Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into plugin_credentials_api_fix

220 files changed, 7667 insertions, 3556 deletions

diff --git a/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc b/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc
index b09bf99677..c2db8eff71 100644
--- a/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc
@@ -165,25 +165,37 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethodInterfaces(
   (*vars)["Request"] = method->input_type_name();
   (*vars)["Response"] = method->output_type_name();
 
+  struct {
+    grpc::string prefix;
+    grpc::string method_params;  // extra arguments to method
+    grpc::string raw_args;       // extra arguments to raw version of method
+  } async_prefixes[] = {{"Async", ", void* tag", ", tag"},
+                        {"PrepareAsync", "", ""}};
+
   if (is_public) {
     if (method->NoStreaming()) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
           "virtual ::grpc::Status $Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
           "const $Request$& request, $Response$* response) = 0;\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "std::unique_ptr< "
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>> "
-                     "Async$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "const $Request$& request, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "return std::unique_ptr< "
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>>("
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(context, request, cq));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "std::unique_ptr< "
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>> "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "return std::unique_ptr< "
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>>("
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, request, cq));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     } else if (ClientOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
@@ -197,19 +209,26 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethodInterfaces(
           "($Method$Raw(context, response));\n");
       printer->Outdent();
       printer->Print("}\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>>"
-          " Async$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* "
-          "response, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "return std::unique_ptr< "
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>>("
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(context, response, cq, tag));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>>"
+            " $AsyncPrefix$$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "$Response$* "
+            "response, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(*vars,
+                       "return std::unique_ptr< "
+                       "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>>("
+                       "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, response, "
+                       "cq$AsyncRawArgs$));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     } else if (ServerOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
@@ -223,19 +242,25 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethodInterfaces(
           "($Method$Raw(context, request));\n");
       printer->Outdent();
       printer->Print("}\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>> "
-          "Async$Method$("
-          "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "return std::unique_ptr< "
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>>("
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(context, request, cq, tag));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>> "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$("
+            "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "return std::unique_ptr< "
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>>("
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, request, cq$AsyncRawArgs$));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     } else if (method->BidiStreaming()) {
       printer->Print(*vars,
                      "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientReaderWriterInterface< "
@@ -249,61 +274,83 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethodInterfaces(
           "$Method$Raw(context));\n");
       printer->Outdent();
       printer->Print("}\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "std::unique_ptr< "
-          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface< $Request$, $Response$>> "
-          "Async$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "return std::unique_ptr< "
-          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface< $Request$, $Response$>>("
-          "Async$Method$Raw(context, cq, tag));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "std::unique_ptr< "
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface< $Request$, $Response$>> "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "return std::unique_ptr< "
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface< $Request$, $Response$>>("
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, cq$AsyncRawArgs$));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     }
   } else {
     if (method->NoStreaming()) {
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>* "
-          "Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-          "const $Request$& request, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) = 0;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>* "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) = 0;\n");
+      }
     } else if (ClientOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
           "virtual ::grpc::ClientWriterInterface< $Request$>*"
           " $Method$Raw("
           "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response) = 0;\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>*"
-                     " Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "$Response$* response, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) = 0;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>*"
+            " $AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "$Response$* response, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) = 0;\n");
+      }
     } else if (ServerOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
           "virtual ::grpc::ClientReaderInterface< $Response$>* $Method$Raw("
           "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request) = 0;\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>* "
-          "Async$Method$Raw("
-          "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) = 0;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>* "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw("
+            "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) = 0;\n");
+      }
     } else if (method->BidiStreaming()) {
       printer->Print(*vars,
                      "virtual ::grpc::ClientReaderWriterInterface< $Request$, "
                      "$Response$>* "
                      "$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context) = 0;\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface< "
-                     "$Request$, $Response$>* "
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) = 0;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "virtual ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface< "
+            "$Request$, $Response$>* "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) = 0;\n");
+      }
     }
   }
 }
@@ -315,25 +362,35 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
   (*vars)["Method"] = method->name();
   (*vars)["Request"] = method->input_type_name();
   (*vars)["Response"] = method->output_type_name();
+  struct {
+    grpc::string prefix;
+    grpc::string method_params;  // extra arguments to method
+    grpc::string raw_args;       // extra arguments to raw version of method
+  } async_prefixes[] = {{"Async", ", void* tag", ", tag"},
+                        {"PrepareAsync", "", ""}};
+
   if (is_public) {
     if (method->NoStreaming()) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
           "::grpc::Status $Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
           "const $Request$& request, $Response$* response) override;\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>> "
-          "Async$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-          "const $Request$& request, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "return std::unique_ptr< "
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>>("
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(context, request, cq));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>> "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(*vars,
+                       "return std::unique_ptr< "
+                       "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>>("
+                       "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, request, cq));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     } else if (ClientOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
@@ -346,18 +403,24 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
                      "($Method$Raw(context, response));\n");
       printer->Outdent();
       printer->Print("}\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>>"
-                     " Async$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "$Response$* response, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "return std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>>("
-          "Async$Method$Raw(context, response, cq, tag));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(*vars,
+                       "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>>"
+                       " $AsyncPrefix$$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+                       "$Response$* response, "
+                       "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "return std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>>("
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, response, "
+            "cq$AsyncRawArgs$));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     } else if (ServerOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
@@ -371,19 +434,24 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
           "($Method$Raw(context, request));\n");
       printer->Outdent();
       printer->Print("}\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>> "
-          "Async$Method$("
-          "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "return std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>>("
-          "Async$Method$Raw(context, request, cq, tag));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>> "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$("
+            "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "return std::unique_ptr< ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>>("
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, request, cq$AsyncRawArgs$));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     } else if (method->BidiStreaming()) {
       printer->Print(
           *vars,
@@ -396,53 +464,80 @@ void PrintHeaderClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
                      "$Method$Raw(context));\n");
       printer->Outdent();
       printer->Print("}\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "std::unique_ptr<  ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< "
-                     "$Request$, $Response$>> "
-                     "Async$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-      printer->Indent();
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "return std::unique_ptr< "
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>>("
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(context, cq, tag));\n");
-      printer->Outdent();
-      printer->Print("}\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(*vars,
+                       "std::unique_ptr<  ::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< "
+                       "$Request$, $Response$>> "
+                       "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+                       "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+        printer->Indent();
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "return std::unique_ptr< "
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>>("
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(context, cq$AsyncRawArgs$));\n");
+        printer->Outdent();
+        printer->Print("}\n");
+      }
     }
   } else {
     if (method->NoStreaming()) {
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>* "
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "const $Request$& request, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) override;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>* "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) override;\n");
+      }
     } else if (ClientOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(*vars,
                      "::grpc::ClientWriter< $Request$>* $Method$Raw("
                      "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response) "
                      "override;\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>* Async$Method$Raw("
-                     "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) override;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>* $AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw("
+            "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) override;\n");
+      }
     } else if (ServerOnlyStreaming(method)) {
       printer->Print(*vars,
                      "::grpc::ClientReader< $Response$>* $Method$Raw("
                      "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request)"
                      " override;\n");
-      printer->Print(
-          *vars,
-          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>* Async$Method$Raw("
-          "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) override;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>* $AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw("
+            "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) override;\n");
+      }
     } else if (method->BidiStreaming()) {
       printer->Print(*vars,
                      "::grpc::ClientReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>* "
                      "$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context) override;\n");
-      printer->Print(*vars,
-                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>* "
-                     "Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) override;\n");
+      for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+        (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+        (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+        (*vars)["AsyncRawArgs"] = async_prefix.raw_args;
+        printer->Print(
+            *vars,
+            "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>* "
+            "$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
+            "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) override;\n");
+      }
     }
   }
 }
@@ -1077,6 +1172,13 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
   (*vars)["Method"] = method->name();
   (*vars)["Request"] = method->input_type_name();
   (*vars)["Response"] = method->output_type_name();
+  struct {
+    grpc::string prefix;
+    grpc::string start;          // bool literal expressed as string
+    grpc::string method_params;  // extra arguments to method
+    grpc::string create_args;    // extra arguments to creator
+  } async_prefixes[] = {{"Async", "true", ", void* tag", ", tag"},
+                        {"PrepareAsync", "false", "", ", nullptr"}};
   if (method->NoStreaming()) {
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "::grpc::Status $ns$$Service$::Stub::$Method$("
@@ -1087,19 +1189,23 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, request, response);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
-    printer->Print(
-        *vars,
-        "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>* "
-        "$ns$$Service$::Stub::Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-        "const $Request$& request, "
-        "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) {\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "  return "
-                   "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>::Create("
-                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
-                   "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
-                   "context, request);\n"
-                   "}\n\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncStart"] = async_prefix.start;
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>* "
+                     "$ns$$Service$::Stub::$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::"
+                     "ClientContext* context, "
+                     "const $Request$& request, "
+                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq) {\n");
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "  return "
+                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>::Create("
+                     "channel_.get(), cq, "
+                     "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
+                     "context, request, $AsyncStart$);\n"
+                     "}\n\n");
+    }
   } else if (ClientOnlyStreaming(method)) {
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "::grpc::ClientWriter< $Request$>* "
@@ -1111,17 +1217,23 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, response);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>* "
-                   "$ns$$Service$::Stub::Async$Method$Raw("
-                   "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response, "
-                   "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "  return ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>::Create("
-                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
-                   "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
-                   "context, response, tag);\n"
-                   "}\n\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncStart"] = async_prefix.start;
+      (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+      (*vars)["AsyncCreateArgs"] = async_prefix.create_args;
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>* "
+                     "$ns$$Service$::Stub::$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw("
+                     "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response, "
+                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "  return ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>::Create("
+                     "channel_.get(), cq, "
+                     "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
+                     "context, response, $AsyncStart$$AsyncCreateArgs$);\n"
+                     "}\n\n");
+    }
   } else if (ServerOnlyStreaming(method)) {
     printer->Print(
         *vars,
@@ -1134,17 +1246,24 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, request);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>* "
-                   "$ns$$Service$::Stub::Async$Method$Raw("
-                   "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-                   "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "  return ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>::Create("
-                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
-                   "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
-                   "context, request, tag);\n"
-                   "}\n\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncStart"] = async_prefix.start;
+      (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+      (*vars)["AsyncCreateArgs"] = async_prefix.create_args;
+      printer->Print(
+          *vars,
+          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>* "
+          "$ns$$Service$::Stub::$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw("
+          "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "  return ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>::Create("
+                     "channel_.get(), cq, "
+                     "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
+                     "context, request, $AsyncStart$$AsyncCreateArgs$);\n"
+                     "}\n\n");
+    }
   } else if (method->BidiStreaming()) {
     printer->Print(
         *vars,
@@ -1157,19 +1276,25 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
-    printer->Print(
-        *vars,
-        "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>* "
-        "$ns$$Service$::Stub::Async$Method$Raw(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
-        "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
-    printer->Print(
-        *vars,
-        "  return "
-        "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>::Create("
-        "channel_.get(), cq, "
-        "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
-        "context, tag);\n"
-        "}\n\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncStart"] = async_prefix.start;
+      (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+      (*vars)["AsyncCreateArgs"] = async_prefix.create_args;
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>* "
+                     "$ns$$Service$::Stub::$AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw(::grpc::"
+                     "ClientContext* context, "
+                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$) {\n");
+      printer->Print(
+          *vars,
+          "  return "
+          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>::Create("
+          "channel_.get(), cq, "
+          "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
+          "context, $AsyncStart$$AsyncCreateArgs$);\n"
+          "}\n\n");
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -1460,50 +1585,79 @@ void PrintMockClientMethods(grpc_generator::Printer *printer,
   (*vars)["Request"] = method->input_type_name();
   (*vars)["Response"] = method->output_type_name();
 
+  struct {
+    grpc::string prefix;
+    grpc::string method_params;  // extra arguments to method
+    int extra_method_param_count;
+  } async_prefixes[] = {{"Async", ", void* tag", 1}, {"PrepareAsync", "", 0}};
+
   if (method->NoStreaming()) {
     printer->Print(
         *vars,
         "MOCK_METHOD3($Method$, ::grpc::Status(::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
         "const $Request$& request, $Response$* response));\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "MOCK_METHOD3(Async$Method$Raw, "
-                   "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>*"
-                   "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-                   "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq));\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      printer->Print(
+          *vars,
+          "MOCK_METHOD3($AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw, "
+          "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReaderInterface< $Response$>*"
+          "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq));\n");
+    }
   } else if (ClientOnlyStreaming(method)) {
     printer->Print(
         *vars,
         "MOCK_METHOD2($Method$Raw, "
         "::grpc::ClientWriterInterface< $Request$>*"
         "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response));\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "MOCK_METHOD4(Async$Method$Raw, "
-                   "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>*"
-                   "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response, "
-                   "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag));\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+      (*vars)["MockArgs"] =
+          std::to_string(3 + async_prefix.extra_method_param_count);
+      printer->Print(*vars,
+                     "MOCK_METHOD$MockArgs$($AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw, "
+                     "::grpc::ClientAsyncWriterInterface< $Request$>*"
+                     "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response, "
+                     "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$));\n");
+    }
   } else if (ServerOnlyStreaming(method)) {
     printer->Print(
         *vars,
         "MOCK_METHOD2($Method$Raw, "
         "::grpc::ClientReaderInterface< $Response$>*"
         "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request));\n");
-    printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "MOCK_METHOD4(Async$Method$Raw, "
-                   "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>*"
-                   "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
-                   "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag));\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+      (*vars)["MockArgs"] =
+          std::to_string(3 + async_prefix.extra_method_param_count);
+      printer->Print(
+          *vars,
+          "MOCK_METHOD$MockArgs$($AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw, "
+          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderInterface< $Response$>*"
+          "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request, "
+          "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq$AsyncMethodParams$));\n");
+    }
   } else if (method->BidiStreaming()) {
     printer->Print(
         *vars,
         "MOCK_METHOD1($Method$Raw, "
         "::grpc::ClientReaderWriterInterface< $Request$, $Response$>*"
         "(::grpc::ClientContext* context));\n");
-    printer->Print(
-        *vars,
-        "MOCK_METHOD3(Async$Method$Raw, "
-        "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface<$Request$, $Response$>*"
-        "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, ::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, "
-        "void* tag));\n");
+    for (auto async_prefix : async_prefixes) {
+      (*vars)["AsyncPrefix"] = async_prefix.prefix;
+      (*vars)["AsyncMethodParams"] = async_prefix.method_params;
+      (*vars)["MockArgs"] =
+          std::to_string(2 + async_prefix.extra_method_param_count);
+      printer->Print(
+          *vars,
+          "MOCK_METHOD$MockArgs$($AsyncPrefix$$Method$Raw, "
+          "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriterInterface<$Request$, $Response$>*"
+          "(::grpc::ClientContext* context, ::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq"
+          "$AsyncMethodParams$));\n");
+    }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/compiler/php_generator.cc b/src/compiler/php_generator.cc
index 67967d0bd7..6d9ff3a29c 100644
--- a/src/compiler/php_generator.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/php_generator.cc
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ using std::map;
 namespace grpc_php_generator {
 namespace {
 
-grpc::string MessageIdentifierName(const grpc::string &name) {
+grpc::string ConvertToPhpNamespace(const grpc::string &name) {
   std::vector<grpc::string> tokens = grpc_generator::tokenize(name, ".");
   std::ostringstream oss;
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tokens.size(); i++) {
@@ -43,14 +43,33 @@ grpc::string MessageIdentifierName(const grpc::string &name) {
   return oss.str();
 }
 
+grpc::string PackageName(const FileDescriptor *file) {
+  if (file->options().has_php_namespace()) {
+    return file->options().php_namespace();
+  } else {
+    return ConvertToPhpNamespace(file->package());
+  }
+}
+
+grpc::string MessageIdentifierName(const grpc::string &name,
+                                   const FileDescriptor *file) {
+  std::vector<grpc::string> tokens = grpc_generator::tokenize(name, ".");
+  std::ostringstream oss;
+  oss << PackageName(file) << "\\"
+      << grpc_generator::CapitalizeFirstLetter(tokens[tokens.size() - 1]);
+  return oss.str();
+}
+
 void PrintMethod(const MethodDescriptor *method, Printer *out) {
   const Descriptor *input_type = method->input_type();
   const Descriptor *output_type = method->output_type();
   map<grpc::string, grpc::string> vars;
   vars["service_name"] = method->service()->full_name();
   vars["name"] = method->name();
-  vars["input_type_id"] = MessageIdentifierName(input_type->full_name());
-  vars["output_type_id"] = MessageIdentifierName(output_type->full_name());
+  vars["input_type_id"] =
+      MessageIdentifierName(input_type->full_name(), input_type->file());
+  vars["output_type_id"] =
+      MessageIdentifierName(output_type->full_name(), output_type->file());
 
   out->Print("/**\n");
   out->Print(GetPHPComments(method, " *").c_str());
@@ -149,12 +168,7 @@ grpc::string GenerateFile(const FileDescriptor *file,
     }
 
     map<grpc::string, grpc::string> vars;
-    grpc::string php_namespace;
-    if (file->options().has_php_namespace()) {
-      php_namespace = file->options().php_namespace();
-    } else {
-      php_namespace = MessageIdentifierName(file->package());
-    }
+    grpc::string php_namespace = PackageName(file);
     vars["package"] = php_namespace;
     out.Print(vars, "namespace $package$;\n\n");
 
diff --git a/src/compiler/python_generator.cc b/src/compiler/python_generator.cc
index 31b177c28e..ef2d90de9e 100644
--- a/src/compiler/python_generator.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/python_generator.cc
@@ -767,9 +767,9 @@ bool PythonGrpcGenerator::Generate(const FileDescriptor* file,
 
   ProtoBufFile pbfile(file);
   PrivateGenerator generator(config_, &pbfile);
-  if (parameter == "grpc_2_0") {
+  if (parameter == "" || parameter == "grpc_2_0") {
     return GenerateGrpc(context, generator, pb2_grpc_file_name, true);
-  } else if (parameter == "") {
+  } else if (parameter == "grpc_1_0") {
     return GenerateGrpc(context, generator, pb2_grpc_file_name, true) &&
            GenerateGrpc(context, generator, pb2_file_name, false);
   } else {
diff --git a/src/core/ext/census/base_resources.c b/src/core/ext/census/base_resources.c
index 2114bf04cd..1f2bb39fe0 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/census/base_resources.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/census/base_resources.c
@@ -37,20 +37,20 @@
 void define_base_resources() {
   google_census_Resource_BasicUnit numerator =
       google_census_Resource_BasicUnit_SECS;
-  resource r = {"client_rpc_latency",             // name
-                "Client RPC latency in seconds",  // description
-                0,                                // prefix
-                1,                                // n_numerators
-                &numerator,                       // numerators
-                0,                                // n_denominators
-                NULL};                            // denominators
+  resource r = {(char *)"client_rpc_latency",             // name
+                (char *)"Client RPC latency in seconds",  // description
+                0,                                        // prefix
+                1,                                        // n_numerators
+                &numerator,                               // numerators
+                0,                                        // n_denominators
+                NULL};                                    // denominators
   define_resource(&r);
-  r = (resource){"server_rpc_latency",             // name
-                 "Server RPC latency in seconds",  // description
-                 0,                                // prefix
-                 1,                                // n_numerators
-                 &numerator,                       // numerators
-                 0,                                // n_denominators
-                 NULL};                            // denominators
+  r = (resource){(char *)"server_rpc_latency",             // name
+                 (char *)"Server RPC latency in seconds",  // description
+                 0,                                        // prefix
+                 1,                                        // n_numerators
+                 &numerator,                               // numerators
+                 0,                                        // n_denominators
+                 NULL};                                    // denominators
   define_resource(&r);
 }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/channel_connectivity.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/channel_connectivity.c
index e5f6fa76ae..3844b98021 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/channel_connectivity.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/channel_connectivity.c
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static void delete_state_watcher(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, state_watcher *w) {
 
 static void finished_completion(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *pw,
                                 grpc_cq_completion *ignored) {
-  int delete = 0;
+  bool should_delete = false;
   state_watcher *w = (state_watcher *)pw;
   gpr_mu_lock(&w->mu);
   switch (w->phase) {
@@ -94,12 +94,12 @@ static void finished_completion(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *pw,
     case READY_TO_CALL_BACK:
       GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return );
     case CALLING_BACK_AND_FINISHED:
-      delete = 1;
+      should_delete = true;
       break;
   }
   gpr_mu_unlock(&w->mu);
 
-  if (delete) {
+  if (should_delete) {
     delete_state_watcher(exec_ctx, w);
   }
 }
@@ -161,12 +161,12 @@ static void partly_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, state_watcher *w,
 
 static void watch_complete(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *pw,
                            grpc_error *error) {
-  partly_done(exec_ctx, pw, true, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  partly_done(exec_ctx, (state_watcher *)pw, true, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
 }
 
 static void timeout_complete(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *pw,
                              grpc_error *error) {
-  partly_done(exec_ctx, pw, false, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  partly_done(exec_ctx, (state_watcher *)pw, false, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
 }
 
 int grpc_channel_num_external_connectivity_watchers(grpc_channel *channel) {
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel.c
index dad5c4fce5..016199b1f4 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel.c
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static void method_parameters_unref(method_parameters *method_params) {
 }
 
 static void method_parameters_free(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *value) {
-  method_parameters_unref(value);
+  method_parameters_unref((method_parameters *)value);
 }
 
 static bool parse_wait_for_ready(grpc_json *field,
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ static void on_resolver_result_changed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   }
   // Extract the following fields from the resolver result, if non-NULL.
   bool lb_policy_updated = false;
-  char *lb_policy_name = NULL;
+  char *lb_policy_name_dup = NULL;
   bool lb_policy_name_changed = false;
   grpc_lb_policy *new_lb_policy = NULL;
   char *service_config_json = NULL;
@@ -383,6 +383,7 @@ static void on_resolver_result_changed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_slice_hash_table *method_params_table = NULL;
   if (chand->resolver_result != NULL) {
     // Find LB policy name.
+    const char *lb_policy_name = NULL;
     const grpc_arg *channel_arg =
         grpc_channel_args_find(chand->resolver_result, GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME);
     if (channel_arg != NULL) {
@@ -473,7 +474,7 @@ static void on_resolver_result_changed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     // Before we clean up, save a copy of lb_policy_name, since it might
     // be pointing to data inside chand->resolver_result.
     // The copy will be saved in chand->lb_policy_name below.
-    lb_policy_name = gpr_strdup(lb_policy_name);
+    lb_policy_name_dup = gpr_strdup(lb_policy_name);
     grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, chand->resolver_result);
     chand->resolver_result = NULL;
   }
@@ -481,8 +482,8 @@ static void on_resolver_result_changed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
             "chand=%p: resolver result: lb_policy_name=\"%s\"%s, "
             "service_config=\"%s\"",
-            chand, lb_policy_name, lb_policy_name_changed ? " (changed)" : "",
-            service_config_json);
+            chand, lb_policy_name_dup,
+            lb_policy_name_changed ? " (changed)" : "", service_config_json);
   }
   // Now swap out fields in chand.  Note that the new values may still
   // be NULL if (e.g.) the resolver failed to return results or the
@@ -490,9 +491,9 @@ static void on_resolver_result_changed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   //
   // First, swap out the data used by cc_get_channel_info().
   gpr_mu_lock(&chand->info_mu);
-  if (lb_policy_name != NULL) {
+  if (lb_policy_name_dup != NULL) {
     gpr_free(chand->info_lb_policy_name);
-    chand->info_lb_policy_name = lb_policy_name;
+    chand->info_lb_policy_name = lb_policy_name_dup;
   }
   if (service_config_json != NULL) {
     gpr_free(chand->info_service_config_json);
@@ -717,7 +718,8 @@ static grpc_error *cc_init_channel_elem(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     return GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
         "client channel factory arg must be a pointer");
   }
-  grpc_client_channel_factory_ref(arg->value.pointer.p);
+  grpc_client_channel_factory_ref(
+      (grpc_client_channel_factory *)arg->value.pointer.p);
   chand->client_channel_factory =
       (grpc_client_channel_factory *)arg->value.pointer.p;
   // Get server name to resolve, using proxy mapper if needed.
@@ -1016,13 +1018,11 @@ static void create_subchannel_call_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
 }
 
-static void subchannel_ready_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                    grpc_call_element *elem,
-                                    grpc_error *error) {
+// Invoked when a pick is completed, on both success or failure.
+static void pick_done_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_call_element *elem,
+                             grpc_error *error) {
   call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
   channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
-  grpc_polling_entity_del_from_pollset_set(exec_ctx, calld->pollent,
-                                           chand->interested_parties);
   if (calld->connected_subchannel == NULL) {
     // Failed to create subchannel.
     GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(calld->error);
@@ -1044,12 +1044,116 @@ static void subchannel_ready_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
 }
 
-/** Return true if subchannel is available immediately (in which case
-    subchannel_ready_locked() should not be called), or false otherwise (in
-    which case subchannel_ready_locked() should be called when the subchannel
-    is available). */
-static bool pick_subchannel_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                   grpc_call_element *elem);
+// A wrapper around pick_done_locked() that is used in cases where
+// either (a) the pick was deferred pending a resolver result or (b) the
+// pick was done asynchronously.  Removes the call's polling entity from
+// chand->interested_parties before invoking pick_done_locked().
+static void async_pick_done_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                   grpc_call_element *elem, grpc_error *error) {
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  grpc_polling_entity_del_from_pollset_set(exec_ctx, calld->pollent,
+                                           chand->interested_parties);
+  pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem, error);
+}
+
+// Note: This runs under the client_channel combiner, but will NOT be
+// holding the call combiner.
+static void pick_callback_cancel_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
+                                        grpc_error *error) {
+  grpc_call_element *elem = (grpc_call_element *)arg;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  if (calld->lb_policy != NULL) {
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: cancelling pick from LB policy %p",
+              chand, calld, calld->lb_policy);
+    }
+    grpc_lb_policy_cancel_pick_locked(exec_ctx, calld->lb_policy,
+                                      &calld->connected_subchannel,
+                                      GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  }
+  GRPC_CALL_STACK_UNREF(exec_ctx, calld->owning_call, "pick_callback_cancel");
+}
+
+// Callback invoked by grpc_lb_policy_pick_locked() for async picks.
+// Unrefs the LB policy and invokes async_pick_done_locked().
+static void pick_callback_done_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
+                                      grpc_error *error) {
+  grpc_call_element *elem = (grpc_call_element *)arg;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: pick completed asynchronously",
+            chand, calld);
+  }
+  GPR_ASSERT(calld->lb_policy != NULL);
+  GRPC_LB_POLICY_UNREF(exec_ctx, calld->lb_policy, "pick_subchannel");
+  calld->lb_policy = NULL;
+  async_pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+}
+
+// Takes a ref to chand->lb_policy and calls grpc_lb_policy_pick_locked().
+// If the pick was completed synchronously, unrefs the LB policy and
+// returns true.
+static bool pick_callback_start_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                       grpc_call_element *elem) {
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: starting pick on lb_policy=%p",
+            chand, calld, chand->lb_policy);
+  }
+  apply_service_config_to_call_locked(exec_ctx, elem);
+  // If the application explicitly set wait_for_ready, use that.
+  // Otherwise, if the service config specified a value for this
+  // method, use that.
+  uint32_t initial_metadata_flags =
+      calld->initial_metadata_batch->payload->send_initial_metadata
+          .send_initial_metadata_flags;
+  const bool wait_for_ready_set_from_api =
+      initial_metadata_flags &
+      GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY_EXPLICITLY_SET;
+  const bool wait_for_ready_set_from_service_config =
+      calld->method_params != NULL &&
+      calld->method_params->wait_for_ready != WAIT_FOR_READY_UNSET;
+  if (!wait_for_ready_set_from_api && wait_for_ready_set_from_service_config) {
+    if (calld->method_params->wait_for_ready == WAIT_FOR_READY_TRUE) {
+      initial_metadata_flags |= GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY;
+    } else {
+      initial_metadata_flags &= ~GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY;
+    }
+  }
+  const grpc_lb_policy_pick_args inputs = {
+      calld->initial_metadata_batch->payload->send_initial_metadata
+          .send_initial_metadata,
+      initial_metadata_flags, &calld->lb_token_mdelem};
+  // Keep a ref to the LB policy in calld while the pick is pending.
+  GRPC_LB_POLICY_REF(chand->lb_policy, "pick_subchannel");
+  calld->lb_policy = chand->lb_policy;
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&calld->lb_pick_closure, pick_callback_done_locked, elem,
+                    grpc_combiner_scheduler(chand->combiner));
+  const bool pick_done = grpc_lb_policy_pick_locked(
+      exec_ctx, chand->lb_policy, &inputs, &calld->connected_subchannel,
+      calld->subchannel_call_context, NULL, &calld->lb_pick_closure);
+  if (pick_done) {
+    /* synchronous grpc_lb_policy_pick call. Unref the LB policy. */
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: pick completed synchronously",
+              chand, calld);
+    }
+    GRPC_LB_POLICY_UNREF(exec_ctx, calld->lb_policy, "pick_subchannel");
+    calld->lb_policy = NULL;
+  } else {
+    GRPC_CALL_STACK_REF(calld->owning_call, "pick_callback_cancel");
+    grpc_call_combiner_set_notify_on_cancel(
+        exec_ctx, calld->call_combiner,
+        GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&calld->lb_pick_cancel_closure,
+                          pick_callback_cancel_locked, elem,
+                          grpc_combiner_scheduler(chand->combiner)));
+  }
+  return pick_done;
+}
 
 typedef struct {
   grpc_call_element *elem;
@@ -1069,17 +1173,17 @@ static void pick_after_resolver_result_cancel_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     gpr_free(args);
     return;
   }
-  args->finished = true;
-  grpc_call_element *elem = args->elem;
-  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
-  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
   // If we don't yet have a resolver result, then a closure for
   // pick_after_resolver_result_done_locked() will have been added to
   // chand->waiting_for_resolver_result_closures, and it may not be invoked
   // until after this call has been destroyed.  We mark the operation as
   // finished, so that when pick_after_resolver_result_done_locked()
   // is called, it will be a no-op.  We also immediately invoke
-  // subchannel_ready_locked() to propagate the error back to the caller.
+  // async_pick_done_locked() to propagate the error back to the caller.
+  args->finished = true;
+  grpc_call_element *elem = args->elem;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
             "chand=%p calld=%p: cancelling pick waiting for resolver result",
@@ -1087,12 +1191,12 @@ static void pick_after_resolver_result_cancel_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   }
   // Note: Although we are not in the call combiner here, we are
   // basically stealing the call combiner from the pending pick, so
-  // it's safe to call subchannel_ready_locked() here -- we are
+  // it's safe to call async_pick_done_locked() here -- we are
   // essentially calling it here instead of calling it in
   // pick_after_resolver_result_done_locked().
-  subchannel_ready_locked(exec_ctx, elem,
-                          GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_REFERENCING_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
-                              "Pick cancelled", &error, 1));
+  async_pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem,
+                         GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_REFERENCING_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+                             "Pick cancelled", &error, 1));
 }
 
 static void pick_after_resolver_result_done_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -1117,14 +1221,19 @@ static void pick_after_resolver_result_done_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: resolver failed to return data",
               chand, calld);
     }
-    subchannel_ready_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+    async_pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
   } else {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: resolver returned, doing pick",
               chand, calld);
     }
-    if (pick_subchannel_locked(exec_ctx, elem)) {
-      subchannel_ready_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+    if (pick_callback_start_locked(exec_ctx, elem)) {
+      // Even if the LB policy returns a result synchronously, we have
+      // already added our polling entity to chand->interested_parties
+      // in order to wait for the resolver result, so we need to
+      // remove it here.  Therefore, we call async_pick_done_locked()
+      // instead of pick_done_locked().
+      async_pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -1152,154 +1261,38 @@ static void pick_after_resolver_result_start_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                         grpc_combiner_scheduler(chand->combiner)));
 }
 
-// Note: This runs under the client_channel combiner, but will NOT be
-// holding the call combiner.
-static void pick_callback_cancel_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
-                                        grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_call_element *elem = (grpc_call_element *)arg;
-  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
-  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
-  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE && calld->lb_policy != NULL) {
-    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
-      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: cancelling pick from LB policy %p",
-              chand, calld, calld->lb_policy);
-    }
-    grpc_lb_policy_cancel_pick_locked(exec_ctx, calld->lb_policy,
-                                      &calld->connected_subchannel,
-                                      GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
-  }
-  GRPC_CALL_STACK_UNREF(exec_ctx, calld->owning_call, "pick_callback_cancel");
-}
-
-// Callback invoked by grpc_lb_policy_pick_locked() for async picks.
-// Unrefs the LB policy and invokes subchannel_ready_locked().
-static void pick_callback_done_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
-                                      grpc_error *error) {
+static void start_pick_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
+                              grpc_error *ignored) {
   grpc_call_element *elem = (grpc_call_element *)arg;
-  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
-  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
-    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: pick completed asynchronously",
-            chand, calld);
-  }
-  GPR_ASSERT(calld->lb_policy != NULL);
-  GRPC_LB_POLICY_UNREF(exec_ctx, calld->lb_policy, "pick_subchannel");
-  calld->lb_policy = NULL;
-  subchannel_ready_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
-}
-
-// Takes a ref to chand->lb_policy and calls grpc_lb_policy_pick_locked().
-// If the pick was completed synchronously, unrefs the LB policy and
-// returns true.
-static bool pick_callback_start_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                       grpc_call_element *elem,
-                                       const grpc_lb_policy_pick_args *inputs) {
   channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
-  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
-  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
-    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: starting pick on lb_policy=%p",
-            chand, calld, chand->lb_policy);
-  }
-  // Keep a ref to the LB policy in calld while the pick is pending.
-  GRPC_LB_POLICY_REF(chand->lb_policy, "pick_subchannel");
-  calld->lb_policy = chand->lb_policy;
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&calld->lb_pick_closure, pick_callback_done_locked, elem,
-                    grpc_combiner_scheduler(chand->combiner));
-  const bool pick_done = grpc_lb_policy_pick_locked(
-      exec_ctx, chand->lb_policy, inputs, &calld->connected_subchannel,
-      calld->subchannel_call_context, NULL, &calld->lb_pick_closure);
-  if (pick_done) {
-    /* synchronous grpc_lb_policy_pick call. Unref the LB policy. */
-    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
-      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: pick completed synchronously",
-              chand, calld);
+  GPR_ASSERT(calld->connected_subchannel == NULL);
+  if (chand->lb_policy != NULL) {
+    // We already have an LB policy, so ask it for a pick.
+    if (pick_callback_start_locked(exec_ctx, elem)) {
+      // Pick completed synchronously.
+      pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+      return;
     }
-    GRPC_LB_POLICY_UNREF(exec_ctx, calld->lb_policy, "pick_subchannel");
-    calld->lb_policy = NULL;
   } else {
-    GRPC_CALL_STACK_REF(calld->owning_call, "pick_callback_cancel");
-    grpc_call_combiner_set_notify_on_cancel(
-        exec_ctx, calld->call_combiner,
-        GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&calld->lb_pick_cancel_closure,
-                          pick_callback_cancel_locked, elem,
-                          grpc_combiner_scheduler(chand->combiner)));
-  }
-  return pick_done;
-}
-
-static bool pick_subchannel_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                   grpc_call_element *elem) {
-  GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("pick_subchannel", 0);
-  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
-  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
-  bool pick_done = false;
-  if (chand->lb_policy != NULL) {
-    apply_service_config_to_call_locked(exec_ctx, elem);
-    // If the application explicitly set wait_for_ready, use that.
-    // Otherwise, if the service config specified a value for this
-    // method, use that.
-    uint32_t initial_metadata_flags =
-        calld->initial_metadata_batch->payload->send_initial_metadata
-            .send_initial_metadata_flags;
-    const bool wait_for_ready_set_from_api =
-        initial_metadata_flags &
-        GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY_EXPLICITLY_SET;
-    const bool wait_for_ready_set_from_service_config =
-        calld->method_params != NULL &&
-        calld->method_params->wait_for_ready != WAIT_FOR_READY_UNSET;
-    if (!wait_for_ready_set_from_api &&
-        wait_for_ready_set_from_service_config) {
-      if (calld->method_params->wait_for_ready == WAIT_FOR_READY_TRUE) {
-        initial_metadata_flags |= GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY;
-      } else {
-        initial_metadata_flags &= ~GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY;
-      }
+    // We do not yet have an LB policy, so wait for a resolver result.
+    if (chand->resolver == NULL) {
+      pick_done_locked(exec_ctx, elem,
+                       GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Disconnected"));
+      return;
     }
-    const grpc_lb_policy_pick_args inputs = {
-        calld->initial_metadata_batch->payload->send_initial_metadata
-            .send_initial_metadata,
-        initial_metadata_flags, &calld->lb_token_mdelem};
-    pick_done = pick_callback_start_locked(exec_ctx, elem, &inputs);
-  } else if (chand->resolver != NULL) {
     if (!chand->started_resolving) {
       start_resolving_locked(exec_ctx, chand);
     }
     pick_after_resolver_result_start_locked(exec_ctx, elem);
-  } else {
-    subchannel_ready_locked(
-        exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Disconnected"));
-  }
-  GPR_TIMER_END("pick_subchannel", 0);
-  return pick_done;
-}
-
-static void start_pick_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
-                              grpc_error *error_ignored) {
-  GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("start_pick_locked", 0);
-  grpc_call_element *elem = (grpc_call_element *)arg;
-  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
-  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
-  GPR_ASSERT(calld->connected_subchannel == NULL);
-  if (pick_subchannel_locked(exec_ctx, elem)) {
-    // Pick was returned synchronously.
-    if (calld->connected_subchannel == NULL) {
-      GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(calld->error);
-      calld->error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
-          "Call dropped by load balancing policy");
-      waiting_for_pick_batches_fail(exec_ctx, elem,
-                                    GRPC_ERROR_REF(calld->error));
-    } else {
-      // Create subchannel call.
-      create_subchannel_call_locked(exec_ctx, elem, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
-    }
-  } else {
-    // Pick will be done asynchronously.  Add the call's polling entity to
-    // the channel's interested_parties, so that I/O for the resolver
-    // and LB policy can be done under it.
-    grpc_polling_entity_add_to_pollset_set(exec_ctx, calld->pollent,
-                                           chand->interested_parties);
   }
-  GPR_TIMER_END("start_pick_locked", 0);
+  // We need to wait for either a resolver result or for an async result
+  // from the LB policy.  Add the polling entity from call_data to the
+  // channel_data's interested_parties, so that the I/O of the LB policy
+  // and resolver can be done under it.  The polling entity will be
+  // removed in async_pick_done_locked().
+  grpc_polling_entity_add_to_pollset_set(exec_ctx, calld->pollent,
+                                         chand->interested_parties);
 }
 
 static void on_complete(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
@@ -1394,7 +1387,8 @@ static void cc_start_transport_stream_op_batch(
   // combiner to start a pick.
   if (batch->send_initial_metadata) {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_client_channel_trace)) {
-      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: entering combiner", chand, calld);
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "chand=%p calld=%p: entering client_channel combiner",
+              chand, calld);
     }
     GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(
         exec_ctx,
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_factory.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_factory.c
index 7220a8639e..57eac8f875 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_factory.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_factory.c
@@ -43,14 +43,13 @@ grpc_channel* grpc_client_channel_factory_create_channel(
 }
 
 static void* factory_arg_copy(void* factory) {
-  grpc_client_channel_factory_ref(factory);
+  grpc_client_channel_factory_ref((grpc_client_channel_factory*)factory);
   return factory;
 }
 
 static void factory_arg_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, void* factory) {
-  // TODO(roth): Remove local exec_ctx when
-  // https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/8705 is merged.
-  grpc_client_channel_factory_unref(exec_ctx, factory);
+  grpc_client_channel_factory_unref(exec_ctx,
+                                    (grpc_client_channel_factory*)factory);
 }
 
 static int factory_arg_cmp(void* factory1, void* factory2) {
@@ -64,6 +63,6 @@ static const grpc_arg_pointer_vtable factory_arg_vtable = {
 
 grpc_arg grpc_client_channel_factory_create_channel_arg(
     grpc_client_channel_factory* factory) {
-  return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create(GRPC_ARG_CLIENT_CHANNEL_FACTORY,
+  return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create((char*)GRPC_ARG_CLIENT_CHANNEL_FACTORY,
                                          factory, &factory_arg_vtable);
 }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_plugin.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_plugin.c
index c32e83d012..1f71c5a7f9 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_plugin.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel_plugin.c
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ static bool set_default_host_if_unset(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   char *default_authority = grpc_get_default_authority(
       exec_ctx, grpc_channel_stack_builder_get_target(builder));
   if (default_authority != NULL) {
-    grpc_arg arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY,
-                                                  default_authority);
+    grpc_arg arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
+        (char *)GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY, default_authority);
     grpc_channel_args *new_args = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(args, &arg, 1);
     grpc_channel_stack_builder_set_channel_arguments(exec_ctx, builder,
                                                      new_args);
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_connect_handshaker.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_connect_handshaker.c
index d4c3bc0ad3..418bb41ef6 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_connect_handshaker.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_connect_handshaker.c
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static void http_connect_handshaker_do_handshake(
   grpc_httpcli_request request;
   memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
   request.host = server_name;
-  request.http.method = "CONNECT";
+  request.http.method = (char*)"CONNECT";
   request.http.path = server_name;
   request.http.hdrs = headers;
   request.http.hdr_count = num_headers;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_proxy.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_proxy.c
index ef3512ed83..c507a2750e 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_proxy.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/http_proxy.c
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ static char* get_http_proxy_server(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, char** user_cred) {
   GPR_ASSERT(user_cred != NULL);
   char* proxy_name = NULL;
   char* uri_str = gpr_getenv("http_proxy");
+  char** authority_strs = NULL;
+  size_t authority_nstrs;
   if (uri_str == NULL) return NULL;
   grpc_uri* uri =
       grpc_uri_parse(exec_ctx, uri_str, false /* suppress_errors */);
@@ -56,8 +58,6 @@ static char* get_http_proxy_server(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, char** user_cred) {
     goto done;
   }
   /* Split on '@' to separate user credentials from host */
-  char** authority_strs = NULL;
-  size_t authority_nstrs;
   gpr_string_split(uri->authority, "@", &authority_strs, &authority_nstrs);
   GPR_ASSERT(authority_nstrs != 0); /* should have at least 1 string */
   if (authority_nstrs == 1) {
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ static bool proxy_mapper_map_name(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx,
   }
   grpc_arg args_to_add[2];
   args_to_add[0] = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-      GRPC_ARG_HTTP_CONNECT_SERVER,
+      (char*)GRPC_ARG_HTTP_CONNECT_SERVER,
       uri->path[0] == '/' ? uri->path + 1 : uri->path);
   if (user_cred != NULL) {
     /* Use base64 encoding for user credentials as stated in RFC 7617 */
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ static bool proxy_mapper_map_name(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx,
     char* header;
     gpr_asprintf(&header, "Proxy-Authorization:Basic %s", encoded_user_cred);
     gpr_free(encoded_user_cred);
-    args_to_add[1] =
-        grpc_channel_arg_string_create(GRPC_ARG_HTTP_CONNECT_HEADERS, header);
+    args_to_add[1] = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
+        (char*)GRPC_ARG_HTTP_CONNECT_HEADERS, header);
     *new_args = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(args, args_to_add, 2);
     gpr_free(header);
   } else {
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/client_load_reporting_filter.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/client_load_reporting_filter.c
index bd290464c8..7ad322902b 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/client_load_reporting_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/client_load_reporting_filter.c
@@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ static grpc_error *init_call_elem(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GPR_ASSERT(args->context != NULL);
   GPR_ASSERT(args->context[GRPC_GRPCLB_CLIENT_STATS].value != NULL);
   calld->client_stats = grpc_grpclb_client_stats_ref(
-      args->context[GRPC_GRPCLB_CLIENT_STATS].value);
+      (grpc_grpclb_client_stats *)args->context[GRPC_GRPCLB_CLIENT_STATS]
+          .value);
   // Record call started.
   grpc_grpclb_client_stats_add_call_started(calld->client_stats);
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.c
index 5aafed1374..85ef7894ea 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.c
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_registry.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/parse_address.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/combiner.h"
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ static grpc_error *initial_metadata_add_lb_token(
 }
 
 static void destroy_client_stats(void *arg) {
-  grpc_grpclb_client_stats_unref(arg);
+  grpc_grpclb_client_stats_unref((grpc_grpclb_client_stats *)arg);
 }
 
 typedef struct wrapped_rr_closure_arg {
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ static void add_pending_ping(pending_ping **root, grpc_closure *notify) {
  * glb_lb_policy
  */
 typedef struct rr_connectivity_data rr_connectivity_data;
-static const grpc_lb_policy_vtable glb_lb_policy_vtable;
+
 typedef struct glb_lb_policy {
   /** base policy: must be first */
   grpc_lb_policy base;
@@ -727,7 +728,7 @@ static void create_rr_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, glb_lb_policy *glb_policy,
   /* Allocate the data for the tracking of the new RR policy's connectivity.
    * It'll be deallocated in glb_rr_connectivity_changed() */
   rr_connectivity_data *rr_connectivity =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(rr_connectivity_data));
+      (rr_connectivity_data *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(rr_connectivity_data));
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&rr_connectivity->on_change,
                     glb_rr_connectivity_changed_locked, rr_connectivity,
                     grpc_combiner_scheduler(glb_policy->base.combiner));
@@ -869,7 +870,8 @@ static grpc_channel_args *build_lb_channel_args(
   grpc_lb_addresses *lb_addresses =
       grpc_lb_addresses_create(num_grpclb_addrs, NULL);
   grpc_slice_hash_table_entry *targets_info_entries =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*targets_info_entries) * num_grpclb_addrs);
+      (grpc_slice_hash_table_entry *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*targets_info_entries) *
+                                                num_grpclb_addrs);
 
   size_t lb_addresses_idx = 0;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < addresses->num_addresses; ++i) {
@@ -911,92 +913,6 @@ static grpc_channel_args *build_lb_channel_args(
   return result;
 }
 
-static void glb_lb_channel_on_connectivity_changed_cb(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                                      void *arg,
-                                                      grpc_error *error);
-static grpc_lb_policy *glb_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                  grpc_lb_policy_factory *factory,
-                                  grpc_lb_policy_args *args) {
-  /* Count the number of gRPC-LB addresses. There must be at least one.
-   * TODO(roth): For now, we ignore non-balancer addresses, but in the
-   * future, we may change the behavior such that we fall back to using
-   * the non-balancer addresses if we cannot reach any balancers. In the
-   * fallback case, we should use the LB policy indicated by
-   * GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME (although if that specifies grpclb or is
-   * unset, we should default to pick_first). */
-  const grpc_arg *arg =
-      grpc_channel_args_find(args->args, GRPC_ARG_LB_ADDRESSES);
-  if (arg == NULL || arg->type != GRPC_ARG_POINTER) {
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  grpc_lb_addresses *addresses = (grpc_lb_addresses *)arg->value.pointer.p;
-  size_t num_grpclb_addrs = 0;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < addresses->num_addresses; ++i) {
-    if (addresses->addresses[i].is_balancer) ++num_grpclb_addrs;
-  }
-  if (num_grpclb_addrs == 0) return NULL;
-
-  glb_lb_policy *glb_policy = (glb_lb_policy *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*glb_policy));
-
-  /* Get server name. */
-  arg = grpc_channel_args_find(args->args, GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI);
-  GPR_ASSERT(arg != NULL);
-  GPR_ASSERT(arg->type == GRPC_ARG_STRING);
-  grpc_uri *uri = grpc_uri_parse(exec_ctx, arg->value.string, true);
-  GPR_ASSERT(uri->path[0] != '\0');
-  glb_policy->server_name =
-      gpr_strdup(uri->path[0] == '/' ? uri->path + 1 : uri->path);
-  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
-    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Will use '%s' as the server name for LB request.",
-            glb_policy->server_name);
-  }
-  grpc_uri_destroy(uri);
-
-  glb_policy->cc_factory = args->client_channel_factory;
-  GPR_ASSERT(glb_policy->cc_factory != NULL);
-
-  arg = grpc_channel_args_find(args->args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS);
-  glb_policy->lb_call_timeout_ms =
-      grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(arg, (grpc_integer_options){0, 0, INT_MAX});
-
-  // Make sure that GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME is set in channel args,
-  // since we use this to trigger the client_load_reporting filter.
-  grpc_arg new_arg =
-      grpc_channel_arg_string_create(GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME, "grpclb");
-  static const char *args_to_remove[] = {GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME};
-  glb_policy->args = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
-      args->args, args_to_remove, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(args_to_remove), &new_arg, 1);
-
-  /* Create a client channel over them to communicate with a LB service */
-  glb_policy->response_generator =
-      grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_create();
-  grpc_channel_args *lb_channel_args = build_lb_channel_args(
-      exec_ctx, addresses, glb_policy->response_generator, args->args);
-  char *uri_str;
-  gpr_asprintf(&uri_str, "fake:///%s", glb_policy->server_name);
-  glb_policy->lb_channel = grpc_lb_policy_grpclb_create_lb_channel(
-      exec_ctx, uri_str, args->client_channel_factory, lb_channel_args);
-
-  /* Propagate initial resolution */
-  grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_set_response(
-      exec_ctx, glb_policy->response_generator, lb_channel_args);
-  grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, lb_channel_args);
-  gpr_free(uri_str);
-  if (glb_policy->lb_channel == NULL) {
-    gpr_free((void *)glb_policy->server_name);
-    grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, glb_policy->args);
-    gpr_free(glb_policy);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&glb_policy->lb_channel_on_connectivity_changed,
-                    glb_lb_channel_on_connectivity_changed_cb, glb_policy,
-                    grpc_combiner_scheduler(args->combiner));
-  grpc_lb_policy_init(&glb_policy->base, &glb_lb_policy_vtable, args->combiner);
-  grpc_connectivity_state_init(&glb_policy->state_tracker, GRPC_CHANNEL_IDLE,
-                               "grpclb");
-  return &glb_policy->base;
-}
-
 static void glb_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_lb_policy *pol) {
   glb_lb_policy *glb_policy = (glb_lb_policy *)pol;
   GPR_ASSERT(glb_policy->pending_picks == NULL);
@@ -1011,6 +927,7 @@ static void glb_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_lb_policy *pol) {
     grpc_grpclb_destroy_serverlist(glb_policy->serverlist);
   }
   grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_unref(glb_policy->response_generator);
+  grpc_subchannel_index_unref();
   if (glb_policy->pending_update_args != NULL) {
     grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, glb_policy->pending_update_args->args);
     gpr_free(glb_policy->pending_update_args);
@@ -1303,7 +1220,8 @@ static void do_send_client_load_report_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static bool load_report_counters_are_zero(grpc_grpclb_request *request) {
   grpc_grpclb_dropped_call_counts *drop_entries =
-      request->client_stats.calls_finished_with_drop.arg;
+      (grpc_grpclb_dropped_call_counts *)
+          request->client_stats.calls_finished_with_drop.arg;
   return request->client_stats.num_calls_started == 0 &&
          request->client_stats.num_calls_finished == 0 &&
          request->client_stats.num_calls_finished_with_client_failed_to_send ==
@@ -1642,6 +1560,9 @@ static void lb_on_response_received_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
           exec_ctx, glb_policy->lb_call, ops, (size_t)(op - ops),
           &glb_policy->lb_on_response_received); /* loop */
       GPR_ASSERT(GRPC_CALL_OK == call_error);
+    } else {
+      GRPC_LB_POLICY_WEAK_UNREF(exec_ctx, &glb_policy->base,
+                                "lb_on_response_received_locked_shutdown");
     }
   } else { /* empty payload: call cancelled. */
            /* dispose of the "lb_on_response_received_locked" weak ref taken in
@@ -1865,6 +1786,90 @@ static const grpc_lb_policy_vtable glb_lb_policy_vtable = {
     glb_notify_on_state_change_locked,
     glb_update_locked};
 
+static grpc_lb_policy *glb_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                  grpc_lb_policy_factory *factory,
+                                  grpc_lb_policy_args *args) {
+  /* Count the number of gRPC-LB addresses. There must be at least one.
+   * TODO(roth): For now, we ignore non-balancer addresses, but in the
+   * future, we may change the behavior such that we fall back to using
+   * the non-balancer addresses if we cannot reach any balancers. In the
+   * fallback case, we should use the LB policy indicated by
+   * GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME (although if that specifies grpclb or is
+   * unset, we should default to pick_first). */
+  const grpc_arg *arg =
+      grpc_channel_args_find(args->args, GRPC_ARG_LB_ADDRESSES);
+  if (arg == NULL || arg->type != GRPC_ARG_POINTER) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  grpc_lb_addresses *addresses = (grpc_lb_addresses *)arg->value.pointer.p;
+  size_t num_grpclb_addrs = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < addresses->num_addresses; ++i) {
+    if (addresses->addresses[i].is_balancer) ++num_grpclb_addrs;
+  }
+  if (num_grpclb_addrs == 0) return NULL;
+
+  glb_lb_policy *glb_policy = (glb_lb_policy *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*glb_policy));
+
+  /* Get server name. */
+  arg = grpc_channel_args_find(args->args, GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI);
+  GPR_ASSERT(arg != NULL);
+  GPR_ASSERT(arg->type == GRPC_ARG_STRING);
+  grpc_uri *uri = grpc_uri_parse(exec_ctx, arg->value.string, true);
+  GPR_ASSERT(uri->path[0] != '\0');
+  glb_policy->server_name =
+      gpr_strdup(uri->path[0] == '/' ? uri->path + 1 : uri->path);
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Will use '%s' as the server name for LB request.",
+            glb_policy->server_name);
+  }
+  grpc_uri_destroy(uri);
+
+  glb_policy->cc_factory = args->client_channel_factory;
+  GPR_ASSERT(glb_policy->cc_factory != NULL);
+
+  arg = grpc_channel_args_find(args->args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS);
+  glb_policy->lb_call_timeout_ms =
+      grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(arg, (grpc_integer_options){0, 0, INT_MAX});
+
+  // Make sure that GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME is set in channel args,
+  // since we use this to trigger the client_load_reporting filter.
+  grpc_arg new_arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
+      (char *)GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME, (char *)"grpclb");
+  static const char *args_to_remove[] = {GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME};
+  glb_policy->args = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
+      args->args, args_to_remove, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(args_to_remove), &new_arg, 1);
+
+  /* Create a client channel over them to communicate with a LB service */
+  glb_policy->response_generator =
+      grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_create();
+  grpc_channel_args *lb_channel_args = build_lb_channel_args(
+      exec_ctx, addresses, glb_policy->response_generator, args->args);
+  char *uri_str;
+  gpr_asprintf(&uri_str, "fake:///%s", glb_policy->server_name);
+  glb_policy->lb_channel = grpc_lb_policy_grpclb_create_lb_channel(
+      exec_ctx, uri_str, args->client_channel_factory, lb_channel_args);
+
+  /* Propagate initial resolution */
+  grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_set_response(
+      exec_ctx, glb_policy->response_generator, lb_channel_args);
+  grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, lb_channel_args);
+  gpr_free(uri_str);
+  if (glb_policy->lb_channel == NULL) {
+    gpr_free((void *)glb_policy->server_name);
+    grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, glb_policy->args);
+    gpr_free(glb_policy);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  grpc_subchannel_index_ref();
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&glb_policy->lb_channel_on_connectivity_changed,
+                    glb_lb_channel_on_connectivity_changed_cb, glb_policy,
+                    grpc_combiner_scheduler(args->combiner));
+  grpc_lb_policy_init(&glb_policy->base, &glb_lb_policy_vtable, args->combiner);
+  grpc_connectivity_state_init(&glb_policy->state_tracker, GRPC_CHANNEL_IDLE,
+                               "grpclb");
+  return &glb_policy->base;
+}
+
 static void glb_factory_ref(grpc_lb_policy_factory *factory) {}
 
 static void glb_factory_unref(grpc_lb_policy_factory *factory) {}
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/load_balancer_api.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/load_balancer_api.c
index 407bd18adb..8ef6dfc6f4 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/load_balancer_api.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/load_balancer_api.c
@@ -148,7 +148,8 @@ grpc_slice grpc_grpclb_request_encode(const grpc_grpclb_request *request) {
 void grpc_grpclb_request_destroy(grpc_grpclb_request *request) {
   if (request->has_client_stats) {
     grpc_grpclb_dropped_call_counts *drop_entries =
-        request->client_stats.calls_finished_with_drop.arg;
+        (grpc_grpclb_dropped_call_counts *)
+            request->client_stats.calls_finished_with_drop.arg;
     grpc_grpclb_dropped_call_counts_destroy(drop_entries);
   }
   gpr_free(request);
@@ -170,7 +171,8 @@ grpc_grpclb_initial_response *grpc_grpclb_initial_response_parse(
   if (!res.has_initial_response) return NULL;
 
   grpc_grpclb_initial_response *initial_res =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_grpclb_initial_response));
+      (grpc_grpclb_initial_response *)gpr_malloc(
+          sizeof(grpc_grpclb_initial_response));
   memcpy(initial_res, &res.initial_response,
          sizeof(grpc_grpclb_initial_response));
 
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/pick_first/pick_first.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/pick_first/pick_first.c
index fab3073eb9..d20cbb8388 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/pick_first/pick_first.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/pick_first/pick_first.c
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ static void pf_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_lb_policy *pol) {
                                     "picked_first_destroy");
   }
   grpc_connectivity_state_destroy(exec_ctx, &p->state_tracker);
+  grpc_subchannel_index_unref();
   if (p->pending_update_args != NULL) {
     grpc_channel_args_destroy(exec_ctx, p->pending_update_args->args);
     gpr_free(p->pending_update_args);
@@ -330,8 +331,8 @@ static void pf_update_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_lb_policy *policy,
     gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Pick First %p received update with %lu addresses",
             (void *)p, (unsigned long)addresses->num_addresses);
   }
-  grpc_subchannel_args *sc_args =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*sc_args) * addresses->num_addresses);
+  grpc_subchannel_args *sc_args = (grpc_subchannel_args *)gpr_zalloc(
+      sizeof(*sc_args) * addresses->num_addresses);
   /* We remove the following keys in order for subchannel keys belonging to
    * subchannels point to the same address to match. */
   static const char *keys_to_remove[] = {GRPC_ARG_SUBCHANNEL_ADDRESS,
@@ -403,7 +404,7 @@ static void pf_update_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_lb_policy *policy,
   }
   /* Create the subchannels for the new subchannel args/addresses. */
   grpc_subchannel **new_subchannels =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*new_subchannels) * sc_args_count);
+      (grpc_subchannel **)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*new_subchannels) * sc_args_count);
   size_t num_new_subchannels = 0;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < sc_args_count; i++) {
     grpc_subchannel *subchannel = grpc_client_channel_factory_create_subchannel(
@@ -686,6 +687,7 @@ static grpc_lb_policy *create_pick_first(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   }
   pf_update_locked(exec_ctx, &p->base, args);
   grpc_lb_policy_init(&p->base, &pick_first_lb_policy_vtable, args->combiner);
+  grpc_subchannel_index_ref();
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&p->connectivity_changed, pf_connectivity_changed_locked, p,
                     grpc_combiner_scheduler(args->combiner));
   return &p->base;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/round_robin/round_robin.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/round_robin/round_robin.c
index be91d3d651..a3a62e9f3c 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/round_robin/round_robin.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/round_robin/round_robin.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_registry.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/debug/trace.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/combiner.h"
@@ -310,6 +311,7 @@ static void rr_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_lb_policy *pol) {
             (void *)pol, (void *)pol);
   }
   grpc_connectivity_state_destroy(exec_ctx, &p->state_tracker);
+  grpc_subchannel_index_unref();
   gpr_free(p);
 }
 
@@ -587,7 +589,7 @@ static void rr_connectivity_changed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   // Dispose of outdated subchannel lists.
   if (sd->subchannel_list != p->subchannel_list &&
       sd->subchannel_list != p->latest_pending_subchannel_list) {
-    char *reason = NULL;
+    const char *reason = NULL;
     if (sd->subchannel_list->shutting_down) {
       reason = "sl_outdated_straggler";
       rr_subchannel_list_unref(exec_ctx, sd->subchannel_list, reason);
@@ -890,6 +892,7 @@ static grpc_lb_policy *round_robin_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GPR_ASSERT(args->client_channel_factory != NULL);
   round_robin_lb_policy *p = (round_robin_lb_policy *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*p));
   grpc_lb_policy_init(&p->base, &round_robin_lb_policy_vtable, args->combiner);
+  grpc_subchannel_index_ref();
   grpc_connectivity_state_init(&p->state_tracker, GRPC_CHANNEL_IDLE,
                                "round_robin");
   rr_update_locked(exec_ctx, &p->base, args);
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_factory.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_factory.c
index cdcaf17544..4d1405454c 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_factory.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_factory.c
@@ -126,13 +126,14 @@ void grpc_lb_addresses_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx,
 }
 
 static void* lb_addresses_copy(void* addresses) {
-  return grpc_lb_addresses_copy(addresses);
+  return grpc_lb_addresses_copy((grpc_lb_addresses*)addresses);
 }
 static void lb_addresses_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, void* addresses) {
-  grpc_lb_addresses_destroy(exec_ctx, addresses);
+  grpc_lb_addresses_destroy(exec_ctx, (grpc_lb_addresses*)addresses);
 }
 static int lb_addresses_cmp(void* addresses1, void* addresses2) {
-  return grpc_lb_addresses_cmp(addresses1, addresses2);
+  return grpc_lb_addresses_cmp((grpc_lb_addresses*)addresses1,
+                               (grpc_lb_addresses*)addresses2);
 }
 static const grpc_arg_pointer_vtable lb_addresses_arg_vtable = {
     lb_addresses_copy, lb_addresses_destroy, lb_addresses_cmp};
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ static const grpc_arg_pointer_vtable lb_addresses_arg_vtable = {
 grpc_arg grpc_lb_addresses_create_channel_arg(
     const grpc_lb_addresses* addresses) {
   return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create(
-      GRPC_ARG_LB_ADDRESSES, (void*)addresses, &lb_addresses_arg_vtable);
+      (char*)GRPC_ARG_LB_ADDRESSES, (void*)addresses, &lb_addresses_arg_vtable);
 }
 
 grpc_lb_addresses* grpc_lb_addresses_find_channel_arg(
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ grpc_lb_addresses* grpc_lb_addresses_find_channel_arg(
       grpc_channel_args_find(channel_args, GRPC_ARG_LB_ADDRESSES);
   if (lb_addresses_arg == NULL || lb_addresses_arg->type != GRPC_ARG_POINTER)
     return NULL;
-  return lb_addresses_arg->value.pointer.p;
+  return (grpc_lb_addresses*)lb_addresses_arg->value.pointer.p;
 }
 
 void grpc_lb_policy_factory_ref(grpc_lb_policy_factory* factory) {
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/dns_resolver_ares.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/dns_resolver_ares.c
index b87a3b7082..9bb229ad95 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/dns_resolver_ares.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/dns_resolver_ares.c
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ static char *choose_service_config(char *service_config_choice_json) {
         int random_pct = rand() % 100;
         int percentage;
         if (sscanf(field->value, "%d", &percentage) != 1 ||
-            random_pct > percentage) {
+            random_pct > percentage || percentage == 0) {
           service_config_json = NULL;
           break;
         }
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ static void dns_ares_on_resolved_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                 service_config_string);
         args_to_remove[num_args_to_remove++] = GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG;
         new_args[num_args_to_add++] = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-            GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG, service_config_string);
+            (char *)GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG, service_config_string);
         service_config = grpc_service_config_create(service_config_string);
         if (service_config != NULL) {
           const char *lb_policy_name =
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ static void dns_ares_on_resolved_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
           if (lb_policy_name != NULL) {
             args_to_remove[num_args_to_remove++] = GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME;
             new_args[num_args_to_add++] = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-                GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME, (char *)lb_policy_name);
+                (char *)GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME, (char *)lb_policy_name);
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_ev_driver_posix.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_ev_driver_posix.c
index 9747d39a16..c30cc93b6f 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_ev_driver_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_ev_driver_posix.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #if GRPC_ARES == 1 && defined(GRPC_POSIX_SOCKET)
 
 #include <ares.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_ev_driver.h"
 
@@ -37,8 +38,6 @@
 typedef struct fd_node {
   /** the owner of this fd node */
   grpc_ares_ev_driver *ev_driver;
-  /** the grpc_fd owned by this fd node */
-  grpc_fd *grpc_fd;
   /** a closure wrapping on_readable_cb, which should be invoked when the
       grpc_fd in this node becomes readable. */
   grpc_closure read_closure;
@@ -50,10 +49,14 @@ typedef struct fd_node {
 
   /** mutex guarding the rest of the state */
   gpr_mu mu;
+  /** the grpc_fd owned by this fd node */
+  grpc_fd *fd;
   /** if the readable closure has been registered */
   bool readable_registered;
   /** if the writable closure has been registered */
   bool writable_registered;
+  /** if the fd is being shut down */
+  bool shutting_down;
 } fd_node;
 
 struct grpc_ares_ev_driver {
@@ -96,19 +99,31 @@ static void grpc_ares_ev_driver_unref(grpc_ares_ev_driver *ev_driver) {
 }
 
 static void fd_node_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, fd_node *fdn) {
-  gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "delete fd: %d", grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd));
+  gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "delete fd: %d", grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->fd));
   GPR_ASSERT(!fdn->readable_registered);
   GPR_ASSERT(!fdn->writable_registered);
   gpr_mu_destroy(&fdn->mu);
-  grpc_pollset_set_del_fd(exec_ctx, fdn->ev_driver->pollset_set, fdn->grpc_fd);
   /* c-ares library has closed the fd inside grpc_fd. This fd may be picked up
      immediately by another thread, and should not be closed by the following
      grpc_fd_orphan. */
-  grpc_fd_orphan(exec_ctx, fdn->grpc_fd, NULL, NULL, true /* already_closed */,
+  grpc_fd_orphan(exec_ctx, fdn->fd, NULL, NULL, true /* already_closed */,
                  "c-ares query finished");
   gpr_free(fdn);
 }
 
+static void fd_node_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, fd_node *fdn) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fdn->mu);
+  fdn->shutting_down = true;
+  if (!fdn->readable_registered && !fdn->writable_registered) {
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
+    fd_node_destroy(exec_ctx, fdn);
+  } else {
+    grpc_fd_shutdown(exec_ctx, fdn->fd, GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+                                            "c-ares fd shutdown"));
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
+  }
+}
+
 grpc_error *grpc_ares_ev_driver_create(grpc_ares_ev_driver **ev_driver,
                                        grpc_pollset_set *pollset_set) {
   *ev_driver = (grpc_ares_ev_driver *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_ares_ev_driver));
@@ -150,9 +165,8 @@ void grpc_ares_ev_driver_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   ev_driver->shutting_down = true;
   fd_node *fn = ev_driver->fds;
   while (fn != NULL) {
-    grpc_fd_shutdown(
-        exec_ctx, fn->grpc_fd,
-        GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("grpc_ares_ev_driver_shutdown"));
+    grpc_fd_shutdown(exec_ctx, fn->fd, GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+                                           "grpc_ares_ev_driver_shutdown"));
     fn = fn->next;
   }
   gpr_mu_unlock(&ev_driver->mu);
@@ -165,7 +179,7 @@ static fd_node *pop_fd_node(fd_node **head, int fd) {
   dummy_head.next = *head;
   fd_node *node = &dummy_head;
   while (node->next != NULL) {
-    if (grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(node->next->grpc_fd) == fd) {
+    if (grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(node->next->fd) == fd) {
       fd_node *ret = node->next;
       node->next = node->next->next;
       *head = dummy_head.next;
@@ -176,18 +190,33 @@ static fd_node *pop_fd_node(fd_node **head, int fd) {
   return NULL;
 }
 
+/* Check if \a fd is still readable */
+static bool grpc_ares_is_fd_still_readable(grpc_ares_ev_driver *ev_driver,
+                                           int fd) {
+  size_t bytes_available = 0;
+  return ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, &bytes_available) == 0 && bytes_available > 0;
+}
+
 static void on_readable_cb(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                            grpc_error *error) {
   fd_node *fdn = (fd_node *)arg;
   grpc_ares_ev_driver *ev_driver = fdn->ev_driver;
   gpr_mu_lock(&fdn->mu);
+  const int fd = grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->fd);
   fdn->readable_registered = false;
+  if (fdn->shutting_down && !fdn->writable_registered) {
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
+    fd_node_destroy(exec_ctx, fdn);
+    grpc_ares_ev_driver_unref(ev_driver);
+    return;
+  }
   gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
 
-  gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "readable on %d", grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd));
+  gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "readable on %d", fd);
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
-    ares_process_fd(ev_driver->channel, grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd),
-                    ARES_SOCKET_BAD);
+    do {
+      ares_process_fd(ev_driver->channel, fd, ARES_SOCKET_BAD);
+    } while (grpc_ares_is_fd_still_readable(ev_driver, fd));
   } else {
     // If error is not GRPC_ERROR_NONE, it means the fd has been shutdown or
     // timed out. The pending lookups made on this ev_driver will be cancelled
@@ -208,13 +237,19 @@ static void on_writable_cb(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   fd_node *fdn = (fd_node *)arg;
   grpc_ares_ev_driver *ev_driver = fdn->ev_driver;
   gpr_mu_lock(&fdn->mu);
+  const int fd = grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->fd);
   fdn->writable_registered = false;
+  if (fdn->shutting_down && !fdn->readable_registered) {
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
+    fd_node_destroy(exec_ctx, fdn);
+    grpc_ares_ev_driver_unref(ev_driver);
+    return;
+  }
   gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
 
-  gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "writable on %d", grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd));
+  gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "writable on %d", fd);
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
-    ares_process_fd(ev_driver->channel, ARES_SOCKET_BAD,
-                    grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd));
+    ares_process_fd(ev_driver->channel, ARES_SOCKET_BAD, fd);
   } else {
     // If error is not GRPC_ERROR_NONE, it means the fd has been shutdown or
     // timed out. The pending lookups made on this ev_driver will be cancelled
@@ -253,17 +288,17 @@ static void grpc_ares_notify_on_event_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
           gpr_asprintf(&fd_name, "ares_ev_driver-%" PRIuPTR, i);
           fdn = (fd_node *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(fd_node));
           gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "new fd: %d", socks[i]);
-          fdn->grpc_fd = grpc_fd_create(socks[i], fd_name);
+          fdn->fd = grpc_fd_create(socks[i], fd_name);
           fdn->ev_driver = ev_driver;
           fdn->readable_registered = false;
           fdn->writable_registered = false;
+          fdn->shutting_down = false;
           gpr_mu_init(&fdn->mu);
           GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&fdn->read_closure, on_readable_cb, fdn,
                             grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
           GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&fdn->write_closure, on_writable_cb, fdn,
                             grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-          grpc_pollset_set_add_fd(exec_ctx, ev_driver->pollset_set,
-                                  fdn->grpc_fd);
+          grpc_pollset_set_add_fd(exec_ctx, ev_driver->pollset_set, fdn->fd);
           gpr_free(fd_name);
         }
         fdn->next = new_list;
@@ -274,9 +309,8 @@ static void grpc_ares_notify_on_event_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         if (ARES_GETSOCK_READABLE(socks_bitmask, i) &&
             !fdn->readable_registered) {
           grpc_ares_ev_driver_ref(ev_driver);
-          gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "notify read on: %d",
-                  grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd));
-          grpc_fd_notify_on_read(exec_ctx, fdn->grpc_fd, &fdn->read_closure);
+          gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "notify read on: %d", grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->fd));
+          grpc_fd_notify_on_read(exec_ctx, fdn->fd, &fdn->read_closure);
           fdn->readable_registered = true;
         }
         // Register write_closure if the socket is writable and write_closure
@@ -284,9 +318,9 @@ static void grpc_ares_notify_on_event_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         if (ARES_GETSOCK_WRITABLE(socks_bitmask, i) &&
             !fdn->writable_registered) {
           gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "notify write on: %d",
-                  grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->grpc_fd));
+                  grpc_fd_wrapped_fd(fdn->fd));
           grpc_ares_ev_driver_ref(ev_driver);
-          grpc_fd_notify_on_write(exec_ctx, fdn->grpc_fd, &fdn->write_closure);
+          grpc_fd_notify_on_write(exec_ctx, fdn->fd, &fdn->write_closure);
           fdn->writable_registered = true;
         }
         gpr_mu_unlock(&fdn->mu);
@@ -299,7 +333,7 @@ static void grpc_ares_notify_on_event_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   while (ev_driver->fds != NULL) {
     fd_node *cur = ev_driver->fds;
     ev_driver->fds = ev_driver->fds->next;
-    fd_node_destroy(exec_ctx, cur);
+    fd_node_shutdown(exec_ctx, cur);
   }
   ev_driver->fds = new_list;
   // If the ev driver has no working fd, all the tasks are done.
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_wrapper.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_wrapper.c
index 0d71f3560e..04379975e1 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_wrapper.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/dns/c_ares/grpc_ares_wrapper.c
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ static void grpc_ares_request_unref(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 static grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *create_hostbyname_request(
     grpc_ares_request *parent_request, char *host, uint16_t port,
     bool is_balancer) {
-  grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *hr =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_ares_hostbyname_request));
+  grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *hr = (grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *)gpr_zalloc(
+      sizeof(grpc_ares_hostbyname_request));
   hr->parent_request = parent_request;
   hr->host = gpr_strdup(host);
   hr->port = port;
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ static void on_hostbyname_done_cb(void *arg, int status, int timeouts,
           grpc_lb_addresses_set_address(
               *lb_addresses, i, &addr, addr_len,
               hr->is_balancer /* is_balancer */,
-              hr->is_balancer ? strdup(hr->host) : NULL /* balancer_name */,
+              hr->is_balancer ? hr->host : NULL /* balancer_name */,
               NULL /* user_data */);
           char output[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
           ares_inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr.sin6_addr, output, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ static void on_hostbyname_done_cb(void *arg, int status, int timeouts,
           grpc_lb_addresses_set_address(
               *lb_addresses, i, &addr, addr_len,
               hr->is_balancer /* is_balancer */,
-              hr->is_balancer ? strdup(hr->host) : NULL /* balancer_name */,
+              hr->is_balancer ? hr->host : NULL /* balancer_name */,
               NULL /* user_data */);
           char output[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
           ares_inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr.sin_addr, output, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
@@ -275,14 +275,15 @@ static void on_txt_done_cb(void *arg, int status, int timeouts,
   gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "on_txt_done_cb");
   char *error_msg;
   grpc_ares_request *r = (grpc_ares_request *)arg;
+  const size_t prefix_len = sizeof(g_service_config_attribute_prefix) - 1;
+  struct ares_txt_ext *result = NULL;
+  struct ares_txt_ext *reply = NULL;
+  grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   gpr_mu_lock(&r->mu);
   if (status != ARES_SUCCESS) goto fail;
-  struct ares_txt_ext *reply = NULL;
   status = ares_parse_txt_reply_ext(buf, len, &reply);
   if (status != ARES_SUCCESS) goto fail;
   // Find service config in TXT record.
-  const size_t prefix_len = sizeof(g_service_config_attribute_prefix) - 1;
-  struct ares_txt_ext *result;
   for (result = reply; result != NULL; result = result->next) {
     if (result->record_start &&
         memcmp(result->txt, g_service_config_attribute_prefix, prefix_len) ==
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ static void on_txt_done_cb(void *arg, int status, int timeouts,
 fail:
   gpr_asprintf(&error_msg, "C-ares TXT lookup status is not ARES_SUCCESS: %s",
                ares_strerror(status));
-  grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(error_msg);
+  error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(error_msg);
   gpr_free(error_msg);
   if (r->error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     r->error = error;
@@ -331,6 +332,9 @@ static grpc_ares_request *grpc_dns_lookup_ares_impl(
     grpc_closure *on_done, grpc_lb_addresses **addrs, bool check_grpclb,
     char **service_config_json) {
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+  grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *hr = NULL;
+  grpc_ares_request *r = NULL;
+  ares_channel *channel = NULL;
   /* TODO(zyc): Enable tracing after #9603 is checked in */
   /* if (grpc_dns_trace) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "resolve_address (blocking): name=%s, default_port=%s",
@@ -360,8 +364,7 @@ static grpc_ares_request *grpc_dns_lookup_ares_impl(
   error = grpc_ares_ev_driver_create(&ev_driver, interested_parties);
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) goto error_cleanup;
 
-  grpc_ares_request *r =
-      (grpc_ares_request *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_ares_request));
+  r = (grpc_ares_request *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_ares_request));
   gpr_mu_init(&r->mu);
   r->ev_driver = ev_driver;
   r->on_done = on_done;
@@ -369,7 +372,7 @@ static grpc_ares_request *grpc_dns_lookup_ares_impl(
   r->service_config_json_out = service_config_json;
   r->success = false;
   r->error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
-  ares_channel *channel = grpc_ares_ev_driver_get_channel(r->ev_driver);
+  channel = grpc_ares_ev_driver_get_channel(r->ev_driver);
 
   // If dns_server is specified, use it.
   if (dns_server != NULL) {
@@ -410,12 +413,12 @@ static grpc_ares_request *grpc_dns_lookup_ares_impl(
   }
   gpr_ref_init(&r->pending_queries, 1);
   if (grpc_ipv6_loopback_available()) {
-    grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *hr = create_hostbyname_request(
-        r, host, strhtons(port), false /* is_balancer */);
+    hr = create_hostbyname_request(r, host, strhtons(port),
+                                   false /* is_balancer */);
     ares_gethostbyname(*channel, hr->host, AF_INET6, on_hostbyname_done_cb, hr);
   }
-  grpc_ares_hostbyname_request *hr = create_hostbyname_request(
-      r, host, strhtons(port), false /* is_balancer */);
+  hr = create_hostbyname_request(r, host, strhtons(port),
+                                 false /* is_balancer */);
   ares_gethostbyname(*channel, hr->host, AF_INET, on_hostbyname_done_cb, hr);
   if (check_grpclb) {
     /* Query the SRV record */
@@ -527,7 +530,8 @@ static void grpc_resolve_address_ares_impl(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                            grpc_closure *on_done,
                                            grpc_resolved_addresses **addrs) {
   grpc_resolve_address_ares_request *r =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_resolve_address_ares_request));
+      (grpc_resolve_address_ares_request *)gpr_zalloc(
+          sizeof(grpc_resolve_address_ares_request));
   r->addrs_out = addrs;
   r->on_resolve_address_done = on_done;
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&r->on_dns_lookup_done, on_dns_lookup_done_cb, r,
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.c
index 3ff081a514..69ea440ae6 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.c
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ typedef struct set_response_closure_arg {
 
 static void set_response_closure_fn(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, void* arg,
                                     grpc_error* error) {
-  set_response_closure_arg* closure_arg = arg;
+  set_response_closure_arg* closure_arg = (set_response_closure_arg*)arg;
   grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator* generator = closure_arg->generator;
   fake_resolver* r = generator->resolver;
   if (r->next_results != NULL) {
@@ -178,7 +178,8 @@ void grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_set_response(
     grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator* generator,
     grpc_channel_args* next_response) {
   GPR_ASSERT(generator->resolver != NULL);
-  set_response_closure_arg* closure_arg = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*closure_arg));
+  set_response_closure_arg* closure_arg =
+      (set_response_closure_arg*)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*closure_arg));
   closure_arg->generator = generator;
   closure_arg->next_response = grpc_channel_args_copy(next_response);
   GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx,
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ grpc_arg grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator_arg(
     grpc_fake_resolver_response_generator* generator) {
   grpc_arg arg;
   arg.type = GRPC_ARG_POINTER;
-  arg.key = GRPC_ARG_FAKE_RESOLVER_RESPONSE_GENERATOR;
+  arg.key = (char*)GRPC_ARG_FAKE_RESOLVER_RESPONSE_GENERATOR;
   arg.value.pointer.p = generator;
   arg.value.pointer.vtable = &response_generator_arg_vtable;
   return arg;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/retry_throttle.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/retry_throttle.c
index 6cd6654b6f..09dcade089 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/retry_throttle.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/retry_throttle.c
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ static grpc_server_retry_throttle_data* grpc_server_retry_throttle_data_create(
     int max_milli_tokens, int milli_token_ratio,
     grpc_server_retry_throttle_data* old_throttle_data) {
   grpc_server_retry_throttle_data* throttle_data =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(*throttle_data));
+      (grpc_server_retry_throttle_data*)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*throttle_data));
   memset(throttle_data, 0, sizeof(*throttle_data));
   gpr_ref_init(&throttle_data->refs, 1);
   throttle_data->max_milli_tokens = max_milli_tokens;
@@ -131,11 +131,11 @@ static grpc_server_retry_throttle_data* grpc_server_retry_throttle_data_create(
 //
 
 static void* copy_server_name(void* key, void* unused) {
-  return gpr_strdup(key);
+  return gpr_strdup((const char*)key);
 }
 
 static long compare_server_name(void* key1, void* key2, void* unused) {
-  return strcmp(key1, key2);
+  return strcmp((const char*)key1, (const char*)key2);
 }
 
 static void destroy_server_retry_throttle_data(void* value, void* unused) {
@@ -177,7 +177,8 @@ grpc_server_retry_throttle_data* grpc_retry_throttle_map_get_data_for_server(
     const char* server_name, int max_milli_tokens, int milli_token_ratio) {
   gpr_mu_lock(&g_mu);
   grpc_server_retry_throttle_data* throttle_data =
-      gpr_avl_get(g_avl, (char*)server_name, NULL);
+      (grpc_server_retry_throttle_data*)gpr_avl_get(g_avl, (char*)server_name,
+                                                    NULL);
   if (throttle_data == NULL) {
     // Entry not found.  Create a new one.
     throttle_data = grpc_server_retry_throttle_data_create(
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel.c
index 05c55aaa89..40a51c72d6 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/uri_parser.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/sockaddr_utils.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/timer.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/profiling/timers.h"
@@ -290,6 +291,7 @@ grpc_subchannel *grpc_subchannel_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     return c;
   }
 
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_CLIENT_SUBCHANNELS_CREATED(exec_ctx);
   c = (grpc_subchannel *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*c));
   c->key = key;
   gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&c->ref_pair, 1 << INTERNAL_REF_BITS);
@@ -809,6 +811,6 @@ const char *grpc_get_subchannel_address_uri_arg(const grpc_channel_args *args) {
 
 grpc_arg grpc_create_subchannel_address_arg(const grpc_resolved_address *addr) {
   return grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-      GRPC_ARG_SUBCHANNEL_ADDRESS,
+      (char *)GRPC_ARG_SUBCHANNEL_ADDRESS,
       addr->len > 0 ? grpc_sockaddr_to_uri(addr) : gpr_strdup(""));
 }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.c b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.c
index f319aff0df..d7a51f3899 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.c
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ static gpr_avl g_subchannel_index;
 
 static gpr_mu g_mu;
 
+static gpr_refcount g_refcount;
+
 struct grpc_subchannel_key {
   grpc_subchannel_args args;
 };
@@ -88,24 +90,26 @@ void grpc_subchannel_key_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void sck_avl_destroy(void *p, void *user_data) {
   grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx = (grpc_exec_ctx *)user_data;
-  grpc_subchannel_key_destroy(exec_ctx, p);
+  grpc_subchannel_key_destroy(exec_ctx, (grpc_subchannel_key *)p);
 }
 
 static void *sck_avl_copy(void *p, void *unused) {
-  return subchannel_key_copy(p);
+  return subchannel_key_copy((grpc_subchannel_key *)p);
 }
 
 static long sck_avl_compare(void *a, void *b, void *unused) {
-  return grpc_subchannel_key_compare(a, b);
+  return grpc_subchannel_key_compare((grpc_subchannel_key *)a,
+                                     (grpc_subchannel_key *)b);
 }
 
 static void scv_avl_destroy(void *p, void *user_data) {
   grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx = (grpc_exec_ctx *)user_data;
-  GRPC_SUBCHANNEL_WEAK_UNREF(exec_ctx, p, "subchannel_index");
+  GRPC_SUBCHANNEL_WEAK_UNREF(exec_ctx, (grpc_subchannel *)p,
+                             "subchannel_index");
 }
 
 static void *scv_avl_copy(void *p, void *unused) {
-  GRPC_SUBCHANNEL_WEAK_REF(p, "subchannel_index");
+  GRPC_SUBCHANNEL_WEAK_REF((grpc_subchannel *)p, "subchannel_index");
   return p;
 }
 
@@ -119,15 +123,27 @@ static const gpr_avl_vtable subchannel_avl_vtable = {
 void grpc_subchannel_index_init(void) {
   g_subchannel_index = gpr_avl_create(&subchannel_avl_vtable);
   gpr_mu_init(&g_mu);
+  gpr_ref_init(&g_refcount, 1);
 }
 
 void grpc_subchannel_index_shutdown(void) {
-  grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
-  gpr_mu_destroy(&g_mu);
-  gpr_avl_unref(g_subchannel_index, &exec_ctx);
-  grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+  // TODO(juanlishen): This refcounting mechanism may lead to memory leackage.
+  // To solve that, we should force polling to flush any pending callbacks, then
+  // shutdown safely.
+  grpc_subchannel_index_unref();
+}
+
+void grpc_subchannel_index_unref(void) {
+  if (gpr_unref(&g_refcount)) {
+    grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
+    gpr_mu_destroy(&g_mu);
+    gpr_avl_unref(g_subchannel_index, &exec_ctx);
+    grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+  }
 }
 
+void grpc_subchannel_index_ref(void) { gpr_ref_non_zero(&g_refcount); }
+
 grpc_subchannel *grpc_subchannel_index_find(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                             grpc_subchannel_key *key) {
   // Lock, and take a reference to the subchannel index.
@@ -136,8 +152,8 @@ grpc_subchannel *grpc_subchannel_index_find(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   gpr_avl index = gpr_avl_ref(g_subchannel_index, exec_ctx);
   gpr_mu_unlock(&g_mu);
 
-  grpc_subchannel *c = (grpc_subchannel *)GRPC_SUBCHANNEL_REF_FROM_WEAK_REF(
-      gpr_avl_get(index, key, exec_ctx), "index_find");
+  grpc_subchannel *c = GRPC_SUBCHANNEL_REF_FROM_WEAK_REF(
+      (grpc_subchannel *)gpr_avl_get(index, key, exec_ctx), "index_find");
   gpr_avl_unref(index, exec_ctx);
 
   return c;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.h b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.h
index 98d882a453..92e36d5283 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.h
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_index.h
@@ -59,6 +59,13 @@ void grpc_subchannel_index_init(void);
 /** Shutdown the subchannel index (global) */
 void grpc_subchannel_index_shutdown(void);
 
+/** Increment the refcount (non-zero) of subchannel index (global). */
+void grpc_subchannel_index_ref(void);
+
+/** Decrement the refcount of subchannel index (global). If the refcount drops
+    to zero, unref the subchannel index and destroy its mutex. */
+void grpc_subchannel_index_unref(void);
+
 /** \em TEST ONLY.
  * If \a force_creation is true, all key comparisons will be false, resulting in
  * new subchannels always being created. Otherwise, the keys will be compared as
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/http/message_compress/message_compress_filter.c b/src/core/ext/filters/http/message_compress/message_compress_filter.c
index 0145dffab0..f785e1355d 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/http/message_compress/message_compress_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/http/message_compress/message_compress_filter.c
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ static void finish_send_message(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         &calld->slices, &tmp);
   if (did_compress) {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_compression_trace)) {
-      char *algo_name;
+      const char *algo_name;
       const size_t before_size = calld->slices.length;
       const size_t after_size = tmp.length;
       const float savings_ratio = 1.0f - (float)after_size / (float)before_size;
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ static void finish_send_message(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     send_flags |= GRPC_WRITE_INTERNAL_COMPRESS;
   } else {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_compression_trace)) {
-      char *algo_name;
+      const char *algo_name;
       GPR_ASSERT(grpc_compression_algorithm_name(calld->compression_algorithm,
                                                  &algo_name));
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/http/server/http_server_filter.c b/src/core/ext/filters/http/server/http_server_filter.c
index 554a7f530d..03958136b4 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/http/server/http_server_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/http/server/http_server_filter.c
@@ -83,12 +83,12 @@ static grpc_error *server_filter_outgoing_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 }
 
 static void add_error(const char *error_name, grpc_error **cumulative,
-                      grpc_error *new) {
-  if (new == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return;
+                      grpc_error *new_err) {
+  if (new_err == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return;
   if (*cumulative == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     *cumulative = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_COPIED_STRING(error_name);
   }
-  *cumulative = grpc_error_add_child(*cumulative, new);
+  *cumulative = grpc_error_add_child(*cumulative, new_err);
 }
 
 static grpc_error *server_filter_incoming_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/load_reporting/server_load_reporting_plugin.c b/src/core/ext/filters/load_reporting/server_load_reporting_plugin.c
index f56afd27d2..2486ead427 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/load_reporting/server_load_reporting_plugin.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/load_reporting/server_load_reporting_plugin.c
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ static bool maybe_add_server_load_reporting_filter(
 }
 
 grpc_arg grpc_load_reporting_enable_arg() {
-  return grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(GRPC_ARG_ENABLE_LOAD_REPORTING, 1);
+  return grpc_channel_arg_integer_create((char *)GRPC_ARG_ENABLE_LOAD_REPORTING,
+                                         1);
 }
 
 /* Plugin registration */
diff --git a/src/core/ext/filters/max_age/max_age_filter.c b/src/core/ext/filters/max_age/max_age_filter.c
index 450f67746f..0ac803ed41 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/filters/max_age/max_age_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/filters/max_age/max_age_filter.c
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ static bool maybe_add_max_age_filter(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx,
   bool enable =
       grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
           grpc_channel_args_find(channel_args, GRPC_ARG_MAX_CONNECTION_AGE_MS),
-          MAX_CONNECTION_AGE_INTEGER_OPTIONS) != INT_MAX &&
+          MAX_CONNECTION_AGE_INTEGER_OPTIONS) != INT_MAX ||
       grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
           grpc_channel_args_find(channel_args, GRPC_ARG_MAX_CONNECTION_IDLE_MS),
           MAX_CONNECTION_IDLE_INTEGER_OPTIONS) != INT_MAX;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/chttp2_connector.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/chttp2_connector.c
index 0ec9353c04..202bcd47f5 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/chttp2_connector.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/chttp2_connector.c
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ static void connected(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
       grpc_endpoint_shutdown(exec_ctx, c->endpoint, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
     }
     gpr_mu_unlock(&c->mu);
-    chttp2_connector_unref(exec_ctx, arg);
+    chttp2_connector_unref(exec_ctx, (grpc_connector *)arg);
   } else {
     GPR_ASSERT(c->endpoint != NULL);
     start_handshake_locked(exec_ctx, c);
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create.c
index cccb347bf1..6410a6043d 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static grpc_channel *client_channel_factory_create_channel(
   }
   // Add channel arg containing the server URI.
   grpc_arg arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-      GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI,
+      (char *)GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI,
       grpc_resolver_factory_add_default_prefix_if_needed(exec_ctx, target));
   const char *to_remove[] = {GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI};
   grpc_channel_args *new_args =
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create_posix.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create_posix.c
index 0346d50b6c..dd88136f7b 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/client/insecure/channel_create_posix.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_insecure_channel_create_from_fd(
                  (target, fd, args));
 
   grpc_arg default_authority_arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-      GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY, "test.authority");
+      (char *)GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY, (char *)"test.authority");
   grpc_channel_args *final_args =
       grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(args, &default_authority_arg, 1);
 
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/server/chttp2_server.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/server/chttp2_server.c
index d7add0538b..60244e163b 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/server/chttp2_server.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/server/chttp2_server.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } server_state;
 
 typedef struct {
-  server_state *server_state;
+  server_state *svr_state;
   grpc_pollset *accepting_pollset;
   grpc_tcp_server_acceptor *acceptor;
   grpc_handshake_manager *handshake_mgr;
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ static void on_handshake_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   grpc_handshaker_args *args = (grpc_handshaker_args *)arg;
   server_connection_state *connection_state =
       (server_connection_state *)args->user_data;
-  gpr_mu_lock(&connection_state->server_state->mu);
-  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || connection_state->server_state->shutdown) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&connection_state->svr_state->mu);
+  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || connection_state->svr_state->shutdown) {
     const char *error_str = grpc_error_string(error);
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "Handshaking failed: %s", error_str);
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ static void on_handshake_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
       grpc_transport *transport =
           grpc_create_chttp2_transport(exec_ctx, args->args, args->endpoint, 0);
       grpc_server_setup_transport(
-          exec_ctx, connection_state->server_state->server, transport,
+          exec_ctx, connection_state->svr_state->server, transport,
           connection_state->accepting_pollset, args->args);
       grpc_chttp2_transport_start_reading(exec_ctx, transport,
                                           args->read_buffer);
@@ -97,11 +97,11 @@ static void on_handshake_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
     }
   }
   grpc_handshake_manager_pending_list_remove(
-      &connection_state->server_state->pending_handshake_mgrs,
+      &connection_state->svr_state->pending_handshake_mgrs,
       connection_state->handshake_mgr);
-  gpr_mu_unlock(&connection_state->server_state->mu);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&connection_state->svr_state->mu);
   grpc_handshake_manager_destroy(exec_ctx, connection_state->handshake_mgr);
-  grpc_tcp_server_unref(exec_ctx, connection_state->server_state->tcp_server);
+  grpc_tcp_server_unref(exec_ctx, connection_state->svr_state->tcp_server);
   gpr_free(connection_state->acceptor);
   gpr_free(connection_state);
 }
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ static void on_accept(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_endpoint *tcp,
   gpr_mu_unlock(&state->mu);
   grpc_tcp_server_ref(state->tcp_server);
   server_connection_state *connection_state =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(*connection_state));
-  connection_state->server_state = state;
+      (server_connection_state *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*connection_state));
+  connection_state->svr_state = state;
   connection_state->accepting_pollset = accepting_pollset;
   connection_state->acceptor = acceptor;
   connection_state->handshake_mgr = handshake_mgr;
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_server_add_port(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_error *err = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   server_state *state = NULL;
   grpc_error **errors = NULL;
+  size_t naddrs = 0;
 
   *port_num = -1;
 
@@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_server_add_port(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   state->shutdown = true;
   gpr_mu_init(&state->mu);
 
-  const size_t naddrs = resolved->naddrs;
+  naddrs = resolved->naddrs;
   errors = (grpc_error **)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*errors) * naddrs);
   for (i = 0; i < naddrs; i++) {
     errors[i] =
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_plugin.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_plugin.c
index 78551df9c3..6d09953830 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_plugin.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_plugin.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 void grpc_chttp2_plugin_init(void) {
   grpc_register_tracer(&grpc_http_trace);
   grpc_register_tracer(&grpc_flowctl_trace);
+  grpc_register_tracer(&grpc_trace_http2_stream_state);
 #ifndef NDEBUG
   grpc_register_tracer(&grpc_trace_chttp2_refcount);
 #endif
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.c
index 7ff77b7cd9..acf49632ff 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.c
@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@
 #define DEFAULT_KEEPALIVE_PERMIT_WITHOUT_CALLS false
 #define KEEPALIVE_TIME_BACKOFF_MULTIPLIER 2
 
+#define DEFAULT_MIN_SENT_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS 300000 /* 5 minutes */
+#define DEFAULT_MIN_RECV_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS 300000 /* 5 minutes */
+#define DEFAULT_MAX_PINGS_BETWEEN_DATA 0                      /* unlimited */
+#define DEFAULT_MAX_PING_STRIKES 2
+
 static int g_default_client_keepalive_time_ms =
     DEFAULT_CLIENT_KEEPALIVE_TIME_MS;
 static int g_default_client_keepalive_timeout_ms =
@@ -75,6 +80,13 @@ static int g_default_server_keepalive_timeout_ms =
 static bool g_default_keepalive_permit_without_calls =
     DEFAULT_KEEPALIVE_PERMIT_WITHOUT_CALLS;
 
+static int g_default_min_sent_ping_interval_without_data_ms =
+    DEFAULT_MIN_SENT_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS;
+static int g_default_min_recv_ping_interval_without_data_ms =
+    DEFAULT_MIN_RECV_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS;
+static int g_default_max_pings_without_data = DEFAULT_MAX_PINGS_BETWEEN_DATA;
+static int g_default_max_ping_strikes = DEFAULT_MAX_PING_STRIKES;
+
 #define MAX_CLIENT_STREAM_ID 0x7fffffffu
 grpc_tracer_flag grpc_http_trace = GRPC_TRACER_INITIALIZER(false, "http");
 grpc_tracer_flag grpc_flowctl_trace = GRPC_TRACER_INITIALIZER(false, "flowctl");
@@ -84,8 +96,6 @@ grpc_tracer_flag grpc_trace_chttp2_refcount =
     GRPC_TRACER_INITIALIZER(false, "chttp2_refcount");
 #endif
 
-static const grpc_transport_vtable vtable;
-
 /* forward declarations of various callbacks that we'll build closures around */
 static void write_action_begin_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *t,
                                       grpc_error *error);
@@ -146,18 +156,14 @@ static void finish_bdp_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
 
 static void cancel_pings(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                          grpc_error *error);
-static void send_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
-                             grpc_chttp2_ping_type ping_type,
-                             grpc_closure *on_initiate,
-                             grpc_closure *on_complete);
+static void send_ping_locked(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+    grpc_chttp2_ping_type ping_type, grpc_closure *on_initiate,
+    grpc_closure *on_complete,
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason initiate_write_reason);
 static void retry_initiate_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                        grpc_error *error);
 
-#define DEFAULT_MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_PINGS_MS 0
-#define DEFAULT_MAX_PINGS_BETWEEN_DATA 3
-#define DEFAULT_MAX_PING_STRIKES 2
-#define DEFAULT_MIN_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS 300000 /* 5 minutes */
-
 /** keepalive-relevant functions */
 static void init_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                        grpc_error *error);
@@ -248,6 +254,8 @@ void grpc_chttp2_unref_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 void grpc_chttp2_ref_transport(grpc_chttp2_transport *t) { gpr_ref(&t->refs); }
 #endif
 
+static const grpc_transport_vtable *get_vtable(void);
+
 static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                            const grpc_channel_args *channel_args,
                            grpc_endpoint *ep, bool is_client) {
@@ -257,7 +265,7 @@ static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   GPR_ASSERT(strlen(GRPC_CHTTP2_CLIENT_CONNECT_STRING) ==
              GRPC_CHTTP2_CLIENT_CONNECT_STRLEN);
 
-  t->base.vtable = &vtable;
+  t->base.vtable = get_vtable();
   t->ep = ep;
   /* one ref is for destroy */
   gpr_ref_init(&t->refs, 1);
@@ -346,7 +354,6 @@ static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   if (is_client) {
     grpc_slice_buffer_add(&t->outbuf, grpc_slice_from_copied_string(
                                           GRPC_CHTTP2_CLIENT_CONNECT_STRING));
-    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "initial_write");
   }
 
   /* configure http2 the way we like it */
@@ -362,14 +369,12 @@ static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   queue_setting_update(exec_ctx, t,
                        GRPC_CHTTP2_SETTINGS_GRPC_ALLOW_TRUE_BINARY_METADATA, 1);
 
-  t->ping_policy = (grpc_chttp2_repeated_ping_policy){
-      .max_pings_without_data = DEFAULT_MAX_PINGS_BETWEEN_DATA,
-      .min_time_between_pings =
-          gpr_time_from_millis(DEFAULT_MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_PINGS_MS, GPR_TIMESPAN),
-      .max_ping_strikes = DEFAULT_MAX_PING_STRIKES,
-      .min_ping_interval_without_data = gpr_time_from_millis(
-          DEFAULT_MIN_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS, GPR_TIMESPAN),
-  };
+  t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data = g_default_max_pings_without_data;
+  t->ping_policy.min_sent_ping_interval_without_data = gpr_time_from_millis(
+      g_default_min_sent_ping_interval_without_data_ms, GPR_TIMESPAN);
+  t->ping_policy.max_ping_strikes = g_default_max_ping_strikes;
+  t->ping_policy.min_recv_ping_interval_without_data = gpr_time_from_millis(
+      g_default_min_recv_ping_interval_without_data_ms, GPR_TIMESPAN);
 
   /* Keepalive setting */
   if (t->is_client) {
@@ -428,29 +433,37 @@ static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                              GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PINGS_WITHOUT_DATA)) {
         t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data = grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
             &channel_args->args[i],
-            (grpc_integer_options){DEFAULT_MAX_PINGS_BETWEEN_DATA, 0, INT_MAX});
+            (grpc_integer_options){g_default_max_pings_without_data, 0,
+                                   INT_MAX});
       } else if (0 == strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key,
                              GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PING_STRIKES)) {
         t->ping_policy.max_ping_strikes = grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
             &channel_args->args[i],
-            (grpc_integer_options){DEFAULT_MAX_PING_STRIKES, 0, INT_MAX});
-      } else if (0 == strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key,
-                             GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_PINGS_MS)) {
-        t->ping_policy.min_time_between_pings = gpr_time_from_millis(
-            grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
-                &channel_args->args[i],
-                (grpc_integer_options){DEFAULT_MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_PINGS_MS, 0,
-                                       INT_MAX}),
-            GPR_TIMESPAN);
+            (grpc_integer_options){g_default_max_ping_strikes, 0, INT_MAX});
       } else if (0 ==
-                 strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key,
-                        GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MIN_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS)) {
-        t->ping_policy.min_ping_interval_without_data = gpr_time_from_millis(
-            grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
-                &channel_args->args[i],
-                (grpc_integer_options){
-                    DEFAULT_MIN_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS, 0, INT_MAX}),
-            GPR_TIMESPAN);
+                 strcmp(
+                     channel_args->args[i].key,
+                     GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MIN_SENT_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS)) {
+        t->ping_policy.min_sent_ping_interval_without_data =
+            gpr_time_from_millis(
+                grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
+                    &channel_args->args[i],
+                    (grpc_integer_options){
+                        g_default_min_sent_ping_interval_without_data_ms, 0,
+                        INT_MAX}),
+                GPR_TIMESPAN);
+      } else if (0 ==
+                 strcmp(
+                     channel_args->args[i].key,
+                     GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MIN_RECV_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS)) {
+        t->ping_policy.min_recv_ping_interval_without_data =
+            gpr_time_from_millis(
+                grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
+                    &channel_args->args[i],
+                    (grpc_integer_options){
+                        g_default_min_recv_ping_interval_without_data_ms, 0,
+                        INT_MAX}),
+                GPR_TIMESPAN);
       } else if (0 == strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key,
                              GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
         t->write_buffer_size = (uint32_t)grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
@@ -557,13 +570,8 @@ static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
     }
   }
 
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&t->write_action, write_action, t,
-                    t->opt_target == GRPC_CHTTP2_OPTIMIZE_FOR_THROUGHPUT
-                        ? grpc_executor_scheduler
-                        : grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-
-  t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
-      t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
+  /* No pings allowed before receiving a header or data frame. */
+  t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required = 0;
   t->ping_state.is_delayed_ping_timer_set = false;
 
   t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time = gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
@@ -583,13 +591,14 @@ static void init_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
     t->keepalive_state = GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_DISABLED;
   }
 
-  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "init");
+  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                             GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_INITIAL_WRITE);
   post_benign_reclaimer(exec_ctx, t);
 }
 
 static void destroy_transport_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                      grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = tp;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)tp;
   t->destroying = 1;
   close_transport_locked(
       exec_ctx, t,
@@ -629,6 +638,9 @@ static void close_transport_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     connectivity_state_set(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN,
                            GRPC_ERROR_REF(error), "close_transport");
     grpc_endpoint_shutdown(exec_ctx, t->ep, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+    if (t->ping_state.is_delayed_ping_timer_set) {
+      grpc_timer_cancel(exec_ctx, &t->ping_state.delayed_ping_timer);
+    }
     switch (t->keepalive_state) {
       case GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_WAITING:
         grpc_timer_cancel(exec_ctx, &t->keepalive_ping_timer);
@@ -694,7 +706,10 @@ static int init_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
                     grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
   grpc_slice_buffer_init(&s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer);
   grpc_slice_buffer_init(&s->frame_storage);
+  grpc_slice_buffer_init(&s->compressed_data_buffer);
+  grpc_slice_buffer_init(&s->decompressed_data_buffer);
   s->pending_byte_stream = false;
+  s->decompressed_header_bytes = 0;
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&s->reset_byte_stream, reset_byte_stream, s,
                     grpc_combiner_scheduler(t->combiner));
 
@@ -715,7 +730,7 @@ static int init_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
 
 static void destroy_stream_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *sp,
                                   grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = sp;
+  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = (grpc_chttp2_stream *)sp;
   grpc_chttp2_transport *t = s->t;
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("destroy_stream", 0);
@@ -728,14 +743,8 @@ static void destroy_stream_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *sp,
   grpc_slice_buffer_destroy_internal(exec_ctx,
                                      &s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer);
   grpc_slice_buffer_destroy_internal(exec_ctx, &s->frame_storage);
-  if (s->compressed_data_buffer) {
-    grpc_slice_buffer_destroy_internal(exec_ctx, s->compressed_data_buffer);
-    gpr_free(s->compressed_data_buffer);
-  }
-  if (s->decompressed_data_buffer) {
-    grpc_slice_buffer_destroy_internal(exec_ctx, s->decompressed_data_buffer);
-    gpr_free(s->decompressed_data_buffer);
-  }
+  grpc_slice_buffer_destroy_internal(exec_ctx, &s->compressed_data_buffer);
+  grpc_slice_buffer_destroy_internal(exec_ctx, &s->decompressed_data_buffer);
 
   grpc_chttp2_list_remove_stalled_by_transport(t, s);
   grpc_chttp2_list_remove_stalled_by_stream(t, s);
@@ -799,7 +808,7 @@ static void destroy_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
 
 grpc_chttp2_stream *grpc_chttp2_parsing_lookup_stream(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                                       uint32_t id) {
-  return grpc_chttp2_stream_map_find(&t->stream_map, id);
+  return (grpc_chttp2_stream *)grpc_chttp2_stream_map_find(&t->stream_map, id);
 }
 
 grpc_chttp2_stream *grpc_chttp2_parsing_accept_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -851,13 +860,92 @@ static void set_write_state(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   }
 }
 
+static void inc_initiate_write_reason(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason reason) {
+  switch (reason) {
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_INITIAL_WRITE:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_INITIAL_WRITE(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_START_NEW_STREAM:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_START_NEW_STREAM(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_MESSAGE:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_MESSAGE(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA(
+          exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA(
+          exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RETRY_SEND_PING:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RETRY_SEND_PING(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CONTINUE_PINGS:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CONTINUE_PINGS(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_GOAWAY_SENT:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_GOAWAY_SENT(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RST_STREAM:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RST_STREAM(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CLOSE_FROM_API:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CLOSE_FROM_API(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL(
+          exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_SETTINGS:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_SETTINGS(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING(
+          exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE(
+          exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_APPLICATION_PING:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_APPLICATION_PING(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_KEEPALIVE_PING:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_KEEPALIVE_PING(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED(
+          exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_PING_RESPONSE:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_PING_RESPONSE(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FORCE_RST_STREAM:
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FORCE_RST_STREAM(exec_ctx);
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
 void grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                grpc_chttp2_transport *t, const char *reason) {
+                                grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+                                grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason reason) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_chttp2_initiate_write", 0);
 
   switch (t->write_state) {
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_IDLE:
-      set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING, reason);
+      inc_initiate_write_reason(exec_ctx, reason);
+      set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING,
+                      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason_string(reason));
+      t->is_first_write_in_batch = true;
       GRPC_CHTTP2_REF_TRANSPORT(t, "writing");
       GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(
           exec_ctx,
@@ -868,7 +956,7 @@ void grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       break;
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING:
       set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING_WITH_MORE,
-                      reason);
+                      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason_string(reason));
       break;
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING_WITH_MORE:
       break;
@@ -876,52 +964,96 @@ void grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GPR_TIMER_END("grpc_chttp2_initiate_write", 0);
 }
 
-void grpc_chttp2_become_writable(
-    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t, grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
-    grpc_chttp2_stream_write_type stream_write_type, const char *reason) {
+void grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                      grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+                                      grpc_chttp2_stream *s) {
   if (!t->closed && grpc_chttp2_list_add_writable_stream(t, s)) {
     GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_REF(s, "chttp2_writing:become");
   }
-  switch (stream_write_type) {
-    case GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_PIGGYBACK:
-      break;
-    case GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED:
-      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, reason);
-      break;
-    case GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_UNCOVERED:
-      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, reason);
-      break;
+}
+
+static grpc_closure_scheduler *write_scheduler(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+                                               bool early_results_scheduled,
+                                               bool partial_write) {
+  /* if it's not the first write in a batch, always offload to the executor:
+     we'll probably end up queuing against the kernel anyway, so we'll likely
+     get better latency overall if we switch writing work elsewhere and continue
+     with application work above */
+  if (!t->is_first_write_in_batch) {
+    return grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT);
+  }
+  /* equivalently, if it's a partial write, we *know* we're going to be taking a
+     thread jump to write it because of the above, may as well do so
+     immediately */
+  if (partial_write) {
+    return grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT);
+  }
+  switch (t->opt_target) {
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_OPTIMIZE_FOR_THROUGHPUT:
+      /* executor gives us the largest probability of being able to batch a
+       * write with others on this transport */
+      return grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT);
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_OPTIMIZE_FOR_LATENCY:
+      return grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx;
+  }
+  GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return NULL);
+}
+
+#define WRITE_STATE_TUPLE_TO_INT(p, i) (2 * (int)(p) + (int)(i))
+static const char *begin_writing_desc(bool partial, bool inlined) {
+  switch (WRITE_STATE_TUPLE_TO_INT(partial, inlined)) {
+    case WRITE_STATE_TUPLE_TO_INT(false, false):
+      return "begin write in background";
+    case WRITE_STATE_TUPLE_TO_INT(false, true):
+      return "begin write in current thread";
+    case WRITE_STATE_TUPLE_TO_INT(true, false):
+      return "begin partial write in background";
+    case WRITE_STATE_TUPLE_TO_INT(true, true):
+      return "begin partial write in current thread";
   }
+  GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return "bad state tuple");
 }
 
 static void write_action_begin_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *gt,
                                       grpc_error *error_ignored) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("write_action_begin_locked", 0);
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = gt;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)gt;
   GPR_ASSERT(t->write_state != GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_IDLE);
-  switch (t->closed ? GRPC_CHTTP2_NOTHING_TO_WRITE
-                    : grpc_chttp2_begin_write(exec_ctx, t)) {
-    case GRPC_CHTTP2_NOTHING_TO_WRITE:
-      set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_IDLE,
-                      "begin writing nothing");
-      GRPC_CHTTP2_UNREF_TRANSPORT(exec_ctx, t, "writing");
-      break;
-    case GRPC_CHTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITE:
-      set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING_WITH_MORE,
-                      "begin writing partial");
-      GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, &t->write_action, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
-      break;
-    case GRPC_CHTTP2_FULL_WRITE:
-      set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING,
-                      "begin writing");
-      GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, &t->write_action, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
-      break;
+  grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result r;
+  if (t->closed) {
+    r.writing = false;
+  } else {
+    r = grpc_chttp2_begin_write(exec_ctx, t);
+  }
+  if (r.writing) {
+    if (r.partial) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITES(exec_ctx);
+    }
+    if (!t->is_first_write_in_batch) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_WRITES_CONTINUED(exec_ctx);
+    }
+    grpc_closure_scheduler *scheduler =
+        write_scheduler(t, r.early_results_scheduled, r.partial);
+    if (scheduler != grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_WRITES_OFFLOADED(exec_ctx);
+    }
+    set_write_state(
+        exec_ctx, t, r.partial ? GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING_WITH_MORE
+                               : GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING,
+        begin_writing_desc(r.partial, scheduler == grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx));
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&t->write_action,
+                                                   write_action, t, scheduler),
+                       GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+  } else {
+    set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_IDLE,
+                    "begin writing nothing");
+    GRPC_CHTTP2_UNREF_TRANSPORT(exec_ctx, t, "writing");
   }
   GPR_TIMER_END("write_action_begin_locked", 0);
 }
 
 static void write_action(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *gt, grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = gt;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)gt;
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("write_action", 0);
   grpc_endpoint_write(
       exec_ctx, t->ep, &t->outbuf,
@@ -933,7 +1065,7 @@ static void write_action(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *gt, grpc_error *error) {
 static void write_action_end_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                     grpc_error *error) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("terminate_writing_with_lock", 0);
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = tp;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)tp;
 
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     close_transport_locked(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
@@ -958,7 +1090,8 @@ static void write_action_end_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING_WITH_MORE:
       GPR_TIMER_MARK("state=writing_stale_no_poller", 0);
       set_write_state(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_STATE_WRITING,
-                      "continue writing [!covered]");
+                      "continue writing");
+      t->is_first_write_in_batch = false;
       GRPC_CHTTP2_REF_TRANSPORT(t, "writing");
       GRPC_CLOSURE_RUN(
           exec_ctx,
@@ -1060,9 +1193,9 @@ static void maybe_start_some_streams(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
     grpc_chttp2_stream_map_add(&t->stream_map, s->id, s);
     post_destructive_reclaimer(exec_ctx, t);
-    grpc_chttp2_become_writable(exec_ctx, t, s,
-                                GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED,
-                                "new_stream");
+    grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                               GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_START_NEW_STREAM);
   }
   /* cancel out streams that will never be started */
   while (t->next_stream_id >= MAX_CLIENT_STREAM_ID &&
@@ -1111,12 +1244,14 @@ void grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   closure->next_data.scratch -= CLOSURE_BARRIER_FIRST_REF_BIT;
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_http_trace)) {
     const char *errstr = grpc_error_string(error);
-    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
-            "complete_closure_step: %p refs=%d flags=0x%04x desc=%s err=%s",
-            closure,
-            (int)(closure->next_data.scratch / CLOSURE_BARRIER_FIRST_REF_BIT),
-            (int)(closure->next_data.scratch % CLOSURE_BARRIER_FIRST_REF_BIT),
-            desc, errstr);
+    gpr_log(
+        GPR_DEBUG,
+        "complete_closure_step: t=%p %p refs=%d flags=0x%04x desc=%s err=%s "
+        "write_state=%s",
+        t, closure,
+        (int)(closure->next_data.scratch / CLOSURE_BARRIER_FIRST_REF_BIT),
+        (int)(closure->next_data.scratch % CLOSURE_BARRIER_FIRST_REF_BIT), desc,
+        errstr, write_state_name(t->write_state));
   }
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     if (closure->error_data.error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
@@ -1157,9 +1292,9 @@ static void maybe_become_writable_due_to_send_msg(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                                   grpc_chttp2_stream *s) {
   if (s->id != 0 && (!s->write_buffering ||
                      s->flow_controlled_buffer.length > t->write_buffer_size)) {
-    grpc_chttp2_become_writable(exec_ctx, t, s,
-                                GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED,
-                                "op.send_message");
+    grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                               GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_MESSAGE);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1191,15 +1326,19 @@ static void continue_fetching_send_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       } else {
         grpc_chttp2_write_cb *cb = t->write_cb_pool;
         if (cb == NULL) {
-          cb = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*cb));
+          cb = (grpc_chttp2_write_cb *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*cb));
         } else {
           t->write_cb_pool = cb->next;
         }
         cb->call_at_byte = notify_offset;
         cb->closure = s->fetching_send_message_finished;
         s->fetching_send_message_finished = NULL;
-        cb->next = s->on_write_finished_cbs;
-        s->on_write_finished_cbs = cb;
+        grpc_chttp2_write_cb **list =
+            s->fetching_send_message->flags & GRPC_WRITE_THROUGH
+                ? &s->on_write_finished_cbs
+                : &s->on_flow_controlled_cbs;
+        cb->next = *list;
+        *list = cb;
       }
       s->fetching_send_message = NULL;
       return; /* early out */
@@ -1219,7 +1358,7 @@ static void continue_fetching_send_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void complete_fetch_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *gs,
                                   grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = gs;
+  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = (grpc_chttp2_stream *)gs;
   grpc_chttp2_transport *t = s->t;
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     error = grpc_byte_stream_pull(exec_ctx, s->fetching_send_message,
@@ -1254,8 +1393,9 @@ static void perform_stream_op_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *stream_op,
                                      grpc_error *error_ignored) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("perform_stream_op_locked", 0);
 
-  grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *op = stream_op;
-  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = op->handler_private.extra_arg;
+  grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *op =
+      (grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *)stream_op;
+  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = (grpc_chttp2_stream *)op->handler_private.extra_arg;
   grpc_transport_stream_op_batch_payload *op_payload = op->payload;
   grpc_chttp2_transport *t = s->t;
 
@@ -1305,11 +1445,14 @@ static void perform_stream_op_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *stream_op,
     on_complete->next_data.scratch |= CLOSURE_BARRIER_MAY_COVER_WRITE;
 
     /* Identify stream compression */
-    if ((s->stream_compression_send_enabled =
-             (op_payload->send_initial_metadata.send_initial_metadata->idx.named
-                  .content_encoding != NULL)) == true) {
-      s->compressed_data_buffer = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_slice_buffer));
-      grpc_slice_buffer_init(s->compressed_data_buffer);
+    if (op_payload->send_initial_metadata.send_initial_metadata->idx.named
+                .content_encoding == NULL ||
+        grpc_stream_compression_method_parse(
+            GRPC_MDVALUE(
+                op_payload->send_initial_metadata.send_initial_metadata->idx
+                    .named.content_encoding->md),
+            true, &s->stream_compression_method) == 0) {
+      s->stream_compression_method = GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_COMPRESS;
     }
 
     s->send_initial_metadata_finished = add_closure_barrier(on_complete);
@@ -1355,15 +1498,13 @@ static void perform_stream_op_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *stream_op,
           }
         } else {
           GPR_ASSERT(s->id != 0);
-          grpc_chttp2_stream_write_type write_type =
-              GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED;
-          if (op->send_message &&
-              (op->payload->send_message.send_message->flags &
-               GRPC_WRITE_BUFFER_HINT)) {
-            write_type = GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_PIGGYBACK;
+          grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+          if (!(op->send_message &&
+                (op->payload->send_message.send_message->flags &
+                 GRPC_WRITE_BUFFER_HINT))) {
+            grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+                exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA);
           }
-          grpc_chttp2_become_writable(exec_ctx, t, s, write_type,
-                                      "op.send_initial_metadata");
         }
       } else {
         s->send_initial_metadata = NULL;
@@ -1471,9 +1612,9 @@ static void perform_stream_op_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *stream_op,
       } else if (s->id != 0) {
         /* TODO(ctiller): check if there's flow control for any outstanding
            bytes before going writable */
-        grpc_chttp2_become_writable(exec_ctx, t, s,
-                                    GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED,
-                                    "op.send_trailing_metadata");
+        grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+        grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+            exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -1585,23 +1726,28 @@ static void cancel_pings(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
 }
 
-static void send_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
-                             grpc_chttp2_ping_type ping_type,
-                             grpc_closure *on_initiate, grpc_closure *on_ack) {
+static void send_ping_locked(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+    grpc_chttp2_ping_type ping_type, grpc_closure *on_initiate,
+    grpc_closure *on_ack,
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason initiate_write_reason) {
   grpc_chttp2_ping_queue *pq = &t->ping_queues[ping_type];
   grpc_closure_list_append(&pq->lists[GRPC_CHTTP2_PCL_INITIATE], on_initiate,
                            GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
   if (grpc_closure_list_append(&pq->lists[GRPC_CHTTP2_PCL_NEXT], on_ack,
                                GRPC_ERROR_NONE)) {
-    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "send_ping");
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, initiate_write_reason);
   }
 }
 
 static void retry_initiate_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                        grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = tp;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)tp;
   t->ping_state.is_delayed_ping_timer_set = false;
-  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "retry_send_ping");
+  if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                               GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RETRY_SEND_PING);
+  }
 }
 
 void grpc_chttp2_ack_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
@@ -1616,7 +1762,8 @@ void grpc_chttp2_ack_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   }
   GRPC_CLOSURE_LIST_SCHED(exec_ctx, &pq->lists[GRPC_CHTTP2_PCL_INFLIGHT]);
   if (!grpc_closure_list_empty(pq->lists[GRPC_CHTTP2_PCL_NEXT])) {
-    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "continue_pings");
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                               GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CONTINUE_PINGS);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1629,7 +1776,8 @@ static void send_goaway(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                         &slice, &http_error);
   grpc_chttp2_goaway_append(t->last_new_stream_id, (uint32_t)http_error,
                             grpc_slice_ref_internal(slice), &t->qbuf);
-  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "goaway_sent");
+  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                             GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_GOAWAY_SENT);
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
 }
 
@@ -1651,8 +1799,9 @@ void grpc_chttp2_add_ping_strike(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 static void perform_transport_op_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         void *stream_op,
                                         grpc_error *error_ignored) {
-  grpc_transport_op *op = stream_op;
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = op->handler_private.extra_arg;
+  grpc_transport_op *op = (grpc_transport_op *)stream_op;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t =
+      (grpc_chttp2_transport *)op->handler_private.extra_arg;
   grpc_error *close_transport = op->disconnect_with_error;
 
   if (op->goaway_error) {
@@ -1675,7 +1824,8 @@ static void perform_transport_op_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
   if (op->send_ping) {
     send_ping_locked(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_PING_ON_NEXT_WRITE, NULL,
-                     op->send_ping);
+                     op->send_ping,
+                     GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_APPLICATION_PING);
   }
 
   if (op->on_connectivity_state_change != NULL) {
@@ -1751,20 +1901,20 @@ void grpc_chttp2_maybe_complete_recv_message(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                  &s->frame_storage);
           s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed = false;
         }
-        if (s->stream_compression_recv_enabled &&
-            !s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed) {
-          GPR_ASSERT(s->decompressed_data_buffer->length == 0);
+        if (!s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed) {
+          GPR_ASSERT(s->decompressed_data_buffer.length == 0);
           bool end_of_context;
           if (!s->stream_decompression_ctx) {
             s->stream_decompression_ctx =
                 grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
-                    GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_DECOMPRESS);
+                    s->stream_decompression_method);
           }
-          if (!grpc_stream_decompress(s->stream_decompression_ctx,
-                                      &s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer,
-                                      s->decompressed_data_buffer, NULL,
-                                      GRPC_HEADER_SIZE_IN_BYTES,
-                                      &end_of_context)) {
+          if (!grpc_stream_decompress(
+                  s->stream_decompression_ctx,
+                  &s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer,
+                  &s->decompressed_data_buffer, NULL,
+                  GRPC_HEADER_SIZE_IN_BYTES - s->decompressed_header_bytes,
+                  &end_of_context)) {
             grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(exec_ctx,
                                                        &s->frame_storage);
             grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(
@@ -1772,9 +1922,13 @@ void grpc_chttp2_maybe_complete_recv_message(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
             error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
                 "Stream decompression error.");
           } else {
+            s->decompressed_header_bytes += s->decompressed_data_buffer.length;
+            if (s->decompressed_header_bytes == GRPC_HEADER_SIZE_IN_BYTES) {
+              s->decompressed_header_bytes = 0;
+            }
             error = grpc_deframe_unprocessed_incoming_frames(
-                exec_ctx, &s->data_parser, s, s->decompressed_data_buffer, NULL,
-                s->recv_message);
+                exec_ctx, &s->data_parser, s, &s->decompressed_data_buffer,
+                NULL, s->recv_message);
             if (end_of_context) {
               grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy(
                   s->stream_decompression_ctx);
@@ -1823,15 +1977,14 @@ void grpc_chttp2_maybe_complete_recv_trailing_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     }
     bool pending_data = s->pending_byte_stream ||
                         s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer.length > 0;
-    if (s->stream_compression_recv_enabled && s->read_closed &&
-        s->frame_storage.length > 0 && !pending_data && !s->seen_error &&
-        s->recv_trailing_metadata_finished != NULL) {
+    if (s->read_closed && s->frame_storage.length > 0 && !pending_data &&
+        !s->seen_error && s->recv_trailing_metadata_finished != NULL) {
       /* Maybe some SYNC_FLUSH data is left in frame_storage. Consume them and
        * maybe decompress the next 5 bytes in the stream. */
       bool end_of_context;
       if (!s->stream_decompression_ctx) {
         s->stream_decompression_ctx = grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
-            GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_DECOMPRESS);
+            s->stream_decompression_method);
       }
       if (!grpc_stream_decompress(s->stream_decompression_ctx,
                                   &s->frame_storage,
@@ -1844,6 +1997,7 @@ void grpc_chttp2_maybe_complete_recv_trailing_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       } else {
         if (s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer.length > 0) {
           s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed = true;
+          pending_data = true;
         }
         if (end_of_context) {
           grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy(s->stream_decompression_ctx);
@@ -1864,7 +2018,8 @@ void grpc_chttp2_maybe_complete_recv_trailing_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void remove_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                           uint32_t id, grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = grpc_chttp2_stream_map_delete(&t->stream_map, id);
+  grpc_chttp2_stream *s =
+      (grpc_chttp2_stream *)grpc_chttp2_stream_map_delete(&t->stream_map, id);
   GPR_ASSERT(s);
   if (t->incoming_stream == s) {
     t->incoming_stream = NULL;
@@ -1919,7 +2074,8 @@ void grpc_chttp2_cancel_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       grpc_slice_buffer_add(
           &t->qbuf, grpc_chttp2_rst_stream_create(s->id, (uint32_t)http_error,
                                                   &s->stats.outgoing));
-      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "rst_stream");
+      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                                 GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RST_STREAM);
     }
   }
   if (due_to_error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE && !s->seen_error) {
@@ -1995,6 +2151,21 @@ static grpc_error *removal_error(grpc_error *extra_error, grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
   return error;
 }
 
+static void flush_write_list(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+                             grpc_chttp2_stream *s, grpc_chttp2_write_cb **list,
+                             grpc_error *error) {
+  while (*list) {
+    grpc_chttp2_write_cb *cb = *list;
+    *list = cb->next;
+    grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(exec_ctx, t, s, &cb->closure,
+                                      GRPC_ERROR_REF(error),
+                                      "on_write_finished_cb");
+    cb->next = t->write_cb_pool;
+    t->write_cb_pool = cb;
+  }
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+}
+
 void grpc_chttp2_fail_pending_writes(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                      grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                      grpc_chttp2_stream *s, grpc_error *error) {
@@ -2014,16 +2185,9 @@ void grpc_chttp2_fail_pending_writes(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(
       exec_ctx, t, s, &s->fetching_send_message_finished, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error),
       "fetching_send_message_finished");
-  while (s->on_write_finished_cbs) {
-    grpc_chttp2_write_cb *cb = s->on_write_finished_cbs;
-    s->on_write_finished_cbs = cb->next;
-    grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(exec_ctx, t, s, &cb->closure,
-                                      GRPC_ERROR_REF(error),
-                                      "on_write_finished_cb");
-    cb->next = t->write_cb_pool;
-    t->write_cb_pool = cb;
-  }
-  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+  flush_write_list(exec_ctx, t, s, &s->on_write_finished_cbs,
+                   GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  flush_write_list(exec_ctx, t, s, &s->on_flow_controlled_cbs, error);
 }
 
 void grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -2232,7 +2396,8 @@ static void close_from_api(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                               &s->stats.outgoing));
 
   grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(exec_ctx, t, s, 1, 1, error);
-  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "close_from_api");
+  grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                             GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CLOSE_FROM_API);
 }
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -2242,8 +2407,8 @@ typedef struct {
 } cancel_stream_cb_args;
 
 static void cancel_stream_cb(void *user_data, uint32_t key, void *stream) {
-  cancel_stream_cb_args *args = user_data;
-  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = stream;
+  cancel_stream_cb_args *args = (cancel_stream_cb_args *)user_data;
+  grpc_chttp2_stream *s = (grpc_chttp2_stream *)stream;
   grpc_chttp2_cancel_stream(args->exec_ctx, args->t, s,
                             GRPC_ERROR_REF(args->error));
 }
@@ -2267,21 +2432,20 @@ void grpc_chttp2_act_on_flowctl_action(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_NO_ACTION_NEEDED:
       break;
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_UPDATE_IMMEDIATELY:
-      grpc_chttp2_become_writable(exec_ctx, t, s,
-                                  GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED,
-                                  "immediate stream flowctl");
+      grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+          exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL);
       break;
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_QUEUE_UPDATE:
-      grpc_chttp2_become_writable(exec_ctx, t, s,
-                                  GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_PIGGYBACK,
-                                  "queue stream flowctl");
+      grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
       break;
   }
   switch (action.send_transport_update) {
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_NO_ACTION_NEEDED:
       break;
     case GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_UPDATE_IMMEDIATELY:
-      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "immediate transport flowctl");
+      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+          exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL);
       break;
     // this is the same as no action b/c every time the transport enters the
     // writing path it will maybe do an update
@@ -2299,7 +2463,8 @@ void grpc_chttp2_act_on_flowctl_action(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                            (uint32_t)action.max_frame_size);
     }
     if (action.send_setting_update == GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_UPDATE_IMMEDIATELY) {
-      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "immediate setting update");
+      grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                                 GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_SETTINGS);
     }
   }
   if (action.need_ping) {
@@ -2307,7 +2472,8 @@ void grpc_chttp2_act_on_flowctl_action(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     grpc_bdp_estimator_schedule_ping(&t->flow_control.bdp_estimator);
     send_ping_locked(exec_ctx, t,
                      GRPC_CHTTP2_PING_BEFORE_TRANSPORT_WINDOW_UPDATE,
-                     &t->start_bdp_ping_locked, &t->finish_bdp_ping_locked);
+                     &t->start_bdp_ping_locked, &t->finish_bdp_ping_locked,
+                     GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING);
   }
 }
 
@@ -2345,7 +2511,7 @@ static void read_action_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                grpc_error *error) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("reading_action_locked", 0);
 
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = tp;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)tp;
 
   GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);
 
@@ -2386,9 +2552,10 @@ static void read_action_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
       if (t->flow_control.initial_window_update > 0) {
         grpc_chttp2_stream *s;
         while (grpc_chttp2_list_pop_stalled_by_stream(t, &s)) {
-          grpc_chttp2_become_writable(
-              exec_ctx, t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_UNCOVERED,
-              "unstalled");
+          grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+          grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+              exec_ctx, t,
+              GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING);
         }
       }
       t->flow_control.initial_window_update = 0;
@@ -2430,7 +2597,7 @@ static void read_action_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
 
 static void start_bdp_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                   grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = tp;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)tp;
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_http_trace)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%s: Start BDP ping", t->peer_string);
   }
@@ -2443,7 +2610,7 @@ static void start_bdp_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
 
 static void finish_bdp_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tp,
                                    grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = tp;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)tp;
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_http_trace)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%s: Complete BDP ping", t->peer_string);
   }
@@ -2485,6 +2652,36 @@ void grpc_chttp2_config_default_keepalive_args(grpc_channel_args *args,
                 &args->args[i],
                 (grpc_integer_options){g_default_keepalive_permit_without_calls,
                                        0, 1});
+      } else if (0 ==
+                 strcmp(args->args[i].key, GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PING_STRIKES)) {
+        g_default_max_ping_strikes = grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
+            &args->args[i],
+            (grpc_integer_options){g_default_max_ping_strikes, 0, INT_MAX});
+      } else if (0 == strcmp(args->args[i].key,
+                             GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PINGS_WITHOUT_DATA)) {
+        g_default_max_pings_without_data = grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
+            &args->args[i], (grpc_integer_options){
+                                g_default_max_pings_without_data, 0, INT_MAX});
+      } else if (0 ==
+                 strcmp(
+                     args->args[i].key,
+                     GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MIN_SENT_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS)) {
+        g_default_min_sent_ping_interval_without_data_ms =
+            grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
+                &args->args[i],
+                (grpc_integer_options){
+                    g_default_min_sent_ping_interval_without_data_ms, 0,
+                    INT_MAX});
+      } else if (0 ==
+                 strcmp(
+                     args->args[i].key,
+                     GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MIN_RECV_PING_INTERVAL_WITHOUT_DATA_MS)) {
+        g_default_min_recv_ping_interval_without_data_ms =
+            grpc_channel_arg_get_integer(
+                &args->args[i],
+                (grpc_integer_options){
+                    g_default_min_recv_ping_interval_without_data_ms, 0,
+                    INT_MAX});
       }
     }
   }
@@ -2492,7 +2689,7 @@ void grpc_chttp2_config_default_keepalive_args(grpc_channel_args *args,
 
 static void init_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                        grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = arg;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)arg;
   GPR_ASSERT(t->keepalive_state == GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_WAITING);
   if (t->destroying || t->closed) {
     t->keepalive_state = GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_DYING;
@@ -2503,7 +2700,8 @@ static void init_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
       GRPC_CHTTP2_REF_TRANSPORT(t, "keepalive ping end");
       send_ping_locked(exec_ctx, t, GRPC_CHTTP2_PING_ON_NEXT_WRITE,
                        &t->start_keepalive_ping_locked,
-                       &t->finish_keepalive_ping_locked);
+                       &t->finish_keepalive_ping_locked,
+                       GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_KEEPALIVE_PING);
     } else {
       GRPC_CHTTP2_REF_TRANSPORT(t, "init keepalive ping");
       grpc_timer_init(
@@ -2524,7 +2722,7 @@ static void init_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
 
 static void start_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                         grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = arg;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)arg;
   GRPC_CHTTP2_REF_TRANSPORT(t, "keepalive watchdog");
   grpc_timer_init(
       exec_ctx, &t->keepalive_watchdog_timer,
@@ -2534,7 +2732,7 @@ static void start_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
 
 static void finish_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                          grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = arg;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)arg;
   if (t->keepalive_state == GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_PINGING) {
     if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
       t->keepalive_state = GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_WAITING;
@@ -2551,7 +2749,7 @@ static void finish_keepalive_ping_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
 
 static void keepalive_watchdog_fired_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                             grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = arg;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)arg;
   if (t->keepalive_state == GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_PINGING) {
     if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
       t->keepalive_state = GRPC_CHTTP2_KEEPALIVE_STATE_DYING;
@@ -2618,7 +2816,7 @@ static void reset_byte_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
     GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(s->byte_stream_error);
     s->byte_stream_error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
     grpc_chttp2_cancel_stream(exec_ctx, s->t, s, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
-    s->byte_stream_error = error;
+    s->byte_stream_error = GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);
   }
 }
 
@@ -2632,7 +2830,8 @@ static void incoming_byte_stream_unref(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 static void incoming_byte_stream_next_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                              void *argp,
                                              grpc_error *error_ignored) {
-  grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *bs = argp;
+  grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *bs =
+      (grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *)argp;
   grpc_chttp2_transport *t = bs->transport;
   grpc_chttp2_stream *s = bs->stream;
 
@@ -2715,24 +2914,23 @@ static grpc_error *incoming_byte_stream_pull(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_error *error;
 
   if (s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer.length > 0) {
-    if (s->stream_compression_recv_enabled &&
-        !s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed) {
+    if (!s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed) {
       bool end_of_context;
       if (!s->stream_decompression_ctx) {
         s->stream_decompression_ctx = grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
-            GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_DECOMPRESS);
+            s->stream_decompression_method);
       }
       if (!grpc_stream_decompress(s->stream_decompression_ctx,
                                   &s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer,
-                                  s->decompressed_data_buffer, NULL, MAX_SIZE_T,
-                                  &end_of_context)) {
+                                  &s->decompressed_data_buffer, NULL,
+                                  MAX_SIZE_T, &end_of_context)) {
         error =
             GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Stream decompression error.");
         return error;
       }
       GPR_ASSERT(s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer.length == 0);
       grpc_slice_buffer_swap(&s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer,
-                             s->decompressed_data_buffer);
+                             &s->decompressed_data_buffer);
       s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed = true;
       if (end_of_context) {
         grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy(s->stream_decompression_ctx);
@@ -2842,7 +3040,8 @@ static const grpc_byte_stream_vtable grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream_vtable = {
 static void incoming_byte_stream_destroy_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                                 void *byte_stream,
                                                 grpc_error *error_ignored) {
-  grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *bs = byte_stream;
+  grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *bs =
+      (grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *)byte_stream;
   grpc_chttp2_stream *s = bs->stream;
   grpc_chttp2_transport *t = s->t;
 
@@ -2857,7 +3056,8 @@ grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream_create(
     grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t, grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
     uint32_t frame_size, uint32_t flags) {
   grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *incoming_byte_stream =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(*incoming_byte_stream));
+      (grpc_chttp2_incoming_byte_stream *)gpr_malloc(
+          sizeof(*incoming_byte_stream));
   incoming_byte_stream->base.length = frame_size;
   incoming_byte_stream->remaining_bytes = frame_size;
   incoming_byte_stream->base.flags = flags;
@@ -2898,7 +3098,7 @@ static void post_destructive_reclaimer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void benign_reclaimer_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                     grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = arg;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)arg;
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE &&
       grpc_chttp2_stream_map_size(&t->stream_map) == 0) {
     /* Channel with no active streams: send a goaway to try and make it
@@ -2928,11 +3128,12 @@ static void benign_reclaimer_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
 
 static void destructive_reclaimer_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                          grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = arg;
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = (grpc_chttp2_transport *)arg;
   size_t n = grpc_chttp2_stream_map_size(&t->stream_map);
   t->destructive_reclaimer_registered = false;
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE && n > 0) {
-    grpc_chttp2_stream *s = grpc_chttp2_stream_map_rand(&t->stream_map);
+    grpc_chttp2_stream *s =
+        (grpc_chttp2_stream *)grpc_chttp2_stream_map_rand(&t->stream_map);
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_resource_quota_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "HTTP2: %s - abandon stream id %d", t->peer_string,
               s->id);
@@ -2960,6 +3161,56 @@ static void destructive_reclaimer_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
 /*******************************************************************************
  * MONITORING
  */
+
+const char *grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason_string(
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason reason) {
+  switch (reason) {
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_INITIAL_WRITE:
+      return "INITIAL_WRITE";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_START_NEW_STREAM:
+      return "START_NEW_STREAM";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_MESSAGE:
+      return "SEND_MESSAGE";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA:
+      return "SEND_INITIAL_METADATA";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA:
+      return "SEND_TRAILING_METADATA";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RETRY_SEND_PING:
+      return "RETRY_SEND_PING";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CONTINUE_PINGS:
+      return "CONTINUE_PINGS";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_GOAWAY_SENT:
+      return "GOAWAY_SENT";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RST_STREAM:
+      return "RST_STREAM";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CLOSE_FROM_API:
+      return "CLOSE_FROM_API";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL:
+      return "STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL:
+      return "TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_SETTINGS:
+      return "SEND_SETTINGS";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING:
+      return "BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING:
+      return "FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE:
+      return "FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_APPLICATION_PING:
+      return "APPLICATION_PING";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_KEEPALIVE_PING:
+      return "KEEPALIVE_PING";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED:
+      return "TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_PING_RESPONSE:
+      return "PING_RESPONSE";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FORCE_RST_STREAM:
+      return "FORCE_RST_STREAM";
+  }
+  GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return "unknown");
+}
+
 static grpc_endpoint *chttp2_get_endpoint(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                           grpc_transport *t) {
   return ((grpc_chttp2_transport *)t)->ep;
@@ -2976,10 +3227,13 @@ static const grpc_transport_vtable vtable = {sizeof(grpc_chttp2_stream),
                                              destroy_transport,
                                              chttp2_get_endpoint};
 
+static const grpc_transport_vtable *get_vtable(void) { return &vtable; }
+
 grpc_transport *grpc_create_chttp2_transport(
     grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, const grpc_channel_args *channel_args,
     grpc_endpoint *ep, int is_client) {
-  grpc_chttp2_transport *t = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_chttp2_transport));
+  grpc_chttp2_transport *t =
+      (grpc_chttp2_transport *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_chttp2_transport));
   init_transport(exec_ctx, t, channel_args, ep, is_client != 0);
   return &t->base;
 }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.h b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.h
index 0c4e2a91c0..55fb1a8343 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.h
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/chttp2_transport.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 extern grpc_tracer_flag grpc_http_trace;
 extern grpc_tracer_flag grpc_flowctl_trace;
+extern grpc_tracer_flag grpc_trace_http2_stream_state;
 
 #ifndef NDEBUG
 extern grpc_tracer_flag grpc_trace_chttp2_refcount;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/flow_control.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/flow_control.c
index cec99f6fb6..569a6349d3 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/flow_control.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/flow_control.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h"
 
+#include <limits.h>
 #include <math.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -59,24 +60,24 @@ static void pretrace(shadow_flow_control* shadow_fc,
 
 #define TRACE_PADDING 30
 
-static char* fmt_int64_diff_str(int64_t old, int64_t new) {
+static char* fmt_int64_diff_str(int64_t old_val, int64_t new_val) {
   char* str;
-  if (old != new) {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRId64 " -> %" PRId64 "", old, new);
+  if (old_val != new_val) {
+    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRId64 " -> %" PRId64 "", old_val, new_val);
   } else {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRId64 "", old);
+    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRId64 "", old_val);
   }
   char* str_lp = gpr_leftpad(str, ' ', TRACE_PADDING);
   gpr_free(str);
   return str_lp;
 }
 
-static char* fmt_uint32_diff_str(uint32_t old, uint32_t new) {
+static char* fmt_uint32_diff_str(uint32_t old_val, uint32_t new_val) {
   char* str;
-  if (new > 0 && old != new) {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRIu32 " -> %" PRIu32 "", old, new);
+  if (new_val > 0 && old_val != new_val) {
+    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRIu32 " -> %" PRIu32 "", old_val, new_val);
   } else {
-    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRIu32 "", old);
+    gpr_asprintf(&str, "%" PRIu32 "", old_val);
   }
   char* str_lp = gpr_leftpad(str, ' ', TRACE_PADDING);
   gpr_free(str);
@@ -483,7 +484,8 @@ grpc_chttp2_flowctl_action grpc_chttp2_flowctl_get_bdp_action(
     if (grpc_bdp_estimator_get_bw(&tfc->bdp_estimator, &bw_dbl)) {
       // we target the max of BDP or bandwidth in microseconds.
       int32_t frame_size = (int32_t)GPR_CLAMP(
-          GPR_MAX((int32_t)bw_dbl / 1000, bdp), 16384, 16777215);
+          GPR_MAX((int32_t)GPR_CLAMP(bw_dbl, 0, INT_MAX) / 1000, bdp), 16384,
+          16777215);
       grpc_chttp2_flowctl_urgency frame_size_urgency = delta_is_significant(
           tfc, frame_size, GRPC_CHTTP2_SETTINGS_MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
       if (frame_size_urgency != GRPC_CHTTP2_FLOWCTL_NO_ACTION_NEEDED) {
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_data.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_data.c
index 222d2177b2..73aaab1802 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_data.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_data.c
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_deframe_unprocessed_incoming_frames(
 
         if (cur != end) {
           grpc_slice_buffer_undo_take_first(
-              &s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer,
+              slices,
               grpc_slice_sub(slice, (size_t)(cur - beg), (size_t)(end - beg)));
         }
         grpc_slice_unref_internal(exec_ctx, slice);
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_deframe_unprocessed_incoming_frames(
           p->state = GRPC_CHTTP2_DATA_FH_0;
           cur += p->frame_size;
           grpc_slice_buffer_undo_take_first(
-              &s->unprocessed_incoming_frames_buffer,
+              slices,
               grpc_slice_sub(slice, (size_t)(cur - beg), (size_t)(end - beg)));
           grpc_slice_unref_internal(exec_ctx, slice);
           return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_ping.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_ping.c
index 582fd7bfaa..d431d6b2df 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_ping.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_ping.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_ping_parser_parse(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *parser,
         gpr_timespec now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
         gpr_timespec next_allowed_ping =
             gpr_time_add(t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time,
-                         t->ping_policy.min_ping_interval_without_data);
+                         t->ping_policy.min_recv_ping_interval_without_data);
 
         if (t->keepalive_permit_without_calls == 0 &&
             grpc_chttp2_stream_map_size(&t->stream_map) == 0) {
@@ -117,7 +117,8 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_ping_parser_parse(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *parser,
               t->ping_acks, t->ping_ack_capacity * sizeof(*t->ping_acks));
         }
         t->ping_acks[t->ping_ack_count++] = p->opaque_8bytes;
-        grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "ping response");
+        grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                                   GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_PING_RESPONSE);
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_settings.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_settings.c
index 806100adaa..2995bf7310 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_settings.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_settings.c
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ static uint8_t *fill_header(uint8_t *out, uint32_t length, uint8_t flags) {
   return out;
 }
 
-grpc_slice grpc_chttp2_settings_create(uint32_t *old, const uint32_t *new,
+grpc_slice grpc_chttp2_settings_create(uint32_t *old_settings,
+                                       const uint32_t *new_settings,
                                        uint32_t force_mask, size_t count) {
   size_t i;
   uint32_t n = 0;
@@ -52,21 +53,21 @@ grpc_slice grpc_chttp2_settings_create(uint32_t *old, const uint32_t *new,
   uint8_t *p;
 
   for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-    n += (new[i] != old[i] || (force_mask & (1u << i)) != 0);
+    n += (new_settings[i] != old_settings[i] || (force_mask & (1u << i)) != 0);
   }
 
   output = GRPC_SLICE_MALLOC(9 + 6 * n);
   p = fill_header(GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(output), 6 * n, 0);
 
   for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-    if (new[i] != old[i] || (force_mask & (1u << i)) != 0) {
+    if (new_settings[i] != old_settings[i] || (force_mask & (1u << i)) != 0) {
       *p++ = (uint8_t)(grpc_setting_id_to_wire_id[i] >> 8);
       *p++ = (uint8_t)(grpc_setting_id_to_wire_id[i]);
-      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new[i] >> 24);
-      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new[i] >> 16);
-      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new[i] >> 8);
-      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new[i]);
-      old[i] = new[i];
+      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new_settings[i] >> 24);
+      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new_settings[i] >> 16);
+      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new_settings[i] >> 8);
+      *p++ = (uint8_t)(new_settings[i]);
+      old_settings[i] = new_settings[i];
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_window_update.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_window_update.c
index dc166093a7..c9ab8d1b50 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_window_update.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/frame_window_update.c
@@ -99,9 +99,10 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_window_update_parser_parse(
         grpc_chttp2_flowctl_recv_stream_update(
             &t->flow_control, &s->flow_control, received_update);
         if (grpc_chttp2_list_remove_stalled_by_stream(t, s)) {
-          grpc_chttp2_become_writable(
-              exec_ctx, t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_UNCOVERED,
-              "stream.read_flow_control");
+          grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(exec_ctx, t, s);
+          grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+              exec_ctx, t,
+              GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE);
         }
       }
     } else {
@@ -110,7 +111,9 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_window_update_parser_parse(
                                                 received_update);
       bool is_zero = t->flow_control.remote_window <= 0;
       if (was_zero && !is_zero) {
-        grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "new_global_flow_control");
+        grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(
+            exec_ctx, t,
+            GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED);
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_encoder.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_encoder.c
index 3cd1a7ee5c..a404b664e3 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_encoder.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_encoder.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/bin_encoder.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_table.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/varint.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_string_helpers.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/transport/metadata.h"
@@ -51,8 +52,10 @@
 #define MAX_DECODER_SPACE_USAGE 512
 
 static grpc_slice_refcount terminal_slice_refcount = {NULL, NULL};
-static const grpc_slice terminal_slice = {&terminal_slice_refcount,
-                                          .data.refcounted = {0, 0}};
+static const grpc_slice terminal_slice = {
+    &terminal_slice_refcount, /* refcount */
+    {{0, 0}}                  /* data.refcounted */
+};
 
 extern grpc_tracer_flag grpc_http_trace;
 
@@ -269,8 +272,10 @@ static void add_elem(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   }
 }
 
-static void emit_indexed(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c, uint32_t elem_index,
+static void emit_indexed(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                         grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c, uint32_t elem_index,
                          framer_state *st) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_INDEXED(exec_ctx);
   uint32_t len = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(elem_index, 1);
   GRPC_CHTTP2_WRITE_VARINT(elem_index, 1, 0x80, add_tiny_header_data(st, len),
                            len);
@@ -282,30 +287,31 @@ typedef struct {
   bool insert_null_before_wire_value;
 } wire_value;
 
-static wire_value get_wire_value(grpc_mdelem elem, bool true_binary_enabled) {
+static wire_value get_wire_value(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_mdelem elem,
+                                 bool true_binary_enabled) {
+  wire_value wire_val;
   if (grpc_is_binary_header(GRPC_MDKEY(elem))) {
     if (true_binary_enabled) {
-      return (wire_value){
-          .huffman_prefix = 0x00,
-          .insert_null_before_wire_value = true,
-          .data = grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDVALUE(elem)),
-      };
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_BINARY(exec_ctx);
+      wire_val.huffman_prefix = 0x00;
+      wire_val.insert_null_before_wire_value = true;
+      wire_val.data = grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDVALUE(elem));
+
     } else {
-      return (wire_value){
-          .huffman_prefix = 0x80,
-          .insert_null_before_wire_value = false,
-          .data = grpc_chttp2_base64_encode_and_huffman_compress(
-              GRPC_MDVALUE(elem)),
-      };
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_BINARY_BASE64(exec_ctx);
+      wire_val.huffman_prefix = 0x80;
+      wire_val.insert_null_before_wire_value = false;
+      wire_val.data =
+          grpc_chttp2_base64_encode_and_huffman_compress(GRPC_MDVALUE(elem));
     }
   } else {
     /* TODO(ctiller): opportunistically compress non-binary headers */
-    return (wire_value){
-        .huffman_prefix = 0x00,
-        .insert_null_before_wire_value = false,
-        .data = grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDVALUE(elem)),
-    };
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx);
+    wire_val.huffman_prefix = 0x00;
+    wire_val.insert_null_before_wire_value = false;
+    wire_val.data = grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDVALUE(elem));
   }
+  return wire_val;
 }
 
 static size_t wire_value_length(wire_value v) {
@@ -317,11 +323,14 @@ static void add_wire_value(framer_state *st, wire_value v) {
   add_header_data(st, v.data);
 }
 
-static void emit_lithdr_incidx(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
+static void emit_lithdr_incidx(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                               grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
                                uint32_t key_index, grpc_mdelem elem,
                                framer_state *st) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX(exec_ctx);
   uint32_t len_pfx = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(key_index, 2);
-  wire_value value = get_wire_value(elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
+  wire_value value =
+      get_wire_value(exec_ctx, elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
   size_t len_val = wire_value_length(value);
   uint32_t len_val_len;
   GPR_ASSERT(len_val <= UINT32_MAX);
@@ -333,11 +342,14 @@ static void emit_lithdr_incidx(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   add_wire_value(st, value);
 }
 
-static void emit_lithdr_noidx(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
+static void emit_lithdr_noidx(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                              grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
                               uint32_t key_index, grpc_mdelem elem,
                               framer_state *st) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX(exec_ctx);
   uint32_t len_pfx = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(key_index, 4);
-  wire_value value = get_wire_value(elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
+  wire_value value =
+      get_wire_value(exec_ctx, elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
   size_t len_val = wire_value_length(value);
   uint32_t len_val_len;
   GPR_ASSERT(len_val <= UINT32_MAX);
@@ -349,10 +361,14 @@ static void emit_lithdr_noidx(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   add_wire_value(st, value);
 }
 
-static void emit_lithdr_incidx_v(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
+static void emit_lithdr_incidx_v(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                 grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
                                  grpc_mdelem elem, framer_state *st) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX_V(exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx);
   uint32_t len_key = (uint32_t)GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(GRPC_MDKEY(elem));
-  wire_value value = get_wire_value(elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
+  wire_value value =
+      get_wire_value(exec_ctx, elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
   uint32_t len_val = (uint32_t)wire_value_length(value);
   uint32_t len_key_len = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(len_key, 1);
   uint32_t len_val_len = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(len_val, 1);
@@ -367,10 +383,14 @@ static void emit_lithdr_incidx_v(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   add_wire_value(st, value);
 }
 
-static void emit_lithdr_noidx_v(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
+static void emit_lithdr_noidx_v(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
                                 grpc_mdelem elem, framer_state *st) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V(exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx);
   uint32_t len_key = (uint32_t)GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(GRPC_MDKEY(elem));
-  wire_value value = get_wire_value(elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
+  wire_value value =
+      get_wire_value(exec_ctx, elem, st->use_true_binary_metadata);
   uint32_t len_val = (uint32_t)wire_value_length(value);
   uint32_t len_key_len = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(len_key, 1);
   uint32_t len_val_len = GRPC_CHTTP2_VARINT_LENGTH(len_val, 1);
@@ -423,7 +443,7 @@ static void hpack_enc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
     gpr_free(v);
   }
   if (!GRPC_MDELEM_IS_INTERNED(elem)) {
-    emit_lithdr_noidx_v(c, elem, st);
+    emit_lithdr_noidx_v(exec_ctx, c, elem, st);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -445,16 +465,16 @@ static void hpack_enc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   if (grpc_mdelem_eq(c->entries_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_2(elem_hash)], elem) &&
       c->indices_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_2(elem_hash)] > c->tail_remote_index) {
     /* HIT: complete element (first cuckoo hash) */
-    emit_indexed(c, dynidx(c, c->indices_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_2(elem_hash)]),
-                 st);
+    emit_indexed(exec_ctx, c,
+                 dynidx(c, c->indices_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_2(elem_hash)]), st);
     return;
   }
 
   if (grpc_mdelem_eq(c->entries_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_3(elem_hash)], elem) &&
       c->indices_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_3(elem_hash)] > c->tail_remote_index) {
     /* HIT: complete element (second cuckoo hash) */
-    emit_indexed(c, dynidx(c, c->indices_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_3(elem_hash)]),
-                 st);
+    emit_indexed(exec_ctx, c,
+                 dynidx(c, c->indices_elems[HASH_FRAGMENT_3(elem_hash)]), st);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -472,11 +492,11 @@ static void hpack_enc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
       indices_key > c->tail_remote_index) {
     /* HIT: key (first cuckoo hash) */
     if (should_add_elem) {
-      emit_lithdr_incidx(c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
+      emit_lithdr_incidx(exec_ctx, c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
       add_elem(exec_ctx, c, elem);
       return;
     } else {
-      emit_lithdr_noidx(c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
+      emit_lithdr_noidx(exec_ctx, c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
       return;
     }
     GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return );
@@ -488,11 +508,11 @@ static void hpack_enc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
       indices_key > c->tail_remote_index) {
     /* HIT: key (first cuckoo hash) */
     if (should_add_elem) {
-      emit_lithdr_incidx(c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
+      emit_lithdr_incidx(exec_ctx, c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
       add_elem(exec_ctx, c, elem);
       return;
     } else {
-      emit_lithdr_noidx(c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
+      emit_lithdr_noidx(exec_ctx, c, dynidx(c, indices_key), elem, st);
       return;
     }
     GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return );
@@ -501,11 +521,11 @@ static void hpack_enc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   /* no elem, key in the table... fall back to literal emission */
 
   if (should_add_elem) {
-    emit_lithdr_incidx_v(c, elem, st);
+    emit_lithdr_incidx_v(exec_ctx, c, elem, st);
     add_elem(exec_ctx, c, elem);
     return;
   } else {
-    emit_lithdr_noidx_v(c, elem, st);
+    emit_lithdr_noidx_v(exec_ctx, c, elem, st);
     return;
   }
   GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return );
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_parser.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_parser.c
index 82ff2c8e2c..3d1df19bc3 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_parser.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/hpack_parser.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/useful.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/bin_encoder.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/profiling/timers.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/support/string.h"
@@ -777,8 +778,7 @@ static grpc_error *parse_stream_dep0(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   return parse_stream_dep1(exec_ctx, p, cur + 1, end);
 }
 
-/* emit an indexed field; for now just logs it to console; jumps to
-   begin the next field on completion */
+/* emit an indexed field; jumps to begin the next field on completion */
 static grpc_error *finish_indexed_field(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser *p,
                                         const uint8_t *cur,
@@ -792,6 +792,7 @@ static grpc_error *finish_indexed_field(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         GRPC_ERROR_INT_SIZE, (intptr_t)p->table.num_ents);
   }
   GRPC_MDELEM_REF(md);
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_INDEXED(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(exec_ctx, p, md, 0);
   if (err != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return err;
   return parse_begin(exec_ctx, p, cur, end);
@@ -820,14 +821,14 @@ static grpc_error *parse_indexed_field_x(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   return parse_value0(exec_ctx, p, cur + 1, end);
 }
 
-/* finish a literal header with incremental indexing: just log, and jump to '
-   begin */
+/* finish a literal header with incremental indexing */
 static grpc_error *finish_lithdr_incidx(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser *p,
                                         const uint8_t *cur,
                                         const uint8_t *end) {
   grpc_mdelem md = grpc_chttp2_hptbl_lookup(&p->table, p->index);
   GPR_ASSERT(!GRPC_MDISNULL(md)); /* handled in string parsing */
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(
       exec_ctx, p,
       grpc_mdelem_from_slices(exec_ctx, grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDKEY(md)),
@@ -842,6 +843,7 @@ static grpc_error *finish_lithdr_incidx_v(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                           grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser *p,
                                           const uint8_t *cur,
                                           const uint8_t *end) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX_V(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(
       exec_ctx, p,
       grpc_mdelem_from_slices(exec_ctx, take_string(exec_ctx, p, &p->key, true),
@@ -898,6 +900,7 @@ static grpc_error *finish_lithdr_notidx(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         const uint8_t *end) {
   grpc_mdelem md = grpc_chttp2_hptbl_lookup(&p->table, p->index);
   GPR_ASSERT(!GRPC_MDISNULL(md)); /* handled in string parsing */
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(
       exec_ctx, p,
       grpc_mdelem_from_slices(exec_ctx, grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDKEY(md)),
@@ -912,6 +915,7 @@ static grpc_error *finish_lithdr_notidx_v(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                           grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser *p,
                                           const uint8_t *cur,
                                           const uint8_t *end) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(
       exec_ctx, p,
       grpc_mdelem_from_slices(exec_ctx, take_string(exec_ctx, p, &p->key, true),
@@ -968,6 +972,7 @@ static grpc_error *finish_lithdr_nvridx(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         const uint8_t *end) {
   grpc_mdelem md = grpc_chttp2_hptbl_lookup(&p->table, p->index);
   GPR_ASSERT(!GRPC_MDISNULL(md)); /* handled in string parsing */
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(
       exec_ctx, p,
       grpc_mdelem_from_slices(exec_ctx, grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDKEY(md)),
@@ -982,6 +987,7 @@ static grpc_error *finish_lithdr_nvridx_v(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                           grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser *p,
                                           const uint8_t *cur,
                                           const uint8_t *end) {
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *err = on_hdr(
       exec_ctx, p,
       grpc_mdelem_from_slices(exec_ctx, take_string(exec_ctx, p, &p->key, true),
@@ -1310,9 +1316,11 @@ static grpc_error *append_string(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         /* 'true-binary' case */
         ++cur;
         p->binary = NOT_BINARY;
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_BINARY(exec_ctx);
         append_bytes(str, cur, (size_t)(end - cur));
         return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
       }
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_BINARY_BASE64(exec_ctx);
     /* fallthrough */
     b64_byte0:
     case B64_BYTE0:
@@ -1510,6 +1518,7 @@ static grpc_error *begin_parse_string(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                       grpc_chttp2_hpack_parser_string *str) {
   if (!p->huff && binary == NOT_BINARY && (end - cur) >= (intptr_t)p->strlen &&
       p->current_slice_refcount != NULL) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx);
     str->copied = false;
     str->data.referenced.refcount = p->current_slice_refcount;
     str->data.referenced.data.refcounted.bytes = (uint8_t *)cur;
@@ -1523,6 +1532,20 @@ static grpc_error *begin_parse_string(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   p->parsing.str = str;
   p->huff_state = 0;
   p->binary = binary;
+  switch (p->binary) {
+    case NOT_BINARY:
+      if (p->huff) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_HUFFMAN(exec_ctx);
+      } else {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx);
+      }
+      break;
+    case BINARY_BEGIN:
+      /* stats incremented later: don't know true binary or not */
+      break;
+    default:
+      abort();
+  }
   return parse_string(exec_ctx, p, cur, end);
 }
 
@@ -1649,7 +1672,8 @@ static void force_client_rst_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *sp,
     grpc_slice_buffer_add(
         &t->qbuf, grpc_chttp2_rst_stream_create(s->id, GRPC_HTTP2_NO_ERROR,
                                                 &s->stats.outgoing));
-    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "force_rst_stream");
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t,
+                               GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FORCE_RST_STREAM);
     grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(exec_ctx, t, s, true, true, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
   }
   GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_UNREF(exec_ctx, s, "final_rst");
@@ -1659,17 +1683,12 @@ static void parse_stream_compression_md(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                         grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                         grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
                                         grpc_metadata_batch *initial_metadata) {
-  if (initial_metadata->idx.named.content_encoding != NULL) {
-    grpc_slice content_encoding =
-        GRPC_MDVALUE(initial_metadata->idx.named.content_encoding->md);
-    if (!grpc_slice_eq(content_encoding, GRPC_MDSTR_IDENTITY)) {
-      if (grpc_slice_eq(content_encoding, GRPC_MDSTR_GZIP)) {
-        s->stream_compression_recv_enabled = true;
-        s->decompressed_data_buffer =
-            (grpc_slice_buffer *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_slice_buffer));
-        grpc_slice_buffer_init(s->decompressed_data_buffer);
-      }
-    }
+  if (initial_metadata->idx.named.content_encoding == NULL ||
+      grpc_stream_compression_method_parse(
+          GRPC_MDVALUE(initial_metadata->idx.named.content_encoding->md), false,
+          &s->stream_decompression_method) == 0) {
+    s->stream_decompression_method =
+        GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_DECOMPRESS;
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/incoming_metadata.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/incoming_metadata.c
index cf0a9ca920..ba680a89db 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/incoming_metadata.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/incoming_metadata.c
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_incoming_metadata_buffer_add(
     grpc_mdelem elem) {
   buffer->size += GRPC_MDELEM_LENGTH(elem);
   return grpc_metadata_batch_add_tail(
-      exec_ctx, &buffer->batch,
-      gpr_arena_alloc(buffer->arena, sizeof(grpc_linked_mdelem)), elem);
+      exec_ctx, &buffer->batch, (grpc_linked_mdelem *)gpr_arena_alloc(
+                                    buffer->arena, sizeof(grpc_linked_mdelem)),
+      elem);
 }
 
 grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_incoming_metadata_buffer_replace_or_add(
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h
index 9fff30d54f..49022155aa 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/internal.h
@@ -79,16 +79,43 @@ typedef enum {
   GRPC_CHTTP2_PCL_COUNT /* must be last */
 } grpc_chttp2_ping_closure_list;
 
+typedef enum {
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_INITIAL_WRITE,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_START_NEW_STREAM,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_MESSAGE,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RETRY_SEND_PING,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CONTINUE_PINGS,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_GOAWAY_SENT,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_RST_STREAM,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_CLOSE_FROM_API,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_SEND_SETTINGS,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_APPLICATION_PING,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_KEEPALIVE_PING,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_PING_RESPONSE,
+  GRPC_CHTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_FORCE_RST_STREAM,
+} grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason;
+
+const char *grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason_string(
+    grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason reason);
+
 typedef struct {
   grpc_closure_list lists[GRPC_CHTTP2_PCL_COUNT];
   uint64_t inflight_id;
 } grpc_chttp2_ping_queue;
 
 typedef struct {
-  gpr_timespec min_time_between_pings;
   int max_pings_without_data;
   int max_ping_strikes;
-  gpr_timespec min_ping_interval_without_data;
+  gpr_timespec min_sent_ping_interval_without_data;
+  gpr_timespec min_recv_ping_interval_without_data;
 } grpc_chttp2_repeated_ping_policy;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -262,6 +289,10 @@ struct grpc_chttp2_transport {
 
   /** write execution state of the transport */
   grpc_chttp2_write_state write_state;
+  /** is this the first write in a series of writes?
+      set when we initiate writing from idle, cleared when we
+      initiate writing from writing+more */
+  bool is_first_write_in_batch;
 
   /** is the transport destroying itself? */
   uint8_t destroying;
@@ -483,6 +514,7 @@ struct grpc_chttp2_stream {
   grpc_slice fetching_slice;
   int64_t next_message_end_offset;
   int64_t flow_controlled_bytes_written;
+  int64_t flow_controlled_bytes_flowed;
   grpc_closure complete_fetch_locked;
   grpc_closure *fetching_send_message_finished;
 
@@ -555,29 +587,32 @@ struct grpc_chttp2_stream {
 
   grpc_slice_buffer flow_controlled_buffer;
 
+  grpc_chttp2_write_cb *on_flow_controlled_cbs;
   grpc_chttp2_write_cb *on_write_finished_cbs;
   grpc_chttp2_write_cb *finish_after_write;
   size_t sending_bytes;
 
-  /** Whether stream compression send is enabled */
-  bool stream_compression_recv_enabled;
-  /** Whether stream compression recv is enabled */
-  bool stream_compression_send_enabled;
-  /** Whether bytes stored in unprocessed_incoming_byte_stream is decompressed
-   */
-  bool unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed;
+  /* Stream compression method to be used. */
+  grpc_stream_compression_method stream_compression_method;
+  /* Stream decompression method to be used. */
+  grpc_stream_compression_method stream_decompression_method;
   /** Stream compression decompress context */
   grpc_stream_compression_context *stream_decompression_ctx;
   /** Stream compression compress context */
   grpc_stream_compression_context *stream_compression_ctx;
 
   /** Buffer storing data that is compressed but not sent */
-  grpc_slice_buffer *compressed_data_buffer;
+  grpc_slice_buffer compressed_data_buffer;
   /** Amount of uncompressed bytes sent out when compressed_data_buffer is
    * emptied */
   size_t uncompressed_data_size;
   /** Temporary buffer storing decompressed data */
-  grpc_slice_buffer *decompressed_data_buffer;
+  grpc_slice_buffer decompressed_data_buffer;
+  /** Whether bytes stored in unprocessed_incoming_byte_stream is decompressed
+   */
+  bool unprocessed_incoming_frames_decompressed;
+  /** gRPC header bytes that are already decompressed */
+  size_t decompressed_header_bytes;
 };
 
 /** Transport writing call flow:
@@ -593,12 +628,16 @@ struct grpc_chttp2_stream {
     The actual call chain is documented in the implementation of this function.
     */
 void grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                grpc_chttp2_transport *t, const char *reason);
+                                grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+                                grpc_chttp2_initiate_write_reason reason);
 
-typedef enum {
-  GRPC_CHTTP2_NOTHING_TO_WRITE,
-  GRPC_CHTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITE,
-  GRPC_CHTTP2_FULL_WRITE,
+typedef struct {
+  /** are we writing? */
+  bool writing;
+  /** if writing: was it a complete flush (false) or a partial flush (true) */
+  bool partial;
+  /** did we queue any completions as part of beginning the write */
+  bool early_results_scheduled;
 } grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result;
 
 grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
@@ -840,22 +879,11 @@ void grpc_chttp2_ack_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
 void grpc_chttp2_add_ping_strike(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                  grpc_chttp2_transport *t);
 
-typedef enum {
-  /* don't initiate a transport write, but piggyback on the next one */
-  GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_PIGGYBACK,
-  /* initiate a covered write */
-  GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_COVERED,
-  /* initiate an uncovered write */
-  GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_WRITE_INITIATE_UNCOVERED
-} grpc_chttp2_stream_write_type;
-
 /** add a ref to the stream and add it to the writable list;
     ref will be dropped in writing.c */
-void grpc_chttp2_become_writable(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                 grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
-                                 grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
-                                 grpc_chttp2_stream_write_type type,
-                                 const char *reason);
+void grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_writable(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                      grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+                                      grpc_chttp2_stream *s);
 
 void grpc_chttp2_cancel_stream(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                grpc_chttp2_transport *t, grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/parsing.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/parsing.c
index 148d649a46..3db1ad4123 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/parsing.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/parsing.c
@@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ grpc_error *grpc_chttp2_perform_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
           return err;
         }
         ++cur;
-        ++t->deframe_state;
+        t->deframe_state =
+            (grpc_chttp2_deframe_transport_state)(1 + (int)t->deframe_state);
       }
       if (cur == end) {
         return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
@@ -382,6 +383,9 @@ error_handler:
     /* t->parser = grpc_chttp2_data_parser_parse;*/
     t->parser = grpc_chttp2_data_parser_parse;
     t->parser_data = &s->data_parser;
+    t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
+        t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
+    t->ping_state.last_ping_sent_time = gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
     return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   } else if (grpc_error_get_int(err, GRPC_ERROR_INT_STREAM_ID, NULL)) {
     /* handle stream errors by closing the stream */
@@ -558,6 +562,10 @@ static grpc_error *init_header_frame_parser(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         (t->incoming_frame_flags & GRPC_CHTTP2_DATA_FLAG_END_STREAM) != 0;
   }
 
+  t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
+      t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
+  t->ping_state.last_ping_sent_time = gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+
   /* could be a new grpc_chttp2_stream or an existing grpc_chttp2_stream */
   s = grpc_chttp2_parsing_lookup_stream(t, t->incoming_stream_id);
   if (s == NULL) {
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_lists.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_lists.c
index 7cc85dea9c..47cd22d177 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_lists.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_lists.c
@@ -20,6 +20,27 @@
 
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 
+static char *stream_list_id_string(grpc_chttp2_stream_list_id id) {
+  switch (id) {
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WRITABLE:
+      return "writable";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WRITING:
+      return "writing";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_TRANSPORT:
+      return "stalled_by_transport";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_STREAM:
+      return "stalled_by_stream";
+    case GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WAITING_FOR_CONCURRENCY:
+      return "waiting_for_concurrency";
+    case STREAM_LIST_COUNT:
+      GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return "unknown");
+  }
+  GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return "unknown");
+}
+
+grpc_tracer_flag grpc_trace_http2_stream_state =
+    GRPC_TRACER_INITIALIZER(false, "http2_stream_state");
+
 /* core list management */
 
 static bool stream_list_empty(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
@@ -44,6 +65,10 @@ static bool stream_list_pop(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
     s->included[id] = 0;
   }
   *stream = s;
+  if (s && GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_trace_http2_stream_state)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p[%d][%s]: pop from %s", t, s->id,
+            t->is_client ? "cli" : "svr", stream_list_id_string(id));
+  }
   return s != 0;
 }
 
@@ -62,6 +87,10 @@ static void stream_list_remove(grpc_chttp2_transport *t, grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
   } else {
     t->lists[id].tail = s->links[id].prev;
   }
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_trace_http2_stream_state)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p[%d][%s]: remove from %s", t, s->id,
+            t->is_client ? "cli" : "svr", stream_list_id_string(id));
+  }
 }
 
 static bool stream_list_maybe_remove(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
@@ -90,6 +119,10 @@ static void stream_list_add_tail(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   }
   t->lists[id].tail = s;
   s->included[id] = 1;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_trace_http2_stream_state)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p[%d][%s]: add to %s", t, s->id,
+            t->is_client ? "cli" : "svr", stream_list_id_string(id));
+  }
 }
 
 static bool stream_list_add(grpc_chttp2_transport *t, grpc_chttp2_stream *s,
@@ -150,17 +183,12 @@ void grpc_chttp2_list_remove_waiting_for_concurrency(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
 
 void grpc_chttp2_list_add_stalled_by_transport(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                                grpc_chttp2_stream *s) {
-  GRPC_FLOW_CONTROL_IF_TRACING(
-      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "stream %u stalled by transport", s->id));
   stream_list_add(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_TRANSPORT);
 }
 
 bool grpc_chttp2_list_pop_stalled_by_transport(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                                grpc_chttp2_stream **s) {
-  bool ret = stream_list_pop(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_TRANSPORT);
-  GRPC_FLOW_CONTROL_IF_TRACING(if (ret) gpr_log(
-      GPR_DEBUG, "stream %u un-stalled by transport", (*s)->id));
-  return ret;
+  return stream_list_pop(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_TRANSPORT);
 }
 
 void grpc_chttp2_list_remove_stalled_by_transport(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
@@ -170,23 +198,15 @@ void grpc_chttp2_list_remove_stalled_by_transport(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
 
 void grpc_chttp2_list_add_stalled_by_stream(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                             grpc_chttp2_stream *s) {
-  GRPC_FLOW_CONTROL_IF_TRACING(
-      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "stream %u stalled by stream", s->id));
   stream_list_add(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_STREAM);
 }
 
 bool grpc_chttp2_list_pop_stalled_by_stream(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                             grpc_chttp2_stream **s) {
-  bool ret = stream_list_pop(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_STREAM);
-  GRPC_FLOW_CONTROL_IF_TRACING(
-      if (ret) gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "stream %u un-stalled by stream", (*s)->id));
-  return ret;
+  return stream_list_pop(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_STREAM);
 }
 
 bool grpc_chttp2_list_remove_stalled_by_stream(grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                                                grpc_chttp2_stream *s) {
-  bool ret = stream_list_maybe_remove(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_STREAM);
-  GRPC_FLOW_CONTROL_IF_TRACING(
-      if (ret) gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "stream %u un-stalled by stream", s->id));
-  return ret;
+  return stream_list_maybe_remove(t, s, GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_STALLED_BY_STREAM);
 }
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_map.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_map.c
index 650090d8f0..d6079a9a33 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_map.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/stream_map.c
@@ -72,8 +72,10 @@ void grpc_chttp2_stream_map_add(grpc_chttp2_stream_map *map, uint32_t key,
       /* resize when less than 25% of the table is free, because compaction
          won't help much */
       map->capacity = capacity = 3 * capacity / 2;
-      map->keys = keys = gpr_realloc(keys, capacity * sizeof(uint32_t));
-      map->values = values = gpr_realloc(values, capacity * sizeof(void *));
+      map->keys = keys =
+          (uint32_t *)gpr_realloc(keys, capacity * sizeof(uint32_t));
+      map->values = values =
+          (void **)gpr_realloc(values, capacity * sizeof(void *));
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/writing.c b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/writing.c
index 5e9d97d485..be1af16019 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/writing.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/chttp2/transport/writing.c
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ static void maybe_initiate_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   }
   if (t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required == 0 &&
       t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data != 0) {
-    /* need to send something of substance before sending a ping again */
+    /* need to receive something of substance before sending a ping again */
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_http_trace) ||
         GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_bdp_estimator_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "Ping delayed [%p]: too many recent pings: %d/%d",
@@ -78,11 +78,18 @@ static void maybe_initiate_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     return;
   }
   gpr_timespec now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
-  gpr_timespec elapsed = gpr_time_sub(now, t->ping_state.last_ping_sent_time);
-  /*gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "elapsed:%d.%09d min:%d.%09d", (int)elapsed.tv_sec,
-          elapsed.tv_nsec, (int)t->ping_policy.min_time_between_pings.tv_sec,
-          (int)t->ping_policy.min_time_between_pings.tv_nsec);*/
-  if (gpr_time_cmp(elapsed, t->ping_policy.min_time_between_pings) < 0) {
+  gpr_timespec next_allowed_ping =
+      gpr_time_add(t->ping_state.last_ping_sent_time,
+                   t->ping_policy.min_sent_ping_interval_without_data);
+  if (t->keepalive_permit_without_calls == 0 &&
+      grpc_chttp2_stream_map_size(&t->stream_map) == 0) {
+    next_allowed_ping = gpr_time_add(t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time,
+                                     gpr_time_from_seconds(7200, GPR_TIMESPAN));
+  }
+  /* gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "next_allowed_ping:%d.%09d now:%d.%09d",
+          (int)next_allowed_ping.tv_sec, (int)next_allowed_ping.tv_nsec,
+          (int)now.tv_sec, (int)now.tv_nsec); */
+  if (gpr_time_cmp(next_allowed_ping, now) > 0) {
     /* not enough elapsed time between successive pings */
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_http_trace) ||
         GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_bdp_estimator_trace)) {
@@ -93,9 +100,7 @@ static void maybe_initiate_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     if (!t->ping_state.is_delayed_ping_timer_set) {
       t->ping_state.is_delayed_ping_timer_set = true;
       grpc_timer_init(exec_ctx, &t->ping_state.delayed_ping_timer,
-                      gpr_time_add(t->ping_state.last_ping_sent_time,
-                                   t->ping_policy.min_time_between_pings),
-                      &t->retry_initiate_ping_locked,
+                      next_allowed_ping, &t->retry_initiate_ping_locked,
                       gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC));
     }
     return;
@@ -119,19 +124,28 @@ static void maybe_initiate_ping(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                         grpc_chttp2_ping_create(false, pq->inflight_id));
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_PINGS_SENT(exec_ctx);
   t->ping_state.last_ping_sent_time = now;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_http_trace) ||
+      GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_bdp_estimator_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "Ping sent [%p]: %d/%d", t->peer_string,
+            t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required,
+            t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data);
+  }
   t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required -=
       (t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required != 0);
 }
 
-static void update_list(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
+static bool update_list(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
                         grpc_chttp2_stream *s, int64_t send_bytes,
-                        grpc_chttp2_write_cb **list, grpc_error *error) {
+                        grpc_chttp2_write_cb **list, int64_t *ctr,
+                        grpc_error *error) {
+  bool sched_any = false;
   grpc_chttp2_write_cb *cb = *list;
   *list = NULL;
-  s->flow_controlled_bytes_written += send_bytes;
+  *ctr += send_bytes;
   while (cb) {
     grpc_chttp2_write_cb *next = cb->next;
-    if (cb->call_at_byte <= s->flow_controlled_bytes_written) {
+    if (cb->call_at_byte <= *ctr) {
+      sched_any = true;
       finish_write_cb(exec_ctx, t, s, cb, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
     } else {
       add_to_write_list(list, cb);
@@ -139,6 +153,7 @@ static void update_list(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
     cb = next;
   }
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+  return sched_any;
 }
 
 static bool stream_ref_if_not_destroyed(gpr_refcount *r) {
@@ -164,6 +179,13 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
     grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t) {
   grpc_chttp2_stream *s;
 
+  /* stats histogram counters: we increment these throughout this function,
+     and at the end publish to the central stats histograms */
+  int flow_control_writes = 0;
+  int initial_metadata_writes = 0;
+  int trailing_metadata_writes = 0;
+  int message_writes = 0;
+
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_WRITES_BEGUN(exec_ctx);
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_chttp2_begin_write", 0);
@@ -177,6 +199,7 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
     t->force_send_settings = 0;
     t->dirtied_local_settings = 0;
     t->sent_local_settings = 1;
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SETTINGS_WRITES(exec_ctx);
   }
 
   /* simple writes are queued to qbuf, and flushed here */
@@ -189,20 +212,19 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
 
   if (t->flow_control.remote_window > 0) {
     while (grpc_chttp2_list_pop_stalled_by_transport(t, &s)) {
-      if (!t->closed && grpc_chttp2_list_add_writable_stream(t, s) &&
-          stream_ref_if_not_destroyed(&s->refcount->refs)) {
-        grpc_chttp2_initiate_write(exec_ctx, t, "transport.read_flow_control");
+      if (!t->closed && grpc_chttp2_list_add_writable_stream(t, s)) {
+        stream_ref_if_not_destroyed(&s->refcount->refs);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  bool partial_write = false;
+  grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result result = {false, false, false};
 
   /* for each grpc_chttp2_stream that's become writable, frame it's data
      (according to available window sizes) and add to the output buffer */
   while (true) {
     if (t->outbuf.length > target_write_size(t)) {
-      partial_write = true;
+      result.partial = true;
       break;
     }
 
@@ -247,13 +269,12 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
         grpc_chttp2_encode_header(exec_ctx, &t->hpack_compressor, NULL, 0,
                                   s->send_initial_metadata, &hopt, &t->outbuf);
         now_writing = true;
-        t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
-            t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
         if (!t->is_client) {
           t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time =
               gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
           t->ping_recv_state.ping_strikes = 0;
         }
+        initial_metadata_writes++;
       } else {
         GRPC_CHTTP2_IF_TRACING(
             gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "not sending initial_metadata (Trailers-Only)"));
@@ -269,10 +290,15 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
               [num_extra_headers_for_trailing_metadata++] =
                   &s->send_initial_metadata->idx.named.content_type->md;
         }
+        trailing_metadata_writes++;
       }
       s->send_initial_metadata = NULL;
       s->sent_initial_metadata = true;
       sent_initial_metadata = true;
+      result.early_results_scheduled = true;
+      grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(
+          exec_ctx, t, s, &s->send_initial_metadata_finished, GRPC_ERROR_NONE,
+          "send_initial_metadata_finished");
     }
     /* send any window updates */
     uint32_t stream_announce = grpc_chttp2_flowctl_maybe_send_stream_update(
@@ -281,19 +307,17 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
       grpc_slice_buffer_add(
           &t->outbuf, grpc_chttp2_window_update_create(s->id, stream_announce,
                                                        &s->stats.outgoing));
-      t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
-          t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
       if (!t->is_client) {
         t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time =
             gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
         t->ping_recv_state.ping_strikes = 0;
       }
+      flow_control_writes++;
     }
     if (sent_initial_metadata) {
       /* send any body bytes, if allowed by flow control */
       if (s->flow_controlled_buffer.length > 0 ||
-          (s->stream_compression_send_enabled &&
-           s->compressed_data_buffer->length > 0)) {
+          s->compressed_data_buffer.length > 0) {
         uint32_t stream_remote_window = (uint32_t)GPR_MAX(
             0,
             s->flow_control.remote_window_delta +
@@ -306,59 +330,61 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
         if (max_outgoing > 0) {
           bool is_last_data_frame = false;
           bool is_last_frame = false;
-          if (s->stream_compression_send_enabled) {
-            while ((s->flow_controlled_buffer.length > 0 ||
-                    s->compressed_data_buffer->length > 0) &&
-                   max_outgoing > 0) {
-              if (s->compressed_data_buffer->length > 0) {
-                uint32_t send_bytes = (uint32_t)GPR_MIN(
-                    max_outgoing, s->compressed_data_buffer->length);
-                is_last_data_frame =
-                    (send_bytes == s->compressed_data_buffer->length &&
-                     s->flow_controlled_buffer.length == 0 &&
-                     s->fetching_send_message == NULL);
-                is_last_frame =
-                    is_last_data_frame && s->send_trailing_metadata != NULL &&
-                    grpc_metadata_batch_is_empty(s->send_trailing_metadata);
-                grpc_chttp2_encode_data(s->id, s->compressed_data_buffer,
-                                        send_bytes, is_last_frame,
-                                        &s->stats.outgoing, &t->outbuf);
-                grpc_chttp2_flowctl_sent_data(&t->flow_control,
-                                              &s->flow_control, send_bytes);
-                max_outgoing -= send_bytes;
-                if (s->compressed_data_buffer->length == 0) {
-                  s->sending_bytes += s->uncompressed_data_size;
+          size_t sending_bytes_before = s->sending_bytes;
+          while ((s->flow_controlled_buffer.length > 0 ||
+                  s->compressed_data_buffer.length > 0) &&
+                 max_outgoing > 0) {
+            if (s->compressed_data_buffer.length > 0) {
+              uint32_t send_bytes = (uint32_t)GPR_MIN(
+                  max_outgoing, s->compressed_data_buffer.length);
+              is_last_data_frame =
+                  (send_bytes == s->compressed_data_buffer.length &&
+                   s->flow_controlled_buffer.length == 0 &&
+                   s->fetching_send_message == NULL);
+              if (is_last_data_frame && s->send_trailing_metadata != NULL &&
+                  s->stream_compression_ctx != NULL) {
+                if (!grpc_stream_compress(
+                        s->stream_compression_ctx, &s->flow_controlled_buffer,
+                        &s->compressed_data_buffer, NULL, MAX_SIZE_T,
+                        GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_FINISH)) {
+                  gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Stream compression failed.");
                 }
-              } else {
-                if (s->stream_compression_ctx == NULL) {
-                  s->stream_compression_ctx =
-                      grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
-                          GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_COMPRESS);
-                }
-                s->uncompressed_data_size = s->flow_controlled_buffer.length;
-                GPR_ASSERT(grpc_stream_compress(
-                    s->stream_compression_ctx, &s->flow_controlled_buffer,
-                    s->compressed_data_buffer, NULL, MAX_SIZE_T,
-                    GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_SYNC));
+                grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy(
+                    s->stream_compression_ctx);
+                s->stream_compression_ctx = NULL;
+                /* After finish, bytes in s->compressed_data_buffer may be
+                 * more than max_outgoing. Start another round of the current
+                 * while loop so that send_bytes and is_last_data_frame are
+                 * recalculated. */
+                continue;
+              }
+              is_last_frame =
+                  is_last_data_frame && s->send_trailing_metadata != NULL &&
+                  grpc_metadata_batch_is_empty(s->send_trailing_metadata);
+              grpc_chttp2_encode_data(s->id, &s->compressed_data_buffer,
+                                      send_bytes, is_last_frame,
+                                      &s->stats.outgoing, &t->outbuf);
+              grpc_chttp2_flowctl_sent_data(&t->flow_control, &s->flow_control,
+                                            send_bytes);
+              max_outgoing -= send_bytes;
+              if (s->compressed_data_buffer.length == 0) {
+                s->sending_bytes += s->uncompressed_data_size;
+              }
+            } else {
+              if (s->stream_compression_ctx == NULL) {
+                s->stream_compression_ctx =
+                    grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
+                        s->stream_compression_method);
+              }
+              s->uncompressed_data_size = s->flow_controlled_buffer.length;
+              if (!grpc_stream_compress(
+                      s->stream_compression_ctx, &s->flow_controlled_buffer,
+                      &s->compressed_data_buffer, NULL, MAX_SIZE_T,
+                      GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_SYNC)) {
+                gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Stream compression failed.");
               }
             }
-          } else {
-            uint32_t send_bytes = (uint32_t)GPR_MIN(
-                max_outgoing, s->flow_controlled_buffer.length);
-            is_last_data_frame = s->fetching_send_message == NULL &&
-                                 send_bytes == s->flow_controlled_buffer.length;
-            is_last_frame =
-                is_last_data_frame && s->send_trailing_metadata != NULL &&
-                grpc_metadata_batch_is_empty(s->send_trailing_metadata);
-            grpc_chttp2_encode_data(s->id, &s->flow_controlled_buffer,
-                                    send_bytes, is_last_frame,
-                                    &s->stats.outgoing, &t->outbuf);
-            grpc_chttp2_flowctl_sent_data(&t->flow_control, &s->flow_control,
-                                          send_bytes);
-            s->sending_bytes += send_bytes;
           }
-          t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
-              t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
           if (!t->is_client) {
             t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time =
                 gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
@@ -372,14 +398,21 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
                                                     s->id, GRPC_HTTP2_NO_ERROR,
                                                     &s->stats.outgoing));
             }
+            grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(exec_ctx, t, s, !t->is_client, 1,
+                                           GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
           }
+          result.early_results_scheduled |=
+              update_list(exec_ctx, t, s,
+                          (int64_t)(s->sending_bytes - sending_bytes_before),
+                          &s->on_flow_controlled_cbs,
+                          &s->flow_controlled_bytes_flowed, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
           now_writing = true;
           if (s->flow_controlled_buffer.length > 0 ||
-              (s->stream_compression_send_enabled &&
-               s->compressed_data_buffer->length > 0)) {
+              s->compressed_data_buffer.length > 0) {
             GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_REF(s, "chttp2_writing:fork");
             grpc_chttp2_list_add_writable_stream(t, s);
           }
+          message_writes++;
         } else if (t->flow_control.remote_window == 0) {
           grpc_chttp2_list_add_stalled_by_transport(t, s);
           now_writing = true;
@@ -391,8 +424,7 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
       if (s->send_trailing_metadata != NULL &&
           s->fetching_send_message == NULL &&
           s->flow_controlled_buffer.length == 0 &&
-          (!s->stream_compression_send_enabled ||
-           s->compressed_data_buffer->length == 0)) {
+          s->compressed_data_buffer.length == 0) {
         GRPC_CHTTP2_IF_TRACING(gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "sending trailing_metadata"));
         if (grpc_metadata_batch_is_empty(s->send_trailing_metadata)) {
           grpc_chttp2_encode_data(s->id, &s->flow_controlled_buffer, 0, true,
@@ -415,6 +447,7 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
                                     num_extra_headers_for_trailing_metadata,
                                     s->send_trailing_metadata, &hopt,
                                     &t->outbuf);
+          trailing_metadata_writes++;
         }
         s->send_trailing_metadata = NULL;
         s->sent_trailing_metadata = true;
@@ -423,11 +456,25 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
               &t->outbuf, grpc_chttp2_rst_stream_create(
                               s->id, GRPC_HTTP2_NO_ERROR, &s->stats.outgoing));
         }
+        grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(exec_ctx, t, s, !t->is_client, 1,
+                                       GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
         now_writing = true;
+        result.early_results_scheduled = true;
+        grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(
+            exec_ctx, t, s, &s->send_trailing_metadata_finished,
+            GRPC_ERROR_NONE, "send_trailing_metadata_finished");
       }
     }
 
     if (now_writing) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE(
+          exec_ctx, initial_metadata_writes);
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE(exec_ctx, message_writes);
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE(
+          exec_ctx, trailing_metadata_writes);
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE(exec_ctx,
+                                                  flow_control_writes);
+
       if (!grpc_chttp2_list_add_writing_stream(t, s)) {
         /* already in writing list: drop ref */
         GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_UNREF(exec_ctx, s, "chttp2_writing:already_writing");
@@ -446,8 +493,6 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
     grpc_slice_buffer_add(
         &t->outbuf, grpc_chttp2_window_update_create(0, transport_announce,
                                                      &throwaway_stats));
-    t->ping_state.pings_before_data_required =
-        t->ping_policy.max_pings_without_data;
     if (!t->is_client) {
       t->ping_recv_state.last_ping_recv_time =
           gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
@@ -465,9 +510,8 @@ grpc_chttp2_begin_write_result grpc_chttp2_begin_write(
 
   GPR_TIMER_END("grpc_chttp2_begin_write", 0);
 
-  return t->outbuf.count > 0 ? (partial_write ? GRPC_CHTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITE
-                                              : GRPC_CHTTP2_FULL_WRITE)
-                             : GRPC_CHTTP2_NOTHING_TO_WRITE;
+  result.writing = t->outbuf.count > 0;
+  return result;
 }
 
 void grpc_chttp2_end_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
@@ -476,23 +520,12 @@ void grpc_chttp2_end_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_chttp2_transport *t,
   grpc_chttp2_stream *s;
 
   while (grpc_chttp2_list_pop_writing_stream(t, &s)) {
-    if (s->sent_initial_metadata) {
-      grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(
-          exec_ctx, t, s, &s->send_initial_metadata_finished,
-          GRPC_ERROR_REF(error), "send_initial_metadata_finished");
-    }
     if (s->sending_bytes != 0) {
       update_list(exec_ctx, t, s, (int64_t)s->sending_bytes,
-                  &s->on_write_finished_cbs, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+                  &s->on_write_finished_cbs, &s->flow_controlled_bytes_written,
+                  GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
       s->sending_bytes = 0;
     }
-    if (s->sent_trailing_metadata) {
-      grpc_chttp2_complete_closure_step(
-          exec_ctx, t, s, &s->send_trailing_metadata_finished,
-          GRPC_ERROR_REF(error), "send_trailing_metadata_finished");
-      grpc_chttp2_mark_stream_closed(exec_ctx, t, s, !t->is_client, 1,
-                                     GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
-    }
     GRPC_CHTTP2_STREAM_UNREF(exec_ctx, s, "chttp2_writing:end");
   }
   grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(exec_ctx, &t->outbuf);
diff --git a/src/core/ext/transport/inproc/inproc_transport.c b/src/core/ext/transport/inproc/inproc_transport.c
index 036853a53b..31739d07dd 100644
--- a/src/core/ext/transport/inproc/inproc_transport.c
+++ b/src/core/ext/transport/inproc/inproc_transport.c
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_inproc_trace)) gpr_log(__VA_ARGS__); \
   } while (0)
 
-static const grpc_transport_vtable inproc_vtable;
 static grpc_slice g_empty_slice;
 static grpc_slice g_fake_path_key;
 static grpc_slice g_fake_path_value;
@@ -1167,6 +1166,55 @@ static void destroy_transport(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt) {
 }
 
 /*******************************************************************************
+ * INTEGRATION GLUE
+ */
+
+static void set_pollset(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
+                        grpc_stream *gs, grpc_pollset *pollset) {
+  // Nothing to do here
+}
+
+static void set_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
+                            grpc_stream *gs, grpc_pollset_set *pollset_set) {
+  // Nothing to do here
+}
+
+static grpc_endpoint *get_endpoint(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *t) {
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * GLOBAL INIT AND DESTROY
+ */
+static void do_nothing(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {}
+
+void grpc_inproc_transport_init(void) {
+  grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&do_nothing_closure, do_nothing, NULL,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  g_empty_slice = grpc_slice_from_static_buffer(NULL, 0);
+
+  grpc_slice key_tmp = grpc_slice_from_static_string(":path");
+  g_fake_path_key = grpc_slice_intern(key_tmp);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, key_tmp);
+
+  g_fake_path_value = grpc_slice_from_static_string("/");
+
+  grpc_slice auth_tmp = grpc_slice_from_static_string(":authority");
+  g_fake_auth_key = grpc_slice_intern(auth_tmp);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, auth_tmp);
+
+  g_fake_auth_value = grpc_slice_from_static_string("inproc-fail");
+  grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+}
+
+static const grpc_transport_vtable inproc_vtable = {
+    sizeof(inproc_stream), "inproc",        init_stream,
+    set_pollset,           set_pollset_set, perform_stream_op,
+    perform_transport_op,  destroy_stream,  destroy_transport,
+    get_endpoint};
+
+/*******************************************************************************
  * Main inproc transport functions
  */
 static void inproc_transports_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -1178,7 +1226,7 @@ static void inproc_transports_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   inproc_transport *st = (inproc_transport *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*st));
   inproc_transport *ct = (inproc_transport *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*ct));
   // Share one lock between both sides since both sides get affected
-  st->mu = ct->mu = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*st->mu));
+  st->mu = ct->mu = (shared_mu *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*st->mu));
   gpr_mu_init(&st->mu->mu);
   gpr_ref_init(&st->mu->refs, 2);
   st->base.vtable = &inproc_vtable;
@@ -1215,8 +1263,8 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_inproc_channel_create(grpc_server *server,
 
   grpc_arg default_authority_arg;
   default_authority_arg.type = GRPC_ARG_STRING;
-  default_authority_arg.key = GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY;
-  default_authority_arg.value.string = "inproc.authority";
+  default_authority_arg.key = (char *)GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY;
+  default_authority_arg.value.string = (char *)"inproc.authority";
   grpc_channel_args *client_args =
       grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(args, &default_authority_arg, 1);
 
@@ -1240,55 +1288,6 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_inproc_channel_create(grpc_server *server,
   return channel;
 }
 
-/*******************************************************************************
- * INTEGRATION GLUE
- */
-
-static void set_pollset(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
-                        grpc_stream *gs, grpc_pollset *pollset) {
-  // Nothing to do here
-}
-
-static void set_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *gt,
-                            grpc_stream *gs, grpc_pollset_set *pollset_set) {
-  // Nothing to do here
-}
-
-static grpc_endpoint *get_endpoint(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_transport *t) {
-  return NULL;
-}
-
-static const grpc_transport_vtable inproc_vtable = {
-    sizeof(inproc_stream), "inproc",        init_stream,
-    set_pollset,           set_pollset_set, perform_stream_op,
-    perform_transport_op,  destroy_stream,  destroy_transport,
-    get_endpoint};
-
-/*******************************************************************************
- * GLOBAL INIT AND DESTROY
- */
-static void do_nothing(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {}
-
-void grpc_inproc_transport_init(void) {
-  grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&do_nothing_closure, do_nothing, NULL,
-                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-  g_empty_slice = grpc_slice_from_static_buffer(NULL, 0);
-
-  grpc_slice key_tmp = grpc_slice_from_static_string(":path");
-  g_fake_path_key = grpc_slice_intern(key_tmp);
-  grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, key_tmp);
-
-  g_fake_path_value = grpc_slice_from_static_string("/");
-
-  grpc_slice auth_tmp = grpc_slice_from_static_string(":authority");
-  g_fake_auth_key = grpc_slice_intern(auth_tmp);
-  grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, auth_tmp);
-
-  g_fake_auth_value = grpc_slice_from_static_string("inproc-fail");
-  grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
-}
-
 void grpc_inproc_transport_shutdown(void) {
   grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
   grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, g_empty_slice);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.c b/src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.c
index 02db798b5c..30248b3c60 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.c
@@ -86,13 +86,14 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
     }
   }
   // Create result.
-  grpc_channel_args *dst = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_channel_args));
+  grpc_channel_args *dst =
+      (grpc_channel_args *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_channel_args));
   dst->num_args = num_args_to_copy + num_to_add;
   if (dst->num_args == 0) {
     dst->args = NULL;
     return dst;
   }
-  dst->args = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_arg) * dst->num_args);
+  dst->args = (grpc_arg *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_arg) * dst->num_args);
   // Copy args from src that are not being removed.
   size_t dst_idx = 0;
   if (src != NULL) {
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_copy(const grpc_channel_args *src) {
 grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_union(const grpc_channel_args *a,
                                            const grpc_channel_args *b) {
   const size_t max_out = (a->num_args + b->num_args);
-  grpc_arg *uniques = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*uniques) * max_out);
+  grpc_arg *uniques = (grpc_arg *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*uniques) * max_out);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < a->num_args; ++i) uniques[i] = a->args[i];
 
   size_t uniques_idx = a->num_args;
@@ -160,24 +161,25 @@ static int cmp_arg(const grpc_arg *a, const grpc_arg *b) {
 /* stabilizing comparison function: since channel_args ordering matters for
  * keys with the same name, we need to preserve that ordering */
 static int cmp_key_stable(const void *ap, const void *bp) {
-  const grpc_arg *const *a = ap;
-  const grpc_arg *const *b = bp;
+  const grpc_arg *const *a = (const grpc_arg *const *)ap;
+  const grpc_arg *const *b = (const grpc_arg *const *)bp;
   int c = strcmp((*a)->key, (*b)->key);
   if (c == 0) c = GPR_ICMP(*a, *b);
   return c;
 }
 
 grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_normalize(const grpc_channel_args *a) {
-  grpc_arg **args = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_arg *) * a->num_args);
+  grpc_arg **args = (grpc_arg **)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_arg *) * a->num_args);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < a->num_args; i++) {
     args[i] = &a->args[i];
   }
   if (a->num_args > 1)
     qsort(args, a->num_args, sizeof(grpc_arg *), cmp_key_stable);
 
-  grpc_channel_args *b = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_channel_args));
+  grpc_channel_args *b =
+      (grpc_channel_args *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_channel_args));
   b->num_args = a->num_args;
-  b->args = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_arg) * b->num_args);
+  b->args = (grpc_arg *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_arg) * b->num_args);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < a->num_args; i++) {
     b->args[i] = copy_arg(args[i]);
   }
@@ -210,7 +212,7 @@ void grpc_channel_args_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_channel_args *a) {
 grpc_compression_algorithm grpc_channel_args_get_compression_algorithm(
     const grpc_channel_args *a) {
   size_t i;
-  if (a == NULL) return 0;
+  if (a == NULL) return GRPC_COMPRESS_NONE;
   for (i = 0; i < a->num_args; ++i) {
     if (a->args[i].type == GRPC_ARG_INTEGER &&
         !strcmp(GRPC_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_DEFAULT_ALGORITHM, a->args[i].key)) {
@@ -224,7 +226,7 @@ grpc_compression_algorithm grpc_channel_args_get_compression_algorithm(
 grpc_stream_compression_algorithm
 grpc_channel_args_get_stream_compression_algorithm(const grpc_channel_args *a) {
   size_t i;
-  if (a == NULL) return 0;
+  if (a == NULL) return GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESS_NONE;
   for (i = 0; i < a->num_args; ++i) {
     if (a->args[i].type == GRPC_ARG_INTEGER &&
         !strcmp(GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_DEFAULT_ALGORITHM,
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_set_compression_algorithm(
   GPR_ASSERT(algorithm < GRPC_COMPRESS_ALGORITHMS_COUNT);
   grpc_arg tmp;
   tmp.type = GRPC_ARG_INTEGER;
-  tmp.key = GRPC_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_DEFAULT_ALGORITHM;
+  tmp.key = (char *)GRPC_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_DEFAULT_ALGORITHM;
   tmp.value.integer = algorithm;
   return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(a, &tmp, 1);
 }
@@ -251,7 +253,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_set_stream_compression_algorithm(
   GPR_ASSERT(algorithm < GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESS_ALGORITHMS_COUNT);
   grpc_arg tmp;
   tmp.type = GRPC_ARG_INTEGER;
-  tmp.key = GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_DEFAULT_ALGORITHM;
+  tmp.key = (char *)GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_DEFAULT_ALGORITHM;
   tmp.value.integer = algorithm;
   return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(a, &tmp, 1);
 }
@@ -306,7 +308,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_compression_algorithm_set_state(
 
   if (grpc_channel_args_get_compression_algorithm(*a) == algorithm &&
       state == 0) {
-    char *algo_name = NULL;
+    const char *algo_name = NULL;
     GPR_ASSERT(grpc_compression_algorithm_name(algorithm, &algo_name) != 0);
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
             "Tried to disable default compression algorithm '%s'. The "
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_compression_algorithm_set_state(
     /* create a new arg */
     grpc_arg tmp;
     tmp.type = GRPC_ARG_INTEGER;
-    tmp.key = GRPC_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_ENABLED_ALGORITHMS_BITSET;
+    tmp.key = (char *)GRPC_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_ENABLED_ALGORITHMS_BITSET;
     /* all enabled by default */
     tmp.value.integer = (1u << GRPC_COMPRESS_ALGORITHMS_COUNT) - 1;
     if (state != 0) {
@@ -347,7 +349,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_stream_compression_algorithm_set_state(
 
   if (grpc_channel_args_get_stream_compression_algorithm(*a) == algorithm &&
       state == 0) {
-    char *algo_name = NULL;
+    const char *algo_name = NULL;
     GPR_ASSERT(grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name(algorithm, &algo_name) !=
                0);
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
@@ -364,7 +366,7 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_stream_compression_algorithm_set_state(
     /* create a new arg */
     grpc_arg tmp;
     tmp.type = GRPC_ARG_INTEGER;
-    tmp.key = GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_ENABLED_ALGORITHMS_BITSET;
+    tmp.key = (char *)GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_CHANNEL_ENABLED_ALGORITHMS_BITSET;
     /* all enabled by default */
     tmp.value.integer = (1u << GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESS_ALGORITHMS_COUNT) - 1;
     if (state != 0) {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h b/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h
index ae1cac31f7..f0de80f0c0 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ grpc_channel_stack *grpc_channel_stack_from_top_element(
 /* Given the top element of a call stack, get the call stack itself */
 grpc_call_stack *grpc_call_stack_from_top_element(grpc_call_element *elem);
 
-void grpc_call_log_op(char *file, int line, gpr_log_severity severity,
+void grpc_call_log_op(const char *file, int line, gpr_log_severity severity,
                       grpc_call_element *elem,
                       grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *op);
 
diff --git a/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack_builder.c b/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack_builder.c
index 2c991ea960..b663ebfb52 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack_builder.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack_builder.c
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ struct grpc_channel_stack_builder_iterator {
 };
 
 grpc_channel_stack_builder *grpc_channel_stack_builder_create(void) {
-  grpc_channel_stack_builder *b = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*b));
+  grpc_channel_stack_builder *b =
+      (grpc_channel_stack_builder *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*b));
 
   b->begin.filter = NULL;
   b->end.filter = NULL;
@@ -76,7 +77,8 @@ const char *grpc_channel_stack_builder_get_target(
 
 static grpc_channel_stack_builder_iterator *create_iterator_at_filter_node(
     grpc_channel_stack_builder *builder, filter_node *node) {
-  grpc_channel_stack_builder_iterator *it = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*it));
+  grpc_channel_stack_builder_iterator *it =
+      (grpc_channel_stack_builder_iterator *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*it));
   it->builder = builder;
   it->node = node;
   return it;
@@ -212,13 +214,13 @@ bool grpc_channel_stack_builder_prepend_filter(
 static void add_after(filter_node *before, const grpc_channel_filter *filter,
                       grpc_post_filter_create_init_func post_init_func,
                       void *user_data) {
-  filter_node *new = (filter_node *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*new));
-  new->next = before->next;
-  new->prev = before;
-  new->next->prev = new->prev->next = new;
-  new->filter = filter;
-  new->init = post_init_func;
-  new->init_arg = user_data;
+  filter_node *new_node = (filter_node *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*new_node));
+  new_node->next = before->next;
+  new_node->prev = before;
+  new_node->next->prev = new_node->prev->next = new_node;
+  new_node->filter = filter;
+  new_node->init = post_init_func;
+  new_node->init_arg = user_data;
 }
 
 bool grpc_channel_stack_builder_add_filter_before(
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_channel_stack_builder_finish(
 
   // create an array of filters
   const grpc_channel_filter **filters =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(*filters) * num_filters);
+      (const grpc_channel_filter **)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*filters) * num_filters);
   size_t i = 0;
   for (filter_node *p = builder->begin.next; p != &builder->end; p = p->next) {
     filters[i++] = p->filter;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.c b/src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.c
index 8285226fc4..4f37908958 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.c
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ static callback_state *get_state_for_batch(
 static void con_start_transport_stream_op_batch(
     grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_call_element *elem,
     grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *batch) {
-  call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
-  channel_data *chand = elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   if (batch->recv_initial_metadata) {
     callback_state *state = &calld->recv_initial_metadata_ready;
     intercept_callback(
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ static void con_start_transport_stream_op_batch(
 static void con_start_transport_op(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                    grpc_channel_element *elem,
                                    grpc_transport_op *op) {
-  channel_data *chand = elem->channel_data;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   grpc_transport_perform_op(exec_ctx, chand->transport, op);
 }
 
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ static void con_start_transport_op(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 static grpc_error *init_call_elem(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                   grpc_call_element *elem,
                                   const grpc_call_element_args *args) {
-  call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
-  channel_data *chand = elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   calld->call_combiner = args->call_combiner;
   int r = grpc_transport_init_stream(
       exec_ctx, chand->transport, TRANSPORT_STREAM_FROM_CALL_DATA(calld),
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ static grpc_error *init_call_elem(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 static void set_pollset_or_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                        grpc_call_element *elem,
                                        grpc_polling_entity *pollent) {
-  call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
-  channel_data *chand = elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   grpc_transport_set_pops(exec_ctx, chand->transport,
                           TRANSPORT_STREAM_FROM_CALL_DATA(calld), pollent);
 }
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ static void set_pollset_or_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 static void destroy_call_elem(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_call_element *elem,
                               const grpc_call_final_info *final_info,
                               grpc_closure *then_schedule_closure) {
-  call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
-  channel_data *chand = elem->channel_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
+  channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   grpc_transport_destroy_stream(exec_ctx, chand->transport,
                                 TRANSPORT_STREAM_FROM_CALL_DATA(calld),
                                 then_schedule_closure);
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ static void bind_transport(grpc_channel_stack *channel_stack,
   channel_data *cd = (channel_data *)elem->channel_data;
   GPR_ASSERT(elem->filter == &grpc_connected_filter);
   GPR_ASSERT(cd->transport == NULL);
-  cd->transport = t;
+  cd->transport = (grpc_transport *)t;
 
   /* HACK(ctiller): increase call stack size for the channel to make space
      for channel data. We need a cleaner (but performant) way to do this,
@@ -226,7 +226,8 @@ static void bind_transport(grpc_channel_stack *channel_stack,
      This is only "safe" because call stacks place no additional data after
      the last call element, and the last call element MUST be the connected
      channel. */
-  channel_stack->call_stack_size += grpc_transport_stream_size(t);
+  channel_stack->call_stack_size +=
+      grpc_transport_stream_size((grpc_transport *)t);
 }
 
 bool grpc_add_connected_filter(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -240,6 +241,6 @@ bool grpc_add_connected_filter(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 }
 
 grpc_stream *grpc_connected_channel_get_stream(grpc_call_element *elem) {
-  call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
+  call_data *calld = (call_data *)elem->call_data;
   return TRANSPORT_STREAM_FROM_CALL_DATA(calld);
 }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker.c b/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker.c
index 2cb83f4114..1753da5721 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker.c
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ struct grpc_handshake_manager {
 };
 
 grpc_handshake_manager* grpc_handshake_manager_create() {
-  grpc_handshake_manager* mgr = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_handshake_manager));
+  grpc_handshake_manager* mgr =
+      (grpc_handshake_manager*)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_handshake_manager));
   gpr_mu_init(&mgr->mu);
   gpr_ref_init(&mgr->refs, 1);
   return mgr;
@@ -137,8 +138,8 @@ void grpc_handshake_manager_add(grpc_handshake_manager* mgr,
     realloc_count = mgr->count * 2;
   }
   if (realloc_count > 0) {
-    mgr->handshakers =
-        gpr_realloc(mgr->handshakers, realloc_count * sizeof(grpc_handshaker*));
+    mgr->handshakers = (grpc_handshaker**)gpr_realloc(
+        mgr->handshakers, realloc_count * sizeof(grpc_handshaker*));
   }
   mgr->handshakers[mgr->count++] = handshaker;
   gpr_mu_unlock(&mgr->mu);
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ static bool call_next_handshaker_locked(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx,
 // handshakers together.
 static void call_next_handshaker(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, void* arg,
                                  grpc_error* error) {
-  grpc_handshake_manager* mgr = arg;
+  grpc_handshake_manager* mgr = (grpc_handshake_manager*)arg;
   gpr_mu_lock(&mgr->mu);
   bool done = call_next_handshaker_locked(exec_ctx, mgr, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
   gpr_mu_unlock(&mgr->mu);
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ static void call_next_handshaker(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, void* arg,
 
 // Callback invoked when deadline is exceeded.
 static void on_timeout(grpc_exec_ctx* exec_ctx, void* arg, grpc_error* error) {
-  grpc_handshake_manager* mgr = arg;
+  grpc_handshake_manager* mgr = (grpc_handshake_manager*)arg;
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {  // Timer fired, rather than being cancelled.
     grpc_handshake_manager_shutdown(
         exec_ctx, mgr,
@@ -241,7 +242,8 @@ void grpc_handshake_manager_do_handshake(
   mgr->args.endpoint = endpoint;
   mgr->args.args = grpc_channel_args_copy(channel_args);
   mgr->args.user_data = user_data;
-  mgr->args.read_buffer = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*mgr->args.read_buffer));
+  mgr->args.read_buffer =
+      (grpc_slice_buffer*)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*mgr->args.read_buffer));
   grpc_slice_buffer_init(mgr->args.read_buffer);
   // Initialize state needed for calling handshakers.
   mgr->acceptor = acceptor;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker_registry.c b/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker_registry.c
index 8c4bc3aa00..c6bc87d704 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker_registry.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/channel/handshaker_registry.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ typedef struct {
 static void grpc_handshaker_factory_list_register(
     grpc_handshaker_factory_list* list, bool at_start,
     grpc_handshaker_factory* factory) {
-  list->list = gpr_realloc(
+  list->list = (grpc_handshaker_factory**)gpr_realloc(
       list->list, (list->num_factories + 1) * sizeof(grpc_handshaker_factory*));
   if (at_start) {
     memmove(list->list + 1, list->list,
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/compression.c b/src/core/lib/compression/compression.c
index ec84c01811..1cfac23129 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/compression/compression.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/compression.c
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ int grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_parse(
 }
 
 int grpc_compression_algorithm_name(grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm,
-                                    char **name) {
+                                    const char **name) {
   GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_compression_algorithm_parse(algorithm=%d, name=%p)", 2,
                  ((int)algorithm, name));
   switch (algorithm) {
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ int grpc_compression_algorithm_name(grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm,
 }
 
 int grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name(
-    grpc_stream_compression_algorithm algorithm, char **name) {
+    grpc_stream_compression_algorithm algorithm, const char **name) {
   GRPC_API_TRACE(
       "grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_parse(algorithm=%d, name=%p)", 2,
       ((int)algorithm, name));
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.c b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.c
index df13d53e06..411489f029 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.c
@@ -16,176 +16,62 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 
 #include "src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h"
-#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/exec_ctx.h"
-#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.h"
 
-#define OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE (1024)
-
-static bool gzip_flate(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
-                       grpc_slice_buffer *in, grpc_slice_buffer *out,
-                       size_t *output_size, size_t max_output_size, int flush,
-                       bool *end_of_context) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(flush == 0 || flush == Z_SYNC_FLUSH || flush == Z_FINISH);
-  /* Full flush is not allowed when inflating. */
-  GPR_ASSERT(!(ctx->flate == inflate && (flush == Z_FINISH)));
-
-  grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
-  int r;
-  bool eoc = false;
-  size_t original_max_output_size = max_output_size;
-  while (max_output_size > 0 && (in->length > 0 || flush) && !eoc) {
-    size_t slice_size = max_output_size < OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE ? max_output_size
-                                                            : OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE;
-    grpc_slice slice_out = GRPC_SLICE_MALLOC(slice_size);
-    ctx->zs.avail_out = (uInt)slice_size;
-    ctx->zs.next_out = GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(slice_out);
-    while (ctx->zs.avail_out > 0 && in->length > 0 && !eoc) {
-      grpc_slice slice = grpc_slice_buffer_take_first(in);
-      ctx->zs.avail_in = (uInt)GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(slice);
-      ctx->zs.next_in = GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(slice);
-      r = ctx->flate(&ctx->zs, Z_NO_FLUSH);
-      if (r < 0 && r != Z_BUF_ERROR) {
-        gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "zlib error (%d)", r);
-        grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
-        grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
-        return false;
-      } else if (r == Z_STREAM_END && ctx->flate == inflate) {
-        eoc = true;
-      }
-      if (ctx->zs.avail_in > 0) {
-        grpc_slice_buffer_undo_take_first(
-            in,
-            grpc_slice_sub(slice, GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(slice) - ctx->zs.avail_in,
-                           GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(slice)));
-      }
-      grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice);
-    }
-    if (flush != 0 && ctx->zs.avail_out > 0 && !eoc) {
-      GPR_ASSERT(in->length == 0);
-      r = ctx->flate(&ctx->zs, flush);
-      if (flush == Z_SYNC_FLUSH) {
-        switch (r) {
-          case Z_OK:
-            /* Maybe flush is not complete; just made some partial progress. */
-            if (ctx->zs.avail_out > 0) {
-              flush = 0;
-            }
-            break;
-          case Z_BUF_ERROR:
-          case Z_STREAM_END:
-            flush = 0;
-            break;
-          default:
-            gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "zlib error (%d)", r);
-            grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
-            grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
-            return false;
-        }
-      } else if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
-        switch (r) {
-          case Z_OK:
-          case Z_BUF_ERROR:
-            /* Wait for the next loop to assign additional output space. */
-            GPR_ASSERT(ctx->zs.avail_out == 0);
-            break;
-          case Z_STREAM_END:
-            flush = 0;
-            break;
-          default:
-            gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "zlib error (%d)", r);
-            grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
-            grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
-            return false;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (ctx->zs.avail_out == 0) {
-      grpc_slice_buffer_add(out, slice_out);
-    } else if (ctx->zs.avail_out < slice_size) {
-      slice_out.data.refcounted.length -= ctx->zs.avail_out;
-      grpc_slice_buffer_add(out, slice_out);
-    } else {
-      grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
-    }
-    max_output_size -= (slice_size - ctx->zs.avail_out);
-  }
-  grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
-  if (end_of_context) {
-    *end_of_context = eoc;
-  }
-  if (output_size) {
-    *output_size = original_max_output_size - max_output_size;
-  }
-  return true;
-}
+extern const grpc_stream_compression_vtable
+    grpc_stream_compression_identity_vtable;
 
 bool grpc_stream_compress(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
                           grpc_slice_buffer *in, grpc_slice_buffer *out,
                           size_t *output_size, size_t max_output_size,
                           grpc_stream_compression_flush flush) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(ctx->flate == deflate);
-  int gzip_flush;
-  switch (flush) {
-    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_NONE:
-      gzip_flush = 0;
-      break;
-    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_SYNC:
-      gzip_flush = Z_SYNC_FLUSH;
-      break;
-    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_FINISH:
-      gzip_flush = Z_FINISH;
-      break;
-    default:
-      gzip_flush = 0;
-  }
-  return gzip_flate(ctx, in, out, output_size, max_output_size, gzip_flush,
-                    NULL);
+  return ctx->vtable->compress(ctx, in, out, output_size, max_output_size,
+                               flush);
 }
 
 bool grpc_stream_decompress(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
                             grpc_slice_buffer *in, grpc_slice_buffer *out,
                             size_t *output_size, size_t max_output_size,
                             bool *end_of_context) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(ctx->flate == inflate);
-  return gzip_flate(ctx, in, out, output_size, max_output_size, Z_SYNC_FLUSH,
-                    end_of_context);
+  return ctx->vtable->decompress(ctx, in, out, output_size, max_output_size,
+                                 end_of_context);
 }
 
 grpc_stream_compression_context *grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
     grpc_stream_compression_method method) {
-  grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_stream_compression_context));
-  int r;
-  if (ctx == NULL) {
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  if (method == GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_DECOMPRESS) {
-    r = inflateInit2(&ctx->zs, 0x1F);
-    ctx->flate = inflate;
-  } else {
-    r = deflateInit2(&ctx->zs, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 0x1F, 8,
-                     Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
-    ctx->flate = deflate;
-  }
-  if (r != Z_OK) {
-    gpr_free(ctx);
-    return NULL;
+  switch (method) {
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_COMPRESS:
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_DECOMPRESS:
+      return grpc_stream_compression_identity_vtable.context_create(method);
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_COMPRESS:
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_DECOMPRESS:
+      return grpc_stream_compression_gzip_vtable.context_create(method);
+    default:
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Unknown stream compression method: %d", method);
+      return NULL;
   }
-
-  return ctx;
 }
 
 void grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy(
     grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx) {
-  if (ctx->flate == inflate) {
-    inflateEnd(&ctx->zs);
+  ctx->vtable->context_destroy(ctx);
+}
+
+int grpc_stream_compression_method_parse(
+    grpc_slice value, bool is_compress,
+    grpc_stream_compression_method *method) {
+  if (grpc_slice_eq(value, GRPC_MDSTR_IDENTITY)) {
+    *method = is_compress ? GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_COMPRESS
+                          : GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_DECOMPRESS;
+    return 1;
+  } else if (grpc_slice_eq(value, GRPC_MDSTR_GZIP)) {
+    *method = is_compress ? GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_COMPRESS
+                          : GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_DECOMPRESS;
+    return 1;
   } else {
-    deflateEnd(&ctx->zs);
+    return 0;
   }
-  gpr_free(ctx);
 }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h
index 844dff81a3..6d073280fa 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h
@@ -24,15 +24,20 @@
 #include <grpc/slice_buffer.h>
 #include <zlib.h>
 
+#include "src/core/lib/transport/static_metadata.h"
+
+typedef struct grpc_stream_compression_vtable grpc_stream_compression_vtable;
+
 /* Stream compression/decompression context */
 typedef struct grpc_stream_compression_context {
-  z_stream zs;
-  int (*flate)(z_stream *zs, int flush);
+  const grpc_stream_compression_vtable *vtable;
 } grpc_stream_compression_context;
 
 typedef enum grpc_stream_compression_method {
-  GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_COMPRESS = 0,
-  GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_DECOMPRESS,
+  GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_COMPRESS = 0,
+  GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_DECOMPRESS,
+  GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_COMPRESS,
+  GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_DECOMPRESS,
   GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_METHOD_COUNT
 } grpc_stream_compression_method;
 
@@ -43,6 +48,19 @@ typedef enum grpc_stream_compression_flush {
   GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_COUNT
 } grpc_stream_compression_flush;
 
+struct grpc_stream_compression_vtable {
+  bool (*compress)(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx, grpc_slice_buffer *in,
+                   grpc_slice_buffer *out, size_t *output_size,
+                   size_t max_output_size, grpc_stream_compression_flush flush);
+  bool (*decompress)(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
+                     grpc_slice_buffer *in, grpc_slice_buffer *out,
+                     size_t *output_size, size_t max_output_size,
+                     bool *end_of_context);
+  grpc_stream_compression_context *(*context_create)(
+      grpc_stream_compression_method method);
+  void (*context_destroy)(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx);
+};
+
 /**
  * Compress bytes provided in \a in with a given context, with an optional flush
  * at the end of compression. Emits at most \a max_output_size compressed bytes
@@ -87,4 +105,10 @@ grpc_stream_compression_context *grpc_stream_compression_context_create(
 void grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy(
     grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx);
 
+/**
+ * Parse stream compression method based on algorithm name
+ */
+int grpc_stream_compression_method_parse(
+    grpc_slice value, bool is_compress, grpc_stream_compression_method *method);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.c b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abcbdb3a91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.c
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
+#include <grpc/support/log.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/exec_ctx.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
+
+#define OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE (1024)
+
+typedef struct grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip {
+  grpc_stream_compression_context base;
+
+  z_stream zs;
+  int (*flate)(z_stream *zs, int flush);
+} grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip;
+
+static bool gzip_flate(grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *ctx,
+                       grpc_slice_buffer *in, grpc_slice_buffer *out,
+                       size_t *output_size, size_t max_output_size, int flush,
+                       bool *end_of_context) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(flush == 0 || flush == Z_SYNC_FLUSH || flush == Z_FINISH);
+  /* Full flush is not allowed when inflating. */
+  GPR_ASSERT(!(ctx->flate == inflate && (flush == Z_FINISH)));
+
+  grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
+  int r;
+  bool eoc = false;
+  size_t original_max_output_size = max_output_size;
+  while (max_output_size > 0 && (in->length > 0 || flush) && !eoc) {
+    size_t slice_size = max_output_size < OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE ? max_output_size
+                                                            : OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+    grpc_slice slice_out = GRPC_SLICE_MALLOC(slice_size);
+    ctx->zs.avail_out = (uInt)slice_size;
+    ctx->zs.next_out = GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(slice_out);
+    while (ctx->zs.avail_out > 0 && in->length > 0 && !eoc) {
+      grpc_slice slice = grpc_slice_buffer_take_first(in);
+      ctx->zs.avail_in = (uInt)GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(slice);
+      ctx->zs.next_in = GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(slice);
+      r = ctx->flate(&ctx->zs, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+      if (r < 0 && r != Z_BUF_ERROR) {
+        gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "zlib error (%d)", r);
+        grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
+        grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+        return false;
+      } else if (r == Z_STREAM_END && ctx->flate == inflate) {
+        eoc = true;
+      }
+      if (ctx->zs.avail_in > 0) {
+        grpc_slice_buffer_undo_take_first(
+            in,
+            grpc_slice_sub(slice, GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(slice) - ctx->zs.avail_in,
+                           GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(slice)));
+      }
+      grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice);
+    }
+    if (flush != 0 && ctx->zs.avail_out > 0 && !eoc) {
+      GPR_ASSERT(in->length == 0);
+      r = ctx->flate(&ctx->zs, flush);
+      if (flush == Z_SYNC_FLUSH) {
+        switch (r) {
+          case Z_OK:
+            /* Maybe flush is not complete; just made some partial progress. */
+            if (ctx->zs.avail_out > 0) {
+              flush = 0;
+            }
+            break;
+          case Z_BUF_ERROR:
+          case Z_STREAM_END:
+            flush = 0;
+            break;
+          default:
+            gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "zlib error (%d)", r);
+            grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
+            grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+            return false;
+        }
+      } else if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
+        switch (r) {
+          case Z_OK:
+          case Z_BUF_ERROR:
+            /* Wait for the next loop to assign additional output space. */
+            GPR_ASSERT(ctx->zs.avail_out == 0);
+            break;
+          case Z_STREAM_END:
+            flush = 0;
+            break;
+          default:
+            gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "zlib error (%d)", r);
+            grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
+            grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+            return false;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (ctx->zs.avail_out == 0) {
+      grpc_slice_buffer_add(out, slice_out);
+    } else if (ctx->zs.avail_out < slice_size) {
+      slice_out.data.refcounted.length -= ctx->zs.avail_out;
+      grpc_slice_buffer_add(out, slice_out);
+    } else {
+      grpc_slice_unref_internal(&exec_ctx, slice_out);
+    }
+    max_output_size -= (slice_size - ctx->zs.avail_out);
+  }
+  grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+  if (end_of_context) {
+    *end_of_context = eoc;
+  }
+  if (output_size) {
+    *output_size = original_max_output_size - max_output_size;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool grpc_stream_compress_gzip(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
+                                      grpc_slice_buffer *in,
+                                      grpc_slice_buffer *out,
+                                      size_t *output_size,
+                                      size_t max_output_size,
+                                      grpc_stream_compression_flush flush) {
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *gzip_ctx =
+      (grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *)ctx;
+  GPR_ASSERT(gzip_ctx->flate == deflate);
+  int gzip_flush;
+  switch (flush) {
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_NONE:
+      gzip_flush = 0;
+      break;
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_SYNC:
+      gzip_flush = Z_SYNC_FLUSH;
+      break;
+    case GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_FLUSH_FINISH:
+      gzip_flush = Z_FINISH;
+      break;
+    default:
+      gzip_flush = 0;
+  }
+  return gzip_flate(gzip_ctx, in, out, output_size, max_output_size, gzip_flush,
+                    NULL);
+}
+
+static bool grpc_stream_decompress_gzip(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
+                                        grpc_slice_buffer *in,
+                                        grpc_slice_buffer *out,
+                                        size_t *output_size,
+                                        size_t max_output_size,
+                                        bool *end_of_context) {
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *gzip_ctx =
+      (grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *)ctx;
+  GPR_ASSERT(gzip_ctx->flate == inflate);
+  return gzip_flate(gzip_ctx, in, out, output_size, max_output_size,
+                    Z_SYNC_FLUSH, end_of_context);
+}
+
+static grpc_stream_compression_context *
+grpc_stream_compression_context_create_gzip(
+    grpc_stream_compression_method method) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(method == GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_COMPRESS ||
+             method == GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_DECOMPRESS);
+  grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *gzip_ctx =
+      (grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *)gpr_zalloc(
+          sizeof(grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip));
+  int r;
+  if (gzip_ctx == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  if (method == GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_DECOMPRESS) {
+    r = inflateInit2(&gzip_ctx->zs, 0x1F);
+    gzip_ctx->flate = inflate;
+  } else {
+    r = deflateInit2(&gzip_ctx->zs, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 0x1F, 8,
+                     Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+    gzip_ctx->flate = deflate;
+  }
+  if (r != Z_OK) {
+    gpr_free(gzip_ctx);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  gzip_ctx->base.vtable = &grpc_stream_compression_gzip_vtable;
+  return (grpc_stream_compression_context *)gzip_ctx;
+}
+
+static void grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy_gzip(
+    grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx) {
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+  grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *gzip_ctx =
+      (grpc_stream_compression_context_gzip *)ctx;
+  if (gzip_ctx->flate == inflate) {
+    inflateEnd(&gzip_ctx->zs);
+  } else {
+    deflateEnd(&gzip_ctx->zs);
+  }
+  gpr_free(ctx);
+}
+
+const grpc_stream_compression_vtable grpc_stream_compression_gzip_vtable = {
+    .compress = grpc_stream_compress_gzip,
+    .decompress = grpc_stream_decompress_gzip,
+    .context_create = grpc_stream_compression_context_create_gzip,
+    .context_destroy = grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy_gzip};
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.h b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7cf49a0de9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef GRPC_CORE_LIB_COMPRESSION_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_H
+#define GRPC_CORE_LIB_COMPRESSION_STREAM_COMPRESSION_GZIP_H
+
+#include "src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h"
+
+extern const grpc_stream_compression_vtable grpc_stream_compression_gzip_vtable;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.c b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3dfcf53b85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.c
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
+#include <grpc/support/log.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/exec_ctx.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
+
+#define OUTPUT_BLOCK_SIZE (1024)
+
+/* Singleton context used for all identity streams. */
+static grpc_stream_compression_context identity_ctx = {
+    .vtable = &grpc_stream_compression_identity_vtable};
+
+static void grpc_stream_compression_pass_through(grpc_slice_buffer *in,
+                                                 grpc_slice_buffer *out,
+                                                 size_t *output_size,
+                                                 size_t max_output_size) {
+  if (max_output_size >= in->length) {
+    if (output_size) {
+      *output_size = in->length;
+    }
+    grpc_slice_buffer_move_into(in, out);
+  } else {
+    if (output_size) {
+      *output_size = max_output_size;
+    }
+    grpc_slice_buffer_move_first(in, max_output_size, out);
+  }
+}
+
+static bool grpc_stream_compress_identity(grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx,
+                                          grpc_slice_buffer *in,
+                                          grpc_slice_buffer *out,
+                                          size_t *output_size,
+                                          size_t max_output_size,
+                                          grpc_stream_compression_flush flush) {
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  grpc_stream_compression_pass_through(in, out, output_size, max_output_size);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool grpc_stream_decompress_identity(
+    grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx, grpc_slice_buffer *in,
+    grpc_slice_buffer *out, size_t *output_size, size_t max_output_size,
+    bool *end_of_context) {
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  grpc_stream_compression_pass_through(in, out, output_size, max_output_size);
+  if (end_of_context) {
+    *end_of_context = false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static grpc_stream_compression_context *
+grpc_stream_compression_context_create_identity(
+    grpc_stream_compression_method method) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(method == GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_COMPRESS ||
+             method == GRPC_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_DECOMPRESS);
+  /* No context needed in this case. Use fake context instead. */
+  return (grpc_stream_compression_context *)&identity_ctx;
+}
+
+static void grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy_identity(
+    grpc_stream_compression_context *ctx) {
+  return;
+}
+
+const grpc_stream_compression_vtable grpc_stream_compression_identity_vtable = {
+    .compress = grpc_stream_compress_identity,
+    .decompress = grpc_stream_decompress_identity,
+    .context_create = grpc_stream_compression_context_create_identity,
+    .context_destroy = grpc_stream_compression_context_destroy_identity};
diff --git a/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.h b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41926e949e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef GRPC_CORE_LIB_COMPRESSION_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_H
+#define GRPC_CORE_LIB_COMPRESSION_STREAM_COMPRESSION_IDENTITY_H
+
+#include "src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.h"
+
+extern const grpc_stream_compression_vtable
+    grpc_stream_compression_identity_vtable;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/core/lib/debug/stats.c b/src/core/lib/debug/stats.c
index 91ca0aa76e..4096384dd9 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/debug/stats.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/debug/stats.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ static size_t g_num_cores;
 void grpc_stats_init(void) {
   g_num_cores = GPR_MAX(1, gpr_cpu_num_cores());
   grpc_stats_per_cpu_storage =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_stats_data) * g_num_cores);
+      (grpc_stats_data *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_stats_data) * g_num_cores);
 }
 
 void grpc_stats_shutdown(void) { gpr_free(grpc_stats_per_cpu_storage); }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.c b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.c
index 15ccaf21c4..fb6055f795 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.c
@@ -25,11 +25,23 @@
 const char *grpc_stats_counter_name[GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT] = {
     "client_calls_created",
     "server_calls_created",
+    "cqs_created",
+    "client_channels_created",
+    "client_subchannels_created",
+    "server_channels_created",
     "syscall_poll",
     "syscall_wait",
+    "pollset_kick",
+    "pollset_kicked_without_poller",
+    "pollset_kicked_again",
+    "pollset_kick_wakeup_fd",
+    "pollset_kick_wakeup_cv",
+    "pollset_kick_own_thread",
     "histogram_slow_lookups",
     "syscall_write",
     "syscall_read",
+    "tcp_backup_pollers_created",
+    "tcp_backup_poller_polls",
     "http2_op_batches",
     "http2_op_cancel",
     "http2_op_send_initial_metadata",
@@ -38,27 +50,96 @@ const char *grpc_stats_counter_name[GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT] = {
     "http2_op_recv_initial_metadata",
     "http2_op_recv_message",
     "http2_op_recv_trailing_metadata",
+    "http2_settings_writes",
     "http2_pings_sent",
     "http2_writes_begun",
+    "http2_writes_offloaded",
+    "http2_writes_continued",
+    "http2_partial_writes",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_initial_write",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_start_new_stream",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_message",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_initial_metadata",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_trailing_metadata",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_retry_send_ping",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_continue_pings",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_goaway_sent",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_rst_stream",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_close_from_api",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_stream_flow_control",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_transport_flow_control",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_settings",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_bdp_estimator_ping",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_flow_control_unstalled_by_setting",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_flow_control_unstalled_by_update",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_application_ping",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_keepalive_ping",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_transport_flow_control_unstalled",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_ping_response",
+    "http2_initiate_write_due_to_force_rst_stream",
+    "hpack_recv_indexed",
+    "hpack_recv_lithdr_incidx",
+    "hpack_recv_lithdr_incidx_v",
+    "hpack_recv_lithdr_notidx",
+    "hpack_recv_lithdr_notidx_v",
+    "hpack_recv_lithdr_nvridx",
+    "hpack_recv_lithdr_nvridx_v",
+    "hpack_recv_uncompressed",
+    "hpack_recv_huffman",
+    "hpack_recv_binary",
+    "hpack_recv_binary_base64",
+    "hpack_send_indexed",
+    "hpack_send_lithdr_incidx",
+    "hpack_send_lithdr_incidx_v",
+    "hpack_send_lithdr_notidx",
+    "hpack_send_lithdr_notidx_v",
+    "hpack_send_lithdr_nvridx",
+    "hpack_send_lithdr_nvridx_v",
+    "hpack_send_uncompressed",
+    "hpack_send_huffman",
+    "hpack_send_binary",
+    "hpack_send_binary_base64",
     "combiner_locks_initiated",
     "combiner_locks_scheduled_items",
     "combiner_locks_scheduled_final_items",
     "combiner_locks_offloaded",
-    "executor_scheduled_items",
+    "executor_scheduled_short_items",
+    "executor_scheduled_long_items",
     "executor_scheduled_to_self",
     "executor_wakeup_initiated",
     "executor_queue_drained",
+    "executor_push_retries",
+    "executor_threads_created",
+    "executor_threads_used",
+    "server_requested_calls",
+    "server_slowpath_requests_queued",
 };
 const char *grpc_stats_counter_doc[GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT] = {
     "Number of client side calls created by this process",
     "Number of server side calls created by this process",
+    "Number of completion queues created", "Number of client channels created",
+    "Number of client subchannels created", "Number of server channels created",
     "Number of polling syscalls (epoll_wait, poll, etc) made by this process",
     "Number of sleeping syscalls made by this process",
+    "How many polling wakeups were performed by the process (only valid for "
+    "epoll1 right now)",
+    "How many times was a polling wakeup requested without an active poller "
+    "(only valid for epoll1 right now)",
+    "How many times was the same polling worker awoken repeatedly before "
+    "waking up (only valid for epoll1 right now)",
+    "How many times was an eventfd used as the wakeup vector for a polling "
+    "wakeup (only valid for epoll1 right now)",
+    "How many times was a condition variable used as the wakeup vector for a "
+    "polling wakeup (only valid for epoll1 right now)",
+    "How many times could a polling wakeup be satisfied by keeping the waking "
+    "thread awake? (only valid for epoll1 right now)",
     "Number of times histogram increments went through the slow (binary "
     "search) path",
     "Number of write syscalls (or equivalent - eg sendmsg) made by this "
     "process",
     "Number of read syscalls (or equivalent - eg recvmsg) made by this process",
+    "Number of times a backup poller has been created (this can be expensive)",
+    "Number of polls performed on the backup poller",
     "Number of batches received by HTTP2 transport",
     "Number of cancelations received by HTTP2 transport",
     "Number of batches containing send initial metadata",
@@ -67,30 +148,153 @@ const char *grpc_stats_counter_doc[GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT] = {
     "Number of batches containing receive initial metadata",
     "Number of batches containing receive message",
     "Number of batches containing receive trailing metadata",
-    "Number of HTTP2 pings sent by process", "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated",
+    "Number of settings frames sent", "Number of HTTP2 pings sent by process",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes offloaded to the executor from application threads",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes that finished seeing more data needed to be "
+    "written",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes that were made knowing there was still more data "
+    "to be written (we cap maximum write size to syscall_write)",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'initial_write'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'start_new_stream'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_message'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_initial_metadata'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_trailing_metadata'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'retry_send_ping'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'continue_pings'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'goaway_sent'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'rst_stream'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'close_from_api'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'stream_flow_control'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'transport_flow_control'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_settings'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'bdp_estimator_ping'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to "
+    "'flow_control_unstalled_by_setting'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to "
+    "'flow_control_unstalled_by_update'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'application_ping'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'keepalive_ping'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to "
+    "'transport_flow_control_unstalled'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'ping_response'",
+    "Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'force_rst_stream'",
+    "Number of HPACK indexed fields received",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers received with incremental indexing",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers received with incremental indexing and "
+    "literal keys",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers received with no indexing",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers received with no indexing and literal "
+    "keys",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers received with never-indexing",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers received with never-indexing and literal "
+    "keys",
+    "Number of uncompressed strings received in metadata",
+    "Number of huffman encoded strings received in metadata",
+    "Number of binary strings received in metadata",
+    "Number of binary strings received encoded in base64 in metadata",
+    "Number of HPACK indexed fields sent",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers sent with incremental indexing",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers sent with incremental indexing and "
+    "literal keys",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers sent with no indexing",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers sent with no indexing and literal keys",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers sent with never-indexing",
+    "Number of HPACK literal headers sent with never-indexing and literal keys",
+    "Number of uncompressed strings sent in metadata",
+    "Number of huffman encoded strings sent in metadata",
+    "Number of binary strings received in metadata",
+    "Number of binary strings received encoded in base64 in metadata",
     "Number of combiner lock entries by process (first items queued to a "
     "combiner)",
     "Number of items scheduled against combiner locks",
     "Number of final items scheduled against combiner locks",
     "Number of combiner locks offloaded to different threads",
-    "Number of closures scheduled against the executor (gRPC thread pool)",
+    "Number of finite runtime closures scheduled against the executor (gRPC "
+    "thread pool)",
+    "Number of potentially infinite runtime closures scheduled against the "
+    "executor (gRPC thread pool)",
     "Number of closures scheduled by the executor to the executor",
     "Number of thread wakeups initiated within the executor",
     "Number of times an executor queue was drained",
+    "Number of times we raced and were forced to retry pushing a closure to "
+    "the executor",
+    "Size of the backing thread pool for overflow gRPC Core work",
+    "How many executor threads actually got used",
+    "How many calls were requested (not necessarily received) by the server",
+    "How many times was the server slow path taken (indicates too few "
+    "outstanding requests)",
 };
 const char *grpc_stats_histogram_name[GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_COUNT] = {
-    "tcp_write_size", "tcp_write_iov_size",      "tcp_read_size",
-    "tcp_read_offer", "tcp_read_offer_iov_size", "http2_send_message_size",
+    "call_initial_size",
+    "poll_events_returned",
+    "tcp_write_size",
+    "tcp_write_iov_size",
+    "tcp_read_size",
+    "tcp_read_offer",
+    "tcp_read_offer_iov_size",
+    "http2_send_message_size",
+    "http2_send_initial_metadata_per_write",
+    "http2_send_message_per_write",
+    "http2_send_trailing_metadata_per_write",
+    "http2_send_flowctl_per_write",
+    "executor_closures_per_wakeup",
+    "server_cqs_checked",
 };
 const char *grpc_stats_histogram_doc[GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_COUNT] = {
+    "Initial size of the grpc_call arena created at call start",
+    "How many events are called for each syscall_poll",
     "Number of bytes offered to each syscall_write",
     "Number of byte segments offered to each syscall_write",
     "Number of bytes received by each syscall_read",
     "Number of bytes offered to each syscall_read",
     "Number of byte segments offered to each syscall_read",
     "Size of messages received by HTTP2 transport",
+    "Number of streams initiated written per TCP write",
+    "Number of streams whose payload was written per TCP write",
+    "Number of streams terminated per TCP write",
+    "Number of flow control updates written per TCP write",
+    "Number of closures executed each time an executor wakes up",
+    "How many completion queues were checked looking for a CQ that had "
+    "requested the incoming call",
 };
 const int grpc_stats_table_0[65] = {
+    0,      1,      2,      3,      4,     5,     7,     9,     11,    14,
+    17,     21,     26,     32,     39,    47,    57,    68,    82,    98,
+    117,    140,    167,    199,    238,   284,   339,   404,   482,   575,
+    685,    816,    972,    1158,   1380,  1644,  1959,  2334,  2780,  3312,
+    3945,   4699,   5597,   6667,   7941,  9459,  11267, 13420, 15984, 19038,
+    22676,  27009,  32169,  38315,  45635, 54353, 64737, 77104, 91834, 109378,
+    130273, 155159, 184799, 220100, 262144};
+const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_1[124] = {
+    0,  0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  3,  3,  3,  4,  4,  5,  5,  6,  6,  6,
+    7,  7,  7,  8,  9,  9,  10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15,
+    15, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23, 24,
+    24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 27, 27, 28, 29, 29, 30, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32, 33,
+    33, 34, 34, 34, 35, 35, 36, 37, 37, 37, 38, 38, 39, 39, 40, 40, 41, 41,
+    42, 42, 43, 43, 44, 44, 45, 45, 46, 46, 47, 47, 48, 48, 49, 49, 50, 50,
+    51, 51, 52, 52, 53, 53, 54, 54, 55, 55, 56, 56, 57, 57, 58, 58};
+const int grpc_stats_table_2[129] = {
+    0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9,   10,  11,  12,  13,  14,
+    15,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  30,
+    32,  34,  36,  38,  40,  42,  44,  46,  48,  50,  52,  54,  56,  58,  60,
+    63,  66,  69,  72,  75,  78,  81,  84,  87,  90,  94,  98,  102, 106, 110,
+    114, 118, 122, 126, 131, 136, 141, 146, 151, 156, 162, 168, 174, 180, 186,
+    192, 199, 206, 213, 220, 228, 236, 244, 252, 260, 269, 278, 287, 297, 307,
+    317, 327, 338, 349, 360, 372, 384, 396, 409, 422, 436, 450, 464, 479, 494,
+    510, 526, 543, 560, 578, 596, 615, 634, 654, 674, 695, 717, 739, 762, 785,
+    809, 834, 859, 885, 912, 939, 967, 996, 1024};
+const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_3[166] = {
+    0,  0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  3,  3,  4,  4,  5,  5,  6,  6,  7,  7,
+    8,  8,  9,  9,  10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16, 16, 16,
+    17, 17, 18, 19, 19, 20, 21, 21, 22, 23, 23, 24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 27, 27, 28,
+    28, 29, 29, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32, 32, 33, 33, 34, 34, 35, 36, 36, 37, 38, 39,
+    40, 40, 41, 42, 42, 43, 44, 44, 45, 46, 46, 47, 48, 48, 49, 49, 50, 50, 51,
+    51, 52, 52, 53, 53, 54, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 63, 64,
+    65, 65, 66, 67, 67, 68, 69, 69, 70, 71, 71, 72, 72, 73, 73, 74, 75, 75, 76,
+    76, 77, 78, 79, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 85, 86, 87, 88, 88, 89, 90, 90,
+    91, 92, 92, 93, 94, 94, 95, 95, 96, 97, 97, 98, 98, 99};
+const int grpc_stats_table_4[65] = {
     0,       1,       2,       3,       4,       6,       8,        11,
     15,      20,      26,      34,      44,      57,      73,       94,
     121,     155,     199,     255,     327,     419,     537,      688,
@@ -100,26 +304,82 @@ const int grpc_stats_table_0[65] = {
     326126,  417200,  533707,  682750,  873414,  1117323, 1429345,  1828502,
     2339127, 2992348, 3827987, 4896985, 6264509, 8013925, 10251880, 13114801,
     16777216};
-const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_1[87] = {
+const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_5[87] = {
     0,  0,  1,  1,  2,  3,  3,  4,  4,  5,  6,  6,  7,  8,  8,  9,  10, 11,
     11, 12, 13, 13, 14, 15, 15, 16, 17, 17, 18, 19, 20, 20, 21, 22, 22, 23,
     24, 25, 25, 26, 27, 27, 28, 29, 29, 30, 31, 31, 32, 33, 34, 34, 35, 36,
     36, 37, 38, 39, 39, 40, 41, 41, 42, 43, 44, 44, 45, 45, 46, 47, 48, 48,
     49, 50, 51, 51, 52, 53, 53, 54, 55, 56, 56, 57, 58, 58, 59};
-const int grpc_stats_table_2[65] = {
+const int grpc_stats_table_6[65] = {
     0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9,   10,  11,  12,
     14,  16,  18,  20,  22,  24,  27,  30,  33,  36,  39,  43,  47,
     51,  56,  61,  66,  72,  78,  85,  92,  100, 109, 118, 128, 139,
     151, 164, 178, 193, 209, 226, 244, 264, 285, 308, 333, 359, 387,
     418, 451, 486, 524, 565, 609, 656, 707, 762, 821, 884, 952, 1024};
-const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_3[102] = {
+const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_7[102] = {
     0,  0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  3,  3,  4,  4,  5,  5,  6,  6,
     6,  7,  7,  7,  8,  8,  9,  9,  10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14,
     14, 15, 15, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 21, 21, 22, 22, 23,
     23, 24, 24, 24, 25, 26, 27, 27, 28, 28, 29, 29, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32,
     32, 33, 33, 34, 35, 35, 36, 37, 37, 38, 38, 39, 39, 40, 40, 41, 41,
     42, 42, 43, 44, 44, 45, 46, 46, 47, 48, 48, 49, 49, 50, 50, 51, 51};
+const int grpc_stats_table_8[9] = {0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 13, 23, 39, 64};
+const uint8_t grpc_stats_table_9[9] = {0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5};
+void grpc_stats_inc_call_initial_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 262144);
+  if (value < 6) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE,
+                             value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4651092515166879744ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_1[((_val.uint - 4618441417868443648ull) >> 49)] + 6;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_0[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE,
+                             bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE,
+                           grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_0, 64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_poll_events_returned(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
+  if (value < 29) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                             GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED, value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4642789003353915392ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_3[((_val.uint - 4628855992006737920ull) >> 47)] + 29;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_2[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                             GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED, bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                           GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED,
+                           grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_2, 128));
+}
 void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
   value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 16777216);
   if (value < 5) {
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE,
@@ -133,8 +393,8 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   _val.dbl = value;
   if (_val.uint < 4683743612465315840ull) {
     int bucket =
-        grpc_stats_table_1[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
-    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_0[bucket];
+        grpc_stats_table_5[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_4[bucket];
     bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE,
                              bucket);
@@ -142,9 +402,10 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   }
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE,
                            grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
-                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_0, 64));
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_4, 64));
 }
 void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
   value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
   if (value < 13) {
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
@@ -158,8 +419,8 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   _val.dbl = value;
   if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
     int bucket =
-        grpc_stats_table_3[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
-    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_2[bucket];
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
     bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
                              GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_IOV_SIZE, bucket);
@@ -167,9 +428,10 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   }
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_IOV_SIZE,
                            grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
-                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_2, 64));
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6, 64));
 }
 void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
   value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 16777216);
   if (value < 5) {
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE,
@@ -183,8 +445,8 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   _val.dbl = value;
   if (_val.uint < 4683743612465315840ull) {
     int bucket =
-        grpc_stats_table_1[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
-    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_0[bucket];
+        grpc_stats_table_5[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_4[bucket];
     bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE,
                              bucket);
@@ -192,9 +454,10 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   }
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE,
                            grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
-                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_0, 64));
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_4, 64));
 }
 void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
   value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 16777216);
   if (value < 5) {
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER,
@@ -208,8 +471,8 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   _val.dbl = value;
   if (_val.uint < 4683743612465315840ull) {
     int bucket =
-        grpc_stats_table_1[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
-    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_0[bucket];
+        grpc_stats_table_5[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_4[bucket];
     bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER,
                              bucket);
@@ -217,10 +480,11 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
   }
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER,
                            grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
-                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_0, 64));
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_4, 64));
 }
 void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                             int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
   value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
   if (value < 13) {
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
@@ -234,8 +498,8 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   _val.dbl = value;
   if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
     int bucket =
-        grpc_stats_table_3[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
-    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_2[bucket];
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
     bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
         (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_IOV_SIZE, bucket);
@@ -244,10 +508,11 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
                            GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_IOV_SIZE,
                            grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
-                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_2, 64));
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6, 64));
 }
 void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                             int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
   value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 16777216);
   if (value < 5) {
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
@@ -261,8 +526,8 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   _val.dbl = value;
   if (_val.uint < 4683743612465315840ull) {
     int bucket =
-        grpc_stats_table_1[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
-    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_0[bucket];
+        grpc_stats_table_5[((_val.uint - 4617315517961601024ull) >> 50)] + 5;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_4[bucket];
     bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
     GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
         (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE, bucket);
@@ -271,17 +536,200 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
                            GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE,
                            grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
-                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_0, 64));
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_4, 64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_initial_metadata_per_write(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
+  if (value < 13) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+        value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+        bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+      (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+      grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow((exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6,
+                                        64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_per_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
+  if (value < 13) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE, value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE, bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                           GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE,
+                           grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6, 64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_trailing_metadata_per_write(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
+  if (value < 13) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+        value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+        bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+      (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+      grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow((exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6,
+                                        64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_flowctl_per_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
+  if (value < 13) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE, value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE, bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                           GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE,
+                           grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6, 64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_executor_closures_per_wakeup(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 1024);
+  if (value < 13) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP, value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4637863191261478912ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_7[((_val.uint - 4623507967449235456ull) >> 48)] + 13;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_6[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM(
+        (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP, bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                           GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP,
+                           grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_6, 64));
+}
+void grpc_stats_inc_server_cqs_checked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int value) {
+  /* Automatically generated by tools/codegen/core/gen_stats_data.py */
+  value = GPR_CLAMP(value, 0, 64);
+  if (value < 3) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                             GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED, value);
+    return;
+  }
+  union {
+    double dbl;
+    uint64_t uint;
+  } _val, _bkt;
+  _val.dbl = value;
+  if (_val.uint < 4625196817309499392ull) {
+    int bucket =
+        grpc_stats_table_9[((_val.uint - 4613937818241073152ull) >> 51)] + 3;
+    _bkt.dbl = grpc_stats_table_8[bucket];
+    bucket -= (_val.uint < _bkt.uint);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx),
+                             GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED, bucket);
+    return;
+  }
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED,
+                           grpc_stats_histo_find_bucket_slow(
+                               (exec_ctx), value, grpc_stats_table_8, 8));
 }
-const int grpc_stats_histo_buckets[6] = {64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64};
-const int grpc_stats_histo_start[6] = {0, 64, 128, 192, 256, 320};
-const int *const grpc_stats_histo_bucket_boundaries[6] = {
-    grpc_stats_table_0, grpc_stats_table_2, grpc_stats_table_0,
-    grpc_stats_table_0, grpc_stats_table_2, grpc_stats_table_0};
-void (*const grpc_stats_inc_histogram[6])(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x) = {
+const int grpc_stats_histo_buckets[14] = {64, 128, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64,
+                                          64, 64,  64, 64, 64, 64, 8};
+const int grpc_stats_histo_start[14] = {0,   64,  192, 256, 320, 384, 448,
+                                        512, 576, 640, 704, 768, 832, 896};
+const int *const grpc_stats_histo_bucket_boundaries[14] = {
+    grpc_stats_table_0, grpc_stats_table_2, grpc_stats_table_4,
+    grpc_stats_table_6, grpc_stats_table_4, grpc_stats_table_4,
+    grpc_stats_table_6, grpc_stats_table_4, grpc_stats_table_6,
+    grpc_stats_table_6, grpc_stats_table_6, grpc_stats_table_6,
+    grpc_stats_table_6, grpc_stats_table_8};
+void (*const grpc_stats_inc_histogram[14])(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x) = {
+    grpc_stats_inc_call_initial_size,
+    grpc_stats_inc_poll_events_returned,
     grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_size,
     grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_iov_size,
     grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_size,
     grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer,
     grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer_iov_size,
-    grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size};
+    grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size,
+    grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_initial_metadata_per_write,
+    grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_per_write,
+    grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_trailing_metadata_per_write,
+    grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_flowctl_per_write,
+    grpc_stats_inc_executor_closures_per_wakeup,
+    grpc_stats_inc_server_cqs_checked};
diff --git a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.h b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.h
index 3151e5ab5c..6c0ad30543 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.h
@@ -27,11 +27,23 @@
 typedef enum {
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CLIENT_CALLS_CREATED,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_CALLS_CREATED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CQS_CREATED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CLIENT_CHANNELS_CREATED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CLIENT_SUBCHANNELS_CREATED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_CHANNELS_CREATED,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_POLL,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_WAIT,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICKED_WITHOUT_POLLER,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK_OWN_THREAD,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HISTOGRAM_SLOW_LOOKUPS,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_WRITE,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_READ,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_TCP_BACKUP_POLLERS_CREATED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_TCP_BACKUP_POLLER_POLLS,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_BATCHES,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_CANCEL,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA,
@@ -40,60 +52,164 @@ typedef enum {
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_RECV_MESSAGE,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_RECV_TRAILING_METADATA,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_SETTINGS_WRITES,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_PINGS_SENT,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_WRITES_BEGUN,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_WRITES_OFFLOADED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_WRITES_CONTINUED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITES,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_INITIAL_WRITE,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_START_NEW_STREAM,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_MESSAGE,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RETRY_SEND_PING,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CONTINUE_PINGS,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_GOAWAY_SENT,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RST_STREAM,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CLOSE_FROM_API,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_SETTINGS,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_APPLICATION_PING,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_KEEPALIVE_PING,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_PING_RESPONSE,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FORCE_RST_STREAM,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_INDEXED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX_V,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_UNCOMPRESSED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_HUFFMAN,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_BINARY,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_BINARY_BASE64,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_INDEXED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX_V,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NVRIDX,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_UNCOMPRESSED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_HUFFMAN,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_BINARY,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_BINARY_BASE64,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COMBINER_LOCKS_INITIATED,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COMBINER_LOCKS_SCHEDULED_ITEMS,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COMBINER_LOCKS_SCHEDULED_FINAL_ITEMS,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COMBINER_LOCKS_OFFLOADED,
-  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_ITEMS,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_SHORT_ITEMS,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_LONG_ITEMS,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_TO_SELF,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_WAKEUP_INITIATED,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_QUEUE_DRAINED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_PUSH_RETRIES,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_THREADS_CREATED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_THREADS_USED,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS,
+  GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_SLOWPATH_REQUESTS_QUEUED,
   GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT
 } grpc_stats_counters;
 extern const char *grpc_stats_counter_name[GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT];
 extern const char *grpc_stats_counter_doc[GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COUNT];
 typedef enum {
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_IOV_SIZE,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_IOV_SIZE,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_COUNT
 } grpc_stats_histograms;
 extern const char *grpc_stats_histogram_name[GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_COUNT];
 extern const char *grpc_stats_histogram_doc[GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_COUNT];
 typedef enum {
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 0,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 0,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE_BUCKETS = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED_FIRST_SLOT = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED_BUCKETS = 128,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 192,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_SIZE_BUCKETS = 64,
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_IOV_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_IOV_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 256,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_WRITE_IOV_SIZE_BUCKETS = 64,
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 128,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 320,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_SIZE_BUCKETS = 64,
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_FIRST_SLOT = 192,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_FIRST_SLOT = 384,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_BUCKETS = 64,
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_IOV_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 256,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_IOV_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 448,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_TCP_READ_OFFER_IOV_SIZE_BUCKETS = 64,
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 320,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE_FIRST_SLOT = 512,
   GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE_BUCKETS = 64,
-  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_BUCKETS = 384
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE_FIRST_SLOT = 576,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE_BUCKETS = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE_FIRST_SLOT = 640,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE_BUCKETS = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE_FIRST_SLOT = 704,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE_BUCKETS = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE_FIRST_SLOT = 768,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE_BUCKETS = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP_FIRST_SLOT = 832,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP_BUCKETS = 64,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED_FIRST_SLOT = 896,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED_BUCKETS = 8,
+  GRPC_STATS_HISTOGRAM_BUCKETS = 904
 } grpc_stats_histogram_constants;
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_CLIENT_CALLS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CLIENT_CALLS_CREATED)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CALLS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_CALLS_CREATED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_CQS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CQS_CREATED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_CLIENT_CHANNELS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CLIENT_CHANNELS_CREATED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_CLIENT_SUBCHANNELS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_CLIENT_SUBCHANNELS_CREATED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CHANNELS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_CHANNELS_CREATED)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_SYSCALL_POLL(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_POLL)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_SYSCALL_WAIT(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_WAIT)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_WITHOUT_POLLER(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                           \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICKED_WITHOUT_POLLER)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_OWN_THREAD(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_POLLSET_KICK_OWN_THREAD)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HISTOGRAM_SLOW_LOOKUPS(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HISTOGRAM_SLOW_LOOKUPS)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_SYSCALL_WRITE(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_WRITE)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_SYSCALL_READ(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SYSCALL_READ)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_TCP_BACKUP_POLLERS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_TCP_BACKUP_POLLERS_CREATED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_TCP_BACKUP_POLLER_POLLS(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_TCP_BACKUP_POLLER_POLLS)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_OP_BATCHES(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_BATCHES)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_OP_CANCEL(exec_ctx) \
@@ -114,10 +230,165 @@ typedef enum {
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_OP_RECV_TRAILING_METADATA(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                             \
                          GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_OP_RECV_TRAILING_METADATA)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SETTINGS_WRITES(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_SETTINGS_WRITES)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_PINGS_SENT(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_PINGS_SENT)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_WRITES_BEGUN(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_WRITES_BEGUN)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_WRITES_OFFLOADED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_WRITES_OFFLOADED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_WRITES_CONTINUED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_WRITES_CONTINUED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITES(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_PARTIAL_WRITES)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_INITIAL_WRITE(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                  \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                          \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_INITIAL_WRITE)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_START_NEW_STREAM(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                     \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                             \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_START_NEW_STREAM)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_MESSAGE(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                 \
+      (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_MESSAGE)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                             \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                 \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                         \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                              \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                  \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                          \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RETRY_SEND_PING(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                    \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                            \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RETRY_SEND_PING)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CONTINUE_PINGS(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                   \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                           \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CONTINUE_PINGS)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_GOAWAY_SENT(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                \
+      (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_GOAWAY_SENT)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RST_STREAM(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                               \
+      (exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_RST_STREAM)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CLOSE_FROM_API(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                   \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                           \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_CLOSE_FROM_API)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                           \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                               \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                       \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_STREAM_FLOW_CONTROL)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                              \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                  \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                          \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_SETTINGS(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                  \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                          \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_SEND_SETTINGS)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                          \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                              \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                      \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_BDP_ESTIMATOR_PING)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                                         \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                             \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                                     \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_SETTING)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                                        \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                            \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                                    \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED_BY_UPDATE)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_APPLICATION_PING(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                     \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                             \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_APPLICATION_PING)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_KEEPALIVE_PING(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                   \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                           \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_KEEPALIVE_PING)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED( \
+    exec_ctx)                                                                        \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                            \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                                    \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_TRANSPORT_FLOW_CONTROL_UNSTALLED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_PING_RESPONSE(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                  \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                          \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_PING_RESPONSE)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FORCE_RST_STREAM(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER(                                                     \
+      (exec_ctx),                                                             \
+      GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HTTP2_INITIATE_WRITE_DUE_TO_FORCE_RST_STREAM)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_INDEXED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_INDEXED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX_V(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_INCIDX_V)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_UNCOMPRESSED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_HUFFMAN(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_HUFFMAN)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_BINARY(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_BINARY)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_RECV_BINARY_BASE64(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_RECV_BINARY_BASE64)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_INDEXED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_INDEXED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX_V(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_INCIDX_V)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NOTIDX_V)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NVRIDX(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NVRIDX)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_LITHDR_NVRIDX_V)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_UNCOMPRESSED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_UNCOMPRESSED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_HUFFMAN(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_HUFFMAN)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_BINARY(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_BINARY)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HPACK_SEND_BINARY_BASE64(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_HPACK_SEND_BINARY_BASE64)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_COMBINER_LOCKS_INITIATED(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
                          GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COMBINER_LOCKS_INITIATED)
@@ -130,9 +401,12 @@ typedef enum {
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_COMBINER_LOCKS_OFFLOADED(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
                          GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_COMBINER_LOCKS_OFFLOADED)
-#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_ITEMS(exec_ctx) \
-  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
-                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_ITEMS)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_SHORT_ITEMS(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                            \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_SHORT_ITEMS)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_LONG_ITEMS(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                           \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_LONG_ITEMS)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_TO_SELF(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                        \
                          GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_TO_SELF)
@@ -141,6 +415,24 @@ typedef enum {
                          GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_WAKEUP_INITIATED)
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_QUEUE_DRAINED(exec_ctx) \
   GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_QUEUE_DRAINED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_PUSH_RETRIES(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_PUSH_RETRIES)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_THREADS_CREATED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                      \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_THREADS_CREATED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_THREADS_USED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_EXECUTOR_THREADS_USED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx), GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_SLOWPATH_REQUESTS_QUEUED(exec_ctx) \
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_COUNTER((exec_ctx),                             \
+                         GRPC_STATS_COUNTER_SERVER_SLOWPATH_REQUESTS_QUEUED)
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_call_initial_size((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_call_initial_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_poll_events_returned((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_poll_events_returned(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_TCP_WRITE_SIZE(exec_ctx, value) \
   grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_size((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
 void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_write_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
@@ -159,10 +451,34 @@ void grpc_stats_inc_tcp_read_offer_iov_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
 #define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_SIZE(exec_ctx, value) \
   grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
 void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_size(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
-extern const int grpc_stats_histo_buckets[6];
-extern const int grpc_stats_histo_start[6];
-extern const int *const grpc_stats_histo_bucket_boundaries[6];
-extern void (*const grpc_stats_inc_histogram[6])(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA_PER_WRITE(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_initial_metadata_per_write((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_initial_metadata_per_write(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_MESSAGE_PER_WRITE(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_per_write((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_message_per_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 int x);
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_TRAILING_METADATA_PER_WRITE(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_trailing_metadata_per_write((exec_ctx),            \
+                                                        (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_trailing_metadata_per_write(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_HTTP2_SEND_FLOWCTL_PER_WRITE(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_flowctl_per_write((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_http2_send_flowctl_per_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 int x);
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_executor_closures_per_wakeup((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_executor_closures_per_wakeup(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                                  int x);
+#define GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED(exec_ctx, value) \
+  grpc_stats_inc_server_cqs_checked((exec_ctx), (int)(value))
+void grpc_stats_inc_server_cqs_checked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, int x);
+extern const int grpc_stats_histo_buckets[14];
+extern const int grpc_stats_histo_start[14];
+extern const int *const grpc_stats_histo_bucket_boundaries[14];
+extern void (*const grpc_stats_inc_histogram[14])(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                  int x);
 
 #endif /* GRPC_CORE_LIB_DEBUG_STATS_DATA_H */
diff --git a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.yaml b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.yaml
index 53f6ff0074..de575f01c7 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.yaml
+++ b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.yaml
@@ -20,11 +20,49 @@
   doc: Number of client side calls created by this process
 - counter: server_calls_created
   doc: Number of server side calls created by this process
+- histogram: call_initial_size
+  max: 262144
+  buckets: 64
+  doc: Initial size of the grpc_call arena created at call start
+- counter: cqs_created
+  doc: Number of completion queues created
+- counter: client_channels_created
+  doc: Number of client channels created
+- counter: client_subchannels_created
+  doc: Number of client subchannels created
+- counter: server_channels_created
+  doc: Number of server channels created
 # polling
 - counter: syscall_poll
   doc: Number of polling syscalls (epoll_wait, poll, etc) made by this process
 - counter: syscall_wait
   doc: Number of sleeping syscalls made by this process
+- histogram: poll_events_returned
+  max: 1024
+  buckets: 128
+  doc: How many events are called for each syscall_poll
+- counter: pollset_kick
+  doc: How many polling wakeups were performed by the process
+       (only valid for epoll1 right now)
+- counter: pollset_kicked_without_poller
+  doc: How many times was a polling wakeup requested without an active poller
+       (only valid for epoll1 right now)
+- counter: pollset_kicked_again
+  doc: How many times was the same polling worker awoken repeatedly before
+       waking up
+       (only valid for epoll1 right now)
+- counter: pollset_kick_wakeup_fd
+  doc: How many times was an eventfd used as the wakeup vector for a polling
+       wakeup
+       (only valid for epoll1 right now)
+- counter: pollset_kick_wakeup_cv
+  doc: How many times was a condition variable used as the wakeup vector for a
+       polling wakeup
+       (only valid for epoll1 right now)
+- counter: pollset_kick_own_thread
+  doc: How many times could a polling wakeup be satisfied by keeping the waking
+       thread awake?
+       (only valid for epoll1 right now)
 # stats system
 - counter: histogram_slow_lookups
   doc: Number of times histogram increments went through the slow
@@ -54,6 +92,10 @@
   max: 1024
   buckets: 64
   doc: Number of byte segments offered to each syscall_read
+- counter: tcp_backup_pollers_created
+  doc: Number of times a backup poller has been created (this can be expensive)
+- counter: tcp_backup_poller_polls
+  doc: Number of polls performed on the backup poller
 # chttp2
 - counter: http2_op_batches
   doc: Number of batches received by HTTP2 transport
@@ -75,10 +117,122 @@
   max: 16777216
   buckets: 64
   doc: Size of messages received by HTTP2 transport
+- histogram: http2_send_initial_metadata_per_write
+  max: 1024
+  buckets: 64
+  doc: Number of streams initiated written per TCP write
+- histogram: http2_send_message_per_write
+  max: 1024
+  buckets: 64
+  doc: Number of streams whose payload was written per TCP write
+- histogram: http2_send_trailing_metadata_per_write
+  max: 1024
+  buckets: 64
+  doc: Number of streams terminated per TCP write
+- histogram: http2_send_flowctl_per_write
+  max: 1024
+  buckets: 64
+  doc: Number of flow control updates written per TCP write
+- counter: http2_settings_writes
+  doc: Number of settings frames sent
 - counter: http2_pings_sent
   doc: Number of HTTP2 pings sent by process
 - counter: http2_writes_begun
   doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated
+- counter: http2_writes_offloaded
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes offloaded to the executor from application threads
+- counter: http2_writes_continued
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes that finished seeing more data needed to be
+       written
+- counter: http2_partial_writes
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes that were made knowing there was still more data
+       to be written (we cap maximum write size to syscall_write)
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_initial_write
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'initial_write'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_start_new_stream
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'start_new_stream'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_message
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_message'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_initial_metadata
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_initial_metadata'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_trailing_metadata
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_trailing_metadata'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_retry_send_ping
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'retry_send_ping'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_continue_pings
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'continue_pings'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_goaway_sent
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'goaway_sent'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_rst_stream
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'rst_stream'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_close_from_api
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'close_from_api'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_stream_flow_control
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'stream_flow_control'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_transport_flow_control
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'transport_flow_control'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_settings
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'send_settings'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_bdp_estimator_ping
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'bdp_estimator_ping'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_flow_control_unstalled_by_setting
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'flow_control_unstalled_by_setting'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_flow_control_unstalled_by_update
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'flow_control_unstalled_by_update'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_application_ping
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'application_ping'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_keepalive_ping
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'keepalive_ping'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_transport_flow_control_unstalled
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'transport_flow_control_unstalled'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_ping_response
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'ping_response'
+- counter: http2_initiate_write_due_to_force_rst_stream
+  doc: Number of HTTP2 writes initiated due to 'force_rst_stream'
+- counter: hpack_recv_indexed
+  doc: Number of HPACK indexed fields received
+- counter: hpack_recv_lithdr_incidx
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers received with incremental indexing
+- counter: hpack_recv_lithdr_incidx_v
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers received with incremental indexing and literal keys
+- counter: hpack_recv_lithdr_notidx
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers received with no indexing
+- counter: hpack_recv_lithdr_notidx_v
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers received with no indexing and literal keys
+- counter: hpack_recv_lithdr_nvridx
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers received with never-indexing
+- counter: hpack_recv_lithdr_nvridx_v
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers received with never-indexing and literal keys
+- counter: hpack_recv_uncompressed
+  doc: Number of uncompressed strings received in metadata
+- counter: hpack_recv_huffman
+  doc: Number of huffman encoded strings received in metadata
+- counter: hpack_recv_binary
+  doc: Number of binary strings received in metadata
+- counter: hpack_recv_binary_base64
+  doc: Number of binary strings received encoded in base64 in metadata
+- counter: hpack_send_indexed
+  doc: Number of HPACK indexed fields sent
+- counter: hpack_send_lithdr_incidx
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers sent with incremental indexing
+- counter: hpack_send_lithdr_incidx_v
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers sent with incremental indexing and literal keys
+- counter: hpack_send_lithdr_notidx
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers sent with no indexing
+- counter: hpack_send_lithdr_notidx_v
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers sent with no indexing and literal keys
+- counter: hpack_send_lithdr_nvridx
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers sent with never-indexing
+- counter: hpack_send_lithdr_nvridx_v
+  doc: Number of HPACK literal headers sent with never-indexing and literal keys
+- counter: hpack_send_uncompressed
+  doc: Number of uncompressed strings sent in metadata
+- counter: hpack_send_huffman
+  doc: Number of huffman encoded strings sent in metadata
+- counter: hpack_send_binary
+  doc: Number of binary strings received in metadata
+- counter: hpack_send_binary_base64
+  doc: Number of binary strings received encoded in base64 in metadata
 # combiner locks
 - counter: combiner_locks_initiated
   doc: Number of combiner lock entries by process
@@ -90,11 +244,37 @@
 - counter: combiner_locks_offloaded
   doc: Number of combiner locks offloaded to different threads
 # executor
-- counter: executor_scheduled_items
-  doc: Number of closures scheduled against the executor (gRPC thread pool)
+- counter: executor_scheduled_short_items
+  doc: Number of finite runtime closures scheduled against the executor
+       (gRPC thread pool)
+- counter: executor_scheduled_long_items
+  doc: Number of potentially infinite runtime closures scheduled against the
+       executor (gRPC thread pool)
 - counter: executor_scheduled_to_self
   doc: Number of closures scheduled by the executor to the executor
 - counter: executor_wakeup_initiated
   doc: Number of thread wakeups initiated within the executor
 - counter: executor_queue_drained
   doc: Number of times an executor queue was drained
+- counter: executor_push_retries
+  doc: Number of times we raced and were forced to retry pushing a closure to
+       the executor
+- counter: executor_threads_created
+  doc: Size of the backing thread pool for overflow gRPC Core work
+- counter: executor_threads_used
+  doc: How many executor threads actually got used
+- histogram: executor_closures_per_wakeup
+  max: 1024
+  buckets: 64
+  doc: Number of closures executed each time an executor wakes up
+# server
+- counter: server_requested_calls
+  doc: How many calls were requested (not necessarily received) by the server
+- histogram: server_cqs_checked
+  buckets: 8
+  max: 64
+  doc: How many completion queues were checked looking for a CQ that had
+       requested the incoming call
+- counter: server_slowpath_requests_queued
+  doc: How many times was the server slow path taken (indicates too few
+       outstanding requests)
diff --git a/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data_bq_schema.sql b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data_bq_schema.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0611ccaff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/lib/debug/stats_data_bq_schema.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+client_calls_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+server_calls_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+cqs_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+client_channels_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+client_subchannels_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+server_channels_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+syscall_poll_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+syscall_wait_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+pollset_kick_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+pollset_kicked_without_poller_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+pollset_kicked_again_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+pollset_kick_wakeup_fd_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+pollset_kick_wakeup_cv_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+pollset_kick_own_thread_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+histogram_slow_lookups_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+syscall_write_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+syscall_read_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+tcp_backup_pollers_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+tcp_backup_poller_polls_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_batches_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_cancel_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_send_initial_metadata_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_send_message_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_send_trailing_metadata_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_recv_initial_metadata_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_recv_message_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_op_recv_trailing_metadata_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_settings_writes_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_pings_sent_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_writes_begun_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_writes_offloaded_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_writes_continued_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_partial_writes_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_initial_write_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_start_new_stream_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_message_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_initial_metadata_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_trailing_metadata_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_retry_send_ping_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_continue_pings_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_goaway_sent_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_rst_stream_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_close_from_api_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_stream_flow_control_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_transport_flow_control_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_send_settings_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_bdp_estimator_ping_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_flow_control_unstalled_by_setting_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_flow_control_unstalled_by_update_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_application_ping_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_keepalive_ping_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_transport_flow_control_unstalled_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_ping_response_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+http2_initiate_write_due_to_force_rst_stream_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_indexed_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_lithdr_incidx_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_lithdr_incidx_v_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_lithdr_notidx_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_lithdr_notidx_v_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_lithdr_nvridx_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_lithdr_nvridx_v_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_uncompressed_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_huffman_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_binary_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_recv_binary_base64_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_indexed_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_lithdr_incidx_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_lithdr_incidx_v_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_lithdr_notidx_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_lithdr_notidx_v_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_lithdr_nvridx_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_lithdr_nvridx_v_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_uncompressed_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_huffman_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_binary_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+hpack_send_binary_base64_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+combiner_locks_initiated_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+combiner_locks_scheduled_items_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+combiner_locks_scheduled_final_items_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+combiner_locks_offloaded_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_scheduled_short_items_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_scheduled_long_items_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_scheduled_to_self_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_wakeup_initiated_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_queue_drained_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_push_retries_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_threads_created_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+executor_threads_used_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+server_requested_calls_per_iteration:FLOAT,
+server_slowpath_requests_queued_per_iteration:FLOAT
diff --git a/src/core/lib/debug/trace.h b/src/core/lib/debug/trace.h
index dd9e6a30fe..64f2e3fc33 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/debug/trace.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/debug/trace.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ typedef struct {
 #else
   bool value;
 #endif
-  char *name;
+  const char *name;
 } grpc_tracer_flag;
 
 #ifdef GRPC_THREADSAFE_TRACER
diff --git a/src/core/lib/http/format_request.c b/src/core/lib/http/format_request.c
index f887726eea..88fb0ab0b6 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/http/format_request.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/http/format_request.c
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ grpc_slice grpc_httpcli_format_post_request(const grpc_httpcli_request *request,
   gpr_strvec_destroy(&out);
 
   if (body_bytes) {
-    tmp = gpr_realloc(tmp, out_len + body_size);
+    tmp = (char *)gpr_realloc(tmp, out_len + body_size);
     memcpy(tmp + out_len, body_bytes, body_size);
     out_len += body_size;
   }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/http/httpcli.c b/src/core/lib/http/httpcli.c
index 77af7b7c08..db995943a9 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/http/httpcli.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/http/httpcli.c
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ static void do_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, internal_request *req) {
 
 static void on_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *user_data,
                     grpc_error *error) {
-  internal_request *req = user_data;
+  internal_request *req = (internal_request *)user_data;
   size_t i;
 
   for (i = 0; i < req->incoming.count; i++) {
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ static void on_written(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, internal_request *req) {
 }
 
 static void done_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
-  internal_request *req = arg;
+  internal_request *req = (internal_request *)arg;
   if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     on_written(exec_ctx, req);
   } else {
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ static void start_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, internal_request *req) {
 
 static void on_handshake_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                               grpc_endpoint *ep) {
-  internal_request *req = arg;
+  internal_request *req = (internal_request *)arg;
 
   if (!ep) {
     next_address(exec_ctx, req, GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ static void on_handshake_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
 
 static void on_connected(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                          grpc_error *error) {
-  internal_request *req = arg;
+  internal_request *req = (internal_request *)arg;
 
   if (!req->ep) {
     next_address(exec_ctx, req, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ static void next_address(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, internal_request *req,
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&req->connected, on_connected, req,
                     grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
   grpc_arg arg = grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create(
-      GRPC_ARG_RESOURCE_QUOTA, req->resource_quota,
+      (char *)GRPC_ARG_RESOURCE_QUOTA, req->resource_quota,
       grpc_resource_quota_arg_vtable());
   grpc_channel_args args = {1, &arg};
   grpc_tcp_client_connect(exec_ctx, &req->connected, &req->ep,
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ static void next_address(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, internal_request *req,
 }
 
 static void on_resolved(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
-  internal_request *req = arg;
+  internal_request *req = (internal_request *)arg;
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     finish(exec_ctx, req, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
     return;
@@ -243,7 +243,8 @@ static void internal_request_begin(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                    gpr_timespec deadline, grpc_closure *on_done,
                                    grpc_httpcli_response *response,
                                    const char *name, grpc_slice request_text) {
-  internal_request *req = gpr_malloc(sizeof(internal_request));
+  internal_request *req =
+      (internal_request *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(internal_request));
   memset(req, 0, sizeof(*req));
   req->request_text = request_text;
   grpc_http_parser_init(&req->parser, GRPC_HTTP_RESPONSE, response);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/http/httpcli_security_connector.c b/src/core/lib/http/httpcli_security_connector.c
index 97c2886525..c553fa3981 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/http/httpcli_security_connector.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/http/httpcli_security_connector.c
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ static void httpcli_ssl_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_httpcli_ssl_channel_security_connector *c =
       (grpc_httpcli_ssl_channel_security_connector *)sc;
   if (c->handshaker_factory != NULL) {
-    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy(c->handshaker_factory);
+    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_unref(c->handshaker_factory);
+    c->handshaker_factory = NULL;
   }
   if (c->secure_peer_name != NULL) gpr_free(c->secure_peer_name);
   gpr_free(sc);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/http/parser.c b/src/core/lib/http/parser.c
index 9c5e93f4e5..0950bd655e 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/http/parser.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/http/parser.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 grpc_tracer_flag grpc_http1_trace = GRPC_TRACER_INITIALIZER(false, "http1");
 
 static char *buf2str(void *buffer, size_t length) {
-  char *out = gpr_malloc(length + 1);
+  char *out = (char *)gpr_malloc(length + 1);
   memcpy(out, buffer, length);
   out[length] = 0;
   return out;
@@ -197,7 +197,8 @@ static grpc_error *add_header(grpc_http_parser *parser) {
   if (*hdr_count == parser->hdr_capacity) {
     parser->hdr_capacity =
         GPR_MAX(parser->hdr_capacity + 1, parser->hdr_capacity * 3 / 2);
-    *hdrs = gpr_realloc(*hdrs, parser->hdr_capacity * sizeof(**hdrs));
+    *hdrs = (grpc_http_header *)gpr_realloc(
+        *hdrs, parser->hdr_capacity * sizeof(**hdrs));
   }
   (*hdrs)[(*hdr_count)++] = hdr;
 
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ static grpc_error *addbyte_body(grpc_http_parser *parser, uint8_t byte) {
 
   if (*body_length == parser->body_capacity) {
     parser->body_capacity = GPR_MAX(8, parser->body_capacity * 3 / 2);
-    *body = gpr_realloc((void *)*body, parser->body_capacity);
+    *body = (char *)gpr_realloc((void *)*body, parser->body_capacity);
   }
   (*body)[*body_length] = (char)byte;
   (*body_length)++;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.c
index 26f9cbe0fa..00edefc6ae 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.c
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ typedef struct {
 
 static void closure_wrapper(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                             grpc_error *error) {
-  wrapped_closure *wc = arg;
+  wrapped_closure *wc = (wrapped_closure *)arg;
   grpc_iomgr_cb_func cb = wc->cb;
   void *cb_arg = wc->cb_arg;
   gpr_free(wc);
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ grpc_closure *grpc_closure_create(const char *file, int line,
 grpc_closure *grpc_closure_create(grpc_iomgr_cb_func cb, void *cb_arg,
                                   grpc_closure_scheduler *scheduler) {
 #endif
-  wrapped_closure *wc = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*wc));
+  wrapped_closure *wc = (wrapped_closure *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*wc));
   wc->cb = cb;
   wc->cb_arg = cb_arg;
 #ifndef NDEBUG
@@ -167,7 +167,14 @@ void grpc_closure_sched(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure *c,
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_closure_sched", 0);
   if (c != NULL) {
 #ifndef NDEBUG
-    GPR_ASSERT(!c->scheduled);
+    if (c->scheduled) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+              "Closure already scheduled. (closure: %p, created: [%s:%d], "
+              "previously scheduled at: [%s: %d] run?: %s",
+              c, c->file_created, c->line_created, c->file_initiated,
+              c->line_initiated, c->run ? "true" : "false");
+      abort();
+    }
     c->scheduled = true;
     c->file_initiated = file;
     c->line_initiated = line;
@@ -191,7 +198,14 @@ void grpc_closure_list_sched(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure_list *list) {
   while (c != NULL) {
     grpc_closure *next = c->next_data.next;
 #ifndef NDEBUG
-    GPR_ASSERT(!c->scheduled);
+    if (c->scheduled) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+              "Closure already scheduled. (closure: %p, created: [%s:%d], "
+              "previously scheduled at: [%s: %d] run?: %s",
+              c, c->file_created, c->line_created, c->file_initiated,
+              c->line_initiated, c->run ? "true" : "false");
+      abort();
+    }
     c->scheduled = true;
     c->file_initiated = file;
     c->line_initiated = line;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/combiner.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/combiner.c
index 3d42f6d920..f899b25f10 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/combiner.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/combiner.c
@@ -81,7 +81,8 @@ grpc_combiner *grpc_combiner_create(void) {
   gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&lock->state, STATE_UNORPHANED);
   gpr_mpscq_init(&lock->queue);
   grpc_closure_list_init(&lock->final_list);
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lock->offload, offload, lock, grpc_executor_scheduler);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lock->offload, offload, lock,
+                    grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT));
   GRPC_COMBINER_TRACE(gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "C:%p create", lock));
   return lock;
 }
@@ -355,7 +356,8 @@ static void combiner_finally_exec(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void enqueue_finally(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *closure,
                             grpc_error *error) {
-  combiner_finally_exec(exec_ctx, closure, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  combiner_finally_exec(exec_ctx, (grpc_closure *)closure,
+                        GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
 }
 
 grpc_closure_scheduler *grpc_combiner_scheduler(grpc_combiner *combiner) {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/error.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/error.c
index 3759dda992..aa05501537 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/error.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/error.c
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ static uint8_t get_placement(grpc_error **err, size_t size) {
 #ifndef NDEBUG
     grpc_error *orig = *err;
 #endif
-    *err = gpr_realloc(
+    *err = (grpc_error *)gpr_realloc(
         *err, sizeof(grpc_error) + (*err)->arena_capacity * sizeof(intptr_t));
 #ifndef NDEBUG
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_trace_error_refcount)) {
@@ -278,13 +278,13 @@ static void internal_set_time(grpc_error **err, grpc_error_times which,
   memcpy((*err)->arena + slot, &value, sizeof(value));
 }
 
-static void internal_add_error(grpc_error **err, grpc_error *new) {
-  grpc_linked_error new_last = {new, UINT8_MAX};
+static void internal_add_error(grpc_error **err, grpc_error *new_err) {
+  grpc_linked_error new_last = {new_err, UINT8_MAX};
   uint8_t slot = get_placement(err, sizeof(grpc_linked_error));
   if (slot == UINT8_MAX) {
-    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Error %p is full, dropping error %p = %s", *err, new,
-            grpc_error_string(new));
-    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(new);
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Error %p is full, dropping error %p = %s", *err,
+            new_err, grpc_error_string(new_err));
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(new_err);
     return;
   }
   if ((*err)->first_err == UINT8_MAX) {
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ grpc_error *grpc_error_create(const char *file, int line, grpc_slice desc,
   uint8_t initial_arena_capacity = (uint8_t)(
       DEFAULT_ERROR_CAPACITY +
       (uint8_t)(num_referencing * SLOTS_PER_LINKED_ERROR) + SURPLUS_CAPACITY);
-  grpc_error *err =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(*err) + initial_arena_capacity * sizeof(intptr_t));
+  grpc_error *err = (grpc_error *)gpr_malloc(
+      sizeof(*err) + initial_arena_capacity * sizeof(intptr_t));
   if (err == NULL) {  // TODO(ctiller): make gpr_malloc return NULL
     return GRPC_ERROR_OOM;
   }
@@ -406,7 +406,8 @@ static grpc_error *copy_error_and_unref(grpc_error *in) {
     if (in->arena_capacity - in->arena_size < (uint8_t)SLOTS_PER_STR) {
       new_arena_capacity = (uint8_t)(3 * new_arena_capacity / 2);
     }
-    out = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*in) + new_arena_capacity * sizeof(intptr_t));
+    out = (grpc_error *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*in) +
+                                   new_arena_capacity * sizeof(intptr_t));
 #ifndef NDEBUG
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_trace_error_refcount)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p create copying %p", out, in);
@@ -431,10 +432,10 @@ static grpc_error *copy_error_and_unref(grpc_error *in) {
 grpc_error *grpc_error_set_int(grpc_error *src, grpc_error_ints which,
                                intptr_t value) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_error_set_int", 0);
-  grpc_error *new = copy_error_and_unref(src);
-  internal_set_int(&new, which, value);
+  grpc_error *new_err = copy_error_and_unref(src);
+  internal_set_int(&new_err, which, value);
   GPR_TIMER_END("grpc_error_set_int", 0);
-  return new;
+  return new_err;
 }
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -476,10 +477,10 @@ bool grpc_error_get_int(grpc_error *err, grpc_error_ints which, intptr_t *p) {
 grpc_error *grpc_error_set_str(grpc_error *src, grpc_error_strs which,
                                grpc_slice str) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_error_set_str", 0);
-  grpc_error *new = copy_error_and_unref(src);
-  internal_set_str(&new, which, str);
+  grpc_error *new_err = copy_error_and_unref(src);
+  internal_set_str(&new_err, which, str);
   GPR_TIMER_END("grpc_error_set_str", 0);
-  return new;
+  return new_err;
 }
 
 bool grpc_error_get_str(grpc_error *err, grpc_error_strs which,
@@ -506,10 +507,10 @@ bool grpc_error_get_str(grpc_error *err, grpc_error_strs which,
 
 grpc_error *grpc_error_add_child(grpc_error *src, grpc_error *child) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_error_add_child", 0);
-  grpc_error *new = copy_error_and_unref(src);
-  internal_add_error(&new, child);
+  grpc_error *new_err = copy_error_and_unref(src);
+  internal_add_error(&new_err, child);
   GPR_TIMER_END("grpc_error_add_child", 0);
-  return new;
+  return new_err;
 }
 
 static const char *no_error_string = "\"No Error\"";
@@ -530,7 +531,7 @@ typedef struct {
 static void append_chr(char c, char **s, size_t *sz, size_t *cap) {
   if (*sz == *cap) {
     *cap = GPR_MAX(8, 3 * *cap / 2);
-    *s = gpr_realloc(*s, *cap);
+    *s = (char *)gpr_realloc(*s, *cap);
   }
   (*s)[(*sz)++] = c;
 }
@@ -582,7 +583,8 @@ static void append_esc_str(const uint8_t *str, size_t len, char **s, size_t *sz,
 static void append_kv(kv_pairs *kvs, char *key, char *value) {
   if (kvs->num_kvs == kvs->cap_kvs) {
     kvs->cap_kvs = GPR_MAX(3 * kvs->cap_kvs / 2, 4);
-    kvs->kvs = gpr_realloc(kvs->kvs, sizeof(*kvs->kvs) * kvs->cap_kvs);
+    kvs->kvs =
+        (kv_pair *)gpr_realloc(kvs->kvs, sizeof(*kvs->kvs) * kvs->cap_kvs);
   }
   kvs->kvs[kvs->num_kvs].key = key;
   kvs->kvs[kvs->num_kvs].value = value;
@@ -639,7 +641,7 @@ static char *key_time(grpc_error_times which) {
 
 static char *fmt_time(gpr_timespec tm) {
   char *out;
-  char *pfx = "!!";
+  const char *pfx = "!!";
   switch (tm.clock_type) {
     case GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
       pfx = "@monotonic:";
@@ -695,8 +697,8 @@ static char *errs_string(grpc_error *err) {
 }
 
 static int cmp_kvs(const void *a, const void *b) {
-  const kv_pair *ka = a;
-  const kv_pair *kb = b;
+  const kv_pair *ka = (const kv_pair *)a;
+  const kv_pair *kb = (const kv_pair *)b;
   return strcmp(ka->key, kb->key);
 }
 
@@ -731,7 +733,7 @@ const char *grpc_error_string(grpc_error *err) {
   void *p = (void *)gpr_atm_acq_load(&err->atomics.error_string);
   if (p != NULL) {
     GPR_TIMER_END("grpc_error_string", 0);
-    return p;
+    return (const char *)p;
   }
 
   kv_pairs kvs;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epoll1_linux.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epoll1_linux.c
index b76eb9e1c9..3ac12ab56f 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epoll1_linux.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epoll1_linux.c
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ static const char *kick_state_string(kick_state st) {
 }
 
 struct grpc_pollset_worker {
-  kick_state kick_state;
+  kick_state state;
   int kick_state_mutator;  // which line of code last changed kick state
   bool initialized_cv;
   grpc_pollset_worker *next;
@@ -154,24 +154,24 @@ struct grpc_pollset_worker {
   grpc_closure_list schedule_on_end_work;
 };
 
-#define SET_KICK_STATE(worker, state)        \
+#define SET_KICK_STATE(worker, kick_state)   \
   do {                                       \
-    (worker)->kick_state = (state);          \
+    (worker)->state = (kick_state);          \
     (worker)->kick_state_mutator = __LINE__; \
   } while (false)
 
-#define MAX_NEIGHBOURHOODS 1024
+#define MAX_NEIGHBORHOODS 1024
 
-typedef struct pollset_neighbourhood {
+typedef struct pollset_neighborhood {
   gpr_mu mu;
   grpc_pollset *active_root;
   char pad[GPR_CACHELINE_SIZE];
-} pollset_neighbourhood;
+} pollset_neighborhood;
 
 struct grpc_pollset {
   gpr_mu mu;
-  pollset_neighbourhood *neighbourhood;
-  bool reassigning_neighbourhood;
+  pollset_neighborhood *neighborhood;
+  bool reassigning_neighborhood;
   grpc_pollset_worker *root_worker;
   bool kicked_without_poller;
 
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ static grpc_fd *fd_create(int fd, const char *name) {
   gpr_mu_unlock(&fd_freelist_mu);
 
   if (new_fd == NULL) {
-    new_fd = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_fd));
+    new_fd = (grpc_fd *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_fd));
   }
 
   new_fd->fd = fd;
@@ -280,8 +280,9 @@ static grpc_fd *fd_create(int fd, const char *name) {
 #endif
   gpr_free(fd_name);
 
-  struct epoll_event ev = {.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLET),
-                           .data.ptr = new_fd};
+  struct epoll_event ev;
+  ev.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLET);
+  ev.data.ptr = new_fd;
   if (epoll_ctl(g_epoll_set.epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev) != 0) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "epoll_ctl failed: %s", strerror(errno));
   }
@@ -384,8 +385,8 @@ GPR_TLS_DECL(g_current_thread_worker);
 /* The designated poller */
 static gpr_atm g_active_poller;
 
-static pollset_neighbourhood *g_neighbourhoods;
-static size_t g_num_neighbourhoods;
+static pollset_neighborhood *g_neighborhoods;
+static size_t g_num_neighborhoods;
 
 /* Return true if first in list */
 static bool worker_insert(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker) {
@@ -424,8 +425,8 @@ static worker_remove_result worker_remove(grpc_pollset *pollset,
   }
 }
 
-static size_t choose_neighbourhood(void) {
-  return (size_t)gpr_cpu_current_cpu() % g_num_neighbourhoods;
+static size_t choose_neighborhood(void) {
+  return (size_t)gpr_cpu_current_cpu() % g_num_neighborhoods;
 }
 
 static grpc_error *pollset_global_init(void) {
@@ -435,17 +436,18 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_global_init(void) {
   global_wakeup_fd.read_fd = -1;
   grpc_error *err = grpc_wakeup_fd_init(&global_wakeup_fd);
   if (err != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return err;
-  struct epoll_event ev = {.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLIN | EPOLLET),
-                           .data.ptr = &global_wakeup_fd};
+  struct epoll_event ev;
+  ev.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLIN | EPOLLET);
+  ev.data.ptr = &global_wakeup_fd;
   if (epoll_ctl(g_epoll_set.epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, global_wakeup_fd.read_fd,
                 &ev) != 0) {
     return GRPC_OS_ERROR(errno, "epoll_ctl");
   }
-  g_num_neighbourhoods = GPR_CLAMP(gpr_cpu_num_cores(), 1, MAX_NEIGHBOURHOODS);
-  g_neighbourhoods =
-      gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*g_neighbourhoods) * g_num_neighbourhoods);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < g_num_neighbourhoods; i++) {
-    gpr_mu_init(&g_neighbourhoods[i].mu);
+  g_num_neighborhoods = GPR_CLAMP(gpr_cpu_num_cores(), 1, MAX_NEIGHBORHOODS);
+  g_neighborhoods = (pollset_neighborhood *)gpr_zalloc(
+      sizeof(*g_neighborhoods) * g_num_neighborhoods);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < g_num_neighborhoods; i++) {
+    gpr_mu_init(&g_neighborhoods[i].mu);
   }
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
 }
@@ -454,17 +456,17 @@ static void pollset_global_shutdown(void) {
   gpr_tls_destroy(&g_current_thread_pollset);
   gpr_tls_destroy(&g_current_thread_worker);
   if (global_wakeup_fd.read_fd != -1) grpc_wakeup_fd_destroy(&global_wakeup_fd);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < g_num_neighbourhoods; i++) {
-    gpr_mu_destroy(&g_neighbourhoods[i].mu);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < g_num_neighborhoods; i++) {
+    gpr_mu_destroy(&g_neighborhoods[i].mu);
   }
-  gpr_free(g_neighbourhoods);
+  gpr_free(g_neighborhoods);
 }
 
 static void pollset_init(grpc_pollset *pollset, gpr_mu **mu) {
   gpr_mu_init(&pollset->mu);
   *mu = &pollset->mu;
-  pollset->neighbourhood = &g_neighbourhoods[choose_neighbourhood()];
-  pollset->reassigning_neighbourhood = false;
+  pollset->neighborhood = &g_neighborhoods[choose_neighborhood()];
+  pollset->reassigning_neighborhood = false;
   pollset->root_worker = NULL;
   pollset->kicked_without_poller = false;
   pollset->seen_inactive = true;
@@ -477,47 +479,52 @@ static void pollset_init(grpc_pollset *pollset, gpr_mu **mu) {
 static void pollset_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset) {
   gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
   if (!pollset->seen_inactive) {
-    pollset_neighbourhood *neighbourhood = pollset->neighbourhood;
+    pollset_neighborhood *neighborhood = pollset->neighborhood;
     gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
-  retry_lock_neighbourhood:
-    gpr_mu_lock(&neighbourhood->mu);
+  retry_lock_neighborhood:
+    gpr_mu_lock(&neighborhood->mu);
     gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
     if (!pollset->seen_inactive) {
-      if (pollset->neighbourhood != neighbourhood) {
-        gpr_mu_unlock(&neighbourhood->mu);
-        neighbourhood = pollset->neighbourhood;
+      if (pollset->neighborhood != neighborhood) {
+        gpr_mu_unlock(&neighborhood->mu);
+        neighborhood = pollset->neighborhood;
         gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
-        goto retry_lock_neighbourhood;
+        goto retry_lock_neighborhood;
       }
       pollset->prev->next = pollset->next;
       pollset->next->prev = pollset->prev;
-      if (pollset == pollset->neighbourhood->active_root) {
-        pollset->neighbourhood->active_root =
+      if (pollset == pollset->neighborhood->active_root) {
+        pollset->neighborhood->active_root =
             pollset->next == pollset ? NULL : pollset->next;
       }
     }
-    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->neighbourhood->mu);
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->neighborhood->mu);
   }
   gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
   gpr_mu_destroy(&pollset->mu);
 }
 
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick_all(grpc_pollset *pollset) {
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick_all(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                    grpc_pollset *pollset) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("pollset_kick_all", 0);
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   if (pollset->root_worker != NULL) {
     grpc_pollset_worker *worker = pollset->root_worker;
     do {
-      switch (worker->kick_state) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx);
+      switch (worker->state) {
         case KICKED:
+          GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN(exec_ctx);
           break;
         case UNKICKED:
           SET_KICK_STATE(worker, KICKED);
           if (worker->initialized_cv) {
+            GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx);
             gpr_cv_signal(&worker->cv);
           }
           break;
         case DESIGNATED_POLLER:
+          GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD(exec_ctx);
           SET_KICK_STATE(worker, KICKED);
           append_error(&error, grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&global_wakeup_fd),
                        "pollset_kick_all");
@@ -550,7 +557,7 @@ static void pollset_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   GPR_ASSERT(!pollset->shutting_down);
   pollset->shutdown_closure = closure;
   pollset->shutting_down = true;
-  GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_shutdown", pollset_kick_all(pollset));
+  GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_shutdown", pollset_kick_all(exec_ctx, pollset));
   pollset_maybe_finish_shutdown(exec_ctx, pollset);
   GPR_TIMER_END("pollset_shutdown", 0);
 }
@@ -567,7 +574,10 @@ static int poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(gpr_timespec deadline,
   }
 
   static const gpr_timespec round_up = {
-      .clock_type = GPR_TIMESPAN, .tv_sec = 0, .tv_nsec = GPR_NS_PER_MS - 1};
+      0,                 /* tv_sec */
+      GPR_NS_PER_MS - 1, /* tv_nsec */
+      GPR_TIMESPAN       /* clock_type */
+  };
   timeout = gpr_time_sub(deadline, now);
   int millis = gpr_time_to_millis(gpr_time_add(timeout, round_up));
   return millis >= 1 ? millis : 1;
@@ -646,6 +656,8 @@ static grpc_error *do_epoll_wait(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *ps,
 
   if (r < 0) return GRPC_OS_ERROR(errno, "epoll_wait");
 
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_POLL_EVENTS_RETURNED(exec_ctx, r);
+
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "ps: %p poll got %d events", ps, r);
   }
@@ -675,77 +687,77 @@ static bool begin_worker(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
     // pollset has been observed to be inactive, we need to move back to the
     // active list
     bool is_reassigning = false;
-    if (!pollset->reassigning_neighbourhood) {
+    if (!pollset->reassigning_neighborhood) {
       is_reassigning = true;
-      pollset->reassigning_neighbourhood = true;
-      pollset->neighbourhood = &g_neighbourhoods[choose_neighbourhood()];
+      pollset->reassigning_neighborhood = true;
+      pollset->neighborhood = &g_neighborhoods[choose_neighborhood()];
     }
-    pollset_neighbourhood *neighbourhood = pollset->neighbourhood;
+    pollset_neighborhood *neighborhood = pollset->neighborhood;
     gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
   // pollset unlocked: state may change (even worker->kick_state)
-  retry_lock_neighbourhood:
-    gpr_mu_lock(&neighbourhood->mu);
+  retry_lock_neighborhood:
+    gpr_mu_lock(&neighborhood->mu);
     gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "PS:%p BEGIN_REORG:%p kick_state=%s is_reassigning=%d",
-              pollset, worker, kick_state_string(worker->kick_state),
+              pollset, worker, kick_state_string(worker->state),
               is_reassigning);
     }
     if (pollset->seen_inactive) {
-      if (neighbourhood != pollset->neighbourhood) {
-        gpr_mu_unlock(&neighbourhood->mu);
-        neighbourhood = pollset->neighbourhood;
+      if (neighborhood != pollset->neighborhood) {
+        gpr_mu_unlock(&neighborhood->mu);
+        neighborhood = pollset->neighborhood;
         gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
-        goto retry_lock_neighbourhood;
+        goto retry_lock_neighborhood;
       }
 
       /* In the brief time we released the pollset locks above, the worker MAY
          have been kicked. In this case, the worker should get out of this
          pollset ASAP and hence this should neither add the pollset to
-         neighbourhood nor mark the pollset as active.
+         neighborhood nor mark the pollset as active.
 
          On a side note, the only way a worker's kick state could have changed
          at this point is if it were "kicked specifically". Since the worker has
          not added itself to the pollset yet (by calling worker_insert()), it is
          not visible in the "kick any" path yet */
-      if (worker->kick_state == UNKICKED) {
+      if (worker->state == UNKICKED) {
         pollset->seen_inactive = false;
-        if (neighbourhood->active_root == NULL) {
-          neighbourhood->active_root = pollset->next = pollset->prev = pollset;
+        if (neighborhood->active_root == NULL) {
+          neighborhood->active_root = pollset->next = pollset->prev = pollset;
           /* Make this the designated poller if there isn't one already */
-          if (worker->kick_state == UNKICKED &&
+          if (worker->state == UNKICKED &&
               gpr_atm_no_barrier_cas(&g_active_poller, 0, (gpr_atm)worker)) {
             SET_KICK_STATE(worker, DESIGNATED_POLLER);
           }
         } else {
-          pollset->next = neighbourhood->active_root;
+          pollset->next = neighborhood->active_root;
           pollset->prev = pollset->next->prev;
           pollset->next->prev = pollset->prev->next = pollset;
         }
       }
     }
     if (is_reassigning) {
-      GPR_ASSERT(pollset->reassigning_neighbourhood);
-      pollset->reassigning_neighbourhood = false;
+      GPR_ASSERT(pollset->reassigning_neighborhood);
+      pollset->reassigning_neighborhood = false;
     }
-    gpr_mu_unlock(&neighbourhood->mu);
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&neighborhood->mu);
   }
 
   worker_insert(pollset, worker);
   pollset->begin_refs--;
-  if (worker->kick_state == UNKICKED && !pollset->kicked_without_poller) {
+  if (worker->state == UNKICKED && !pollset->kicked_without_poller) {
     GPR_ASSERT(gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_active_poller) != (gpr_atm)worker);
     worker->initialized_cv = true;
     gpr_cv_init(&worker->cv);
-    while (worker->kick_state == UNKICKED && !pollset->shutting_down) {
+    while (worker->state == UNKICKED && !pollset->shutting_down) {
       if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
         gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "PS:%p BEGIN_WAIT:%p kick_state=%s shutdown=%d",
-                pollset, worker, kick_state_string(worker->kick_state),
+                pollset, worker, kick_state_string(worker->state),
                 pollset->shutting_down);
       }
 
       if (gpr_cv_wait(&worker->cv, &pollset->mu, deadline) &&
-          worker->kick_state == UNKICKED) {
+          worker->state == UNKICKED) {
         /* If gpr_cv_wait returns true (i.e a timeout), pretend that the worker
            received a kick */
         SET_KICK_STATE(worker, KICKED);
@@ -758,12 +770,12 @@ static bool begin_worker(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
             "PS:%p BEGIN_DONE:%p kick_state=%s shutdown=%d "
             "kicked_without_poller: %d",
-            pollset, worker, kick_state_string(worker->kick_state),
+            pollset, worker, kick_state_string(worker->state),
             pollset->shutting_down, pollset->kicked_without_poller);
   }
 
   /* We release pollset lock in this function at a couple of places:
-   *   1. Briefly when assigning pollset to a neighbourhood
+   *   1. Briefly when assigning pollset to a neighborhood
    *   2. When doing gpr_cv_wait()
    * It is possible that 'kicked_without_poller' was set to true during (1) and
    * 'shutting_down' is set to true during (1) or (2). If either of them is
@@ -778,15 +790,15 @@ static bool begin_worker(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
   }
 
   GPR_TIMER_END("begin_worker", 0);
-  return worker->kick_state == DESIGNATED_POLLER && !pollset->shutting_down;
+  return worker->state == DESIGNATED_POLLER && !pollset->shutting_down;
 }
 
-static bool check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(
-    pollset_neighbourhood *neighbourhood) {
-  GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller", 0);
+static bool check_neighborhood_for_available_poller(
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, pollset_neighborhood *neighborhood) {
+  GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("check_neighborhood_for_available_poller", 0);
   bool found_worker = false;
   do {
-    grpc_pollset *inspect = neighbourhood->active_root;
+    grpc_pollset *inspect = neighborhood->active_root;
     if (inspect == NULL) {
       break;
     }
@@ -795,7 +807,7 @@ static bool check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(
     grpc_pollset_worker *inspect_worker = inspect->root_worker;
     if (inspect_worker != NULL) {
       do {
-        switch (inspect_worker->kick_state) {
+        switch (inspect_worker->state) {
           case UNKICKED:
             if (gpr_atm_no_barrier_cas(&g_active_poller, 0,
                                        (gpr_atm)inspect_worker)) {
@@ -806,6 +818,7 @@ static bool check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(
               SET_KICK_STATE(inspect_worker, DESIGNATED_POLLER);
               if (inspect_worker->initialized_cv) {
                 GPR_TIMER_MARK("signal worker", 0);
+                GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx);
                 gpr_cv_signal(&inspect_worker->cv);
               }
             } else {
@@ -831,8 +844,8 @@ static bool check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(
         gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, " .. mark pollset %p inactive", inspect);
       }
       inspect->seen_inactive = true;
-      if (inspect == neighbourhood->active_root) {
-        neighbourhood->active_root =
+      if (inspect == neighborhood->active_root) {
+        neighborhood->active_root =
             inspect->next == inspect ? NULL : inspect->next;
       }
       inspect->next->prev = inspect->prev;
@@ -841,7 +854,7 @@ static bool check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(
     }
     gpr_mu_unlock(&inspect->mu);
   } while (!found_worker);
-  GPR_TIMER_END("check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller", 0);
+  GPR_TIMER_END("check_neighborhood_for_available_poller", 0);
   return found_worker;
 }
 
@@ -858,13 +871,14 @@ static void end_worker(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   grpc_closure_list_move(&worker->schedule_on_end_work,
                          &exec_ctx->closure_list);
   if (gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_active_poller) == (gpr_atm)worker) {
-    if (worker->next != worker && worker->next->kick_state == UNKICKED) {
+    if (worker->next != worker && worker->next->state == UNKICKED) {
       if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
         gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, " .. choose next poller to be peer %p", worker);
       }
       GPR_ASSERT(worker->next->initialized_cv);
       gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&g_active_poller, (gpr_atm)worker->next);
       SET_KICK_STATE(worker->next, DESIGNATED_POLLER);
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx);
       gpr_cv_signal(&worker->next->cv);
       if (grpc_exec_ctx_has_work(exec_ctx)) {
         gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
@@ -873,32 +887,33 @@ static void end_worker(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
       }
     } else {
       gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&g_active_poller, 0);
-      size_t poller_neighbourhood_idx =
-          (size_t)(pollset->neighbourhood - g_neighbourhoods);
+      size_t poller_neighborhood_idx =
+          (size_t)(pollset->neighborhood - g_neighborhoods);
       gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
       bool found_worker = false;
-      bool scan_state[MAX_NEIGHBOURHOODS];
-      for (size_t i = 0; !found_worker && i < g_num_neighbourhoods; i++) {
-        pollset_neighbourhood *neighbourhood =
-            &g_neighbourhoods[(poller_neighbourhood_idx + i) %
-                              g_num_neighbourhoods];
-        if (gpr_mu_trylock(&neighbourhood->mu)) {
+      bool scan_state[MAX_NEIGHBORHOODS];
+      for (size_t i = 0; !found_worker && i < g_num_neighborhoods; i++) {
+        pollset_neighborhood *neighborhood =
+            &g_neighborhoods[(poller_neighborhood_idx + i) %
+                             g_num_neighborhoods];
+        if (gpr_mu_trylock(&neighborhood->mu)) {
           found_worker =
-              check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(neighbourhood);
-          gpr_mu_unlock(&neighbourhood->mu);
+              check_neighborhood_for_available_poller(exec_ctx, neighborhood);
+          gpr_mu_unlock(&neighborhood->mu);
           scan_state[i] = true;
         } else {
           scan_state[i] = false;
         }
       }
-      for (size_t i = 0; !found_worker && i < g_num_neighbourhoods; i++) {
+      for (size_t i = 0; !found_worker && i < g_num_neighborhoods; i++) {
         if (scan_state[i]) continue;
-        pollset_neighbourhood *neighbourhood =
-            &g_neighbourhoods[(poller_neighbourhood_idx + i) %
-                              g_num_neighbourhoods];
-        gpr_mu_lock(&neighbourhood->mu);
-        found_worker = check_neighbourhood_for_available_poller(neighbourhood);
-        gpr_mu_unlock(&neighbourhood->mu);
+        pollset_neighborhood *neighborhood =
+            &g_neighborhoods[(poller_neighborhood_idx + i) %
+                             g_num_neighborhoods];
+        gpr_mu_lock(&neighborhood->mu);
+        found_worker =
+            check_neighborhood_for_available_poller(exec_ctx, neighborhood);
+        gpr_mu_unlock(&neighborhood->mu);
       }
       grpc_exec_ctx_flush(exec_ctx);
       gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
@@ -979,9 +994,10 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *ps,
   return error;
 }
 
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                                 grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("pollset_kick", 0);
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx);
   grpc_error *ret_err = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
     gpr_strvec log;
@@ -994,14 +1010,14 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
     gpr_strvec_add(&log, tmp);
     if (pollset->root_worker != NULL) {
       gpr_asprintf(&tmp, " {kick_state=%s next=%p {kick_state=%s}}",
-                   kick_state_string(pollset->root_worker->kick_state),
+                   kick_state_string(pollset->root_worker->state),
                    pollset->root_worker->next,
-                   kick_state_string(pollset->root_worker->next->kick_state));
+                   kick_state_string(pollset->root_worker->next->state));
       gpr_strvec_add(&log, tmp);
     }
     if (specific_worker != NULL) {
       gpr_asprintf(&tmp, " worker_kick_state=%s",
-                   kick_state_string(specific_worker->kick_state));
+                   kick_state_string(specific_worker->state));
       gpr_strvec_add(&log, tmp);
     }
     tmp = gpr_strvec_flatten(&log, NULL);
@@ -1014,6 +1030,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
     if (gpr_tls_get(&g_current_thread_pollset) != (intptr_t)pollset) {
       grpc_pollset_worker *root_worker = pollset->root_worker;
       if (root_worker == NULL) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_WITHOUT_POLLER(exec_ctx);
         pollset->kicked_without_poller = true;
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kicked_without_poller");
@@ -1021,13 +1038,15 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
         goto done;
       }
       grpc_pollset_worker *next_worker = root_worker->next;
-      if (root_worker->kick_state == KICKED) {
+      if (root_worker->state == KICKED) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN(exec_ctx);
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. already kicked %p", root_worker);
         }
         SET_KICK_STATE(root_worker, KICKED);
         goto done;
-      } else if (next_worker->kick_state == KICKED) {
+      } else if (next_worker->state == KICKED) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN(exec_ctx);
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. already kicked %p", next_worker);
         }
@@ -1038,13 +1057,15 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
                                      // there is no next worker
                  root_worker == (grpc_pollset_worker *)gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(
                                     &g_active_poller)) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD(exec_ctx);
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kicked %p", root_worker);
         }
         SET_KICK_STATE(root_worker, KICKED);
         ret_err = grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&global_wakeup_fd);
         goto done;
-      } else if (next_worker->kick_state == UNKICKED) {
+      } else if (next_worker->state == UNKICKED) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx);
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kicked %p", next_worker);
         }
@@ -1052,8 +1073,8 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
         SET_KICK_STATE(next_worker, KICKED);
         gpr_cv_signal(&next_worker->cv);
         goto done;
-      } else if (next_worker->kick_state == DESIGNATED_POLLER) {
-        if (root_worker->kick_state != DESIGNATED_POLLER) {
+      } else if (next_worker->state == DESIGNATED_POLLER) {
+        if (root_worker->state != DESIGNATED_POLLER) {
           if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
             gpr_log(
                 GPR_ERROR,
@@ -1062,10 +1083,12 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
           }
           SET_KICK_STATE(root_worker, KICKED);
           if (root_worker->initialized_cv) {
+            GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx);
             gpr_cv_signal(&root_worker->cv);
           }
           goto done;
         } else {
+          GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD(exec_ctx);
           if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
             gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. non-root poller %p (root=%p)", next_worker,
                     root_worker);
@@ -1075,11 +1098,13 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
           goto done;
         }
       } else {
-        GPR_ASSERT(next_worker->kick_state == KICKED);
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN(exec_ctx);
+        GPR_ASSERT(next_worker->state == KICKED);
         SET_KICK_STATE(next_worker, KICKED);
         goto done;
       }
     } else {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_OWN_THREAD(exec_ctx);
       if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
         gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kicked while waking up");
       }
@@ -1089,13 +1114,14 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
     GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(goto done);
   }
 
-  if (specific_worker->kick_state == KICKED) {
+  if (specific_worker->state == KICKED) {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. specific worker already kicked");
     }
     goto done;
   } else if (gpr_tls_get(&g_current_thread_worker) ==
              (intptr_t)specific_worker) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_OWN_THREAD(exec_ctx);
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. mark %p kicked", specific_worker);
     }
@@ -1103,6 +1129,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
     goto done;
   } else if (specific_worker ==
              (grpc_pollset_worker *)gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_active_poller)) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_FD(exec_ctx);
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kick active poller");
     }
@@ -1110,6 +1137,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
     ret_err = grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&global_wakeup_fd);
     goto done;
   } else if (specific_worker->initialized_cv) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK_WAKEUP_CV(exec_ctx);
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kick waiting worker");
     }
@@ -1117,6 +1145,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
     gpr_cv_signal(&specific_worker->cv);
     goto done;
   } else {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICKED_AGAIN(exec_ctx);
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, " .. kick non-waiting worker");
     }
@@ -1173,34 +1202,34 @@ static void shutdown_engine(void) {
 }
 
 static const grpc_event_engine_vtable vtable = {
-    .pollset_size = sizeof(grpc_pollset),
-
-    .fd_create = fd_create,
-    .fd_wrapped_fd = fd_wrapped_fd,
-    .fd_orphan = fd_orphan,
-    .fd_shutdown = fd_shutdown,
-    .fd_is_shutdown = fd_is_shutdown,
-    .fd_notify_on_read = fd_notify_on_read,
-    .fd_notify_on_write = fd_notify_on_write,
-    .fd_get_read_notifier_pollset = fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
-
-    .pollset_init = pollset_init,
-    .pollset_shutdown = pollset_shutdown,
-    .pollset_destroy = pollset_destroy,
-    .pollset_work = pollset_work,
-    .pollset_kick = pollset_kick,
-    .pollset_add_fd = pollset_add_fd,
-
-    .pollset_set_create = pollset_set_create,
-    .pollset_set_destroy = pollset_set_destroy,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset = pollset_set_add_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset = pollset_set_del_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset_set = pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset_set = pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_add_fd = pollset_set_add_fd,
-    .pollset_set_del_fd = pollset_set_del_fd,
-
-    .shutdown_engine = shutdown_engine,
+    sizeof(grpc_pollset),
+
+    fd_create,
+    fd_wrapped_fd,
+    fd_orphan,
+    fd_shutdown,
+    fd_notify_on_read,
+    fd_notify_on_write,
+    fd_is_shutdown,
+    fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
+
+    pollset_init,
+    pollset_shutdown,
+    pollset_destroy,
+    pollset_work,
+    pollset_kick,
+    pollset_add_fd,
+
+    pollset_set_create,
+    pollset_set_destroy,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_add_fd,
+    pollset_set_del_fd,
+
+    shutdown_engine,
 };
 
 /* It is possible that GLIBC has epoll but the underlying kernel doesn't.
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollex_linux.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollex_linux.c
index 277347ac70..8eb4de44d9 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollex_linux.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollex_linux.c
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollable_materialize(pollable *p);
  */
 
 struct grpc_fd {
-  pollable pollable;
+  pollable pollable_obj;
   int fd;
   /* refst format:
        bit 0    : 1=Active / 0=Orphaned
@@ -193,15 +193,15 @@ struct grpc_pollset_worker {
   pollset_worker_link links[POLLSET_WORKER_LINK_COUNT];
   gpr_cv cv;
   grpc_pollset *pollset;
-  pollable *pollable;
+  pollable *pollable_obj;
 };
 
 #define MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS 100
 #define MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS_HANDLED_EACH_POLL_CALL 5
 
 struct grpc_pollset {
-  pollable pollable;
-  pollable *current_pollable;
+  pollable pollable_obj;
+  pollable *current_pollable_obj;
   int kick_alls_pending;
   bool kicked_without_poller;
   grpc_closure *shutdown_closure;
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ static void fd_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
   grpc_fd *fd = (grpc_fd *)arg;
   /* Add the fd to the freelist */
   grpc_iomgr_unregister_object(&fd->iomgr_object);
-  pollable_destroy(&fd->pollable);
+  pollable_destroy(&fd->pollable_obj);
   gpr_mu_destroy(&fd->orphaned_mu);
   gpr_mu_lock(&fd_freelist_mu);
   fd->freelist_next = fd_freelist;
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ static grpc_fd *fd_create(int fd, const char *name) {
     new_fd = (grpc_fd *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_fd));
   }
 
-  pollable_init(&new_fd->pollable, PO_FD);
+  pollable_init(&new_fd->pollable_obj, PO_FD);
 
   gpr_atm_rel_store(&new_fd->refst, (gpr_atm)1);
   new_fd->fd = fd;
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ static void fd_orphan(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd,
   bool is_fd_closed = already_closed;
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
 
-  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->pollable.po.mu);
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   gpr_mu_lock(&fd->orphaned_mu);
   fd->on_done_closure = on_done;
 
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ static void fd_orphan(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd,
   GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, fd->on_done_closure, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
 
   gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->orphaned_mu);
-  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->pollable.po.mu);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   UNREF_BY(exec_ctx, fd, 2, reason); /* Drop the reference */
   GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("fd_orphan", GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
@@ -477,8 +477,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollable_materialize(pollable *p) {
       close(new_epfd);
       return err;
     }
-    struct epoll_event ev = {.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLIN | EPOLLET),
-                             .data.ptr = (void *)(1 | (intptr_t)&p->wakeup)};
+    struct epoll_event ev;
+    ev.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLIN | EPOLLET);
+    ev.data.ptr = (void *)(1 | (intptr_t)&p->wakeup);
     if (epoll_ctl(new_epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, p->wakeup.read_fd, &ev) != 0) {
       err = GRPC_OS_ERROR(errno, "epoll_ctl");
       close(new_epfd);
@@ -507,9 +508,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollable_add_fd(pollable *p, grpc_fd *fd) {
     gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->orphaned_mu);
     return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   }
-  struct epoll_event ev_fd = {
-      .events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLET | EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLEXCLUSIVE),
-      .data.ptr = fd};
+  struct epoll_event ev_fd;
+  ev_fd.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLET | EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLEXCLUSIVE);
+  ev_fd.data.ptr = fd;
   if (epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd->fd, &ev_fd) != 0) {
     switch (errno) {
       case EEXIST:
@@ -557,30 +558,34 @@ static void do_kick_all(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                         grpc_error *error_unused) {
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   grpc_pollset *pollset = (grpc_pollset *)arg;
-  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   if (pollset->root_worker != NULL) {
     grpc_pollset_worker *worker = pollset->root_worker;
     do {
-      if (worker->pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-        gpr_mu_lock(&worker->pollable->po.mu);
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx);
+      if (worker->pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+        gpr_mu_lock(&worker->pollable_obj->po.mu);
       }
       if (worker->initialized_cv && worker != pollset->root_worker) {
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p kickall_via_cv %p (pollable %p vs %p)",
-                  pollset, worker, &pollset->pollable, worker->pollable);
+                  pollset, worker, &pollset->pollable_obj,
+                  worker->pollable_obj);
         }
         worker->kicked = true;
         gpr_cv_signal(&worker->cv);
       } else {
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p kickall_via_wakeup %p (pollable %p vs %p)",
-                  pollset, worker, &pollset->pollable, worker->pollable);
+                  pollset, worker, &pollset->pollable_obj,
+                  worker->pollable_obj);
         }
-        append_error(&error, grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&worker->pollable->wakeup),
+        append_error(&error,
+                     grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&worker->pollable_obj->wakeup),
                      "pollset_shutdown");
       }
-      if (worker->pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-        gpr_mu_unlock(&worker->pollable->po.mu);
+      if (worker->pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+        gpr_mu_unlock(&worker->pollable_obj->po.mu);
       }
 
       worker = worker->links[PWL_POLLSET].next;
@@ -588,7 +593,7 @@ static void do_kick_all(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   }
   pollset->kick_alls_pending--;
   pollset_maybe_finish_shutdown(exec_ctx, pollset);
-  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("kick_all", error);
 }
 
@@ -662,26 +667,27 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick_inner(grpc_pollset *pollset, pollable *p,
 }
 
 /* p->po.mu must be held before calling this function */
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                                 grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
-  pollable *p = pollset->current_pollable;
-  if (p != &pollset->pollable) {
+  pollable *p = pollset->current_pollable_obj;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx);
+  if (p != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
     gpr_mu_lock(&p->po.mu);
   }
   grpc_error *error = pollset_kick_inner(pollset, p, specific_worker);
-  if (p != &pollset->pollable) {
+  if (p != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
     gpr_mu_unlock(&p->po.mu);
   }
   return error;
 }
 
 static void pollset_init(grpc_pollset *pollset, gpr_mu **mu) {
-  pollable_init(&pollset->pollable, PO_POLLSET);
-  pollset->current_pollable = &g_empty_pollable;
+  pollable_init(&pollset->pollable_obj, PO_POLLSET);
+  pollset->current_pollable_obj = &g_empty_pollable;
   pollset->kicked_without_poller = false;
   pollset->shutdown_closure = NULL;
   pollset->root_worker = NULL;
-  *mu = &pollset->pollable.po.mu;
+  *mu = &pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu;
 }
 
 /* Convert a timespec to milliseconds:
@@ -703,7 +709,10 @@ static int poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(gpr_timespec deadline,
   }
 
   static const gpr_timespec round_up = {
-      .clock_type = GPR_TIMESPAN, .tv_sec = 0, .tv_nsec = GPR_NS_PER_MS - 1};
+      0,                 /* tv_sec */
+      GPR_NS_PER_MS - 1, /* tv_nsec */
+      GPR_TIMESPAN       /* clock_type */
+  };
   timeout = gpr_time_sub(deadline, now);
   int millis = gpr_time_to_millis(gpr_time_add(timeout, round_up));
   return millis >= 1 ? millis : 1;
@@ -729,8 +738,8 @@ static void fd_become_writable(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd) {
 static grpc_error *fd_become_pollable_locked(grpc_fd *fd) {
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   static const char *err_desc = "fd_become_pollable";
-  if (append_error(&error, pollable_materialize(&fd->pollable), err_desc)) {
-    append_error(&error, pollable_add_fd(&fd->pollable, fd), err_desc);
+  if (append_error(&error, pollable_materialize(&fd->pollable_obj), err_desc)) {
+    append_error(&error, pollable_add_fd(&fd->pollable_obj, fd), err_desc);
   }
   return error;
 }
@@ -745,7 +754,7 @@ static void pollset_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
 }
 
 static bool pollset_is_pollable_fd(grpc_pollset *pollset, pollable *p) {
-  return p != &g_empty_pollable && p != &pollset->pollable;
+  return p != &g_empty_pollable && p != &pollset->pollable_obj;
 }
 
 static grpc_error *pollset_process_events(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -762,8 +771,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_process_events(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
         gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p got pollset_wakeup %p", pollset, data_ptr);
       }
-      append_error(&error, grpc_wakeup_fd_consume_wakeup(
-                               (void *)((~(intptr_t)1) & (intptr_t)data_ptr)),
+      append_error(&error,
+                   grpc_wakeup_fd_consume_wakeup(
+                       (grpc_wakeup_fd *)((~(intptr_t)1) & (intptr_t)data_ptr)),
                    err_desc);
     } else {
       grpc_fd *fd = (grpc_fd *)data_ptr;
@@ -790,9 +800,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_process_events(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 /* pollset_shutdown is guaranteed to be called before pollset_destroy. */
 static void pollset_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset) {
-  pollable_destroy(&pollset->pollable);
-  if (pollset_is_pollable_fd(pollset, pollset->current_pollable)) {
-    UNREF_BY(exec_ctx, (grpc_fd *)pollset->current_pollable, 2,
+  pollable_destroy(&pollset->pollable_obj);
+  if (pollset_is_pollable_fd(pollset, pollset->current_pollable_obj)) {
+    UNREF_BY(exec_ctx, (grpc_fd *)pollset->current_pollable_obj, 2,
              "pollset_pollable");
   }
   GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_process_events",
@@ -882,68 +892,69 @@ static bool begin_worker(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
   worker->initialized_cv = false;
   worker->kicked = false;
   worker->pollset = pollset;
-  worker->pollable = pollset->current_pollable;
+  worker->pollable_obj = pollset->current_pollable_obj;
 
-  if (pollset_is_pollable_fd(pollset, worker->pollable)) {
-    REF_BY((grpc_fd *)worker->pollable, 2, "one_poll");
+  if (pollset_is_pollable_fd(pollset, worker->pollable_obj)) {
+    REF_BY((grpc_fd *)worker->pollable_obj, 2, "one_poll");
   }
 
   worker_insert(&pollset->root_worker, PWL_POLLSET, worker);
-  if (!worker_insert(&worker->pollable->root_worker, PWL_POLLABLE, worker)) {
+  if (!worker_insert(&worker->pollable_obj->root_worker, PWL_POLLABLE,
+                     worker)) {
     worker->initialized_cv = true;
     gpr_cv_init(&worker->cv);
-    if (worker->pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-      gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+    if (worker->pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
     }
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace) &&
-        worker->pollable->root_worker != worker) {
+        worker->pollable_obj->root_worker != worker) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p wait %p w=%p for %dms", pollset,
-              worker->pollable, worker,
+              worker->pollable_obj, worker,
               poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(deadline, *now));
     }
-    while (do_poll && worker->pollable->root_worker != worker) {
-      if (gpr_cv_wait(&worker->cv, &worker->pollable->po.mu, deadline)) {
+    while (do_poll && worker->pollable_obj->root_worker != worker) {
+      if (gpr_cv_wait(&worker->cv, &worker->pollable_obj->po.mu, deadline)) {
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
           gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p timeout_wait %p w=%p", pollset,
-                  worker->pollable, worker);
+                  worker->pollable_obj, worker);
         }
         do_poll = false;
       } else if (worker->kicked) {
         if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
-          gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p wakeup %p w=%p", pollset, worker->pollable,
-                  worker);
+          gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p wakeup %p w=%p", pollset,
+                  worker->pollable_obj, worker);
         }
         do_poll = false;
       } else if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace) &&
-                 worker->pollable->root_worker != worker) {
+                 worker->pollable_obj->root_worker != worker) {
         gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p spurious_wakeup %p w=%p", pollset,
-                worker->pollable, worker);
+                worker->pollable_obj, worker);
       }
     }
-    if (worker->pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-      gpr_mu_unlock(&worker->pollable->po.mu);
-      gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
-      gpr_mu_lock(&worker->pollable->po.mu);
+    if (worker->pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&worker->pollable_obj->po.mu);
+      gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
+      gpr_mu_lock(&worker->pollable_obj->po.mu);
     }
     *now = gpr_now(now->clock_type);
   }
 
   return do_poll && pollset->shutdown_closure == NULL &&
-         pollset->current_pollable == worker->pollable;
+         pollset->current_pollable_obj == worker->pollable_obj;
 }
 
 static void end_worker(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                        grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
                        grpc_pollset_worker **worker_hdl) {
   if (NEW_ROOT ==
-      worker_remove(&worker->pollable->root_worker, PWL_POLLABLE, worker)) {
-    gpr_cv_signal(&worker->pollable->root_worker->cv);
+      worker_remove(&worker->pollable_obj->root_worker, PWL_POLLABLE, worker)) {
+    gpr_cv_signal(&worker->pollable_obj->root_worker->cv);
   }
   if (worker->initialized_cv) {
     gpr_cv_destroy(&worker->cv);
   }
-  if (pollset_is_pollable_fd(pollset, worker->pollable)) {
-    UNREF_BY(exec_ctx, (grpc_fd *)worker->pollable, 2, "one_poll");
+  if (pollset_is_pollable_fd(pollset, worker->pollable_obj)) {
+    UNREF_BY(exec_ctx, (grpc_fd *)worker->pollable_obj, 2, "one_poll");
   }
   if (EMPTIED == worker_remove(&pollset->root_worker, PWL_POLLSET, worker)) {
     pollset_maybe_finish_shutdown(exec_ctx, pollset);
@@ -971,41 +982,41 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
     pollset->kicked_without_poller = false;
     return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   }
-  if (pollset->current_pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->current_pollable->po.mu);
+  if (pollset->current_pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->current_pollable_obj->po.mu);
   }
   if (begin_worker(pollset, &worker, worker_hdl, &now, deadline)) {
     gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_pollset, (intptr_t)pollset);
     gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_worker, (intptr_t)&worker);
     GPR_ASSERT(!pollset->shutdown_closure);
-    append_error(&error, pollable_materialize(worker.pollable), err_desc);
-    if (worker.pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-      gpr_mu_unlock(&worker.pollable->po.mu);
+    append_error(&error, pollable_materialize(worker.pollable_obj), err_desc);
+    if (worker.pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&worker.pollable_obj->po.mu);
     }
-    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
     if (pollset->event_cursor == pollset->event_count) {
-      append_error(&error, pollset_epoll(exec_ctx, pollset, worker.pollable,
+      append_error(&error, pollset_epoll(exec_ctx, pollset, worker.pollable_obj,
                                          now, deadline),
                    err_desc);
     }
     append_error(&error, pollset_process_events(exec_ctx, pollset, false),
                  err_desc);
-    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
-    if (worker.pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-      gpr_mu_lock(&worker.pollable->po.mu);
+    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
+    if (worker.pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+      gpr_mu_lock(&worker.pollable_obj->po.mu);
     }
     gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_pollset, 0);
     gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_worker, 0);
     pollset_maybe_finish_shutdown(exec_ctx, pollset);
   }
   end_worker(exec_ctx, pollset, &worker, worker_hdl);
-  if (worker.pollable != &pollset->pollable) {
-    gpr_mu_unlock(&worker.pollable->po.mu);
+  if (worker.pollable_obj != &pollset->pollable_obj) {
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&worker.pollable_obj->po.mu);
   }
   if (grpc_exec_ctx_has_work(exec_ctx)) {
-    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
     grpc_exec_ctx_flush(exec_ctx);
-    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   }
   return error;
 }
@@ -1022,7 +1033,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_add_fd_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                          bool fd_locked) {
   static const char *err_desc = "pollset_add_fd";
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
-  if (pollset->current_pollable == &g_empty_pollable) {
+  if (pollset->current_pollable_obj == &g_empty_pollable) {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
               "PS:%p add fd %p; transition pollable from empty to fd", pollset,
@@ -1030,19 +1041,19 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_add_fd_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     }
     /* empty pollable --> single fd pollable */
     pollset_kick_all(exec_ctx, pollset);
-    pollset->current_pollable = &fd->pollable;
-    if (!fd_locked) gpr_mu_lock(&fd->pollable.po.mu);
+    pollset->current_pollable_obj = &fd->pollable_obj;
+    if (!fd_locked) gpr_mu_lock(&fd->pollable_obj.po.mu);
     append_error(&error, fd_become_pollable_locked(fd), err_desc);
-    if (!fd_locked) gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->pollable.po.mu);
+    if (!fd_locked) gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->pollable_obj.po.mu);
     REF_BY(fd, 2, "pollset_pollable");
-  } else if (pollset->current_pollable == &pollset->pollable) {
+  } else if (pollset->current_pollable_obj == &pollset->pollable_obj) {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "PS:%p add fd %p; already multipolling", pollset, fd);
     }
-    append_error(&error, pollable_add_fd(pollset->current_pollable, fd),
+    append_error(&error, pollable_add_fd(pollset->current_pollable_obj, fd),
                  err_desc);
-  } else if (pollset->current_pollable != &fd->pollable) {
-    grpc_fd *had_fd = (grpc_fd *)pollset->current_pollable;
+  } else if (pollset->current_pollable_obj != &fd->pollable_obj) {
+    grpc_fd *had_fd = (grpc_fd *)pollset->current_pollable_obj;
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
               "PS:%p add fd %p; transition pollable from fd %p to multipoller",
@@ -1054,11 +1065,11 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_add_fd_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     grpc_lfev_set_ready(exec_ctx, &had_fd->read_closure, "read");
     grpc_lfev_set_ready(exec_ctx, &had_fd->write_closure, "write");
     pollset_kick_all(exec_ctx, pollset);
-    pollset->current_pollable = &pollset->pollable;
-    if (append_error(&error, pollable_materialize(&pollset->pollable),
+    pollset->current_pollable_obj = &pollset->pollable_obj;
+    if (append_error(&error, pollable_materialize(&pollset->pollable_obj),
                      err_desc)) {
-      pollable_add_fd(&pollset->pollable, had_fd);
-      pollable_add_fd(&pollset->pollable, fd);
+      pollable_add_fd(&pollset->pollable_obj, had_fd);
+      pollable_add_fd(&pollset->pollable_obj, fd);
     }
     GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx,
                        GRPC_CLOSURE_CREATE(unref_fd_no_longer_poller, had_fd,
@@ -1070,9 +1081,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_add_fd_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void pollset_add_fd(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                            grpc_fd *fd) {
-  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   grpc_error *error = pollset_add_fd_locked(exec_ctx, pollset, fd, false);
-  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable.po.mu);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->pollable_obj.po.mu);
   GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_add_fd", error);
 }
 
@@ -1094,7 +1105,7 @@ static void pollset_set_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void pollset_set_add_fd(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset_set *pss,
                                grpc_fd *fd) {
-  po_join(exec_ctx, &pss->po, &fd->pollable.po);
+  po_join(exec_ctx, &pss->po, &fd->pollable_obj.po);
 }
 
 static void pollset_set_del_fd(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset_set *pss,
@@ -1102,7 +1113,7 @@ static void pollset_set_del_fd(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset_set *pss,
 
 static void pollset_set_add_pollset(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                     grpc_pollset_set *pss, grpc_pollset *ps) {
-  po_join(exec_ctx, &pss->po, &ps->pollable.po);
+  po_join(exec_ctx, &pss->po, &ps->pollable_obj.po);
 }
 
 static void pollset_set_del_pollset(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -1385,34 +1396,34 @@ static void shutdown_engine(void) {
 }
 
 static const grpc_event_engine_vtable vtable = {
-    .pollset_size = sizeof(grpc_pollset),
-
-    .fd_create = fd_create,
-    .fd_wrapped_fd = fd_wrapped_fd,
-    .fd_orphan = fd_orphan,
-    .fd_shutdown = fd_shutdown,
-    .fd_is_shutdown = fd_is_shutdown,
-    .fd_notify_on_read = fd_notify_on_read,
-    .fd_notify_on_write = fd_notify_on_write,
-    .fd_get_read_notifier_pollset = fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
-
-    .pollset_init = pollset_init,
-    .pollset_shutdown = pollset_shutdown,
-    .pollset_destroy = pollset_destroy,
-    .pollset_work = pollset_work,
-    .pollset_kick = pollset_kick,
-    .pollset_add_fd = pollset_add_fd,
-
-    .pollset_set_create = pollset_set_create,
-    .pollset_set_destroy = pollset_set_destroy,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset = pollset_set_add_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset = pollset_set_del_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset_set = pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset_set = pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_add_fd = pollset_set_add_fd,
-    .pollset_set_del_fd = pollset_set_del_fd,
-
-    .shutdown_engine = shutdown_engine,
+    sizeof(grpc_pollset),
+
+    fd_create,
+    fd_wrapped_fd,
+    fd_orphan,
+    fd_shutdown,
+    fd_notify_on_read,
+    fd_notify_on_write,
+    fd_is_shutdown,
+    fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
+
+    pollset_init,
+    pollset_shutdown,
+    pollset_destroy,
+    pollset_work,
+    pollset_kick,
+    pollset_add_fd,
+
+    pollset_set_create,
+    pollset_set_destroy,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_add_fd,
+    pollset_set_del_fd,
+
+    shutdown_engine,
 };
 
 const grpc_event_engine_vtable *grpc_init_epollex_linux(
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollsig_linux.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollsig_linux.c
index b88c3ba111..4d8bdf1401 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollsig_linux.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_epollsig_linux.c
@@ -1021,10 +1021,11 @@ static void push_front_worker(grpc_pollset *p, grpc_pollset_worker *worker) {
 }
 
 /* p->mu must be held before calling this function */
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *p,
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *p,
                                 grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("pollset_kick", 0);
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx);
   const char *err_desc = "Kick Failure";
   grpc_pollset_worker *worker = specific_worker;
   if (worker != NULL) {
@@ -1132,7 +1133,8 @@ static void fd_become_writable(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd) {
 }
 
 static void pollset_release_polling_island(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
-                                           grpc_pollset *ps, char *reason) {
+                                           grpc_pollset *ps,
+                                           const char *reason) {
   if (ps->po.pi != NULL) {
     PI_UNREF(exec_ctx, ps->po.pi, reason);
   }
@@ -1158,7 +1160,7 @@ static void pollset_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   GPR_ASSERT(!pollset->shutting_down);
   pollset->shutting_down = true;
   pollset->shutdown_done = closure;
-  pollset_kick(pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
+  pollset_kick(exec_ctx, pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
 
   /* If the pollset has any workers, we cannot call finish_shutdown_locked()
      because it would release the underlying polling island. In such a case, we
@@ -1670,34 +1672,34 @@ static void shutdown_engine(void) {
 }
 
 static const grpc_event_engine_vtable vtable = {
-    .pollset_size = sizeof(grpc_pollset),
-
-    .fd_create = fd_create,
-    .fd_wrapped_fd = fd_wrapped_fd,
-    .fd_orphan = fd_orphan,
-    .fd_shutdown = fd_shutdown,
-    .fd_is_shutdown = fd_is_shutdown,
-    .fd_notify_on_read = fd_notify_on_read,
-    .fd_notify_on_write = fd_notify_on_write,
-    .fd_get_read_notifier_pollset = fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
-
-    .pollset_init = pollset_init,
-    .pollset_shutdown = pollset_shutdown,
-    .pollset_destroy = pollset_destroy,
-    .pollset_work = pollset_work,
-    .pollset_kick = pollset_kick,
-    .pollset_add_fd = pollset_add_fd,
-
-    .pollset_set_create = pollset_set_create,
-    .pollset_set_destroy = pollset_set_destroy,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset = pollset_set_add_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset = pollset_set_del_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset_set = pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset_set = pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_add_fd = pollset_set_add_fd,
-    .pollset_set_del_fd = pollset_set_del_fd,
-
-    .shutdown_engine = shutdown_engine,
+    sizeof(grpc_pollset),
+
+    fd_create,
+    fd_wrapped_fd,
+    fd_orphan,
+    fd_shutdown,
+    fd_notify_on_read,
+    fd_notify_on_write,
+    fd_is_shutdown,
+    fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
+
+    pollset_init,
+    pollset_shutdown,
+    pollset_destroy,
+    pollset_work,
+    pollset_kick,
+    pollset_add_fd,
+
+    pollset_set_create,
+    pollset_set_destroy,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_add_fd,
+    pollset_set_del_fd,
+
+    shutdown_engine,
 };
 
 /* It is possible that GLIBC has epoll but the underlying kernel doesn't.
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_poll_posix.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_poll_posix.c
index 6a083f8ade..e170702dca 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_poll_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_poll_posix.c
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ static int poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(gpr_timespec deadline,
 #define GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP 2
 /* As per pollset_kick, with an extended set of flags (defined above)
    -- mostly for fd_posix's use. */
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick_ext(grpc_pollset *p,
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick_ext(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *p,
                                     grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker,
                                     uint32_t flags) GRPC_MUST_USE_RESULT;
 
@@ -365,36 +365,39 @@ static grpc_pollset *fd_get_read_notifier_pollset(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   return notifier;
 }
 
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick_locked(grpc_fd_watcher *watcher) {
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                       grpc_fd_watcher *watcher) {
   gpr_mu_lock(&watcher->pollset->mu);
   GPR_ASSERT(watcher->worker);
-  grpc_error *err = pollset_kick_ext(watcher->pollset, watcher->worker,
-                                     GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP);
+  grpc_error *err =
+      pollset_kick_ext(exec_ctx, watcher->pollset, watcher->worker,
+                       GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP);
   gpr_mu_unlock(&watcher->pollset->mu);
   return err;
 }
 
-static void maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(grpc_fd *fd) {
+static void maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                          grpc_fd *fd) {
   if (fd->inactive_watcher_root.next != &fd->inactive_watcher_root) {
-    pollset_kick_locked(fd->inactive_watcher_root.next);
+    pollset_kick_locked(exec_ctx, fd->inactive_watcher_root.next);
   } else if (fd->read_watcher) {
-    pollset_kick_locked(fd->read_watcher);
+    pollset_kick_locked(exec_ctx, fd->read_watcher);
   } else if (fd->write_watcher) {
-    pollset_kick_locked(fd->write_watcher);
+    pollset_kick_locked(exec_ctx, fd->write_watcher);
   }
 }
 
-static void wake_all_watchers_locked(grpc_fd *fd) {
+static void wake_all_watchers_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd) {
   grpc_fd_watcher *watcher;
   for (watcher = fd->inactive_watcher_root.next;
        watcher != &fd->inactive_watcher_root; watcher = watcher->next) {
-    pollset_kick_locked(watcher);
+    pollset_kick_locked(exec_ctx, watcher);
   }
   if (fd->read_watcher) {
-    pollset_kick_locked(fd->read_watcher);
+    pollset_kick_locked(exec_ctx, fd->read_watcher);
   }
   if (fd->write_watcher && fd->write_watcher != fd->read_watcher) {
-    pollset_kick_locked(fd->write_watcher);
+    pollset_kick_locked(exec_ctx, fd->write_watcher);
   }
 }
 
@@ -435,7 +438,7 @@ static void fd_orphan(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd,
   if (!has_watchers(fd)) {
     close_fd_locked(exec_ctx, fd);
   } else {
-    wake_all_watchers_locked(fd);
+    wake_all_watchers_locked(exec_ctx, fd);
   }
   gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
   UNREF_BY(fd, 2, reason); /* drop the reference */
@@ -479,7 +482,7 @@ static void notify_on_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *fd,
     /* already ready ==> queue the closure to run immediately */
     *st = CLOSURE_NOT_READY;
     GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, closure, fd_shutdown_error(fd));
-    maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(fd);
+    maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(exec_ctx, fd);
   } else {
     /* upcallptr was set to a different closure.  This is an error! */
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
@@ -648,7 +651,7 @@ static void fd_end_poll(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd_watcher *watcher,
     }
   }
   if (kick) {
-    maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(fd);
+    maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(exec_ctx, fd);
   }
   if (fd_is_orphaned(fd) && !has_watchers(fd) && !fd->closed) {
     close_fd_locked(exec_ctx, fd);
@@ -712,11 +715,12 @@ static void kick_append_error(grpc_error **composite, grpc_error *error) {
   *composite = grpc_error_add_child(*composite, error);
 }
 
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick_ext(grpc_pollset *p,
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick_ext(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *p,
                                     grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker,
                                     uint32_t flags) {
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("pollset_kick_ext", 0);
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK(exec_ctx);
 
   /* pollset->mu already held */
   if (specific_worker != NULL) {
@@ -782,9 +786,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_kick_ext(grpc_pollset *p,
   return error;
 }
 
-static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *p,
+static grpc_error *pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *p,
                                 grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
-  return pollset_kick_ext(p, specific_worker, 0);
+  return pollset_kick_ext(exec_ctx, p, specific_worker, 0);
 }
 
 /* global state management */
@@ -847,7 +851,7 @@ static void pollset_add_fd(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   }
   pollset->fds[pollset->fd_count++] = fd;
   GRPC_FD_REF(fd, "multipoller");
-  pollset_kick(pollset, NULL);
+  pollset_kick(exec_ctx, pollset, NULL);
 exit:
   gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
 }
@@ -989,6 +993,10 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
       r = grpc_poll_function(pfds, pfd_count, timeout);
       GRPC_SCHEDULING_END_BLOCKING_REGION;
 
+      if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p poll=%d", pollset, r);
+      }
+
       if (r < 0) {
         if (errno != EINTR) {
           work_combine_error(&error, GRPC_OS_ERROR(errno, "poll"));
@@ -1009,6 +1017,9 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
         }
       } else {
         if (pfds[0].revents & POLLIN_CHECK) {
+          if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
+            gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p: got_wakeup", pollset);
+          }
           work_combine_error(
               &error, grpc_wakeup_fd_consume_wakeup(&worker.wakeup_fd->fd));
         }
@@ -1016,6 +1027,11 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
           if (watchers[i].fd == NULL) {
             fd_end_poll(exec_ctx, &watchers[i], 0, 0, NULL);
           } else {
+            if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_polling_trace)) {
+              gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p got_event: %d r:%d w:%d [%d]", pollset,
+                      pfds[i].fd, (pfds[i].revents & POLLIN_CHECK) != 0,
+                      (pfds[i].revents & POLLOUT_CHECK) != 0, pfds[i].revents);
+            }
             fd_end_poll(exec_ctx, &watchers[i], pfds[i].revents & POLLIN_CHECK,
                         pfds[i].revents & POLLOUT_CHECK, pollset);
           }
@@ -1071,7 +1087,7 @@ static grpc_error *pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   /* check shutdown conditions */
   if (pollset->shutting_down) {
     if (pollset_has_workers(pollset)) {
-      pollset_kick(pollset, NULL);
+      pollset_kick(exec_ctx, pollset, NULL);
     } else if (!pollset->called_shutdown && !pollset_has_observers(pollset)) {
       pollset->called_shutdown = 1;
       gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
@@ -1100,7 +1116,7 @@ static void pollset_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   GPR_ASSERT(!pollset->shutting_down);
   pollset->shutting_down = 1;
   pollset->shutdown_done = closure;
-  pollset_kick(pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
+  pollset_kick(exec_ctx, pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
   if (!pollset_has_workers(pollset)) {
     GRPC_CLOSURE_LIST_SCHED(exec_ctx, &pollset->idle_jobs);
   }
@@ -1527,7 +1543,7 @@ static int cvfd_poll(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout) {
   for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
     fds[i].revents = 0;
     if (fds[i].fd < 0 && (fds[i].events & POLLIN)) {
-      idx = FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd);
+      idx = GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd);
       fd_cvs[i].cv = &pollcv_cv;
       fd_cvs[i].prev = NULL;
       fd_cvs[i].next = g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].cvs;
@@ -1590,8 +1606,8 @@ static int cvfd_poll(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout) {
   idx = 0;
   for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
     if (fds[i].fd < 0 && (fds[i].events & POLLIN)) {
-      remove_cvn(&g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd)].cvs, &(fd_cvs[i]));
-      if (g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd)].is_set) {
+      remove_cvn(&g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd)].cvs, &(fd_cvs[i]));
+      if (g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd)].is_set) {
         fds[i].revents = POLLIN;
         if (res >= 0) res++;
       }
@@ -1676,34 +1692,34 @@ static void shutdown_engine(void) {
 }
 
 static const grpc_event_engine_vtable vtable = {
-    .pollset_size = sizeof(grpc_pollset),
-
-    .fd_create = fd_create,
-    .fd_wrapped_fd = fd_wrapped_fd,
-    .fd_orphan = fd_orphan,
-    .fd_shutdown = fd_shutdown,
-    .fd_is_shutdown = fd_is_shutdown,
-    .fd_notify_on_read = fd_notify_on_read,
-    .fd_notify_on_write = fd_notify_on_write,
-    .fd_get_read_notifier_pollset = fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
-
-    .pollset_init = pollset_init,
-    .pollset_shutdown = pollset_shutdown,
-    .pollset_destroy = pollset_destroy,
-    .pollset_work = pollset_work,
-    .pollset_kick = pollset_kick,
-    .pollset_add_fd = pollset_add_fd,
-
-    .pollset_set_create = pollset_set_create,
-    .pollset_set_destroy = pollset_set_destroy,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset = pollset_set_add_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset = pollset_set_del_pollset,
-    .pollset_set_add_pollset_set = pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_del_pollset_set = pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
-    .pollset_set_add_fd = pollset_set_add_fd,
-    .pollset_set_del_fd = pollset_set_del_fd,
-
-    .shutdown_engine = shutdown_engine,
+    sizeof(grpc_pollset),
+
+    fd_create,
+    fd_wrapped_fd,
+    fd_orphan,
+    fd_shutdown,
+    fd_notify_on_read,
+    fd_notify_on_write,
+    fd_is_shutdown,
+    fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
+
+    pollset_init,
+    pollset_shutdown,
+    pollset_destroy,
+    pollset_work,
+    pollset_kick,
+    pollset_add_fd,
+
+    pollset_set_create,
+    pollset_set_destroy,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_add_fd,
+    pollset_set_del_fd,
+
+    shutdown_engine,
 };
 
 const grpc_event_engine_vtable *grpc_init_poll_posix(bool explicit_request) {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.c
index d881e2d4dd..4d3ae2228e 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.c
@@ -210,9 +210,9 @@ grpc_error *grpc_pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   return g_event_engine->pollset_work(exec_ctx, pollset, worker, now, deadline);
 }
 
-grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                               grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
-  return g_event_engine->pollset_kick(pollset, specific_worker);
+  return g_event_engine->pollset_kick(exec_ctx, pollset, specific_worker);
 }
 
 void grpc_pollset_add_fd(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.h b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.h
index 1108e46ef8..1ff2ff1413 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ typedef struct grpc_event_engine_vtable {
   grpc_error *(*pollset_work)(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                               grpc_pollset_worker **worker, gpr_timespec now,
                               gpr_timespec deadline);
-  grpc_error *(*pollset_kick)(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+  grpc_error *(*pollset_kick)(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                               grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker);
   void (*pollset_add_fd)(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                          struct grpc_fd *fd);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.c
index eb8d55678a..2439f15a8a 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.c
@@ -32,15 +32,14 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/exec_ctx.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/support/spinlock.h"
 
-#define MAX_DEPTH 2
-
 typedef struct {
   gpr_mu mu;
   gpr_cv cv;
   grpc_closure_list elems;
-  size_t depth;
   bool shutdown;
+  bool queued_long_job;
   gpr_thd_id id;
+  grpc_closure_list local_elems;
 } thread_state;
 
 static thread_state *g_thread_state;
@@ -50,25 +49,40 @@ static gpr_spinlock g_adding_thread_lock = GPR_SPINLOCK_STATIC_INITIALIZER;
 
 GPR_TLS_DECL(g_this_thread_state);
 
+static grpc_tracer_flag executor_trace =
+    GRPC_TRACER_INITIALIZER(false, "executor");
+
 static void executor_thread(void *arg);
 
-static size_t run_closures(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure_list list) {
-  size_t n = 0;
+static void run_closures(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure_list *list) {
+  int n = 0;  // number of closures executed
 
-  grpc_closure *c = list.head;
-  while (c != NULL) {
-    grpc_closure *next = c->next_data.next;
-    grpc_error *error = c->error_data.error;
+  while (!grpc_closure_list_empty(*list)) {
+    grpc_closure *c = list->head;
+    grpc_closure_list_init(list);
+    while (c != NULL) {
+      grpc_closure *next = c->next_data.next;
+      grpc_error *error = c->error_data.error;
+      if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(executor_trace)) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR: run %p [created by %s:%d]", c,
+                c->file_created, c->line_created);
+#else
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR: run %p", c);
+#endif
+      }
 #ifndef NDEBUG
-    c->scheduled = false;
+      c->scheduled = false;
 #endif
-    c->cb(exec_ctx, c->cb_arg, error);
-    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
-    c = next;
-    n++;
+      n++;
+      c->cb(exec_ctx, c->cb_arg, error);
+      GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+      c = next;
+      grpc_exec_ctx_flush(exec_ctx);
+    }
   }
 
-  return n;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_CLOSURES_PER_WAKEUP(exec_ctx, n);
 }
 
 bool grpc_executor_is_threaded() {
@@ -113,7 +127,7 @@ void grpc_executor_set_threading(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, bool threading) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < g_max_threads; i++) {
       gpr_mu_destroy(&g_thread_state[i].mu);
       gpr_cv_destroy(&g_thread_state[i].cv);
-      run_closures(exec_ctx, g_thread_state[i].elems);
+      run_closures(exec_ctx, &g_thread_state[i].elems);
     }
     gpr_free(g_thread_state);
     gpr_tls_destroy(&g_this_thread_state);
@@ -121,6 +135,7 @@ void grpc_executor_set_threading(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, bool threading) {
 }
 
 void grpc_executor_init(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx) {
+  grpc_register_tracer(&executor_trace);
   gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&g_cur_threads, 0);
   grpc_executor_set_threading(exec_ctx, true);
 }
@@ -136,67 +151,160 @@ static void executor_thread(void *arg) {
   grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx =
       GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INITIALIZER(0, grpc_never_ready_to_finish, NULL);
 
-  size_t subtract_depth = 0;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_THREADS_CREATED(&exec_ctx);
+
+  bool used = false;
   for (;;) {
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(executor_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR[%d]: step", (int)(ts - g_thread_state));
+    }
     gpr_mu_lock(&ts->mu);
-    ts->depth -= subtract_depth;
     while (grpc_closure_list_empty(ts->elems) && !ts->shutdown) {
+      ts->queued_long_job = false;
       gpr_cv_wait(&ts->cv, &ts->mu, gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME));
     }
     if (ts->shutdown) {
+      if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(executor_trace)) {
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR[%d]: shutdown",
+                (int)(ts - g_thread_state));
+      }
       gpr_mu_unlock(&ts->mu);
       break;
     }
+    if (!used) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_THREADS_USED(&exec_ctx);
+      used = true;
+    }
     GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_QUEUE_DRAINED(&exec_ctx);
-    grpc_closure_list exec = ts->elems;
+    GPR_ASSERT(grpc_closure_list_empty(ts->local_elems));
+    ts->local_elems = ts->elems;
     ts->elems = (grpc_closure_list)GRPC_CLOSURE_LIST_INIT;
     gpr_mu_unlock(&ts->mu);
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(executor_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR[%d]: execute", (int)(ts - g_thread_state));
+    }
 
-    subtract_depth = run_closures(&exec_ctx, exec);
-    grpc_exec_ctx_flush(&exec_ctx);
+    run_closures(&exec_ctx, &ts->local_elems);
   }
   grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
 }
 
 static void executor_push(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure *closure,
-                          grpc_error *error) {
-  size_t cur_thread_count = (size_t)gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_cur_threads);
-  GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_ITEMS(exec_ctx);
-  if (cur_thread_count == 0) {
-    grpc_closure_list_append(&exec_ctx->closure_list, closure, error);
-    return;
-  }
-  thread_state *ts = (thread_state *)gpr_tls_get(&g_this_thread_state);
-  if (ts == NULL) {
-    ts = &g_thread_state[GPR_HASH_POINTER(exec_ctx, cur_thread_count)];
+                          grpc_error *error, bool is_short) {
+  bool retry_push;
+  if (is_short) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_SHORT_ITEMS(exec_ctx);
   } else {
-    GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_TO_SELF(exec_ctx);
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_LONG_ITEMS(exec_ctx);
   }
-  gpr_mu_lock(&ts->mu);
-  if (grpc_closure_list_empty(ts->elems)) {
-    GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_WAKEUP_INITIATED(exec_ctx);
-    gpr_cv_signal(&ts->cv);
-  }
-  grpc_closure_list_append(&ts->elems, closure, error);
-  ts->depth++;
-  bool try_new_thread = ts->depth > MAX_DEPTH &&
-                        cur_thread_count < g_max_threads && !ts->shutdown;
-  gpr_mu_unlock(&ts->mu);
-  if (try_new_thread && gpr_spinlock_trylock(&g_adding_thread_lock)) {
-    cur_thread_count = (size_t)gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_cur_threads);
-    if (cur_thread_count < g_max_threads) {
-      gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&g_cur_threads, cur_thread_count + 1);
-
-      gpr_thd_options opt = gpr_thd_options_default();
-      gpr_thd_options_set_joinable(&opt);
-      gpr_thd_new(&g_thread_state[cur_thread_count].id, executor_thread,
-                  &g_thread_state[cur_thread_count], &opt);
+  do {
+    retry_push = false;
+    size_t cur_thread_count = (size_t)gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_cur_threads);
+    if (cur_thread_count == 0) {
+      if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(executor_trace)) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR: schedule %p (created %s:%d) inline",
+                closure, closure->file_created, closure->line_created);
+#else
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR: schedule %p inline", closure);
+#endif
+      }
+      grpc_closure_list_append(&exec_ctx->closure_list, closure, error);
+      return;
     }
-    gpr_spinlock_unlock(&g_adding_thread_lock);
-  }
+    thread_state *ts = (thread_state *)gpr_tls_get(&g_this_thread_state);
+    if (ts == NULL) {
+      ts = &g_thread_state[GPR_HASH_POINTER(exec_ctx, cur_thread_count)];
+    } else {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_SCHEDULED_TO_SELF(exec_ctx);
+      if (is_short) {
+        grpc_closure_list_append(&ts->local_elems, closure, error);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    thread_state *orig_ts = ts;
+
+    bool try_new_thread;
+    for (;;) {
+      if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(executor_trace)) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        gpr_log(
+            GPR_DEBUG,
+            "EXECUTOR: try to schedule %p (%s) (created %s:%d) to thread %d",
+            closure, is_short ? "short" : "long", closure->file_created,
+            closure->line_created, (int)(ts - g_thread_state));
+#else
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "EXECUTOR: try to schedule %p (%s) to thread %d",
+                closure, is_short ? "short" : "long",
+                (int)(ts - g_thread_state));
+#endif
+      }
+      gpr_mu_lock(&ts->mu);
+      if (ts->queued_long_job) {
+        // if there's a long job queued, we never queue anything else to this
+        // queue (since long jobs can take 'infinite' time and we need to
+        // guarantee no starvation)
+        // ... spin through queues and try again
+        gpr_mu_unlock(&ts->mu);
+        size_t idx = (size_t)(ts - g_thread_state);
+        ts = &g_thread_state[(idx + 1) % cur_thread_count];
+        if (ts == orig_ts) {
+          retry_push = true;
+          try_new_thread = true;
+          break;
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (grpc_closure_list_empty(ts->elems)) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_WAKEUP_INITIATED(exec_ctx);
+        gpr_cv_signal(&ts->cv);
+      }
+      grpc_closure_list_append(&ts->elems, closure, error);
+      try_new_thread = ts->elems.head != closure &&
+                       cur_thread_count < g_max_threads && !ts->shutdown;
+      if (!is_short) ts->queued_long_job = true;
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&ts->mu);
+      break;
+    }
+    if (try_new_thread && gpr_spinlock_trylock(&g_adding_thread_lock)) {
+      cur_thread_count = (size_t)gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_cur_threads);
+      if (cur_thread_count < g_max_threads) {
+        gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&g_cur_threads, cur_thread_count + 1);
+
+        gpr_thd_options opt = gpr_thd_options_default();
+        gpr_thd_options_set_joinable(&opt);
+        gpr_thd_new(&g_thread_state[cur_thread_count].id, executor_thread,
+                    &g_thread_state[cur_thread_count], &opt);
+      }
+      gpr_spinlock_unlock(&g_adding_thread_lock);
+    }
+    if (retry_push) {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_EXECUTOR_PUSH_RETRIES(exec_ctx);
+    }
+  } while (retry_push);
+}
+
+static void executor_push_short(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure *closure,
+                                grpc_error *error) {
+  executor_push(exec_ctx, closure, error, true);
+}
+
+static void executor_push_long(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_closure *closure,
+                               grpc_error *error) {
+  executor_push(exec_ctx, closure, error, false);
 }
 
-static const grpc_closure_scheduler_vtable executor_vtable = {
-    executor_push, executor_push, "executor"};
-static grpc_closure_scheduler executor_scheduler = {&executor_vtable};
-grpc_closure_scheduler *grpc_executor_scheduler = &executor_scheduler;
+static const grpc_closure_scheduler_vtable executor_vtable_short = {
+    executor_push_short, executor_push_short, "executor"};
+static grpc_closure_scheduler executor_scheduler_short = {
+    &executor_vtable_short};
+
+static const grpc_closure_scheduler_vtable executor_vtable_long = {
+    executor_push_long, executor_push_long, "executor"};
+static grpc_closure_scheduler executor_scheduler_long = {&executor_vtable_long};
+
+grpc_closure_scheduler *grpc_executor_scheduler(
+    grpc_executor_job_length length) {
+  return length == GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT ? &executor_scheduler_short
+                                       : &executor_scheduler_long;
+}
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h b/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h
index c3382a0a12..0412c02790 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h
@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@
 
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.h"
 
+typedef enum {
+  GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT,
+  GRPC_EXECUTOR_LONG
+} grpc_executor_job_length;
+
 /** Initialize the global executor.
  *
  * This mechanism is meant to outsource work (grpc_closure instances) to a
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@
  * non-blocking solution available. */
 void grpc_executor_init(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx);
 
-extern grpc_closure_scheduler *grpc_executor_scheduler;
+grpc_closure_scheduler *grpc_executor_scheduler(grpc_executor_job_length);
 
 /** Shutdown the executor, running all pending work as part of the call */
 void grpc_executor_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.c
index 1feea6d628..f63f190155 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ void grpc_iomgr_init(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx) {
   grpc_executor_init(exec_ctx);
   grpc_timer_list_init(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC));
   g_root_object.next = g_root_object.prev = &g_root_object;
-  g_root_object.name = "root";
+  g_root_object.name = (char *)"root";
   grpc_network_status_init();
   grpc_iomgr_platform_init();
 }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/is_epollexclusive_available.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/is_epollexclusive_available.c
index e8a7d4d52c..d08844c0df 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/is_epollexclusive_available.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/is_epollexclusive_available.c
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ bool grpc_is_epollexclusive_available(void) {
     close(fd);
     return false;
   }
-  struct epoll_event ev = {
-      /* choose events that should cause an error on
-         EPOLLEXCLUSIVE enabled kernels - specifically the combination of
-         EPOLLONESHOT and EPOLLEXCLUSIVE */
-      .events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLET | EPOLLIN | EPOLLEXCLUSIVE | EPOLLONESHOT),
-      .data.ptr = NULL};
+  struct epoll_event ev;
+  /* choose events that should cause an error on
+     EPOLLEXCLUSIVE enabled kernels - specifically the combination of
+     EPOLLONESHOT and EPOLLEXCLUSIVE */
+  ev.events = (uint32_t)(EPOLLET | EPOLLIN | EPOLLEXCLUSIVE | EPOLLONESHOT);
+  ev.data.ptr = NULL;
   if (epoll_ctl(fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, evfd, &ev) != 0) {
     if (errno != EINVAL) {
       if (!logged_why_not) {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.c
index 74d8794af5..8591a5518e 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ grpc_polling_entity grpc_polling_entity_create_from_pollset_set(
     grpc_pollset_set *pollset_set) {
   grpc_polling_entity pollent;
   pollent.pollent.pollset_set = pollset_set;
-  pollent.tag = POPS_POLLSET_SET;
+  pollent.tag = GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET_SET;
   return pollent;
 }
 
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ grpc_polling_entity grpc_polling_entity_create_from_pollset(
     grpc_pollset *pollset) {
   grpc_polling_entity pollent;
   pollent.pollent.pollset = pollset;
-  pollent.tag = POPS_POLLSET;
+  pollent.tag = GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET;
   return pollent;
 }
 
 grpc_pollset *grpc_polling_entity_pollset(grpc_polling_entity *pollent) {
-  if (pollent->tag == POPS_POLLSET) {
+  if (pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET) {
     return pollent->pollent.pollset;
   }
   return NULL;
@@ -46,23 +46,23 @@ grpc_pollset *grpc_polling_entity_pollset(grpc_polling_entity *pollent) {
 
 grpc_pollset_set *grpc_polling_entity_pollset_set(
     grpc_polling_entity *pollent) {
-  if (pollent->tag == POPS_POLLSET_SET) {
+  if (pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET_SET) {
     return pollent->pollent.pollset_set;
   }
   return NULL;
 }
 
 bool grpc_polling_entity_is_empty(const grpc_polling_entity *pollent) {
-  return pollent->tag == POPS_NONE;
+  return pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_NONE;
 }
 
 void grpc_polling_entity_add_to_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                             grpc_polling_entity *pollent,
                                             grpc_pollset_set *pss_dst) {
-  if (pollent->tag == POPS_POLLSET) {
+  if (pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET) {
     GPR_ASSERT(pollent->pollent.pollset != NULL);
     grpc_pollset_set_add_pollset(exec_ctx, pss_dst, pollent->pollent.pollset);
-  } else if (pollent->tag == POPS_POLLSET_SET) {
+  } else if (pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET_SET) {
     GPR_ASSERT(pollent->pollent.pollset_set != NULL);
     grpc_pollset_set_add_pollset_set(exec_ctx, pss_dst,
                                      pollent->pollent.pollset_set);
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ void grpc_polling_entity_add_to_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 void grpc_polling_entity_del_from_pollset_set(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                               grpc_polling_entity *pollent,
                                               grpc_pollset_set *pss_dst) {
-  if (pollent->tag == POPS_POLLSET) {
+  if (pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET) {
     GPR_ASSERT(pollent->pollent.pollset != NULL);
     grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset(exec_ctx, pss_dst, pollent->pollent.pollset);
-  } else if (pollent->tag == POPS_POLLSET_SET) {
+  } else if (pollent->tag == GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET_SET) {
     GPR_ASSERT(pollent->pollent.pollset_set != NULL);
     grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset_set(exec_ctx, pss_dst,
                                      pollent->pollent.pollset_set);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.h b/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.h
index 971fd88b42..a161e1fea6 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.h
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_set.h"
 
+typedef enum grpc_pollset_tag {
+  GRPC_POLLS_NONE,
+  GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET,
+  GRPC_POLLS_POLLSET_SET
+} grpc_pollset_tag;
+
 /* A grpc_polling_entity is a pollset-or-pollset_set container. It allows
  * functions that accept a pollset XOR a pollset_set to do so through an
  * abstract interface. No ownership is taken. */
@@ -31,7 +37,7 @@ typedef struct grpc_polling_entity {
     grpc_pollset *pollset;
     grpc_pollset_set *pollset_set;
   } pollent;
-  enum pops_tag { POPS_NONE, POPS_POLLSET, POPS_POLLSET_SET } tag;
+  grpc_pollset_tag tag;
 } grpc_polling_entity;
 
 grpc_polling_entity grpc_polling_entity_create_from_pollset_set(
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset.h b/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset.h
index a609a3877a..a0f6b3a9d3 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset.h
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
 
 /* Break one polling thread out of polling work for this pollset.
    If specific_worker is non-NULL, then kick that worker. */
-grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                               grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker)
     GRPC_MUST_USE_RESULT;
 
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_uv.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_uv.c
index a79fe89d3e..2651325e25 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_uv.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_uv.c
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_pollset_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
-grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                               grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
   GRPC_UV_ASSERT_SAME_THREAD();
   uv_timer_start(dummy_uv_handle, dummy_timer_cb, 0, 0);
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_windows.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_windows.c
index ea017a6054..eb295d3eeb 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_windows.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset_windows.c
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ void grpc_pollset_init(grpc_pollset *pollset, gpr_mu **mu) {
 void grpc_pollset_shutdown(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                            grpc_closure *closure) {
   pollset->shutting_down = 1;
-  grpc_pollset_kick(pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
+  grpc_pollset_kick(exec_ctx, pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
   if (!pollset->is_iocp_worker) {
     GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, closure, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
   } else {
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ done:
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
 }
 
-grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *p,
+grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *p,
                               grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
   if (specific_worker != NULL) {
     if (specific_worker == GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST) {
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *p,
     specific_worker =
         pop_front_worker(&p->root_worker, GRPC_POLLSET_WORKER_LINK_POLLSET);
     if (specific_worker != NULL) {
-      grpc_pollset_kick(p, specific_worker);
+      grpc_pollset_kick(exec_ctx, p, specific_worker);
     } else if (p->is_iocp_worker) {
       grpc_iocp_kick();
     } else {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_posix.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_posix.c
index b515b8f1e6..60cfeebd47 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_posix.c
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static grpc_error *blocking_resolve_address_impl(
 
   if (s != 0) {
     /* Retry if well-known service name is recognized */
-    char *svc[][2] = {{"http", "80"}, {"https", "443"}};
+    const char *svc[][2] = {{"http", "80"}, {"https", "443"}};
     for (i = 0; i < GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(svc); i++) {
       if (strcmp(port, svc[i][0]) == 0) {
         GRPC_SCHEDULING_START_BLOCKING_REGION;
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ static void resolve_address_impl(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, const char *name,
                                  grpc_resolved_addresses **addrs) {
   request *r = (request *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(request));
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&r->request_closure, do_request_thread, r,
-                    grpc_executor_scheduler);
+                    grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT));
   r->name = gpr_strdup(name);
   r->default_port = gpr_strdup(default_port);
   r->on_done = on_done;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_windows.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_windows.c
index 45cfd7248d..0cb0029f4e 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_windows.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/resolve_address_windows.c
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ static void resolve_address_impl(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, const char *name,
                                  grpc_resolved_addresses **addresses) {
   request *r = gpr_malloc(sizeof(request));
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&r->request_closure, do_request_thread, r,
-                    grpc_executor_scheduler);
+                    grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT));
   r->name = gpr_strdup(name);
   r->default_port = gpr_strdup(default_port);
   r->on_done = on_done;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/resource_quota.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/resource_quota.c
index 6c58986b53..4d69986fbc 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/resource_quota.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/resource_quota.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <grpc/slice_buffer.h>
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
@@ -656,7 +657,7 @@ grpc_resource_quota *grpc_resource_quota_from_channel_args(
     if (0 == strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key, GRPC_ARG_RESOURCE_QUOTA)) {
       if (channel_args->args[i].type == GRPC_ARG_POINTER) {
         return grpc_resource_quota_ref_internal(
-            channel_args->args[i].value.pointer.p);
+            (grpc_resource_quota *)channel_args->args[i].value.pointer.p);
       } else {
         gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, GRPC_ARG_RESOURCE_QUOTA " should be a pointer");
       }
@@ -666,12 +667,12 @@ grpc_resource_quota *grpc_resource_quota_from_channel_args(
 }
 
 static void *rq_copy(void *rq) {
-  grpc_resource_quota_ref(rq);
+  grpc_resource_quota_ref((grpc_resource_quota *)rq);
   return rq;
 }
 
 static void rq_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *rq) {
-  grpc_resource_quota_unref_internal(exec_ctx, rq);
+  grpc_resource_quota_unref_internal(exec_ctx, (grpc_resource_quota *)rq);
 }
 
 static int rq_cmp(void *a, void *b) { return GPR_ICMP(a, b); }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_factory_posix.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_factory_posix.c
index 0f82dea570..8e907703ae 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_factory_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_factory_posix.c
@@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ void grpc_socket_factory_unref(grpc_socket_factory *factory) {
 }
 
 static void *socket_factory_arg_copy(void *p) {
-  return grpc_socket_factory_ref(p);
+  return grpc_socket_factory_ref((grpc_socket_factory *)p);
 }
 
 static void socket_factory_arg_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *p) {
-  grpc_socket_factory_unref(p);
+  grpc_socket_factory_unref((grpc_socket_factory *)p);
 }
 
 static int socket_factory_cmp(void *a, void *b) {
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ static const grpc_arg_pointer_vtable socket_factory_arg_vtable = {
     socket_factory_arg_copy, socket_factory_arg_destroy, socket_factory_cmp};
 
 grpc_arg grpc_socket_factory_to_arg(grpc_socket_factory *factory) {
-  return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create(GRPC_ARG_SOCKET_FACTORY, factory,
-                                         &socket_factory_arg_vtable);
+  return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create((char *)GRPC_ARG_SOCKET_FACTORY,
+                                         factory, &socket_factory_arg_vtable);
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_mutator.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_mutator.c
index 5d6c2c400e..b0435d5a07 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_mutator.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_mutator.c
@@ -60,11 +60,11 @@ void grpc_socket_mutator_unref(grpc_socket_mutator *mutator) {
 }
 
 static void *socket_mutator_arg_copy(void *p) {
-  return grpc_socket_mutator_ref(p);
+  return grpc_socket_mutator_ref((grpc_socket_mutator *)p);
 }
 
 static void socket_mutator_arg_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *p) {
-  grpc_socket_mutator_unref(p);
+  grpc_socket_mutator_unref((grpc_socket_mutator *)p);
 }
 
 static int socket_mutator_cmp(void *a, void *b) {
@@ -76,6 +76,6 @@ static const grpc_arg_pointer_vtable socket_mutator_arg_vtable = {
     socket_mutator_arg_copy, socket_mutator_arg_destroy, socket_mutator_cmp};
 
 grpc_arg grpc_socket_mutator_to_arg(grpc_socket_mutator *mutator) {
-  return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create(GRPC_ARG_SOCKET_MUTATOR, mutator,
-                                         &socket_mutator_arg_vtable);
+  return grpc_channel_arg_pointer_create((char *)GRPC_ARG_SOCKET_MUTATOR,
+                                         mutator, &socket_mutator_arg_vtable);
 }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_posix.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_posix.c
index ba0be9116f..7e271294fd 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_posix.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/debug/trace.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/profiling/timers.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_string_helpers.h"
@@ -90,8 +91,8 @@ typedef struct {
   grpc_closure *release_fd_cb;
   int *release_fd;
 
-  grpc_closure read_closure;
-  grpc_closure write_closure;
+  grpc_closure read_done_closure;
+  grpc_closure write_done_closure;
 
   char *peer_string;
 
@@ -99,6 +100,148 @@ typedef struct {
   grpc_resource_user_slice_allocator slice_allocator;
 } grpc_tcp;
 
+typedef struct backup_poller {
+  gpr_mu *pollset_mu;
+  grpc_closure run_poller;
+} backup_poller;
+
+#define BACKUP_POLLER_POLLSET(b) ((grpc_pollset *)((b) + 1))
+
+static gpr_atm g_uncovered_notifications_pending;
+static gpr_atm g_backup_poller; /* backup_poller* */
+
+static void tcp_handle_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg /* grpc_tcp */,
+                            grpc_error *error);
+static void tcp_handle_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg /* grpc_tcp */,
+                             grpc_error *error);
+static void tcp_drop_uncovered_then_handle_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 void *arg /* grpc_tcp */,
+                                                 grpc_error *error);
+
+static void done_poller(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *bp,
+                        grpc_error *error_ignored) {
+  backup_poller *p = (backup_poller *)bp;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p destroy", p);
+  }
+  grpc_pollset_destroy(exec_ctx, BACKUP_POLLER_POLLSET(p));
+  gpr_free(p);
+}
+
+static void run_poller(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *bp,
+                       grpc_error *error_ignored) {
+  backup_poller *p = (backup_poller *)bp;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p run", p);
+  }
+  gpr_mu_lock(p->pollset_mu);
+  gpr_timespec now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+  gpr_timespec deadline =
+      gpr_time_add(now, gpr_time_from_seconds(10, GPR_TIMESPAN));
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_TCP_BACKUP_POLLER_POLLS(exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("backup_poller:pollset_work",
+                    grpc_pollset_work(exec_ctx, BACKUP_POLLER_POLLSET(p), NULL,
+                                      now, deadline));
+  gpr_mu_unlock(p->pollset_mu);
+  /* last "uncovered" notification is the ref that keeps us polling, if we get
+   * there try a cas to release it */
+  if (gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&g_uncovered_notifications_pending) == 1 &&
+      gpr_atm_full_cas(&g_uncovered_notifications_pending, 1, 0)) {
+    gpr_mu_lock(p->pollset_mu);
+    bool cas_ok = gpr_atm_full_cas(&g_backup_poller, (gpr_atm)p, 0);
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p done cas_ok=%d", p, cas_ok);
+    }
+    gpr_mu_unlock(p->pollset_mu);
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p shutdown", p);
+    }
+    grpc_pollset_shutdown(exec_ctx, BACKUP_POLLER_POLLSET(p),
+                          GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&p->run_poller, done_poller, p,
+                                            grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx));
+  } else {
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p reschedule", p);
+    }
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, &p->run_poller, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+  }
+}
+
+static void drop_uncovered(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
+  backup_poller *p = (backup_poller *)gpr_atm_acq_load(&g_backup_poller);
+  gpr_atm old_count =
+      gpr_atm_no_barrier_fetch_add(&g_uncovered_notifications_pending, -1);
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p uncover cnt %d->%d", p, (int)old_count,
+            (int)old_count - 1);
+  }
+  GPR_ASSERT(old_count != 1);
+}
+
+static void cover_self(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
+  backup_poller *p;
+  gpr_atm old_count =
+      gpr_atm_no_barrier_fetch_add(&g_uncovered_notifications_pending, 2);
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER: cover cnt %d->%d", (int)old_count,
+            2 + (int)old_count);
+  }
+  if (old_count == 0) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_TCP_BACKUP_POLLERS_CREATED(exec_ctx);
+    p = (backup_poller *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*p) + grpc_pollset_size());
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p create", p);
+    }
+    grpc_pollset_init(BACKUP_POLLER_POLLSET(p), &p->pollset_mu);
+    gpr_atm_rel_store(&g_backup_poller, (gpr_atm)p);
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(
+        exec_ctx,
+        GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&p->run_poller, run_poller, p,
+                          grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_LONG)),
+        GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+  } else {
+    while ((p = (backup_poller *)gpr_atm_acq_load(&g_backup_poller)) == NULL) {
+      // spin waiting for backup poller
+    }
+  }
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "BACKUP_POLLER:%p add %p", p, tcp);
+  }
+  grpc_pollset_add_fd(exec_ctx, BACKUP_POLLER_POLLSET(p), tcp->em_fd);
+  if (old_count != 0) {
+    drop_uncovered(exec_ctx, tcp);
+  }
+}
+
+static void notify_on_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p notify_on_read", tcp);
+  }
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&tcp->read_done_closure, tcp_handle_read, tcp,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  grpc_fd_notify_on_read(exec_ctx, tcp->em_fd, &tcp->read_done_closure);
+}
+
+static void notify_on_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p notify_on_write", tcp);
+  }
+  cover_self(exec_ctx, tcp);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&tcp->write_done_closure,
+                    tcp_drop_uncovered_then_handle_write, tcp,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  grpc_fd_notify_on_write(exec_ctx, tcp->em_fd, &tcp->write_done_closure);
+}
+
+static void tcp_drop_uncovered_then_handle_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                                 void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p got_write: %s", arg, grpc_error_string(error));
+  }
+  drop_uncovered(exec_ctx, (grpc_tcp *)arg);
+  tcp_handle_write(exec_ctx, arg, error);
+}
+
 static void add_to_estimate(grpc_tcp *tcp, size_t bytes) {
   tcp->bytes_read_this_round += (double)bytes;
 }
@@ -214,6 +357,7 @@ static void call_read_cb(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp,
   grpc_closure *cb = tcp->read_cb;
 
   if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p call_cb %p %p:%p", tcp, cb, cb->cb, cb->cb_arg);
     size_t i;
     const char *str = grpc_error_string(error);
     gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "read: error=%s", str);
@@ -271,7 +415,7 @@ static void tcp_do_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
     if (errno == EAGAIN) {
       finish_estimate(tcp);
       /* We've consumed the edge, request a new one */
-      grpc_fd_notify_on_read(exec_ctx, tcp->em_fd, &tcp->read_closure);
+      notify_on_read(exec_ctx, tcp);
     } else {
       grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(exec_ctx,
                                                  tcp->incoming_buffer);
@@ -308,6 +452,10 @@ static void tcp_do_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
 static void tcp_read_allocation_done(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *tcpp,
                                      grpc_error *error) {
   grpc_tcp *tcp = (grpc_tcp *)tcpp;
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p read_allocation_done: %s", tcp,
+            grpc_error_string(error));
+  }
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(exec_ctx, tcp->incoming_buffer);
     grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(exec_ctx,
@@ -323,9 +471,15 @@ static void tcp_continue_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp *tcp) {
   size_t target_read_size = get_target_read_size(tcp);
   if (tcp->incoming_buffer->length < target_read_size &&
       tcp->incoming_buffer->count < MAX_READ_IOVEC) {
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p alloc_slices", tcp);
+    }
     grpc_resource_user_alloc_slices(exec_ctx, &tcp->slice_allocator,
                                     target_read_size, 1, tcp->incoming_buffer);
   } else {
+    if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p do_read", tcp);
+    }
     tcp_do_read(exec_ctx, tcp);
   }
 }
@@ -334,6 +488,9 @@ static void tcp_handle_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg /* grpc_tcp */,
                             grpc_error *error) {
   grpc_tcp *tcp = (grpc_tcp *)arg;
   GPR_ASSERT(!tcp->finished_edge);
+  if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "TCP:%p got_read: %s", tcp, grpc_error_string(error));
+  }
 
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     grpc_slice_buffer_reset_and_unref_internal(exec_ctx, tcp->incoming_buffer);
@@ -357,9 +514,9 @@ static void tcp_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_endpoint *ep,
   TCP_REF(tcp, "read");
   if (tcp->finished_edge) {
     tcp->finished_edge = false;
-    grpc_fd_notify_on_read(exec_ctx, tcp->em_fd, &tcp->read_closure);
+    notify_on_read(exec_ctx, tcp);
   } else {
-    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, &tcp->read_closure, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, &tcp->read_done_closure, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
   }
 }
 
@@ -472,7 +629,7 @@ static void tcp_handle_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg /* grpc_tcp */,
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "write: delayed");
     }
-    grpc_fd_notify_on_write(exec_ctx, tcp->em_fd, &tcp->write_closure);
+    notify_on_write(exec_ctx, tcp);
   } else {
     cb = tcp->write_cb;
     tcp->write_cb = NULL;
@@ -525,7 +682,7 @@ static void tcp_write(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_endpoint *ep,
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "write: delayed");
     }
-    grpc_fd_notify_on_write(exec_ctx, tcp->em_fd, &tcp->write_closure);
+    notify_on_write(exec_ctx, tcp);
   } else {
     if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_tcp_trace)) {
       const char *str = grpc_error_string(error);
@@ -602,7 +759,7 @@ grpc_endpoint *grpc_tcp_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *em_fd,
                  strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key, GRPC_ARG_RESOURCE_QUOTA)) {
         grpc_resource_quota_unref_internal(exec_ctx, resource_quota);
         resource_quota = grpc_resource_quota_ref_internal(
-            channel_args->args[i].value.pointer.p);
+            (grpc_resource_quota *)channel_args->args[i].value.pointer.p);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -631,10 +788,6 @@ grpc_endpoint *grpc_tcp_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_fd *em_fd,
   gpr_ref_init(&tcp->refcount, 1);
   gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&tcp->shutdown_count, 0);
   tcp->em_fd = em_fd;
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&tcp->read_closure, tcp_handle_read, tcp,
-                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&tcp->write_closure, tcp_handle_write, tcp,
-                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
   grpc_slice_buffer_init(&tcp->last_read_buffer);
   tcp->resource_user = grpc_resource_user_create(resource_quota, peer_string);
   grpc_resource_user_slice_allocator_init(
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_server_posix.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_server_posix.c
index c3ec3e447a..06612d639c 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_server_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/tcp_server_posix.c
@@ -198,12 +198,12 @@ static void tcp_server_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_tcp_server *s) {
 /* event manager callback when reads are ready */
 static void on_read(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg, grpc_error *err) {
   grpc_tcp_listener *sp = (grpc_tcp_listener *)arg;
-
+  grpc_pollset *read_notifier_pollset;
   if (err != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
     goto error;
   }
 
-  grpc_pollset *read_notifier_pollset =
+  read_notifier_pollset =
       sp->server->pollsets[(size_t)gpr_atm_no_barrier_fetch_add(
                                &sp->server->next_pollset_to_assign, 1) %
                            sp->server->pollset_count];
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_generic.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_generic.c
index c08bb525b7..e9a7236c8c 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_generic.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_generic.c
@@ -95,9 +95,7 @@ struct shared_mutables {
   gpr_mu mu;
 } GPR_ALIGN_STRUCT(GPR_CACHELINE_SIZE);
 
-static struct shared_mutables g_shared_mutables = {
-    .checker_mu = GPR_SPINLOCK_STATIC_INITIALIZER, .initialized = false,
-};
+static struct shared_mutables g_shared_mutables;
 
 static gpr_clock_type g_clock_type;
 static gpr_timespec g_start_time;
@@ -155,6 +153,7 @@ void grpc_timer_list_init(gpr_timespec now) {
   uint32_t i;
 
   g_shared_mutables.initialized = true;
+  g_shared_mutables.checker_mu = GPR_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER;
   gpr_mu_init(&g_shared_mutables.mu);
   g_clock_type = now.clock_type;
   g_start_time = now;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_manager.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_manager.c
index ae2c0bf0ae..04ca44563d 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_manager.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_manager.c
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ static void timer_thread(void *completed_thread_ptr) {
       GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INITIALIZER(0, grpc_never_ready_to_finish, NULL);
   timer_main_loop(&exec_ctx);
   grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
-  timer_thread_cleanup(completed_thread_ptr);
+  timer_thread_cleanup((completed_thread *)completed_thread_ptr);
 }
 
 static void start_threads(void) {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/udp_server.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/udp_server.c
index 9a02c1d1bb..00b2e68bb5 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/udp_server.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/udp_server.c
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ static grpc_socket_factory *get_socket_factory(const grpc_channel_args *args) {
     const grpc_arg *arg = grpc_channel_args_find(args, GRPC_ARG_SOCKET_FACTORY);
     if (arg) {
       GPR_ASSERT(arg->type == GRPC_ARG_POINTER);
-      return arg->value.pointer.p;
+      return (grpc_socket_factory *)arg->value.pointer.p;
     }
   }
   return NULL;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.c b/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.c
index 5e0b1d1704..268e0175dd 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static grpc_error* cv_fd_init(grpc_wakeup_fd* fd_info) {
   g_cvfds.free_fds = g_cvfds.free_fds->next_free;
   g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].cvs = NULL;
   g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].is_set = 0;
-  fd_info->read_fd = IDX_TO_FD(idx);
+  fd_info->read_fd = GRPC_IDX_TO_FD(idx);
   fd_info->write_fd = -1;
   gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ static grpc_error* cv_fd_init(grpc_wakeup_fd* fd_info) {
 static grpc_error* cv_fd_wakeup(grpc_wakeup_fd* fd_info) {
   cv_node* cvn;
   gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
-  g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].is_set = 1;
-  cvn = g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].cvs;
+  g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].is_set = 1;
+  cvn = g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].cvs;
   while (cvn) {
     gpr_cv_signal(cvn->cv);
     cvn = cvn->next;
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static grpc_error* cv_fd_wakeup(grpc_wakeup_fd* fd_info) {
 
 static grpc_error* cv_fd_consume(grpc_wakeup_fd* fd_info) {
   gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
-  g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].is_set = 0;
+  g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].is_set = 0;
   gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
   return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
 }
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ static void cv_fd_destroy(grpc_wakeup_fd* fd_info) {
   }
   gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
   // Assert that there are no active pollers
-  GPR_ASSERT(!g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].cvs);
-  g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].next_free = g_cvfds.free_fds;
-  g_cvfds.free_fds = &g_cvfds.cvfds[FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)];
+  GPR_ASSERT(!g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].cvs);
+  g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)].next_free = g_cvfds.free_fds;
+  g_cvfds.free_fds = &g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd_info->read_fd)];
   gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.h b/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.h
index 46e84f5843..dc170ad5b4 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.h
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_posix.h"
 
-#define FD_TO_IDX(fd) (-(fd)-1)
-#define IDX_TO_FD(idx) (-(idx)-1)
+#define GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fd) (-(fd)-1)
+#define GRPC_IDX_TO_FD(idx) (-(idx)-1)
 
 typedef struct cv_node {
   gpr_cv* cv;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/security/credentials/google_default/google_default_credentials.c b/src/core/lib/security/credentials/google_default/google_default_credentials.c
index a2a8e289ee..691d66df69 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/security/credentials/google_default/google_default_credentials.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/security/credentials/google_default/google_default_credentials.c
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ static void on_compute_engine_detection_http_response(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   detector->is_done = 1;
   GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR(
       "Pollset kick",
-      grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_polling_entity_pollset(&detector->pollent), NULL));
+      grpc_pollset_kick(exec_ctx,
+                        grpc_polling_entity_pollset(&detector->pollent), NULL));
   gpr_mu_unlock(g_polling_mu);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_connector.c b/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_connector.c
index a7568b995f..2a9e939d40 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_connector.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_connector.c
@@ -455,14 +455,14 @@ grpc_server_security_connector *grpc_fake_server_security_connector_create(
 
 typedef struct {
   grpc_channel_security_connector base;
-  tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *handshaker_factory;
+  tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *client_handshaker_factory;
   char *target_name;
   char *overridden_target_name;
 } grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector;
 
 typedef struct {
   grpc_server_security_connector base;
-  tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *handshaker_factory;
+  tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *server_handshaker_factory;
 } grpc_ssl_server_security_connector;
 
 static void ssl_channel_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -470,9 +470,8 @@ static void ssl_channel_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector *c =
       (grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector *)sc;
   grpc_call_credentials_unref(exec_ctx, c->base.request_metadata_creds);
-  if (c->handshaker_factory != NULL) {
-    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy(c->handshaker_factory);
-  }
+  tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_unref(c->client_handshaker_factory);
+  c->client_handshaker_factory = NULL;
   if (c->target_name != NULL) gpr_free(c->target_name);
   if (c->overridden_target_name != NULL) gpr_free(c->overridden_target_name);
   gpr_free(sc);
@@ -482,9 +481,8 @@ static void ssl_server_destroy(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                grpc_security_connector *sc) {
   grpc_ssl_server_security_connector *c =
       (grpc_ssl_server_security_connector *)sc;
-  if (c->handshaker_factory != NULL) {
-    tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(c->handshaker_factory);
-  }
+  tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_unref(c->server_handshaker_factory);
+  c->server_handshaker_factory = NULL;
   gpr_free(sc);
 }
 
@@ -496,7 +494,7 @@ static void ssl_channel_add_handshakers(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   // Instantiate TSI handshaker.
   tsi_handshaker *tsi_hs = NULL;
   tsi_result result = tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_create_handshaker(
-      c->handshaker_factory,
+      c->client_handshaker_factory,
       c->overridden_target_name != NULL ? c->overridden_target_name
                                         : c->target_name,
       &tsi_hs);
@@ -521,7 +519,7 @@ static void ssl_server_add_handshakers(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   // Instantiate TSI handshaker.
   tsi_handshaker *tsi_hs = NULL;
   tsi_result result = tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_create_handshaker(
-      c->handshaker_factory, &tsi_hs);
+      c->server_handshaker_factory, &tsi_hs);
   if (result != TSI_OK) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Handshaker creation failed with error %s.",
             tsi_result_to_string(result));
@@ -852,7 +850,7 @@ grpc_security_status grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector_create(
   result = tsi_create_ssl_client_handshaker_factory(
       has_key_cert_pair ? &config->pem_key_cert_pair : NULL, pem_root_certs,
       ssl_cipher_suites(), alpn_protocol_strings, (uint16_t)num_alpn_protocols,
-      &c->handshaker_factory);
+      &c->client_handshaker_factory);
   if (result != TSI_OK) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Handshaker factory creation failed with %s.",
             tsi_result_to_string(result));
@@ -897,7 +895,7 @@ grpc_security_status grpc_ssl_server_security_connector_create(
       config->pem_root_certs, get_tsi_client_certificate_request_type(
                                   config->client_certificate_request),
       ssl_cipher_suites(), alpn_protocol_strings, (uint16_t)num_alpn_protocols,
-      &c->handshaker_factory);
+      &c->server_handshaker_factory);
   if (result != TSI_OK) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Handshaker factory creation failed with %s.",
             tsi_result_to_string(result));
diff --git a/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_handshaker.c b/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_handshaker.c
index ea9608f444..3d19605617 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_handshaker.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/security/transport/security_handshaker.c
@@ -128,25 +128,23 @@ static void security_handshake_failed_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, h->on_handshake_done, error);
 }
 
-static void on_peer_checked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
-                            grpc_error *error) {
-  security_handshaker *h = arg;
-  gpr_mu_lock(&h->mu);
+static void on_peer_checked_inner(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
+                                  security_handshaker *h, grpc_error *error) {
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || h->shutdown) {
     security_handshake_failed_locked(exec_ctx, h, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
-    goto done;
+    return;
   }
   // Create zero-copy frame protector, if implemented.
   tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector *zero_copy_protector = NULL;
   tsi_result result = tsi_handshaker_result_create_zero_copy_grpc_protector(
-      h->handshaker_result, NULL, &zero_copy_protector);
+      exec_ctx, h->handshaker_result, NULL, &zero_copy_protector);
   if (result != TSI_OK && result != TSI_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
     error = grpc_set_tsi_error_result(
         GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
             "Zero-copy frame protector creation failed"),
         result);
     security_handshake_failed_locked(exec_ctx, h, error);
-    goto done;
+    return;
   }
   // Create frame protector if zero-copy frame protector is NULL.
   tsi_frame_protector *protector = NULL;
@@ -158,7 +156,7 @@ static void on_peer_checked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                             "Frame protector creation failed"),
                                         result);
       security_handshake_failed_locked(exec_ctx, h, error);
-      goto done;
+      return;
     }
   }
   // Get unused bytes.
@@ -192,7 +190,13 @@ static void on_peer_checked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   // Set shutdown to true so that subsequent calls to
   // security_handshaker_shutdown() do nothing.
   h->shutdown = true;
-done:
+}
+
+static void on_peer_checked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
+                            grpc_error *error) {
+  security_handshaker *h = (security_handshaker *)arg;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&h->mu);
+  on_peer_checked_inner(exec_ctx, h, error);
   gpr_mu_unlock(&h->mu);
   security_handshaker_unref(exec_ctx, h);
 }
@@ -254,7 +258,7 @@ static grpc_error *on_handshake_next_done_locked(
 static void on_handshake_next_done_grpc_wrapper(
     tsi_result result, void *user_data, const unsigned char *bytes_to_send,
     size_t bytes_to_send_size, tsi_handshaker_result *handshaker_result) {
-  security_handshaker *h = user_data;
+  security_handshaker *h = (security_handshaker *)user_data;
   // This callback will be invoked by TSI in a non-grpc thread, so it's
   // safe to create our own exec_ctx here.
   grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
@@ -296,7 +300,7 @@ static grpc_error *do_handshaker_next_locked(
 
 static void on_handshake_data_received_from_peer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                                  void *arg, grpc_error *error) {
-  security_handshaker *h = arg;
+  security_handshaker *h = (security_handshaker *)arg;
   gpr_mu_lock(&h->mu);
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || h->shutdown) {
     security_handshake_failed_locked(
@@ -313,7 +317,8 @@ static void on_handshake_data_received_from_peer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     bytes_received_size += GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(h->args->read_buffer->slices[i]);
   }
   if (bytes_received_size > h->handshake_buffer_size) {
-    h->handshake_buffer = gpr_realloc(h->handshake_buffer, bytes_received_size);
+    h->handshake_buffer =
+        (uint8_t *)gpr_realloc(h->handshake_buffer, bytes_received_size);
     h->handshake_buffer_size = bytes_received_size;
   }
   size_t offset = 0;
@@ -338,7 +343,7 @@ static void on_handshake_data_received_from_peer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void on_handshake_data_sent_to_peer(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
                                            grpc_error *error) {
-  security_handshaker *h = arg;
+  security_handshaker *h = (security_handshaker *)arg;
   gpr_mu_lock(&h->mu);
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || h->shutdown) {
     security_handshake_failed_locked(
@@ -415,14 +420,15 @@ static const grpc_handshaker_vtable security_handshaker_vtable = {
 static grpc_handshaker *security_handshaker_create(
     grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, tsi_handshaker *handshaker,
     grpc_security_connector *connector) {
-  security_handshaker *h = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(security_handshaker));
+  security_handshaker *h =
+      (security_handshaker *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(security_handshaker));
   grpc_handshaker_init(&security_handshaker_vtable, &h->base);
   h->handshaker = handshaker;
   h->connector = GRPC_SECURITY_CONNECTOR_REF(connector, "handshake");
   gpr_mu_init(&h->mu);
   gpr_ref_init(&h->refs, 1);
   h->handshake_buffer_size = GRPC_INITIAL_HANDSHAKE_BUFFER_SIZE;
-  h->handshake_buffer = gpr_malloc(h->handshake_buffer_size);
+  h->handshake_buffer = (uint8_t *)gpr_malloc(h->handshake_buffer_size);
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&h->on_handshake_data_sent_to_peer,
                     on_handshake_data_sent_to_peer, h,
                     grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
@@ -465,7 +471,7 @@ static const grpc_handshaker_vtable fail_handshaker_vtable = {
     fail_handshaker_do_handshake};
 
 static grpc_handshaker *fail_handshaker_create() {
-  grpc_handshaker *h = gpr_malloc(sizeof(*h));
+  grpc_handshaker *h = (grpc_handshaker *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*h));
   grpc_handshaker_init(&fail_handshaker_vtable, h);
   return h;
 }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/slice/slice.c b/src/core/lib/slice/slice.c
index 321a21a10b..0764eda052 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/slice/slice.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/slice/slice.c
@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ static const grpc_slice_refcount_vtable new_with_len_vtable = {
 grpc_slice grpc_slice_new_with_len(void *p, size_t len,
                                    void (*destroy)(void *, size_t)) {
   grpc_slice slice;
-  new_with_len_slice_refcount *rc =
-      gpr_malloc(sizeof(new_with_len_slice_refcount));
+  new_with_len_slice_refcount *rc = (new_with_len_slice_refcount *)gpr_malloc(
+      sizeof(new_with_len_slice_refcount));
   gpr_ref_init(&rc->refs, 1);
   rc->rc.vtable = &new_with_len_vtable;
   rc->rc.sub_refcount = &rc->rc;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/support/log_linux.c b/src/core/lib/support/log_linux.c
index 61d2346427..7755018693 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/support/log_linux.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/support/log_linux.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void gpr_log(const char *file, int line, gpr_log_severity severity,
 }
 
 void gpr_default_log(gpr_log_func_args *args) {
-  char *final_slash;
+  const char *final_slash;
   char *prefix;
   const char *display_file;
   char time_buffer[64];
diff --git a/src/core/lib/support/string.c b/src/core/lib/support/string.c
index 523e43445b..6b172df82f 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/support/string.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/support/string.c
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ static void add_string_to_split(const char *beg, const char *end, char ***strs,
 
 void gpr_string_split(const char *input, const char *sep, char ***strs,
                       size_t *nstrs) {
-  char *next;
+  const char *next;
   *strs = NULL;
   *nstrs = 0;
   size_t capstrs = 0;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/surface/call.c b/src/core/lib/surface/call.c
index 93c512df69..03f47553a1 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/surface/call.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/surface/call.c
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ struct grpc_call {
   grpc_channel *channel;
   gpr_timespec start_time;
   /* parent_call* */ gpr_atm parent_call_atm;
-  child_call *child_call;
+  child_call *child;
 
   /* client or server call */
   bool is_client;
@@ -293,11 +293,11 @@ static void post_batch_completion(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, batch_control *bctl);
 static void add_batch_error(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, batch_control *bctl,
                             grpc_error *error, bool has_cancelled);
 
-static void add_init_error(grpc_error **composite, grpc_error *new) {
-  if (new == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return;
+static void add_init_error(grpc_error **composite, grpc_error *new_err) {
+  if (new_err == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return;
   if (*composite == GRPC_ERROR_NONE)
     *composite = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Call creation failed");
-  *composite = grpc_error_add_child(*composite, new);
+  *composite = grpc_error_add_child(*composite, new_err);
 }
 
 void *grpc_call_arena_alloc(grpc_call *call, size_t size) {
@@ -330,8 +330,9 @@ grpc_error *grpc_call_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       grpc_channel_get_channel_stack(args->channel);
   grpc_call *call;
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_call_create", 0);
-  gpr_arena *arena =
-      gpr_arena_create(grpc_channel_get_call_size_estimate(args->channel));
+  size_t initial_size = grpc_channel_get_call_size_estimate(args->channel);
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_CALL_INITIAL_SIZE(exec_ctx, initial_size);
+  gpr_arena *arena = gpr_arena_create(initial_size);
   call = (grpc_call *)gpr_arena_alloc(
       arena, sizeof(grpc_call) + channel_stack->call_stack_size);
   gpr_ref_init(&call->ext_ref, 1);
@@ -377,24 +378,24 @@ grpc_error *grpc_call_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
   bool immediately_cancel = false;
 
-  if (args->parent_call != NULL) {
-    child_call *cc = call->child_call =
-        gpr_arena_alloc(arena, sizeof(child_call));
-    call->child_call->parent = args->parent_call;
+  if (args->parent != NULL) {
+    child_call *cc = call->child =
+        (child_call *)gpr_arena_alloc(arena, sizeof(child_call));
+    call->child->parent = args->parent;
 
-    GRPC_CALL_INTERNAL_REF(args->parent_call, "child");
+    GRPC_CALL_INTERNAL_REF(args->parent, "child");
     GPR_ASSERT(call->is_client);
-    GPR_ASSERT(!args->parent_call->is_client);
+    GPR_ASSERT(!args->parent->is_client);
 
-    parent_call *pc = get_or_create_parent_call(args->parent_call);
+    parent_call *pc = get_or_create_parent_call(args->parent);
 
     gpr_mu_lock(&pc->child_list_mu);
 
     if (args->propagation_mask & GRPC_PROPAGATE_DEADLINE) {
       send_deadline = gpr_time_min(
           gpr_convert_clock_type(send_deadline,
-                                 args->parent_call->send_deadline.clock_type),
-          args->parent_call->send_deadline);
+                                 args->parent->send_deadline.clock_type),
+          args->parent->send_deadline);
     }
     /* for now GRPC_PROPAGATE_TRACING_CONTEXT *MUST* be passed with
      * GRPC_PROPAGATE_STATS_CONTEXT */
@@ -406,9 +407,9 @@ grpc_error *grpc_call_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                    "Census tracing propagation requested "
                                    "without Census context propagation"));
       }
-      grpc_call_context_set(
-          call, GRPC_CONTEXT_TRACING,
-          args->parent_call->context[GRPC_CONTEXT_TRACING].value, NULL);
+      grpc_call_context_set(call, GRPC_CONTEXT_TRACING,
+                            args->parent->context[GRPC_CONTEXT_TRACING].value,
+                            NULL);
     } else if (args->propagation_mask & GRPC_PROPAGATE_CENSUS_STATS_CONTEXT) {
       add_init_error(&error, GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
                                  "Census context propagation requested "
@@ -416,7 +417,7 @@ grpc_error *grpc_call_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     }
     if (args->propagation_mask & GRPC_PROPAGATE_CANCELLATION) {
       call->cancellation_is_inherited = 1;
-      if (gpr_atm_acq_load(&args->parent_call->received_final_op_atm)) {
+      if (gpr_atm_acq_load(&args->parent->received_final_op_atm)) {
         immediately_cancel = true;
       }
     }
@@ -426,9 +427,9 @@ grpc_error *grpc_call_create(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       cc->sibling_next = cc->sibling_prev = call;
     } else {
       cc->sibling_next = pc->first_child;
-      cc->sibling_prev = pc->first_child->child_call->sibling_prev;
-      cc->sibling_next->child_call->sibling_prev =
-          cc->sibling_prev->child_call->sibling_next = call;
+      cc->sibling_prev = pc->first_child->child->sibling_prev;
+      cc->sibling_next->child->sibling_prev =
+          cc->sibling_prev->child->sibling_next = call;
     }
 
     gpr_mu_unlock(&pc->child_list_mu);
@@ -549,7 +550,7 @@ static void destroy_call(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *call,
     GRPC_CQ_INTERNAL_UNREF(exec_ctx, c->cq, "bind");
   }
 
-  get_final_status(call, set_status_value_directly, &c->final_info.final_status,
+  get_final_status(c, set_status_value_directly, &c->final_info.final_status,
                    NULL);
   c->final_info.stats.latency =
       gpr_time_sub(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC), c->start_time);
@@ -570,7 +571,7 @@ void grpc_call_ref(grpc_call *c) { gpr_ref(&c->ext_ref); }
 void grpc_call_unref(grpc_call *c) {
   if (!gpr_unref(&c->ext_ref)) return;
 
-  child_call *cc = c->child_call;
+  child_call *cc = c->child;
   grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_call_unref", 0);
@@ -585,8 +586,8 @@ void grpc_call_unref(grpc_call *c) {
         pc->first_child = NULL;
       }
     }
-    cc->sibling_prev->child_call->sibling_next = cc->sibling_next;
-    cc->sibling_next->child_call->sibling_prev = cc->sibling_prev;
+    cc->sibling_prev->child->sibling_next = cc->sibling_next;
+    cc->sibling_next->child->sibling_prev = cc->sibling_prev;
     gpr_mu_unlock(&pc->child_list_mu);
     GRPC_CALL_INTERNAL_UNREF(&exec_ctx, cc->parent, "child");
   }
@@ -1316,7 +1317,7 @@ static void post_batch_completion(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       child = pc->first_child;
       if (child != NULL) {
         do {
-          next_child_call = child->child_call->sibling_next;
+          next_child_call = child->child->sibling_next;
           if (child->cancellation_is_inherited) {
             GRPC_CALL_INTERNAL_REF(child, "propagate_cancel");
             cancel_with_error(exec_ctx, child, STATUS_FROM_API_OVERRIDE,
@@ -1345,7 +1346,8 @@ static void post_batch_completion(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   if (bctl->completion_data.notify_tag.is_closure) {
     /* unrefs bctl->error */
     bctl->call = NULL;
-    GRPC_CLOSURE_RUN(exec_ctx, bctl->completion_data.notify_tag.tag, error);
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_RUN(
+        exec_ctx, (grpc_closure *)bctl->completion_data.notify_tag.tag, error);
     GRPC_CALL_INTERNAL_UNREF(exec_ctx, call, "completion");
   } else {
     /* unrefs bctl->error */
@@ -1474,7 +1476,7 @@ static void receiving_stream_ready(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *bctlp,
    * acq_load is in receiving_initial_metadata_ready() */
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || call->receiving_stream == NULL ||
       !gpr_atm_rel_cas(&call->recv_state, RECV_NONE, (gpr_atm)bctlp)) {
-    process_data_after_md(exec_ctx, bctlp);
+    process_data_after_md(exec_ctx, bctl);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1510,7 +1512,7 @@ static void validate_filtered_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     } else if (grpc_compression_options_is_stream_compression_algorithm_enabled(
                    &compression_options, algo) == 0) {
       /* check if algorithm is supported by current channel config */
-      char *algo_name = NULL;
+      const char *algo_name = NULL;
       grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name(algo, &algo_name);
       gpr_asprintf(&error_msg, "Stream compression algorithm '%s' is disabled.",
                    algo_name);
@@ -1524,7 +1526,7 @@ static void validate_filtered_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     if (!GPR_BITGET(call->stream_encodings_accepted_by_peer,
                     call->incoming_stream_compression_algorithm)) {
       if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_compression_trace)) {
-        char *algo_name = NULL;
+        const char *algo_name = NULL;
         grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name(
             call->incoming_stream_compression_algorithm, &algo_name);
         gpr_log(
@@ -1551,7 +1553,7 @@ static void validate_filtered_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     } else if (grpc_compression_options_is_algorithm_enabled(
                    &compression_options, algo) == 0) {
       /* check if algorithm is supported by current channel config */
-      char *algo_name = NULL;
+      const char *algo_name = NULL;
       grpc_compression_algorithm_name(algo, &algo_name);
       gpr_asprintf(&error_msg, "Compression algorithm '%s' is disabled.",
                    algo_name);
@@ -1567,7 +1569,7 @@ static void validate_filtered_metadata(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     if (!GPR_BITGET(call->encodings_accepted_by_peer,
                     call->incoming_compression_algorithm)) {
       if (GRPC_TRACER_ON(grpc_compression_trace)) {
-        char *algo_name = NULL;
+        const char *algo_name = NULL;
         grpc_compression_algorithm_name(call->incoming_compression_algorithm,
                                         &algo_name);
         gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
@@ -1672,6 +1674,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   batch_control *bctl;
   int num_completion_callbacks_needed = 1;
   grpc_call_error error = GRPC_CALL_OK;
+  grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *stream_op;
+  grpc_transport_stream_op_batch_payload *stream_op_payload;
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_call_start_batch", 0);
   GRPC_CALL_LOG_BATCH(GPR_INFO, call, ops, nops, notify_tag);
@@ -1679,11 +1683,12 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   if (nops == 0) {
     if (!is_notify_tag_closure) {
       GPR_ASSERT(grpc_cq_begin_op(call->cq, notify_tag));
-      grpc_cq_end_op(exec_ctx, call->cq, notify_tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE,
-                     free_no_op_completion, NULL,
-                     gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_cq_completion)));
+      grpc_cq_end_op(
+          exec_ctx, call->cq, notify_tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE,
+          free_no_op_completion, NULL,
+          (grpc_cq_completion *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_cq_completion)));
     } else {
-      GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, notify_tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+      GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, (grpc_closure *)notify_tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
     }
     error = GRPC_CALL_OK;
     goto done;
@@ -1697,9 +1702,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   bctl->completion_data.notify_tag.is_closure =
       (uint8_t)(is_notify_tag_closure != 0);
 
-  grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *stream_op = &bctl->op;
-  grpc_transport_stream_op_batch_payload *stream_op_payload =
-      &call->stream_op_payload;
+  stream_op = &bctl->op;
+  stream_op_payload = &call->stream_op_payload;
 
   /* rewrite batch ops into a transport op */
   for (i = 0; i < nops; i++) {
@@ -1709,7 +1713,7 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       goto done_with_error;
     }
     switch (op->op) {
-      case GRPC_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA:
+      case GRPC_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (!are_initial_metadata_flags_valid(op->flags, call->is_client)) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -1803,7 +1807,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
               &call->peer_string;
         }
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_SEND_MESSAGE:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_SEND_MESSAGE: {
         if (!are_write_flags_valid(op->flags)) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
           goto done_with_error;
@@ -1832,7 +1837,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         stream_op_payload->send_message.send_message =
             &call->sending_stream.base;
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (op->flags != 0) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -1851,7 +1857,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         stream_op_payload->send_trailing_metadata.send_trailing_metadata =
             &call->metadata_batch[0 /* is_receiving */][1 /* is_trailing */];
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (op->flags != 0) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -1913,7 +1920,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         stream_op_payload->send_trailing_metadata.send_trailing_metadata =
             &call->metadata_batch[0 /* is_receiving */][1 /* is_trailing */];
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (op->flags != 0) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -1940,7 +1948,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         }
         num_completion_callbacks_needed++;
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_RECV_MESSAGE:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_RECV_MESSAGE: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (op->flags != 0) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -1961,7 +1970,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
             &call->receiving_stream_ready;
         num_completion_callbacks_needed++;
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (op->flags != 0) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -1988,7 +1998,8 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         stream_op_payload->collect_stats.collect_stats =
             &call->final_info.stats.transport_stream_stats;
         break;
-      case GRPC_OP_RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER:
+      }
+      case GRPC_OP_RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER: {
         /* Flag validation: currently allow no flags */
         if (op->flags != 0) {
           error = GRPC_CALL_ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS;
@@ -2012,6 +2023,7 @@ static grpc_call_error call_start_batch(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         stream_op_payload->collect_stats.collect_stats =
             &call->final_info.stats.transport_stream_stats;
         break;
+      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/core/lib/surface/call.h b/src/core/lib/surface/call.h
index d537637cbb..c680139cf6 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/surface/call.h
+++ b/src/core/lib/surface/call.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ typedef void (*grpc_ioreq_completion_func)(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 typedef struct grpc_call_create_args {
   grpc_channel *channel;
 
-  grpc_call *parent_call;
+  grpc_call *parent;
   uint32_t propagation_mask;
 
   grpc_completion_queue *cq;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/surface/channel.c b/src/core/lib/surface/channel.c
index 34548dac26..48962e5e45 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/surface/channel.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/surface/channel.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/support/string.h"
@@ -77,6 +78,11 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_channel_create_with_builder(
   grpc_channel_args *args = grpc_channel_args_copy(
       grpc_channel_stack_builder_get_channel_arguments(builder));
   grpc_channel *channel;
+  if (channel_stack_type == GRPC_SERVER_CHANNEL) {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CHANNELS_CREATED(exec_ctx);
+  } else {
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_CLIENT_CHANNELS_CREATED(exec_ctx);
+  }
   grpc_error *error = grpc_channel_stack_builder_finish(
       exec_ctx, builder, sizeof(grpc_channel), 1, destroy_channel, NULL,
       (void **)&channel);
@@ -276,7 +282,7 @@ static grpc_call *grpc_channel_create_call_internal(
   grpc_call_create_args args;
   memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
   args.channel = channel;
-  args.parent_call = parent_call;
+  args.parent = parent_call;
   args.propagation_mask = propagation_mask;
   args.cq = cq;
   args.pollset_set_alternative = pollset_set_alternative;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/surface/completion_queue.c b/src/core/lib/surface/completion_queue.c
index 4726503994..fed66e3a20 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/surface/completion_queue.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/surface/completion_queue.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 #include <grpc/support/time.h>
 
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/pollset.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/timer.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/profiling/timers.h"
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ typedef struct {
   bool can_listen;
   size_t (*size)(void);
   void (*init)(grpc_pollset *pollset, gpr_mu **mu);
-  grpc_error *(*kick)(grpc_pollset *pollset,
+  grpc_error *(*kick)(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                       grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker);
   grpc_error *(*work)(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
                       grpc_pollset_worker **worker, gpr_timespec now,
@@ -130,7 +131,8 @@ static grpc_error *non_polling_poller_work(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 }
 
 static grpc_error *non_polling_poller_kick(
-    grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_pollset *pollset,
+    grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
   non_polling_poller *p = (non_polling_poller *)pollset;
   if (specific_worker == NULL) specific_worker = (grpc_pollset_worker *)p->root;
   if (specific_worker != NULL) {
@@ -327,25 +329,12 @@ static void cq_destroy_pluck(void *data);
 /* Completion queue vtables based on the completion-type */
 static const cq_vtable g_cq_vtable[] = {
     /* GRPC_CQ_NEXT */
-    {.data_size = sizeof(cq_next_data),
-     .cq_completion_type = GRPC_CQ_NEXT,
-     .init = cq_init_next,
-     .shutdown = cq_shutdown_next,
-     .destroy = cq_destroy_next,
-     .begin_op = cq_begin_op_for_next,
-     .end_op = cq_end_op_for_next,
-     .next = cq_next,
-     .pluck = NULL},
+    {GRPC_CQ_NEXT, sizeof(cq_next_data), cq_init_next, cq_shutdown_next,
+     cq_destroy_next, cq_begin_op_for_next, cq_end_op_for_next, cq_next, NULL},
     /* GRPC_CQ_PLUCK */
-    {.data_size = sizeof(cq_pluck_data),
-     .cq_completion_type = GRPC_CQ_PLUCK,
-     .init = cq_init_pluck,
-     .shutdown = cq_shutdown_pluck,
-     .destroy = cq_destroy_pluck,
-     .begin_op = cq_begin_op_for_pluck,
-     .end_op = cq_end_op_for_pluck,
-     .next = NULL,
-     .pluck = cq_pluck},
+    {GRPC_CQ_PLUCK, sizeof(cq_pluck_data), cq_init_pluck, cq_shutdown_pluck,
+     cq_destroy_pluck, cq_begin_op_for_pluck, cq_end_op_for_pluck, NULL,
+     cq_pluck},
 };
 
 #define DATA_FROM_CQ(cq) ((void *)(cq + 1))
@@ -420,6 +409,10 @@ grpc_completion_queue *grpc_completion_queue_create_internal(
   const cq_poller_vtable *poller_vtable =
       &g_poller_vtable_by_poller_type[polling_type];
 
+  grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_CQS_CREATED(&exec_ctx);
+  grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
+
   cq = (grpc_completion_queue *)gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_completion_queue) +
                                            vtable->data_size +
                                            poller_vtable->size());
@@ -560,13 +553,13 @@ static void cq_check_tag(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag, bool lock_cq) {}
  * true if the increment was successful; false if the counter is zero */
 static bool atm_inc_if_nonzero(gpr_atm *counter) {
   while (true) {
-    gpr_atm count = gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(counter);
+    gpr_atm count = gpr_atm_acq_load(counter);
     /* If zero, we are done. If not, we must to a CAS (instead of an atomic
      * increment) to maintain the contract: do not increment the counter if it
      * is zero. */
     if (count == 0) {
       return false;
-    } else if (gpr_atm_no_barrier_cas(counter, count, count + 1)) {
+    } else if (gpr_atm_full_cas(counter, count, count + 1)) {
       break;
     }
   }
@@ -575,12 +568,12 @@ static bool atm_inc_if_nonzero(gpr_atm *counter) {
 }
 
 static bool cq_begin_op_for_next(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag) {
-  cq_next_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_next_data *cqd = (cq_next_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   return atm_inc_if_nonzero(&cqd->pending_events);
 }
 
 static bool cq_begin_op_for_pluck(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag) {
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   return atm_inc_if_nonzero(&cqd->pending_events);
 }
 
@@ -625,7 +618,7 @@ static void cq_end_op_for_next(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     }
   }
 
-  cq_next_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_next_data *cqd = (cq_next_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   int is_success = (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
 
   storage->tag = tag;
@@ -638,15 +631,19 @@ static void cq_end_op_for_next(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   /* Add the completion to the queue */
   bool is_first = cq_event_queue_push(&cqd->queue, storage);
   gpr_atm_no_barrier_fetch_add(&cqd->things_queued_ever, 1);
-  bool will_definitely_shutdown =
-      gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&cqd->pending_events) == 1;
+
+  /* Since we do not hold the cq lock here, it is important to do an 'acquire'
+     load here (instead of a 'no_barrier' load) to match with the release store
+     (done via gpr_atm_full_fetch_add(pending_events, -1)) in cq_shutdown_next
+     */
+  bool will_definitely_shutdown = gpr_atm_acq_load(&cqd->pending_events) == 1;
 
   if (!will_definitely_shutdown) {
     /* Only kick if this is the first item queued */
     if (is_first) {
       gpr_mu_lock(cq->mu);
       grpc_error *kick_error =
-          cq->poller_vtable->kick(POLLSET_FROM_CQ(cq), NULL);
+          cq->poller_vtable->kick(exec_ctx, POLLSET_FROM_CQ(cq), NULL);
       gpr_mu_unlock(cq->mu);
 
       if (kick_error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
@@ -686,7 +683,7 @@ static void cq_end_op_for_pluck(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                              void *done_arg,
                                              grpc_cq_completion *storage),
                                 void *done_arg, grpc_cq_completion *storage) {
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   int is_success = (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("cq_end_op_for_pluck", 0);
@@ -732,7 +729,7 @@ static void cq_end_op_for_pluck(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     }
 
     grpc_error *kick_error =
-        cq->poller_vtable->kick(POLLSET_FROM_CQ(cq), pluck_worker);
+        cq->poller_vtable->kick(exec_ctx, POLLSET_FROM_CQ(cq), pluck_worker);
 
     gpr_mu_unlock(cq->mu);
 
@@ -769,7 +766,7 @@ typedef struct {
 static bool cq_is_next_finished(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg) {
   cq_is_finished_arg *a = (cq_is_finished_arg *)arg;
   grpc_completion_queue *cq = a->cq;
-  cq_next_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_next_data *cqd = (cq_next_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   GPR_ASSERT(a->stolen_completion == NULL);
 
   gpr_atm current_last_seen_things_queued_ever =
@@ -820,7 +817,7 @@ static grpc_event cq_next(grpc_completion_queue *cq, gpr_timespec deadline,
                           void *reserved) {
   grpc_event ret;
   gpr_timespec now;
-  cq_next_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_next_data *cqd = (cq_next_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_completion_queue_next", 0);
 
@@ -883,7 +880,7 @@ static grpc_event cq_next(grpc_completion_queue *cq, gpr_timespec deadline,
       }
     }
 
-    if (gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&cqd->pending_events) == 0) {
+    if (gpr_atm_acq_load(&cqd->pending_events) == 0) {
       /* Before returning, check if the queue has any items left over (since
          gpr_mpscq_pop() can sometimes return NULL even if the queue is not
          empty. If so, keep retrying but do not return GRPC_QUEUE_SHUTDOWN */
@@ -929,9 +926,9 @@ static grpc_event cq_next(grpc_completion_queue *cq, gpr_timespec deadline,
   }
 
   if (cq_event_queue_num_items(&cqd->queue) > 0 &&
-      gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&cqd->pending_events) > 0) {
+      gpr_atm_acq_load(&cqd->pending_events) > 0) {
     gpr_mu_lock(cq->mu);
-    cq->poller_vtable->kick(POLLSET_FROM_CQ(cq), NULL);
+    cq->poller_vtable->kick(&exec_ctx, POLLSET_FROM_CQ(cq), NULL);
     gpr_mu_unlock(cq->mu);
   }
 
@@ -953,7 +950,7 @@ static grpc_event cq_next(grpc_completion_queue *cq, gpr_timespec deadline,
    this function */
 static void cq_finish_shutdown_next(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                     grpc_completion_queue *cq) {
-  cq_next_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_next_data *cqd = (cq_next_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   GPR_ASSERT(cqd->shutdown_called);
   GPR_ASSERT(gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&cqd->pending_events) == 0);
@@ -964,7 +961,7 @@ static void cq_finish_shutdown_next(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 
 static void cq_shutdown_next(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                              grpc_completion_queue *cq) {
-  cq_next_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_next_data *cqd = (cq_next_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   /* Need an extra ref for cq here because:
    * We call cq_finish_shutdown_next() below, that would call pollset shutdown.
@@ -980,6 +977,9 @@ static void cq_shutdown_next(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
     return;
   }
   cqd->shutdown_called = true;
+  /* Doing a full_fetch_add (i.e acq/release) here to match with
+   * cq_begin_op_for_next and and cq_end_op_for_next functions which read/write
+   * on this counter without necessarily holding a lock on cq */
   if (gpr_atm_full_fetch_add(&cqd->pending_events, -1) == 1) {
     cq_finish_shutdown_next(exec_ctx, cq);
   }
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ grpc_event grpc_completion_queue_next(grpc_completion_queue *cq,
 
 static int add_plucker(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag,
                        grpc_pollset_worker **worker) {
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   if (cqd->num_pluckers == GRPC_MAX_COMPLETION_QUEUE_PLUCKERS) {
     return 0;
   }
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ static int add_plucker(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag,
 
 static void del_plucker(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag,
                         grpc_pollset_worker **worker) {
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
   for (int i = 0; i < cqd->num_pluckers; i++) {
     if (cqd->pluckers[i].tag == tag && cqd->pluckers[i].worker == worker) {
       cqd->num_pluckers--;
@@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@ static void del_plucker(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag,
 static bool cq_is_pluck_finished(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg) {
   cq_is_finished_arg *a = (cq_is_finished_arg *)arg;
   grpc_completion_queue *cq = a->cq;
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   GPR_ASSERT(a->stolen_completion == NULL);
   gpr_atm current_last_seen_things_queued_ever =
@@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@ static grpc_event cq_pluck(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag,
   grpc_cq_completion *prev;
   grpc_pollset_worker *worker = NULL;
   gpr_timespec now;
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   GPR_TIMER_BEGIN("grpc_completion_queue_pluck", 0);
 
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ grpc_event grpc_completion_queue_pluck(grpc_completion_queue *cq, void *tag,
 
 static void cq_finish_shutdown_pluck(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                      grpc_completion_queue *cq) {
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   GPR_ASSERT(cqd->shutdown_called);
   GPR_ASSERT(!gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&cqd->shutdown));
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ static void cq_finish_shutdown_pluck(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
  * merging them is a bit tricky and probably not worth it */
 static void cq_shutdown_pluck(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                               grpc_completion_queue *cq) {
-  cq_pluck_data *cqd = DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
+  cq_pluck_data *cqd = (cq_pluck_data *)DATA_FROM_CQ(cq);
 
   /* Need an extra ref for cq here because:
    * We call cq_finish_shutdown_pluck() below, that would call pollset shutdown.
diff --git a/src/core/lib/surface/init.c b/src/core/lib/surface/init.c
index 280315036f..b089da2c54 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/surface/init.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/surface/init.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/resource_quota.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/timer_manager.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/profiling/timers.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/surface/alarm_internal.h"
@@ -179,14 +180,16 @@ void grpc_shutdown(void) {
       GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INITIALIZER(0, grpc_never_ready_to_finish, NULL);
   gpr_mu_lock(&g_init_mu);
   if (--g_initializations == 0) {
-    grpc_iomgr_shutdown(&exec_ctx);
-    gpr_timers_global_destroy();
-    grpc_tracer_shutdown();
+    grpc_executor_shutdown(&exec_ctx);
+    grpc_timer_manager_set_threading(false);  // shutdown timer_manager thread
     for (i = g_number_of_plugins; i >= 0; i--) {
       if (g_all_of_the_plugins[i].destroy != NULL) {
         g_all_of_the_plugins[i].destroy();
       }
     }
+    grpc_iomgr_shutdown(&exec_ctx);
+    gpr_timers_global_destroy();
+    grpc_tracer_shutdown();
     grpc_mdctx_global_shutdown(&exec_ctx);
     grpc_handshaker_factory_registry_shutdown(&exec_ctx);
     grpc_slice_intern_shutdown();
diff --git a/src/core/lib/surface/server.c b/src/core/lib/surface/server.c
index a8eb1b0425..1d0fd472d0 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/surface/server.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/surface/server.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ typedef struct requested_call {
       grpc_call_details *details;
     } batch;
     struct {
-      registered_method *registered_method;
+      registered_method *method;
       gpr_timespec *deadline;
       grpc_byte_buffer **optional_payload;
     } registered;
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ struct call_data {
   uint32_t recv_initial_metadata_flags;
   grpc_metadata_array initial_metadata;
 
-  request_matcher *request_matcher;
+  request_matcher *matcher;
   grpc_byte_buffer *payload;
 
   grpc_closure got_initial_metadata;
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ struct registered_method {
   grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling payload_handling;
   uint32_t flags;
   /* one request matcher per method */
-  request_matcher request_matcher;
+  request_matcher matcher;
   registered_method *next;
 };
 
@@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ static void request_matcher_destroy(request_matcher *rm) {
 
 static void kill_zombie(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *elem,
                         grpc_error *error) {
-  grpc_call_unref(grpc_call_from_top_element(elem));
+  grpc_call_unref(grpc_call_from_top_element((grpc_call_element *)elem));
 }
 
 static void request_matcher_zombify_all_pending_calls(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
@@ -386,7 +387,7 @@ static void server_delete(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_server *server) {
   while ((rm = server->registered_methods) != NULL) {
     server->registered_methods = rm->next;
     if (server->started) {
-      request_matcher_destroy(&rm->request_matcher);
+      request_matcher_destroy(&rm->matcher);
     }
     gpr_free(rm->method);
     gpr_free(rm->host);
@@ -518,7 +519,7 @@ static void publish_new_rpc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   grpc_call_element *call_elem = (grpc_call_element *)arg;
   call_data *calld = (call_data *)call_elem->call_data;
   channel_data *chand = (channel_data *)call_elem->channel_data;
-  request_matcher *rm = calld->request_matcher;
+  request_matcher *rm = calld->matcher;
   grpc_server *server = rm->server;
 
   if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || gpr_atm_acq_load(&server->shutdown_flag)) {
@@ -540,6 +541,7 @@ static void publish_new_rpc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
     if (request_id == -1) {
       continue;
     } else {
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED(exec_ctx, i);
       gpr_mu_lock(&calld->mu_state);
       calld->state = ACTIVATED;
       gpr_mu_unlock(&calld->mu_state);
@@ -550,6 +552,7 @@ static void publish_new_rpc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *arg,
   }
 
   /* no cq to take the request found: queue it on the slow list */
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_SLOWPATH_REQUESTS_QUEUED(exec_ctx);
   gpr_mu_lock(&server->mu_call);
   gpr_mu_lock(&calld->mu_state);
   calld->state = PENDING;
@@ -580,7 +583,7 @@ static void finish_start_new_rpc(
     return;
   }
 
-  calld->request_matcher = rm;
+  calld->matcher = rm;
 
   switch (payload_handling) {
     case GRPC_SRM_PAYLOAD_NONE:
@@ -626,7 +629,7 @@ static void start_new_rpc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_call_element *elem) {
         continue;
       }
       finish_start_new_rpc(exec_ctx, server, elem,
-                           &rm->server_registered_method->request_matcher,
+                           &rm->server_registered_method->matcher,
                            rm->server_registered_method->payload_handling);
       return;
     }
@@ -644,7 +647,7 @@ static void start_new_rpc(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, grpc_call_element *elem) {
         continue;
       }
       finish_start_new_rpc(exec_ctx, server, elem,
-                           &rm->server_registered_method->request_matcher,
+                           &rm->server_registered_method->matcher,
                            rm->server_registered_method->payload_handling);
       return;
     }
@@ -665,7 +668,7 @@ static int num_listeners(grpc_server *server) {
 
 static void done_shutdown_event(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *server,
                                 grpc_cq_completion *completion) {
-  server_unref(exec_ctx, server);
+  server_unref(exec_ctx, (grpc_server *)server);
 }
 
 static int num_channels(grpc_server *server) {
@@ -688,9 +691,9 @@ static void kill_pending_work_locked(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
         exec_ctx, &server->unregistered_request_matcher);
     for (registered_method *rm = server->registered_methods; rm;
          rm = rm->next) {
-      request_matcher_kill_requests(exec_ctx, server, &rm->request_matcher,
+      request_matcher_kill_requests(exec_ctx, server, &rm->matcher,
                                     GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
-      request_matcher_zombify_all_pending_calls(exec_ctx, &rm->request_matcher);
+      request_matcher_zombify_all_pending_calls(exec_ctx, &rm->matcher);
     }
   }
   GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
@@ -1111,15 +1114,17 @@ void grpc_server_start(grpc_server *server) {
   request_matcher_init(&server->unregistered_request_matcher,
                        (size_t)server->max_requested_calls_per_cq, server);
   for (registered_method *rm = server->registered_methods; rm; rm = rm->next) {
-    request_matcher_init(&rm->request_matcher,
+    request_matcher_init(&rm->matcher,
                          (size_t)server->max_requested_calls_per_cq, server);
   }
 
   server_ref(server);
   server->starting = true;
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(&exec_ctx, GRPC_CLOSURE_CREATE(start_listeners, server,
-                                                    grpc_executor_scheduler),
-                     GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(
+      &exec_ctx,
+      GRPC_CLOSURE_CREATE(start_listeners, server,
+                          grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT)),
+      GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
 
   grpc_exec_ctx_finish(&exec_ctx);
 }
@@ -1262,8 +1267,9 @@ void grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(grpc_server *server,
   /* stay locked, and gather up some stuff to do */
   GPR_ASSERT(grpc_cq_begin_op(cq, tag));
   if (server->shutdown_published) {
-    grpc_cq_end_op(&exec_ctx, cq, tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE, done_published_shutdown,
-                   NULL, gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_cq_completion)));
+    grpc_cq_end_op(
+        &exec_ctx, cq, tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE, done_published_shutdown, NULL,
+        (grpc_cq_completion *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_cq_completion)));
     gpr_mu_unlock(&server->mu_global);
     goto done;
   }
@@ -1385,7 +1391,7 @@ static grpc_call_error queue_call_request(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
       rm = &server->unregistered_request_matcher;
       break;
     case REGISTERED_CALL:
-      rm = &rc->data.registered.registered_method->request_matcher;
+      rm = &rc->data.registered.method->matcher;
       break;
   }
   server->requested_calls_per_cq[cq_idx][request_id] = *rc;
@@ -1430,6 +1436,7 @@ grpc_call_error grpc_server_request_call(
   grpc_call_error error;
   grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
   requested_call *rc = (requested_call *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*rc));
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS(&exec_ctx);
   GRPC_API_TRACE(
       "grpc_server_request_call("
       "server=%p, call=%p, details=%p, initial_metadata=%p, "
@@ -1476,6 +1483,7 @@ grpc_call_error grpc_server_request_registered_call(
   grpc_exec_ctx exec_ctx = GRPC_EXEC_CTX_INIT;
   requested_call *rc = (requested_call *)gpr_malloc(sizeof(*rc));
   registered_method *rm = (registered_method *)rmp;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS(&exec_ctx);
   GRPC_API_TRACE(
       "grpc_server_request_registered_call("
       "server=%p, rmp=%p, call=%p, deadline=%p, initial_metadata=%p, "
@@ -1512,7 +1520,7 @@ grpc_call_error grpc_server_request_registered_call(
   rc->tag = tag;
   rc->cq_bound_to_call = cq_bound_to_call;
   rc->call = call;
-  rc->data.registered.registered_method = rm;
+  rc->data.registered.method = rm;
   rc->data.registered.deadline = deadline;
   rc->initial_metadata = initial_metadata;
   rc->data.registered.optional_payload = optional_payload;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/transport/metadata_batch.c b/src/core/lib/transport/metadata_batch.c
index a077052561..54388bdcda 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/transport/metadata_batch.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/transport/metadata_batch.c
@@ -233,32 +233,32 @@ void grpc_metadata_batch_remove(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
 void grpc_metadata_batch_set_value(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                    grpc_linked_mdelem *storage,
                                    grpc_slice value) {
-  grpc_mdelem old = storage->md;
-  grpc_mdelem new = grpc_mdelem_from_slices(
-      exec_ctx, grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDKEY(old)), value);
-  storage->md = new;
-  GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(exec_ctx, old);
+  grpc_mdelem old_mdelem = storage->md;
+  grpc_mdelem new_mdelem = grpc_mdelem_from_slices(
+      exec_ctx, grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDKEY(old_mdelem)), value);
+  storage->md = new_mdelem;
+  GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(exec_ctx, old_mdelem);
 }
 
 grpc_error *grpc_metadata_batch_substitute(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
                                            grpc_metadata_batch *batch,
                                            grpc_linked_mdelem *storage,
-                                           grpc_mdelem new) {
+                                           grpc_mdelem new_mdelem) {
   assert_valid_callouts(exec_ctx, batch);
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
-  grpc_mdelem old = storage->md;
-  if (!grpc_slice_eq(GRPC_MDKEY(new), GRPC_MDKEY(old))) {
+  grpc_mdelem old_mdelem = storage->md;
+  if (!grpc_slice_eq(GRPC_MDKEY(new_mdelem), GRPC_MDKEY(old_mdelem))) {
     maybe_unlink_callout(batch, storage);
-    storage->md = new;
+    storage->md = new_mdelem;
     error = maybe_link_callout(batch, storage);
     if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
       unlink_storage(&batch->list, storage);
       GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(exec_ctx, storage->md);
     }
   } else {
-    storage->md = new;
+    storage->md = new_mdelem;
   }
-  GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(exec_ctx, old);
+  GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(exec_ctx, old_mdelem);
   assert_valid_callouts(exec_ctx, batch);
   return error;
 }
@@ -302,12 +302,12 @@ grpc_error *grpc_metadata_batch_filter(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
   grpc_error *error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
   while (l) {
     grpc_linked_mdelem *next = l->next;
-    grpc_filtered_mdelem new = func(exec_ctx, user_data, l->md);
-    add_error(&error, new.error, composite_error_string);
-    if (GRPC_MDISNULL(new.md)) {
+    grpc_filtered_mdelem new_mdelem = func(exec_ctx, user_data, l->md);
+    add_error(&error, new_mdelem.error, composite_error_string);
+    if (GRPC_MDISNULL(new_mdelem.md)) {
       grpc_metadata_batch_remove(exec_ctx, batch, l);
-    } else if (new.md.payload != l->md.payload) {
-      grpc_metadata_batch_substitute(exec_ctx, batch, l, new.md);
+    } else if (new_mdelem.md.payload != l->md.payload) {
+      grpc_metadata_batch_substitute(exec_ctx, batch, l, new_mdelem.md);
     }
     l = next;
   }
diff --git a/src/core/lib/transport/static_metadata.c b/src/core/lib/transport/static_metadata.c
index b20d94aeac..472cf888ea 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/transport/static_metadata.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/transport/static_metadata.c
@@ -216,206 +216,106 @@ grpc_slice_refcount grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[GRPC_STATIC_MDSTR_COUNT] = {
 };
 
 const grpc_slice grpc_static_slice_table[GRPC_STATIC_MDSTR_COUNT] = {
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[0],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 0, 5}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 5, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[3],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 19, 10}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 29, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[5],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 36, 2}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[6],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 38, 12}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 50, 11}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[8],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 61, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 77, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[11],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 110, 21}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[12],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 131, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[13],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 144, 14}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[14],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 158, 12}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 170, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 186, 15}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[17],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 201, 30}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[18],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 231, 37}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[19],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 268, 10}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[20],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 278, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[21],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 282, 8}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[22],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 290, 12}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[24],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 19}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[25],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 321, 12}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[26],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 333, 30}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[27],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 363, 31}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[28],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 394, 36}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[29],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 430, 1}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[30],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 431, 1}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[31],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 432, 1}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 433, 8}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 441, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[34],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 445, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[35],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 452, 8}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[36],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 460, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[37],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 476, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[38],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 480, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[39],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 483, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[40],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 486, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[41],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 490, 5}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[42],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 495, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[43],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 499, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[44],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 502, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[45],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 505, 1}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[46],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 506, 11}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[47],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 517, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[48],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 520, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[49],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 523, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[50],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 526, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[51],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 529, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[52],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 532, 14}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[53],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 546, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[54],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 559, 15}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[55],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 574, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[56],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 587, 6}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[57],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 593, 27}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[58],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 620, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[59],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 623, 5}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[60],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 628, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[61],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 641, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[62],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 654, 19}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[63],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 673, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[64],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 689, 14}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[65],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 703, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[66],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 719, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[67],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 732, 6}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[68],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 738, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[69],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 742, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[70],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 746, 6}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[71],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 752, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[72],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 759, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[73],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 763, 8}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[74],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 771, 17}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[75],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 788, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[76],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 801, 8}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[77],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 809, 19}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[78],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 828, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[79],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 841, 11}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[80],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 852, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[81],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 856, 8}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[82],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 864, 12}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[83],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 876, 18}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[84],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 894, 19}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[85],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 913, 5}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[86],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 918, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[87],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 925, 7}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[88],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 932, 11}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[89],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 943, 6}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[90],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 949, 10}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[91],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 959, 25}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[92],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 984, 17}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[93],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1001, 4}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[94],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1005, 3}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[95],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1008, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[96],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1024, 16}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[97],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1040, 13}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[98],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1053, 12}},
-    {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[99],
-     .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1065, 21}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[0], {{g_bytes + 0, 5}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1], {{g_bytes + 5, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[3], {{g_bytes + 19, 10}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4], {{g_bytes + 29, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[5], {{g_bytes + 36, 2}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[6], {{g_bytes + 38, 12}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7], {{g_bytes + 50, 11}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[8], {{g_bytes + 61, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9], {{g_bytes + 77, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[11], {{g_bytes + 110, 21}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[12], {{g_bytes + 131, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[13], {{g_bytes + 144, 14}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[14], {{g_bytes + 158, 12}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15], {{g_bytes + 170, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16], {{g_bytes + 186, 15}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[17], {{g_bytes + 201, 30}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[18], {{g_bytes + 231, 37}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[19], {{g_bytes + 268, 10}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[20], {{g_bytes + 278, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[21], {{g_bytes + 282, 8}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[22], {{g_bytes + 290, 12}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[24], {{g_bytes + 302, 19}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[25], {{g_bytes + 321, 12}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[26], {{g_bytes + 333, 30}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[27], {{g_bytes + 363, 31}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[28], {{g_bytes + 394, 36}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[29], {{g_bytes + 430, 1}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[30], {{g_bytes + 431, 1}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[31], {{g_bytes + 432, 1}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32], {{g_bytes + 433, 8}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33], {{g_bytes + 441, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[34], {{g_bytes + 445, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[35], {{g_bytes + 452, 8}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[36], {{g_bytes + 460, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[37], {{g_bytes + 476, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[38], {{g_bytes + 480, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[39], {{g_bytes + 483, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[40], {{g_bytes + 486, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[41], {{g_bytes + 490, 5}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[42], {{g_bytes + 495, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[43], {{g_bytes + 499, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[44], {{g_bytes + 502, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[45], {{g_bytes + 505, 1}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[46], {{g_bytes + 506, 11}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[47], {{g_bytes + 517, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[48], {{g_bytes + 520, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[49], {{g_bytes + 523, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[50], {{g_bytes + 526, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[51], {{g_bytes + 529, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[52], {{g_bytes + 532, 14}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[53], {{g_bytes + 546, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[54], {{g_bytes + 559, 15}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[55], {{g_bytes + 574, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[56], {{g_bytes + 587, 6}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[57], {{g_bytes + 593, 27}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[58], {{g_bytes + 620, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[59], {{g_bytes + 623, 5}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[60], {{g_bytes + 628, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[61], {{g_bytes + 641, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[62], {{g_bytes + 654, 19}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[63], {{g_bytes + 673, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[64], {{g_bytes + 689, 14}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[65], {{g_bytes + 703, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[66], {{g_bytes + 719, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[67], {{g_bytes + 732, 6}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[68], {{g_bytes + 738, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[69], {{g_bytes + 742, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[70], {{g_bytes + 746, 6}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[71], {{g_bytes + 752, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[72], {{g_bytes + 759, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[73], {{g_bytes + 763, 8}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[74], {{g_bytes + 771, 17}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[75], {{g_bytes + 788, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[76], {{g_bytes + 801, 8}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[77], {{g_bytes + 809, 19}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[78], {{g_bytes + 828, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[79], {{g_bytes + 841, 11}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[80], {{g_bytes + 852, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[81], {{g_bytes + 856, 8}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[82], {{g_bytes + 864, 12}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[83], {{g_bytes + 876, 18}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[84], {{g_bytes + 894, 19}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[85], {{g_bytes + 913, 5}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[86], {{g_bytes + 918, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[87], {{g_bytes + 925, 7}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[88], {{g_bytes + 932, 11}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[89], {{g_bytes + 943, 6}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[90], {{g_bytes + 949, 10}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[91], {{g_bytes + 959, 25}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[92], {{g_bytes + 984, 17}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[93], {{g_bytes + 1001, 4}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[94], {{g_bytes + 1005, 3}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[95], {{g_bytes + 1008, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[96], {{g_bytes + 1024, 16}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[97], {{g_bytes + 1040, 13}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[98], {{g_bytes + 1053, 12}}},
+    {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[99], {{g_bytes + 1065, 21}}},
 };
 
 uintptr_t grpc_static_mdelem_user_data[GRPC_STATIC_MDELEM_COUNT] = {
@@ -478,350 +378,178 @@ grpc_mdelem grpc_static_mdelem_for_static_strings(int a, int b) {
 }
 
 grpc_mdelem_data grpc_static_mdelem_table[GRPC_STATIC_MDELEM_COUNT] = {
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 50, 11}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[29],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 430, 1}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 50, 11}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[30],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 431, 1}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 50, 11}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[31],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 432, 1}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 77, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 433, 8}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 77, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 441, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 77, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[34],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 445, 7}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[5],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 36, 2}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[35],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 452, 8}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[14],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 158, 12}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[36],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 460, 16}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 5, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[37],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 476, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[38],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 480, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[39],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 483, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 29, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[40],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 486, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 29, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[41],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 490, 5}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 29, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[42],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 495, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[3],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 19, 10}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 5, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[43],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 499, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 5, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[44],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 502, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[0],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 0, 5}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[45],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 505, 1}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[0],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 0, 5}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[46],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 506, 11}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[47],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 517, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[48],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 520, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[49],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 523, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[50],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 526, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 12, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[51],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 529, 3}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[52],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 532, 14}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 186, 15}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 186, 15}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[53],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 546, 13}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[54],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 559, 15}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[55],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 574, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[56],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 587, 6}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[57],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 593, 27}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[58],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 620, 3}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[59],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 623, 5}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[60],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 628, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[61],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 641, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[62],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 654, 19}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 170, 16}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 433, 8}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 170, 16}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 441, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 170, 16}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[63],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 673, 16}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[64],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 689, 14}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[65],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 703, 16}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[66],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 719, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[14],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 158, 12}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[67],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 732, 6}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[68],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 738, 4}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[69],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 742, 4}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[70],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 746, 6}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[71],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 752, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[72],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 759, 4}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[20],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 278, 4}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[73],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 763, 8}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[74],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 771, 17}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[75],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 788, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[76],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 801, 8}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[77],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 809, 19}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[78],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 828, 13}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[21],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 282, 8}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[79],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 841, 11}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[80],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 852, 4}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[81],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 856, 8}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[82],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 864, 12}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[83],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 876, 18}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[84],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 894, 19}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[85],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 913, 5}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[86],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 918, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[87],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 925, 7}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[88],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 932, 11}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[89],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 943, 6}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[90],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 949, 10}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[91],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 959, 25}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[92],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 984, 17}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[19],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 268, 10}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[93],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1001, 4}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[94],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1005, 3}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[95],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1008, 16}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 302, 0}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 433, 8}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[34],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 445, 7}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[96],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1024, 16}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 441, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[97],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1040, 13}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[98],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1053, 12}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 90, 20}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[99],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1065, 21}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 186, 15}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 433, 8}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 186, 15}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 441, 4}}},
-    {{.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 186, 15}},
-     {.refcount = &grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[97],
-      .data.refcounted = {g_bytes + 1040, 13}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7], {{g_bytes + 50, 11}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[29], {{g_bytes + 430, 1}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7], {{g_bytes + 50, 11}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[30], {{g_bytes + 431, 1}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[7], {{g_bytes + 50, 11}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[31], {{g_bytes + 432, 1}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9], {{g_bytes + 77, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32], {{g_bytes + 433, 8}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9], {{g_bytes + 77, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33], {{g_bytes + 441, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[9], {{g_bytes + 77, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[34], {{g_bytes + 445, 7}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[5], {{g_bytes + 36, 2}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[35], {{g_bytes + 452, 8}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[14], {{g_bytes + 158, 12}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[36], {{g_bytes + 460, 16}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1], {{g_bytes + 5, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[37], {{g_bytes + 476, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[38], {{g_bytes + 480, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[39], {{g_bytes + 483, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4], {{g_bytes + 29, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[40], {{g_bytes + 486, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4], {{g_bytes + 29, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[41], {{g_bytes + 490, 5}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[4], {{g_bytes + 29, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[42], {{g_bytes + 495, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[3], {{g_bytes + 19, 10}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1], {{g_bytes + 5, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[43], {{g_bytes + 499, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[1], {{g_bytes + 5, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[44], {{g_bytes + 502, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[0], {{g_bytes + 0, 5}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[45], {{g_bytes + 505, 1}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[0], {{g_bytes + 0, 5}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[46], {{g_bytes + 506, 11}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[47], {{g_bytes + 517, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[48], {{g_bytes + 520, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[49], {{g_bytes + 523, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[50], {{g_bytes + 526, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[2], {{g_bytes + 12, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[51], {{g_bytes + 529, 3}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[52], {{g_bytes + 532, 14}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16], {{g_bytes + 186, 15}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16], {{g_bytes + 186, 15}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[53], {{g_bytes + 546, 13}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[54], {{g_bytes + 559, 15}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[55], {{g_bytes + 574, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[56], {{g_bytes + 587, 6}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[57], {{g_bytes + 593, 27}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[58], {{g_bytes + 620, 3}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[59], {{g_bytes + 623, 5}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[60], {{g_bytes + 628, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[61], {{g_bytes + 641, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[62], {{g_bytes + 654, 19}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15], {{g_bytes + 170, 16}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32], {{g_bytes + 433, 8}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15], {{g_bytes + 170, 16}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33], {{g_bytes + 441, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[15], {{g_bytes + 170, 16}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[63], {{g_bytes + 673, 16}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[64], {{g_bytes + 689, 14}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[65], {{g_bytes + 703, 16}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[66], {{g_bytes + 719, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[14], {{g_bytes + 158, 12}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[67], {{g_bytes + 732, 6}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[68], {{g_bytes + 738, 4}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[69], {{g_bytes + 742, 4}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[70], {{g_bytes + 746, 6}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[71], {{g_bytes + 752, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[72], {{g_bytes + 759, 4}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[20], {{g_bytes + 278, 4}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[73], {{g_bytes + 763, 8}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[74], {{g_bytes + 771, 17}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[75], {{g_bytes + 788, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[76], {{g_bytes + 801, 8}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[77], {{g_bytes + 809, 19}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[78], {{g_bytes + 828, 13}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[21], {{g_bytes + 282, 8}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[79], {{g_bytes + 841, 11}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[80], {{g_bytes + 852, 4}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[81], {{g_bytes + 856, 8}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[82], {{g_bytes + 864, 12}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[83], {{g_bytes + 876, 18}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[84], {{g_bytes + 894, 19}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[85], {{g_bytes + 913, 5}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[86], {{g_bytes + 918, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[87], {{g_bytes + 925, 7}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[88], {{g_bytes + 932, 11}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[89], {{g_bytes + 943, 6}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[90], {{g_bytes + 949, 10}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[91], {{g_bytes + 959, 25}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[92], {{g_bytes + 984, 17}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[19], {{g_bytes + 268, 10}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[93], {{g_bytes + 1001, 4}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[94], {{g_bytes + 1005, 3}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[95], {{g_bytes + 1008, 16}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[23], {{g_bytes + 302, 0}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32], {{g_bytes + 433, 8}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[34], {{g_bytes + 445, 7}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[96], {{g_bytes + 1024, 16}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33], {{g_bytes + 441, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[97], {{g_bytes + 1040, 13}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[98], {{g_bytes + 1053, 12}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[10], {{g_bytes + 90, 20}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[99], {{g_bytes + 1065, 21}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16], {{g_bytes + 186, 15}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[32], {{g_bytes + 433, 8}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16], {{g_bytes + 186, 15}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[33], {{g_bytes + 441, 4}}}},
+    {{&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[16], {{g_bytes + 186, 15}}},
+     {&grpc_static_metadata_refcounts[97], {{g_bytes + 1040, 13}}}},
 };
 bool grpc_static_callout_is_default[GRPC_BATCH_CALLOUTS_COUNT] = {
     true,  // :path
diff --git a/src/core/lib/transport/status_conversion.c b/src/core/lib/transport/status_conversion.c
index 9a76977e4b..a40d333284 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/transport/status_conversion.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/transport/status_conversion.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "src/core/lib/transport/status_conversion.h"
 
-int grpc_status_to_http2_error(grpc_status_code status) {
+grpc_http2_error_code grpc_status_to_http2_error(grpc_status_code status) {
   switch (status) {
     case GRPC_STATUS_OK:
       return GRPC_HTTP2_NO_ERROR;
diff --git a/src/core/lib/transport/transport.c b/src/core/lib/transport/transport.c
index 5f6302ad00..682a820b48 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/transport/transport.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/transport/transport.c
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ void grpc_stream_unref(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx,
          cope with.
          Throw this over to the executor (on a core-owned thread) and process it
          there. */
-      refcount->destroy.scheduler = grpc_executor_scheduler;
+      refcount->destroy.scheduler =
+          grpc_executor_scheduler(GRPC_EXECUTOR_SHORT);
     }
     GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(exec_ctx, &refcount->destroy, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
   }
@@ -101,8 +102,11 @@ static void slice_stream_unref(grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, void *p) {
 grpc_slice grpc_slice_from_stream_owned_buffer(grpc_stream_refcount *refcount,
                                                void *buffer, size_t length) {
   slice_stream_ref(&refcount->slice_refcount);
-  return (grpc_slice){.refcount = &refcount->slice_refcount,
-                      .data.refcounted = {.bytes = buffer, .length = length}};
+  grpc_slice res;
+  res.refcount = &refcount->slice_refcount,
+  res.data.refcounted.bytes = (uint8_t *)buffer;
+  res.data.refcounted.length = length;
+  return res;
 }
 
 static const grpc_slice_refcount_vtable stream_ref_slice_vtable = {
diff --git a/src/core/lib/transport/transport_op_string.c b/src/core/lib/transport/transport_op_string.c
index 409a6c4103..858664715c 100644
--- a/src/core/lib/transport/transport_op_string.c
+++ b/src/core/lib/transport/transport_op_string.c
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ char *grpc_transport_op_string(grpc_transport_op *op) {
   return out;
 }
 
-void grpc_call_log_op(char *file, int line, gpr_log_severity severity,
+void grpc_call_log_op(const char *file, int line, gpr_log_severity severity,
                       grpc_call_element *elem,
                       grpc_transport_stream_op_batch *op) {
   char *str = grpc_transport_stream_op_batch_string(op);
diff --git a/src/core/tsi/fake_transport_security.c b/src/core/tsi/fake_transport_security.c
index e7b3be3d86..64043fea08 100644
--- a/src/core/tsi/fake_transport_security.c
+++ b/src/core/tsi/fake_transport_security.c
@@ -493,7 +493,8 @@ static tsi_result fake_handshaker_result_extract_peer(
 }
 
 static tsi_result fake_handshaker_result_create_zero_copy_grpc_protector(
-    const tsi_handshaker_result *self, size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
+    void *exec_ctx, const tsi_handshaker_result *self,
+    size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
     tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector **protector) {
   *protector =
       tsi_create_fake_zero_copy_grpc_protector(max_output_protected_frame_size);
diff --git a/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.c b/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.c
index 1fd65928f9..7ebf9dd96f 100644
--- a/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.c
+++ b/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.c
@@ -67,7 +67,13 @@
 
 /* --- Structure definitions. ---*/
 
+struct tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory {
+  const tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable *vtable;
+  gpr_refcount refcount;
+};
+
 struct tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory {
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory base;
   SSL_CTX *ssl_context;
   unsigned char *alpn_protocol_list;
   size_t alpn_protocol_list_length;
@@ -77,6 +83,7 @@ struct tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory {
   /* Several contexts to support SNI.
      The tsi_peer array contains the subject names of the server certificates
      associated with the contexts at the same index.  */
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory base;
   SSL_CTX **ssl_contexts;
   tsi_peer *ssl_context_x509_subject_names;
   size_t ssl_context_count;
@@ -90,6 +97,7 @@ typedef struct {
   BIO *into_ssl;
   BIO *from_ssl;
   tsi_result result;
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory_ref;
 } tsi_ssl_handshaker;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -846,6 +854,47 @@ static const tsi_frame_protector_vtable frame_protector_vtable = {
     ssl_protector_destroy,
 };
 
+/* --- tsi_server_handshaker_factory methods implementation. --- */
+
+static void tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_destroy(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *self) {
+  if (self == NULL) return;
+
+  if (self->vtable != NULL && self->vtable->destroy != NULL) {
+    self->vtable->destroy(self);
+  }
+  /* Note, we don't free(self) here because this object is always directly
+   * embedded in another object. If tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_init allocates
+   * any memory, it should be free'd here. */
+}
+
+static tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_ref(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *self) {
+  if (self == NULL) return NULL;
+  gpr_refn(&self->refcount, 1);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static void tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *self) {
+  if (self == NULL) return;
+
+  if (gpr_unref(&self->refcount)) {
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_destroy(self);
+  }
+}
+
+static tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable handshaker_factory_vtable = {NULL};
+
+/* Initializes a tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory object. Caller is responsible for
+ * allocating memory for the factory. */
+static void tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_init(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(factory != NULL);
+
+  factory->vtable = &handshaker_factory_vtable;
+  gpr_ref_init(&factory->refcount, 1);
+}
+
 /* --- tsi_handshaker methods implementation. ---*/
 
 static tsi_result ssl_handshaker_get_bytes_to_send_to_peer(tsi_handshaker *self,
@@ -1013,6 +1062,7 @@ static tsi_result ssl_handshaker_create_frame_protector(
 static void ssl_handshaker_destroy(tsi_handshaker *self) {
   tsi_ssl_handshaker *impl = (tsi_ssl_handshaker *)self;
   SSL_free(impl->ssl); /* The BIO objects are owned by ssl */
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(impl->factory_ref);
   gpr_free(impl);
 }
 
@@ -1030,6 +1080,7 @@ static const tsi_handshaker_vtable handshaker_vtable = {
 
 static tsi_result create_tsi_ssl_handshaker(SSL_CTX *ctx, int is_client,
                                             const char *server_name_indication,
+                                            tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory,
                                             tsi_handshaker **handshaker) {
   SSL *ssl = SSL_new(ctx);
   BIO *into_ssl = NULL;
@@ -1085,6 +1136,8 @@ static tsi_result create_tsi_ssl_handshaker(SSL_CTX *ctx, int is_client,
   impl->from_ssl = from_ssl;
   impl->result = TSI_HANDSHAKE_IN_PROGRESS;
   impl->base.vtable = &handshaker_vtable;
+  impl->factory_ref = tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_ref(factory);
+
   *handshaker = &impl->base;
   return TSI_OK;
 }
@@ -1121,11 +1174,20 @@ tsi_result tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_create_handshaker(
     tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *self, const char *server_name_indication,
     tsi_handshaker **handshaker) {
   return create_tsi_ssl_handshaker(self->ssl_context, 1, server_name_indication,
-                                   handshaker);
+                                   &self->base, handshaker);
 }
 
-void tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy(
+void tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_unref(
     tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *self) {
+  if (self == NULL) return;
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(&self->base);
+}
+
+static void tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory) {
+  if (factory == NULL) return;
+  tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *self =
+      (tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *)factory;
   if (self->ssl_context != NULL) SSL_CTX_free(self->ssl_context);
   if (self->alpn_protocol_list != NULL) gpr_free(self->alpn_protocol_list);
   gpr_free(self);
@@ -1150,11 +1212,21 @@ tsi_result tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_create_handshaker(
   if (self->ssl_context_count == 0) return TSI_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
   /* Create the handshaker with the first context. We will switch if needed
      because of SNI in ssl_server_handshaker_factory_servername_callback.  */
-  return create_tsi_ssl_handshaker(self->ssl_contexts[0], 0, NULL, handshaker);
+  return create_tsi_ssl_handshaker(self->ssl_contexts[0], 0, NULL, &self->base,
+                                   handshaker);
 }
 
-void tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(
+void tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_unref(
     tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *self) {
+  if (self == NULL) return;
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(&self->base);
+}
+
+static void tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory) {
+  if (factory == NULL) return;
+  tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *self =
+      (tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *)factory;
   size_t i;
   for (i = 0; i < self->ssl_context_count; i++) {
     if (self->ssl_contexts[i] != NULL) {
@@ -1263,6 +1335,9 @@ static int server_handshaker_factory_npn_advertised_callback(
 
 /* --- tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory constructors. --- */
 
+static tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable client_handshaker_factory_vtable = {
+    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy};
+
 tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_client_handshaker_factory(
     const tsi_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *pem_key_cert_pair,
     const char *pem_root_certs, const char *cipher_suites,
@@ -1285,6 +1360,9 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_client_handshaker_factory(
   }
 
   impl = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*impl));
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_init(&impl->base);
+  impl->base.vtable = &client_handshaker_factory_vtable;
+
   impl->ssl_context = ssl_context;
 
   do {
@@ -1322,7 +1400,7 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_client_handshaker_factory(
     }
   } while (0);
   if (result != TSI_OK) {
-    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy(impl);
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(&impl->base);
     return result;
   }
   SSL_CTX_set_verify(ssl_context, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, NULL);
@@ -1332,6 +1410,9 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_client_handshaker_factory(
   return TSI_OK;
 }
 
+static tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable server_handshaker_factory_vtable = {
+    tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy};
+
 tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_server_handshaker_factory(
     const tsi_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *pem_key_cert_pairs,
     size_t num_key_cert_pairs, const char *pem_client_root_certs,
@@ -1364,12 +1445,15 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_ex(
   }
 
   impl = gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*impl));
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_init(&impl->base);
+  impl->base.vtable = &server_handshaker_factory_vtable;
+
   impl->ssl_contexts = gpr_zalloc(num_key_cert_pairs * sizeof(SSL_CTX *));
   impl->ssl_context_x509_subject_names =
       gpr_zalloc(num_key_cert_pairs * sizeof(tsi_peer));
   if (impl->ssl_contexts == NULL ||
       impl->ssl_context_x509_subject_names == NULL) {
-    tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(impl);
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(&impl->base);
     return TSI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
   }
   impl->ssl_context_count = num_key_cert_pairs;
@@ -1379,7 +1463,7 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_ex(
                                            &impl->alpn_protocol_list,
                                            &impl->alpn_protocol_list_length);
     if (result != TSI_OK) {
-      tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(impl);
+      tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(&impl->base);
       return result;
     }
   }
@@ -1451,10 +1535,11 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_ex(
     } while (0);
 
     if (result != TSI_OK) {
-      tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(impl);
+      tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_unref(&impl->base);
       return result;
     }
   }
+
   *factory = impl;
   return TSI_OK;
 }
@@ -1501,3 +1586,15 @@ int tsi_ssl_peer_matches_name(const tsi_peer *peer, const char *name) {
 
   return 0; /* Not found. */
 }
+
+/* --- Testing support. --- */
+const tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable *tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_swap_vtable(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory,
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable *new_vtable) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(factory != NULL);
+  GPR_ASSERT(factory->vtable != NULL);
+
+  const tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable *orig_vtable = factory->vtable;
+  factory->vtable = new_vtable;
+  return orig_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.h b/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.h
index 177599930b..3abfdf5ed8 100644
--- a/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.h
+++ b/src/core/tsi/ssl_transport_security.h
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ tsi_result tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_create_handshaker(
     tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *self, const char *server_name_indication,
     tsi_handshaker **handshaker);
 
-/* Destroys the handshaker factory. WARNING: it is unsafe to destroy a factory
-   while handshakers created with this factory are still in use.  */
-void tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_destroy(
-    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *self);
+/* Decrements reference count of the handshaker factory. Handshaker factory will
+ * be destroyed once no references exist. */
+void tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory_unref(
+    tsi_ssl_client_handshaker_factory *factory);
 
 /* --- tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory object ---
 
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ tsi_result tsi_create_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_ex(
 tsi_result tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_create_handshaker(
     tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *self, tsi_handshaker **handshaker);
 
-/* Destroys the handshaker factory. WARNING: it is unsafe to destroy a factory
-   while handshakers created with this factory are still in use.  */
-void tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(
+/* Decrements reference count of the handshaker factory. Handshaker factory will
+ * be destroyed once no references exist. */
+void tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_unref(
     tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory *self);
 
 /* Util that checks that an ssl peer matches a specific name.
@@ -170,6 +170,29 @@ void tsi_ssl_server_handshaker_factory_destroy(
    - handle public suffix wildchar more strictly (e.g. *.co.uk) */
 int tsi_ssl_peer_matches_name(const tsi_peer *peer, const char *name);
 
+/* --- Testing support. ---
+
+   These functions and typedefs are not intended to be used outside of testing.
+   */
+
+/* Base type of client and server handshaker factories. */
+typedef struct tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory;
+
+/* Function pointer to handshaker_factory destructor. */
+typedef void (*tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_destructor)(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory);
+
+/* Virtual table for tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory. */
+typedef struct {
+  tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_destructor destroy;
+} tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable;
+
+/* Set destructor of handshaker_factory to new_destructor, returns previous
+   destructor. */
+const tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable *tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_swap_vtable(
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory *factory,
+    tsi_ssl_handshaker_factory_vtable *new_vtable);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/src/core/tsi/transport_security.h b/src/core/tsi/transport_security.h
index b0d7039850..3bba38149c 100644
--- a/src/core/tsi/transport_security.h
+++ b/src/core/tsi/transport_security.h
@@ -84,11 +84,17 @@ struct tsi_handshaker {
 };
 
 /* Base for tsi_handshaker_result implementations.
-   See transport_security_interface.h for documentation. */
+   See transport_security_interface.h for documentation.
+   The exec_ctx parameter in create_zero_copy_grpc_protector is supposed to be
+   of type grpc_exec_ctx*, but we're using void* instead to avoid making the TSI
+   API depend on grpc. The create_zero_copy_grpc_protector() method is only used
+   in grpc, where we do need the exec_ctx passed through, but the API still
+   needs to compile in other applications, where grpc_exec_ctx is not defined.
+*/
 typedef struct {
   tsi_result (*extract_peer)(const tsi_handshaker_result *self, tsi_peer *peer);
   tsi_result (*create_zero_copy_grpc_protector)(
-      const tsi_handshaker_result *self,
+      void *exec_ctx, const tsi_handshaker_result *self,
       size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
       tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector **protector);
   tsi_result (*create_frame_protector)(const tsi_handshaker_result *self,
diff --git a/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.c b/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.c
index 773b35e717..affd995230 100644
--- a/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.c
+++ b/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.c
@@ -20,16 +20,18 @@
 
 /* This method creates a tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector object.  */
 tsi_result tsi_handshaker_result_create_zero_copy_grpc_protector(
-    const tsi_handshaker_result *self, size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, const tsi_handshaker_result *self,
+    size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
     tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector **protector) {
-  if (self == NULL || self->vtable == NULL || protector == NULL) {
+  if (exec_ctx == NULL || self == NULL || self->vtable == NULL ||
+      protector == NULL) {
     return TSI_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
   }
   if (self->vtable->create_zero_copy_grpc_protector == NULL) {
     return TSI_UNIMPLEMENTED;
   }
   return self->vtable->create_zero_copy_grpc_protector(
-      self, max_output_protected_frame_size, protector);
+      exec_ctx, self, max_output_protected_frame_size, protector);
 }
 
 /* --- tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector common implementation. ---
diff --git a/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.h b/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.h
index 375a758888..ca6755c12f 100644
--- a/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.h
+++ b/src/core/tsi/transport_security_grpc.h
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ extern "C" {
    assuming there is no fatal error.
    The caller is responsible for destroying the protector.  */
 tsi_result tsi_handshaker_result_create_zero_copy_grpc_protector(
-    const tsi_handshaker_result *self, size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
+    grpc_exec_ctx *exec_ctx, const tsi_handshaker_result *self,
+    size_t *max_output_protected_frame_size,
     tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector **protector);
 
 /* -- tsi_zero_copy_grpc_protector object --  */
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc b/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
index 3af8bdc11a..40e95f3c05 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ void ClientContext::set_call(grpc_call* call,
 
 void ClientContext::set_compression_algorithm(
     grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm) {
-  char* algorithm_name = nullptr;
+  const char* algorithm_name = nullptr;
   if (!grpc_compression_algorithm_name(algorithm, &algorithm_name)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Name for compression algorithm '%d' unknown.",
             algorithm);
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc b/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc
index 66b1ef0e39..693b8bea56 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc
@@ -22,14 +22,39 @@
 
 namespace grpc {
 
+namespace {
+std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter> CallInternal(
+    ChannelInterface* channel, ClientContext* context,
+    const grpc::string& method, CompletionQueue* cq, bool start, void* tag) {
+  return std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter>(
+      GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter::Create(
+          channel, cq, RpcMethod(method.c_str(), RpcMethod::BIDI_STREAMING),
+          context, start, tag));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 // begin a call to a named method
 std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter> GenericStub::Call(
     ClientContext* context, const grpc::string& method, CompletionQueue* cq,
     void* tag) {
-  return std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter>(
-      GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter::Create(
-          channel_.get(), cq,
-          RpcMethod(method.c_str(), RpcMethod::BIDI_STREAMING), context, tag));
+  return CallInternal(channel_.get(), context, method, cq, true, tag);
+}
+
+// setup a call to a named method
+std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter> GenericStub::PrepareCall(
+    ClientContext* context, const grpc::string& method, CompletionQueue* cq) {
+  return CallInternal(channel_.get(), context, method, cq, false, nullptr);
+}
+
+// setup a unary call to a named method
+std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncResponseReader> GenericStub::PrepareUnaryCall(
+    ClientContext* context, const grpc::string& method,
+    const ByteBuffer& request, CompletionQueue* cq) {
+  return std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncResponseReader>(
+      GenericClientAsyncResponseReader::Create(
+          channel_.get(), cq, RpcMethod(method.c_str(), RpcMethod::NORMAL_RPC),
+          context, request, false));
 }
 
 }  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc b/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc
index 815b607032..d2cba6d662 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <mutex>
 
 #include <grpc++/impl/codegen/method_handler_impl.h>
+#include <grpc/slice.h>
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc b/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
index 4913682f1d..d7876a000b 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ bool ServerContext::IsCancelled() const {
 
 void ServerContext::set_compression_algorithm(
     grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm) {
-  char* algorithm_name = NULL;
+  const char* algorithm_name = NULL;
   if (!grpc_compression_algorithm_name(algorithm, &algorithm_name)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Name for compression algorithm '%d' unknown.",
             algorithm);
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer_cc.cc b/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer_cc.cc
index b1ff25252a..180c813762 100644
--- a/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer_cc.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer_cc.cc
@@ -16,11 +16,15 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include <grpc++/impl/grpc_library.h>
 #include <grpc++/support/byte_buffer.h>
+#include <grpc/byte_buffer.h>
 #include <grpc/byte_buffer_reader.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
+static internal::GrpcLibraryInitializer g_gli_initializer;
+
 ByteBuffer::ByteBuffer(const Slice* slices, size_t nslices) {
   // The following assertions check that the representation of a grpc::Slice is
   // identical to that of a grpc_slice:  it has a grpc_slice field, and nothing
@@ -29,6 +33,16 @@ ByteBuffer::ByteBuffer(const Slice* slices, size_t nslices) {
                 "Slice must have same representation as grpc_slice");
   static_assert(sizeof(Slice) == sizeof(grpc_slice),
                 "Slice must have same representation as grpc_slice");
+  // The following assertions check that the representation of a ByteBuffer is
+  // identical to grpc_byte_buffer*:  it has a grpc_byte_buffer* field,
+  // and nothing else.
+  static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(buffer_), grpc_byte_buffer*>::value,
+                "ByteBuffer must have same representation as "
+                "grpc_byte_buffer*");
+  static_assert(sizeof(ByteBuffer) == sizeof(grpc_byte_buffer*),
+                "ByteBuffer must have same representation as "
+                "grpc_byte_buffer*");
+  g_gli_initializer.summon();  // Make sure that initializer linked in
   // The const_cast is legal if grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create() does no more
   // than its advertised side effect of increasing the reference count of the
   // slices it processes, and such an increase does not affect the semantics
@@ -37,19 +51,6 @@ ByteBuffer::ByteBuffer(const Slice* slices, size_t nslices) {
       reinterpret_cast<grpc_slice*>(const_cast<Slice*>(slices)), nslices);
 }
 
-ByteBuffer::~ByteBuffer() {
-  if (buffer_) {
-    grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(buffer_);
-  }
-}
-
-void ByteBuffer::Clear() {
-  if (buffer_) {
-    grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(buffer_);
-    buffer_ = nullptr;
-  }
-}
-
 Status ByteBuffer::Dump(std::vector<Slice>* slices) const {
   slices->clear();
   if (!buffer_) {
@@ -80,7 +81,9 @@ ByteBuffer::ByteBuffer(const ByteBuffer& buf)
     : buffer_(grpc_byte_buffer_copy(buf.buffer_)) {}
 
 ByteBuffer& ByteBuffer::operator=(const ByteBuffer& buf) {
-  Clear();  // first remove existing data
+  if (this != &buf) {
+    Clear();  // first remove existing data
+  }
   if (buf.buffer_) {
     buffer_ = grpc_byte_buffer_copy(buf.buffer_);  // then copy
   }
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/slice_cc.cc b/src/cpp/util/slice_cc.cc
index 486d0cdf0e..3ae17e8052 100644
--- a/src/cpp/util/slice_cc.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/util/slice_cc.cc
@@ -50,4 +50,6 @@ Slice::Slice(void* buf, size_t len, void (*destroy)(void*), void* user_data)
 Slice::Slice(void* buf, size_t len, void (*destroy)(void*, size_t))
     : slice_(grpc_slice_new_with_len(buf, len, destroy)) {}
 
+grpc_slice Slice::c_slice() const { return grpc_slice_ref(slice_); }
+
 }  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/Grpc.Auth.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/Grpc.Auth.csproj
index abf326459c..bbcbd95be5 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/Grpc.Auth.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/Grpc.Auth.csproj
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
     <PackageTags>gRPC RPC Protocol HTTP/2 Auth OAuth2</PackageTags>
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc</PackageProjectUrl>
     <PackageLicenseUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/LICENSE</PackageLicenseUrl>
-    <NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netstandard1.5' ">1.6.0</NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion>
     <IncludeSymbols>true</IncludeSymbols>
     <IncludeSource>true</IncludeSource>
     <GenerateDocumentationFile>true</GenerateDocumentationFile>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Testing/Grpc.Core.Testing.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Testing/Grpc.Core.Testing.csproj
index 9ad6fd0c61..4d6767fa98 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Testing/Grpc.Core.Testing.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Testing/Grpc.Core.Testing.csproj
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
     <PackageTags>gRPC test testing</PackageTags>
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc</PackageProjectUrl>
     <PackageLicenseUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/LICENSE</PackageLicenseUrl>
-    <NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netstandard1.5' ">1.6.0</NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion>
     <IncludeSymbols>true</IncludeSymbols>
     <IncludeSource>true</IncludeSource>
     <GenerateDocumentationFile>true</GenerateDocumentationFile>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj
index 6df68fda58..18993a93e0 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Core.Tests</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Core.Tests</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
@@ -21,7 +19,6 @@
     <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="9.0.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="NUnit" Version="3.6.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="NUnitLite" Version="3.6.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="NUnit.ConsoleRunner" Version="3.6.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="OpenCover" Version="4.6.519" />
     <PackageReference Include="ReportGenerator" Version="2.4.4.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj
index dde800aadd..d9950b2f20 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     <PackageTags>gRPC RPC Protocol HTTP/2</PackageTags>
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc</PackageProjectUrl>
     <PackageLicenseUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/LICENSE</PackageLicenseUrl>
-    <NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netstandard1.5' ">1.6.0</NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion>
     <IncludeSymbols>true</IncludeSymbols>
     <IncludeSource>true</IncludeSource>
     <GenerateDocumentationFile>true</GenerateDocumentationFile>
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@
   <ItemGroup Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netstandard1.5' ">
     <PackageReference Include="System.Runtime.Loader" Version="4.0.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.Threading.Thread" Version="4.0.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="System.Threading.ThreadPool" Version="4.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="System.Threading.ThreadPool" Version="4.0.10" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <Import Project="NativeDeps.csproj.include" />
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/Grpc.Examples.MathClient.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/Grpc.Examples.MathClient.csproj
index 74deed6584..db4e3ef4e3 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/Grpc.Examples.MathClient.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/Grpc.Examples.MathClient.csproj
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Examples.MathClient</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Examples.MathClient</PackageId>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/Grpc.Examples.MathServer.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/Grpc.Examples.MathServer.csproj
index 1abf261498..b12b418d01 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/Grpc.Examples.MathServer.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/Grpc.Examples.MathServer.csproj
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Examples.MathServer</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Examples.MathServer</PackageId>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj
index d2a13ed6e1..3ccc9adfaf 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Examples.Tests</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Examples.Tests</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj
index 491d313f17..baa3b4ce6c 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
     <TargetFrameworks>net45;netcoreapp1.0</TargetFrameworks>
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Examples</AssemblyName>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Examples</PackageId>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj
index 2ccf46b9b9..9da0539dcb 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj
index 3eb90434f3..681719d124 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     <PackageTags>gRPC health check</PackageTags>
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc</PackageProjectUrl>
     <PackageLicenseUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/LICENSE</PackageLicenseUrl>
-    <NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netstandard1.5' ">1.6.0</NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion>
     <IncludeSymbols>true</IncludeSymbols>
     <IncludeSource>true</IncludeSource>
     <GenerateDocumentationFile>true</GenerateDocumentationFile>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client.csproj
index c67beea7cd..35713156ea 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Client</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker.csproj
index e452257b1b..3ecefe3bc4 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker.csproj
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.QpsWorker</PackageId>
     <ServerGarbageCollection>true</ServerGarbageCollection>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server.csproj
index a1fb316fdb..1092b2c21e 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.Server</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient.csproj
index f64bea3d2b..22272547f6 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.IntegrationTesting.StressClient</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj
index f5077fe0f7..c02c9844e3 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.IntegrationTesting</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.IntegrationTesting</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
@@ -31,10 +29,6 @@
     <Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
-  <ItemGroup Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">
-    <PackageReference Include="System.Linq.Expressions" Version="4.1.1" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
   <ItemGroup>
     <Compile Include="..\Grpc.Core\Version.cs" />
   </ItemGroup>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Microbenchmarks/Grpc.Microbenchmarks.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Microbenchmarks/Grpc.Microbenchmarks.csproj
index 17797e1e1e..108357e4eb 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Microbenchmarks/Grpc.Microbenchmarks.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Microbenchmarks/Grpc.Microbenchmarks.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Microbenchmarks</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Microbenchmarks</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection.Tests/Grpc.Reflection.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection.Tests/Grpc.Reflection.Tests.csproj
index cf756c68ad..d368697124 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection.Tests/Grpc.Reflection.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection.Tests/Grpc.Reflection.Tests.csproj
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
     <AssemblyName>Grpc.Reflection.Tests</AssemblyName>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <PackageId>Grpc.Reflection.Tests</PackageId>
-    <PackageTargetFallback Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">$(PackageTargetFallback);portable-net45</PackageTargetFallback>
-    <RuntimeFrameworkVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netcoreapp1.0' ">1.0.4</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection/Grpc.Reflection.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection/Grpc.Reflection.csproj
index b77fd69aee..704eea5c17 100755
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection/Grpc.Reflection.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Reflection/Grpc.Reflection.csproj
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     <PackageTags>gRPC reflection</PackageTags>
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc</PackageProjectUrl>
     <PackageLicenseUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/LICENSE</PackageLicenseUrl>
-    <NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'netstandard1.5' ">1.6.0</NetStandardImplicitPackageVersion>
     <IncludeSymbols>true</IncludeSymbols>
     <IncludeSource>true</IncludeSource>
     <GenerateDocumentationFile>true</GenerateDocumentationFile>
diff --git a/src/csharp/doc/.gitignore b/src/csharp/doc/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09ee235efc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/doc/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+html
+obj
diff --git a/src/csharp/doc/README.md b/src/csharp/doc/README.md
index 585500b5ca..46cce013a1 100644
--- a/src/csharp/doc/README.md
+++ b/src/csharp/doc/README.md
@@ -1,2 +1,9 @@
+DocFX-generated C# API Reference
+--------------------------------
 
-SandCastle project files to generate HTML reference documentation.
\ No newline at end of file
+Install docfx based on instructions here: https://github.com/dotnet/docfx
+
+```
+# generate docfx documentation into ./html directory
+$ docfx
+```
diff --git a/src/csharp/doc/docfx.json b/src/csharp/doc/docfx.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7219d0e7a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/doc/docfx.json
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+{
+  "metadata": [
+    {
+      "src": [
+        {
+          "files": ["Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj",
+                    "Grpc.Auth/Grpc.Auth.csproj",
+                    "Grpc.Core.Testing/Grpc.Core.Testing.csproj",
+                    "Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj",
+                    "Grpc.Reflection/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj"],
+          "exclude": [ "**/bin/**", "**/obj/**" ],
+          "cwd": ".."
+        }
+      ],
+      "properties": { "TargetFramework": "net45" },
+      "dest": "obj/api"
+    }
+  ],
+  "build": {
+    "content": [
+      {
+        "files": [ "**/*.yml" ],
+        "cwd": "obj/api",
+        "dest": "api"
+      },
+      {
+        "files": [ "toc.yml"],
+      }
+    ],
+    "globalMetadata": {
+      "_appTitle": "gRPC C#",
+      "_enableSearch": true,
+      "_disableContribution": true
+    },
+    "dest": "html"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj b/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj
deleted file mode 100644
index fab953da35..0000000000
--- a/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
-  <PropertyGroup>
-    <!-- The configuration and platform will be used to determine which assemblies to include from solution and
-				 project documentation sources -->
-    <Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
-    <Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
-    <SchemaVersion>2.0</SchemaVersion>
-    <ProjectGuid>{77e3da09-fc92-486f-a90a-99ca788e8b59}</ProjectGuid>
-    <SHFBSchemaVersion>2015.6.5.0</SHFBSchemaVersion>
-    <!-- AssemblyName, Name, and RootNamespace are not used by SHFB but Visual Studio adds them anyway -->
-    <AssemblyName>Documentation</AssemblyName>
-    <RootNamespace>Documentation</RootNamespace>
-    <Name>Documentation</Name>
-    <!-- SHFB properties -->
-    <FrameworkVersion>.NET Framework 4.5</FrameworkVersion>
-    <OutputPath>..\..\..\doc\ref\csharp\html</OutputPath>
-    <Language>en-US</Language>
-    <DocumentationSources>
-      <DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Auth\Grpc.Auth.csproj" />
-<DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Core\Grpc.Core.csproj" />
-<DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.HealthCheck\Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj" />
-<DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Reflection\Grpc.Reflection.csproj" />
-<DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Core.Testing\Grpc.Core.Testing.csproj" /></DocumentationSources>
-    <BuildAssemblerVerbosity>OnlyWarningsAndErrors</BuildAssemblerVerbosity>
-    <HelpFileFormat>Website</HelpFileFormat>
-    <IndentHtml>False</IndentHtml>
-    <KeepLogFile>True</KeepLogFile>
-    <DisableCodeBlockComponent>False</DisableCodeBlockComponent>
-    <CleanIntermediates>True</CleanIntermediates>
-    <HelpFileVersion>1.0.0.0</HelpFileVersion>
-    <MaximumGroupParts>2</MaximumGroupParts>
-    <NamespaceGrouping>False</NamespaceGrouping>
-    <SyntaxFilters>Standard</SyntaxFilters>
-    <SdkLinkTarget>Blank</SdkLinkTarget>
-    <RootNamespaceContainer>True</RootNamespaceContainer>
-    <PresentationStyle>VS2013</PresentationStyle>
-    <Preliminary>False</Preliminary>
-    <NamingMethod>MemberName</NamingMethod>
-    <HelpTitle>gRPC C#</HelpTitle>
-    <ContentPlacement>AboveNamespaces</ContentPlacement>
-    <HtmlHelpName>Documentation</HtmlHelpName>
-    <NamespaceSummaries>
-      <NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Auth" isDocumented="True">Provides OAuth2 based authentication for gRPC. &lt;c&gt;Grpc.Auth&lt;/c&gt; currently consists of a set of very lightweight wrappers and uses C# &lt;a href="https://www.nuget.org/packages/Google.Apis.Auth/"&gt;Google.Apis.Auth&lt;/a&gt; library.</NamespaceSummaryItem>
-      <NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Core" isDocumented="True">Main namespace for gRPC C# functionality. Contains concepts representing both client side and server side gRPC logic.
-
-&lt;seealso cref="Grpc.Core.Channel"/&gt; 
-&lt;seealso cref="Grpc.Core.Server"/&gt;</NamespaceSummaryItem>
-      <NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Core.Logging" isDocumented="True">Provides functionality to redirect gRPC logs to application-specified destination.</NamespaceSummaryItem>
-      <NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Core.Utils" isDocumented="True">Various utilities for gRPC C#.</NamespaceSummaryItem>
-    </NamespaceSummaries>
-    <MissingTags>Summary, Parameter, AutoDocumentCtors, Namespace, TypeParameter, AutoDocumentDispose</MissingTags>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <!-- There are no properties for these groups.  AnyCPU needs to appear in order for Visual Studio to perform
-			 the build.  The others are optional common platform types that may appear. -->
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|x86' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|x86' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|x64' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|x64' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|Win32' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|Win32' ">
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <!-- Import the SHFB build targets -->
-  <Import Project="$(SHFBROOT)\SandcastleHelpFileBuilder.targets" />
-  <!-- The pre-build and post-build event properties must appear *after* the targets file import in order to be
-			 evaluated correctly. -->
-  <PropertyGroup>
-    <PreBuildEvent>
-    </PreBuildEvent>
-    <PostBuildEvent>
-    </PostBuildEvent>
-    <RunPostBuildEvent>OnBuildSuccess</RunPostBuildEvent>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-</Project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/doc/toc.yml b/src/csharp/doc/toc.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3a1e415ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/doc/toc.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- name: API Documentation
+  href: obj/api/
+  homepage: obj/api/Grpc.Core.yml
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.h b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.h
index 4d90cfd384..df563ca36c 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.h
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.h
@@ -170,6 +170,13 @@ extern id const kGRPCTrailersKey;
 @property (atomic, copy, readwrite) NSString *serverName;
 
 /**
+ * The timeout for the RPC call in seconds. If set to 0, the call will not timeout. If set to
+ * positive, the gRPC call returns with status GRPCErrorCodeDeadlineExceeded if it is not completed
+ * within \a timeout seconds. A negative value is not allowed.
+ */
+@property NSTimeInterval timeout;
+
+/**
  * The container of the request headers of an RPC conforms to this protocol, which is a subset of
  * NSMutableDictionary's interface. It will become a NSMutableDictionary later on.
  * The keys of this container are the header names, which per the HTTP standard are case-
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.m b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.m
index 436c19e354..d6c3a3c165 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/GRPCCall.m
@@ -423,7 +423,8 @@ static NSString * const kBearerPrefix = @"Bearer ";
 
   _wrappedCall = [[GRPCWrappedCall alloc] initWithHost:_host
                                             serverName:_serverName
-                                                  path:_path];
+                                                  path:_path
+                                               timeout:_timeout];
   NSAssert(_wrappedCall, @"Error allocating RPC objects. Low memory?");
 
   [self sendHeaders:_requestHeaders];
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.h b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.h
index e2aa5bd036..d37182f754 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.h
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.h
@@ -63,5 +63,6 @@ struct grpc_channel_credentials;
 
 - (nullable grpc_call *)unmanagedCallWithPath:(nonnull NSString *)path
                                    serverName:(nonnull NSString *)serverName
+                                      timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout
                               completionQueue:(nonnull GRPCCompletionQueue *)queue;
 @end
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.m b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.m
index 52dbc70b99..b78b14f2af 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCChannel.m
@@ -182,18 +182,28 @@ static grpc_channel_args *BuildChannelArgs(NSDictionary *dictionary) {
 
 - (grpc_call *)unmanagedCallWithPath:(NSString *)path
                           serverName:(NSString *)serverName
+                             timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout
                      completionQueue:(GRPCCompletionQueue *)queue {
+  GPR_ASSERT(timeout >= 0);
+  if (timeout < 0) {
+    timeout = 0;
+  }
   grpc_slice host_slice;
   if (serverName) {
     host_slice = grpc_slice_from_copied_string(serverName.UTF8String);
   }
   grpc_slice path_slice = grpc_slice_from_copied_string(path.UTF8String);
+  gpr_timespec deadline_ms = timeout == 0 ?
+                                gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME) :
+                                gpr_time_add(
+                                    gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC),
+                                    gpr_time_from_millis((int64_t)(timeout * 1000), GPR_TIMESPAN));
   grpc_call *call = grpc_channel_create_call(_unmanagedChannel,
                                              NULL, GRPC_PROPAGATE_DEFAULTS,
                                              queue.unmanagedQueue,
                                              path_slice,
                                              serverName ? &host_slice : NULL,
-                                             gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), NULL);
+                                             deadline_ms, NULL);
   if (serverName) {
     grpc_slice_unref(host_slice);
   }
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.h b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.h
index 0c1d715240..58171211b0 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.h
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.h
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ struct grpc_channel_credentials;
 /** Create a grpc_call object to the provided path on this host. */
 - (nullable struct grpc_call *)unmanagedCallWithPath:(NSString *)path
                                           serverName:(NSString *)serverName
+                                             timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout
                                      completionQueue:(GRPCCompletionQueue *)queue;
 
 // TODO: There's a race when a new RPC is coming through just as an existing one is getting
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.m b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.m
index 23794c1fed..f73e9cbc50 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCHost.m
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ static GRPCConnectivityMonitor *connectivityMonitor = nil;
 
 - (nullable grpc_call *)unmanagedCallWithPath:(NSString *)path
                                    serverName:(NSString *)serverName
+                                      timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout
                               completionQueue:(GRPCCompletionQueue *)queue {
   GRPCChannel *channel;
   // This is racing -[GRPCHost disconnect].
@@ -130,7 +131,10 @@ static GRPCConnectivityMonitor *connectivityMonitor = nil;
     }
     channel = _channel;
   }
-  return [channel unmanagedCallWithPath:path serverName:serverName completionQueue:queue];
+  return [channel unmanagedCallWithPath:path
+                             serverName:serverName
+                                timeout:timeout
+                        completionQueue:queue];
 }
 
 - (BOOL)setTLSPEMRootCerts:(nullable NSString *)pemRootCerts
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.h b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.h
index 64075591a3..1cd9da8f3e 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.h
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.h
@@ -76,7 +76,8 @@
 
 - (instancetype)initWithHost:(NSString *)host
                   serverName:(NSString *)serverName
-                        path:(NSString *)path NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
+                        path:(NSString *)path
+                     timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
 
 - (void)startBatchWithOperations:(NSArray *)ops errorHandler:(void(^)())errorHandler;
 
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.m b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.m
index 87dc33af88..b0b1223b64 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCWrappedCall.m
@@ -238,12 +238,13 @@
 }
 
 - (instancetype)init {
-  return [self initWithHost:nil serverName:nil path:nil];
+  return [self initWithHost:nil serverName:nil path:nil timeout:0];
 }
 
 - (instancetype)initWithHost:(NSString *)host
                   serverName:(NSString *)serverName
-                        path:(NSString *)path {
+                        path:(NSString *)path
+                     timeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout {
   if (!path || !host) {
     [NSException raise:NSInvalidArgumentException
                 format:@"path and host cannot be nil."];
@@ -255,7 +256,10 @@
     // queue. Currently we use a singleton queue.
     _queue = [GRPCCompletionQueue completionQueue];
 
-    _call = [[GRPCHost hostWithAddress:host] unmanagedCallWithPath:path serverName:serverName completionQueue:_queue];
+    _call = [[GRPCHost hostWithAddress:host] unmanagedCallWithPath:path
+                                                        serverName:serverName
+                                                           timeout:timeout
+                                                   completionQueue:_queue];
     if (_call == NULL) {
       return nil;
     }
diff --git a/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m b/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m
index 9afe507121..82ac2600fa 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #import <RemoteTest/Messages.pbobjc.h>
 #import <RxLibrary/GRXWriteable.h>
 #import <RxLibrary/GRXWriter+Immediate.h>
+#import <RxLibrary/GRXBufferedPipe.h>
 
 #define TEST_TIMEOUT 16
 
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ static NSString * const kRemoteSSLHost = @"grpc-test.sandbox.googleapis.com";
 static GRPCProtoMethod *kInexistentMethod;
 static GRPCProtoMethod *kEmptyCallMethod;
 static GRPCProtoMethod *kUnaryCallMethod;
+static GRPCProtoMethod *kFullDuplexCallMethod;
 
 /** Observer class for testing that responseMetadata is KVO-compliant */
 @interface PassthroughObserver : NSObject
@@ -106,6 +108,9 @@ static GRPCProtoMethod *kUnaryCallMethod;
   kUnaryCallMethod = [[GRPCProtoMethod alloc] initWithPackage:kPackage
                                                       service:kService
                                                        method:@"UnaryCall"];
+  kFullDuplexCallMethod = [[GRPCProtoMethod alloc] initWithPackage:kPackage
+                                                           service:kService
+                                                            method:@"FullDuplexCall"];
 }
 
 - (void)testConnectionToRemoteServer {
@@ -422,4 +427,26 @@ static GRPCProtoMethod *kUnaryCallMethod;
   [self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:TEST_TIMEOUT handler:nil];
 }
 
+- (void)testTimeout {
+  __weak XCTestExpectation *completion = [self expectationWithDescription:@"RPC completed."];
+
+  GRXBufferedPipe *pipe = [GRXBufferedPipe pipe];
+  GRPCCall *call = [[GRPCCall alloc] initWithHost:kHostAddress
+                                             path:kFullDuplexCallMethod.HTTPPath
+                                   requestsWriter:pipe];
+
+  id<GRXWriteable> responsesWriteable = [[GRXWriteable alloc] initWithValueHandler:^(NSData *value) {
+    XCTAssert(0, @"Failure: response received; Expect: no response received.");
+  } completionHandler:^(NSError *errorOrNil) {
+    XCTAssertNotNil(errorOrNil, @"Failure: no error received; Expect: receive deadline exceeded.");
+    XCTAssertEqual(errorOrNil.code, GRPCErrorCodeDeadlineExceeded);
+    [completion fulfill];
+  }];
+
+  call.timeout = 0.001;
+  [call startWithWriteable:responsesWriteable];
+
+  [self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:TEST_TIMEOUT handler:nil];
+}
+
 @end
diff --git a/src/objective-c/tests/run_tests.sh b/src/objective-c/tests/run_tests.sh
index 5b7a2d104a..608ae6884b 100755
--- a/src/objective-c/tests/run_tests.sh
+++ b/src/objective-c/tests/run_tests.sh
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ xcodebuild \
     HOST_PORT_REMOTE=grpc-test.sandbox.googleapis.com \
     test \
     | egrep -v "$XCODEBUILD_FILTER" \
-    | egrep -v '^$' -
+    | egrep -v '^$' \
+    | egrep -v "(GPBDictionary|GPBArray)" -
 
 echo "TIME:  $(date)"
 xcodebuild \
@@ -57,7 +58,8 @@ xcodebuild \
     -scheme CoreCronetEnd2EndTests \
     -destination name="iPhone 6" \
     test \
-    | egrep "$XCODEBUILD_FILTER" \
+    | egrep -v "$XCODEBUILD_FILTER" \
+    | egrep -v '^$' \
     | egrep -v "(GPBDictionary|GPBArray)" -
 
 echo "TIME:  $(date)"
@@ -65,7 +67,10 @@ xcodebuild \
     -workspace Tests.xcworkspace \
     -scheme CronetUnitTests \
     -destination name="iPhone 6" \
-    test | xcpretty
+    test \
+    | egrep -v "$XCODEBUILD_FILTER" \
+    | egrep -v '^$' \
+    | egrep -v "(GPBDictionary|GPBArray)" -
 
 echo "TIME:  $(date)"
 xcodebuild \
@@ -74,5 +79,6 @@ xcodebuild \
     -destination name="iPhone 6" \
     HOST_PORT_REMOTE=grpc-test.sandbox.googleapis.com \
     test \
-    | egrep "$XCODEBUILD_FILTER" \
+    | egrep -v "$XCODEBUILD_FILTER" \
+    | egrep -v '^$' \
     | egrep -v "(GPBDictionary|GPBArray)" -
diff --git a/src/php/tests/qps/composer.json b/src/php/tests/qps/composer.json
index 8c1e7b6c74..f8512648c4 100644
--- a/src/php/tests/qps/composer.json
+++ b/src/php/tests/qps/composer.json
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 {
-  "minimum-stability": "dev",
   "require": {
     "grpc/grpc": "dev-master",
-    "google/protobuf": "^v3.3.0"
+    "google/protobuf": "v3.4.1"
   },
   "autoload": {
     "psr-4": {
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/completion_queue.pyx.pxi b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/completion_queue.pyx.pxi
index 28c30e5d35..237f430799 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/completion_queue.pyx.pxi
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/completion_queue.pyx.pxi
@@ -41,9 +41,8 @@ cdef class CompletionQueue:
     cdef object user_tag = None
     cdef Call operation_call = None
     cdef CallDetails request_call_details = None
-    cdef Metadata request_metadata = None
+    cdef object request_metadata = None
     cdef Operations batch_operations = None
-    cdef Operation batch_operation = None
     if event.type == GRPC_QUEUE_TIMEOUT:
       return Event(
           event.type, False, None, None, None, None, False, None)
@@ -63,14 +62,8 @@ cdef class CompletionQueue:
         operation_call = tag.operation_call
         request_call_details = tag.request_call_details
         if tag.request_metadata is not None:
-          request_metadata = tag.request_metadata
-          request_metadata._claim_slice_ownership()
+          request_metadata = tuple(tag.request_metadata)
         batch_operations = tag.batch_operations
-        if tag.batch_operations is not None:
-          for op in batch_operations.operations:
-            batch_operation = <Operation>op
-            if batch_operation._received_metadata is not None:
-              batch_operation._received_metadata._claim_slice_ownership()
         if tag.is_new_request:
           # Stuff in the tag not explicitly handled by us needs to live through
           # the life of the call
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/credentials.pyx.pxi b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/credentials.pyx.pxi
index fa89b8d55a..f73dbe4a9d 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/credentials.pyx.pxi
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/credentials.pyx.pxi
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ cdef class CredentialsMetadataPlugin:
     """
     Args:
       plugin_callback (callable): Callback accepting a service URL (str/bytes)
-        and callback object (accepting a Metadata,
+        and callback object (accepting a MetadataArray,
         grpc_status_code, and a str/bytes error message). This argument
         when called should be non-blocking and eventually call the callback
         object with the appropriate status code/details and metadata (if
@@ -133,8 +133,7 @@ cdef int plugin_get_metadata(
   def python_callback(
       Metadata metadata, grpc_status_code status,
       bytes error_details):
-    cb(user_data, metadata.c_metadata_array.metadata,
-       metadata.c_metadata_array.count, status, error_details)
+    cb(user_data, metadata.c_metadata, metadata.c_count, status, error_details)
     called_flag[0] = True
   cdef CredentialsMetadataPlugin self = <CredentialsMetadataPlugin>state
   cdef AuthMetadataContext cy_context = AuthMetadataContext()
@@ -144,8 +143,8 @@ cdef int plugin_get_metadata(
       self.plugin_callback(cy_context, python_callback)
     except Exception as error:
       if not called_flag[0]:
-        cb(user_data, Metadata([]).c_metadata_array.metadata,
-          0, StatusCode.unknown, traceback.format_exc().encode())
+        cb(user_data, NULL, 0, StatusCode.unknown,
+           traceback.format_exc().encode())
   threading.Thread(group=None, target=async_callback).start()
   return 0  # Asynchronous return
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxi b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxi
index 279eb8a71c..f115106e60 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxi
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxi
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ cdef extern from "grpc/grpc.h":
   grpc_slice grpc_slice_malloc(size_t length) nogil
   grpc_slice grpc_slice_from_copied_string(const char *source) nogil
   grpc_slice grpc_slice_from_copied_buffer(const char *source, size_t len) nogil
+  grpc_slice grpc_slice_copy(grpc_slice s) nogil
 
   # Declare functions for function-like macros (because Cython)...
   void *grpc_slice_start_ptr "GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR" (grpc_slice s) nogil
@@ -529,7 +530,7 @@ cdef extern from "grpc/compression.h":
   int grpc_compression_algorithm_parse(
       grpc_slice value, grpc_compression_algorithm *algorithm) nogil
   int grpc_compression_algorithm_name(grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm,
-                                      char **name) nogil
+                                      const char **name) nogil
   grpc_compression_algorithm grpc_compression_algorithm_for_level(
       grpc_compression_level level, uint32_t accepted_encodings) nogil
   void grpc_compression_options_init(grpc_compression_options *opts) nogil
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pxd.pxi b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pxd.pxi
index 8ace6aeb52..9c40ebf0c2 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pxd.pxi
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pxd.pxi
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ cdef class OperationTag:
   cdef Server shutting_down_server
   cdef Call operation_call
   cdef CallDetails request_call_details
-  cdef Metadata request_metadata
+  cdef MetadataArray request_metadata
   cdef Operations batch_operations
   cdef bint is_new_request
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ cdef class Event:
   # For Server.request_call
   cdef readonly bint is_new_request
   cdef readonly CallDetails request_call_details
-  cdef readonly Metadata request_metadata
+  cdef readonly object request_metadata
 
   # For server calls
   cdef readonly Call operation_call
@@ -92,15 +92,20 @@ cdef class Metadatum:
 
 cdef class Metadata:
 
+  cdef grpc_metadata *c_metadata
+  cdef readonly size_t c_count
+
+
+cdef class MetadataArray:
+
   cdef grpc_metadata_array c_metadata_array
-  cdef void _claim_slice_ownership(self)
 
 
 cdef class Operation:
 
   cdef grpc_op c_op
   cdef ByteBuffer _received_message
-  cdef Metadata _received_metadata
+  cdef MetadataArray _received_metadata
   cdef grpc_status_code _received_status_code
   cdef grpc_slice _status_details
   cdef int _received_cancelled
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pyx.pxi b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pyx.pxi
index 1b2ddd2469..d860173b5d 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pyx.pxi
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/records.pyx.pxi
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ cdef class Event:
   def __cinit__(self, grpc_completion_type type, bint success,
                 object tag, Call operation_call,
                 CallDetails request_call_details,
-                Metadata request_metadata,
+                object request_metadata,
                 bint is_new_request,
                 Operations batch_operations):
     self.type = type
@@ -437,48 +437,79 @@ cdef class Metadatum:
 cdef class _MetadataIterator:
 
   cdef size_t i
-  cdef Metadata metadata
+  cdef size_t _length
+  cdef object _metadatum_indexable
 
-  def __cinit__(self, Metadata metadata not None):
+  def __cinit__(self, length, metadatum_indexable):
+    self._length = length
+    self._metadatum_indexable = metadatum_indexable
     self.i = 0
-    self.metadata = metadata
 
   def __iter__(self):
     return self
 
   def __next__(self):
-    if self.i < len(self.metadata):
-      result = self.metadata[self.i]
+    if self.i < self._length:
+      result = self._metadatum_indexable[self.i]
       self.i = self.i + 1
       return result
     else:
       raise StopIteration
 
 
+# TODO(https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/7950): Eliminate this; just use an
+# ordinary sequence of pairs of bytestrings all the way down to the
+# grpc_call_start_batch call.
 cdef class Metadata:
+  """Metadata being passed from application to core."""
 
   def __cinit__(self, metadata_iterable):
+    metadata_sequence = tuple(metadata_iterable)
+    cdef size_t count = len(metadata_sequence)
     with nogil:
       grpc_init()
-      grpc_metadata_array_init(&self.c_metadata_array)
-    metadata = list(metadata_iterable)
-    for metadatum in metadata:
-      if not isinstance(metadatum, Metadatum):
-        raise TypeError("expected list of Metadatum")
-    self.c_metadata_array.count = len(metadata)
-    self.c_metadata_array.capacity = len(metadata)
+      self.c_metadata = <grpc_metadata *>gpr_malloc(
+          count * sizeof(grpc_metadata))
+      self.c_count = count
+    for index, metadatum in enumerate(metadata_sequence):
+      self.c_metadata[index].key = grpc_slice_copy(
+          (<Metadatum>metadatum).c_metadata.key)
+      self.c_metadata[index].value = grpc_slice_copy(
+          (<Metadatum>metadatum).c_metadata.value)
+
+  def __dealloc__(self):
+    with nogil:
+      for index in range(self.c_count):
+        grpc_slice_unref(self.c_metadata[index].key)
+        grpc_slice_unref(self.c_metadata[index].value)
+      gpr_free(self.c_metadata)
+      grpc_shutdown()
+
+  def __len__(self):
+    return self.c_count
+
+  def __getitem__(self, size_t index):
+    if index < self.c_count:
+      key = _slice_bytes(self.c_metadata[index].key)
+      value = _slice_bytes(self.c_metadata[index].value)
+      return Metadatum(key, value)
+    else:
+      raise IndexError()
+
+  def __iter__(self):
+    return _MetadataIterator(self.c_count, self)
+
+
+cdef class MetadataArray:
+  """Metadata being passed from core to application."""
+
+  def __cinit__(self):
     with nogil:
-      self.c_metadata_array.metadata = <grpc_metadata *>gpr_malloc(
-          self.c_metadata_array.count*sizeof(grpc_metadata)
-      )
-    for i in range(self.c_metadata_array.count):
-      (<Metadatum>metadata[i])._copy_metadatum(&self.c_metadata_array.metadata[i])
+      grpc_init()
+      grpc_metadata_array_init(&self.c_metadata_array)
 
   def __dealloc__(self):
     with nogil:
-      # this frees the allocated memory for the grpc_metadata_array (although
-      # it'd be nice if that were documented somewhere...)
-      # TODO(atash): document this in the C core
       grpc_metadata_array_destroy(&self.c_metadata_array)
       grpc_shutdown()
 
@@ -493,21 +524,7 @@ cdef class Metadata:
     return Metadatum(key=key, value=value)
 
   def __iter__(self):
-    return _MetadataIterator(self)
-
-  cdef void _claim_slice_ownership(self):
-    cdef grpc_metadata_array new_c_metadata_array
-    grpc_metadata_array_init(&new_c_metadata_array)
-    new_c_metadata_array.metadata = <grpc_metadata *>gpr_malloc(
-        self.c_metadata_array.count*sizeof(grpc_metadata))
-    new_c_metadata_array.count = self.c_metadata_array.count
-    for i in range(self.c_metadata_array.count):
-      new_c_metadata_array.metadata[i].key = _copy_slice(
-          self.c_metadata_array.metadata[i].key)
-      new_c_metadata_array.metadata[i].value = _copy_slice(
-          self.c_metadata_array.metadata[i].value)
-    grpc_metadata_array_destroy(&self.c_metadata_array)
-    self.c_metadata_array = new_c_metadata_array
+    return _MetadataIterator(self.c_metadata_array.count, self)
 
 
 cdef class Operation:
@@ -547,14 +564,13 @@ cdef class Operation:
     if (self.c_op.type != GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA and
         self.c_op.type != GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT):
       raise TypeError("self must be an operation receiving metadata")
-    return self._received_metadata
-
-  @property
-  def received_metadata_or_none(self):
-    if (self.c_op.type != GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA and
-        self.c_op.type != GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT):
-      return None
-    return self._received_metadata
+    # TODO(https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/7950): Drop the "all Cython
+    # objects must be legitimate for use from Python at any time" policy in
+    # place today, shift the policy toward "Operation objects are only usable
+    # while their calls are active", and move this making-a-copy-because-this-
+    # data-needs-to-live-much-longer-than-the-call-from-which-it-arose to the
+    # lowest Python layer.
+    return tuple(self._received_metadata)
 
   @property
   def received_status_code(self):
@@ -601,9 +617,8 @@ def operation_send_initial_metadata(Metadata metadata, int flags):
   cdef Operation op = Operation()
   op.c_op.type = GRPC_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA
   op.c_op.flags = flags
-  op.c_op.data.send_initial_metadata.count = metadata.c_metadata_array.count
-  op.c_op.data.send_initial_metadata.metadata = (
-      metadata.c_metadata_array.metadata)
+  op.c_op.data.send_initial_metadata.count = metadata.c_count
+  op.c_op.data.send_initial_metadata.metadata = metadata.c_metadata
   op.references.append(metadata)
   op.is_valid = True
   return op
@@ -631,9 +646,8 @@ def operation_send_status_from_server(
   op.c_op.type = GRPC_OP_SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER
   op.c_op.flags = flags
   op.c_op.data.send_status_from_server.trailing_metadata_count = (
-      metadata.c_metadata_array.count)
-  op.c_op.data.send_status_from_server.trailing_metadata = (
-      metadata.c_metadata_array.metadata)
+      metadata.c_count)
+  op.c_op.data.send_status_from_server.trailing_metadata = metadata.c_metadata
   op.c_op.data.send_status_from_server.status = code
   grpc_slice_unref(op._status_details)
   op._status_details = _slice_from_bytes(details)
@@ -646,7 +660,7 @@ def operation_receive_initial_metadata(int flags):
   cdef Operation op = Operation()
   op.c_op.type = GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA
   op.c_op.flags = flags
-  op._received_metadata = Metadata([])
+  op._received_metadata = MetadataArray()
   op.c_op.data.receive_initial_metadata.receive_initial_metadata = (
       &op._received_metadata.c_metadata_array)
   op.is_valid = True
@@ -669,7 +683,7 @@ def operation_receive_status_on_client(int flags):
   cdef Operation op = Operation()
   op.c_op.type = GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT
   op.c_op.flags = flags
-  op._received_metadata = Metadata([])
+  op._received_metadata = MetadataArray()
   op.c_op.data.receive_status_on_client.trailing_metadata = (
       &op._received_metadata.c_metadata_array)
   op.c_op.data.receive_status_on_client.status = (
@@ -768,7 +782,7 @@ cdef class CompressionOptions:
 
 
 def compression_algorithm_name(grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm):
-  cdef char* name
+  cdef const char* name
   with nogil:
     grpc_compression_algorithm_name(algorithm, &name)
   # Let Cython do the right thing with string casting
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/server.pyx.pxi b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/server.pyx.pxi
index dd276fd57b..b8db27469f 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/server.pyx.pxi
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/server.pyx.pxi
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ cdef class Server:
     cdef OperationTag operation_tag = OperationTag(tag)
     operation_tag.operation_call = Call()
     operation_tag.request_call_details = CallDetails()
-    operation_tag.request_metadata = Metadata([])
+    operation_tag.request_metadata = MetadataArray()
     operation_tag.references.extend([self, call_queue, server_queue])
     operation_tag.is_new_request = True
     operation_tag.batch_operations = Operations([])
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc_core_dependencies.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc_core_dependencies.py
index ec642b0520..7b684f2a58 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc_core_dependencies.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc_core_dependencies.py
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ CORE_SOURCE_FILES = [
   'src/core/lib/compression/compression.c',
   'src/core/lib/compression/message_compress.c',
   'src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression.c',
+  'src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_gzip.c',
+  'src/core/lib/compression/stream_compression_identity.c',
   'src/core/lib/debug/stats.c',
   'src/core/lib/debug/stats_data.c',
   'src/core/lib/http/format_request.c',
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_health_checking/setup.py b/src/python/grpcio_health_checking/setup.py
index 0299b4cca9..1f5e9c5130 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_health_checking/setup.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_health_checking/setup.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ CLASSIFIERS = [
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
     'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
-],
+]
 
 PACKAGE_DIRECTORIES = {
     '': '.',
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_reflection/setup.py b/src/python/grpcio_reflection/setup.py
index bed2311b59..9360550afb 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_reflection/setup.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_reflection/setup.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ CLASSIFIERS = [
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
     'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
-],
+]
 
 PACKAGE_DIRECTORIES = {
     '': '.',
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_testing/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_testing/__init__.py
index 917e11808e..994274500c 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_testing/__init__.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_testing/__init__.py
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ class StreamStreamChannelRpc(six.with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
 
-class Channel(six.with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta), grpc.Channel):
+class Channel(six.with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta, grpc.Channel)):
     """A grpc.Channel double with which to test a system that invokes RPCs."""
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_version.py b/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_version.py
index 41a75d46f6..592d08efc3 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_version.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_version.py
@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-# AUTO-GENERATED FROM `$REPO_ROOT/templates/src/python/grpcio_reflection/grpc_version.py.template`!!!
+# AUTO-GENERATED FROM `$REPO_ROOT/templates/src/python/grpcio_testing/grpc_version.py.template`!!!
 
-VERSION = '1.5.0.dev0'
+VERSION='1.7.0.dev0'
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/commands.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/commands.py
index 162200112a..93f84572b7 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/commands.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/commands.py
@@ -67,55 +67,6 @@ class GatherProto(setuptools.Command):
             open(path, 'a').close()
 
 
-class BuildProtoModules(setuptools.Command):
-    """Command to generate project *_pb2.py modules from proto files."""
-
-    description = 'build protobuf modules'
-    user_options = [
-        ('include=', None, 'path patterns to include in protobuf generation'),
-        ('exclude=', None, 'path patterns to exclude from protobuf generation')
-    ]
-
-    def initialize_options(self):
-        self.exclude = None
-        self.include = r'.*\.proto$'
-
-    def finalize_options(self):
-        pass
-
-    def run(self):
-        import grpc_tools.protoc as protoc
-
-        include_regex = re.compile(self.include)
-        exclude_regex = re.compile(self.exclude) if self.exclude else None
-        paths = []
-        for walk_root, directories, filenames in os.walk(PROTO_STEM):
-            for filename in filenames:
-                path = os.path.join(walk_root, filename)
-                if include_regex.match(path) and not (
-                        exclude_regex and exclude_regex.match(path)):
-                    paths.append(path)
-
-        # TODO(kpayson): It would be nice to do this in a batch command,
-        # but we currently have name conflicts in src/proto
-        for path in paths:
-            command = [
-                'grpc_tools.protoc',
-                '-I {}'.format(PROTO_STEM),
-                '--python_out={}'.format(PROTO_STEM),
-                '--grpc_python_out={}'.format(PROTO_STEM),
-            ] + [path]
-            if protoc.main(command) != 0:
-                sys.stderr.write(
-                    'warning: Command:\n{}\nFailed'.format(command))
-
-        # Generated proto directories dont include __init__.py, but
-        # these are needed for python package resolution
-        for walk_root, _, _ in os.walk(PROTO_STEM):
-            path = os.path.join(walk_root, '__init__.py')
-            open(path, 'a').close()
-
-
 class BuildPy(build_py.build_py):
     """Custom project build command."""
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_messages/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/_sanity/__init__.py
index 5772620b60..5772620b60 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_messages/__init__.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/_sanity/__init__.py
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_sanity/_sanity_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/_sanity/_sanity_test.py
index 19bc8801eb..b4079850ff 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_sanity/_sanity_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/_sanity/_sanity_test.py
@@ -21,24 +21,25 @@ import six
 import tests
 
 
-class Sanity(unittest.TestCase):
+class SanityTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    maxDiff = 32768
 
     def testTestsJsonUpToDate(self):
         """Autodiscovers all test suites and checks that tests.json is up to date"""
         loader = tests.Loader()
         loader.loadTestsFromNames(['tests'])
-        test_suite_names = [
+        test_suite_names = sorted({
             test_case_class.id().rsplit('.', 1)[0]
             for test_case_class in tests._loader.iterate_suite_cases(
                 loader.suite)
-        ]
-        test_suite_names = sorted(set(test_suite_names))
+        })
 
         tests_json_string = pkg_resources.resource_string('tests', 'tests.json')
-        if six.PY3:
-            tests_json_string = tests_json_string.decode()
-        tests_json = json.loads(tests_json_string)
-        self.assertListEqual(test_suite_names, tests_json)
+        tests_json = json.loads(tests_json_string.decode()
+                                if six.PY3 else tests_json_string)
+
+        self.assertSequenceEqual(tests_json, test_suite_names)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/http2/negative_http2_client.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/http2/negative_http2_client.py
index 6d8a6bce77..8dab5b67f1 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/http2/negative_http2_client.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/http2/negative_http2_client.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import argparse
 
 import grpc
 import time
-from src.proto.grpc.testing import test_pb2
+from src.proto.grpc.testing import test_pb2_grpc
 from src.proto.grpc.testing import messages_pb2
 
 
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def _stub(server_host, server_port):
     target = '{}:{}'.format(server_host, server_port)
     channel = grpc.insecure_channel(target)
     grpc.channel_ready_future(channel).result()
-    return test_pb2.TestServiceStub(channel)
+    return test_pb2_grpc.TestServiceStub(channel)
 
 
 def main():
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/interop/client.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/interop/client.py
index 47ae96472d..e520c08290 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/interop/client.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/interop/client.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import os
 from google import auth as google_auth
 from google.auth import jwt as google_auth_jwt
 import grpc
-from src.proto.grpc.testing import test_pb2
+from src.proto.grpc.testing import test_pb2_grpc
 
 from tests.interop import methods
 from tests.interop import resources
@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ def _stub(args):
     else:
         channel = grpc.insecure_channel(target)
     if args.test_case == "unimplemented_service":
-        return test_pb2.UnimplementedServiceStub(channel)
+        return test_pb2_grpc.UnimplementedServiceStub(channel)
     else:
-        return test_pb2.TestServiceStub(channel)
+        return test_pb2_grpc.TestServiceStub(channel)
 
 
 def _test_case_from_arg(test_case_arg):
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_python_plugin_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_python_plugin_test.py
index 71493bfec6..5b84001aab 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_python_plugin_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_python_plugin_test.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from tests.unit.framework.common import test_constants
 import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.payload.test_payload_pb2 as payload_pb2
 import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.requests.r.test_requests_pb2 as request_pb2
 import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.responses.test_responses_pb2 as response_pb2
-import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.service.test_service_pb2 as service_pb2
+import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.service.test_service_pb2_grpc as service_pb2_grpc
 
 # Identifiers of entities we expect to find in the generated module.
 STUB_IDENTIFIER = 'TestServiceStub'
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ def _CreateService():
   """
     servicer_methods = _ServicerMethods()
 
-    class Servicer(getattr(service_pb2, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER)):
+    class Servicer(getattr(service_pb2_grpc, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER)):
 
         def UnaryCall(self, request, context):
             return servicer_methods.UnaryCall(request, context)
@@ -157,11 +157,12 @@ def _CreateService():
 
     server = grpc.server(
         futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=test_constants.POOL_SIZE))
-    getattr(service_pb2, ADD_SERVICER_TO_SERVER_IDENTIFIER)(Servicer(), server)
+    getattr(service_pb2_grpc, ADD_SERVICER_TO_SERVER_IDENTIFIER)(Servicer(),
+                                                                 server)
     port = server.add_insecure_port('[::]:0')
     server.start()
     channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:{}'.format(port))
-    stub = getattr(service_pb2, STUB_IDENTIFIER)(channel)
+    stub = getattr(service_pb2_grpc, STUB_IDENTIFIER)(channel)
     return _Service(servicer_methods, server, stub)
 
 
@@ -173,16 +174,17 @@ def _CreateIncompleteService():
       servicer_methods implements none of the methods required of it.
   """
 
-    class Servicer(getattr(service_pb2, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER)):
+    class Servicer(getattr(service_pb2_grpc, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER)):
         pass
 
     server = grpc.server(
         futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=test_constants.POOL_SIZE))
-    getattr(service_pb2, ADD_SERVICER_TO_SERVER_IDENTIFIER)(Servicer(), server)
+    getattr(service_pb2_grpc, ADD_SERVICER_TO_SERVER_IDENTIFIER)(Servicer(),
+                                                                 server)
     port = server.add_insecure_port('[::]:0')
     server.start()
     channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:{}'.format(port))
-    stub = getattr(service_pb2, STUB_IDENTIFIER)(channel)
+    stub = getattr(service_pb2_grpc, STUB_IDENTIFIER)(channel)
     return _Service(None, server, stub)
 
 
@@ -223,10 +225,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def testImportAttributes(self):
         # check that we can access the generated module and its members.
-        self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(service_pb2, STUB_IDENTIFIER, None))
-        self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(service_pb2, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER, None))
+        self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(service_pb2_grpc, STUB_IDENTIFIER, None))
         self.assertIsNotNone(
-            getattr(service_pb2, ADD_SERVICER_TO_SERVER_IDENTIFIER, None))
+            getattr(service_pb2_grpc, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER, None))
+        self.assertIsNotNone(
+            getattr(service_pb2_grpc, ADD_SERVICER_TO_SERVER_IDENTIFIER, None))
 
     def testUpDown(self):
         service = _CreateService()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_split_definitions_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_split_definitions_test.py
index 1aeb62a7c5..7868cdbfb3 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_split_definitions_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/_split_definitions_test.py
@@ -12,22 +12,20 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-import collections
+import abc
 from concurrent import futures
 import contextlib
-import distutils.spawn
-import errno
 import importlib
 import os
-import os.path
+from os import path
 import pkgutil
+import platform
 import shutil
-import subprocess
 import sys
 import tempfile
-import threading
 import unittest
-import platform
+
+import six
 
 import grpc
 from grpc_tools import protoc
@@ -37,292 +35,285 @@ _MESSAGES_IMPORT = b'import "messages.proto";'
 _SPLIT_NAMESPACE = b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.split;'
 _COMMON_NAMESPACE = b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing;'
 
+_RELATIVE_PROTO_PATH = 'relative_proto_path'
+_RELATIVE_PYTHON_OUT = 'relative_python_out'
+
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def _system_path(path):
+def _system_path(path_insertion):
     old_system_path = sys.path[:]
-    sys.path = sys.path[0:1] + path + sys.path[1:]
+    sys.path = sys.path[0:1] + path_insertion + sys.path[1:]
     yield
     sys.path = old_system_path
 
 
-class DummySplitServicer(object):
+# NOTE(nathaniel): https://twitter.com/exoplaneteer/status/677259364256747520
+# Life lesson "just always default to idempotence" reinforced.
+def _create_directory_tree(root, path_components_sequence):
+    created = set()
+    for path_components in path_components_sequence:
+        thus_far = ''
+        for path_component in path_components:
+            relative_path = path.join(thus_far, path_component)
+            if relative_path not in created:
+                os.makedirs(path.join(root, relative_path))
+                created.add(relative_path)
+            thus_far = path.join(thus_far, path_component)
+
+
+def _massage_proto_content(proto_content, test_name_bytes,
+                           messages_proto_relative_file_name_bytes):
+    package_substitution = (b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.' +
+                            test_name_bytes + b';')
+    common_namespace_substituted = proto_content.replace(_COMMON_NAMESPACE,
+                                                         package_substitution)
+    split_namespace_substituted = common_namespace_substituted.replace(
+        _SPLIT_NAMESPACE, package_substitution)
+    message_import_replaced = split_namespace_substituted.replace(
+        _MESSAGES_IMPORT,
+        b'import "' + messages_proto_relative_file_name_bytes + b'";')
+    return message_import_replaced
+
+
+def _packagify(directory):
+    for subdirectory, _, _ in os.walk(directory):
+        init_file_name = path.join(subdirectory, '__init__.py')
+        with open(init_file_name, 'wb') as init_file:
+            init_file.write(b'')
 
-    def __init__(self, request_class, response_class):
-        self.request_class = request_class
-        self.response_class = response_class
+
+class _Servicer(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, response_class):
+        self._response_class = response_class
 
     def Call(self, request, context):
-        return self.response_class()
+        return self._response_class()
 
 
-class SeparateTestMixin(object):
+def _protoc(proto_path, python_out, grpc_python_out_flag, grpc_python_out,
+            absolute_proto_file_names):
+    args = [
+        '',
+        '--proto_path={}'.format(proto_path),
+    ]
+    if python_out is not None:
+        args.append('--python_out={}'.format(python_out))
+    if grpc_python_out is not None:
+        args.append('--grpc_python_out={}:{}'.format(grpc_python_out_flag,
+                                                     grpc_python_out))
+    args.extend(absolute_proto_file_names)
+    return protoc.main(args)
 
-    def testImportAttributes(self):
-        with _system_path([self.python_out_directory]):
-            pb2 = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_import)
-        pb2.Request
-        pb2.Response
-        if self.should_find_services_in_pb2:
-            pb2.TestServiceServicer
-        else:
-            with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
-                pb2.TestServiceServicer
-
-        with _system_path([self.grpc_python_out_directory]):
-            pb2_grpc = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_grpc_import)
-        pb2_grpc.TestServiceServicer
-        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
-            pb2_grpc.Request
-        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
-            pb2_grpc.Response
-
-    def testCall(self):
-        with _system_path([self.python_out_directory]):
-            pb2 = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_import)
-        with _system_path([self.grpc_python_out_directory]):
-            pb2_grpc = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_grpc_import)
-        server = grpc.server(
-            futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=test_constants.POOL_SIZE))
-        pb2_grpc.add_TestServiceServicer_to_server(
-            DummySplitServicer(pb2.Request, pb2.Response), server)
-        port = server.add_insecure_port('[::]:0')
-        server.start()
-        channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:{}'.format(port))
-        stub = pb2_grpc.TestServiceStub(channel)
-        request = pb2.Request()
-        expected_response = pb2.Response()
-        response = stub.Call(request)
-        self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
-
-
-class CommonTestMixin(object):
-
-    def testImportAttributes(self):
-        with _system_path([self.python_out_directory]):
-            pb2 = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_import)
-        pb2.Request
-        pb2.Response
-        if self.should_find_services_in_pb2:
-            pb2.TestServiceServicer
-        else:
-            with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
-                pb2.TestServiceServicer
-
-        with _system_path([self.grpc_python_out_directory]):
-            pb2_grpc = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_grpc_import)
-        pb2_grpc.TestServiceServicer
-        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
-            pb2_grpc.Request
-        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
-            pb2_grpc.Response
-
-    def testCall(self):
-        with _system_path([self.python_out_directory]):
-            pb2 = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_import)
-        with _system_path([self.grpc_python_out_directory]):
-            pb2_grpc = importlib.import_module(self.pb2_grpc_import)
-        server = grpc.server(
-            futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=test_constants.POOL_SIZE))
-        pb2_grpc.add_TestServiceServicer_to_server(
-            DummySplitServicer(pb2.Request, pb2.Response), server)
-        port = server.add_insecure_port('[::]:0')
-        server.start()
-        channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:{}'.format(port))
-        stub = pb2_grpc.TestServiceStub(channel)
-        request = pb2.Request()
-        expected_response = pb2.Response()
-        response = stub.Call(request)
-        self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
-
-
-@unittest.skipIf(platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy",
-                 "Skip test if run with PyPy")
-class SameSeparateTest(unittest.TestCase, SeparateTestMixin):
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        same_proto_contents = pkgutil.get_data(
-            'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing', 'same.proto')
-        self.directory = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix='same_separate', dir='.')
-        self.proto_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'proto_path')
-        self.python_out_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'python_out')
-        self.grpc_python_out_directory = os.path.join(self.directory,
-                                                      'grpc_python_out')
-        os.makedirs(self.proto_directory)
-        os.makedirs(self.python_out_directory)
-        os.makedirs(self.grpc_python_out_directory)
-        same_proto_file = os.path.join(self.proto_directory,
-                                       'same_separate.proto')
-        open(same_proto_file, 'wb').write(
-            same_proto_contents.replace(
-                _COMMON_NAMESPACE,
-                b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.same_separate;'))
-        protoc_result = protoc.main([
-            '',
-            '--proto_path={}'.format(self.proto_directory),
-            '--python_out={}'.format(self.python_out_directory),
-            '--grpc_python_out=grpc_2_0:{}'.format(
-                self.grpc_python_out_directory),
-            same_proto_file,
-        ])
-        if protoc_result != 0:
-            raise Exception("unexpected protoc error")
-        open(os.path.join(self.grpc_python_out_directory, '__init__.py'),
-             'w').write('')
-        open(os.path.join(self.python_out_directory, '__init__.py'),
-             'w').write('')
-        self.pb2_import = 'same_separate_pb2'
-        self.pb2_grpc_import = 'same_separate_pb2_grpc'
-        self.should_find_services_in_pb2 = False
+class _Mid2016ProtocStyle(object):
 
-    def tearDown(self):
-        shutil.rmtree(self.directory)
+    def name(self):
+        return 'Mid2016ProtocStyle'
 
+    def grpc_in_pb2_expected(self):
+        return True
 
-@unittest.skipIf(platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy",
-                 "Skip test if run with PyPy")
-class SameCommonTest(unittest.TestCase, CommonTestMixin):
+    def protoc(self, proto_path, python_out, absolute_proto_file_names):
+        return (_protoc(proto_path, python_out, 'grpc_1_0', python_out,
+                        absolute_proto_file_names),)
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        same_proto_contents = pkgutil.get_data(
-            'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing', 'same.proto')
-        self.directory = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix='same_common', dir='.')
-        self.proto_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'proto_path')
-        self.python_out_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'python_out')
-        self.grpc_python_out_directory = self.python_out_directory
-        os.makedirs(self.proto_directory)
-        os.makedirs(self.python_out_directory)
-        same_proto_file = os.path.join(self.proto_directory,
-                                       'same_common.proto')
-        open(same_proto_file, 'wb').write(
-            same_proto_contents.replace(
-                _COMMON_NAMESPACE,
-                b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.same_common;'))
-
-        protoc_result = protoc.main([
-            '',
-            '--proto_path={}'.format(self.proto_directory),
-            '--python_out={}'.format(self.python_out_directory),
-            '--grpc_python_out={}'.format(self.grpc_python_out_directory),
-            same_proto_file,
-        ])
-        if protoc_result != 0:
-            raise Exception("unexpected protoc error")
-        open(os.path.join(self.python_out_directory, '__init__.py'),
-             'w').write('')
-        self.pb2_import = 'same_common_pb2'
-        self.pb2_grpc_import = 'same_common_pb2_grpc'
-        self.should_find_services_in_pb2 = True
 
-    def tearDown(self):
-        shutil.rmtree(self.directory)
+class _SingleProtocExecutionProtocStyle(object):
 
+    def name(self):
+        return 'SingleProtocExecutionProtocStyle'
 
-@unittest.skipIf(platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy",
-                 "Skip test if run with PyPy")
-class SplitCommonTest(unittest.TestCase, CommonTestMixin):
+    def grpc_in_pb2_expected(self):
+        return False
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        services_proto_contents = pkgutil.get_data(
-            'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing.split_services',
-            'services.proto')
-        messages_proto_contents = pkgutil.get_data(
-            'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing.split_messages',
-            'messages.proto')
-        self.directory = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix='split_common', dir='.')
-        self.proto_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'proto_path')
-        self.python_out_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'python_out')
-        self.grpc_python_out_directory = self.python_out_directory
-        os.makedirs(self.proto_directory)
-        os.makedirs(self.python_out_directory)
-        services_proto_file = os.path.join(self.proto_directory,
-                                           'split_common_services.proto')
-        messages_proto_file = os.path.join(self.proto_directory,
-                                           'split_common_messages.proto')
-        open(services_proto_file, 'wb').write(
-            services_proto_contents.replace(
-                _MESSAGES_IMPORT, b'import "split_common_messages.proto";')
-            .replace(
-                _SPLIT_NAMESPACE,
-                b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.split_common;'))
-        open(messages_proto_file, 'wb').write(
-            messages_proto_contents.replace(
-                _SPLIT_NAMESPACE,
-                b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.split_common;'))
-        protoc_result = protoc.main([
-            '',
-            '--proto_path={}'.format(self.proto_directory),
-            '--python_out={}'.format(self.python_out_directory),
-            '--grpc_python_out={}'.format(self.grpc_python_out_directory),
-            services_proto_file,
-            messages_proto_file,
-        ])
-        if protoc_result != 0:
-            raise Exception("unexpected protoc error")
-        open(os.path.join(self.python_out_directory, '__init__.py'),
-             'w').write('')
-        self.pb2_import = 'split_common_messages_pb2'
-        self.pb2_grpc_import = 'split_common_services_pb2_grpc'
-        self.should_find_services_in_pb2 = False
+    def protoc(self, proto_path, python_out, absolute_proto_file_names):
+        return (_protoc(proto_path, python_out, 'grpc_2_0', python_out,
+                        absolute_proto_file_names),)
+
+
+class _ProtoBeforeGrpcProtocStyle(object):
+
+    def name(self):
+        return 'ProtoBeforeGrpcProtocStyle'
+
+    def grpc_in_pb2_expected(self):
+        return False
+
+    def protoc(self, proto_path, python_out, absolute_proto_file_names):
+        pb2_protoc_exit_code = _protoc(proto_path, python_out, None, None,
+                                       absolute_proto_file_names)
+        pb2_grpc_protoc_exit_code = _protoc(
+            proto_path, None, 'grpc_2_0', python_out, absolute_proto_file_names)
+        return pb2_protoc_exit_code, pb2_grpc_protoc_exit_code,
 
-    def tearDown(self):
-        shutil.rmtree(self.directory)
 
+class _GrpcBeforeProtoProtocStyle(object):
 
-@unittest.skipIf(platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy",
-                 "Skip test if run with PyPy")
-class SplitSeparateTest(unittest.TestCase, SeparateTestMixin):
+    def name(self):
+        return 'GrpcBeforeProtoProtocStyle'
+
+    def grpc_in_pb2_expected(self):
+        return False
+
+    def protoc(self, proto_path, python_out, absolute_proto_file_names):
+        pb2_grpc_protoc_exit_code = _protoc(
+            proto_path, None, 'grpc_2_0', python_out, absolute_proto_file_names)
+        pb2_protoc_exit_code = _protoc(proto_path, python_out, None, None,
+                                       absolute_proto_file_names)
+        return pb2_grpc_protoc_exit_code, pb2_protoc_exit_code,
+
+
+_PROTOC_STYLES = (_Mid2016ProtocStyle(), _SingleProtocExecutionProtocStyle(),
+                  _ProtoBeforeGrpcProtocStyle(), _GrpcBeforeProtoProtocStyle(),)
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(platform.python_implementation() == 'PyPy',
+                 'Skip test if run with PyPy!')
+class _Test(six.with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta, unittest.TestCase)):
 
     def setUp(self):
-        services_proto_contents = pkgutil.get_data(
-            'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing.split_services',
-            'services.proto')
-        messages_proto_contents = pkgutil.get_data(
-            'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing.split_messages',
-            'messages.proto')
-        self.directory = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix='split_separate', dir='.')
-        self.proto_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'proto_path')
-        self.python_out_directory = os.path.join(self.directory, 'python_out')
-        self.grpc_python_out_directory = os.path.join(self.directory,
-                                                      'grpc_python_out')
-        os.makedirs(self.proto_directory)
-        os.makedirs(self.python_out_directory)
-        os.makedirs(self.grpc_python_out_directory)
-        services_proto_file = os.path.join(self.proto_directory,
-                                           'split_separate_services.proto')
-        messages_proto_file = os.path.join(self.proto_directory,
-                                           'split_separate_messages.proto')
-        open(services_proto_file, 'wb').write(
-            services_proto_contents.replace(
-                _MESSAGES_IMPORT, b'import "split_separate_messages.proto";')
-            .replace(
-                _SPLIT_NAMESPACE,
-                b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.split_separate;'
-            ))
-        open(messages_proto_file, 'wb').write(
-            messages_proto_contents.replace(
-                _SPLIT_NAMESPACE,
-                b'package grpc_protoc_plugin.invocation_testing.split_separate;'
-            ))
-        protoc_result = protoc.main([
-            '',
-            '--proto_path={}'.format(self.proto_directory),
-            '--python_out={}'.format(self.python_out_directory),
-            '--grpc_python_out=grpc_2_0:{}'.format(
-                self.grpc_python_out_directory),
-            services_proto_file,
-            messages_proto_file,
-        ])
-        if protoc_result != 0:
-            raise Exception("unexpected protoc error")
-        open(os.path.join(self.python_out_directory, '__init__.py'),
-             'w').write('')
-        self.pb2_import = 'split_separate_messages_pb2'
-        self.pb2_grpc_import = 'split_separate_services_pb2_grpc'
-        self.should_find_services_in_pb2 = False
+        self._directory = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix=self.NAME, dir='.')
+        self._proto_path = path.join(self._directory, _RELATIVE_PROTO_PATH)
+        self._python_out = path.join(self._directory, _RELATIVE_PYTHON_OUT)
+
+        os.makedirs(self._proto_path)
+        os.makedirs(self._python_out)
+
+        proto_directories_and_names = {
+            (self.MESSAGES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES,
+             self.MESSAGES_PROTO_FILE_NAME,),
+            (self.SERVICES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES,
+             self.SERVICES_PROTO_FILE_NAME,),
+        }
+        messages_proto_relative_file_name_forward_slashes = '/'.join(
+            self.MESSAGES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES + (
+                self.MESSAGES_PROTO_FILE_NAME,))
+        _create_directory_tree(self._proto_path, (
+            relative_proto_directory_names
+            for relative_proto_directory_names, _ in proto_directories_and_names
+        ))
+        self._absolute_proto_file_names = set()
+        for relative_directory_names, file_name in proto_directories_and_names:
+            absolute_proto_file_name = path.join(
+                self._proto_path, *relative_directory_names + (file_name,))
+            raw_proto_content = pkgutil.get_data(
+                'tests.protoc_plugin.protos.invocation_testing',
+                path.join(*relative_directory_names + (file_name,)))
+            massaged_proto_content = _massage_proto_content(
+                raw_proto_content,
+                self.NAME.encode(),
+                messages_proto_relative_file_name_forward_slashes.encode())
+            with open(absolute_proto_file_name, 'wb') as proto_file:
+                proto_file.write(massaged_proto_content)
+            self._absolute_proto_file_names.add(absolute_proto_file_name)
 
     def tearDown(self):
-        shutil.rmtree(self.directory)
+        shutil.rmtree(self._directory)
+
+    def _protoc(self):
+        protoc_exit_codes = self.PROTOC_STYLE.protoc(
+            self._proto_path, self._python_out, self._absolute_proto_file_names)
+        for protoc_exit_code in protoc_exit_codes:
+            self.assertEqual(0, protoc_exit_code)
+
+        _packagify(self._python_out)
+
+        generated_modules = {}
+        expected_generated_full_module_names = {
+            self.EXPECTED_MESSAGES_PB2,
+            self.EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2,
+            self.EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2_GRPC,
+        }
+        with _system_path([self._python_out]):
+            for full_module_name in expected_generated_full_module_names:
+                module = importlib.import_module(full_module_name)
+                generated_modules[full_module_name] = module
+
+        self._messages_pb2 = generated_modules[self.EXPECTED_MESSAGES_PB2]
+        self._services_pb2 = generated_modules[self.EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2]
+        self._services_pb2_grpc = generated_modules[
+            self.EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2_GRPC]
+
+    def _services_modules(self):
+        if self.PROTOC_STYLE.grpc_in_pb2_expected():
+            return self._services_pb2, self._services_pb2_grpc,
+        else:
+            return self._services_pb2_grpc,
+
+    def test_imported_attributes(self):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        self._messages_pb2.Request
+        self._messages_pb2.Response
+        self._services_pb2.DESCRIPTOR.services_by_name['TestService']
+        for services_module in self._services_modules():
+            services_module.TestServiceStub
+            services_module.TestServiceServicer
+            services_module.add_TestServiceServicer_to_server
+
+    def test_call(self):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        for services_module in self._services_modules():
+            server = grpc.server(
+                futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(
+                    max_workers=test_constants.POOL_SIZE))
+            services_module.add_TestServiceServicer_to_server(
+                _Servicer(self._messages_pb2.Response), server)
+            port = server.add_insecure_port('[::]:0')
+            server.start()
+            channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:{}'.format(port))
+            stub = services_module.TestServiceStub(channel)
+            response = stub.Call(self._messages_pb2.Request())
+            self.assertEqual(self._messages_pb2.Response(), response)
+
+
+def _create_test_case_class(split_proto, protoc_style):
+    attributes = {}
+
+    name = '{}{}'.format('SplitProto' if split_proto else 'SameProto',
+                         protoc_style.name())
+    attributes['NAME'] = name
+
+    if split_proto:
+        attributes['MESSAGES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES'] = (
+            'split_messages', 'sub',)
+        attributes['MESSAGES_PROTO_FILE_NAME'] = 'messages.proto'
+        attributes['SERVICES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES'] = (
+            'split_services',)
+        attributes['SERVICES_PROTO_FILE_NAME'] = 'services.proto'
+        attributes['EXPECTED_MESSAGES_PB2'] = 'split_messages.sub.messages_pb2'
+        attributes['EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2'] = 'split_services.services_pb2'
+        attributes['EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2_GRPC'] = (
+            'split_services.services_pb2_grpc')
+    else:
+        attributes['MESSAGES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES'] = ()
+        attributes['MESSAGES_PROTO_FILE_NAME'] = 'same.proto'
+        attributes['SERVICES_PROTO_RELATIVE_DIRECTORY_NAMES'] = ()
+        attributes['SERVICES_PROTO_FILE_NAME'] = 'same.proto'
+        attributes['EXPECTED_MESSAGES_PB2'] = 'same_pb2'
+        attributes['EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2'] = 'same_pb2'
+        attributes['EXPECTED_SERVICES_PB2_GRPC'] = 'same_pb2_grpc'
+
+    attributes['PROTOC_STYLE'] = protoc_style
+
+    attributes['__module__'] = _Test.__module__
+
+    return type('{}Test'.format(name), (_Test,), attributes)
+
+
+def _create_test_case_classes():
+    for split_proto in (False, True,):
+        for protoc_style in _PROTOC_STYLES:
+            yield _create_test_case_class(split_proto, protoc_style)
+
+
+def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
+    tests = tuple(
+        loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(test_case_class)
+        for test_case_class in _create_test_case_classes())
+    return unittest.TestSuite(tests=tests)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/beta_python_plugin_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/beta_python_plugin_test.py
index 83f21ecbbb..424b153ff8 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/beta_python_plugin_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/beta_python_plugin_test.py
@@ -12,19 +12,15 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-import argparse
 import contextlib
-import distutils.spawn
-import errno
-import itertools
+import importlib
 import os
-import pkg_resources
+from os import path
+import pkgutil
 import shutil
-import subprocess
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import threading
-import time
 import unittest
 
 from six import moves
@@ -33,12 +29,22 @@ from grpc.beta import implementations
 from grpc.beta import interfaces
 from grpc.framework.foundation import future
 from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+from grpc_tools import protoc
 from tests.unit.framework.common import test_constants
 
-import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.payload.test_payload_pb2 as payload_pb2
-import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.requests.r.test_requests_pb2 as request_pb2
-import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.responses.test_responses_pb2 as response_pb2
-import tests.protoc_plugin.protos.service.test_service_pb2 as service_pb2
+_RELATIVE_PROTO_PATH = 'relative_proto_path'
+_RELATIVE_PYTHON_OUT = 'relative_python_out'
+
+_PROTO_FILES_PATH_COMPONENTS = (
+    ('beta_grpc_plugin_test', 'payload', 'test_payload.proto',),
+    ('beta_grpc_plugin_test', 'requests', 'r', 'test_requests.proto',),
+    ('beta_grpc_plugin_test', 'responses', 'test_responses.proto',),
+    ('beta_grpc_plugin_test', 'service', 'test_service.proto',),)
+
+_PAYLOAD_PB2 = 'beta_grpc_plugin_test.payload.test_payload_pb2'
+_REQUESTS_PB2 = 'beta_grpc_plugin_test.requests.r.test_requests_pb2'
+_RESPONSES_PB2 = 'beta_grpc_plugin_test.responses.test_responses_pb2'
+_SERVICE_PB2 = 'beta_grpc_plugin_test.service.test_service_pb2'
 
 # Identifiers of entities we expect to find in the generated module.
 SERVICER_IDENTIFIER = 'BetaTestServiceServicer'
@@ -47,12 +53,50 @@ SERVER_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER = 'beta_create_TestService_server'
 STUB_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER = 'beta_create_TestService_stub'
 
 
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def _system_path(path_insertion):
+    old_system_path = sys.path[:]
+    sys.path = sys.path[0:1] + path_insertion + sys.path[1:]
+    yield
+    sys.path = old_system_path
+
+
+def _create_directory_tree(root, path_components_sequence):
+    created = set()
+    for path_components in path_components_sequence:
+        thus_far = ''
+        for path_component in path_components:
+            relative_path = path.join(thus_far, path_component)
+            if relative_path not in created:
+                os.makedirs(path.join(root, relative_path))
+                created.add(relative_path)
+            thus_far = path.join(thus_far, path_component)
+
+
+def _massage_proto_content(raw_proto_content):
+    imports_substituted = raw_proto_content.replace(
+        b'import "tests/protoc_plugin/protos/',
+        b'import "beta_grpc_plugin_test/')
+    package_statement_substituted = imports_substituted.replace(
+        b'package grpc_protoc_plugin;', b'package beta_grpc_protoc_plugin;')
+    return package_statement_substituted
+
+
+def _packagify(directory):
+    for subdirectory, _, _ in os.walk(directory):
+        init_file_name = path.join(subdirectory, '__init__.py')
+        with open(init_file_name, 'wb') as init_file:
+            init_file.write(b'')
+
+
 class _ServicerMethods(object):
 
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, payload_pb2, responses_pb2):
         self._condition = threading.Condition()
         self._paused = False
         self._fail = False
+        self._payload_pb2 = payload_pb2
+        self._responses_pb2 = responses_pb2
 
     @contextlib.contextmanager
     def pause(self):  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
@@ -79,22 +123,22 @@ class _ServicerMethods(object):
                 self._condition.wait()
 
     def UnaryCall(self, request, unused_rpc_context):
-        response = response_pb2.SimpleResponse()
-        response.payload.payload_type = payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
+        response = self._responses_pb2.SimpleResponse()
+        response.payload.payload_type = self._payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
         response.payload.payload_compressable = 'a' * request.response_size
         self._control()
         return response
 
     def StreamingOutputCall(self, request, unused_rpc_context):
         for parameter in request.response_parameters:
-            response = response_pb2.StreamingOutputCallResponse()
-            response.payload.payload_type = payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
+            response = self._responses_pb2.StreamingOutputCallResponse()
+            response.payload.payload_type = self._payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
             response.payload.payload_compressable = 'a' * parameter.size
             self._control()
             yield response
 
     def StreamingInputCall(self, request_iter, unused_rpc_context):
-        response = response_pb2.StreamingInputCallResponse()
+        response = self._responses_pb2.StreamingInputCallResponse()
         aggregated_payload_size = 0
         for request in request_iter:
             aggregated_payload_size += len(request.payload.payload_compressable)
@@ -105,8 +149,8 @@ class _ServicerMethods(object):
     def FullDuplexCall(self, request_iter, unused_rpc_context):
         for request in request_iter:
             for parameter in request.response_parameters:
-                response = response_pb2.StreamingOutputCallResponse()
-                response.payload.payload_type = payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
+                response = self._responses_pb2.StreamingOutputCallResponse()
+                response.payload.payload_type = self._payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
                 response.payload.payload_compressable = 'a' * parameter.size
                 self._control()
                 yield response
@@ -115,8 +159,8 @@ class _ServicerMethods(object):
         responses = []
         for request in request_iter:
             for parameter in request.response_parameters:
-                response = response_pb2.StreamingOutputCallResponse()
-                response.payload.payload_type = payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
+                response = self._responses_pb2.StreamingOutputCallResponse()
+                response.payload.payload_type = self._payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
                 response.payload.payload_compressable = 'a' * parameter.size
                 self._control()
                 responses.append(response)
@@ -125,7 +169,7 @@ class _ServicerMethods(object):
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def _CreateService():
+def _CreateService(payload_pb2, responses_pb2, service_pb2):
     """Provides a servicer backend and a stub.
 
   The servicer is just the implementation of the actual servicer passed to the
@@ -136,7 +180,7 @@ def _CreateService():
       the service bound to the stub and and stub is the stub on which to invoke
       RPCs.
   """
-    servicer_methods = _ServicerMethods()
+    servicer_methods = _ServicerMethods(payload_pb2, responses_pb2)
 
     class Servicer(getattr(service_pb2, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER)):
 
@@ -161,12 +205,12 @@ def _CreateService():
     server.start()
     channel = implementations.insecure_channel('localhost', port)
     stub = getattr(service_pb2, STUB_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER)(channel)
-    yield (servicer_methods, stub)
+    yield servicer_methods, stub,
     server.stop(0)
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def _CreateIncompleteService():
+def _CreateIncompleteService(service_pb2):
     """Provides a servicer backend that fails to implement methods and its stub.
 
   The servicer is just the implementation of the actual servicer passed to the
@@ -192,16 +236,16 @@ def _CreateIncompleteService():
     server.stop(0)
 
 
-def _streaming_input_request_iterator():
+def _streaming_input_request_iterator(payload_pb2, requests_pb2):
     for _ in range(3):
-        request = request_pb2.StreamingInputCallRequest()
+        request = requests_pb2.StreamingInputCallRequest()
         request.payload.payload_type = payload_pb2.COMPRESSABLE
         request.payload.payload_compressable = 'a'
         yield request
 
 
-def _streaming_output_request():
-    request = request_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
+def _streaming_output_request(requests_pb2):
+    request = requests_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
     sizes = [1, 2, 3]
     request.response_parameters.add(size=sizes[0], interval_us=0)
     request.response_parameters.add(size=sizes[1], interval_us=0)
@@ -209,11 +253,11 @@ def _streaming_output_request():
     return request
 
 
-def _full_duplex_request_iterator():
-    request = request_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
+def _full_duplex_request_iterator(requests_pb2):
+    request = requests_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
     request.response_parameters.add(size=1, interval_us=0)
     yield request
-    request = request_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
+    request = requests_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
     request.response_parameters.add(size=2, interval_us=0)
     request.response_parameters.add(size=3, interval_us=0)
     yield request
@@ -227,22 +271,78 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
   methods and does not exist for response-streaming methods.
   """
 
+    def setUp(self):
+        self._directory = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir='.')
+        self._proto_path = path.join(self._directory, _RELATIVE_PROTO_PATH)
+        self._python_out = path.join(self._directory, _RELATIVE_PYTHON_OUT)
+
+        os.makedirs(self._proto_path)
+        os.makedirs(self._python_out)
+
+        directories_path_components = {
+            proto_file_path_components[:-1]
+            for proto_file_path_components in _PROTO_FILES_PATH_COMPONENTS
+        }
+        _create_directory_tree(self._proto_path, directories_path_components)
+        self._proto_file_names = set()
+        for proto_file_path_components in _PROTO_FILES_PATH_COMPONENTS:
+            raw_proto_content = pkgutil.get_data(
+                'tests.protoc_plugin.protos',
+                path.join(*proto_file_path_components[1:]))
+            massaged_proto_content = _massage_proto_content(raw_proto_content)
+            proto_file_name = path.join(self._proto_path,
+                                        *proto_file_path_components)
+            with open(proto_file_name, 'wb') as proto_file:
+                proto_file.write(massaged_proto_content)
+            self._proto_file_names.add(proto_file_name)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        shutil.rmtree(self._directory)
+
+    def _protoc(self):
+        args = [
+            '',
+            '--proto_path={}'.format(self._proto_path),
+            '--python_out={}'.format(self._python_out),
+            '--grpc_python_out=grpc_1_0:{}'.format(self._python_out),
+        ] + list(self._proto_file_names)
+        protoc_exit_code = protoc.main(args)
+        self.assertEqual(0, protoc_exit_code)
+
+        _packagify(self._python_out)
+
+        with _system_path([
+                self._python_out,
+        ]):
+            self._payload_pb2 = importlib.import_module(_PAYLOAD_PB2)
+            self._requests_pb2 = importlib.import_module(_REQUESTS_PB2)
+            self._responses_pb2 = importlib.import_module(_RESPONSES_PB2)
+            self._service_pb2 = importlib.import_module(_SERVICE_PB2)
+
     def testImportAttributes(self):
+        self._protoc()
+
         # check that we can access the generated module and its members.
-        self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(service_pb2, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER, None))
-        self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(service_pb2, STUB_IDENTIFIER, None))
         self.assertIsNotNone(
-            getattr(service_pb2, SERVER_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER, None))
+            getattr(self._service_pb2, SERVICER_IDENTIFIER, None))
+        self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(self._service_pb2, STUB_IDENTIFIER, None))
         self.assertIsNotNone(
-            getattr(service_pb2, STUB_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER, None))
+            getattr(self._service_pb2, SERVER_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER, None))
+        self.assertIsNotNone(
+            getattr(self._service_pb2, STUB_FACTORY_IDENTIFIER, None))
 
     def testUpDown(self):
-        with _CreateService():
-            request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2):
+            self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
 
     def testIncompleteServicer(self):
-        with _CreateIncompleteService() as (_, stub):
-            request = request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateIncompleteService(self._service_pb2) as (_, stub):
+            request = self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
             try:
                 stub.UnaryCall(request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
             except face.AbortionError as error:
@@ -250,15 +350,21 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                                  error.code)
 
     def testUnaryCall(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
             response = stub.UnaryCall(request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
         expected_response = methods.UnaryCall(request, 'not a real context!')
         self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testUnaryCallFuture(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
             # Check that the call does not block waiting for the server to respond.
             with methods.pause():
                 response_future = stub.UnaryCall.future(
@@ -268,8 +374,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testUnaryCallFutureExpired(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
             with methods.pause():
                 response_future = stub.UnaryCall.future(
                     request, test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
@@ -277,24 +386,33 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                     response_future.result()
 
     def testUnaryCallFutureCancelled(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
             with methods.pause():
                 response_future = stub.UnaryCall.future(request, 1)
                 response_future.cancel()
                 self.assertTrue(response_future.cancelled())
 
     def testUnaryCallFutureFailed(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = request_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = self._requests_pb2.SimpleRequest(response_size=13)
             with methods.fail():
                 response_future = stub.UnaryCall.future(
                     request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
                 self.assertIsNotNone(response_future.exception())
 
     def testStreamingOutputCall(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = _streaming_output_request()
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = _streaming_output_request(self._requests_pb2)
             responses = stub.StreamingOutputCall(request,
                                                  test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
             expected_responses = methods.StreamingOutputCall(
@@ -304,8 +422,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testStreamingOutputCallExpired(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = _streaming_output_request()
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = _streaming_output_request(self._requests_pb2)
             with methods.pause():
                 responses = stub.StreamingOutputCall(
                     request, test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
@@ -313,8 +434,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                     list(responses)
 
     def testStreamingOutputCallCancelled(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = _streaming_output_request()
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = _streaming_output_request(self._requests_pb2)
             responses = stub.StreamingOutputCall(request,
                                                  test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
             next(responses)
@@ -323,8 +447,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 next(responses)
 
     def testStreamingOutputCallFailed(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request = _streaming_output_request()
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request = _streaming_output_request(self._requests_pb2)
             with methods.fail():
                 responses = stub.StreamingOutputCall(request, 1)
                 self.assertIsNotNone(responses)
@@ -332,30 +459,46 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                     next(responses)
 
     def testStreamingInputCall(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             response = stub.StreamingInputCall(
-                _streaming_input_request_iterator(),
+                _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                                  self._requests_pb2),
                 test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
         expected_response = methods.StreamingInputCall(
-            _streaming_input_request_iterator(), 'not a real RpcContext!')
+            _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                              self._requests_pb2),
+            'not a real RpcContext!')
         self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testStreamingInputCallFuture(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with methods.pause():
                 response_future = stub.StreamingInputCall.future(
-                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(),
+                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                                      self._requests_pb2),
                     test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
             response = response_future.result()
         expected_response = methods.StreamingInputCall(
-            _streaming_input_request_iterator(), 'not a real RpcContext!')
+            _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                              self._requests_pb2),
+            'not a real RpcContext!')
         self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testStreamingInputCallFutureExpired(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with methods.pause():
                 response_future = stub.StreamingInputCall.future(
-                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(),
+                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                                      self._requests_pb2),
                     test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
                 with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
                     response_future.result()
@@ -363,10 +506,14 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                                       face.ExpirationError)
 
     def testStreamingInputCallFutureCancelled(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with methods.pause():
                 response_future = stub.StreamingInputCall.future(
-                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(),
+                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                                      self._requests_pb2),
                     test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
                 response_future.cancel()
                 self.assertTrue(response_future.cancelled())
@@ -374,26 +521,38 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 response_future.result()
 
     def testStreamingInputCallFutureFailed(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with methods.fail():
                 response_future = stub.StreamingInputCall.future(
-                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(),
+                    _streaming_input_request_iterator(self._payload_pb2,
+                                                      self._requests_pb2),
                     test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
                 self.assertIsNotNone(response_future.exception())
 
     def testFullDuplexCall(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            responses = stub.FullDuplexCall(_full_duplex_request_iterator(),
-                                            test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            responses = stub.FullDuplexCall(
+                _full_duplex_request_iterator(self._requests_pb2),
+                test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
             expected_responses = methods.FullDuplexCall(
-                _full_duplex_request_iterator(), 'not a real RpcContext!')
+                _full_duplex_request_iterator(self._requests_pb2),
+                'not a real RpcContext!')
             for expected_response, response in moves.zip_longest(
                     expected_responses, responses):
                 self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testFullDuplexCallExpired(self):
-        request_iterator = _full_duplex_request_iterator()
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        request_iterator = _full_duplex_request_iterator(self._requests_pb2)
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with methods.pause():
                 responses = stub.FullDuplexCall(request_iterator,
                                                 test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
@@ -401,8 +560,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                     list(responses)
 
     def testFullDuplexCallCancelled(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
-            request_iterator = _full_duplex_request_iterator()
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
+            request_iterator = _full_duplex_request_iterator(self._requests_pb2)
             responses = stub.FullDuplexCall(request_iterator,
                                             test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
             next(responses)
@@ -411,8 +573,11 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 next(responses)
 
     def testFullDuplexCallFailed(self):
-        request_iterator = _full_duplex_request_iterator()
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        request_iterator = _full_duplex_request_iterator(self._requests_pb2)
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with methods.fail():
                 responses = stub.FullDuplexCall(request_iterator,
                                                 test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
@@ -421,13 +586,16 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                     next(responses)
 
     def testHalfDuplexCall(self):
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        self._protoc()
+
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
 
             def half_duplex_request_iterator():
-                request = request_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
+                request = self._requests_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
                 request.response_parameters.add(size=1, interval_us=0)
                 yield request
-                request = request_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
+                request = self._requests_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
                 request.response_parameters.add(size=2, interval_us=0)
                 request.response_parameters.add(size=3, interval_us=0)
                 yield request
@@ -441,6 +609,8 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 self.assertEqual(expected_response, response)
 
     def testHalfDuplexCallWedged(self):
+        self._protoc()
+
         condition = threading.Condition()
         wait_cell = [False]
 
@@ -455,14 +625,15 @@ class PythonPluginTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 condition.notify_all()
 
         def half_duplex_request_iterator():
-            request = request_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
+            request = self._requests_pb2.StreamingOutputCallRequest()
             request.response_parameters.add(size=1, interval_us=0)
             yield request
             with condition:
                 while wait_cell[0]:
                     condition.wait()
 
-        with _CreateService() as (methods, stub):
+        with _CreateService(self._payload_pb2, self._responses_pb2,
+                            self._service_pb2) as (methods, stub):
             with wait():
                 responses = stub.HalfDuplexCall(half_duplex_request_iterator(),
                                                 test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_messages/messages.proto b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_messages/sub/messages.proto
index 1b780c69ba..1b780c69ba 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_messages/messages.proto
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_messages/sub/messages.proto
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_client.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_client.py
index 5f4df79c5b..17fa61ea36 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_client.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_client.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from six.moves import queue
 
 import grpc
 from src.proto.grpc.testing import messages_pb2
-from src.proto.grpc.testing import services_pb2
+from src.proto.grpc.testing import services_pb2_grpc
 from tests.unit import resources
 from tests.unit import test_common
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class BenchmarkClient:
 
         if config.payload_config.WhichOneof('payload') == 'simple_params':
             self._generic = False
-            self._stub = services_pb2.BenchmarkServiceStub(channel)
+            self._stub = services_pb2_grpc.BenchmarkServiceStub(channel)
             payload = messages_pb2.Payload(
                 body='\0' * config.payload_config.simple_params.req_size)
             self._request = messages_pb2.SimpleRequest(
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_server.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_server.py
index 05101fdc6d..bb07844491 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_server.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/qps/benchmark_server.py
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 from src.proto.grpc.testing import messages_pb2
-from src.proto.grpc.testing import services_pb2
+from src.proto.grpc.testing import services_pb2_grpc
 
 
-class BenchmarkServer(services_pb2.BenchmarkServiceServicer):
+class BenchmarkServer(services_pb2_grpc.BenchmarkServiceServicer):
     """Synchronous Server implementation for the Benchmark service."""
 
     def UnaryCall(self, request, context):
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class BenchmarkServer(services_pb2.BenchmarkServiceServicer):
             yield messages_pb2.SimpleResponse(payload=payload)
 
 
-class GenericBenchmarkServer(services_pb2.BenchmarkServiceServicer):
+class GenericBenchmarkServer(services_pb2_grpc.BenchmarkServiceServicer):
     """Generic Server implementation for the Benchmark service."""
 
     def __init__(self, resp_size):
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/client.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/client.py
index d5ff0064fd..40caa3926a 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/client.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/client.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import threading
 import grpc
 from six.moves import queue
 from src.proto.grpc.testing import metrics_pb2_grpc
-from src.proto.grpc.testing import test_pb2
+from src.proto.grpc.testing import test_pb2_grpc
 
 from tests.interop import methods
 from tests.interop import resources
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ def run_test(args):
         for _ in xrange(args.num_channels_per_server):
             channel = _get_channel(test_server_target, args)
             for _ in xrange(args.num_stubs_per_channel):
-                stub = test_pb2.TestServiceStub(channel)
+                stub = test_pb2_grpc.TestServiceStub(channel)
                 runner = test_runner.TestRunner(stub, test_cases, hist,
                                                 exception_queue, stop_event)
                 runners.append(runner)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/metrics_server.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/metrics_server.py
index 11ab6c3f4e..33a74b4a38 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/metrics_server.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/stress/metrics_server.py
@@ -16,11 +16,12 @@
 import time
 
 from src.proto.grpc.testing import metrics_pb2
+from src.proto.grpc.testing import metrics_pb2_grpc
 
 GAUGE_NAME = 'python_overall_qps'
 
 
-class MetricsServer(metrics_pb2.MetricsServiceServicer):
+class MetricsServer(metrics_pb2_grpc.MetricsServiceServicer):
 
     def __init__(self, histogram):
         self._start_time = time.time()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/tests.json b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/tests.json
index d61297b918..8512d5b96f 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/tests.json
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/tests.json
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 [
+  "_sanity._sanity_test.SanityTest",
   "health_check._health_servicer_test.HealthServicerTest",
   "interop._insecure_intraop_test.InsecureIntraopTest",
   "interop._secure_intraop_test.SecureIntraopTest",
   "protoc_plugin._python_plugin_test.PythonPluginTest",
-  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SameCommonTest",
-  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SameSeparateTest",
-  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SplitCommonTest",
-  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SplitSeparateTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SameProtoGrpcBeforeProtoProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SameProtoMid2016ProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SameProtoProtoBeforeGrpcProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SameProtoSingleProtocExecutionProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SplitProtoGrpcBeforeProtoProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SplitProtoMid2016ProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SplitProtoProtoBeforeGrpcProtocStyleTest",
+  "protoc_plugin._split_definitions_test.SplitProtoSingleProtocExecutionProtocStyleTest",
   "protoc_plugin.beta_python_plugin_test.PythonPluginTest",
   "reflection._reflection_servicer_test.ReflectionServicerTest",
   "testing._client_test.ClientTest",
@@ -26,6 +31,8 @@
   "unit._credentials_test.CredentialsTest",
   "unit._cython._cancel_many_calls_test.CancelManyCallsTest",
   "unit._cython._channel_test.ChannelTest",
+  "unit._cython._no_messages_server_completion_queue_per_call_test.Test",
+  "unit._cython._no_messages_single_server_completion_queue_test.Test",
   "unit._cython._read_some_but_not_all_responses_test.ReadSomeButNotAllResponsesTest",
   "unit._cython.cygrpc_test.InsecureServerInsecureClient",
   "unit._cython.cygrpc_test.SecureServerSecureClient",
@@ -39,7 +46,6 @@
   "unit._reconnect_test.ReconnectTest",
   "unit._resource_exhausted_test.ResourceExhaustedTest",
   "unit._rpc_test.RPCTest",
-  "unit._sanity._sanity_test.Sanity",
   "unit._thread_cleanup_test.CleanupThreadTest",
   "unit.beta._beta_features_test.BetaFeaturesTest",
   "unit.beta._beta_features_test.ContextManagementAndLifecycleTest",
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_common.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_common.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac66d1db3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_common.py
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Common utilities for tests of the Cython layer of gRPC Python."""
+
+import collections
+import threading
+
+from grpc._cython import cygrpc
+
+RPC_COUNT = 4000
+
+INFINITE_FUTURE = cygrpc.Timespec(float('+inf'))
+EMPTY_FLAGS = 0
+
+INVOCATION_METADATA = cygrpc.Metadata(
+    (cygrpc.Metadatum(b'client-md-key', b'client-md-key'),
+     cygrpc.Metadatum(b'client-md-key-bin', b'\x00\x01' * 3000),))
+
+INITIAL_METADATA = cygrpc.Metadata(
+    (cygrpc.Metadatum(b'server-initial-md-key', b'server-initial-md-value'),
+     cygrpc.Metadatum(b'server-initial-md-key-bin', b'\x00\x02' * 3000),))
+
+TRAILING_METADATA = cygrpc.Metadata(
+    (cygrpc.Metadatum(b'server-trailing-md-key', b'server-trailing-md-value'),
+     cygrpc.Metadatum(b'server-trailing-md-key-bin', b'\x00\x03' * 3000),))
+
+
+class QueueDriver(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, condition, completion_queue):
+        self._condition = condition
+        self._completion_queue = completion_queue
+        self._due = collections.defaultdict(int)
+        self._events = collections.defaultdict(list)
+
+    def add_due(self, tags):
+        if not self._due:
+
+            def in_thread():
+                while True:
+                    event = self._completion_queue.poll()
+                    with self._condition:
+                        self._events[event.tag].append(event)
+                        self._due[event.tag] -= 1
+                        self._condition.notify_all()
+                        if self._due[event.tag] <= 0:
+                            self._due.pop(event.tag)
+                            if not self._due:
+                                return
+
+            thread = threading.Thread(target=in_thread)
+            thread.start()
+        for tag in tags:
+            self._due[tag] += 1
+
+    def event_with_tag(self, tag):
+        with self._condition:
+            while True:
+                if self._events[tag]:
+                    return self._events[tag].pop(0)
+                else:
+                    self._condition.wait()
+
+
+def execute_many_times(behavior):
+    return tuple(behavior() for _ in range(RPC_COUNT))
+
+
+class OperationResult(
+        collections.namedtuple('OperationResult', (
+            'start_batch_result', 'completion_type', 'success',))):
+    pass
+
+
+SUCCESSFUL_OPERATION_RESULT = OperationResult(
+    cygrpc.CallError.ok, cygrpc.CompletionType.operation_complete, True)
+
+
+class RpcTest(object):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.server_completion_queue = cygrpc.CompletionQueue()
+        self.server = cygrpc.Server(cygrpc.ChannelArgs([]))
+        self.server.register_completion_queue(self.server_completion_queue)
+        port = self.server.add_http2_port(b'[::]:0')
+        self.server.start()
+        self.channel = cygrpc.Channel('localhost:{}'.format(port).encode(),
+                                      cygrpc.ChannelArgs([]))
+
+        self._server_shutdown_tag = 'server_shutdown_tag'
+        self.server_condition = threading.Condition()
+        self.server_driver = QueueDriver(self.server_condition,
+                                         self.server_completion_queue)
+        with self.server_condition:
+            self.server_driver.add_due({
+                self._server_shutdown_tag,
+            })
+
+        self.client_condition = threading.Condition()
+        self.client_completion_queue = cygrpc.CompletionQueue()
+        self.client_driver = QueueDriver(self.client_condition,
+                                         self.client_completion_queue)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self.server.shutdown(self.server_completion_queue,
+                             self._server_shutdown_tag)
+        self.server.cancel_all_calls()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_no_messages_server_completion_queue_per_call_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_no_messages_server_completion_queue_per_call_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14cc66675c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_no_messages_server_completion_queue_per_call_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Test a corner-case at the level of the Cython API."""
+
+import threading
+import unittest
+
+from grpc._cython import cygrpc
+
+from tests.unit._cython import _common
+
+
+class Test(_common.RpcTest, unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def _do_rpcs(self):
+        server_call_condition = threading.Condition()
+        server_call_completion_queue = cygrpc.CompletionQueue()
+        server_call_driver = _common.QueueDriver(server_call_condition,
+                                                 server_call_completion_queue)
+
+        server_request_call_tag = 'server_request_call_tag'
+        server_send_initial_metadata_tag = 'server_send_initial_metadata_tag'
+        server_complete_rpc_tag = 'server_complete_rpc_tag'
+
+        with self.server_condition:
+            server_request_call_start_batch_result = self.server.request_call(
+                server_call_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue,
+                server_request_call_tag)
+            self.server_driver.add_due({
+                server_request_call_tag,
+            })
+
+        client_call = self.channel.create_call(
+            None, _common.EMPTY_FLAGS, self.client_completion_queue,
+            b'/twinkies', None, _common.INFINITE_FUTURE)
+        client_receive_initial_metadata_tag = 'client_receive_initial_metadata_tag'
+        client_complete_rpc_tag = 'client_complete_rpc_tag'
+        with self.client_condition:
+            client_receive_initial_metadata_start_batch_result = (
+                client_call.start_client_batch(
+                    cygrpc.Operations([
+                        cygrpc.operation_receive_initial_metadata(
+                            _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    ]), client_receive_initial_metadata_tag))
+            client_complete_rpc_start_batch_result = client_call.start_client_batch(
+                cygrpc.Operations([
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_initial_metadata(
+                        _common.INVOCATION_METADATA, _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_close_from_client(
+                        _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    cygrpc.operation_receive_status_on_client(
+                        _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                ]), client_complete_rpc_tag)
+            self.client_driver.add_due({
+                client_receive_initial_metadata_tag,
+                client_complete_rpc_tag,
+            })
+
+        server_request_call_event = self.server_driver.event_with_tag(
+            server_request_call_tag)
+
+        with server_call_condition:
+            server_send_initial_metadata_start_batch_result = (
+                server_request_call_event.operation_call.start_server_batch([
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_initial_metadata(
+                        _common.INITIAL_METADATA, _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                ], server_send_initial_metadata_tag))
+            server_call_driver.add_due({
+                server_send_initial_metadata_tag,
+            })
+        server_send_initial_metadata_event = server_call_driver.event_with_tag(
+            server_send_initial_metadata_tag)
+
+        with server_call_condition:
+            server_complete_rpc_start_batch_result = (
+                server_request_call_event.operation_call.start_server_batch([
+                    cygrpc.operation_receive_close_on_server(
+                        _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_status_from_server(
+                        _common.TRAILING_METADATA, cygrpc.StatusCode.ok,
+                        b'test details', _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                ], server_complete_rpc_tag))
+            server_call_driver.add_due({
+                server_complete_rpc_tag,
+            })
+        server_complete_rpc_event = server_call_driver.event_with_tag(
+            server_complete_rpc_tag)
+
+        client_receive_initial_metadata_event = self.client_driver.event_with_tag(
+            client_receive_initial_metadata_tag)
+        client_complete_rpc_event = self.client_driver.event_with_tag(
+            client_complete_rpc_tag)
+
+        return (_common.OperationResult(server_request_call_start_batch_result,
+                                        server_request_call_event.type,
+                                        server_request_call_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(
+                    client_receive_initial_metadata_start_batch_result,
+                    client_receive_initial_metadata_event.type,
+                    client_receive_initial_metadata_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(client_complete_rpc_start_batch_result,
+                                        client_complete_rpc_event.type,
+                                        client_complete_rpc_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(
+                    server_send_initial_metadata_start_batch_result,
+                    server_send_initial_metadata_event.type,
+                    server_send_initial_metadata_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(server_complete_rpc_start_batch_result,
+                                        server_complete_rpc_event.type,
+                                        server_complete_rpc_event.success),)
+
+    def test_rpcs(self):
+        expecteds = [(_common.SUCCESSFUL_OPERATION_RESULT,) *
+                     5] * _common.RPC_COUNT
+        actuallys = _common.execute_many_times(self._do_rpcs)
+        self.assertSequenceEqual(expecteds, actuallys)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_no_messages_single_server_completion_queue_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_no_messages_single_server_completion_queue_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e44bcc4dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_cython/_no_messages_single_server_completion_queue_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Test a corner-case at the level of the Cython API."""
+
+import threading
+import unittest
+
+from grpc._cython import cygrpc
+
+from tests.unit._cython import _common
+
+
+class Test(_common.RpcTest, unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def _do_rpcs(self):
+        server_request_call_tag = 'server_request_call_tag'
+        server_send_initial_metadata_tag = 'server_send_initial_metadata_tag'
+        server_complete_rpc_tag = 'server_complete_rpc_tag'
+
+        with self.server_condition:
+            server_request_call_start_batch_result = self.server.request_call(
+                self.server_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue,
+                server_request_call_tag)
+            self.server_driver.add_due({
+                server_request_call_tag,
+            })
+
+        client_call = self.channel.create_call(
+            None, _common.EMPTY_FLAGS, self.client_completion_queue,
+            b'/twinkies', None, _common.INFINITE_FUTURE)
+        client_receive_initial_metadata_tag = 'client_receive_initial_metadata_tag'
+        client_complete_rpc_tag = 'client_complete_rpc_tag'
+        with self.client_condition:
+            client_receive_initial_metadata_start_batch_result = (
+                client_call.start_client_batch(
+                    cygrpc.Operations([
+                        cygrpc.operation_receive_initial_metadata(
+                            _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    ]), client_receive_initial_metadata_tag))
+            client_complete_rpc_start_batch_result = client_call.start_client_batch(
+                cygrpc.Operations([
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_initial_metadata(
+                        _common.INVOCATION_METADATA, _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_close_from_client(
+                        _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    cygrpc.operation_receive_status_on_client(
+                        _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                ]), client_complete_rpc_tag)
+            self.client_driver.add_due({
+                client_receive_initial_metadata_tag,
+                client_complete_rpc_tag,
+            })
+
+        server_request_call_event = self.server_driver.event_with_tag(
+            server_request_call_tag)
+
+        with self.server_condition:
+            server_send_initial_metadata_start_batch_result = (
+                server_request_call_event.operation_call.start_server_batch([
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_initial_metadata(
+                        _common.INITIAL_METADATA, _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                ], server_send_initial_metadata_tag))
+            self.server_driver.add_due({
+                server_send_initial_metadata_tag,
+            })
+        server_send_initial_metadata_event = self.server_driver.event_with_tag(
+            server_send_initial_metadata_tag)
+
+        with self.server_condition:
+            server_complete_rpc_start_batch_result = (
+                server_request_call_event.operation_call.start_server_batch([
+                    cygrpc.operation_receive_close_on_server(
+                        _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                    cygrpc.operation_send_status_from_server(
+                        _common.TRAILING_METADATA, cygrpc.StatusCode.ok,
+                        b'test details', _common.EMPTY_FLAGS),
+                ], server_complete_rpc_tag))
+            self.server_driver.add_due({
+                server_complete_rpc_tag,
+            })
+        server_complete_rpc_event = self.server_driver.event_with_tag(
+            server_complete_rpc_tag)
+
+        client_receive_initial_metadata_event = self.client_driver.event_with_tag(
+            client_receive_initial_metadata_tag)
+        client_complete_rpc_event = self.client_driver.event_with_tag(
+            client_complete_rpc_tag)
+
+        return (_common.OperationResult(server_request_call_start_batch_result,
+                                        server_request_call_event.type,
+                                        server_request_call_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(
+                    client_receive_initial_metadata_start_batch_result,
+                    client_receive_initial_metadata_event.type,
+                    client_receive_initial_metadata_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(client_complete_rpc_start_batch_result,
+                                        client_complete_rpc_event.type,
+                                        client_complete_rpc_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(
+                    server_send_initial_metadata_start_batch_result,
+                    server_send_initial_metadata_event.type,
+                    server_send_initial_metadata_event.success),
+                _common.OperationResult(server_complete_rpc_start_batch_result,
+                                        server_complete_rpc_event.type,
+                                        server_complete_rpc_event.success),)
+
+    def test_rpcs(self):
+        expecteds = [(_common.SUCCESSFUL_OPERATION_RESULT,) *
+                     5] * _common.RPC_COUNT
+        actuallys = _common.execute_many_times(self._do_rpcs)
+        self.assertSequenceEqual(expecteds, actuallys)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_sanity/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_sanity/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 5772620b60..0000000000
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/unit/_sanity/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2016 gRPC authors.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
diff --git a/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_client.rb b/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_client.rb
index 7d6ed8c8d7..493c0eb56a 100755
--- a/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_client.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_client.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def main
                                       :this_channel_is_insecure)
     stub.echo(Echo::EchoRequest.new(request: 'hello'))
     fail 'the clients rpc in this test shouldnt complete. ' \
-      'expecting SIGINT to happen in the middle of the call'
+      'expecting SIGTERM to happen in the middle of the call'
   end
   thd.join
 end
diff --git a/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_driver.rb b/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_driver.rb
index 09f05a4487..fce5d13e82 100755
--- a/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_driver.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/end2end/killed_client_thread_driver.rb
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ def main
     call_started_cv.wait(call_started_mu) until call_started.val
   end
 
-  # SIGINT the child process now that it's
+  # SIGTERM the child process now that it's
   # in the middle of an RPC (happening on a non-main thread)
-  Process.kill('SIGINT', client_pid)
+  Process.kill('SIGTERM', client_pid)
   STDERR.puts 'sent shutdown'
 
   begin
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ def main
   end
 
   client_exit_code = $CHILD_STATUS
-  if client_exit_code.termsig != 2 # SIGINT
-    fail 'expected client exit from SIGINT ' \
+  if client_exit_code.termsig != 15 # SIGTERM
+    fail 'expected client exit from SIGTERM ' \
       "but got child status: #{client_exit_code}"
   end
 
diff --git a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.c b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.c
index 57b543967e..70831494fa 100644
--- a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.c
+++ b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.c
@@ -22,16 +22,6 @@
 
 #include "rb_grpc_imports.generated.h"
 
-grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import;
-grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_length_type grpc_byte_buffer_length_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import;
-grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import;
-grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import;
 census_initialize_type census_initialize_import;
 census_shutdown_type census_shutdown_import;
 census_supported_type census_supported_import;
@@ -168,6 +158,16 @@ grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create_ex_type grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create_ex
 grpc_server_add_secure_http2_port_type grpc_server_add_secure_http2_port_import;
 grpc_call_set_credentials_type grpc_call_set_credentials_import;
 grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_type grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_import;
+grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import;
+grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_length_type grpc_byte_buffer_length_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import;
+grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import;
+grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import;
 grpc_slice_ref_type grpc_slice_ref_import;
 grpc_slice_unref_type grpc_slice_unref_import;
 grpc_slice_copy_type grpc_slice_copy_import;
@@ -330,16 +330,6 @@ gpr_sleep_until_type gpr_sleep_until_import;
 gpr_timespec_to_micros_type gpr_timespec_to_micros_import;
 
 void grpc_rb_load_imports(HMODULE library) {
-  grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import = (grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create");
-  grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import = (grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_copy");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_length_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_length_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_length");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_destroy");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next");
-  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall");
-  grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import = (grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader");
   census_initialize_import = (census_initialize_type) GetProcAddress(library, "census_initialize");
   census_shutdown_import = (census_shutdown_type) GetProcAddress(library, "census_shutdown");
   census_supported_import = (census_supported_type) GetProcAddress(library, "census_supported");
@@ -476,6 +466,16 @@ void grpc_rb_load_imports(HMODULE library) {
   grpc_server_add_secure_http2_port_import = (grpc_server_add_secure_http2_port_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_server_add_secure_http2_port");
   grpc_call_set_credentials_import = (grpc_call_set_credentials_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_call_set_credentials");
   grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_import = (grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor");
+  grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import = (grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create");
+  grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import = (grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_copy");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_length_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_length_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_length");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_destroy");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next");
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import = (grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall");
+  grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import = (grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader");
   grpc_slice_ref_import = (grpc_slice_ref_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_slice_ref");
   grpc_slice_unref_import = (grpc_slice_unref_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_slice_unref");
   grpc_slice_copy_import = (grpc_slice_copy_type) GetProcAddress(library, "grpc_slice_copy");
diff --git a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.h b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.h
index c5c848ae44..868772cfc8 100644
--- a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.h
+++ b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_grpc_imports.generated.h
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@
 
 #include <windows.h>
 
-#include <grpc/byte_buffer.h>
 #include <grpc/census.h>
 #include <grpc/compression.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_posix.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
+#include <grpc/impl/codegen/byte_buffer.h>
 #include <grpc/slice.h>
 #include <grpc/slice_buffer.h>
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
@@ -47,36 +47,6 @@
 #include <grpc/support/thd.h>
 #include <grpc/support/time.h>
 
-typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type)(grpc_slice *slices, size_t nslices);
-extern grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import;
-#define grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import
-typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type)(grpc_slice *slices, size_t nslices, grpc_compression_algorithm compression);
-extern grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import;
-#define grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import
-typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type)(grpc_byte_buffer *bb);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_copy grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import
-typedef size_t(*grpc_byte_buffer_length_type)(grpc_byte_buffer *bb);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_length_type grpc_byte_buffer_length_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_length grpc_byte_buffer_length_import
-typedef void(*grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type)(grpc_byte_buffer *byte_buffer);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_destroy grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import
-typedef int(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader, grpc_byte_buffer *buffer);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import
-typedef void(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import
-typedef int(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader, grpc_slice *slice);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import
-typedef grpc_slice(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader);
-extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import;
-#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import
-typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader);
-extern grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import;
-#define grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import
 typedef int(*census_initialize_type)(int features);
 extern census_initialize_type census_initialize_import;
 #define census_initialize census_initialize_import
@@ -164,10 +134,10 @@ extern census_record_values_type census_record_values_import;
 typedef int(*grpc_compression_algorithm_parse_type)(grpc_slice value, grpc_compression_algorithm *algorithm);
 extern grpc_compression_algorithm_parse_type grpc_compression_algorithm_parse_import;
 #define grpc_compression_algorithm_parse grpc_compression_algorithm_parse_import
-typedef int(*grpc_compression_algorithm_name_type)(grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm, char **name);
+typedef int(*grpc_compression_algorithm_name_type)(grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm, const char **name);
 extern grpc_compression_algorithm_name_type grpc_compression_algorithm_name_import;
 #define grpc_compression_algorithm_name grpc_compression_algorithm_name_import
-typedef int(*grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name_type)(grpc_stream_compression_algorithm algorithm, char **name);
+typedef int(*grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name_type)(grpc_stream_compression_algorithm algorithm, const char **name);
 extern grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name_type grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name_import;
 #define grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name grpc_stream_compression_algorithm_name_import
 typedef grpc_compression_algorithm(*grpc_compression_algorithm_for_level_type)(grpc_compression_level level, uint32_t accepted_encodings);
@@ -485,6 +455,36 @@ extern grpc_call_set_credentials_type grpc_call_set_credentials_import;
 typedef void(*grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_type)(grpc_server_credentials *creds, grpc_auth_metadata_processor processor);
 extern grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_type grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_import;
 #define grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor grpc_server_credentials_set_auth_metadata_processor_import
+typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type)(grpc_slice *slices, size_t nslices);
+extern grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import;
+#define grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create_import
+typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type)(grpc_slice *slices, size_t nslices, grpc_compression_algorithm compression);
+extern grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_type grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import;
+#define grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create grpc_raw_compressed_byte_buffer_create_import
+typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type)(grpc_byte_buffer *bb);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_copy_type grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_copy grpc_byte_buffer_copy_import
+typedef size_t(*grpc_byte_buffer_length_type)(grpc_byte_buffer *bb);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_length_type grpc_byte_buffer_length_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_length grpc_byte_buffer_length_import
+typedef void(*grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type)(grpc_byte_buffer *byte_buffer);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_destroy grpc_byte_buffer_destroy_import
+typedef int(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader, grpc_byte_buffer *buffer);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init_import
+typedef void(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy_import
+typedef int(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader, grpc_slice *slice);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next grpc_byte_buffer_reader_next_import
+typedef grpc_slice(*grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader);
+extern grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_type grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import;
+#define grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall_import
+typedef grpc_byte_buffer *(*grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type)(grpc_byte_buffer_reader *reader);
+extern grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_type grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import;
+#define grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader grpc_raw_byte_buffer_from_reader_import
 typedef grpc_slice(*grpc_slice_ref_type)(grpc_slice s);
 extern grpc_slice_ref_type grpc_slice_ref_import;
 #define grpc_slice_ref grpc_slice_ref_import
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc.rb
index 98bfc0a0fa..37b0392072 100644
--- a/src/ruby/lib/grpc.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc.rb
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ require_relative 'grpc/generic/active_call'
 require_relative 'grpc/generic/client_stub'
 require_relative 'grpc/generic/service'
 require_relative 'grpc/generic/rpc_server'
+require_relative 'grpc/generic/interceptors'
 
 begin
   file = File.open(ssl_roots_path)
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/active_call.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/active_call.rb
index 10eb70b4a7..8c3aa284aa 100644
--- a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/active_call.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/active_call.rb
@@ -154,6 +154,15 @@ module GRPC
       Operation.new(self)
     end
 
+    ##
+    # Returns a restricted view of this ActiveCall for use in interceptors
+    #
+    # @return [InterceptableView]
+    #
+    def interceptable
+      InterceptableView.new(self)
+    end
+
     def receive_and_check_status
       batch_result = @call.run_batch(RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
       set_input_stream_done
@@ -515,15 +524,27 @@ module GRPC
     # This does not mean that must necessarily be one.  E.g, the replies
     # produced by gen_each_reply could ignore the received_msgs
     #
-    # @param gen_each_reply [Proc] generates the BiDi stream replies
-    def run_server_bidi(gen_each_reply)
-      bd = BidiCall.new(@call,
-                        @marshal,
-                        @unmarshal,
-                        metadata_received: @metadata_received,
-                        req_view: MultiReqView.new(self))
-
-      bd.run_on_server(gen_each_reply, proc { set_input_stream_done })
+    # @param mth [Proc] generates the BiDi stream replies
+    # @param interception_ctx [InterceptionContext]
+    #
+    def run_server_bidi(mth, interception_ctx)
+      view = multi_req_view
+      bidi_call = BidiCall.new(
+        @call,
+        @marshal,
+        @unmarshal,
+        metadata_received: @metadata_received,
+        req_view: view
+      )
+      requests = bidi_call.read_next_loop(proc { set_input_stream_done }, false)
+      interception_ctx.intercept!(
+        :bidi_streamer,
+        call: view,
+        method: mth,
+        requests: requests
+      ) do
+        bidi_call.run_on_server(mth, requests)
+      end
     end
 
     # Waits till an operation completes
@@ -645,5 +666,9 @@ module GRPC
     Operation = view_class(:cancel, :cancelled?, :deadline, :execute,
                            :metadata, :status, :start_call, :wait, :write_flag,
                            :write_flag=, :trailing_metadata)
+
+    # InterceptableView further limits access to an ActiveCall's methods
+    # for use in interceptors on the client, exposing only the deadline
+    InterceptableView = view_class(:deadline)
   end
 end
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/bidi_call.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/bidi_call.rb
index c2239d0178..3bdcc0062e 100644
--- a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/bidi_call.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/bidi_call.rb
@@ -87,23 +87,32 @@ module GRPC
     # This does not mean that must necessarily be one.  E.g, the replies
     # produced by gen_each_reply could ignore the received_msgs
     #
-    # @param gen_each_reply [Proc] generates the BiDi stream replies.
-    # @param set_input_steam_done [Proc] call back to call when
-    #   the reads have been completely read through.
-    def run_on_server(gen_each_reply, set_input_stream_done)
+    # @param [Proc] gen_each_reply generates the BiDi stream replies.
+    # @param [Enumerable] requests The enumerable of requests to run
+    def run_on_server(gen_each_reply, requests)
+      replies = nil
+
       # Pass in the optional call object parameter if possible
       if gen_each_reply.arity == 1
-        replys = gen_each_reply.call(
-          read_loop(set_input_stream_done, is_client: false))
+        replies = gen_each_reply.call(requests)
       elsif gen_each_reply.arity == 2
-        replys = gen_each_reply.call(
-          read_loop(set_input_stream_done, is_client: false),
-          @req_view)
+        replies = gen_each_reply.call(requests, @req_view)
       else
         fail 'Illegal arity of reply generator'
       end
 
-      write_loop(replys, is_client: false)
+      write_loop(replies, is_client: false)
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Read the next stream iteration
+    #
+    # @param [Proc] finalize_stream callback to call when the reads have been
+    #   completely read through.
+    # @param [Boolean] is_client If this is a client or server request
+    #
+    def read_next_loop(finalize_stream, is_client = false)
+      read_loop(finalize_stream, is_client: is_client)
     end
 
     private
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/client_stub.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/client_stub.rb
index 75a95a4e94..9a50f8a99d 100644
--- a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/client_stub.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/client_stub.rb
@@ -89,17 +89,23 @@ module GRPC
     #     used within a gRPC server.
     # @param channel_args [Hash] the channel arguments. Note: this argument is
     #     ignored if the channel_override argument is provided.
+    # @param interceptors [Array<GRPC::ClientInterceptor>] An array of
+    #     GRPC::ClientInterceptor objects that will be used for
+    #     intercepting calls before they are executed
+    #     Interceptors are an EXPERIMENTAL API.
     def initialize(host, creds,
                    channel_override: nil,
                    timeout: nil,
                    propagate_mask: nil,
-                   channel_args: {})
+                   channel_args: {},
+                   interceptors: [])
       @ch = ClientStub.setup_channel(channel_override, host, creds,
                                      channel_args)
       alt_host = channel_args[Core::Channel::SSL_TARGET]
       @host = alt_host.nil? ? host : alt_host
       @propagate_mask = propagate_mask
       @timeout = timeout.nil? ? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT : timeout
+      @interceptors = InterceptorRegistry.new(interceptors)
     end
 
     # request_response sends a request to a GRPC server, and returns the
@@ -149,16 +155,29 @@ module GRPC
                           deadline: deadline,
                           parent: parent,
                           credentials: credentials)
-      return c.request_response(req, metadata: metadata) unless return_op
-
-      # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute as a
-      # new method for this instance that invokes #request_response.
-      c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
-      op = c.operation
-      op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
-        c.request_response(req, metadata: metadata)
+      interception_context = @interceptors.build_context
+      intercept_args = {
+        method: method,
+        request: req,
+        call: c.interceptable,
+        metadata: metadata
+      }
+      if return_op
+        # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute as a
+        # new method for this instance that invokes #request_response.
+        c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
+        op = c.operation
+        op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
+          interception_context.intercept!(:request_response, intercept_args) do
+            c.request_response(req, metadata: metadata)
+          end
+        end
+        op
+      else
+        interception_context.intercept!(:request_response, intercept_args) do
+          c.request_response(req, metadata: metadata)
+        end
       end
-      op
     end
 
     # client_streamer sends a stream of requests to a GRPC server, and
@@ -213,16 +232,29 @@ module GRPC
                           deadline: deadline,
                           parent: parent,
                           credentials: credentials)
-      return c.client_streamer(requests, metadata: metadata) unless return_op
-
-      # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute as a
-      # new method for this instance that invokes #client_streamer.
-      c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
-      op = c.operation
-      op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
-        c.client_streamer(requests)
+      interception_context = @interceptors.build_context
+      intercept_args = {
+        method: method,
+        requests: requests,
+        call: c.interceptable,
+        metadata: metadata
+      }
+      if return_op
+        # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute as a
+        # new method for this instance that invokes #client_streamer.
+        c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
+        op = c.operation
+        op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
+          interception_context.intercept!(:client_streamer, intercept_args) do
+            c.client_streamer(requests)
+          end
+        end
+        op
+      else
+        interception_context.intercept!(:client_streamer, intercept_args) do
+          c.client_streamer(requests, metadata: metadata)
+        end
       end
-      op
     end
 
     # server_streamer sends one request to the GRPC server, which yields a
@@ -292,16 +324,29 @@ module GRPC
                           deadline: deadline,
                           parent: parent,
                           credentials: credentials)
-      return c.server_streamer(req, metadata: metadata, &blk) unless return_op
-
-      # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute
-      # as a new method for this instance that invokes #server_streamer
-      c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
-      op = c.operation
-      op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
-        c.server_streamer(req, &blk)
+      interception_context = @interceptors.build_context
+      intercept_args = {
+        method: method,
+        request: req,
+        call: c.interceptable,
+        metadata: metadata
+      }
+      if return_op
+        # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute
+        # as a new method for this instance that invokes #server_streamer
+        c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
+        op = c.operation
+        op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
+          interception_context.intercept!(:server_streamer, intercept_args) do
+            c.server_streamer(req, &blk)
+          end
+        end
+        op
+      else
+        interception_context.intercept!(:server_streamer, intercept_args) do
+          c.server_streamer(req, metadata: metadata, &blk)
+        end
       end
-      op
     end
 
     # bidi_streamer sends a stream of requests to the GRPC server, and yields
@@ -405,17 +450,29 @@ module GRPC
                           deadline: deadline,
                           parent: parent,
                           credentials: credentials)
-      return c.bidi_streamer(requests, metadata: metadata,
-                             &blk) unless return_op
-
-      # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute
-      # as a new method for this instance that invokes #bidi_streamer
-      c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
-      op = c.operation
-      op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
-        c.bidi_streamer(requests, &blk)
+      interception_context = @interceptors.build_context
+      intercept_args = {
+        method: method,
+        requests: requests,
+        call: c.interceptable,
+        metadata: metadata
+      }
+      if return_op
+        # return the operation view of the active_call; define #execute
+        # as a new method for this instance that invokes #bidi_streamer
+        c.merge_metadata_to_send(metadata)
+        op = c.operation
+        op.define_singleton_method(:execute) do
+          interception_context.intercept!(:bidi_streamer, intercept_args) do
+            c.bidi_streamer(requests, &blk)
+          end
+        end
+        op
+      else
+        interception_context.intercept!(:bidi_streamer, intercept_args) do
+          c.bidi_streamer(requests, metadata: metadata, &blk)
+        end
       end
-      op
     end
 
     private
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/interceptor_registry.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/interceptor_registry.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b241eb9a86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/interceptor_registry.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# GRPC contains the General RPC module.
+module GRPC
+  ##
+  # Represents a registry of added interceptors available for enumeration.
+  # The registry can be used for both server and client interceptors.
+  # This class is internal to gRPC and not meant for public usage.
+  #
+  class InterceptorRegistry
+    ##
+    # An error raised when an interceptor is attempted to be added
+    # that does not extend GRPC::Interceptor
+    #
+    class DescendantError < StandardError; end
+
+    ##
+    # Initialize the registry with an empty interceptor list
+    # This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+    #
+    def initialize(interceptors = [])
+      @interceptors = []
+      interceptors.each do |i|
+        base = GRPC::Interceptor
+        unless i.class.ancestors.include?(base)
+          fail DescendantError, "Interceptors must descend from #{base}"
+        end
+        @interceptors << i
+      end
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Builds an interception context from this registry
+    #
+    # @return [InterceptionContext]
+    #
+    def build_context
+      InterceptionContext.new(@interceptors)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/interceptors.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/interceptors.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73faec4b9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/interceptors.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+require_relative 'interceptor_registry'
+
+# GRPC contains the General RPC module.
+module GRPC
+  ##
+  # Base class for interception in GRPC
+  #
+  class Interceptor
+    ##
+    # @param [Hash] options A hash of options that will be used
+    #   by the interceptor. This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+    #
+    def initialize(options = {})
+      @options = options || {}
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # ClientInterceptor allows for wrapping outbound gRPC client stub requests.
+  # This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+  #
+  class ClientInterceptor < Interceptor
+    ##
+    # Intercept a unary request response call
+    #
+    # @param [Object] request
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    # @param [Hash] metadata
+    #
+    def request_response(request:, call:, method:, metadata:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting request response method #{method}" \
+        " for request #{request} with call #{call} and metadata: #{metadata}"
+      yield
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept a client streaming call
+    #
+    # @param [Enumerable] requests
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    # @param [Hash] metadata
+    #
+    def client_streamer(requests:, call:, method:, metadata:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting client streamer method #{method}" \
+       " for requests #{requests} with call #{call} and metadata: #{metadata}"
+      yield
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept a server streaming call
+    #
+    # @param [Object] request
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    # @param [Hash] metadata
+    #
+    def server_streamer(request:, call:, method:, metadata:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting server streamer method #{method}" \
+        " for request #{request} with call #{call} and metadata: #{metadata}"
+      yield
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept a BiDi streaming call
+    #
+    # @param [Enumerable] requests
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    # @param [Hash] metadata
+    #
+    def bidi_streamer(requests:, call:, method:, metadata:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting bidi streamer method #{method}" \
+        " for requests #{requests} with call #{call} and metadata: #{metadata}"
+      yield
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # ServerInterceptor allows for wrapping gRPC server execution handling.
+  # This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+  #
+  class ServerInterceptor < Interceptor
+    ##
+    # Intercept a unary request response call.
+    #
+    # @param [Object] request
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall::SingleReqView] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    #
+    def request_response(request:, call:, method:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting request response method #{method}" \
+        " for request #{request} with call #{call}"
+      yield
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept a client streaming call
+    #
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall::MultiReqView] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    #
+    def client_streamer(call:, method:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting client streamer method #{method}" \
+        " with call #{call}"
+      yield
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept a server streaming call
+    #
+    # @param [Object] request
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall::SingleReqView] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    #
+    def server_streamer(request:, call:, method:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting server streamer method #{method}" \
+        " for request #{request} with call #{call}"
+      yield
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept a BiDi streaming call
+    #
+    # @param [Enumerable<Object>] requests
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall::MultiReqView] call
+    # @param [Method] method
+    #
+    def bidi_streamer(requests:, call:, method:)
+      GRPC.logger.debug "Intercepting bidi streamer method #{method}" \
+        " for requests #{requests} with call #{call}"
+      yield
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Represents the context in which an interceptor runs. Used to provide an
+  # injectable mechanism for handling interception. This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+  #
+  class InterceptionContext
+    ##
+    # @param [Array<GRPC::Interceptor>]
+    #
+    def initialize(interceptors = [])
+      @interceptors = interceptors.dup
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Intercept the call and fire out to interceptors in a FIFO execution.
+    # This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+    #
+    # @param [Symbol] type The request type
+    # @param [Hash] args The arguments for the call
+    #
+    def intercept!(type, args = {})
+      return yield if @interceptors.none?
+
+      i = @interceptors.pop
+      return yield unless i
+
+      i.send(type, args) do
+        if @interceptors.any?
+          intercept!(type, args) do
+            yield
+          end
+        else
+          yield
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_desc.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_desc.rb
index 6fb6c412fb..5fd1805aab 100644
--- a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_desc.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_desc.rb
@@ -47,43 +47,85 @@ module GRPC
       proc { |o| unmarshal_class.method(unmarshal_method).call(o) }
     end
 
-    def handle_request_response(active_call, mth)
+    def handle_request_response(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
       req = active_call.read_unary_request
-      resp = mth.call(req, active_call.single_req_view)
-      active_call.server_unary_response(
-        resp, trailing_metadata: active_call.output_metadata)
+      call = active_call.single_req_view
+
+      inter_ctx.intercept!(
+        :request_response,
+        method: mth,
+        call: call,
+        request: req
+      ) do
+        resp = mth.call(req, call)
+        active_call.server_unary_response(
+          resp,
+          trailing_metadata: active_call.output_metadata
+        )
+      end
     end
 
-    def handle_client_streamer(active_call,  mth)
-      resp = mth.call(active_call.multi_req_view)
-      active_call.server_unary_response(
-        resp, trailing_metadata: active_call.output_metadata)
+    def handle_client_streamer(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
+      call = active_call.multi_req_view
+
+      inter_ctx.intercept!(
+        :client_streamer,
+        method: mth,
+        call: call
+      ) do
+        resp = mth.call(call)
+        active_call.server_unary_response(
+          resp,
+          trailing_metadata: active_call.output_metadata
+        )
+      end
     end
 
-    def handle_server_streamer(active_call, mth)
+    def handle_server_streamer(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
       req = active_call.read_unary_request
-      replys = mth.call(req, active_call.single_req_view)
-      replys.each { |r| active_call.remote_send(r) }
-      send_status(active_call, OK, 'OK', active_call.output_metadata)
+      call = active_call.single_req_view
+
+      inter_ctx.intercept!(
+        :server_streamer,
+        method: mth,
+        call: call,
+        request: req
+      ) do
+        replies = mth.call(req, call)
+        replies.each { |r| active_call.remote_send(r) }
+        send_status(active_call, OK, 'OK', active_call.output_metadata)
+      end
     end
 
-    def handle_bidi_streamer(active_call, mth)
-      active_call.run_server_bidi(mth)
+    ##
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall] active_call
+    # @param [Method] mth
+    # @param [Array<GRPC::InterceptionContext>] inter_ctx
+    #
+    def handle_bidi_streamer(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
+      active_call.run_server_bidi(mth, inter_ctx)
       send_status(active_call, OK, 'OK', active_call.output_metadata)
     end
 
-    def run_server_method(active_call, mth)
+    ##
+    # @param [GRPC::ActiveCall] active_call The current active call object
+    #   for the request
+    # @param [Method] mth The current RPC method being called
+    # @param [GRPC::InterceptionContext] inter_ctx The interception context
+    #   being executed
+    #
+    def run_server_method(active_call, mth, inter_ctx = InterceptionContext.new)
       # While a server method is running, it might be cancelled, its deadline
       # might be reached, the handler could throw an unknown error, or a
       # well-behaved handler could throw a StatusError.
       if request_response?
-        handle_request_response(active_call, mth)
+        handle_request_response(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
       elsif client_streamer?
-        handle_client_streamer(active_call, mth)
+        handle_client_streamer(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
       elsif server_streamer?
-        handle_server_streamer(active_call, mth)
+        handle_server_streamer(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
       else  # is a bidi_stream
-        handle_bidi_streamer(active_call, mth)
+        handle_bidi_streamer(active_call, mth, inter_ctx)
       end
     rescue BadStatus => e
       # this is raised by handlers that want GRPC to send an application error
diff --git a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_server.rb b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_server.rb
index 33b3cea1fc..d5fc11dc1c 100644
--- a/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_server.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/generic/rpc_server.rb
@@ -196,11 +196,18 @@ module GRPC
     #
     # * server_args:
     # A server arguments hash to be passed down to the underlying core server
+    #
+    # * interceptors:
+    # Am array of GRPC::ServerInterceptor objects that will be used for
+    # intercepting server handlers to provide extra functionality.
+    # Interceptors are an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+    #
     def initialize(pool_size:DEFAULT_POOL_SIZE,
                    max_waiting_requests:DEFAULT_MAX_WAITING_REQUESTS,
                    poll_period:DEFAULT_POLL_PERIOD,
                    connect_md_proc:nil,
-                   server_args:{})
+                   server_args:{},
+                   interceptors:[])
       @connect_md_proc = RpcServer.setup_connect_md_proc(connect_md_proc)
       @max_waiting_requests = max_waiting_requests
       @poll_period = poll_period
@@ -212,6 +219,7 @@ module GRPC
       # :stopped. State transitions can only proceed in that order.
       @running_state = :not_started
       @server = Core::Server.new(server_args)
+      @interceptors = InterceptorRegistry.new(interceptors)
     end
 
     # stops a running server
@@ -374,7 +382,11 @@ module GRPC
             @pool.schedule(active_call) do |ac|
               c, mth = ac
               begin
-                rpc_descs[mth].run_server_method(c, rpc_handlers[mth])
+                rpc_descs[mth].run_server_method(
+                  c,
+                  rpc_handlers[mth],
+                  @interceptors.build_context
+                )
               rescue StandardError
                 c.send_status(GRPC::Core::StatusCodes::INTERNAL,
                               'Server handler failed')
@@ -382,7 +394,7 @@ module GRPC
             end
           end
         rescue Core::CallError, RuntimeError => e
-          # these might happen for various reasonse.  The correct behaviour of
+          # these might happen for various reasons.  The correct behavior of
           # the server is to log them and continue, if it's not shutting down.
           if running_state == :running
             GRPC.logger.warn("server call failed: #{e}")
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_services/__init__.py b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/google_rpc_status_utils.rb
index 5772620b60..fdadd6b76e 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_tests/tests/protoc_plugin/protos/invocation_testing/split_services/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ruby/lib/grpc/google_rpc_status_utils.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2016 gRPC authors.
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -11,3 +11,18 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+
+require_relative './grpc'
+require 'google/rpc/status_pb'
+
+# GRPC contains the General RPC module.
+module GRPC
+  # GoogleRpcStatusUtils provides utilities to convert between a
+  # GRPC::Core::Status and a deserialized Google::Rpc::Status proto
+  class GoogleRpcStatusUtils
+    def self.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+      fail ArgumentError, 'bad type' unless status.is_a? Struct::Status
+      Google::Rpc::Status.decode(status.metadata['grpc-status-details-bin'])
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/pb/grpc/testing/duplicate/echo_duplicate_services_pb.rb b/src/ruby/pb/grpc/testing/duplicate/echo_duplicate_services_pb.rb
index 683370121e..ab50d9b3a5 100644
--- a/src/ruby/pb/grpc/testing/duplicate/echo_duplicate_services_pb.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/pb/grpc/testing/duplicate/echo_duplicate_services_pb.rb
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ module Grpc
           self.service_name = 'grpc.testing.duplicate.EchoTestService'
 
           rpc :Echo, Grpc::Testing::EchoRequest, Grpc::Testing::EchoResponse
+          rpc :ResponseStream, Grpc::Testing::EchoRequest, stream(Grpc::Testing::EchoResponse)
         end
 
         Stub = Service.rpc_stub_class
diff --git a/src/ruby/qps/proxy-worker.rb b/src/ruby/qps/proxy-worker.rb
index d7a9f114bd..488610ae74 100755
--- a/src/ruby/qps/proxy-worker.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/qps/proxy-worker.rb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class ProxyBenchmarkClientServiceImpl < Grpc::Testing::ProxyClientService::Servi
     @histogram = Histogram.new(@histres, @histmax)
     @start_time = Time.now
     # TODO(vjpai): Support multiple client channels by spawning off a PHP client per channel
-    command = "php " + File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/../../php/tests/qps/client.php " + @mytarget
+    command = "php -d extension=" + File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/../../php/ext/grpc/modules/grpc.so " + File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/../../php/tests/qps/client.php " + @mytarget
     puts "Starting command: " + command
     @php_pid = spawn(command)
   end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/channel_connection_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/channel_connection_spec.rb
index c76056606b..ce3e3b1c93 100644
--- a/src/ruby/spec/channel_connection_spec.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/channel_connection_spec.rb
@@ -11,45 +11,12 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
-
-require 'grpc'
+require 'spec_helper'
 require 'timeout'
 
 include Timeout
 include GRPC::Core
 
-# A test message
-class EchoMsg
-  def self.marshal(_o)
-    ''
-  end
-
-  def self.unmarshal(_o)
-    EchoMsg.new
-  end
-end
-
-# A test service with an echo implementation.
-class EchoService
-  include GRPC::GenericService
-  rpc :an_rpc, EchoMsg, EchoMsg
-  attr_reader :received_md
-
-  def initialize(**kw)
-    @trailing_metadata = kw
-    @received_md = []
-  end
-
-  def an_rpc(req, call)
-    GRPC.logger.info('echo service received a request')
-    call.output_metadata.update(@trailing_metadata)
-    @received_md << call.metadata unless call.metadata.nil?
-    req
-  end
-end
-
-EchoStub = EchoService.rpc_stub_class
-
 def start_server(port = 0)
   @srv = GRPC::RpcServer.new(pool_size: 1)
   server_port = @srv.add_http2_port("localhost:#{port}", :this_port_is_insecure)
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/client_server_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/client_server_spec.rb
index 1a9b47e2c3..adab8c9d14 100644
--- a/src/ruby/spec/client_server_spec.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/client_server_spec.rb
@@ -29,14 +29,18 @@ shared_context 'setup: tags' do
     expect(recvd_rpc).to_not eq nil
     server_call = recvd_rpc.call
     ops = { CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => metadata }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(ops)
+    expect(server_batch.send_metadata).to be true
     server_call
   end
 
   def new_client_call
     @ch.create_call(nil, nil, '/method', nil, deadline)
   end
+
+  def ok_status
+    Struct::Status.new(StatusCodes::OK, 'OK')
+  end
 end
 
 shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
@@ -70,19 +74,32 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
 
     client_ops = {
       CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => {},
-      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message
+      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message,
+      CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.send_message).to be true
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_message).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
     # confirm the server can read the inbound message
     server_thread.join
     server_ops = {
-      CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil
+      CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+      CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.message).to eq(sent_message)
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(server_batch.message).to eq(sent_message)
+    expect(server_batch.send_close).to be true
+    expect(server_batch.send_status).to be true
+
+    # finish the call
+    final_client_batch = call.run_batch(
+      CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
+    expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+    expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
   end
 
   it 'responses written by servers are received by the client' do
@@ -95,21 +112,36 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
 
     client_ops = {
       CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => {},
-      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message
+      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message,
+      CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.send_message).to be true
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_message).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
     # confirm the server can read the inbound message
     server_thread.join
     server_ops = {
       CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil,
-      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => reply_text
+      CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => reply_text,
+      CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.message).to eq(sent_message)
-    expect(svr_batch.send_message).to be true
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(server_batch.message).to eq(sent_message)
+    expect(server_batch.send_close).to be true
+    expect(server_batch.send_message).to be true
+    expect(server_batch.send_status).to be true
+
+    # finish the call
+    final_client_batch = call.run_batch(
+      CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
+    expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+    expect(final_client_batch.message).to eq(reply_text)
+    expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
   end
 
   it 'compressed messages can be sent and received' do
@@ -125,30 +157,37 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
 
     client_ops = {
       CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => md,
-      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => long_request_str
+      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => long_request_str,
+      CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.send_message).to be true
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_message).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
     # confirm the server can read the inbound message
     server_thread.join
     server_ops = {
       CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil,
-      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => long_response_str
+      CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => long_response_str,
+      CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.message).to eq(long_request_str)
-    expect(svr_batch.send_message).to be true
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(server_batch.message).to eq(long_request_str)
+    expect(server_batch.send_close).to be true
+    expect(server_batch.send_message).to be true
+    expect(server_batch.send_status).to be true
 
     client_ops = {
-      CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil,
       CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
-      CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil
+      CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_close).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.message).to eq long_response_str
+    final_client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+    expect(final_client_batch.message).to eq long_response_str
+    expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
   end
 
   it 'servers can ignore a client write and send a status' do
@@ -161,11 +200,13 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
 
     client_ops = {
       CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => {},
-      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message
+      CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message,
+      CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.send_message).to be true
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_message).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
     # confirm the server can read the inbound message
     the_status = Struct::Status.new(StatusCodes::OK, 'OK')
@@ -173,9 +214,15 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
     server_ops = {
       CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => the_status
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.message).to eq nil
-    expect(svr_batch.send_status).to be true
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(server_batch.message).to eq nil
+    expect(server_batch.send_status).to be true
+
+    final_client_batch = call.run_batch(
+      CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
+    expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+    expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
   end
 
   it 'completes calls by sending status to client and server' do
@@ -190,9 +237,9 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
       CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => {},
       CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => sent_message
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.send_message).to be true
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_message).to be true
 
     # confirm the server can read the inbound message and respond
     the_status = Struct::Status.new(StatusCodes::OK, 'OK', {})
@@ -202,10 +249,10 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
       CallOps::SEND_MESSAGE => reply_text,
       CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => the_status
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.message).to eq sent_message
-    expect(svr_batch.send_status).to be true
-    expect(svr_batch.send_message).to be true
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(server_batch.message).to eq sent_message
+    expect(server_batch.send_status).to be true
+    expect(server_batch.send_message).to be true
 
     # confirm the client can receive the server response and status.
     client_ops = {
@@ -214,17 +261,17 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
       CallOps::RECV_MESSAGE => nil,
       CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_close).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.message).to eq reply_text
-    expect(batch_result.status).to eq the_status
+    final_client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(final_client_batch.send_close).to be true
+    expect(final_client_batch.message).to eq reply_text
+    expect(final_client_batch.status).to eq the_status
 
     # confirm the server can receive the client close.
     server_ops = {
       CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.send_close).to be true
+    final_server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(final_server_batch.send_close).to be true
   end
 
   def client_cancel_test(cancel_proc, expected_code,
@@ -240,9 +287,9 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
       CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => {},
       CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
-    expect(batch_result.metadata).to eq({})
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
 
     cancel_proc.call(call)
 
@@ -250,16 +297,16 @@ shared_examples 'basic GRPC message delivery is OK' do
     server_ops = {
       CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil
     }
-    svr_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
-    expect(svr_batch.send_close).to be true
+    server_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+    expect(server_batch.send_close).to be true
 
     client_ops = {
       CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => {}
     }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
 
-    expect(batch_result.status.code).to be expected_code
-    expect(batch_result.status.details).to eq expected_details
+    expect(client_batch.status.code).to be expected_code
+    expect(client_batch.status.details).to eq expected_details
   end
 
   it 'clients can cancel a call on the server' do
@@ -325,10 +372,11 @@ shared_examples 'GRPC metadata delivery works OK' do
 
         call = new_client_call
         client_ops = {
-          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => md
+          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => md,
+          CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
         }
-        batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-        expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
+        client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+        expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
 
         # confirm the server can receive the client metadata
         rcv_thread.join
@@ -336,6 +384,21 @@ shared_examples 'GRPC metadata delivery works OK' do
         recvd_md = recvd_rpc.metadata
         replace_symbols = Hash[md.each_pair.collect { |x, y| [x.to_s, y] }]
         expect(recvd_md).to eq(recvd_md.merge(replace_symbols))
+
+        # finish the call
+        final_server_batch = recvd_rpc.call.run_batch(
+          CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+          CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status)
+        expect(final_server_batch.send_close).to be(true)
+        expect(final_server_batch.send_metadata).to be(true)
+        expect(final_server_batch.send_status).to be(true)
+
+        final_client_batch = call.run_batch(
+          CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+          CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
+        expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+        expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -381,6 +444,9 @@ shared_examples 'GRPC metadata delivery works OK' do
           recvd_rpc.call.run_batch(server_ops)
         end
         expect(&blk).to raise_error
+
+        # cancel the call so the server can shut down immediately
+        call.cancel
       end
     end
 
@@ -394,25 +460,37 @@ shared_examples 'GRPC metadata delivery works OK' do
       # client signals that it's done sending metadata to allow server to
       # respond
       client_ops = {
-        CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil
+        CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+        CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
       }
-      call.run_batch(client_ops)
+      client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+      expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+      expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
       # server gets the invocation but sends no metadata back
       rcv_thread.join
       expect(recvd_rpc).to_not eq nil
       server_call = recvd_rpc.call
       server_ops = {
-        CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil
+        # receive close and send status to finish the call
+        CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+        CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+        CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status
       }
-      server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+      srv_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+      expect(srv_batch.send_close).to be true
+      expect(srv_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+      expect(srv_batch.send_status).to be true
 
       # client receives nothing as expected
       client_ops = {
-        CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil
+        CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+        # receive status to finish the call
+        CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil
       }
-      batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-      expect(batch_result.metadata).to eq({})
+      final_client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+      expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+      expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
     end
 
     it 'sends all the pairs when keys and values are valid' do
@@ -426,26 +504,36 @@ shared_examples 'GRPC metadata delivery works OK' do
         # client signals that it's done sending metadata to allow server to
         # respond
         client_ops = {
-          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil
+          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+          CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil
         }
-        call.run_batch(client_ops)
+        client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+        expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+        expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
         # server gets the invocation but sends no metadata back
         rcv_thread.join
         expect(recvd_rpc).to_not eq nil
         server_call = recvd_rpc.call
         server_ops = {
-          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => md
+          CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+          CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => md,
+          CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status
         }
-        server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+        srv_batch = server_call.run_batch(server_ops)
+        expect(srv_batch.send_close).to be true
+        expect(srv_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+        expect(srv_batch.send_status).to be true
 
         # client receives nothing as expected
         client_ops = {
-          CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil
+          CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+          CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil
         }
-        batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
+        final_client_batch = call.run_batch(client_ops)
         replace_symbols = Hash[md.each_pair.collect { |x, y| [x.to_s, y] }]
-        expect(batch_result.metadata).to eq(replace_symbols)
+        expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq(replace_symbols)
+        expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -510,8 +598,7 @@ describe 'the secure http client/server' do
 
     initial_md_key = 'k2'
     initial_md_val = 'v2'
-    initial_md = {}
-    initial_md[initial_md_key] = initial_md_val
+    initial_md = { initial_md_key => initial_md_val }
     expected_md = creds_update_md.clone
     fail 'bad test param' unless expected_md[initial_md_key].nil?
     expected_md[initial_md_key] = initial_md_val
@@ -523,11 +610,12 @@ describe 'the secure http client/server' do
 
     call = new_client_call
     call.set_credentials! call_creds
-    client_ops = {
-      CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => initial_md
-    }
-    batch_result = call.run_batch(client_ops)
-    expect(batch_result.send_metadata).to be true
+
+    client_batch = call.run_batch(
+      CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => initial_md,
+      CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil)
+    expect(client_batch.send_metadata).to be true
+    expect(client_batch.send_close).to be true
 
     # confirm the server can receive the client metadata
     rcv_thread.join
@@ -535,6 +623,24 @@ describe 'the secure http client/server' do
     recvd_md = recvd_rpc.metadata
     replace_symbols = Hash[expected_md.each_pair.collect { |x, y| [x.to_s, y] }]
     expect(recvd_md).to eq(recvd_md.merge(replace_symbols))
+
+    credentials_update_test_finish_call(call, recvd_rpc.call)
+  end
+
+  def credentials_update_test_finish_call(client_call, server_call)
+    final_server_batch = server_call.run_batch(
+      CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+      CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+      CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status)
+    expect(final_server_batch.send_close).to be(true)
+    expect(final_server_batch.send_metadata).to be(true)
+    expect(final_server_batch.send_status).to be(true)
+
+    final_client_batch = client_call.run_batch(
+      CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil,
+      CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
+    expect(final_client_batch.metadata).to eq({})
+    expect(final_client_batch.status.code).to eq(0)
   end
 
   it 'modifies metadata with CallCredentials' do
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/generic/active_call_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/generic/active_call_spec.rb
index ec0c294174..120acc35af 100644
--- a/src/ruby/spec/generic/active_call_spec.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/generic/active_call_spec.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-require 'grpc'
+require 'spec_helper'
 
 include GRPC::Core::StatusCodes
 
@@ -22,6 +22,21 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
   CallOps = GRPC::Core::CallOps
   WriteFlags = GRPC::Core::WriteFlags
 
+  def ok_status
+    Struct::Status.new(OK, 'OK')
+  end
+
+  def send_and_receive_close_and_status(client_call, server_call)
+    client_call.run_batch(CallOps::SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT => nil)
+    server_call.run_batch(CallOps::RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER => nil,
+                          CallOps::SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER => ok_status)
+    client_call.run_batch(CallOps::RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT => nil)
+  end
+
+  def inner_call_of_active_call(active_call)
+    active_call.instance_variable_get(:@call)
+  end
+
   before(:each) do
     @pass_through = proc { |x| x }
     host = '0.0.0.0:0'
@@ -67,16 +82,26 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
         end
       end
     end
+
+    describe '#interceptable' do
+      it 'exposes a fixed subset of the ActiveCall.methods' do
+        want = %w(deadline)
+        v = @client_call.interceptable
+        want.each do |w|
+          expect(v.methods.include?(w))
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#remote_send' do
-    it 'allows a client to send a payload to the server' do
+    it 'allows a client to send a payload to the server', test: true do
       call = make_test_call
       ActiveCall.client_invoke(call)
-      @client_call = ActiveCall.new(call, @pass_through,
-                                    @pass_through, deadline)
+      client_call = ActiveCall.new(call, @pass_through,
+                                   @pass_through, deadline)
       msg = 'message is a string'
-      @client_call.remote_send(msg)
+      client_call.remote_send(msg)
 
       # check that server rpc new was received
       recvd_rpc = @server.request_call
@@ -86,8 +111,13 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       # Accept the call, and verify that the server reads the response ok.
       server_call = ActiveCall.new(recvd_call, @pass_through,
                                    @pass_through, deadline,
-                                   metadata_received: true)
+                                   metadata_received: true,
+                                   started: false)
       expect(server_call.remote_read).to eq(msg)
+      # finish the call
+      server_call.send_initial_metadata
+      call.run_batch(CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil)
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(call, recvd_call)
     end
 
     it 'marshals the payload using the marshal func' do
@@ -109,6 +139,9 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
                                    @pass_through, deadline,
                                    metadata_received: true)
       expect(server_call.remote_read).to eq('marshalled:' + msg)
+      # finish the call
+      call.run_batch(CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil)
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(call, recvd_call)
     end
 
     TEST_WRITE_FLAGS = [WriteFlags::BUFFER_HINT, WriteFlags::NO_COMPRESS]
@@ -136,6 +169,9 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
                                      @pass_through, deadline,
                                      metadata_received: true)
         expect(server_call.remote_read).to eq('marshalled:' + msg)
+        # finish the call
+        server_call.send_status(OK, '', true)
+        client_call.receive_and_check_status
       end
     end
   end
@@ -177,7 +213,6 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
                                     @pass_through,
                                     @pass_through,
                                     deadline)
-
       expect(@client_call.metadata_sent).to eql(true)
       expect(call).to(
         receive(:run_batch).with(hash_including(
@@ -291,6 +326,10 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       expect(recvd_rpc.metadata).to_not be_nil
       expect(recvd_rpc.metadata['k1']).to eq('v1')
       expect(recvd_rpc.metadata['k2']).to eq('v2')
+      # finish the call
+      recvd_call.run_batch(CallOps::SEND_INITIAL_METADATA => {})
+      call.run_batch(CallOps::RECV_INITIAL_METADATA => nil)
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(call, recvd_call)
     end
   end
 
@@ -324,6 +363,8 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       server_call = expect_server_to_receive(msg)
       server_call.remote_send('server_response')
       expect(client_call.remote_read).to eq('server_response')
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(
+        call, inner_call_of_active_call(server_call))
     end
 
     it 'saves no metadata when the server adds no metadata' do
@@ -338,6 +379,8 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       expect(client_call.metadata).to be_nil
       client_call.remote_read
       expect(client_call.metadata).to eq({})
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(
+        call, inner_call_of_active_call(server_call))
     end
 
     it 'saves metadata add by the server' do
@@ -353,6 +396,8 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       client_call.remote_read
       expected = { 'k1' => 'v1', 'k2' => 'v2' }
       expect(client_call.metadata).to eq(expected)
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(
+        call, inner_call_of_active_call(server_call))
     end
 
     it 'get a status from server when nothing else sent from server' do
@@ -409,6 +454,8 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       server_call = expect_server_to_receive(msg)
       server_call.remote_send('server_response')
       expect(client_call.remote_read).to eq('unmarshalled:server_response')
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(
+        call, inner_call_of_active_call(server_call))
     end
   end
 
@@ -418,9 +465,11 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
       client_call = ActiveCall.new(call, @pass_through,
                                    @pass_through, deadline)
       expect(client_call.each_remote_read).to be_a(Enumerator)
+      # finish the call
+      client_call.cancel
     end
 
-    it 'the returns an enumerator that can read n responses' do
+    it 'the returned enumerator can read n responses' do
       call = make_test_call
       ActiveCall.client_invoke(call)
       client_call = ActiveCall.new(call, @pass_through,
@@ -435,6 +484,8 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
         server_call.remote_send(reply)
         expect(e.next).to eq(reply)
       end
+      send_and_receive_close_and_status(
+        call, inner_call_of_active_call(server_call))
     end
 
     it 'the returns an enumerator that stops after an OK Status' do
@@ -453,7 +504,7 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
         server_call.remote_send(reply)
         expect(e.next).to eq(reply)
       end
-      server_call.send_status(OK, 'OK')
+      server_call.send_status(OK, 'OK', true)
       expect { e.next }.to raise_error(StopIteration)
     end
   end
@@ -568,9 +619,11 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
         msgs
       end
 
+      int_ctx = GRPC::InterceptionContext.new
+
       @server_thread = Thread.new do
         @server_call.run_server_bidi(
-          fake_gen_each_reply_with_no_call_param)
+          fake_gen_each_reply_with_no_call_param, int_ctx)
         @server_call.send_status(@server_status)
       end
     end
@@ -583,10 +636,11 @@ describe GRPC::ActiveCall do
         call_param.send_initial_metadata
         msgs
       end
+      int_ctx = GRPC::InterceptionContext.new
 
       @server_thread = Thread.new do
         @server_call.run_server_bidi(
-          fake_gen_each_reply_with_call_param)
+          fake_gen_each_reply_with_call_param, int_ctx)
         @server_call.send_status(@server_status)
       end
     end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/generic/client_interceptors_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/generic/client_interceptors_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f292715e4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/generic/client_interceptors_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'Client Interceptors' do
+  let(:interceptor) { TestClientInterceptor.new }
+  let(:interceptors_opts) { { interceptors: [interceptor] } }
+  let(:request) { EchoMsg.new }
+  let(:service) { EchoService }
+
+  before(:each) do
+    build_rpc_server
+  end
+
+  context 'when a client interceptor is added' do
+    context 'with a request/response call' do
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:request_response)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:request_response)
+            .once.and_call_original
+          expect(stub.an_rpc(request)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify outgoing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:request_response)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:request_response)
+            .with(request, metadata: { 'foo' => 'bar_from_request_response' })
+            .once.and_call_original
+          expect(stub.an_rpc(request)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with a client streaming call' do
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:client_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:client_streamer)
+            .once.and_call_original
+          requests = [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new]
+          expect(stub.a_client_streaming_rpc(requests)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify outgoing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:client_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          requests = [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new]
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:client_streamer)
+            .with(requests, metadata: { 'foo' => 'bar_from_client_streamer' })
+            .once.and_call_original
+          expect(stub.a_client_streaming_rpc(requests)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with a server streaming call' do
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:server_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          request = EchoMsg.new
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:server_streamer)
+            .once.and_call_original
+          responses = stub.a_server_streaming_rpc(request)
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify outgoing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:server_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          request = EchoMsg.new
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:server_streamer)
+            .with(request, metadata: { 'foo' => 'bar_from_server_streamer' })
+            .once.and_call_original
+          responses = stub.a_server_streaming_rpc(request)
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with a bidi call' do
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:bidi_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:bidi_streamer)
+            .once.and_call_original
+          requests = [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new]
+          responses = stub.a_bidi_rpc(requests)
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify outgoing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:bidi_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub, opts: interceptors_opts)
+          requests = [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new]
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to receive(:bidi_streamer)
+            .with(requests, metadata: { 'foo' => 'bar_from_bidi_streamer' })
+            .once.and_call_original
+          responses = stub.a_bidi_rpc(requests)
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/generic/interceptor_registry_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/generic/interceptor_registry_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f93f5cec09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/generic/interceptor_registry_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe GRPC::InterceptorRegistry do
+  let(:server) { RpcServer.new }
+  let(:interceptor) { TestServerInterceptor.new }
+  let(:interceptors) { [interceptor] }
+  let(:registry) { described_class.new(interceptors) }
+
+  describe 'initialization' do
+    subject { registry }
+
+    context 'with an interceptor extending GRPC::ServerInterceptor' do
+      it 'should add the interceptor to the registry' do
+        subject
+        is = registry.instance_variable_get('@interceptors')
+        expect(is.count).to eq 1
+        expect(is.first).to eq interceptor
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with multiple interceptors' do
+      let(:interceptor2) { TestServerInterceptor.new }
+      let(:interceptor3) { TestServerInterceptor.new }
+      let(:interceptors) { [interceptor, interceptor2, interceptor3] }
+
+      it 'should maintain order of insertion when iterated against' do
+        subject
+        is = registry.instance_variable_get('@interceptors')
+        expect(is.count).to eq 3
+        is.each_with_index do |i, idx|
+          case idx
+          when 0
+            expect(i).to eq interceptor
+          when 1
+            expect(i).to eq interceptor2
+          when 2
+            expect(i).to eq interceptor3
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with an interceptor not extending GRPC::ServerInterceptor' do
+      let(:interceptor) { Class }
+      let(:err) { GRPC::InterceptorRegistry::DescendantError }
+
+      it 'should raise an InvalidArgument exception' do
+        expect { subject }.to raise_error(err)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/generic/rpc_server_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/generic/rpc_server_spec.rb
index b887eaaf4e..05059fbecf 100644
--- a/src/ruby/spec/generic/rpc_server_spec.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/generic/rpc_server_spec.rb
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
-
-require 'grpc'
+require 'spec_helper'
 
 def load_test_certs
   test_root = File.join(File.dirname(File.dirname(__FILE__)), 'testdata')
@@ -28,17 +27,6 @@ def check_md(wanted_md, received_md)
   end
 end
 
-# A test message
-class EchoMsg
-  def self.marshal(_o)
-    ''
-  end
-
-  def self.unmarshal(_o)
-    EchoMsg.new
-  end
-end
-
 # A test service with no methods.
 class EmptyService
   include GRPC::GenericService
@@ -50,27 +38,6 @@ class NoRpcImplementation
   rpc :an_rpc, EchoMsg, EchoMsg
 end
 
-# A test service with an echo implementation.
-class EchoService
-  include GRPC::GenericService
-  rpc :an_rpc, EchoMsg, EchoMsg
-  attr_reader :received_md
-
-  def initialize(**kw)
-    @trailing_metadata = kw
-    @received_md = []
-  end
-
-  def an_rpc(req, call)
-    GRPC.logger.info('echo service received a request')
-    call.output_metadata.update(@trailing_metadata)
-    @received_md << call.metadata unless call.metadata.nil?
-    req
-  end
-end
-
-EchoStub = EchoService.rpc_stub_class
-
 # A test service with an implementation that fails with BadStatus
 class FailingService
   include GRPC::GenericService
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/generic/server_interceptors_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/generic/server_interceptors_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb86686084
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/generic/server_interceptors_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'Server Interceptors' do
+  let(:interceptor) { TestServerInterceptor.new }
+  let(:request) { EchoMsg.new }
+  let(:trailing_metadata) { {} }
+  let(:service) { EchoService.new(trailing_metadata) }
+  let(:interceptors) { [] }
+
+  before(:each) do
+    build_rpc_server(server_opts: { interceptors: interceptors })
+  end
+
+  context 'when a server interceptor is added' do
+    let(:interceptors) { [interceptor] }
+    let(:client_metadata) { { client_md: 'test' } }
+    let(:client_call_opts) { { metadata: client_metadata, return_op: true } }
+
+    context 'with a request/response call' do
+      let(:trailing_metadata) { { server_om: 'from_request_response' } }
+
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:request_response)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          expect(stub.an_rpc(request)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify trailing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:request_response)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to(
+            receive(:request_response).with(request, metadata: client_metadata)
+              .once.and_call_original
+          )
+          op = stub.an_rpc(request, client_call_opts)
+          msg = op.execute
+          expect(op.trailing_metadata).to eq(
+            'interc' => 'from_request_response',
+            'server_om' => 'from_request_response'
+          )
+          expect(msg).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with a client streaming call' do
+      let(:trailing_metadata) { { server_om: 'from_client_streamer' } }
+      let(:requests) { [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new] }
+
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:client_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          expect(stub.a_client_streaming_rpc(requests)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify trailing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:client_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to(
+            receive(:client_streamer).with(requests)
+              .once.and_call_original
+          )
+          op = stub.a_client_streaming_rpc(requests, client_call_opts)
+          msg = op.execute
+          expect(op.trailing_metadata).to eq(
+            'interc' => 'from_client_streamer',
+            'server_om' => 'from_client_streamer'
+          )
+          expect(msg).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with a server streaming call' do
+      let(:trailing_metadata) { { server_om: 'from_server_streamer' } }
+      let(:request) { EchoMsg.new }
+
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:server_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          responses = stub.a_server_streaming_rpc(request)
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify trailing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:server_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to(
+            receive(:server_streamer).with(request)
+              .once.and_call_original
+          )
+          op = stub.a_server_streaming_rpc(request, client_call_opts)
+          responses = op.execute
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+          expect(op.trailing_metadata).to eq(
+            'interc' => 'from_server_streamer',
+            'server_om' => 'from_server_streamer'
+          )
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with a bidi call' do
+      let(:trailing_metadata) { { server_om: 'from_bidi_streamer' } }
+      let(:requests) { [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new] }
+
+      it 'should be called', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:bidi_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          responses = stub.a_bidi_rpc(requests)
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'can modify trailing metadata', server: true do
+        expect(interceptor).to receive(:bidi_streamer)
+          .once.and_call_original
+
+        run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+          stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+          expect_any_instance_of(GRPC::ActiveCall).to(
+            receive(:bidi_streamer).with(requests)
+              .once.and_call_original
+          )
+          op = stub.a_bidi_rpc(requests, client_call_opts)
+          responses = op.execute
+          responses.each do |r|
+            expect(r).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+          end
+          expect(op.trailing_metadata).to eq(
+            'interc' => 'from_bidi_streamer',
+            'server_om' => 'from_bidi_streamer'
+          )
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'when multiple interceptors are added' do
+    let(:interceptor2) { TestServerInterceptor.new }
+    let(:interceptor3) { TestServerInterceptor.new }
+    let(:interceptors) do
+      [
+        interceptor,
+        interceptor2,
+        interceptor3
+      ]
+    end
+
+    it 'each should be called', server: true do
+      expect(interceptor).to receive(:request_response)
+        .once.and_call_original
+      expect(interceptor2).to receive(:request_response)
+        .once.and_call_original
+      expect(interceptor3).to receive(:request_response)
+        .once.and_call_original
+
+      run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+        stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+        expect(stub.an_rpc(request)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'when an interceptor is not added' do
+    it 'should not be called', server: true do
+      expect(interceptor).to_not receive(:call)
+
+      run_services_on_server(@server, services: [service]) do
+        stub = build_insecure_stub(EchoStub)
+        expect(stub.an_rpc(request)).to be_a(EchoMsg)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/google_rpc_status_utils_spec.rb b/src/ruby/spec/google_rpc_status_utils_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe221c30dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/google_rpc_status_utils_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+require 'grpc'
+require_relative '../lib/grpc/google_rpc_status_utils'
+require_relative '../pb/src/proto/grpc/testing/messages_pb'
+require_relative '../pb/src/proto/grpc/testing/messages_pb'
+require 'google/protobuf/well_known_types'
+
+include GRPC::Core
+
+describe 'conversion from a status struct to a google protobuf status' do
+  it 'fails if the input is not a status struct' do
+    begin
+      GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status('string')
+    rescue => e
+      exception = e
+    end
+    expect(exception.is_a?(ArgumentError)).to be true
+    expect(exception.message.include?('bad type')).to be true
+  end
+
+  it 'fails with some error if the header key is missing' do
+    status = Struct::Status.new(1, 'details', key: 'val')
+    expect(status.metadata.nil?).to be false
+    expect do
+      GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+    end.to raise_error(StandardError)
+  end
+
+  it 'fails with some error if the header key fails to deserialize' do
+    status = Struct::Status.new(1, 'details',
+                                'grpc-status-details-bin' => 'string_val')
+    expect do
+      GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+    end.to raise_error(StandardError)
+  end
+
+  it 'silently ignores erroneous mismatch between messages in '\
+    'status struct and protobuf status' do
+    proto = Google::Rpc::Status.new(code: 1, message: 'proto message')
+    encoded_proto = Google::Rpc::Status.encode(proto)
+    status = Struct::Status.new(1, 'struct message',
+                                'grpc-status-details-bin' => encoded_proto)
+    rpc_status = GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+    expect(rpc_status).to eq(proto)
+  end
+
+  it 'silently ignores erroneous mismatch between codes in status struct '\
+    'and protobuf status' do
+    proto = Google::Rpc::Status.new(code: 1, message: 'matching message')
+    encoded_proto = Google::Rpc::Status.encode(proto)
+    status = Struct::Status.new(2, 'matching message',
+                                'grpc-status-details-bin' => encoded_proto)
+    rpc_status = GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+    expect(rpc_status).to eq(proto)
+  end
+
+  it 'can succesfully convert a status struct into a google protobuf status '\
+    'when there are no rpcstatus details' do
+    proto = Google::Rpc::Status.new(code: 1, message: 'matching message')
+    encoded_proto = Google::Rpc::Status.encode(proto)
+    status = Struct::Status.new(1, 'matching message',
+                                'grpc-status-details-bin' => encoded_proto)
+    out = GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+    expect(out.code).to eq(1)
+    expect(out.message).to eq('matching message')
+    expect(out.details).to eq([])
+  end
+
+  it 'can succesfully convert a status struct into a google protobuf '\
+    'status when there are multiple rpcstatus details' do
+    simple_request_any = Google::Protobuf::Any.new
+    simple_request = Grpc::Testing::SimpleRequest.new(
+      payload: Grpc::Testing::Payload.new(body: 'request'))
+    simple_request_any.pack(simple_request)
+    simple_response_any = Google::Protobuf::Any.new
+    simple_response = Grpc::Testing::SimpleResponse.new(
+      payload: Grpc::Testing::Payload.new(body: 'response'))
+    simple_response_any.pack(simple_response)
+    payload_any = Google::Protobuf::Any.new
+    payload = Grpc::Testing::Payload.new(body: 'payload')
+    payload_any.pack(payload)
+    proto = Google::Rpc::Status.new(code: 1,
+                                    message: 'matching message',
+                                    details: [
+                                      simple_request_any,
+                                      simple_response_any,
+                                      payload_any
+                                    ])
+    encoded_proto = Google::Rpc::Status.encode(proto)
+    status = Struct::Status.new(1, 'matching message',
+                                'grpc-status-details-bin' => encoded_proto)
+    out = GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(status)
+    expect(out.code).to eq(1)
+    expect(out.message).to eq('matching message')
+    expect(out.details[0].unpack(
+             Grpc::Testing::SimpleRequest)).to eq(simple_request)
+    expect(out.details[1].unpack(
+             Grpc::Testing::SimpleResponse)).to eq(simple_response)
+    expect(out.details[2].unpack(
+             Grpc::Testing::Payload)).to eq(payload)
+  end
+end
+
+# Test message
+class EchoMsg
+  def self.marshal(_o)
+    ''
+  end
+
+  def self.unmarshal(_o)
+    EchoMsg.new
+  end
+end
+
+# A test service that fills in the "reserved" grpc-status-details-bin trailer,
+# for client-side testing of GoogleRpcStatus protobuf extraction from trailers.
+class GoogleRpcStatusTestService
+  include GRPC::GenericService
+  rpc :an_rpc, EchoMsg, EchoMsg
+
+  def initialize(encoded_rpc_status)
+    @encoded_rpc_status = encoded_rpc_status
+  end
+
+  def an_rpc(_, _)
+    # TODO: create a server-side utility API for sending a google rpc status.
+    # Applications are not expected to set the grpc-status-details-bin
+    # ("grpc"-fixed and reserved for library use) manually.
+    # Doing so here is only for testing of the client-side api for extracting
+    # a google rpc status, which is useful
+    # when the interacting with a server that does fill in this trailer.
+    fail GRPC::Unknown.new('test message',
+                           'grpc-status-details-bin' => @encoded_rpc_status)
+  end
+end
+
+GoogleRpcStatusTestStub = GoogleRpcStatusTestService.rpc_stub_class
+
+describe 'receving a google rpc status from a remote endpoint' do
+  def start_server(encoded_rpc_status)
+    @srv = GRPC::RpcServer.new(pool_size: 1)
+    @server_port = @srv.add_http2_port('localhost:0',
+                                       :this_port_is_insecure)
+    @srv.handle(GoogleRpcStatusTestService.new(encoded_rpc_status))
+    @server_thd = Thread.new { @srv.run }
+    @srv.wait_till_running
+  end
+
+  def stop_server
+    expect(@srv.stopped?).to be(false)
+    @srv.stop
+    @server_thd.join
+    expect(@srv.stopped?).to be(true)
+  end
+
+  before(:each) do
+    simple_request_any = Google::Protobuf::Any.new
+    simple_request = Grpc::Testing::SimpleRequest.new(
+      payload: Grpc::Testing::Payload.new(body: 'request'))
+    simple_request_any.pack(simple_request)
+    simple_response_any = Google::Protobuf::Any.new
+    simple_response = Grpc::Testing::SimpleResponse.new(
+      payload: Grpc::Testing::Payload.new(body: 'response'))
+    simple_response_any.pack(simple_response)
+    payload_any = Google::Protobuf::Any.new
+    payload = Grpc::Testing::Payload.new(body: 'payload')
+    payload_any.pack(payload)
+    @expected_proto = Google::Rpc::Status.new(
+      code: StatusCodes::UNKNOWN,
+      message: 'test message',
+      details: [simple_request_any, simple_response_any, payload_any])
+    start_server(Google::Rpc::Status.encode(@expected_proto))
+  end
+
+  after(:each) do
+    stop_server
+  end
+
+  it 'should receive be able to extract a google rpc status from the '\
+    'status struct taken from a BadStatus exception' do
+    stub = GoogleRpcStatusTestStub.new("localhost:#{@server_port}",
+                                       :this_channel_is_insecure)
+    begin
+      stub.an_rpc(EchoMsg.new)
+    rescue GRPC::BadStatus => e
+      rpc_status = GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(
+        e.to_status)
+    end
+    expect(rpc_status).to eq(@expected_proto)
+  end
+
+  it 'should receive be able to extract a google rpc status from the '\
+    'status struct taken from the op view of a call' do
+    stub = GoogleRpcStatusTestStub.new("localhost:#{@server_port}",
+                                       :this_channel_is_insecure)
+    op = stub.an_rpc(EchoMsg.new, return_op: true)
+    begin
+      op.execute
+    rescue GRPC::BadStatus => e
+      status_from_exception = e.to_status
+    end
+    rpc_status = GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(
+      op.status)
+    expect(rpc_status).to eq(@expected_proto)
+    # "to_status" on the bad status should give the same result
+    # as "status" on the "op view".
+    expect(GRPC::GoogleRpcStatusUtils.extract_google_rpc_status(
+             status_from_exception)).to eq(rpc_status)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb b/src/ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb
index 6e1eba1945..8fe9e6e808 100644
--- a/src/ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ require 'rspec'
 require 'logging'
 require 'rspec/logging_helper'
 
+require_relative 'support/services'
+require_relative 'support/helpers'
+
 # GRPC is the general RPC module
 #
 # Configure its logging for fine-grained log control during test runs
@@ -49,6 +52,7 @@ Logging.logger['GRPC::BidiCall'].level = :info
 RSpec.configure do |config|
   include RSpec::LoggingHelper
   config.capture_log_messages  # comment this out to see logs during test runs
+  include GRPC::Spec::Helpers
 end
 
 RSpec::Expectations.configuration.warn_about_potential_false_positives = false
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/support/helpers.rb b/src/ruby/spec/support/helpers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65fffff9e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/support/helpers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# GRPC contains the General RPC module.
+module GRPC
+  ##
+  # GRPC RSpec base module
+  #
+  module Spec
+    ##
+    # A module that is used for providing generic helpers across the
+    # GRPC test suite
+    #
+    module Helpers
+      # Shortcut syntax for a GRPC RPC Server
+      RpcServer = GRPC::RpcServer
+
+      ##
+      # Build an RPC server used for testing
+      #
+      def build_rpc_server(server_opts: {},
+                           client_opts: {})
+        @server = RpcServer.new({ poll_period: 1 }.merge(server_opts))
+        @port = @server.add_http2_port('0.0.0.0:0', :this_port_is_insecure)
+        @host = "0.0.0.0:#{@port}"
+        @client_opts = client_opts
+        @server
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Run services on an RPC server, yielding to allow testing within
+      #
+      # @param [RpcServer] server
+      # @param [Array<Class>] services
+      #
+      def run_services_on_server(server, services: [])
+        services.each do |s|
+          server.handle(s)
+        end
+        t = Thread.new { server.run }
+        server.wait_till_running
+
+        yield
+
+        server.stop
+        t.join
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Build an insecure stub from a given stub class
+      #
+      # @param [Class] klass
+      # @param [String] host
+      #
+      def build_insecure_stub(klass, host: nil, opts: nil)
+        host ||= @host
+        opts ||= @client_opts
+        klass.new(host, :this_channel_is_insecure, **opts)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/ruby/spec/support/services.rb b/src/ruby/spec/support/services.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27cc8e61ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ruby/spec/support/services.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# Copyright 2017 gRPC authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# Test stubs for various scenarios
+require 'grpc'
+
+# A test message
+class EchoMsg
+  def self.marshal(_o)
+    ''
+  end
+
+  def self.unmarshal(_o)
+    EchoMsg.new
+  end
+end
+
+# A test service with an echo implementation.
+class EchoService
+  include GRPC::GenericService
+  rpc :an_rpc, EchoMsg, EchoMsg
+  rpc :a_client_streaming_rpc, stream(EchoMsg), EchoMsg
+  rpc :a_server_streaming_rpc, EchoMsg, stream(EchoMsg)
+  rpc :a_bidi_rpc, stream(EchoMsg), stream(EchoMsg)
+  attr_reader :received_md
+
+  def initialize(**kw)
+    @trailing_metadata = kw
+    @received_md = []
+  end
+
+  def an_rpc(req, call)
+    GRPC.logger.info('echo service received a request')
+    call.output_metadata.update(@trailing_metadata)
+    @received_md << call.metadata unless call.metadata.nil?
+    req
+  end
+
+  def a_client_streaming_rpc(call)
+    # iterate through requests so call can complete
+    call.output_metadata.update(@trailing_metadata)
+    call.each_remote_read.each { |r| p r }
+    EchoMsg.new
+  end
+
+  def a_server_streaming_rpc(_req, call)
+    call.output_metadata.update(@trailing_metadata)
+    [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new]
+  end
+
+  def a_bidi_rpc(requests, call)
+    call.output_metadata.update(@trailing_metadata)
+    requests.each { |r| p r }
+    [EchoMsg.new, EchoMsg.new]
+  end
+end
+
+EchoStub = EchoService.rpc_stub_class
+
+# For testing server interceptors
+class TestServerInterceptor < GRPC::ServerInterceptor
+  def request_response(request:, call:, method:)
+    p "Received request/response call at method #{method}" \
+      " with request #{request} for call #{call}"
+    call.output_metadata[:interc] = 'from_request_response'
+    p "[GRPC::Ok] (#{method.owner.name}.#{method.name})"
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def client_streamer(call:, method:)
+    call.output_metadata[:interc] = 'from_client_streamer'
+    call.each_remote_read.each do |r|
+      p "In interceptor: #{r}"
+    end
+    p "Received client streamer call at method #{method} for call #{call}"
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def server_streamer(request:, call:, method:)
+    p "Received server streamer call at method #{method} with request" \
+      " #{request} for call #{call}"
+    call.output_metadata[:interc] = 'from_server_streamer'
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def bidi_streamer(requests:, call:, method:)
+    requests.each do |r|
+      p "Bidi request: #{r}"
+    end
+    p "Received bidi streamer call at method #{method} with requests" \
+      " #{requests} for call #{call}"
+    call.output_metadata[:interc] = 'from_bidi_streamer'
+    yield
+  end
+end
+
+# For testing client interceptors
+class TestClientInterceptor < GRPC::ClientInterceptor
+  def request_response(request:, call:, method:, metadata: {})
+    p "Intercepted request/response call at method #{method}" \
+      " with request #{request} for call #{call}" \
+      " and metadata: #{metadata}"
+    metadata['foo'] = 'bar_from_request_response'
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def client_streamer(requests:, call:, method:, metadata: {})
+    p "Received client streamer call at method #{method}" \
+      " with requests #{requests} for call #{call}" \
+      " and metadata: #{metadata}"
+    requests.each do |r|
+      p "In client interceptor: #{r}"
+    end
+    metadata['foo'] = 'bar_from_client_streamer'
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def server_streamer(request:, call:, method:, metadata: {})
+    p "Received server streamer call at method #{method}" \
+      " with request #{request} for call #{call}" \
+      " and metadata: #{metadata}"
+    metadata['foo'] = 'bar_from_server_streamer'
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def bidi_streamer(requests:, call:, method:, metadata: {})
+    p "Received bidi streamer call at method #{method}" \
+      "with requests #{requests} for call #{call}" \
+      " and metadata: #{metadata}"
+    requests.each do |r|
+      p "In client interceptor: #{r}"
+    end
+    metadata['foo'] = 'bar_from_bidi_streamer'
+    yield
+  end
+end