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# Modules
Most of Textadept's functionality comes from Lua modules. Essentially there are
two classes of module: generic and language-specific. A generic module provides
features for all programming languages while a language-specific module provides
features for a specific programming language.
## Generic
Generic modules have a broad scope and are usually available for programming in
all languages or writing plain-text. An example is the [textadept module][]
which implements most of Textadept's functionality (find & replace, key
bindings, menus, snippets, etc.). These kinds of modules are generally loaded on
startup. See the [preferences][] page for instructions on how to load generic
modules when Textadept starts.
[textadept module]: api/_M.textadept.html
[preferences]: 08_Preferences.html#Loading.Modules
## Language-Specific
Language-specific modules have a scope limited to a single programming language.
The name of the module is named after the language's lexer in the *lexers/*
directory and is automatically loaded when editing source code in that
particular language. In addition to the source code editing features discussed
previously, these kinds of modules typically also have shell commands for
running and compiling code, indentation settings, custom key bindings, and
perhaps a custom context menu. These features are discussed below.
### Compile and Run
Most language-specific modules have a command that compiles and/or runs the code
in the current file. Pressing `Ctrl+Shift+R` (`⌘⇧R` on Mac OSX | `M-^R` in
ncurses) executes the command for compiling code and `Ctrl+R` (`⌘R` | `^R`)
executes the command for running code. Double-clicking on any error messages
will jump to where the errors occurred. Note: In order for these features to
work, the language you are working with must have its compile and run commands
and error format defined. If the language-specific module does not exist or does
not [define][] commands or an error format, it can be done [manually][] in your
[user-init file][].
[define]: api/_M.html#Compile.and.Run
[manually]: http://foicica.com/wiki/run-supplemental
[user-init file]: 08_Preferences.html#User.Init
### Buffer Properties
Some programming languages have style guidelines for indentation and/or line
endings which differ from Textadept's defaults. In this case, language-specific
modules [set][] these preferences. If you wish to change them or use your own
preferences, see the [language module preferences][] section.
[set]: api/_M.html#Buffer.Properties
[language module preferences]: 08_Preferences.html#Language-Specific
### Key Bindings
Most language-specific modules have a set of key bindings for
[custom commands][]. See the module's [LuaDoc][] or code to find out which key
bindings are assigned. They are typically stored in the `Ctrl+L` (`⌘L` on Mac
OSX | `M-L` in ncurses) key chain prefix.
[custom commands]: api/_M.html#Commands
[LuaDoc]: api/index.html
### Context Menu
Some language-specific modules add extra actions to the context menu.
Right-click inside the view to bring up this menu.
## Getting Modules
The officially supported language modules are hosted [here][] and are available
as a separate download. To upgrade to the most recent version of a module, you
can either use [Mercurial][] (run `hg pull` and then `hg update` on or from
within the module) or download a zipped version from the module's repository
homepage and overwrite the existing one.
For now, user-created modules are obtained from the [wiki][].
[here]: http://foicica.com/hg
[Mercurial]: http://mercurial.selenic.com
[wiki]: http://foicica.com/wiki/textadept
## Installing Modules
If you do not have write permissions for the directory Textadept is installed
in, place the module in your *~/.textadept/modules/* folder and replace all
instances of `_HOME` with `_USERHOME` in the module's *init.lua*. It is
recommended to put all custom or user-created modules in your
*~/.textadept/modules/* directory so they will not be overwritten when you
update Textadept. Also, modules in that directory override any modules in
Textadept's *modules/* directory. This means that if you have your own *lua*
module, it will be loaded instead of the one that comes with Textadept.
## Developing Modules
See the [module LuaDoc][].
[module LuaDoc]: api/_M.html
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