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authorGravatar laurentlb <laurentlb@google.com>2017-07-21 15:56:35 +0200
committerGravatar Jakob Buchgraber <buchgr@google.com>2017-07-24 09:51:06 +0200
commit0736aead33ba3d144f6cb2498ec175c3bfce9556 (patch)
tree403a80a1402d04ede1880946d8c0ba0500cf27fc
parenta5be5586027cccc46e3221b4b58dcced22f63f9f (diff)
Tutorial about macro creation
RELNOTES: None. PiperOrigin-RevId: 162736242
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Tutorials <span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="collapse sidebar-nav sidebar-submenu" id="extensions-tutorials">
- <li><a href="/versions/{{ site.version }}/skylark/tutorial-sharing-variables.html">Sharing Variables</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/versions/{{ site.version }}/skylark/tutorial-sharing-variables.html">Sharing variables</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/versions/{{ site.version }}/skylark/tutorial-creating-a-macro.html">Creating a macro</a></li>
<li><a href="/versions/{{ site.version }}/skylark/cookbook.html">Examples</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
diff --git a/site/docs/skylark/tutorial-creating-a-macro.md b/site/docs/skylark/tutorial-creating-a-macro.md
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+---
+layout: documentation
+title: Creating a macro
+---
+
+# Creating a macro
+
+Let's suppose you need to run a tool as part of your build. For example, you
+may want to generate or preprocess a source file, or compress a binary. In this
+tutorial, we are going to resize an image.
+
+The easiest way is to use a `genrule`:
+
+``` python
+genrule(
+ name = "logo_miniature",
+ srcs = ["logo.png"],
+ outs = ["small_logo.png"],
+ cmd = "convert $< -resize 100x100 $@",
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+ name = "my_app",
+ srcs = ["my_app.cc"],
+ data = [":logo_miniature"],
+)
+```
+
+If you need to resize more images, you may want to reuse the code. To do that,
+we are going to define a function in a separate `.bzl` file. Let's call the file
+`miniature.bzl`:
+
+``` python
+def miniature(name, src, size="100x100", **kwargs):
+ """Create a miniature of the src image.
+
+ The generated file is prefixed with 'small_'.
+ """
+ native.genrule(
+ name = name,
+ srcs = [src],
+ outs = ["small_" + src],
+ cmd = "convert $< -resize 100x100 $@",
+ **kwargs
+ )
+```
+
+A few remarks:
+
+* By convention, macros have a `name` argument, just like rules.
+
+* We document the behavior of a macro by using a
+ [docstring](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0257/) like in Python.
+
+* To call a `genrule`, or any other native rule, use `native.`.
+
+* `**kwargs` is used to forward the extra arguments to the underlying `genrule`
+ (it works just like in [Python](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html#keyword-arguments)).
+ This is useful, so that a user can use standard attributes like `visibility`,
+ or `tags`.
+
+Now, you can use the macro from the `BUILD` file:
+
+``` python
+load("//path/to:miniature.bzl", "miniature")
+
+miniature(
+ name = "logo_miniature",
+ src = "image.png",
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+ name = "my_app",
+ srcs = ["my_app.cc"],
+ data = [":logo_miniature"],
+)
+```
+
+Macros are suitable for simple tasks. If you want to do anything more
+complicated, for example add support for a new programming language, consider
+creating a [rule](rules.md). Rules will give you more control and flexibility.