - -<P> - -<STRONG>9.</STRONG> -The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions -of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will -be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to -address new problems or concerns. -<P> - -Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program -specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any -later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions -either of that version or of any later version published by the Free -Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of -this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software -Foundation. - -<P> - -<STRONG>10.</STRONG> -If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free -programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author -to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free -Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes -make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals -of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and -of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. - - - -<P><STRONG>NO WARRANTY</STRONG></P> - -<P> - -<STRONG>11.</STRONG> -BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY -FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN -OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES -PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED -OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF -MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS -TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE -PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, -REPAIR OR CORRECTION. - -<P> - -<STRONG>12.</STRONG> - -IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING -WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR -REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, -INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING -OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED -TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY -YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER -PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE -POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. - -<P> - -<HR> - -<h2>License for wcslcat and wcslcpy</h2> - -\c fish also contains small amounts of code under the BSD -license, namely versions of the two functions strlcat and strlcpy, -modified for use with wide character strings. This code is copyrighted -by Todd C. Miller. - -Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any -purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above -copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. -THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL -WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE -AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR -PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER -TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR + If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any +particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and +the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. + + It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or +other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this +section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software +distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many +people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software +distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that +system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to +distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that +choice. + + This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a +consequence of the rest of this License. + +8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain +countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original +copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit +geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that +distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In +such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body +of this License. + +9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the +General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar +in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new +problems or concerns. + + Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program +specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later +version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of +that version or of any later version published by the Free Software +Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, +you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. + +10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs +whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for +permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software +Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make +exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of +preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of +promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. + + __NO WARRANTY__ + +11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR +THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE +STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE +PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, +INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND +PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, +YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. + +12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL +ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE +THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY +GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE +OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR +DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR +A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH +HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. + + +---- + +## License for wcslcat and wcslcpy + + +`fish` also contains small amounts of code under the BSD license, namely +versions of the two functions strlcat and strlcpy, modified for use with wide +character strings. This code is copyrighted by Todd C. Miller. + +Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose +with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright +notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. + +THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH +REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY +AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, +INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM +LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR +OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. -<HR> - -<h2>License for XSel</h2> - -The XSel command, written and copyrighted by Conrad Parker, is -distributed together with \c fish. - - -It is Copyright (C) 2001 Conrad Parker <conrad@vergenet.net> -Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software -and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, -provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that -both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in -supporting documentation. No representations are made about the -suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" -without express or implied warranty. +---- +## License for XSel -<HR> -<h2>License for xdgmime and glibc</h2> +The XSel command, written and copyrighted by Conrad Parker, is distributed +together with `fish`. -The xdgmime library, written and copyrighted by Red Hat, Inc, is used -by the mimedb command, which is a part of fish. It is released under -the LGPL, version 2 or later, or under the Academic Free License, -version 2. Version 2 of the LGPL license agreement is included below. +It is Copyright © 2001 Conrad Parker \<conrad@vergenet.net> -Fish contains code from the glibc library, namely the wcstok -function. This code is licensed under the LGPL, version 2 or -later. Version 2 of the LPGL license agreement is included below. +Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its +documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the +above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright +notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation. No +representations are made about the suitability of this software for any +purpose. It is provided "as is"without express or implied warranty. -<H2><A NAME="SEC1" HREF="#TOC1">GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</A></H2> - -<P> -Version 2.1, February 1999 - -<P> -<PRE> -Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA -Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies -of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. +---- -[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts - as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence - the version number 2.1.] -</PRE> +## License for xdgmime and glibc +The xdgmime library, written and copyrighted by Red Hat, Inc, is used by the +mimedb command, which is a part of fish. It is released under the LGPL, +version 2 or later, or under the Academic Free License, version 2. Version 2 +of the LGPL license agreement is included below. -<H2><A NAME="SEC2" HREF="#TOC2">Preamble</A></H2> +Fish contains code from the glibc library, namely the wcstok function. This +code is licensed under the LGPL, version 2 or later. Version 2 of the LPGL +license agreement is included below. -<P> - The licenses for most software are designed to take away your -freedom to share and change it. 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BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR +THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE +STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE +LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, +INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND +PERFORMANCE OF THE LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, +YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. + +16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL +ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE +THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY +GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE +OR INABILITY TO USE THE LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR +DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR +A FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF SUCH +HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. + + +---- + + +## License for printf + +Copyright © 1990-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Printf (from GNU Coreutils 6.9) is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2. The license agreement is included below. -<H2><A NAME="SEC1" HREF="gpl.html#TOC1">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</A></H2> -<P> -Version 2, June 1991 - -</P> - -<PRE> -Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA - -Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies -of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. -</PRE> - - -<H2><A NAME="SEC2" HREF="gpl.html#TOC2">Preamble</A></H2> - -<P> -The licenses for most software are designed to take away your -freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public -License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free -software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This -General Public License applies to most of the Free Software -Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to -using it. 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However, parties who have received copies, or +rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so +long as such parties remain in full compliance. + +5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. +However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the +Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you +do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the +Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of +this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, +distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. + +6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), +the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to +copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. +You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the +rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by +third parties to this License. + +7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), -conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or -otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not -excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot -distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this -License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you -may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent -license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by -all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then -the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to +conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) +that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from +the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy +simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent +obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. +For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution +of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through +you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. <P> @@ -1402,19 +1069,25 @@ POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. <h2>License for UTF8</h2> -<p>Copyright (c) 2007 Alexey Vatchenko <av@bsdua.org> +## License for UTF8 + +Copyright © 2007 Alexey Vatchenko \<av@bsdua.org> -<p>Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any +Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. -<p>THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES -WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF -MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR -ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES -WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN -ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF -OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. +THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH +REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY +AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, +INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM +LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR +OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR +PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. + -\htmlonly </div> \endhtmlonly +\htmlonly[block] +</div> +</div> +\endhtmlonly */ diff --git a/doc_src/math.txt b/doc_src/math.txt index 8e1fd3b5..887a813c 100644 --- a/doc_src/math.txt +++ b/doc_src/math.txt @@ -2,11 +2,13 @@ \section math math - Perform mathematics calculations \subsection math-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>math EXPRESSION</tt> +\fish{syn} +math EXPRESSION +\endfish \subsection math-description Description -\c math is used to perform mathematical calculations. It is a very +`math` is used to perform mathematical calculations. It is a very thin wrapper for the bc program, which makes it possible to specify an expression from the command line without using non-standard extensions or a pipeline. @@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ have to be escaped. \subsection math-example Examples -<code>math 1+1</code> outputs 2. +`math 1+1` outputs 2. -<code>math $status-128</code> outputs the numerical exit status of the +`math $status-128` outputs the numerical exit status of the last command minus 128. diff --git a/doc_src/mimedb.txt b/doc_src/mimedb.txt index e38597eb..79992f14 100644 --- a/doc_src/mimedb.txt +++ b/doc_src/mimedb.txt @@ -1,26 +1,28 @@ \section mimedb mimedb - lookup file information via the mime database \subsection mimedb-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>mimedb [OPTIONS] FILES...</tt> +\fish{syn} +mimedb [OPTIONS] FILES... +\endfish \subsection mimedb-description Description -\c mimedb queries the MIME type database and the \c .desktop files +\c mimedb queries the MIME type database and the `.desktop` files installed on the system in order to find information on -the files listed in <code>FILES</code>. The information that \c mimedb +the files listed in `FILES`. The information that `mimedb` can retrieve includes the MIME type for a file, a description of the type, -and the default action that can be performed on the file. \c mimedb can also +and the default action that can be performed on the file. `mimedb` can also be used to launch the default action for this file. The following options are available: -- \c -t, \c --input-file-data determines the files' type both by their filename and by their contents (default behaviour). -- \c -f, \c --input-filename determines the files' type by their filename. -- \c -i, \c --input-mime specifies that the arguments are not files, but MIME types. -- \c -m, \c --output-mime outputs the MIME type of each file (default behaviour). -- \c -f, \c --output-description outputs the description of each MIME type. -- \c -a, \c --output-action outputs the default action of each MIME type. -- \c -l, \c --launch launches the default action for the specified files. -- \c -h, \c --help displays a help message and exit. -- \c -v, \c --version displays the version number and exits. +- `-t`, `--input-file-data` determines the files' type both by their filename and by their contents (default behaviour). +- `-f`, `--input-filename` determines the files' type by their filename. +- `-i`, `--input-mime` specifies that the arguments are not files, but MIME types. +- `-m`, `--output-mime` outputs the MIME type of each file (default behaviour). +- `-f`, `--output-description` outputs the description of each MIME type. +- `-a`, `--output-action` outputs the default action of each MIME type. +- `-l`, `--launch` launches the default action for the specified files. +- `-h`, `--help` displays a help message and exit. +- `-v`, `--version` displays the version number and exits. diff --git a/doc_src/nextd.txt b/doc_src/nextd.txt index 297063af..2aad6049 100644 --- a/doc_src/nextd.txt +++ b/doc_src/nextd.txt @@ -1,24 +1,29 @@ \section nextd nextd - move forward through directory history \subsection nextd-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>nextd [-l | --list] [POS]</tt> +\fish{syn} +nextd [ -l | --list ] [POS] +\endfish \subsection nextd-description Description -<tt>nextd</tt> moves forwards <tt>POS</tt> positions in the history of visited +`nextd` moves forwards `POS` positions in the history of visited directories; if the end of the history has been hit, a warning is printed. -If the <code>-l></code> or <code>--list</code> flag is specified, the current +If the `-l` or `--list` flag is specified, the current directory history is also displayed. \subsection nextd-example Example -\code +\fish cd /usr/src # Working directory is now /usr/src + cd /usr/src/fish-shell # Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell + prevd # Working directory is now /usr/src + nextd -# Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell</pre> -\endcode +# Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/not.txt b/doc_src/not.txt index a1a1d206..746de9ba 100644 --- a/doc_src/not.txt +++ b/doc_src/not.txt @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ \section not not - negate the exit status of a job \subsection not-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>not COMMAND [OPTIONS...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +not COMMAND [OPTIONS...] +\endfish \subsection not-description Description -\c not negates the exit status of another command. If the exit status -is zero, \c not returns 1. Otherwise, \c not returns 0. +`not` negates the exit status of another command. If the exit status +is zero, `not` returns 1. Otherwise, `not` returns 0. \subsection not-example Example The following code reports an error and exits if no file named spoon can be found. -<pre> +\fish if not test -f spoon - echo There is no spoon - exit 1 + echo There is no spoon + exit 1 end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/open.txt b/doc_src/open.txt index 4dc03f9b..232b58b0 100644 --- a/doc_src/open.txt +++ b/doc_src/open.txt @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ \section open open - open file in its default application \subsection open-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>open FILES...</tt> +\fish{syn} +open FILES... +\endfish \subsection open-description Description -\c open opens a file in its default application, using the \c xdg-open command if it exists, or else the <a href="commands.html#mimedb">mimedb</a> command. +`open` opens a file in its default application, using the `xdg-open` command if it exists, or else the <a href="commands.html#mimedb">mimedb</a> command. \subsection open-example Example -<tt>open *.txt</tt> opens all the text files in the current directory using your system's default text editor. +`open *.txt` opens all the text files in the current directory using your system's default text editor. diff --git a/doc_src/or.txt b/doc_src/or.txt index 3567917f..39c3d95a 100644 --- a/doc_src/or.txt +++ b/doc_src/or.txt @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ \section or or - conditionally execute a command \subsection or-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>COMMAND1; or COMMAND2</tt> +\fish{syn} +COMMAND1; or COMMAND2 +\endfish \subsection or-description Description -\c or is used to execute a command if the current exit +`or` is used to execute a command if the current exit status (as set by the last previous command) is not 0. -\c or does not change the current exit status. +`or` does not change the current exit status. The exit status of the last foreground command to exit can always be accessed using the <a href="index.html#variables-status">$status</a> @@ -16,12 +18,12 @@ variable. \subsection or-example Example -The following code runs the \c make command to build a program. If the +The following code runs the `make` command to build a program. If the build succeeds, the program is installed. If either step fails, -<tt>make clean</tt> is run, which removes the files created by the +`make clean` is run, which removes the files created by the build process. -<pre> +\fish make; and make install; or make clean -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/popd.txt b/doc_src/popd.txt index deb3719f..297a0a80 100644 --- a/doc_src/popd.txt +++ b/doc_src/popd.txt @@ -1,24 +1,28 @@ \section popd popd - move through directory stack \subsection popd-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>popd</tt> +\fish{syn} +popd +\endfish \subsection popd-description Description -<tt>popd</tt> removes the top directory from the directory stack and +`popd` removes the top directory from the directory stack and changes the working directory to the new top directory. Use <a -href="#pushd"><tt>pushd</tt></a> to add directories to the stack. +href="#pushd">`pushd`</a> to add directories to the stack. \subsection popd-example Example -<pre> +\fish pushd /usr/src # Working directory is now /usr/src # Directory stack contains /usr/src + pushd /usr/src/fish-shell # Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell # Directory stack contains /usr/src /usr/src/fish-shell + popd # Working directory is now /usr/src # Directory stack contains /usr/src -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/prevd.txt b/doc_src/prevd.txt index e49faff2..8bead8a1 100644 --- a/doc_src/prevd.txt +++ b/doc_src/prevd.txt @@ -1,26 +1,31 @@ \section prevd prevd - move backward through directory history \subsection prevd-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>prevd [-l | --list] [POS]</tt> +\fish{syn} +prevd [ -l | --list ] [POS] +\endfish \subsection prevd-description Description -<tt>prevd</tt> moves backwards <tt>POS</tt> positions in the history +`prevd` moves backwards `POS` positions in the history of visited directories; if the beginning of the history has been hit, a warning is printed. -If the <code>-l</code> or <code>--list</code> flag is specified, the current +If the `-l` or `--list` flag is specified, the current history is also displayed. \subsection prevd-example Example -\code +\fish cd /usr/src # Working directory is now /usr/src + cd /usr/src/fish-shell # Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell + prevd # Working directory is now /usr/src + nextd -# Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell</pre> -\endcode +# Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/psub.txt b/doc_src/psub.txt index 7f4dbedd..62c09be0 100644 --- a/doc_src/psub.txt +++ b/doc_src/psub.txt @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ \section psub psub - perform process substitution \subsection psub-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>COMMAND1 (COMMAND2|psub [-f]) </tt> +\fish{syn} +COMMAND1 (COMMAND2|psub [-f]) +\endfish \subsection psub-description Description @@ -11,16 +13,16 @@ send the output of a command into the calling command, much like command substitution, but with the difference that the output is not sent through commandline arguments but through a named pipe, with the filename of the named pipe sent as an argument to the calling -program. \c psub combined with a +program. `psub` combined with a regular command substitution provides the same functionality. -If the \c -f or \c --file switch is given to <tt>psub</tt>, \c psub will use a +If the `-f` or `--file` switch is given to `psub`, `psub` will use a regular file instead of a named pipe to communicate with the calling -process. This will cause \c psub to be significantly slower when large +process. This will cause `psub` to be significantly slower when large amounts of data are involved, but has the advantage that the reading process can seek in the stream. \subsection psub-example Example -<tt>diff (sort a.txt|psub) (sort b.txt|psub)</tt> shows the difference +`diff (sort a.txt|psub) (sort b.txt|psub)` shows the difference between the sorted versions of files a.txt and b.txt. diff --git a/doc_src/pushd.txt b/doc_src/pushd.txt index dbcd7f91..d6f50e63 100644 --- a/doc_src/pushd.txt +++ b/doc_src/pushd.txt @@ -1,23 +1,27 @@ \section pushd pushd - push directory to directory stack \subsection pushd-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>pushd [DIRECTORY]</tt> +\fish{syn} +pushd [DIRECTORY] +\endfish \subsection pushd-description Description -The <tt>pushd</tt> function adds \c DIRECTORY to the top of the directory stack -and makes it the current working directory. <a href="#popd"><tt>popd</tt></a> will pop it off and +The `pushd` function adds `DIRECTORY` to the top of the directory stack +and makes it the current working directory. <a href="#popd">`popd`</a> will pop it off and return to the original directory. \subsection pushd-example Example -<pre> +\fish pushd /usr/src # Working directory is now /usr/src # Directory stack contains /usr/src + pushd /usr/src/fish-shell # Working directory is now /usr/src/fish-shell # Directory stack contains /usr/src /usr/src/fish-shell + popd # Working directory is now /usr/src # Directory stack contains /usr/src -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/pwd.txt b/doc_src/pwd.txt index 138e8dcb..0b83748d 100644 --- a/doc_src/pwd.txt +++ b/doc_src/pwd.txt @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ \section pwd pwd - output the current working directory \subsection pwd-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>pwd</tt> +\fish{syn} +pwd +\endfish \subsection pwd-description Description -\c pwd outputs (prints) the current working directory. +`pwd` outputs (prints) the current working directory. -Note that \c fish always resolves symbolic links in the current directory path. +Note that `fish` always resolves symbolic links in the current directory path. diff --git a/doc_src/random.txt b/doc_src/random.txt index b6bb9df0..abc444a8 100644 --- a/doc_src/random.txt +++ b/doc_src/random.txt @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ \section random random - generate random number \subsection random-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>random [SEED]</tt> +\fish{syn} +random [SEED] +\endfish \subsection random-description Description -\c random outputs a random number from 0 to 32766, inclusive. +`random` outputs a random number from 0 to 32766, inclusive. -If a \c SEED value is provided, it is used to seed the random number +If a `SEED` value is provided, it is used to seed the random number generator, and no output will be produced. This can be useful for debugging purposes, where it can be desirable to get the same random number sequence multiple times. If the random number generator is called without first @@ -17,9 +19,9 @@ seeding it, the current time will be used as the seed. The following code will count down from a random number to 1: -<pre> +\fish for i in (seq (random) -1 1) - echo $i - sleep + echo $i + sleep end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/read.txt b/doc_src/read.txt index 4f1760a5..44076bc4 100644 --- a/doc_src/read.txt +++ b/doc_src/read.txt @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ \section read read - read line of input into variables \subsection read-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>read [OPTIONS] [VARIABLES...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +read [OPTIONS] [VARIABLES...] +\endfish \subsection read-description Description -<tt>read</tt> reads one line from standard +`read` reads one line from standard input and stores the result in one or more shell variables. The following options are available: @@ -31,12 +33,12 @@ input is considered a separate token. If \c -a or \c --array is provided, only one variable name is allowed and the tokens are stored as an array in this variable. -See the documentation for \c set for more details on the scoping rules for +See the documentation for `set` for more details on the scoping rules for variables. \subsection read-example Example The following code stores the value 'hello' in the shell variable -<tt>$foo</tt>. +`$foo`. -<tt>echo hello|read foo</tt> +`echo hello|read foo` diff --git a/doc_src/return.txt b/doc_src/return.txt index 9563cf39..a044e58a 100644 --- a/doc_src/return.txt +++ b/doc_src/return.txt @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ \section return return - stop the current inner function \subsection return-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>function NAME; [COMMANDS...;] return [STATUS]; [COMMANDS...;] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +function NAME; [COMMANDS...;] return [STATUS]; [COMMANDS...;] end +\endfish \subsection return-description Description -\c return halts a currently running function. The exit status is set -to \c STATUS if it is given. +`return` halts a currently running function. The exit status is set +to `STATUS` if it is given. It is usually added inside of a conditional block such as an <a href="#if">if</a> statement or a <a href="#switch">switch</a> @@ -17,10 +19,10 @@ function. \subsection return-example Example The following code is an implementation of the false command as a fish function -<pre> +\fish function false - return 1 + return 1 end -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/set.txt b/doc_src/set.txt index 6602e860..9dc1e04b 100644 --- a/doc_src/set.txt +++ b/doc_src/set.txt @@ -1,18 +1,18 @@ \section set set - display and change shell variables. \subsection set-synopsis Synopsis -<pre> +\fish{syn} set [SCOPE_OPTIONS] set [OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAME VALUES... set [OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAME[INDICES]... VALUES... -set (-q | --query) [SCOPE_OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAMES... -set (-e | --erase) [SCOPE_OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAME -set (-e | --erase) [SCOPE_OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAME[INDICES]... -</pre> +set (-q | \--query) [SCOPE_OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAMES... +set (-e | \--erase) [SCOPE_OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAME +set (-e | \--erase) [SCOPE_OPTIONS] VARIABLE_NAME[INDICES]... +\endfish \subsection set-description Description -<code>set</code> manipulates <a href="index.html#variables">shell +`set` manipulates <a href="index.html#variables">shell variables</a>. If set is called with no arguments, the names and values of all @@ -20,31 +20,31 @@ shell variables are printed. If some of the scope or export flags have been given, only the variables matching the specified scope are printed. -With both variable names and values provided, \c set assigns the variable -<code>VARIABLE_NAME</code> the values <code>VALUES...</code>. +With both variable names and values provided, `set` assigns the variable +`VARIABLE_NAME` the values `VALUES...`. The following options control variable scope: -- <code>-l</code> or <code>--local</code> forces the specified shell variable to be given a scope that is local to the current block, even if a variable with the given name exists and is non-local -- <code>-g</code> or <code>--global</code> causes the specified shell variable to be given a global scope. Non-global variables disappear when the block they belong to ends -- <code>-U</code> or <code>--universal</code> causes the specified shell variable to be given a universal scope. If this option is supplied, the variable will be shared between all the current users fish instances on the current computer, and will be preserved across restarts of the shell. -- <code>-x</code> or <code>--export</code> causes the specified shell variable to be exported to child processes (making it an "environment variable") -- <code>-u</code> or <code>--unexport</code> causes the specified shell variable to NOT be exported to child processes +- `-l` or `--local` forces the specified shell variable to be given a scope that is local to the current block, even if a variable with the given name exists and is non-local +- `-g` or `--global` causes the specified shell variable to be given a global scope. Non-global variables disappear when the block they belong to ends +- `-U` or `--universal` causes the specified shell variable to be given a universal scope. If this option is supplied, the variable will be shared between all the current users fish instances on the current computer, and will be preserved across restarts of the shell. +- `-x` or `--export` causes the specified shell variable to be exported to child processes (making it an "environment variable") +- `-u` or `--unexport` causes the specified shell variable to NOT be exported to child processes The following options are available: -- <code>-e</code> or <code>--erase</code> causes the specified shell variable to be erased -- <code>-q</code> or <code>--query</code> test if the specified variable names are defined. Does not output anything, but the builtins exit status is the number of variables specified that were not defined. -- <code>-n</code> or <code>--names</code> List only the names of all defined variables, not their value -- <code>-L</code> or <code>--long</code> do not abbreviate long values when printing set variables +- `-e` or `--erase` causes the specified shell variable to be erased +- `-q` or `--query` test if the specified variable names are defined. Does not output anything, but the builtins exit status is the number of variables specified that were not defined. +- `-n` or `--names` List only the names of all defined variables, not their value +- `-L` or `--long` do not abbreviate long values when printing set variables If a variable is set to more than one value, the variable will be an array with the specified elements. If a variable is set to zero elements, it will become an array with zero elements. If the variable name is one or more array elements, such as -<code>PATH[1 3 7]</code>, only those array elements specified will be -changed. When array indices are specified to \c set, multiple arguments -may be used to specify additional indexes, e.g. <code>set PATH[1] -PATH[4] /bin /sbin</code>. If you specify a negative index when +`PATH[1 3 7]`, only those array elements specified will be +changed. When array indices are specified to `set`, multiple arguments +may be used to specify additional indexes, e.g. `set PATH[1] +PATH[4] /bin /sbin`. If you specify a negative index when expanding or assigning to an array variable, the index will be calculated from the end of the array. For example, the index -1 means the last index of an array. @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ The scoping rules when creating or updating a variable are: -# If a variable is explicitly set to either universal, global or local, that setting will be honored. If a variable of the same name exists in a different scope, that variable will not be changed. -# If a variable is not explicitly set to be either universal, global or local, but has been previously defined, the previous variable scope is used. --# If a variable is not explicitly set to be either universal, global or local and has never before been defined, the variable will be local to the currently executing function. Note that this is different from using the \c -l or \c --local flag. If one of those flags is used, the variable will be local to the most inner currently executing block, while without these the variable will be local to the function. If no function is executing, the variable will be global. +-# If a variable is not explicitly set to be either universal, global or local and has never before been defined, the variable will be local to the currently executing function. Note that this is different from using the `-l` or `--local` flag. If one of those flags is used, the variable will be local to the most inner currently executing block, while without these the variable will be local to the function. If no function is executing, the variable will be global. The exporting rules when creating or updating a variable are identical to the scoping rules for variables: @@ -67,32 +67,34 @@ In query mode, the scope to be examined can be specified. In erase mode, if variable indices are specified, only the specified slices of the array variable will be erased. -\c set requires all options to come before any -other arguments. For example, <code>set flags -l</code> will have -the effect of setting the value of the variable <code>flags</code> to +`set` requires all options to come before any +other arguments. For example, `set flags -l` will have +the effect of setting the value of the variable `flags` to '-l', not making the variable local. -In assignment mode, \c set exits with a non-zero exit status if variable +In assignment mode, `set` exits with a non-zero exit status if variable assignments could not be successfully performed. If the variable assignments were performed, the exit status is unchanged. This allows simultaneous capture -of the output and exit status of a subcommand, e.g. <code>if set output -(command)</code>. In query mode, the exit status is the number of variables that -were not found. In erase mode, \c set exits with a zero exit status in case of +of the output and exit status of a subcommand, e.g. `if set output +(command)`. In query mode, the exit status is the number of variables that +were not found. In erase mode, `set` exits with a zero exit status in case of success, with a non-zero exit status if the commandline was invalid, if the variable was write-protected or if the variable did not exist. \subsection set-example Example -<code>set -xg</code> will print all global, exported variables. +`set -xg` will print all global, exported variables. -<code>set foo hi</code> sets the value of the variable foo to be hi. +`set foo hi` sets the value of the variable foo to be hi. -<code>set -e smurf</code> removes the variable \c smurf. +`set -e smurf` removes the variable `smurf`. -<code>set PATH[4] ~/bin</code> changes the fourth element of the \c PATH array to \c ~/bin +`set PATH[4] ~/bin` changes the fourth element of the `PATH` array to `~/bin` -<pre>if set python_path (which python) +\fish +if set python_path (which python) echo "Python is at $python_path" -end</pre> +end +\endfish -The above outputs the path to Python if \c which returns true. +The above outputs the path to Python if `which` returns true. diff --git a/doc_src/set_color.txt b/doc_src/set_color.txt index 546889cd..ade02990 100644 --- a/doc_src/set_color.txt +++ b/doc_src/set_color.txt @@ -1,44 +1,48 @@ \section set_color set_color - set the terminal color \subsection set_color-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>set_color [-h --help] [-b --background COLOR] [COLOR]</tt> +\fish{syn} +set_color [-h|--help] [-b|--background COLOR] [COLOR] +\endfish \subsection set_color-description Description -\c set_color changes the foreground and/or background color of the terminal. -\c COLOR is one of black, red, green, brown, yellow, blue, magenta, +`set_color` changes the foreground and/or background color of the terminal. +`COLOR` is one of black, red, green, brown, yellow, blue, magenta, purple, cyan, white and normal. If your terminal supports term256 (modern xterms and OS X Lion), you can specify an RGB value with three or six hex digits, such -as A0FF33 or f2f. \c fish will choose the closest supported color. +as A0FF33 or f2f. `fish` will choose the closest supported color. The following options are available: -- \c -b, \c --background \c COLOR sets the background color. -- \c -c, \c --print-colors prints a list of all valid color names. -- \c -h, \c --help displays a help message and exit. -- \c -o, \c --bold sets bold or extra bright mode. -- \c -u, \c --underline sets underlined mode. +- `-b`, `--background` `COLOR` sets the background color. +- `-c`, `--print-colors` prints a list of all valid color names. +- `-h`, `--help` displays a help message and exit. +- `-o`, `--bold` sets bold or extra bright mode. +- `-u`, `--underline` sets underlined mode. -Calling <tt>set_color normal</tt> will set the terminal color to +Calling `set_color normal` will set the terminal color to the default color of the terminal. -Some terminals use the --bold escape sequence to switch to a brighter -color set. On such terminals, <code>set_color white</code> will result -in a grey font color, while <code>set_color --bold white</code> will +Some terminals use the `--bold` escape sequence to switch to a brighter +color set. On such terminals, `set_color white` will result +in a grey font color, while `set_color --bold white` will result in a white font color. Not all terminal emulators support all these features. -\c set_color uses the terminfo database to look up how to change terminal +`set_color` uses the terminfo database to look up how to change terminal colors on whatever terminal is in use. Some systems have old and incomplete terminfo databases, and may lack color information for terminals that support it. \subsection set_color-example Examples -<pre>set_color red; echo "Roses are red" + +\fish +set_color red; echo "Roses are red" set_color blue; echo "Violets are blue" set_color 62A ; echo "Eggplants are dark purple" set_color normal; echo "Normal is nice too" -</pre> +\endfish diff --git a/doc_src/source.txt b/doc_src/source.txt index 8798e9d9..bb32e30a 100644 --- a/doc_src/source.txt +++ b/doc_src/source.txt @@ -1,30 +1,32 @@ \section source source - evaluate contents of file. \subsection source-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>source FILENAME [ARGUMENTS...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +source FILENAME [ARGUMENTS...] +\endfish \subsection source-description Description -\c source evaluates the commands of the specified file in the current +`source` evaluates the commands of the specified file in the current shell. This is different from starting a new process to perform the -commands (i.e. <tt>fish < FILENAME</tt>) since the commands will be +commands (i.e. `fish < FILENAME`) since the commands will be evaluated by the current shell, which means that changes in shell variables will affect the current shell. If additional arguments are specified after the file name, they will be inserted into the $argv variable. -If no file is specified, or if the file name '-' is used, stdin will +If no file is specified, or if the file name '`-`' is used, stdin will be read. -The return status of \c source is the return status of the last job to +The return status of `source` is the return status of the last job to execute. If something goes wrong while opening or reading the file, -\c source exits with a non-zero status. +`source` exits with a non-zero status. -\c . (a single period) is an alias for the \c source command. The use of \c . -is deprecated in favour of \c source, and \c . will be removed in a future +`.` (a single period) is an alias for the `source` command. The use of `.` +is deprecated in favour of `source`, and `.` will be removed in a future version of fish. \subsection source-example Example -<tt>source ~/.config/fish/config.fish</tt> causes fish to re-read its initialization file. +`source ~/.config/fish/config.fish` causes fish to re-read its initialization file. diff --git a/doc_src/status.txt b/doc_src/status.txt index d6238ae3..5cf8d98a 100644 --- a/doc_src/status.txt +++ b/doc_src/status.txt @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ \section status status - query fish runtime information \subsection status-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>status [OPTION]</tt> +\fish{syn} +status [OPTION] +\endfish \subsection status-description Description -With no arguments, <tt>status</tt> displays a summary of the current login and job control status of the shell. +With no arguments, `status` displays a summary of the current login and job control status of the shell. The following options are available: -- <tt>-c</tt> or <tt>--is-command-substitution</tt> returns 0 if fish is currently executing a command substitution. -- <tt>-b</tt> or <tt>--is-block</tt> returns 0 if fish is currently executing a block of code. -- <tt>-i</tt> or <tt>--is-interactive</tt> returns 0 if fish is interactive - that is, connected to a keyboard. -- <tt>-l</tt> or <tt>--is-login</tt> returns 0 if fish is a login shell - that is, if fish should perform login tasks such as setting up the PATH. -- <tt>--is-full-job-control</tt> returns 0 if full job control is enabled. -- <tt>--is-interactive-job-control</tt> returns 0 if interactive job control is enabled. -- <tt>--is-no-job-control</tt> returns 0 if no job control is enabled. -- <tt>-f</tt> or <tt>--current-filename</tt> prints the filename of the currently running script. -- <tt>-n</tt> or <tt>--current-line-number</tt> prints the line number of the currently running script. -- <tt>-j CONTROLTYPE</tt> or <tt>--job-control=CONTROLTYPE</tt> sets the job control type, which can be <tt>none</tt>, <tt>full</tt>, or <tt>interactive</tt>. -- <tt>-t</tt> or <tt>--print-stack-trace</tt> prints a stack trace of all function calls on the call stack. -- <tt>-h</tt> or <tt>--help</tt> displays a help message and exit. +- `-c` or `--is-command-substitution` returns 0 if fish is currently executing a command substitution. +- `-b` or `--is-block` returns 0 if fish is currently executing a block of code. +- `-i` or `--is-interactive` returns 0 if fish is interactive - that is, connected to a keyboard. +- `-l` or `--is-login` returns 0 if fish is a login shell - that is, if fish should perform login tasks such as setting up the PATH. +- `--is-full-job-control` returns 0 if full job control is enabled. +- `--is-interactive-job-control` returns 0 if interactive job control is enabled. +- `--is-no-job-control` returns 0 if no job control is enabled. +- `-f` or `--current-filename` prints the filename of the currently running script. +- `-n` or `--current-line-number` prints the line number of the currently running script. +- `-j CONTROLTYPE` or `--job-control=CONTROLTYPE` sets the job control type, which can be `none`, `full`, or `interactive`. +- `-t` or `--print-stack-trace` prints a stack trace of all function calls on the call stack. +- `-h` or `--help` displays a help message and exit. diff --git a/doc_src/switch.txt b/doc_src/switch.txt index 7b9b0308..42e0d07a 100644 --- a/doc_src/switch.txt +++ b/doc_src/switch.txt @@ -1,18 +1,20 @@ \section switch switch - conditionally execute a block of commands \subsection switch-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>switch VALUE; [case [WILDCARD...]; [COMMANDS...]; ...] end</tt> +\fish{syn} +switch VALUE; [case [WILDCARD...]; [COMMANDS...]; ...] end +\endfish \subsection switch-description Description -\c switch performs one of several blocks of commands, depending on whether -a specified value equals one of several wildcarded values. \c case is used -together with the \c switch statement in order to determine which block should +`switch` performs one of several blocks of commands, depending on whether +a specified value equals one of several wildcarded values. `case` is used +together with the `switch` statement in order to determine which block should be executed. -Each \c case command is given one or more parameters. The first \c case +Each `case` command is given one or more parameters. The first `case` command with a parameter that matches the string specified in the -switch command will be evaluated. \c case parameters may contain +switch command will be evaluated. `case` parameters may contain wildcards. These need to be escaped or quoted in order to avoid regular wildcard expansion using filenames. @@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ against the parameter. If the variable \$animal contains the name of an animal, the following code would attempt to classify it: -<pre> +\fish switch $animal case cat echo evil @@ -42,8 +44,8 @@ switch $animal case '*' echo I have no idea what a $animal is end -</pre> +\endfish -If the above code was run with \c \$animal set to \c whale, the output -would be \c mammal. +If the above code was run with `$animal` set to `whale`, the output +would be `mammal`. diff --git a/doc_src/test.txt b/doc_src/test.txt index 809c3eaf..ba0eb0eb 100644 --- a/doc_src/test.txt +++ b/doc_src/test.txt @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ \section test test - perform tests on files and text \subsection test-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>test [EXPRESSION]</tt> +\fish{syn} +test [EXPRESSION] +\endfish \subsection test-description Description @@ -10,68 +12,68 @@ and 1 if false. An expression is made up of one or more operators and their arguments. The following operators are available to examine files and directories: -- <tt>-b FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a block device. -- <tt>-c FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a character device. -- <tt>-d FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a directory. -- <tt>-e FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE exists. -- <tt>-f FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a regular file. -- <tt>-g FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE has the set-group-ID bit set. -- <tt>-G FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE exists and has the same group ID +- `-b FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a block device. +- `-c FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a character device. +- `-d FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a directory. +- `-e FILE` returns true if `FILE` exists. +- `-f FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a regular file. +- `-g FILE` returns true if `FILE` has the set-group-ID bit set. +- `-G FILE` returns true if `FILE` exists and has the same group ID as the current user. -- <tt>-L FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a symbolic link. -- <tt>-O FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE exists and is owned by the current +- `-L FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a symbolic link. +- `-O FILE` returns true if `FILE` exists and is owned by the current user. -- <tt>-p FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a named pipe. -- <tt>-r FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is marked as readable. -- <tt>-s FILE</tt> returns true if the size of \c FILE is greater than zero. -- <tt>-S FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is a socket. -- <tt>-t FD</tt> returns true if the file descriptor \c FD is a terminal (TTY). -- <tt>-u FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE has the set-user-ID bit set. -- <tt>-w FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is marked as writable; note that this does not check if the filesystem is read-only. -- <tt>-x FILE</tt> returns true if \c FILE is marked as executable. +- `-p FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a named pipe. +- `-r FILE` returns true if `FILE` is marked as readable. +- `-s FILE` returns true if the size of `FILE` is greater than zero. +- `-S FILE` returns true if `FILE` is a socket. +- `-t FD` returns true if the file descriptor `FD` is a terminal (TTY). +- `-u FILE` returns true if `FILE` has the set-user-ID bit set. +- `-w FILE` returns true if `FILE` is marked as writable; note that this does not check if the filesystem is read-only. +- `-x FILE` returns true if `FILE` is marked as executable. The following operators are available to compare and examine text strings: -- <tt>STRING1 = STRING2</tt> returns true if the strings \c STRING1 and -\c STRING2 are identical. -- <tt>STRING1 != STRING2</tt> returns true if the strings \c STRING1 and -\c STRING2 are not identical. -- <tt>-n STRING</tt> returns true if the length of \c STRING is non-zero. -- <tt>-z STRING</tt> returns true if the length of \c STRING is zero. +- `STRING1 = STRING2` returns true if the strings `STRING1` and +`STRING2` are identical. +- `STRING1 != STRING2` returns true if the strings `STRING1` and +`STRING2` are not identical. +- `-n STRING` returns true if the length of `STRING` is non-zero. +- `-z STRING` returns true if the length of `STRING` is zero. The following operators are available to compare and examine numbers: -- <tt>NUM1 -eq NUM2</tt> returns true if \c NUM1 and \c NUM2 are numerically equal. -- <tt>NUM1 -ne NUM2</tt> returns true if \c NUM1 and \c NUM2 are not numerically equal. -- <tt>NUM1 -gt NUM2</tt> returns true if \c NUM1 is greater than <tt>NUM2</tt>. -- <tt>NUM1 -ge NUM2</tt> returns true if \c NUM1 is greater than or equal to <tt>NUM2</tt>. -- <tt>NUM1 -lt NUM2</tt> returns true if \c NUM1 is less than <tt>NUM2</tt>. -- <tt>NUM1 -le NUM2</tt> returns true if \c NUM1 is less than or equal to <tt>NUM2</tt>. +- `NUM1 -eq NUM2` returns true if `NUM1` and `NUM2` are numerically equal. +- `NUM1 -ne NUM2` returns true if `NUM1` and `NUM2` are not numerically equal. +- `NUM1 -gt NUM2` returns true if `NUM1` is greater than `NUM2`. +- `NUM1 -ge NUM2` returns true if `NUM1` is greater than or equal to `NUM2`. +- `NUM1 -lt NUM2` returns true if `NUM1` is less than `NUM2`. +- `NUM1 -le NUM2` returns true if `NUM1` is less than or equal to `NUM2`. Note that only integers are supported. For more complex mathematical -operations, including fractions, the \c env program may be useful. Consult the +operations, including fractions, the `env` program may be useful. Consult the documentation for your operating system. Expressions can be combined using the following operators: -- <tt>COND1 -a COND2</tt> returns true if both \c COND1 and \c COND2 are true. -- <tt>COND1 -o COND2</tt> returns true if either \c COND1 or \c COND2 are true. +- `COND1 -a COND2` returns true if both `COND1` and `COND2` are true. +- `COND1 -o COND2` returns true if either `COND1` or `COND2` are true. -Expressions can be inverted using the \c ! operator: -- <tt>! EXPRESSION</tt> returns true if \c EXPRESSION is false, and false if -\c EXPRESSION is true. +Expressions can be inverted using the `!` operator: +- `! EXPRESSION` returns true if `EXPRESSION` is false, and false if +`EXPRESSION` is true. Expressions can be grouped using parentheses. -- <tt>( EXPRESSION )</tt> returns the value of <tt>EXPRESSION</tt>. -Note that parentheses will usually require escaping with <tt>\\(</tt> to avoid +- `( EXPRESSION )` returns the value of `EXPRESSION`. +Note that parentheses will usually require escaping with `\\(` to avoid being interpreted as a command substitution. \subsection test-example Examples -If the \c /tmp directory exists, copy the \c /etc/motd file to it: +If the `/tmp` directory exists, copy the `/etc/motd` file to it: -<pre> +\fish if test -d /tmp cp /etc/motd /tmp/motd end -</pre> +\endfish If the variable \c MANPATH is defined and not empty, print the contents. (If \c MANPATH is not defined, then it will expand to zero arguments, unless @@ -81,29 +83,29 @@ quoted.) if test -n "$MANPATH" echo $MANPATH end -</pre> +\endfish -Parentheses and the \c -o and \c -a operators can be combined to produce +Parentheses and the `-o` and `-a` operators can be combined to produce more complicated expressions. In this example, success is printed if there is -a \c /foo or \c /bar file as well as a \c /baz or \c /bat file. +a `/foo` or `/bar` file as well as a `/baz` or `/bat` file. -<pre> -if test \\( -f /foo -o -f /bar \\) -a \\( -f /baz -o -f /bat \\) +\fish +if test \( -f /foo -o -f /bar \) -a \( -f /baz -o -f /bat \) echo Success. end. -</pre> +\endfish \subsection test-standards Standards -\c test implements a subset of the +`test` implements a subset of the <a href="http://www.unix.com/man-page/POSIX/1/test/">IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 (POSIX.1) standard</a>. The following exceptions apply: -- The \c < and \c > operators for comparing strings are not implemented. +- The `<` and `>` operators for comparing strings are not implemented. - Because this test is a shell builtin and not a standalone utility, using the -c flag on a special file descriptors like standard input and output may not return the same result when invoked from within a pipe as one - would expect when invoking the \c test utility in another shell. - - In cases such as this, one can use \c command \c test to explicitly - use the system's standalone \c test rather than this \c builtin \c test. + would expect when invoking the `test` utility in another shell. + + In cases such as this, one can use `command` `test` to explicitly + use the system's standalone `test` rather than this `builtin` `test`. diff --git a/doc_src/trap.txt b/doc_src/trap.txt index aaaa5b2b..e3a280a5 100644 --- a/doc_src/trap.txt +++ b/doc_src/trap.txt @@ -1,43 +1,45 @@ \section trap trap - perform an action when the shell receives a signal \subsection trap-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>trap [OPTIONS] [[ARG] SIGSPEC ... ]</tt> +\fish{syn} +trap [OPTIONS] [[ARG] SIGSPEC ... ] +\endfish \subsection trap-description Description -\c trap is a wrapper around the fish event delivery +`trap` is a wrapper around the fish event delivery framework. It exists for backwards compatibility with POSIX shells. For other uses, it is recommended to define an <a href='index.html#event'>event handler</a>. The following parameters are available: -- \c ARG is the command to be executed on signal delivery. -- \c SIGSPEC is the name of the signal to trap. -- \c -h or \c --help displays help and exits. -- \c -l or \c --list-signals prints a list of signal names. -- \c -p or \c --print prints all defined signal handlers. +- `ARG` is the command to be executed on signal delivery. +- `SIGSPEC` is the name of the signal to trap. +- `-h` or `--help` displays help and exits. +- `-l` or `--list-signals` prints a list of signal names. +- `-p` or `--print` prints all defined signal handlers. -If \c ARG and \c SIGSPEC are both specified, \c ARG is the command to be -executed when the signal specified by \c SIGSPEC is delivered. +If `ARG` and `SIGSPEC` are both specified, `ARG` is the command to be +executed when the signal specified by `SIGSPEC` is delivered. -If \c ARG is absent (and there is a single SIGSPEC) or -, each specified +If `ARG` is absent (and there is a single SIGSPEC) or -, each specified signal is reset to its original disposition (the value it had upon -entrance to the shell). If \c ARG is the null string the signal -specified by each \c SIGSPEC is ignored by the shell and by the commands +entrance to the shell). If `ARG` is the null string the signal +specified by each `SIGSPEC` is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. -If \c ARG is not present and \c -p has been supplied, then the trap commands -associated with each \c SIGSPEC are displayed. If no arguments are -supplied or if only \c -p is given, \c trap prints the list of commands +If `ARG` is not present and `-p` has been supplied, then the trap commands +associated with each `SIGSPEC` are displayed. If no arguments are +supplied or if only `-p` is given, `trap` prints the list of commands associated with each signal. -Signal names are case insensitive and the \c SIG prefix is optional. +Signal names are case insensitive and the `SIG` prefix is optional. -The return status is 1 if any \c SIGSPEC is invalid; otherwise trap +The return status is 1 if any `SIGSPEC` is invalid; otherwise trap returns 0. \subsection trap-example Example -<code>trap "status --print-stack-trace" SIGUSR1</code> prints a stack trace -each time the \c SIGUSR1 signal is sent to the shell. +`trap "status --print-stack-trace" SIGUSR1` prints a stack trace +each time the `SIGUSR1` signal is sent to the shell. diff --git a/doc_src/tutorial.hdr b/doc_src/tutorial.hdr index 58f925d5..0f011efc 100644 --- a/doc_src/tutorial.hdr +++ b/doc_src/tutorial.hdr @@ -1,693 +1,530 @@ /** \page tutorial Tutorial -\htmlonly - -<style type="text/css"> - -body.tutorial_body { - font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; - font-size: 13pt; - background-color: #1E335E; - margin: 0; -} - -pre { - border: solid #AAA 1px; - background-color: black; - color: white; - padding: 10px 12px; - font-size: 10pt; - font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "DejaVu Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; - line-height: 140%; - white-space: pre-wrap; - margin-top: 10px; - tab-size: 4; - -moz-tab-size: 4; - -o-tab-size: 4; -} - -p { - margin-bottom: 10px; - margin-top: 0; - color: #333333; - line-height: 1.25em; -} - -tt { - font-family: monospace; -} - -.suggest { - color: #555; -} - -pre u { - border-bottom: 2px solid #0F0; - text-decoration: none; -} - -.meta { - color: white; -} - -pre b { - /* Used for commands */ - color: #005fd7; - font-weight: normal; -} - -pre i { - /* Used for arguments */ - color: #00afff; - font-style: normal; -} - -pre em { - /* Used for path/help word */ - color: #0a0; - font-style: normal; -} - -.quote { - color: #A50; -} - -.error { - /* Used for errors */ - color: #F55; - font-weight: bold; -} - 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font-size: 18pt; - height: 72px; - z-index: 1; - text-indent: 260px; -} - -.tutorial_content { - -moz-box-shadow: -5px 0px 5px -2px black; - -webkit-box-shadow: -5px 0px 5px -2px black; - box-shadow: -5px 0px 5px -2px black; - - margin-left: 280px; - padding: 1px 25px 10px 10px; - position: relative; - z-index: 5; - background-color: white; -} - -h3 { - font-size: 25px; - margin-top: 12px; -} - -h1, h2, h3 { color: #1E335E; } -h1.interior_title { - color: #333; - padding-bottom: 10px; - border-bottom: 1px solid #AAA; -} - -h1 { font-size: 150%; } -h2 { font-size: 135%; } -h3 { font-size: 110%; } - - - -</style> - - -<div class="fish_left_bar fish_left_medium"> - <div class="tutorial_nav"> - <ul class="nav no_shadow"> - <li><a href="#tut_why_fish"><span class="chevron">›</span> Why fish?</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_learning_Fish"><span class="chevron">›</span> Learning fish</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_running_commands"><span class="chevron">›</span> Running Commands</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_getting_help"><span class="chevron">›</span> Getting Help</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_syntax_highlighting"><span class="chevron">›</span> Syntax Highlighting</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_wildcards"><span class="chevron">›</span> Wildcards</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_pipes_and_redirections"><span class="chevron">›</span> Pipes and Redirections</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_autosuggestions"><span class="chevron">›</span> Autosuggestions</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_tab_completions"><span class="chevron">›</span> Tab Completions</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_variables"><span class="chevron">›</span> Variables</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_exit_status"><span class="chevron">›</span> Exit Status</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_exports"><span class="chevron">›</span> Shell Variables</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_lists"><span class="chevron">›</span> Lists</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_command_substitutions"><span class="chevron">›</span> Command Substitutions</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_combiners"><span class="chevron">›</span> Combiners (And, Or, Not)</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_conditionals"><span class="chevron">›</span> Conditionals (If, Else, Switch)</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_functions"><span class="chevron">›</span> Functions</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_loops"><span class="chevron">›</span> Loops</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_prompt"><span class="chevron">›</span> Prompt</a></li> - <li><a href="#tut_startup"><span class="chevron">›</span> Startup</a></li> - </ul> - </div> +\htmlonly[block] +<div class="fish_left_bar"> +<div class="menu tutorial_menu"> +\endhtmlonly +- <a href="#tut_why_fish">Why fish?</a> +- <a href="#tut_learning_Fish">Learning fish</a> +- <a href="#tut_running_commands">Running Commands</a> +- <a href="#tut_getting_help">Getting Help</a> +- <a href="#tut_syntax_highlighting">Syntax Highlighting</a> +- <a href="#tut_wildcards">Wildcards</a> +- <a href="#tut_pipes_and_redirections">Pipes and Redirections</a> +- <a href="#tut_autosuggestions">Autosuggestions</a> +- <a href="#tut_tab_completions">Tab Completions</a> +- <a href="#tut_variables">Variables</a> +- <a href="#tut_exit_status">Exit Status</a> +- <a href="#tut_exports">Shell Variables</a> +- <a href="#tut_lists">Lists</a> +- <a href="#tut_command_substitutions">Command Substitutions</a> +- <a href="#tut_combiners">Combiners (And, Or, Not)</a> +- <a href="#tut_conditionals">Conditionals (If, Else, Switch)</a> +- <a href="#tut_functions">Functions</a> +- <a href="#tut_loops">Loops</a> +- <a href="#tut_prompt">Prompt</a> +- <a href="#tut_startup">Startup</a> + +\htmlonly[block] +</div> </div> -<div class="fish_right_bar fish_right_medium"> - +<div class="tutorial fish_right_bar"> <h1 class="interior_title">fish tutorial</h1> +\endhtmlonly + + +\section tut_why_fish Why fish? -<h2 id="tut_why_fish">Why fish?</h2> +`fish` is a fully-equipped command line shell (like bash or zsh) that is smart and user-friendly. `fish` supports powerful features like syntax highlighting, autosuggestions, and tab completions that just work, with nothing to learn or configure. -<p>fish is a fully-equipped command line shell (like bash or zsh) that is smart and user-friendly. fish supports powerful features like syntax highlighting, autosuggestions, and tab completions that just work, with nothing to learn or configure. +If you want to make your command line more productive, more useful, and more fun, without learning a bunch of arcane syntax and configuration options, then `fish` might be just what you're looking for! -<p>If you want to make your command line more productive, more useful, and more fun, without learning a bunch of arcane syntax and configuration options, then fish might be just what you're looking for! -<h2 id="tut_learning_Fish">Learning fish</h2> +\section tut_learning_Fish Learning fish -<p>This tutorial assumes a basic understanding of command line shells and Unix commands, and that you have a working copy of fish. +This tutorial assumes a basic understanding of command line shells and Unix commands, and that you have a working copy of `fish`. -<p>If you have a strong understanding of other shells, and want to know what fish does differently, search for the magic phrase <i>unlike other shells</i>, which is used to call out important differences. +If you have a strong understanding of other shells, and want to know what `fish` does differently, search for the magic phrase <i>unlike other shells</i>, which is used to call out important differences. -<p>When you start fish, you should see this: +When you start `fish`, you should see this: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} Welcome to fish, the friendly interactive shell Type <em>help</em> for instructions on how to use fish you@hostname <em>~</em>> -</pre> +\endfish -<p>fish comes with a default prompt that shows your username, hostname, and working directory. You'll see <a href="#tut_prompt">how to change your prompt</a> further down. From now on, we'll pretend your prompt is just a '>' to save space. +`fish` comes with a default prompt that shows your username, hostname, and working directory. You'll see <a href="#tut_prompt">how to change your prompt</a> further down. From now on, we'll pretend your prompt is just a '`>`' to save space. -<h2 id="tut_running_commands">Running Commands</h2> -<p>fish runs commands like other shells: you type a command, followed by its arguments. Spaces are separators: +\section tut_running_commands Running Commands -<pre> +`fish` runs commands like other shells: you type a command, followed by its arguments. Spaces are separators: + +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>hello world</i> hello world -</pre> +\endfish You can include a literal space in an argument with a backslash, or by using single or double quotes: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>mkdir</b> <i>My\ Files</i> > <b>cp</b> <i>~/Some\ File</i> <i class=quote>'My Files'</i> > <b>ls</b> <i class=quote>"My Files"</i> Some File -</pre> +\endfish Commands can be chained with semicolons. -<h2 id="tut_getting_help">Getting Help</h2> -fish has excellent help and man pages. Run <tt>help</tt> to open help in a web browser, and <tt>man</tt> to open it in a man page. You can also ask for help with a specific command, for example, <tt>help set</tt> to open in a web browser, or <tt>man set</tt> to see it in the terminal. +\section tut_getting_help Getting Help + +`fish` has excellent help and man pages. Run `help` to open help in a web browser, and `man` to open it in a man page. You can also ask for help with a specific command, for example, `help set` to open in a web browser, or `man set` to see it in the terminal. -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>man</b> <i>set</i> set - handle shell variables Synopsis... -</pre> +\endfish + -<h2 id="tut_syntax_highlighting">Syntax Highlighting</h2> -You'll quickly notice that fish performs syntax highlighting as you type. Invalid commands are colored red by default: +\section tut_syntax_highlighting Syntax Highlighting -<pre> -> <b class="error">/bin/mkd</b> -</pre> +You'll quickly notice that `fish` performs syntax highlighting as you type. Invalid commands are colored red by default: + +\fish{cli-dark} +> <error>/bin/mkd</error> +\endfish A command may be invalid because it does not exist, or refers to a file that you cannot execute. When the command becomes valid, it is shown in a different color: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>/bin/mkdir</b> -</pre> +\endfish + +`fish` will underline valid file paths as you type them: -fish will underline valid file paths as you type them: +\fish{cli-dark} +> <b>cat</b> <i><span style="text-decoration: underline">~/somef<span class="u">i</span></span></i> +\endfish -<pre> -> <b>cat</b> <i><span style="text-decoration: underline">~/somef<u>i</u></span></i> -</pre> +This tells you that there exists a file that starts with '`somefi`', which is useful feedback as you type. -<p>This tells you that there exists a file that starts with '<tt>somefi</tt>', which is useful feedback as you type. +These colors, and many more, can be changed by running `fish_config`, or by modifying variables directly. -<p>These colors, and many more, can be changed by running <tt>fish_config</tt>, or by modifying variables directly. -<h2 id="tut_wildcards">Wildcards</h2> +\section tut_wildcards Wildcards -fish supports the familiar wildcard *. To list all JPEG files: +`fish` supports the familiar wildcard *. To list all JPEG files: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>ls</b> <i>*.jpg</i> lena.jpg meena.jpg santa maria.jpg -</pre> +\endfish -<p>You can include multiple wildcards: +You can include multiple wildcards: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>ls</b> <i>l*.p*</i> lena.png lesson.pdf -</pre> +\endfish -<p>Especially powerful is the <i>recursive wildcard</i> ** which searches directories recursively: +Especially powerful is the <i>recursive wildcard</i> ** which searches directories recursively: -<pre> -> <b>ls</b> <i>/var/**.log</i> +\fish{cli-dark} +> <b>ls</b> <i>/var/\**.log</i> /var/log/system.log /var/run/sntp.log -</pre> +\endfish + +If that directory traversal is taking a long time, you can @key{Control,C} out of it. -<p>If that directory traversal is taking a long time, you can Control-C out of it. -<h2 id="tut_pipes_and_redirections">Pipes and Redirections</h2> +\section tut_pipes_and_redirections Pipes and Redirections -<p>You can pipe between commands with the usual vertical bar: +You can pipe between commands with the usual vertical bar: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>hello world</i> | <b>wc</b> - 1 2 12 -</pre> + 1 2 12 +\endfish -<p>stdin and stdout can be redirected via the familiar < and >. Unlike other shells, stderr is redirected with a caret ^ +stdin and stdout can be redirected via the familiar < and >. Unlike other shells, stderr is redirected with a caret ^ -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>grep</b> <i>fish</i> < /etc/shells > ~/output.txt ^ ~/errors.txt -</pre> +\endfish -<h2 id="tut_autosuggestions">Autosuggestions</h2> -fish suggests commands as you type, and shows the suggestion to the right of the cursor, in gray. For example: +\section tut_autosuggestions Autosuggestions -<pre> -> <b class="error">/bin/h</b><span class="suggest"><u>o</u>stname</span> -</pre> +`fish` suggests commands as you type, and shows the suggestion to the right of the cursor, in gray. For example: + +\fish{cli-dark} +> <b class="error">/bin/h</b><span class="suggest"><span class="u">o</span>stname</span> +\endfish It knows about paths and options: -<pre> -> <b>grep</b> <i>--i<span class="suggest"><u>g</u>nore-case</span></i> -</pre> +\fish{cli-dark} +> <b>grep</b> <i>--i<span class="suggest"><span class="u">g</span>nore-case</span></i> +\endfish And history too. Type a command once, and you can re-summon it by just typing a few letters: -<pre> -> <b>r</b><span class="suggest"><u>s</u>ync -avze ssh . myname@somelonghost.com:/some/long/path/doo/dee/doo/dee/doo</span> -</pre> +\fish{cli-dark} +> <b>r</b><span class="suggest"><span class="u">s</span>ync -avze ssh . myname@somelonghost.com:/some/long/path/doo/dee/doo/dee/doo</span> +\endfish + +To accept the autosuggestion, hit right arrow or @key{Control,F}. To accept a single word of the autosuggestion, @key{Alt,→} (right arrow). If the autosuggestion is not what you want, just ignore it. -To accept the autosuggestion, hit right arrow or Control-F. To accept a single word of the autosuggestion, hit Alt+right arrow. If the autosuggestion is not what you want, just ignore it. -<h2 id="tut_tab_completions">Tab Completions</h2> +\section tut_tab_completions Tab Completions -<p>fish comes with a rich set of tab completions, that work "out of the box." +`fish` comes with a rich set of tab completions, that work "out of the box." -<p>Press tab, and fish will attempt to complete the command, argument, or path: +Press tab, and `fish` will attempt to complete the command, argument, or path: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b class="error">/pri</b><span class="meta"><tab> →</span> <b>/private/</b> -</pre> +\endfish + +If there's more than one possibility, it will list them: -<p>If there's more than one possibility, it will list them: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b class="error">~/stuff/s</b><span class="meta"><tab></span> <i>~/stuff/s</i>cript.sh <i class="quote">(Executable, 4.8kB)</i> <i>~/stuff/s</i>ources/ <i class="quote">(Directory)</i> -</pre> +\endfish -<p>Hit tab again to cycle through the possibilities. +Hit tab again to cycle through the possibilities. -<p>fish can also complete many commands, like git branches: +`fish` can also complete many commands, like git branches: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>git</b> <i>merge pr</i><span class="meta"><tab> →</span> git merge prompt_designer > <b>git</b> <i>checkout b</i><span class="meta"><tab></span> <i>b</i>uiltin_list_io_merge <i class="quote">(Branch)</i> <i>b</i>uiltin_set_color <i class="quote">(Branch)</i> <i>b</i>usted_events <i class="quote">(Tag)</i> -</pre> +\endfish -Try hitting tab and see what fish can do! +Try hitting tab and see what `fish` can do! -<h2 id="tut_variables">Variables</h2> -<p>Like other shells, a dollar sign performs <i>variable substitution</i>: +\section tut_variables Variables -<pre> +Like other shells, a dollar sign performs <i>variable substitution</i>: + +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>My home directory is $HOME</i> My home directory is /home/tutorial -</pre> +\endfish Variable substitution also occurs in double quotes, but not single quotes: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i class="quote">"My current directory is </i><i>$</i><i class="quote">PWD"</i> My current directory is /home/tutorial > <b>echo</b> <i class="quote">'My current directory is $PWD'</i> My current directory is $PWD -</pre> +\endfish -Unlike other shells, fish has no dedicated syntax for setting variables. Instead it has an ordinary command: <tt>set</tt>, which takes a variable name, and then its value. +Unlike other shells, `fish` has no dedicated syntax for setting variables. Instead it has an ordinary command: `set`, which takes a variable name, and then its value. -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>name</i> <i class="quote">'Mister Noodle'</i> > <b>echo</b> <i>$name</i> Mister Noodle -</pre> +\endfish -<p>(Notice the quotes: without them, <tt>Mister</tt> and <tt>Noodle</tt> would have been separate arguments, and <tt>$name</tt> would have been made into a <i>list</i> of two elements.) +(Notice the quotes: without them, `Mister` and `Noodle` would have been separate arguments, and `$name` would have been made into a <i>list</i> of two elements.) -<p>Unlike other shells, variables are <i>not</i> further split after substitution: +Unlike other shells, variables are <i>not</i> further split after substitution: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>mkdir</b> <i>$name</i> > <b>ls</b> Mister Noodle -</pre> +\endfish + +In bash, this would have created two directories "Mister" and "Noodle". In `fish`, it created only one: the variable had the value "Mister Noodle", so that is the argument that was passed to <span style="mono">mkdir</span>, spaces and all. -In bash, this would have created two directories "Mister" and "Noodle". In fish, it created only one: the variable had the value "Mister Noodle", so that is the argument that was passed to <span style="mono">mkdir</span>, spaces and all. -<h2 id="tut_exit_status">Exit Status</h2> +\section tut_exit_status Exit Status -Unlike other shells, fish stores the exit status of the last command in <tt>$status</tt> instead of <tt>$?</tt>. +Unlike other shells, `fish` stores the exit status of the last command in `$status` instead of `$?`. -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>false</b> > <b>echo</b> <i>$status</i> 1 -</pre> +\endfish Zero is considered success, and non-zero is failure. <h2 id="tut_exports">Exports (Shell Variables)</h2> -Unlike other shells, fish does not have an export command. Instead, a variable is exported via an option to <tt>set</tt>, either <tt>--export</tt> or just <tt>-x</tt>. +Unlike other shells, `fish` does not have an export command. Instead, a variable is exported via an option to `set`, either `--export` or just `-x`. -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>-x MyVariable SomeValue</i> > <b>env</b> | <b>grep</b> <i>MyVariable</i> <span style="background: #A0A">MyVariable</span>=SomeValue -</pre> +\endfish + +You can erase a variable with `-e` or `--erase` -You can erase a variable with <tt>-e</tt> or <tt>--erase</tt> -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>-e MyVariable</i> > <b>env</b> | <b>grep</b> <i>MyVariable</i> <span class="meta">(no output)</span> -</pre> +\endfish -<h2 id="tut_lists">Lists</h2> -<p>The <tt>set</tt> command above used quotes to ensure that <tt>Mister Noodle</tt> was one argument. If it had been two arguments, then <tt>name</tt> would have been a <i>list</i> of length 2. In fact, all variables in fish are really lists, that can contain any number of values, or none at all. +\section tut_lists Lists -<p>Some variables, like <tt>$PWD</tt>, only have one value. By convention, we talk about that variable's value, but we really mean its <i>first</i> (and only) value. +The `set` command above used quotes to ensure that `Mister Noodle` was one argument. If it had been two arguments, then `name` would have been a <i>list</i> of length 2. In fact, all variables in `fish` are really lists, that can contain any number of values, or none at all. -<p>Other variables, like <tt>$PATH</tt>, really do have multiple values. During <i>variable expansion</i>, the variable expands to become multiple arguments: +Some variables, like `$PWD`, only have one value. By convention, we talk about that variable's value, but we really mean its <i>first</i> (and only) value. -<pre> +Other variables, like `$PATH`, really do have multiple values. During <i>variable expansion</i>, the variable expands to become multiple arguments: + +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>$PATH</i> /usr/bin /bin /usr/sbin /sbin /usr/local/bin -</pre> +\endfish -<p>Lists cannot contain other lists: there is no recursion. A variable is a list of strings, full stop. +Lists cannot contain other lists: there is no recursion. A variable is a list of strings, full stop. -<p>Get the length of a list with <tt>count</tt>: +Get the length of a list with `count`: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>count</b> <i>$PATH</i> 5 -</pre> +\endfish You can append (or prepend) to a list by setting the list to itself, with some additional arguments. Here we append /usr/local/bin to $PATH: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>PATH $PATH /usr/local/bin</i> -</pre> +\endfish You can access individual elements with square brackets. Indexing starts at 1 from the beginning, and -1 from the end: -<pre> + +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>$PATH</i> /usr/bin /bin /usr/sbin /sbin /usr/local/bin > <b>echo</b> <i>$PATH[1]</i> /usr/bin > <b>echo</b> <i>$PATH[-1]</i> /usr/local/bin -</pre> +\endfish You can also access ranges of elements, known as "slices:" -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>$PATH[1..2]</i> /usr/bin /bin > <b>echo</b> <i>$PATH[-1..2]</i> /usr/local/bin /sbin /usr/sbin /bin -</pre> +\endfish You can iterate over a list (or a slice) with a <i>for loop</i>: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>for</b> <i>val</i> <b>in</b> <i>$PATH</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>"entry: $val"</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>"entry: $val"</i> <b>end</b> entry: /usr/bin/ entry: /bin entry: /usr/sbin entry: /sbin entry: /usr/local/bin -</pre> +\endfish -<h2 id="tut_command_substitutions">Command Substitutions</h2> +\section tut_command_substitutions Command Substitutions -Command substitutions use the output of one command as an argument to another. Unlike other shells, fish does not use backticks ` for command substitutions. Instead, it uses parentheses: +Command substitutions use the output of one command as an argument to another. Unlike other shells, `fish` does not use backticks ` for command substitutions. Instead, it uses parentheses: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>In (</i><b>pwd</b><i>), running (</i><b>uname</b><i>)</i> In /home/tutorial, running FreeBSD -</pre> +\endfish A common idiom is to capture the output of a command in a variable: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>os (</i><b>uname</b><i>)</i> > <b>echo</b> <i>$os</i> Linux -</pre> +\endfish Command substitutions are not expanded within quotes. Instead, you can temporarily close the quotes, add the command substitution, and reopen them, all in the same argument: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>touch</b> <i class="quote">"testing_"</i><i>(</i><b>date</b> <i>+%s</i><i>)</i><i class="quote">".txt"</i> > <b>ls</b> <i>*.txt</i> testing_1360099791.txt -</pre> +\endfish <h2 id="tut_combiners">Combiners (And, Or, Not)</h2> -Unlike other shells, fish does not have special syntax like && or || to combine commands. Instead it has commands <tt>and</tt>, <tt>or</tt>, and <tt>not</tt>. +Unlike other shells, `fish` does not have special syntax like && or || to combine commands. Instead it has commands `and`, `or`, and `not`. -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>cp</b> <i>file1.txt file1_bak.txt</i>; <b>and echo</b> <i class="quote">"Backup successful"</i>; <b>or echo</b> <i class="quote">"Backup failed"</i> Backup failed -</pre> +\endfish <h2 id="tut_conditionals">Conditionals (If, Else, Switch)</h2> -Use <tt>if</tt>, <tt>else if</tt>, and <tt>else</tt> to conditionally execute code, based on the exit status of a command. +Use `if`, `else if`, and `else` to conditionally execute code, based on the exit status of a command. -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} <b>if grep</b> <i>fish /etc/shells</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>Found fish</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Found fish</i> <b>else if grep</b> <i>bash /etc/shells</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>Found bash</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Found bash</i> <b>else</b> - <b>echo</b> <i>Got nothing</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Got nothing</i> <b>end</b> -</pre> +\endfish -There is also a <tt>switch</tt> command: +There is also a `switch` command: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} <b>switch</b> <i>(</i><b>uname</b><i>)</i> - <b>case</b> <i>Linux</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>Hi Tux!</i> - <b>case</b> <i>Darwin</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>Hi Hexley!</i> - <b>case</b> <i>FreeBSD NetBSD DragonFly</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>Hi Beastie!</i> - <b>case</b> <i class="quote">'*'</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>Hi, stranger!</i> +<b>case</b> <i>Linux</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Hi Tux!</i> +<b>case</b> <i>Darwin</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Hi Hexley!</i> +<b>case</b> <i>FreeBSD NetBSD DragonFly</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Hi Beastie!</i> +<b>case</b> <i class="quote">'*'</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>Hi, stranger!</i> <b>end</b> -</pre> +\endfish + +Note that `case` does not fall through, and can accept multiple arguments or (quoted) wildcards. -Note that <tt>case</tt> does not fall through, and can accept multiple arguments or (quoted) wildcards. -<h2 id="tut_functions">Functions</h2> +\section tut_functions Functions -A fish function is a list of commands, which may optionally take arguments. Unlike other shells, arguments are not passed in "numbered variables" like <tt>$1</tt>, but instead in a single list <tt>$argv</tt>. To create a function, use the <tt>function</tt> builtin: +A `fish` function is a list of commands, which may optionally take arguments. Unlike other shells, arguments are not passed in "numbered variables" like `$1`, but instead in a single list `$argv`. To create a function, use the `function` builtin: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <i><b>function</b> say_hello - <b>echo</b> Hello $argv + <b>echo</b> Hello $argv <b>end</b></i> > <b>say_hello</b> Hello > <b>say_hello <i>everybody!</i></b> Hello everybody! -</pre> +\endfish -<p>Unlike other shells, fish does not have aliases or special prompt syntax. Functions take their place. +Unlike other shells, `fish` does not have aliases or special prompt syntax. Functions take their place. -<p>You can list the names of all functions with the <tt>functions</tt> keyword (note the plural!). fish starts out with a number of functions: +You can list the names of all functions with the `functions` keyword (note the plural!). `fish` starts out with a number of functions: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>functions</b> alias, cd, delete-or-exit, dirh, dirs, down-or-search, eval, export, fish_command_not_found_setup, fish_config, fish_default_key_bindings, fish_prompt, fish_right_prompt, fish_sigtrap_handler, fish_update_completions, funced, funcsave, grep, help, history, isatty, ls, man, math, nextd, nextd-or-forward-word, open, popd, prevd, prevd-or-backward-word, prompt_pwd, psub, pushd, seq, setenv, sgrep, trap, type, umask, up-or-search, vared -</pre> +\endfish -<p>You can see the source for any function by passing its name to <tt>functions</tt>: +You can see the source for any function by passing its name to `functions`: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>functions</b> <i>ls</i> function ls --description 'List contents of directory' - command ls -G $argv + command ls -G $argv end -</pre> +\endfish -<h2 id="tut_loops">Loops</h2> + +\section tut_loops Loops While loops: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>while</b> <i>true</i> - <b>echo</b> <i class="quote">"Loop forever"</i> + <b>echo</b> <i class="quote">"Loop forever"</i> <b>end</b> Loop forever Loop forever Loop forever ... -</pre> +\endfish For loops can be used to iterate over a list. For example, a list of files: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>for</b> <i>file in *.txt</i> - <b>cp</b> <i>$file $file.bak</i> + <b>cp</b> <i>$file $file.bak</i> <b>end</b> -</pre> +\endfish Iterating over a list of numbers can be done with `seq`: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>for</b> <i>x in (</i><b>seq</b> <i>5)</i> - <b>touch</b> <i>file_$x.txt</i> + <b>touch</b> <i>file_$x.txt</i> <b>end</b> -</pre> +\endfish -<h2 id="tut_prompt">Prompt</h2> +\section tut_prompt Prompt -Unlike other shells, there is no prompt variable like PS1. To display your prompt, fish executes a function with the name <tt>fish_prompt</tt>, and its output is used as the prompt. +Unlike other shells, there is no prompt variable like PS1. To display your prompt, `fish` executes a function with the name `fish_prompt`, and its output is used as the prompt. You can define your own prompt: -<pre> -> <b>function <i>fish_prompt</i> - echo <i>"New Prompt % "</i> - end</b> -New Prompt % <u> </u> -</b> -</pre> -Multiple lines are OK. Colors can be set via <tt>set_color</tt>, passing it named ANSI colors, or hex RGB values: +\fish{cli-dark} +> <b>function</b> <i>fish_prompt</i> + echo <i>"New Prompt % "</i> +<b>end</b> +New Prompt % <span class="u"> </span> +\endfish + +Multiple lines are OK. Colors can be set via `set_color`, passing it named ANSI colors, or hex RGB values: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>function</b> <i>fish_prompt</i> - <b>set_color</b> <i>purple</i> - <b>date</b> <i class="quote">"+%m/%d/%y"</i> - <b>set_color</b> <i>FF0</i> - <b>echo</b> <i>(</i><b>pwd</b><i>)</i> <i class="quote">'>'</i> - <b>set_color</b> <i>normal</i> + <b>set_color</b> <i>purple</i> + <b>date</b> <i class="quote">"+%m/%d/%y"</i> + <b>set_color</b> <i>FF0</i> + <b>echo</b> <i>(</i><b>pwd</b><i>)</i> <i class="quote">'>'</i> + <b>set_color</b> <i>normal</i> <b>end</b> <span style="color: purple">02/06/13</span> -<span style="color: #FF0">/home/tutorial ></span><u> </u> -</b> -</pre> +<span style="color: #FF0">/home/tutorial ></span><span class="u"> </span> +\endfish -<p>You can choose among some sample prompts by running <tt>fish_config prompt</tt>. fish also supports RPROMPT through <tt>fish_right_prompt</tt>. +You can choose among some sample prompts by running `fish_config prompt`. `fish` also supports RPROMPT through `fish_right_prompt`. -<h3>$PATH</h2> +\subsection tut-path $PATH -<tt>$PATH</tt> is an environment variable containing the directories in which fish searches for commands. Instead of separating entries with a colon, $PATH is a list. You can modify $PATH in a few ways: +`$PATH` is an environment variable containing the directories in which `fish` searches for commands. Instead of separating entries with a colon, $PATH is a list. You can modify $PATH in a few ways: -<p><ol> -<li>By modifying the <tt>$fish_user_paths</tt> variable, which is automatically appended to <tt>$PATH</tt>. For example, to permanently add /usr/local/bin to your <tt>$PATH</tt>, you could write: +-# By modifying the `$fish_user_paths` variable, which is automatically appended to `$PATH`. For example, to permanently add `/usr/local/bin` to your `$PATH`, you could write: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>-U fish_user_paths $fish_user_paths /usr/local/bin</i> -</pre> - +\endfish -<li>Directly in config.fish (see below).</li> -</ol> +-# Directly in config.fish (see below). <h2 id="tut_startup">Startup (Where's .bashrc?)</h2> -<p>fish starts by executing commands in <tt>~/.config/fish/config.fish</tt>. You can create it if it does not exist. +`fish` starts by executing commands in `~/.config/fish/config.fish`. You can create it if it does not exist. -<p>It is possible to directly create functions and variables in <tt>config.fish</tt> file, using the commands shown above. For example: +It is possible to directly create functions and variables in `config.fish` file, using the commands shown above. For example: -<p><pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>cat</b> <i>~/.config/fish/config.fish</i> set -x PATH $PATH /sbin/ @@ -695,52 +532,54 @@ set -x PATH $PATH /sbin/ function ll ls -lh $argv end -</pre> +\endfish -<p>However, it is more common and efficient to use <i>autoloading functions</i> and <i>universal variables</i>. +However, it is more common and efficient to use <i>autoloading functions</i> and <i>universal variables</i>. -<h3>Autoloading Functions</h2> +\subsection tut-autoload Autoloading Functions -<p>When fish encounters a command, it attempts to <i>autoload</i> a function for that command, by looking for a file with the name of that command in <tt>~/.config/fish/functions/</tt>. +When `fish` encounters a command, it attempts to <i>autoload</i> a function for that command, by looking for a file with the name of that command in `~/.config/fish/functions/`. -<p>For example, if you wanted to have a function <tt>ll</tt>, you would add a text file <tt>ll.fish</tt> to <tt>~/.config/fish/functions</tt>: +For example, if you wanted to have a function `ll`, you would add a text file `ll.fish` to `~/.config/fish/functions`: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>cat</b> <i>~/.config/fish/functions/ll.fish</i> function ll - ls -lh $argv + ls -lh $argv end -</pre> +\endfish This is the preferred way to define your prompt as well: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>cat</b> <i>~/.config/fish/functions/fish_prompt.fish</i> function fish_prompt - echo (pwd) '> ' + echo (pwd) '> ' end -</pre> +\endfish -<p>See the documentation for <a href="commands.html#funced">funced</a> and <a href="commands.html#funcsave">funcsave</a> for ways to create these files automatically. +See the documentation for <a href="commands.html#funced">funced</a> and <a href="commands.html#funcsave">funcsave</a> for ways to create these files automatically. -<h3>Universal Variables</h2> +\subsection tut-universal Universal Variables -<p>A universal variable is a variable whose value is shared across all instances of fish, now and in the future - even after a reboot. You can make a variable universal with <tt>set -U</tt>: +A universal variable is a variable whose value is shared across all instances of `fish`, now and in the future - even after a reboot. You can make a variable universal with `set -U`: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>set</b> <i>-U EDITOR vim</i> -</pre> +\endfish Now in another shell: -<pre> +\fish{cli-dark} > <b>echo</b> <i>$EDITOR</i> vim -</pre> +\endfish -<h3>Ready for more?</h2> +\subsection tut-more Ready for more? -<p>If you want to learn more about fish, there is <a href="index.html">lots of detailed documentation</a>, an <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users">official mailing list</a>, the IRC channel <tt>#fish</tt> on <tt>irc.oftc.net</tt>, and the <a href="http://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/">github page</a>. +If you want to learn more about fish, there is <a href="index.html">lots of detailed documentation</a>, an <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users">official mailing list</a>, the IRC channel \#fish on `irc.oftc.net`, and the <a href="http://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/">github page</a>. +\htmlonly[block] </div> - \endhtmlonly +\endhtmlonly +*/ diff --git a/doc_src/type.txt b/doc_src/type.txt index 8945102c..7a2c882b 100644 --- a/doc_src/type.txt +++ b/doc_src/type.txt @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ \section type type - indicate how a command would be interpreted \subsection type-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>type [OPTIONS] NAME [NAME ...]</tt> +\fish{syn} +type [OPTIONS] NAME [NAME ...] +\endfish \subsection type-description Description -With no options, \c type indicates how each \c NAME would be interpreted if used as a command name. +With no options, `type` indicates how each `NAME` would be interpreted if used as a command name. The following options are available: @@ -17,9 +19,9 @@ The following options are available: - \c -P or \c --force-path returns the name of the disk file that would be executed, or nothing if no file with the specified name could be found in the <tt>$PATH</tt>. - \c -q or \c --quiet suppresses all output; this is useful when testing the exit status. -\c type sets the exit status to 0 if the specified command was found, +`type` sets the exit status to 0 if the specified command was found, and 1 if it could not be found. \subsection type-example Example -<tt>type fg</tt> outputs the string 'fg is a shell builtin'. +`type fg` outputs the string '`fg is a shell builtin`'. diff --git a/doc_src/ulimit.txt b/doc_src/ulimit.txt index 7b4e3c45..0d35f913 100644 --- a/doc_src/ulimit.txt +++ b/doc_src/ulimit.txt @@ -1,46 +1,48 @@ \section ulimit ulimit - set or get resource usage limits \subsection ulimit-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>ulimit [OPTIONS] [LIMIT]</tt> +\fish{syn} +ulimit [OPTIONS] [LIMIT] +\endfish \subsection ulimit-description Description -\c ulimit builtin sets or outputs the resource usage limits of the +`ulimit` builtin sets or outputs the resource usage limits of the shell and any processes spawned by it. If a new limit value is omitted, the current value of the limit of the resource is printed; otherwise, the specified limit is set to the new value. Use one of the following switches to specify which resource limit to set or report: -- <code>-c</code> or <code>--core-size</code>: the maximum size of core files created. By setting this limit to zero, core dumps can be disabled. -- <code>-d</code> or <code>--data-size</code>: the maximum size of a process' data segment. -- <code>-f</code> or <code>--file-size</code>: the maximum size of files created by the shell. -- <code>-l</code> or <code>--lock-size</code>: the maximum size that may be locked into memory. -- <code>-m</code> or <code>--resident-set-size</code>: the maximum resident set size. -- <code>-n</code> or <code>--file-descriptor-count</code>: the maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not allow this value to be set). -- <code>-s</code> or <code>--stack-size</code>: the maximum stack size. -- <code>-t</code> or <code>--cpu-time</code>: the maximum amount of CPU time in seconds. -- <code>-u</code> or <code>--process-count</code>: the maximum number of processes available to a single user. -- <code>-v</code> or <code>--virtual-memory-size</code> The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell. +- `-c` or `--core-size`: the maximum size of core files created. By setting this limit to zero, core dumps can be disabled. +- `-d` or `--data-size`: the maximum size of a process' data segment. +- `-f` or `--file-size`: the maximum size of files created by the shell. +- `-l` or `--lock-size`: the maximum size that may be locked into memory. +- `-m` or `--resident-set-size`: the maximum resident set size. +- `-n` or `--file-descriptor-count`: the maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not allow this value to be set). +- `-s` or `--stack-size`: the maximum stack size. +- `-t` or `--cpu-time`: the maximum amount of CPU time in seconds. +- `-u` or `--process-count`: the maximum number of processes available to a single user. +- `-v` or `--virtual-memory-size` The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell. Note that not all these limits are available in all operating systems. The value of limit can be a number in the unit specified for -the resource or one of the special values <tt>hard</tt>, <tt>soft</tt>, or <tt>unlimited</tt>, +the resource or one of the special values `hard`, `soft`, or `unlimited`, which stand for the current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, respectively. If limit is given, it is the new value of the specified resource. If -no option is given, then \c -f is assumed. Values are in kilobytes, -except for \c -t, which is in seconds and \c -n and \c -u, which are unscaled +no option is given, then `-f` is assumed. Values are in kilobytes, +except for `-t`, which is in seconds and `-n` and `-u`, which are unscaled values. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit. -\c ulimit also accepts the following switches that determine what type of +`ulimit` also accepts the following switches that determine what type of limit to set: -- <code>-H</code> or <code>--hard</code> sets hard resource limit -- <code>-S</code> or <code>--soft</code> sets soft resource limit +- `-H` or `--hard` sets hard resource limit +- `-S` or `--soft` sets soft resource limit A hard limit can only be decreased. Once it is set it cannot be increased; a soft limit may be increased up to the value of the hard @@ -48,19 +50,19 @@ limit. If neither -H nor -S is specified, both the soft and hard limits are updated when assigning a new limit value, and the soft limit is used when reporting the current value. -The following additional options are also understood by <tt>ulimit</tt>: +The following additional options are also understood by `ulimit`: -- <code>-a</code> or <code>--all</code> prints all current limits -- <code>-h</code> or <code>--help</code> displays help and exits. +- `-a` or `--all` prints all current limits +- `-h` or `--help` displays help and exits. -The \c fish implementation of \c ulimit should behave identically to the +The `fish` implementation of `ulimit` should behave identically to the implementation in bash, except for these differences: -- Fish \c ulimit supports GNU-style long options for all switches -- Fish \c ulimit does not support the \c -p option for getting the pipe size. The bash implementation consists of a compile-time check that empirically guesses this number by writing to a pipe and waiting for SIGPIPE. Fish does not do this because it this method of determining pipe size is unreliable. Depending on bash version, there may also be further additional limits to set in bash that do not exist in fish. -- Fish \c ulimit does not support getting or setting multiple limits in one command, except reporting all values using the -a switch +- Fish `ulimit` supports GNU-style long options for all switches +- Fish `ulimit` does not support the `-p` option for getting the pipe size. The bash implementation consists of a compile-time check that empirically guesses this number by writing to a pipe and waiting for SIGPIPE. Fish does not do this because it this method of determining pipe size is unreliable. Depending on bash version, there may also be further additional limits to set in bash that do not exist in fish. +- Fish `ulimit` does not support getting or setting multiple limits in one command, except reporting all values using the -a switch \subsection ulimit-example Example -<tt>ulimit -Hs 64</tt> sets the hard stack size limit to 64 kB. +`ulimit -Hs 64` sets the hard stack size limit to 64 kB. diff --git a/doc_src/umask.txt b/doc_src/umask.txt index bc9aac0c..49e0f796 100644 --- a/doc_src/umask.txt +++ b/doc_src/umask.txt @@ -1,25 +1,27 @@ \section umask umask - set or get the file creation mode mask \subsection umask-synopsis Synopsis -<code>umask [OPTIONS] [MASK]</code> +\fish{syn} +umask [OPTIONS] [MASK] +\endfish \subsection umask-description Description -\c umask displays and manipulates the "umask", or file creation mode mask, +`umask` displays and manipulates the "umask", or file creation mode mask, which is used to restrict the default access to files. The umask may be expressed either as an octal number, which represents the rights that will be removed by default, or symbolically, which represents the only rights that will be granted by default. -Access rights are explained in the manual page for the \c chmod(1) program. +Access rights are explained in the manual page for the `chmod`(1) program. With no parameters, the current file creation mode mask is printed as an octal number. -- <code>-h</code> or <code>--help</code> prints this message. -- <code>-S</code> or <code>--symbolic</code> prints the umask in symbolic form instead of octal form. -- <code>-p</code> or <code>--as-command</code> outputs the umask in a form that may be reused as input +- `-h` or `--help` prints this message. +- `-S` or `--symbolic` prints the umask in symbolic form instead of octal form. +- `-p` or `--as-command` outputs the umask in a form that may be reused as input If a numeric mask is specified as a parameter, the current shell's umask will be set to that value, and the rights specified by that mask will be @@ -30,21 +32,21 @@ not the inverse, should be specified. A symbolic mask is a comma separated list of rights. Each right consists of three parts: - The first part specifies to whom this set of right applies, and can -be one of \c u, \c g, \c o or \c a, where \c u specifies the user who -owns the file, \c g specifies the group owner of the file, \c o -specific other users rights and \c a specifies all three should be +be one of `u`, `g`, `o` or `a`, where `u` specifies the user who +owns the file, `g` specifies the group owner of the file, `o` +specific other users rights and `a` specifies all three should be changed. - The second part of a right specifies the mode, and can be one of \c -=, \c + or \c -, where \c = specifies that the rights should be set to -the new value, \c + specifies that the specified right should be added -to those previously specified and \c - specifies that the specified +=, `+` or `-`, where `=` specifies that the rights should be set to +the new value, `+` specifies that the specified right should be added +to those previously specified and `-` specifies that the specified rights should be removed from those previously specified. - The third part of a right specifies what rights should be changed -and can be any combination of \c r, \c w and \c x, representing +and can be any combination of `r`, `w` and `x`, representing read, write and execute rights. -If the first and second parts are skipped, they are assumed to be \c a -and \c =, respectively. As an example, <code>r,u+w</code> means all +If the first and second parts are skipped, they are assumed to be `a` +and `=`, respectively. As an example, `r,u+w` means all users should have read access and the file owner should also have write access. @@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ Note that symbolic masks currently do not work as intended. \subsection umask-example Example -<code>umask 177</code> or <code>umask u=rw</code> sets the file +`umask 177` or `umask u=rw` sets the file creation mask to read and write for the owner and no permissions at all for any other users. diff --git a/doc_src/user_doc.css.in b/doc_src/user_doc.css.in new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d2f00642 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc_src/user_doc.css.in @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@ +* { + margin: 0; + -moz-box-sizing: border-box; + -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; + box-sizing: border-box; +} +html { font-size: 62.5%; } +html, body { + min-height: 100%; + background: #fff; + color: #111; +} +body { + text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; + overflow: hidden; +} +.logo { + position: absolute; + width: 200px; + height: 135px; + background-image: url(ascii_fish.png); +} +/*Top site index*/ +.qindex { + font: 500 1.4rem/3.6rem "DejaVuSansCondensed", Roboto, Verdana, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; + border: none; + color: white; + background-color: #1f2d53; + text-align: center; + position: relative; + width: 100%; + height: 3.6rem; + overflow: hidden; +} +/* Don't show the header */ +.header { display: none; } +/*Substructure*/ +.contents { + margin: 0; + min-width: 570px; +} +.fish_left_bar, .fish_right_bar, .fish_only_bar { + position: absolute; + top: 3.6rem; + bottom: 0; + overflow-y: scroll; + -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; /* necessary for momentum scrolling */ + font: 400 1.4rem/2.3rem "DejaVuSans", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; +} +.fish_left_bar { + width: 250px; + color: white; + font-family: "DejaVuSansCondensed", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; + background-color: #1f2d53; +} +.fish_left_little { width: 200px; } +.fish_left_big { width: 380px; } +.fish_right_bar { + margin-left: 250px; + margin-right: 0; + padding: 0 3rem; + -moz-box-shadow: -6px 0 6px 4px black; + -webkit-box-shadow: -6px 0 6px 4px black; + box-shadow: -0.6rem 0 0.6rem 0.4rem rgba(0,0,0,0.4); +} +.fish_right_little { margin-left: 380px; } +.fish_right_big { margin-left: 200px; } +.fish_only_bar { + width: 100%; +} +hr { + height: 0; + border: none; + border-top: 1px solid #AAA; +} +/*Ineraction*/ +a { color: #3d5cb3; } +.qindex a { + color: white; + text-decoration: none; +} +.qindex a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } +.fish_left_bar a { + color: white; + text-decoration: none; +} +.fish_left_bar a:visited { color: inherit; } +.fish_left_bar a:hover { color: #88aaff; } +.fish_right_bar a { text-decoration: none; } +.fish_right_bar a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } +/* Adjust lists */ +.fish_left_bar ul { + padding-left: 2rem; + padding-right: 1rem; +} +.fish_right_bar ul { + list-style-type: circle; + padding-left: 2.4rem; + margin: 1.4rem 0; +} +.fish_right_bar ul li { + margin-bottom: 0.6rem; +} +.fish_right_bar p > code { + display: inline-block; +} +/* Typography */ +p { margin: 1rem 0; } +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { + color: #1f2d53; + font-family: Roboto, "DejaVuSansCondensed-Bold", "DejaVuSans-Bold", Verdana, sans-serif; +} +h1 { + margin: 2rem 0 1.4rem 0; + font-weight: 700; + font-size: 2rem; +} +h2 { + margin: 1.6rem 0 1rem 0; + font-weight: 600; + font-size: 1.7rem; +} +h3 { + margin: 1rem 0 0.4rem 0; + font-weight: 500; + font-size: 1.6rem; +} +.interior_title { + font-size: 2rem; + color: #414141; + padding-bottom: 10px; + border-bottom: 1px solid #AAA; +} +/*Special Formmating for Code and keys*/ +.key span { + display:none; +} +.key em { + margin-right: 2px; + font-style: normal; +} +.key em, .key b { + padding: 0 4px; + background-color: #fafafa; + border: 1px solid #aaa; + border-radius: 3px; + font-weight: normal; + white-space: nowrap; +} +tt, code, pre, .fish { + font-family: "DejaVu Sans Mono", Menlo, Monaco, "Source Code Pro", "Ubuntu Mono", "Consolas", "Lucida Console", monospace, fixed; + font-weight: 500; + text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,1); /* Stronger anti-aliasing */ +} +tt { + color: red; /*REMOVE THIS*/ +} +code, pre, .line { + white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; + white-space: -pre-wrap; + white-space: -o-pre-wrap; + white-space: pre-wrap; + word-wrap: break-word; +} +h1 > code, h2 > code, h3 > code { + font-family: "DejaVu Sans Mono", Menlo, "Source Code Pro", "Consolas", "Lucida Console", Roboto, Verdana, sans-serif; + font-weight: 700; +} +.fish { + margin: 1rem; + padding: 0.4rem 1rem; + line-height: 1.9rem; + background-color: #fafafa; + border: 1px solid #f0f0f0; + border-radius: 0.4rem; +} + +.comment { color: #777; } +.command { color: #0A0; } +.function { color: #0A0; } +.binary { color: #060; } +.argument { color: #906; } +.variable { color: #339; } +.redirect { color: #F00; } +.operator { color: #990; } +.file { color: #c97922; } +.path { color: #c97922; } +.string { color: #770; } +.prompt { color: #03C; } +.suggest { color: cyan ; } +.error { color: red; font-weight: bold; } +.cursor { border-bottom: 2px solid green; } + + +/*.keyword, .keywordflow { color: #050; }*/ +/*.stringliteral, .charliteral { color: #226; }*/ +/*.preprocessor, .comment { color: #555; text-shadow: none; }*/ + +.cli-dark { + background-color: #111; + color: #ddd; + padding: 0.4rem 2rem; + border-radius: 0.4rem; +} +/* +.cli .command { + color: #0E0; + font-weight: bold; +} +.cli .function { + color: #0C0; +}*/ +/*Menus*/ +.menu { margin: 1.4rem 0; line-height: 2.2rem; } +.menu ul { list-style-type: none; } +.menu > ul li { position: relative; } +.menu > ul li:before { + content: "›"; + color: #88aaff; + font-size: 1.6rem; + position: absolute; + left: -1rem; + top: -1px; +} +/*Page overrides*/ +/*Documentation*/ +.docs_menu { line-height: 2rem } +.docs_menu > ul > li { position: static; } +.docs_menu > ul ul { margin: 0.6rem 0; } +.docs_menu > ul ul > li { margin-bottom: 0.2rem; } +/*Tutorial*/ + +/*Design*/ +.design { + max-width: 780px; + margin: 0 auto; + padding: 0 4rem; +} +/*Commands*/ +.commands_menu { line-height: 2rem } +/*FAQ*/ +.faq_menu { line-height: 2rem } +.faq_menu > ul li { margin-bottom: 0.6rem; } +/*Licenses*/ +.license { + max-width: 780px; + margin: 0 auto; + padding: 0 4rem; +} +.license li { margin: 1rem 0; } +.license ul li:first-child { + list-style-type: none; + position: relative; +} +.license ul li:first-child:before { + content: "0."; + position: absolute; + left: -2rem; +} + + diff --git a/doc_src/user_doc.footer.html b/doc_src/user_doc.footer.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..308b1d01 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc_src/user_doc.footer.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +</body> +</html> diff --git a/doc_src/user_doc.header.html b/doc_src/user_doc.header.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8e1be50c --- /dev/null +++ b/doc_src/user_doc.header.html @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> +<meta charset="utf-8" /> +<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> +<meta name="generator" content="Doxygen $doxygenversion"/> +<title>$projectname: $title</title> +$extrastylesheet +</head> +<body> +<div id="top" class="qindex"><!-- do not close this div here, it is closed by doxygen! --> +<a href="http://fishshell.com/"><code>fish</code> shell</a> +| +<a href="index.html">Documentation</a> +| +<a href="tutorial.html">Tutorial</a> +| +<a href="design.html">Design</a> +| +<a href="commands.html">Commands</a> +| +<a href="faq.html">FAQ</a> +| +<a href="license.html">License</a> diff --git a/doc_src/vared.txt b/doc_src/vared.txt index 609172d7..90877553 100644 --- a/doc_src/vared.txt +++ b/doc_src/vared.txt @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ \section vared vared - interactively edit the value of an environment variable \subsection vared-synopsis Synopsis - <tt>vared VARIABLE_NAME</tt> +\fish{syn} +vared VARIABLE_NAME +\endfish \subsection vared-description Description -\c vared is used to interactively edit the value of an environment -variable. Array variables as a whole can not be edited using \c vared, +`vared` is used to interactively edit the value of an environment +variable. Array variables as a whole can not be edited using `vared`, but individual array elements can. \subsection vared-example Example -<code>vared PATH[3]</code> edits the third element of the PATH array +`vared PATH[3]` edits the third element of the PATH array diff --git a/doc_src/while.txt b/doc_src/while.txt index 496c36c2..2fa74cb6 100644 --- a/doc_src/while.txt +++ b/doc_src/while.txt @@ -1,21 +1,23 @@ \section while while - perform a command multiple times \subsection while-synopsis Synopsis -<tt>while CONDITION; COMMANDS...; end</tt> +\fish{syn} +while CONDITION; COMMANDS...; end +\endfish \subsection while-description Description -<tt>while</tt> repeatedly executes <tt>CONDITION</tt>, and if the exit status -is 0, then executes <tt>COMMANDS</tt>. +`while` repeatedly executes `CONDITION`, and if the exit status +is 0, then executes `COMMANDS`. -If the exit status of \c CONDITION is non-zero on the first iteration, -\c COMMANDS will not be executed at all. +If the exit status of `CONDITION` is non-zero on the first iteration, +`COMMANDS` will not be executed at all. -Use <a href="#begin"><tt>begin; ...; end</tt></a> for complex conditions; more -complex control can be achieved with <tt>while true</tt> containing a +Use <a href="#begin">`begin; ...; end`</a> for complex conditions; more +complex control can be achieved with `while true` containing a <a href="#break">break</a>. \subsection while-example Example -<tt>while test -f foo.txt; echo file exists; sleep 10; end</tt> +`while test -f foo.txt; echo file exists; sleep 10; end` outputs 'file exists' at 10 second intervals as long as the file foo.txt exists. |
