Merge branch 'master' into node_method_name_conflicts

author: murgatroid99 <mlumish@google.com> 2015-08-28 12:36:48 -0700
committer: murgatroid99 <mlumish@google.com> 2015-08-28 12:36:48 -0700
commit: 970842535d6abdaf6c5c040fb2b432c423200f26 (patch)
tree: fac649e584b56da9bff6c19e8d3a637ce55505a4 /src
parent: 4e53265f6470a8736967f9cbc2e0797ad04755ca (diff)
parent: 956e411e31c97836702aac5675e9f509b2231426 (diff)
279 files changed, 14235 insertions, 5955 deletions
diff --git a/src/compiler/config.h b/src/compiler/config.h
index cd52aca57d..fea976c318 100644
--- a/src/compiler/config.h
+++ b/src/compiler/config.h
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
 #ifndef SRC_COMPILER_CONFIG_H
 #define SRC_COMPILER_CONFIG_H
 
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
-#include <grpc++/config_protobuf.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config_protobuf.h>
 
 #ifndef GRPC_CUSTOM_DESCRIPTOR
 #include <google/protobuf/descriptor.h>
diff --git a/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc b/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc
index ea487bcd89..1bf2b16ed6 100644
--- a/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/cpp_generator.cc
@@ -112,18 +112,18 @@ grpc::string GetHeaderPrologue(const grpc::protobuf::FileDescriptor *file,
 grpc::string GetHeaderIncludes(const grpc::protobuf::FileDescriptor *file,
                                const Parameters &params) {
   grpc::string temp =
-      "#include <grpc++/impl/internal_stub.h>\n"
+      "#include <grpc++/support/async_stream.h>\n"
       "#include <grpc++/impl/rpc_method.h>\n"
       "#include <grpc++/impl/proto_utils.h>\n"
       "#include <grpc++/impl/service_type.h>\n"
-      "#include <grpc++/async_unary_call.h>\n"
-      "#include <grpc++/status.h>\n"
-      "#include <grpc++/stream.h>\n"
-      "#include <grpc++/stub_options.h>\n"
+      "#include <grpc++/support/async_unary_call.h>\n"
+      "#include <grpc++/support/status.h>\n"
+      "#include <grpc++/support/stub_options.h>\n"
+      "#include <grpc++/support/sync_stream.h>\n"
       "\n"
       "namespace grpc {\n"
       "class CompletionQueue;\n"
-      "class ChannelInterface;\n"
+      "class Channel;\n"
       "class RpcService;\n"
       "class ServerCompletionQueue;\n"
       "class ServerContext;\n"
@@ -554,17 +554,17 @@ void PrintHeaderService(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
   printer->Outdent();
   printer->Print("};\n");
   printer->Print(
-      "class Stub GRPC_FINAL : public StubInterface,"
-      " public ::grpc::InternalStub {\n public:\n");
+      "class Stub GRPC_FINAL : public StubInterface"
+      " {\n public:\n");
   printer->Indent();
-  printer->Print(
-      "Stub(const std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::ChannelInterface>& channel);\n");
+  printer->Print("Stub(const std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::Channel>& channel);\n");
   for (int i = 0; i < service->method_count(); ++i) {
     PrintHeaderClientMethod(printer, service->method(i), vars, true);
   }
   printer->Outdent();
   printer->Print("\n private:\n");
   printer->Indent();
+  printer->Print("std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::Channel> channel_;\n");
   for (int i = 0; i < service->method_count(); ++i) {
     PrintHeaderClientMethod(printer, service->method(i), vars, false);
   }
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ void PrintHeaderService(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
   printer->Print("};\n");
   printer->Print(
       "static std::unique_ptr<Stub> NewStub(const std::shared_ptr< "
-      "::grpc::ChannelInterface>& channel, "
+      "::grpc::Channel>& channel, "
       "const ::grpc::StubOptions& options = ::grpc::StubOptions());\n");
 
   printer->Print("\n");
@@ -702,12 +702,13 @@ grpc::string GetSourceIncludes(const grpc::protobuf::FileDescriptor *file,
     grpc::protobuf::io::Printer printer(&output_stream, '$');
     std::map<grpc::string, grpc::string> vars;
 
-    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/async_unary_call.h>\n");
-    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/channel_interface.h>\n");
+    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/channel.h>\n");
     printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/impl/client_unary_call.h>\n");
     printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/impl/rpc_service_method.h>\n");
     printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/impl/service_type.h>\n");
-    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/stream.h>\n");
+    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/support/async_unary_call.h>\n");
+    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/support/async_stream.h>\n");
+    printer.Print(vars, "#include <grpc++/support/sync_stream.h>\n");
 
     if (!file->package().empty()) {
       std::vector<grpc::string> parts =
@@ -738,7 +739,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
                    "::grpc::ClientContext* context, "
                    "const $Request$& request, $Response$* response) {\n");
     printer->Print(*vars,
-                   "  return ::grpc::BlockingUnaryCall(channel(), "
+                   "  return ::grpc::BlockingUnaryCall(channel_.get(), "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, request, response);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -751,7 +752,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new "
                    "::grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader< $Response$>("
-                   "channel(), cq, "
+                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, request);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -762,7 +763,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
                    "::grpc::ClientContext* context, $Response$* response) {\n");
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new ::grpc::ClientWriter< $Request$>("
-                   "channel(), "
+                   "channel_.get(), "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, response);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -773,7 +774,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
                    "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new ::grpc::ClientAsyncWriter< $Request$>("
-                   "channel(), cq, "
+                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, response, tag);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -785,7 +786,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
         "::grpc::ClientContext* context, const $Request$& request) {\n");
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new ::grpc::ClientReader< $Response$>("
-                   "channel(), "
+                   "channel_.get(), "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, request);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -796,7 +797,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
                    "::grpc::CompletionQueue* cq, void* tag) {\n");
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new ::grpc::ClientAsyncReader< $Response$>("
-                   "channel(), cq, "
+                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, request, tag);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -808,7 +809,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new ::grpc::ClientReaderWriter< "
                    "$Request$, $Response$>("
-                   "channel(), "
+                   "channel_.get(), "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -820,7 +821,7 @@ void PrintSourceClientMethod(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
     printer->Print(*vars,
                    "  return new "
                    "::grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter< $Request$, $Response$>("
-                   "channel(), cq, "
+                   "channel_.get(), cq, "
                    "rpcmethod_$Method$_, "
                    "context, tag);\n"
                    "}\n\n");
@@ -964,20 +965,19 @@ void PrintSourceService(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
   }
   printer->Print(*vars, "};\n\n");
 
-  printer->Print(
-      *vars,
-      "std::unique_ptr< $ns$$Service$::Stub> $ns$$Service$::NewStub("
-      "const std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::ChannelInterface>& channel, "
-      "const ::grpc::StubOptions& options) {\n"
-      "  std::unique_ptr< $ns$$Service$::Stub> stub(new "
-      "$ns$$Service$::Stub(channel));\n"
-      "  return stub;\n"
-      "}\n\n");
+  printer->Print(*vars,
+                 "std::unique_ptr< $ns$$Service$::Stub> $ns$$Service$::NewStub("
+                 "const std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::Channel>& channel, "
+                 "const ::grpc::StubOptions& options) {\n"
+                 "  std::unique_ptr< $ns$$Service$::Stub> stub(new "
+                 "$ns$$Service$::Stub(channel));\n"
+                 "  return stub;\n"
+                 "}\n\n");
   printer->Print(*vars,
                  "$ns$$Service$::Stub::Stub(const std::shared_ptr< "
-                 "::grpc::ChannelInterface>& channel)\n");
+                 "::grpc::Channel>& channel)\n");
   printer->Indent();
-  printer->Print(": ::grpc::InternalStub(channel)");
+  printer->Print(": channel_(channel)");
   for (int i = 0; i < service->method_count(); ++i) {
     const grpc::protobuf::MethodDescriptor *method = service->method(i);
     (*vars)["Method"] = method->name();
@@ -991,13 +991,12 @@ void PrintSourceService(grpc::protobuf::io::Printer *printer,
     } else {
       (*vars)["StreamingType"] = "BIDI_STREAMING";
     }
-    printer->Print(
-        *vars,
-        ", rpcmethod_$Method$_("
-        "$prefix$$Service$_method_names[$Idx$], "
-        "::grpc::RpcMethod::$StreamingType$, "
-        "channel->RegisterMethod($prefix$$Service$_method_names[$Idx$])"
-        ")\n");
+    printer->Print(*vars,
+                   ", rpcmethod_$Method$_("
+                   "$prefix$$Service$_method_names[$Idx$], "
+                   "::grpc::RpcMethod::$StreamingType$, "
+                   "channel"
+                   ")\n");
   }
   printer->Print("{}\n\n");
   printer->Outdent();
diff --git a/src/compiler/csharp_generator.cc b/src/compiler/csharp_generator.cc
index 9432bdda96..51d8d982e2 100644
--- a/src/compiler/csharp_generator.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/csharp_generator.cc
@@ -35,10 +35,16 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "src/compiler/csharp_generator.h"
 #include "src/compiler/config.h"
 #include "src/compiler/csharp_generator_helpers.h"
 #include "src/compiler/csharp_generator.h"
 
+
+using google::protobuf::compiler::csharp::GetFileNamespace;
+using google::protobuf::compiler::csharp::GetClassName;
+using google::protobuf::compiler::csharp::GetUmbrellaClassName;
+using google::protobuf::SimpleItoa;
 using grpc::protobuf::FileDescriptor;
 using grpc::protobuf::Descriptor;
 using grpc::protobuf::ServiceDescriptor;
@@ -55,47 +61,10 @@ using grpc_generator::StringReplace;
 using std::map;
 using std::vector;
 
+
 namespace grpc_csharp_generator {
 namespace {
 
-// TODO(jtattermusch): make GetFileNamespace part of libprotoc public API.
-// NOTE: Implementation needs to match exactly to GetFileNamespace
-// defined in csharp_helpers.h in protoc csharp plugin.
-// We cannot reference it directly because google3 protobufs
-// don't have a csharp protoc plugin.
-std::string GetFileNamespace(const FileDescriptor* file) {
-  if (file->options().has_csharp_namespace()) {
-    return file->options().csharp_namespace();
-  }
-  return file->package();
-}
-
-std::string ToCSharpName(const std::string& name, const FileDescriptor* file) {
-  std::string result = GetFileNamespace(file);
-  if (result != "") {
-    result += '.';
-  }
-  std::string classname;
-  if (file->package().empty()) {
-    classname = name;
-  } else {
-    // Strip the proto package from full_name since we've replaced it with
-    // the C# namespace.
-    classname = name.substr(file->package().size() + 1);
-  }
-  result += StringReplace(classname, ".", ".Types.", false);
-  return "global::" + result;
-}
-
-// TODO(jtattermusch): make GetClassName part of libprotoc public API.
-// NOTE: Implementation needs to match exactly to GetClassName
-// defined in csharp_helpers.h in protoc csharp plugin.
-// We cannot reference it directly because google3 protobufs
-// don't have a csharp protoc plugin.
-std::string GetClassName(const Descriptor* message) {
-  return ToCSharpName(message->full_name(), message->file());
-}
-
 std::string GetServiceClassName(const ServiceDescriptor* service) {
   return service->name();
 }
@@ -229,7 +198,7 @@ void GenerateMarshallerFields(Printer* out, const ServiceDescriptor *service) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < used_messages.size(); i++) {
     const Descriptor *message = used_messages[i];
     out->Print(
-        "static readonly Marshaller<$type$> $fieldname$ = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), $type$.ParseFrom);\n",
+        "static readonly Marshaller<$type$> $fieldname$ = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), $type$.Parser.ParseFrom);\n",
         "fieldname", GetMarshallerFieldName(message), "type",
         GetClassName(message));
   }
@@ -258,6 +227,16 @@ void GenerateStaticMethodField(Printer* out, const MethodDescriptor *method) {
   out->Outdent();
 }
 
+void GenerateServiceDescriptorProperty(Printer* out, const ServiceDescriptor *service) {
+  out->Print("// service descriptor\n");
+  out->Print("public static global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection.ServiceDescriptor Descriptor\n");
+  out->Print("{\n");
+  out->Print("  get { return $umbrella$.Descriptor.Services[$index$]; }\n",
+             "umbrella", GetUmbrellaClassName(service->file()), "index", SimpleItoa(service->index()));
+  out->Print("}\n");
+  out->Print("\n");
+}
+
 void GenerateClientInterface(Printer* out, const ServiceDescriptor *service) {
   out->Print("// client interface\n");
   out->Print("public interface $name$\n", "name",
@@ -504,6 +483,7 @@ void GenerateService(Printer* out, const ServiceDescriptor *service) {
   for (int i = 0; i < service->method_count(); i++) {
     GenerateStaticMethodField(out, service->method(i));
   }
+  GenerateServiceDescriptorProperty(out, service);
   GenerateClientInterface(out, service);
   GenerateServerInterface(out, service);
   GenerateClientStub(out, service);
@@ -539,7 +519,6 @@ grpc::string GetServices(const FileDescriptor *file) {
     out.Print("using System.Threading;\n");
     out.Print("using System.Threading.Tasks;\n");
     out.Print("using Grpc.Core;\n");
-    // TODO(jtattermusch): add using for protobuf message classes
     out.Print("\n");
 
     out.Print("namespace $namespace$ {\n", "namespace", GetFileNamespace(file));
diff --git a/src/compiler/csharp_generator.h b/src/compiler/csharp_generator.h
index ec537d3f1d..67e3ee30b5 100644
--- a/src/compiler/csharp_generator.h
+++ b/src/compiler/csharp_generator.h
@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@
 
 #include "src/compiler/config.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
+#include <google/protobuf/compiler/csharp/csharp_names.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/stubs/strutil.h>
+
 namespace grpc_csharp_generator {
 
 grpc::string GetServices(const grpc::protobuf::FileDescriptor *file);
diff --git a/src/compiler/python_generator.cc b/src/compiler/python_generator.cc
index 2982a89fad..72c457ac6b 100644
--- a/src/compiler/python_generator.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/python_generator.cc
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 #include <tuple>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
 #include "src/compiler/config.h"
 #include "src/compiler/generator_helpers.h"
 #include "src/compiler/python_generator.h"
diff --git a/src/core/channel/census_filter.c b/src/core/census/grpc_filter.c
index d996c3475e..b78445595c 100644
--- a/src/core/channel/census_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/census/grpc_filter.c
@@ -31,15 +31,17 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include "src/core/channel/census_filter.h"
+#include "src/core/census/grpc_filter.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "src/core/census/rpc_stat_id.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_stack.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/noop_filter.h"
 #include "src/core/statistics/census_interface.h"
 #include "src/core/statistics/census_rpc_stats.h"
+#include <grpc/census.h>
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc/support/slice.h>
@@ -47,24 +49,19 @@
 
 typedef struct call_data {
   census_op_id op_id;
-  census_rpc_stats stats;
+  census_context* ctxt;
   gpr_timespec start_ts;
+  int error;
 
   /* recv callback */
   grpc_stream_op_buffer* recv_ops;
-  void (*on_done_recv)(void* user_data, int success);
-  void* recv_user_data;
+  grpc_iomgr_closure* on_done_recv;
 } call_data;
 
 typedef struct channel_data {
   grpc_mdstr* path_str; /* pointer to meta data str with key == ":path" */
 } channel_data;
 
-static void init_rpc_stats(census_rpc_stats* stats) {
-  memset(stats, 0, sizeof(census_rpc_stats));
-  stats->cnt = 1;
-}
-
 static void extract_and_annotate_method_tag(grpc_stream_op_buffer* sopb,
                                             call_data* calld,
                                             channel_data* chand) {
@@ -77,8 +74,7 @@ static void extract_and_annotate_method_tag(grpc_stream_op_buffer* sopb,
       if (m->md->key == chand->path_str) {
         gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%s",
                 (const char*)GPR_SLICE_START_PTR(m->md->value->slice));
-        census_add_method_tag(calld->op_id, (const char*)GPR_SLICE_START_PTR(
-                                                m->md->value->slice));
+        /* Add method tag here */
       }
     }
   }
@@ -95,8 +91,6 @@ static void client_mutate_op(grpc_call_element* elem,
 
 static void client_start_transport_op(grpc_call_element* elem,
                                       grpc_transport_stream_op* op) {
-  call_data* calld = elem->call_data;
-  GPR_ASSERT((calld->op_id.upper != 0) || (calld->op_id.lower != 0));
   client_mutate_op(elem, op);
   grpc_call_next_op(elem, op);
 }
@@ -108,7 +102,7 @@ static void server_on_done_recv(void* ptr, int success) {
   if (success) {
     extract_and_annotate_method_tag(calld->recv_ops, calld, chand);
   }
-  calld->on_done_recv(calld->recv_user_data, success);
+  calld->on_done_recv->cb(calld->on_done_recv->cb_arg, success);
 }
 
 static void server_mutate_op(grpc_call_element* elem,
@@ -118,9 +112,7 @@ static void server_mutate_op(grpc_call_element* elem,
     /* substitute our callback for the op callback */
     calld->recv_ops = op->recv_ops;
     calld->on_done_recv = op->on_done_recv;
-    calld->recv_user_data = op->recv_user_data;
-    op->on_done_recv = server_on_done_recv;
-    op->recv_user_data = elem;
+    op->on_done_recv = calld->on_done_recv;
   }
 }
 
@@ -132,35 +124,19 @@ static void server_start_transport_op(grpc_call_element* elem,
   grpc_call_next_op(elem, op);
 }
 
-static void channel_op(grpc_channel_element* elem,
-                       grpc_channel_element* from_elem, grpc_channel_op* op) {
-  switch (op->type) {
-    case GRPC_TRANSPORT_CLOSED:
-      /* TODO(hongyu): Annotate trace information for all calls of the channel
-       */
-      break;
-    default:
-      break;
-  }
-  grpc_channel_next_op(elem, op);
-}
-
 static void client_init_call_elem(grpc_call_element* elem,
                                   const void* server_transport_data,
                                   grpc_transport_stream_op* initial_op) {
   call_data* d = elem->call_data;
   GPR_ASSERT(d != NULL);
-  init_rpc_stats(&d->stats);
   d->start_ts = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
-  d->op_id = census_tracing_start_op();
   if (initial_op) client_mutate_op(elem, initial_op);
 }
 
 static void client_destroy_call_elem(grpc_call_element* elem) {
   call_data* d = elem->call_data;
   GPR_ASSERT(d != NULL);
-  census_record_rpc_client_stats(d->op_id, &d->stats);
-  census_tracing_end_op(d->op_id);
+  /* TODO(hongyu): record rpc client stats and census_rpc_end_op here */
 }
 
 static void server_init_call_elem(grpc_call_element* elem,
@@ -168,29 +144,24 @@ static void server_init_call_elem(grpc_call_element* elem,
                                   grpc_transport_stream_op* initial_op) {
   call_data* d = elem->call_data;
   GPR_ASSERT(d != NULL);
-  init_rpc_stats(&d->stats);
   d->start_ts = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
-  d->op_id = census_tracing_start_op();
+  /* TODO(hongyu): call census_tracing_start_op here. */
+  grpc_iomgr_closure_init(d->on_done_recv, server_on_done_recv, elem);
   if (initial_op) server_mutate_op(elem, initial_op);
 }
 
 static void server_destroy_call_elem(grpc_call_element* elem) {
   call_data* d = elem->call_data;
   GPR_ASSERT(d != NULL);
-  d->stats.elapsed_time_ms = gpr_timespec_to_micros(
-      gpr_time_sub(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), d->start_ts));
-  census_record_rpc_server_stats(d->op_id, &d->stats);
-  census_tracing_end_op(d->op_id);
+  /* TODO(hongyu): record rpc server stats and census_tracing_end_op here */
 }
 
-static void init_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element* elem,
+static void init_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element* elem, grpc_channel* master,
                               const grpc_channel_args* args, grpc_mdctx* mdctx,
                               int is_first, int is_last) {
   channel_data* chand = elem->channel_data;
   GPR_ASSERT(chand != NULL);
-  GPR_ASSERT(!is_first);
-  GPR_ASSERT(!is_last);
-  chand->path_str = grpc_mdstr_from_string(mdctx, ":path");
+  chand->path_str = grpc_mdstr_from_string(mdctx, ":path", 0);
 }
 
 static void destroy_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element* elem) {
@@ -203,22 +174,24 @@ static void destroy_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element* elem) {
 
 const grpc_channel_filter grpc_client_census_filter = {
     client_start_transport_op,
-    channel_op,
+    grpc_channel_next_op,
     sizeof(call_data),
     client_init_call_elem,
     client_destroy_call_elem,
     sizeof(channel_data),
     init_channel_elem,
     destroy_channel_elem,
+    grpc_call_next_get_peer,
     "census-client"};
 
 const grpc_channel_filter grpc_server_census_filter = {
     server_start_transport_op,
-    channel_op,
+    grpc_channel_next_op,
     sizeof(call_data),
     server_init_call_elem,
     server_destroy_call_elem,
     sizeof(channel_data),
     init_channel_elem,
     destroy_channel_elem,
+    grpc_call_next_get_peer,
     "census-server"};
diff --git a/src/core/channel/census_filter.h b/src/core/census/grpc_filter.h
index 1453c05d28..b3de3adc94 100644
--- a/src/core/channel/census_filter.h
+++ b/src/core/census/grpc_filter.h
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
  *
  */
 
-#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CHANNEL_CENSUS_FILTER_H
-#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CHANNEL_CENSUS_FILTER_H
+#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CENSUS_GRPC_FILTER_H
+#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CENSUS_GRPC_FILTER_H
 
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_stack.h"
 
@@ -41,4 +41,4 @@
 extern const grpc_channel_filter grpc_client_census_filter;
 extern const grpc_channel_filter grpc_server_census_filter;
 
-#endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CHANNEL_CENSUS_FILTER_H */
+#endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CENSUS_GRPC_FILTER_H */
diff --git a/src/core/channel/channel_args.c b/src/core/channel/channel_args.c
index c430b56fa2..54ee75af28 100644
--- a/src/core/channel/channel_args.c
+++ b/src/core/channel/channel_args.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
+#include <grpc/support/useful.h>
 
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -146,3 +147,65 @@ grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_set_compression_algorithm(
   tmp.value.integer = algorithm;
   return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(a, &tmp, 1);
 }
+
+/** Returns 1 if the argument for compression algorithm's enabled states bitset
+ * was found in \a a, returning the arg's value in \a states. Otherwise, returns
+ * 0. */
+static int find_compression_algorithm_states_bitset(
+    const grpc_channel_args *a, int **states_arg) {
+  if (a != NULL) {
+    size_t i;
+    for (i = 0; i < a->num_args; ++i) {
+      if (a->args[i].type == GRPC_ARG_INTEGER &&
+          !strcmp(GRPC_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHM_STATE_ARG, a->args[i].key)) {
+        *states_arg = &a->args[i].value.integer;
+        return 1; /* GPR_TRUE */
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return 0; /* GPR_FALSE */
+}
+
+grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_compression_algorithm_set_state(
+    grpc_channel_args **a,
+    grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm,
+    int state) {
+  int *states_arg;
+  grpc_channel_args *result = *a;
+  const int states_arg_found =
+      find_compression_algorithm_states_bitset(*a, &states_arg);
+
+  if (states_arg_found) {
+    if (state != 0) {
+      GPR_BITSET(states_arg, algorithm);
+    } else {
+      GPR_BITCLEAR(states_arg, algorithm);
+    }
+  } else {
+    /* create a new arg */
+    grpc_arg tmp;
+    tmp.type = GRPC_ARG_INTEGER;
+    tmp.key = GRPC_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHM_STATE_ARG;
+    /* all enabled by default */
+    tmp.value.integer = (1u << GRPC_COMPRESS_ALGORITHMS_COUNT) - 1;
+    if (state != 0) {
+      GPR_BITSET(&tmp.value.integer, algorithm);
+    } else {
+      GPR_BITCLEAR(&tmp.value.integer, algorithm);
+    }
+    result = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(*a, &tmp, 1);
+    grpc_channel_args_destroy(*a);
+    *a = result;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+int grpc_channel_args_compression_algorithm_get_states(
+    const grpc_channel_args *a) {
+  int *states_arg;
+  if (find_compression_algorithm_states_bitset(a, &states_arg)) {
+    return *states_arg;
+  } else {
+    return (1u << GRPC_COMPRESS_ALGORITHMS_COUNT) - 1; /* All algs. enabled */
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/core/channel/channel_args.h b/src/core/channel/channel_args.h
index 7e6ddd3997..06a6012dee 100644
--- a/src/core/channel/channel_args.h
+++ b/src/core/channel/channel_args.h
@@ -67,4 +67,24 @@ grpc_compression_algorithm grpc_channel_args_get_compression_algorithm(
 grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_set_compression_algorithm(
     grpc_channel_args *a, grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm);
 
+/** Sets the support for the given compression algorithm. By default, all
+ * compression algorithms are enabled. It's an error to disable an algorithm set
+ * by grpc_channel_args_set_compression_algorithm.
+ *
+ * Returns an instance will the updated algorithm states. The \a a pointer is
+ * modified to point to the returned instance (which may be different from the
+ * input value of \a a). */
+grpc_channel_args *grpc_channel_args_compression_algorithm_set_state(
+    grpc_channel_args **a,
+    grpc_compression_algorithm algorithm,
+    int enabled);
+
+/** Returns the bitset representing the support state (true for enabled, false
+ * for disabled) for compression algorithms.
+ *
+ * The i-th bit of the returned bitset corresponds to the i-th entry in the
+ * grpc_compression_algorithm enum. */
+int grpc_channel_args_compression_algorithm_get_states(
+    const grpc_channel_args *a);
+
 #endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CHANNEL_CHANNEL_ARGS_H */
diff --git a/src/core/channel/compress_filter.h b/src/core/channel/compress_filter.h
index 0917e81ca4..415459bca6 100644
--- a/src/core/channel/compress_filter.h
+++ b/src/core/channel/compress_filter.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_stack.h"
 
-#define GRPC_COMPRESS_REQUEST_ALGORITHM_KEY "internal:grpc-encoding-request"
+#define GRPC_COMPRESS_REQUEST_ALGORITHM_KEY "grpc-internal-encoding-request"
 
 /** Compression filter for outgoing data.
  *
diff --git a/src/core/channel/http_client_filter.c b/src/core/channel/http_client_filter.c
index 48c623d359..2b61d33c29 100644
--- a/src/core/channel/http_client_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/channel/http_client_filter.c
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ typedef struct call_data {
   grpc_linked_mdelem content_type;
   grpc_linked_mdelem user_agent;
   int sent_initial_metadata;
-  int sent_authority;
 
   int got_initial_metadata;
   grpc_stream_op_buffer *recv_ops;
@@ -64,7 +63,6 @@ typedef struct channel_data {
   grpc_mdelem *scheme;
   grpc_mdelem *content_type;
   grpc_mdelem *status;
-  grpc_mdelem *default_authority;
   /** complete user agent mdelem */
   grpc_mdelem *user_agent;
 } channel_data;
@@ -103,7 +101,6 @@ static void hc_on_recv(void *user_data, int success) {
 
 static grpc_mdelem *client_strip_filter(void *user_data, grpc_mdelem *md) {
   grpc_call_element *elem = user_data;
-  call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
   channel_data *channeld = elem->channel_data;
   /* eat the things we'd like to set ourselves */
   if (md->key == channeld->method->key) return NULL;
@@ -111,10 +108,6 @@ static grpc_mdelem *client_strip_filter(void *user_data, grpc_mdelem *md) {
   if (md->key == channeld->te_trailers->key) return NULL;
   if (md->key == channeld->content_type->key) return NULL;
   if (md->key == channeld->user_agent->key) return NULL;
-  if (channeld->default_authority &&
-      channeld->default_authority->key == md->key) {
-    calld->sent_authority = 1;
-  }
   return md;
 }
 
@@ -138,11 +131,6 @@ static void hc_mutate_op(grpc_call_element *elem,
                                    GRPC_MDELEM_REF(channeld->method));
       grpc_metadata_batch_add_head(&op->data.metadata, &calld->scheme,
                                    GRPC_MDELEM_REF(channeld->scheme));
-      if (channeld->default_authority && !calld->sent_authority) {
-        grpc_metadata_batch_add_head(
-            &op->data.metadata, &calld->authority,
-            GRPC_MDELEM_REF(channeld->default_authority));
-      }
       grpc_metadata_batch_add_tail(&op->data.metadata, &calld->te_trailers,
                                    GRPC_MDELEM_REF(channeld->te_trailers));
       grpc_metadata_batch_add_tail(&op->data.metadata, &calld->content_type,
@@ -175,7 +163,6 @@ static void init_call_elem(grpc_call_element *elem,
   call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
   calld->sent_initial_metadata = 0;
   calld->got_initial_metadata = 0;
-  calld->sent_authority = 0;
   calld->on_done_recv = NULL;
   grpc_iomgr_closure_init(&calld->hc_on_recv, hc_on_recv, elem);
   if (initial_op) hc_mutate_op(elem, initial_op);
@@ -257,8 +244,6 @@ static grpc_mdstr *user_agent_from_args(grpc_mdctx *mdctx,
 static void init_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element *elem, grpc_channel *master,
                               const grpc_channel_args *channel_args,
                               grpc_mdctx *mdctx, int is_first, int is_last) {
-  size_t i;
-
   /* grab pointers to our data from the channel element */
   channel_data *channeld = elem->channel_data;
 
@@ -267,21 +252,6 @@ static void init_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element *elem, grpc_channel *master,
      path */
   GPR_ASSERT(!is_last);
 
-  channeld->default_authority = NULL;
-  if (channel_args) {
-    for (i = 0; i < channel_args->num_args; i++) {
-      if (0 == strcmp(channel_args->args[i].key, GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY)) {
-        if (channel_args->args[i].type != GRPC_ARG_STRING) {
-          gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "%s: must be an string",
-                  GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY);
-        } else {
-          channeld->default_authority = grpc_mdelem_from_strings(
-              mdctx, ":authority", channel_args->args[i].value.string);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
   /* initialize members */
   channeld->te_trailers = grpc_mdelem_from_strings(mdctx, "te", "trailers");
   channeld->method = grpc_mdelem_from_strings(mdctx, ":method", "POST");
@@ -306,9 +276,6 @@ static void destroy_channel_elem(grpc_channel_element *elem) {
   GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(channeld->content_type);
   GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(channeld->status);
   GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(channeld->user_agent);
-  if (channeld->default_authority) {
-    GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(channeld->default_authority);
-  }
 }
 
 const grpc_channel_filter grpc_http_client_filter = {
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.c b/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.c
index 6721977e21..5b859a8d10 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.c
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.c
@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ void grpc_resolver_factory_unref(grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {
 grpc_resolver *grpc_resolver_factory_create_resolver(
     grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri,
     grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {
-  if (!factory) return NULL;
+  if (factory == NULL) return NULL;
   return factory->vtable->create_resolver(factory, uri, subchannel_factory);
 }
+
+char *grpc_resolver_factory_get_default_authority(
+    grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri) {
+  if (factory == NULL) return NULL;
+  return factory->vtable->get_default_authority(factory, uri);
+}
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.h b/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.h
index c5d85499c6..e243b23988 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.h
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolver_factory.h
@@ -51,9 +51,16 @@ struct grpc_resolver_factory_vtable {
   void (*ref)(grpc_resolver_factory *factory);
   void (*unref)(grpc_resolver_factory *factory);
 
+  /** Implementation of grpc_resolver_factory_create_resolver */
   grpc_resolver *(*create_resolver)(
       grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri,
       grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory);
+
+  /** Implementation of grpc_resolver_factory_get_default_authority */
+  char *(*get_default_authority)(grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri);
+
+  /** URI scheme that this factory implements */
+  const char *scheme;
 };
 
 void grpc_resolver_factory_ref(grpc_resolver_factory *resolver);
@@ -64,4 +71,9 @@ grpc_resolver *grpc_resolver_factory_create_resolver(
     grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri,
     grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory);
 
+/** Return a (freshly allocated with gpr_malloc) string representing
+    the default authority to use for this scheme. */
+char *grpc_resolver_factory_get_default_authority(
+    grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri);
+
 #endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CONFIG_RESOLVER_FACTORY_H */
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.c b/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.c
index 16be2da994..37979b3b86 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.c
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.c
@@ -41,41 +41,33 @@
 
 #define MAX_RESOLVERS 10
 
-typedef struct {
-  char *scheme;
-  grpc_resolver_factory *factory;
-} registered_resolver;
-
-static registered_resolver g_all_of_the_resolvers[MAX_RESOLVERS];
+static grpc_resolver_factory *g_all_of_the_resolvers[MAX_RESOLVERS];
 static int g_number_of_resolvers = 0;
 
-static char *g_default_resolver_scheme;
+static char *g_default_resolver_prefix;
 
-void grpc_resolver_registry_init(const char *default_resolver_scheme) {
+void grpc_resolver_registry_init(const char *default_resolver_prefix) {
   g_number_of_resolvers = 0;
-  g_default_resolver_scheme = gpr_strdup(default_resolver_scheme);
+  g_default_resolver_prefix = gpr_strdup(default_resolver_prefix);
 }
 
 void grpc_resolver_registry_shutdown(void) {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < g_number_of_resolvers; i++) {
-    gpr_free(g_all_of_the_resolvers[i].scheme);
-    grpc_resolver_factory_unref(g_all_of_the_resolvers[i].factory);
+    grpc_resolver_factory_unref(g_all_of_the_resolvers[i]);
   }
-  gpr_free(g_default_resolver_scheme);
+  gpr_free(g_default_resolver_prefix);
 }
 
-void grpc_register_resolver_type(const char *scheme,
-                                 grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {
+void grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < g_number_of_resolvers; i++) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(0 != strcmp(scheme, g_all_of_the_resolvers[i].scheme));
+    GPR_ASSERT(0 != strcmp(factory->vtable->scheme,
+                           g_all_of_the_resolvers[i]->vtable->scheme));
   }
   GPR_ASSERT(g_number_of_resolvers != MAX_RESOLVERS);
-  g_all_of_the_resolvers[g_number_of_resolvers].scheme = gpr_strdup(scheme);
   grpc_resolver_factory_ref(factory);
-  g_all_of_the_resolvers[g_number_of_resolvers].factory = factory;
-  g_number_of_resolvers++;
+  g_all_of_the_resolvers[g_number_of_resolvers++] = factory;
 }
 
 static grpc_resolver_factory *lookup_factory(grpc_uri *uri) {
@@ -85,40 +77,57 @@ static grpc_resolver_factory *lookup_factory(grpc_uri *uri) {
   if (!uri) return NULL;
 
   for (i = 0; i < g_number_of_resolvers; i++) {
-    if (0 == strcmp(uri->scheme, g_all_of_the_resolvers[i].scheme)) {
-      return g_all_of_the_resolvers[i].factory;
+    if (0 == strcmp(uri->scheme, g_all_of_the_resolvers[i]->vtable->scheme)) {
+      return g_all_of_the_resolvers[i];
     }
   }
 
   return NULL;
 }
 
-grpc_resolver *grpc_resolver_create(
-    const char *name, grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {
-  grpc_uri *uri;
+static grpc_resolver_factory *resolve_factory(const char *target,
+                                              grpc_uri **uri) {
   char *tmp;
   grpc_resolver_factory *factory = NULL;
-  grpc_resolver *resolver;
-
-  uri = grpc_uri_parse(name, 1);
-  factory = lookup_factory(uri);
-  if (factory == NULL && g_default_resolver_scheme != NULL) {
-    grpc_uri_destroy(uri);
-    gpr_asprintf(&tmp, "%s%s", g_default_resolver_scheme, name);
-    uri = grpc_uri_parse(tmp, 1);
-    factory = lookup_factory(uri);
-    if (factory == NULL) {
-      grpc_uri_destroy(grpc_uri_parse(name, 0));
-      grpc_uri_destroy(grpc_uri_parse(tmp, 0));
-      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "don't know how to resolve '%s' or '%s'", name, tmp);
+
+  GPR_ASSERT(uri != NULL);
+  *uri = grpc_uri_parse(target, 1);
+  factory = lookup_factory(*uri);
+  if (factory == NULL) {
+    if (g_default_resolver_prefix != NULL) {
+      grpc_uri_destroy(*uri);
+      gpr_asprintf(&tmp, "%s%s", g_default_resolver_prefix, target);
+      *uri = grpc_uri_parse(tmp, 1);
+      factory = lookup_factory(*uri);
+      if (factory == NULL) {
+        grpc_uri_destroy(grpc_uri_parse(target, 0));
+        grpc_uri_destroy(grpc_uri_parse(tmp, 0));
+        gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "don't know how to resolve '%s' or '%s'", target,
+                tmp);
+      }
+      gpr_free(tmp);
+    } else {
+      grpc_uri_destroy(grpc_uri_parse(target, 0));
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "don't know how to resolve '%s'", target);
     }
-    gpr_free(tmp);
-  } else if (factory == NULL) {
-    grpc_uri_destroy(grpc_uri_parse(name, 0));
-    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "don't know how to resolve '%s'", name);
   }
-  resolver =
+  return factory;
+}
+
+grpc_resolver *grpc_resolver_create(
+    const char *target, grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {
+  grpc_uri *uri = NULL;
+  grpc_resolver_factory *factory = resolve_factory(target, &uri);
+  grpc_resolver *resolver =
       grpc_resolver_factory_create_resolver(factory, uri, subchannel_factory);
   grpc_uri_destroy(uri);
   return resolver;
 }
+
+char *grpc_get_default_authority(const char *target) {
+  grpc_uri *uri = NULL;
+  grpc_resolver_factory *factory = resolve_factory(target, &uri);
+  char *authority = grpc_resolver_factory_get_default_authority(factory, uri);
+  grpc_uri_destroy(uri);
+  return authority;
+}
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.h b/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.h
index 31aa47620a..5a7193b7ae 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.h
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.h
@@ -44,19 +44,22 @@ void grpc_resolver_registry_shutdown(void);
     If \a priority is greater than zero, then the resolver will be eligible
     to resolve names that are passed in with no scheme. Higher priority
     resolvers will be tried before lower priority schemes. */
-void grpc_register_resolver_type(const char *scheme,
-                                 grpc_resolver_factory *factory);
+void grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_resolver_factory *factory);
 
-/** Create a resolver given \a name.
-    First tries to parse \a name as a URI. If this succeeds, tries
+/** Create a resolver given \a target.
+    First tries to parse \a target as a URI. If this succeeds, tries
     to locate a registered resolver factory based on the URI scheme.
     If parsing or location fails, prefixes default_prefix from
-    grpc_resolver_registry_init to name, and tries again (if default_prefix
+    grpc_resolver_registry_init to target, and tries again (if default_prefix
     was not NULL).
     If a resolver factory was found, use it to instantiate a resolver and
     return it.
     If a resolver factory was not found, return NULL. */
 grpc_resolver *grpc_resolver_create(
-    const char *name, grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory);
+    const char *target, grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory);
+
+/** Given a target, return a (freshly allocated with gpr_malloc) string
+    representing the default authority to pass from a client. */
+char *grpc_get_default_authority(const char *target);
 
 #endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CLIENT_CONFIG_RESOLVER_REGISTRY_H */
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolvers/dns_resolver.c b/src/core/client_config/resolvers/dns_resolver.c
index 7b35b7902f..84643c464a 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolvers/dns_resolver.c
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolvers/dns_resolver.c
@@ -203,9 +203,6 @@ static grpc_resolver *dns_create(
     grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {
   dns_resolver *r;
   const char *path = uri->path;
-  grpc_arg default_host_arg;
-  char *host;
-  char *port;
 
   if (0 != strcmp(uri->authority, "")) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "authority based uri's not supported");
@@ -214,17 +211,6 @@ static grpc_resolver *dns_create(
 
   if (path[0] == '/') ++path;
 
-  gpr_split_host_port(path, &host, &port);
-
-  default_host_arg.type = GRPC_ARG_STRING;
-  default_host_arg.key = GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY;
-  default_host_arg.value.string = host;
-  subchannel_factory = grpc_subchannel_factory_add_channel_arg(
-      subchannel_factory, &default_host_arg);
-
-  gpr_free(host);
-  gpr_free(port);
-
   r = gpr_malloc(sizeof(dns_resolver));
   memset(r, 0, sizeof(*r));
   gpr_ref_init(&r->refs, 1);
@@ -233,6 +219,7 @@ static grpc_resolver *dns_create(
   r->name = gpr_strdup(path);
   r->default_port = gpr_strdup(default_port);
   r->subchannel_factory = subchannel_factory;
+  grpc_subchannel_factory_ref(subchannel_factory);
   r->lb_policy_factory = lb_policy_factory;
   return &r->base;
 }
@@ -252,8 +239,16 @@ static grpc_resolver *dns_factory_create_resolver(
                     subchannel_factory);
 }
 
+char *dns_factory_get_default_host_name(grpc_resolver_factory *factory,
+                                        grpc_uri *uri) {
+  const char *path = uri->path;
+  if (path[0] == '/') ++path;
+  return gpr_strdup(path);
+}
+
 static const grpc_resolver_factory_vtable dns_factory_vtable = {
-    dns_factory_ref, dns_factory_unref, dns_factory_create_resolver};
+    dns_factory_ref, dns_factory_unref, dns_factory_create_resolver,
+    dns_factory_get_default_host_name, "dns"};
 static grpc_resolver_factory dns_resolver_factory = {&dns_factory_vtable};
 
 grpc_resolver_factory *grpc_dns_resolver_factory_create() {
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolvers/sockaddr_resolver.c b/src/core/client_config/resolvers/sockaddr_resolver.c
index 74584e7e2c..0d8540a566 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolvers/sockaddr_resolver.c
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolvers/sockaddr_resolver.c
@@ -60,9 +60,12 @@ typedef struct {
   grpc_lb_policy *(*lb_policy_factory)(grpc_subchannel **subchannels,
                                        size_t num_subchannels);
 
-  /** the address that we've 'resolved' */
-  struct sockaddr_storage addr;
-  int addr_len;
+  /** the addresses that we've 'resolved' */
+  struct sockaddr_storage *addrs;
+  /** the corresponding length of the addresses */
+  int *addrs_len;
+  /** how many elements in \a addrs */
+  size_t num_addrs;
 
   /** mutex guarding the rest of the state */
   gpr_mu mu;
@@ -119,17 +122,22 @@ static void sockaddr_next(grpc_resolver *resolver,
 static void sockaddr_maybe_finish_next_locked(sockaddr_resolver *r) {
   grpc_client_config *cfg;
   grpc_lb_policy *lb_policy;
-  grpc_subchannel *subchannel;
+  grpc_subchannel **subchannels;
   grpc_subchannel_args args;
 
   if (r->next_completion != NULL && !r->published) {
+    size_t i;
     cfg = grpc_client_config_create();
-    memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
-    args.addr = (struct sockaddr *)&r->addr;
-    args.addr_len = r->addr_len;
-    subchannel =
-        grpc_subchannel_factory_create_subchannel(r->subchannel_factory, &args);
-    lb_policy = r->lb_policy_factory(&subchannel, 1);
+    subchannels = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_subchannel *) * r->num_addrs);
+    for (i = 0; i < r->num_addrs; i++) {
+      memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
+      args.addr = (struct sockaddr *)&r->addrs[i];
+      args.addr_len = r->addrs_len[i];
+      subchannels[i] = grpc_subchannel_factory_create_subchannel(
+          r->subchannel_factory, &args);
+    }
+    lb_policy = r->lb_policy_factory(subchannels, r->num_addrs);
+    gpr_free(subchannels);
     grpc_client_config_set_lb_policy(cfg, lb_policy);
     GRPC_LB_POLICY_UNREF(lb_policy, "unix");
     r->published = 1;
@@ -143,6 +151,8 @@ static void sockaddr_destroy(grpc_resolver *gr) {
   sockaddr_resolver *r = (sockaddr_resolver *)gr;
   gpr_mu_destroy(&r->mu);
   grpc_subchannel_factory_unref(r->subchannel_factory);
+  gpr_free(r->addrs);
+  gpr_free(r->addrs_len);
   gpr_free(r);
 }
 
@@ -156,8 +166,29 @@ static int parse_unix(grpc_uri *uri, struct sockaddr_storage *addr, int *len) {
 
   return 1;
 }
+
+static char *unix_get_default_authority(grpc_resolver_factory *factory,
+                                        grpc_uri *uri) {
+  return gpr_strdup("localhost");
+}
 #endif
 
+static char *ip_get_default_authority(grpc_uri *uri) {
+  const char *path = uri->path;
+  if (path[0] == '/') ++path;
+  return gpr_strdup(path);
+}
+
+static char *ipv4_get_default_authority(grpc_resolver_factory *factory,
+                                        grpc_uri *uri) {
+  return ip_get_default_authority(uri);
+}
+
+static char *ipv6_get_default_authority(grpc_resolver_factory *factory,
+                                        grpc_uri *uri) {
+  return ip_get_default_authority(uri);
+}
+
 static int parse_ipv4(grpc_uri *uri, struct sockaddr_storage *addr, int *len) {
   const char *host_port = uri->path;
   char *host;
@@ -238,13 +269,18 @@ done:
   return result;
 }
 
+static void do_nothing(void *ignored) {}
 static grpc_resolver *sockaddr_create(
     grpc_uri *uri,
     grpc_lb_policy *(*lb_policy_factory)(grpc_subchannel **subchannels,
                                          size_t num_subchannels),
     grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory,
     int parse(grpc_uri *uri, struct sockaddr_storage *dst, int *len)) {
+  size_t i;
+  int errors_found = 0; /* GPR_FALSE */
   sockaddr_resolver *r;
+  gpr_slice path_slice;
+  gpr_slice_buffer path_parts;
 
   if (0 != strcmp(uri->authority, "")) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "authority based uri's not supported");
@@ -253,7 +289,29 @@ static grpc_resolver *sockaddr_create(
 
   r = gpr_malloc(sizeof(sockaddr_resolver));
   memset(r, 0, sizeof(*r));
-  if (!parse(uri, &r->addr, &r->addr_len)) {
+
+  path_slice = gpr_slice_new(uri->path, strlen(uri->path), do_nothing);
+  gpr_slice_buffer_init(&path_parts);
+
+  gpr_slice_split(path_slice, ",", &path_parts);
+  r->num_addrs = path_parts.count;
+  r->addrs = gpr_malloc(sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage) * r->num_addrs);
+  r->addrs_len = gpr_malloc(sizeof(int) * r->num_addrs);
+
+  for(i = 0; i < r->num_addrs; i++) {
+    grpc_uri ith_uri = *uri;
+    char* part_str = gpr_dump_slice(path_parts.slices[i], GPR_DUMP_ASCII);
+    ith_uri.path = part_str;
+    if (!parse(&ith_uri, &r->addrs[i], &r->addrs_len[i])) {
+      errors_found = 1; /* GPR_TRUE */
+    }
+    gpr_free(part_str);
+    if (errors_found) break;
+  }
+
+  gpr_slice_buffer_destroy(&path_parts);
+  gpr_slice_unref(path_slice);
+  if (errors_found) {
     gpr_free(r);
     return NULL;
   }
@@ -276,20 +334,20 @@ static void sockaddr_factory_ref(grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {}
 
 static void sockaddr_factory_unref(grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {}
 
-#define DECL_FACTORY(name)                                            \
-  static grpc_resolver *name##_factory_create_resolver(               \
-      grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri,                  \
-      grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {                  \
-    return sockaddr_create(uri, grpc_create_pick_first_lb_policy,     \
-                           subchannel_factory, parse_##name);         \
-  }                                                                   \
-  static const grpc_resolver_factory_vtable name##_factory_vtable = { \
-      sockaddr_factory_ref, sockaddr_factory_unref,                   \
-      name##_factory_create_resolver};                                \
-  static grpc_resolver_factory name##_resolver_factory = {            \
-      &name##_factory_vtable};                                        \
-  grpc_resolver_factory *grpc_##name##_resolver_factory_create() {    \
-    return &name##_resolver_factory;                                  \
+#define DECL_FACTORY(name)                                                  \
+  static grpc_resolver *name##_factory_create_resolver(                     \
+      grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri,                        \
+      grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {                        \
+    return sockaddr_create(uri, grpc_create_pick_first_lb_policy,           \
+                           subchannel_factory, parse_##name);               \
+  }                                                                         \
+  static const grpc_resolver_factory_vtable name##_factory_vtable = {       \
+      sockaddr_factory_ref, sockaddr_factory_unref,                         \
+      name##_factory_create_resolver, name##_get_default_authority, #name}; \
+  static grpc_resolver_factory name##_resolver_factory = {                  \
+      &name##_factory_vtable};                                              \
+  grpc_resolver_factory *grpc_##name##_resolver_factory_create() {          \
+    return &name##_resolver_factory;                                        \
   }
 
 #ifdef GPR_POSIX_SOCKET
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/resolvers/zookeeper_resolver.c b/src/core/client_config/resolvers/zookeeper_resolver.c
index acb2ba136e..da399f9954 100644
--- a/src/core/client_config/resolvers/zookeeper_resolver.c
+++ b/src/core/client_config/resolvers/zookeeper_resolver.c
@@ -467,8 +467,7 @@ static grpc_resolver *zookeeper_create(
 }
 
 static void zookeeper_plugin_init() {
-  grpc_register_resolver_type("zookeeper",
-                              grpc_zookeeper_resolver_factory_create());
+  grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_zookeeper_resolver_factory_create());
 }
 
 void grpc_zookeeper_register() {
@@ -483,6 +482,11 @@ static void zookeeper_factory_ref(grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {}
 
 static void zookeeper_factory_unref(grpc_resolver_factory *factory) {}
 
+static char *zookeeper_factory_get_default_hostname(
+    grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri) {
+  return NULL;
+}
+
 static grpc_resolver *zookeeper_factory_create_resolver(
     grpc_resolver_factory *factory, grpc_uri *uri,
     grpc_subchannel_factory *subchannel_factory) {
@@ -492,7 +496,8 @@ static grpc_resolver *zookeeper_factory_create_resolver(
 
 static const grpc_resolver_factory_vtable zookeeper_factory_vtable = {
     zookeeper_factory_ref, zookeeper_factory_unref,
-    zookeeper_factory_create_resolver};
+    zookeeper_factory_create_resolver, zookeeper_factory_get_default_hostname,
+    "zookeeper"};
 static grpc_resolver_factory zookeeper_resolver_factory = {
     &zookeeper_factory_vtable};
 
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/pollset.h b/src/core/iomgr/pollset.h
index c474e4dbf1..337596cb74 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/pollset.h
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/pollset.h
@@ -74,10 +74,9 @@ void grpc_pollset_destroy(grpc_pollset *pollset);
    grpc_pollset_work, and it is guaranteed that GRPC_POLLSET_MU(pollset) will
    not be released by grpc_pollset_work AFTER worker has been destroyed.
 
-   Returns true if some work has been done, and false if the deadline
-   expired. */
-int grpc_pollset_work(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
-                      gpr_timespec deadline);
+   Tries not to block past deadline. */
+void grpc_pollset_work(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
+                       gpr_timespec now, gpr_timespec deadline);
 
 /* Break one polling thread out of polling work for this pollset.
    If specific_worker is GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST, kick ALL the workers.
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_epoll.c b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_epoll.c
index 5ea9dd2101..fe66ebed77 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_epoll.c
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_epoll.c
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ static void multipoll_with_epoll_pollset_maybe_work(
   pfds[1].events = POLLIN;
   pfds[1].revents = 0;
 
-  poll_rv = poll(pfds, 2, timeout_ms);
+  poll_rv = grpc_poll_function(pfds, 2, timeout_ms);
 
   if (poll_rv < 0) {
     if (errno != EINTR) {
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_poll_posix.c b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_poll_posix.c
index 001fcecf76..30ee6e24db 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_poll_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_multipoller_with_poll_posix.c
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ static void multipoll_with_poll_pollset_maybe_work(
                                         POLLOUT, &watchers[i]);
   }
 
-  r = poll(pfds, pfd_count, timeout);
+  r = grpc_poll_function(pfds, pfd_count, timeout);
 
   for (i = 1; i < pfd_count; i++) {
     grpc_fd_end_poll(&watchers[i], pfds[i].revents & POLLIN,
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.c b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.c
index a01f9ff727..6bd1b61f24 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.c
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
 #include "src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.h"
 
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <poll.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -57,6 +56,8 @@
 GPR_TLS_DECL(g_current_thread_poller);
 GPR_TLS_DECL(g_current_thread_worker);
 
+grpc_poll_function_type grpc_poll_function = poll;
+
 static void remove_worker(grpc_pollset *p, grpc_pollset_worker *worker) {
   worker->prev->next = worker->next;
   worker->next->prev = worker->prev;
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ static void push_front_worker(grpc_pollset *p, grpc_pollset_worker *worker) {
 }
 
 void grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *p, grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
+  /* pollset->mu already held */
   if (specific_worker != NULL) {
     if (specific_worker == GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST) {
       for (specific_worker = p->root_worker.next;
@@ -168,14 +170,10 @@ static void finish_shutdown(grpc_pollset *pollset) {
   pollset->shutdown_done_cb(pollset->shutdown_done_arg);
 }
 
-int grpc_pollset_work(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
-                      gpr_timespec deadline) {
+void grpc_pollset_work(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
+                       gpr_timespec now, gpr_timespec deadline) {
   /* pollset->mu already held */
-  gpr_timespec now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
   int added_worker = 0;
-  if (gpr_time_cmp(now, deadline) > 0) {
-    return 0;
-  }
   /* this must happen before we (potentially) drop pollset->mu */
   worker->next = worker->prev = NULL;
   /* TODO(ctiller): pool these */
@@ -217,7 +215,6 @@ done:
       gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
     }
   }
-  return 1;
 }
 
 void grpc_pollset_shutdown(grpc_pollset *pollset,
@@ -456,7 +453,7 @@ static void basic_pollset_maybe_work(grpc_pollset *pollset,
 
   /* poll fd count (argument 2) is shortened by one if we have no events
      to poll on - such that it only includes the kicker */
-  r = poll(pfd, nfds, timeout);
+  r = grpc_poll_function(pfd, nfds, timeout);
   GRPC_TIMER_MARK(GRPC_PTAG_POLL_FINISHED, r);
 
   if (fd) {
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.h b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.h
index a3ea353de6..69bd9cca8c 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.h
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_posix.h
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
 #ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_IOMGR_POLLSET_POSIX_H
 #define GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_IOMGR_POLLSET_POSIX_H
 
+#include <poll.h>
+
 #include <grpc/support/sync.h>
 #include "src/core/iomgr/wakeup_fd_posix.h"
 
@@ -118,4 +120,8 @@ void grpc_poll_become_multipoller(grpc_pollset *pollset, struct grpc_fd **fds,
  * be locked) */
 int grpc_pollset_has_workers(grpc_pollset *pollset);
 
+/* override to allow tests to hook poll() usage */
+typedef int (*grpc_poll_function_type)(struct pollfd *, nfds_t, int);
+extern grpc_poll_function_type grpc_poll_function;
+
 #endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_IOMGR_POLLSET_POSIX_H */
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_windows.c b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_windows.c
index 8710395ab3..07522c8a0c 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/pollset_windows.c
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/pollset_windows.c
@@ -99,14 +99,9 @@ void grpc_pollset_destroy(grpc_pollset *pollset) {
   gpr_mu_destroy(&pollset->mu);
 }
 
-int grpc_pollset_work(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker,
-                      gpr_timespec deadline) {
-  gpr_timespec now;
+void grpc_pollset_work(grpc_pollset *pollset, grpc_pollset_worker *worker, 
+                       gpr_timespec now, gpr_timespec deadline) {
   int added_worker = 0;
-  now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
-  if (gpr_time_cmp(now, deadline) > 0) {
-    return 0 /* GPR_FALSE */;
-  }
   worker->next = worker->prev = NULL;
   gpr_cv_init(&worker->cv);
   if (grpc_maybe_call_delayed_callbacks(&pollset->mu, 1 /* GPR_TRUE */)) {
@@ -127,7 +122,6 @@ done:
   if (added_worker) {
     remove_worker(pollset, worker);
   }
-  return 1 /* GPR_TRUE */;
 }
 
 void grpc_pollset_kick(grpc_pollset *p, grpc_pollset_worker *specific_worker) {
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/tcp_windows.c b/src/core/iomgr/tcp_windows.c
index 123f46d71d..901793ec43 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/tcp_windows.c
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/tcp_windows.c
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ static void on_read(void *tcpp, int from_iocp) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "ReadFile overlapped error: %s", utf8_message);
       gpr_free(utf8_message);
     }
+    gpr_slice_unref(tcp->read_slice);
     status = GRPC_ENDPOINT_CB_ERROR;
   } else {
     if (info->bytes_transfered != 0) {
diff --git a/src/core/iomgr/udp_server.c b/src/core/iomgr/udp_server.c
index 16482c08f7..6429c38b28 100644
--- a/src/core/iomgr/udp_server.c
+++ b/src/core/iomgr/udp_server.c
@@ -235,8 +235,10 @@ static int prepare_socket(int fd, const struct sockaddr *addr, int addr_len) {
   rc = setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_PKTINFO, &get_local_ip,
                   sizeof(get_local_ip));
   if (rc == 0 && addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
+#if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
     rc = setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &get_local_ip,
                     sizeof(get_local_ip));
+#endif
   }
 
   if (bind(fd, addr, addr_len) < 0) {
diff --git a/src/core/profiling/basic_timers.c b/src/core/profiling/basic_timers.c
index ae37f584eb..4b6a0d2f56 100644
--- a/src/core/profiling/basic_timers.c
+++ b/src/core/profiling/basic_timers.c
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 #ifdef GRPC_BASIC_PROFILER
 
 #include "src/core/profiling/timers.h"
-#include "src/core/profiling/timers_preciseclock.h"
 
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ typedef enum {
 } marker_type;
 
 typedef struct grpc_timer_entry {
-  grpc_precise_clock tm;
+  gpr_timespec tm;
   int tag;
   const char* tagstr;
   marker_type type;
@@ -71,9 +70,8 @@ static void log_report() {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
     grpc_timer_entry* entry = &(log[i]);
-    printf("GRPC_LAT_PROF " GRPC_PRECISE_CLOCK_FORMAT
-           " %p %c %d(%s) %p %s %d\n",
-           GRPC_PRECISE_CLOCK_PRINTF_ARGS(&entry->tm),
+    printf("GRPC_LAT_PROF %ld.%09d  %p %c %d(%s) %p %s %d\n",
+           entry->tm.tv_sec, entry->tm.tv_nsec,
            (void*)(gpr_intptr)gpr_thd_currentid(), entry->type, entry->tag,
            entry->tagstr, entry->id, entry->file, entry->line);
   }
@@ -93,7 +91,7 @@ static void grpc_timers_log_add(int tag, const char* tagstr, marker_type type,
 
   entry = &log[count++];
 
-  grpc_precise_clock_now(&entry->tm);
+  entry->tm = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_PRECISE);
   entry->tag = tag;
   entry->tagstr = tagstr;
   entry->type = type;
diff --git a/src/core/security/client_auth_filter.c b/src/core/security/client_auth_filter.c
index 8e63978b82..f3ecfd0e60 100644
--- a/src/core/security/client_auth_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/security/client_auth_filter.c
@@ -153,7 +153,8 @@ static void send_security_metadata(grpc_call_element *elem,
   }
 
   if (channel_creds_has_md && call_creds_has_md) {
-    calld->creds = grpc_composite_credentials_create(channel_creds, ctx->creds);
+    calld->creds =
+        grpc_composite_credentials_create(channel_creds, ctx->creds, NULL);
     if (calld->creds == NULL) {
       bubble_up_error(elem, GRPC_STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
                       "Incompatible credentials set on channel and call.");
diff --git a/src/core/security/credentials.c b/src/core/security/credentials.c
index 8852cab3e7..362d5f4b6f 100644
--- a/src/core/security/credentials.c
+++ b/src/core/security/credentials.c
@@ -298,8 +298,10 @@ static void ssl_build_server_config(
 }
 
 grpc_credentials *grpc_ssl_credentials_create(
-    const char *pem_root_certs, grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *pem_key_cert_pair) {
+    const char *pem_root_certs, grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *pem_key_cert_pair,
+    void *reserved) {
   grpc_ssl_credentials *c = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_ssl_credentials));
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   memset(c, 0, sizeof(grpc_ssl_credentials));
   c->base.type = GRPC_CREDENTIALS_TYPE_SSL;
   c->base.vtable = &ssl_vtable;
@@ -310,9 +312,11 @@ grpc_credentials *grpc_ssl_credentials_create(
 
 grpc_server_credentials *grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(
     const char *pem_root_certs, grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *pem_key_cert_pairs,
-    size_t num_key_cert_pairs, int force_client_auth) {
+    size_t num_key_cert_pairs, int force_client_auth, void *reserved) {
   grpc_ssl_server_credentials *c =
       gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_ssl_server_credentials));
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
+  memset(c, 0, sizeof(grpc_ssl_credentials));
   memset(c, 0, sizeof(grpc_ssl_server_credentials));
   c->base.type = GRPC_CREDENTIALS_TYPE_SSL;
   c->base.vtable = &ssl_server_vtable;
@@ -430,7 +434,8 @@ grpc_service_account_jwt_access_credentials_create_from_auth_json_key(
 }
 
 grpc_credentials *grpc_service_account_jwt_access_credentials_create(
-    const char *json_key, gpr_timespec token_lifetime) {
+    const char *json_key, gpr_timespec token_lifetime, void *reserved) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   return grpc_service_account_jwt_access_credentials_create_from_auth_json_key(
       grpc_auth_json_key_create_from_string(json_key), token_lifetime);
 }
@@ -635,9 +640,10 @@ static void compute_engine_fetch_oauth2(
                    metadata_req);
 }
 
-grpc_credentials *grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(void) {
+grpc_credentials *grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(void *reserved) {
   grpc_oauth2_token_fetcher_credentials *c =
       gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_oauth2_token_fetcher_credentials));
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   init_oauth2_token_fetcher(c, compute_engine_fetch_oauth2);
   c->base.vtable = &compute_engine_vtable;
   return &c->base;
@@ -693,10 +699,11 @@ static void service_account_fetch_oauth2(
 }
 
 grpc_credentials *grpc_service_account_credentials_create(
-    const char *json_key, const char *scope, gpr_timespec token_lifetime) {
+    const char *json_key, const char *scope, gpr_timespec token_lifetime,
+    void *reserved) {
   grpc_service_account_credentials *c;
   grpc_auth_json_key key = grpc_auth_json_key_create_from_string(json_key);
-
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   if (scope == NULL || (strlen(scope) == 0) ||
       !grpc_auth_json_key_is_valid(&key)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
@@ -766,7 +773,8 @@ grpc_credentials *grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create_from_auth_refresh_token(
 }
 
 grpc_credentials *grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create(
-    const char *json_refresh_token) {
+    const char *json_refresh_token, void *reserved) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   return grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create_from_auth_refresh_token(
       grpc_auth_refresh_token_create_from_string(json_refresh_token));
 }
@@ -867,11 +875,12 @@ static grpc_credentials_vtable access_token_vtable = {
     access_token_has_request_metadata_only, access_token_get_request_metadata,
     NULL};
 
-grpc_credentials *grpc_access_token_credentials_create(
-    const char *access_token) {
+grpc_credentials *grpc_access_token_credentials_create(const char *access_token,
+                                                       void *reserved) {
   grpc_access_token_credentials *c =
       gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_access_token_credentials));
   char *token_md_value;
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   memset(c, 0, sizeof(grpc_access_token_credentials));
   c->base.type = GRPC_CREDENTIALS_TYPE_OAUTH2;
   c->base.vtable = &access_token_vtable;
@@ -1101,12 +1110,14 @@ static grpc_credentials_array get_creds_array(grpc_credentials **creds_addr) {
 }
 
 grpc_credentials *grpc_composite_credentials_create(grpc_credentials *creds1,
-                                                    grpc_credentials *creds2) {
+                                                    grpc_credentials *creds2,
+                                                    void *reserved) {
   size_t i;
   size_t creds_array_byte_size;
   grpc_credentials_array creds1_array;
   grpc_credentials_array creds2_array;
   grpc_composite_credentials *c;
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   GPR_ASSERT(creds1 != NULL);
   GPR_ASSERT(creds2 != NULL);
   c = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_composite_credentials));
@@ -1209,8 +1220,10 @@ static grpc_credentials_vtable iam_vtable = {
     iam_get_request_metadata, NULL};
 
 grpc_credentials *grpc_iam_credentials_create(const char *token,
-                                              const char *authority_selector) {
+                                              const char *authority_selector,
+                                              void *reserved) {
   grpc_iam_credentials *c;
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   GPR_ASSERT(token != NULL);
   GPR_ASSERT(authority_selector != NULL);
   c = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_iam_credentials));
diff --git a/src/core/security/google_default_credentials.c b/src/core/security/google_default_credentials.c
index d6092ece32..f9aa5187ce 100644
--- a/src/core/security/google_default_credentials.c
+++ b/src/core/security/google_default_credentials.c
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ static int is_stack_running_on_compute_engine(void) {
   gpr_mu_lock(GRPC_POLLSET_MU(&detector.pollset));
   while (!detector.is_done) {
     grpc_pollset_worker worker;
-    grpc_pollset_work(&detector.pollset, &worker,
+    grpc_pollset_work(&detector.pollset, &worker, gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC),
                       gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC));
   }
   gpr_mu_unlock(GRPC_POLLSET_MU(&detector.pollset));
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ grpc_credentials *grpc_google_default_credentials_create(void) {
     int need_compute_engine_creds = is_stack_running_on_compute_engine();
     compute_engine_detection_done = 1;
     if (need_compute_engine_creds) {
-      result = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create();
+      result = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(NULL);
     }
   }
 
@@ -202,9 +202,9 @@ end:
   if (!serving_cached_credentials && result != NULL) {
     /* Blend with default ssl credentials and add a global reference so that it
        can be cached and re-served. */
-    grpc_credentials *ssl_creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(NULL, NULL);
+    grpc_credentials *ssl_creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(NULL, NULL, NULL);
     default_credentials = grpc_credentials_ref(
-        grpc_composite_credentials_create(ssl_creds, result));
+        grpc_composite_credentials_create(ssl_creds, result, NULL));
     GPR_ASSERT(default_credentials != NULL);
     grpc_credentials_unref(ssl_creds);
     grpc_credentials_unref(result);
diff --git a/src/core/security/security_connector.c b/src/core/security/security_connector.c
index a354536dcd..ba9ac68c5f 100644
--- a/src/core/security/security_connector.c
+++ b/src/core/security/security_connector.c
@@ -575,6 +575,16 @@ grpc_security_status grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector_create(
   if (!check_request_metadata_creds(request_metadata_creds)) {
     goto error;
   }
+  if (config->pem_root_certs == NULL) {
+    pem_root_certs_size = grpc_get_default_ssl_roots(&pem_root_certs);
+    if (pem_root_certs == NULL || pem_root_certs_size == 0) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Could not get default pem root certs.");
+      goto error;
+    }
+  } else {
+    pem_root_certs = config->pem_root_certs;
+    pem_root_certs_size = config->pem_root_certs_size;
+  }
 
   c = gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector));
   memset(c, 0, sizeof(grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector));
@@ -590,16 +600,6 @@ grpc_security_status grpc_ssl_channel_security_connector_create(
   if (overridden_target_name != NULL) {
     c->overridden_target_name = gpr_strdup(overridden_target_name);
   }
-  if (config->pem_root_certs == NULL) {
-    pem_root_certs_size = grpc_get_default_ssl_roots(&pem_root_certs);
-    if (pem_root_certs == NULL || pem_root_certs_size == 0) {
-      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Could not get default pem root certs.");
-      goto error;
-    }
-  } else {
-    pem_root_certs = config->pem_root_certs;
-    pem_root_certs_size = config->pem_root_certs_size;
-  }
   result = tsi_create_ssl_client_handshaker_factory(
       config->pem_private_key, config->pem_private_key_size,
       config->pem_cert_chain, config->pem_cert_chain_size, pem_root_certs,
diff --git a/src/core/security/server_auth_filter.c b/src/core/security/server_auth_filter.c
index 2f42f01f53..6e831431fa 100644
--- a/src/core/security/server_auth_filter.c
+++ b/src/core/security/server_auth_filter.c
@@ -104,24 +104,34 @@ static grpc_mdelem *remove_consumed_md(void *user_data, grpc_mdelem *md) {
   return md;
 }
 
-static void on_md_processing_done(void *user_data,
-                                  const grpc_metadata *consumed_md,
-                                  size_t num_consumed_md, int success) {
+static void on_md_processing_done(
+    void *user_data, const grpc_metadata *consumed_md, size_t num_consumed_md,
+    const grpc_metadata *response_md, size_t num_response_md,
+    grpc_status_code status, const char *error_details) {
   grpc_call_element *elem = user_data;
   call_data *calld = elem->call_data;
 
-  if (success) {
+  /* TODO(jboeuf): Implement support for response_md. */
+  if (response_md != NULL && num_response_md > 0) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "response_md in auth metadata processing not supported for now. "
+            "Ignoring...");
+  }
+
+  if (status == GRPC_STATUS_OK) {
     calld->consumed_md = consumed_md;
     calld->num_consumed_md = num_consumed_md;
     grpc_metadata_batch_filter(&calld->md_op->data.metadata, remove_consumed_md,
                                elem);
-    calld->on_done_recv->cb(calld->on_done_recv->cb_arg, success);
+    calld->on_done_recv->cb(calld->on_done_recv->cb_arg, 1);
   } else {
-    gpr_slice message = gpr_slice_from_copied_string(
-        "Authentication metadata processing failed.");
+    gpr_slice message;
+    error_details = error_details != NULL
+                    ? error_details
+                    : "Authentication metadata processing failed.";
+    message = gpr_slice_from_copied_string(error_details);
     grpc_sopb_reset(calld->recv_ops);
-    grpc_transport_stream_op_add_close(&calld->transport_op,
-                                       GRPC_STATUS_UNAUTHENTICATED, &message);
+    grpc_transport_stream_op_add_close(&calld->transport_op, status, &message);
     grpc_call_next_op(elem, &calld->transport_op);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/core/support/log_win32.c b/src/core/support/log_win32.c
index 629781da8a..b68239f8f5 100644
--- a/src/core/support/log_win32.c
+++ b/src/core/support/log_win32.c
@@ -81,10 +81,18 @@ void gpr_log(const char *file, int line, gpr_log_severity severity,
 
 /* Simple starter implementation */
 void gpr_default_log(gpr_log_func_args *args) {
+  char *final_slash;
+  const char *display_file;
   char time_buffer[64];
   gpr_timespec now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
   struct tm tm;
 
+  final_slash = strrchr(args->file, '\\');
+  if (final_slash == NULL)
+    display_file = args->file;
+  else
+    display_file = final_slash + 1;
+
   if (localtime_s(&tm, &now.tv_sec)) {
     strcpy(time_buffer, "error:localtime");
   } else if (0 ==
@@ -94,7 +102,7 @@ void gpr_default_log(gpr_log_func_args *args) {
 
   fprintf(stderr, "%s%s.%09u %5lu %s:%d] %s\n",
           gpr_log_severity_string(args->severity), time_buffer,
-          (int)(now.tv_nsec), GetCurrentThreadId(), args->file, args->line,
+          (int)(now.tv_nsec), GetCurrentThreadId(), display_file, args->line,
           args->message);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/support/time_posix.c b/src/core/support/time_posix.c
index 841485c4b4..a274400243 100644
--- a/src/core/support/time_posix.c
+++ b/src/core/support/time_posix.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
+#include <src/core/support/time_precise.h>
 
 #ifdef GPR_POSIX_TIME
 
@@ -66,8 +67,14 @@ void gpr_time_init(void) {}
 gpr_timespec gpr_now(gpr_clock_type clock) {
   struct timespec now;
   GPR_ASSERT(clock != GPR_TIMESPAN);
-  clock_gettime(clockid_for_gpr_clock[clock], &now);
-  return gpr_from_timespec(now, clock);
+  if (clock == GPR_CLOCK_PRECISE) {
+    gpr_timespec ret;
+    gpr_precise_clock_now(&ret);
+    return ret;
+  } else {
+    clock_gettime(clockid_for_gpr_clock[clock], &now);
+    return gpr_from_timespec(now, clock);
+  }
 }
 #else
 /* For some reason Apple's OSes haven't implemented clock_gettime. */
@@ -104,6 +111,9 @@ gpr_timespec gpr_now(gpr_clock_type clock) {
       now.tv_sec = now_dbl * 1e-9;
       now.tv_nsec = now_dbl - now.tv_sec * 1e9;
       break;
+    case GPR_CLOCK_PRECISE:
+      gpr_precise_clock_now(&now);
+      break;
     case GPR_TIMESPAN:
       abort();
   }
diff --git a/src/core/profiling/timers_preciseclock.h b/src/core/support/time_precise.h
index 5c251b47e6..574ebb8448 100644
--- a/src/core/profiling/timers_preciseclock.h
+++ b/src/core/support/time_precise.h
@@ -31,65 +31,63 @@
  *
  */
 
-#ifndef GRPC_CORE_PROFILING_TIMERS_PRECISECLOCK_H
-#define GRPC_CORE_PROFILING_TIMERS_PRECISECLOCK_H
+#ifndef GRPC_CORE_SUPPORT_TIME_PRECISE_H_
+#define GRPC_CORE_SUPPORT_TIME_PRECISE_H_
 
 #include <grpc/support/sync.h>
 #include <grpc/support/time.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #ifdef GRPC_TIMERS_RDTSC
-typedef long long int grpc_precise_clock;
 #if defined(__i386__)
-static void grpc_precise_clock_now(grpc_precise_clock *clk) {
-  grpc_precise_clock ret;
+static void gpr_get_cycle_counter(long long int *clk) {
+  long long int ret;
   __asm__ volatile("rdtsc" : "=A"(ret));
   *clk = ret;
 }
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 #elif defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__amd64__)
-static void grpc_precise_clock_now(grpc_precise_clock *clk) {
+static void gpr_get_cycle_counter(long long int *clk) {
   unsigned long long low, high;
   __asm__ volatile("rdtsc" : "=a"(low), "=d"(high));
   *clk = (high << 32) | low;
 }
 #endif
+
 static gpr_once precise_clock_init = GPR_ONCE_INIT;
-static double cycles_per_second = 0.0;
-static void grpc_precise_clock_init() {
+static long long cycles_per_second = 0;
+static void gpr_precise_clock_init() {
   time_t start = time(NULL);
-  grpc_precise_clock start_time;
-  grpc_precise_clock end_time;
+  gpr_precise_clock start_cycle;
+  gpr_precise_clock end_cycle;
   while (time(NULL) == start)
     ;
-  grpc_precise_clock_now(&start_time);
+  gpr_get_cycle_counter(&start_cycle);
   while (time(NULL) == start + 1)
     ;
-  grpc_precise_clock_now(&end_time);
-  cycles_per_second = end_time - start_time;
+  gpr_get_cycle_counter(&end_cycle);
+  cycles_per_second = end_cycle - start_cycle;
 }
+
 static double grpc_precise_clock_scaling_factor() {
   gpr_once_init(&precise_clock_init, grpc_precise_clock_init);
   return 1e6 / cycles_per_second;
 }
-#define GRPC_PRECISE_CLOCK_FORMAT "%f"
-#define GRPC_PRECISE_CLOCK_PRINTF_ARGS(clk) \
-  (*(clk)*grpc_precise_clock_scaling_factor())
-#else
-typedef struct grpc_precise_clock grpc_precise_clock;
-struct grpc_precise_clock {
-  gpr_timespec clock;
-};
-static void grpc_precise_clock_now(grpc_precise_clock* clk) {
-  clk->clock = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+
+static void gpr_precise_clock_now(gpr_timespec *clk) {
+  long long int counter;
+  gpr_get_cycle_counter(&counter);
+  clk->clock = GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME;
+  clk->tv_sec = counter / cycles_per_second;
+  clk->tv_nsec = counter % cycles_per_second;
 }
-#define GRPC_PRECISE_CLOCK_FORMAT "%ld.%09d"
-#define GRPC_PRECISE_CLOCK_PRINTF_ARGS(clk) \
-  (clk)->clock.tv_sec, (clk)->clock.tv_nsec
-static void grpc_precise_clock_print(const grpc_precise_clock* clk, FILE* fp) {
-  fprintf(fp, "%ld.%09d", clk->clock.tv_sec, clk->clock.tv_nsec);
+
+#else /* GRPC_TIMERS_RDTSC */
+static void gpr_precise_clock_now(gpr_timespec *clk) {
+  *clk = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  clk->clock_type = GPR_CLOCK_PRECISE;
 }
 #endif /* GRPC_TIMERS_RDTSC */
 
-#endif /* GRPC_CORE_PROFILING_TIMERS_PRECISECLOCK_H */
+#endif /* GRPC_CORE_SUPPORT_TIME_PRECISE_ */
diff --git a/src/core/support/time_win32.c b/src/core/support/time_win32.c
index 7f64c80e27..f794855429 100644
--- a/src/core/support/time_win32.c
+++ b/src/core/support/time_win32.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #ifdef GPR_WIN32
 
 #include <grpc/support/time.h>
+#include <src/core/support/time_precise.h>
 #include <sys/timeb.h>
 
 static LARGE_INTEGER g_start_time;
@@ -68,6 +69,9 @@ gpr_timespec gpr_now(gpr_clock_type clock) {
       now_tv.tv_sec = (time_t)now_dbl;
       now_tv.tv_nsec = (int)((now_dbl - (double)now_tv.tv_sec) * 1e9);
       break;
+    case GPR_CLOCK_PRECISE:
+      gpr_precise_clock_now(&now_tv);
+      break;
   }
   return now_tv;
 }
diff --git a/src/core/surface/call.c b/src/core/surface/call.c
index 33f277da46..4426bbbce9 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/call.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/call.c
@@ -1046,10 +1046,11 @@ static int prepare_application_metadata(grpc_call *call, size_t count,
                                                (const gpr_uint8 *)md->value,
                                                md->value_length, 1);
     if (!grpc_mdstr_is_legal_header(l->md->key)) {
-      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "attempt to send invalid metadata key");
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "attempt to send invalid metadata key: %s",
+              grpc_mdstr_as_c_string(l->md->key));
       return 0;
     } else if (!grpc_mdstr_is_bin_suffixed(l->md->key) &&
-               !grpc_mdstr_is_legal_header(l->md->value)) {
+               !grpc_mdstr_is_legal_nonbin_header(l->md->value)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "attempt to send invalid metadata value");
       return 0;
     }
diff --git a/src/core/surface/channel.c b/src/core/surface/channel.c
index e50251566d..586402e21c 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/channel.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/channel.c
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 
+#include "src/core/client_config/resolver_registry.h"
 #include "src/core/iomgr/iomgr.h"
 #include "src/core/support/string.h"
 #include "src/core/surface/call.h"
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ struct grpc_channel {
   grpc_mdstr *grpc_message_string;
   grpc_mdstr *path_string;
   grpc_mdstr *authority_string;
+  grpc_mdelem *default_authority;
   /** mdelem for grpc-status: 0 thru grpc-status: 2 */
   grpc_mdelem *grpc_status_elem[NUM_CACHED_STATUS_ELEMS];
 
@@ -134,10 +136,47 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_channel_create_from_filters(
         } else {
           channel->max_message_length = args->args[i].value.integer;
         }
+      } else if (0 == strcmp(args->args[i].key, GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY)) {
+        if (args->args[i].type != GRPC_ARG_STRING) {
+          gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "%s: must be an string",
+                  GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY);
+        } else {
+          if (channel->default_authority) {
+            /* setting this takes precedence over anything else */
+            GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(channel->default_authority);
+          }
+          channel->default_authority = grpc_mdelem_from_strings(
+              mdctx, ":authority", args->args[i].value.string);
+        }
+      } else if (0 ==
+                 strcmp(args->args[i].key, GRPC_SSL_TARGET_NAME_OVERRIDE_ARG)) {
+        if (args->args[i].type != GRPC_ARG_STRING) {
+          gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "%s: must be an string",
+                  GRPC_SSL_TARGET_NAME_OVERRIDE_ARG);
+        } else {
+          if (channel->default_authority) {
+            /* other ways of setting this (notably ssl) take precedence */
+            gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "%s: default host already set some other way",
+                    GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY);
+          } else {
+            channel->default_authority = grpc_mdelem_from_strings(
+                mdctx, ":authority", args->args[i].value.string);
+          }
+        }
       }
     }
   }
 
+  if (channel->is_client && channel->default_authority == NULL &&
+      target != NULL) {
+    char *default_authority = grpc_get_default_authority(target);
+    if (default_authority) {
+      channel->default_authority = grpc_mdelem_from_strings(
+          channel->metadata_context, ":authority", default_authority);
+    }
+    gpr_free(default_authority);
+  }
+
   grpc_channel_stack_init(filters, num_filters, channel, args,
                           channel->metadata_context,
                           CHANNEL_STACK_FROM_CHANNEL(channel));
@@ -161,6 +200,8 @@ static grpc_call *grpc_channel_create_call_internal(
   send_metadata[num_metadata++] = path_mdelem;
   if (authority_mdelem != NULL) {
     send_metadata[num_metadata++] = authority_mdelem;
+  } else if (channel->default_authority != NULL) {
+    send_metadata[num_metadata++] = GRPC_MDELEM_REF(channel->default_authority);
   }
 
   return grpc_call_create(channel, parent_call, propagation_mask, cq, NULL,
@@ -251,6 +292,9 @@ static void destroy_channel(void *p, int ok) {
     }
     gpr_free(rc);
   }
+  if (channel->default_authority != NULL) {
+    GRPC_MDELEM_UNREF(channel->default_authority);
+  }
   grpc_mdctx_unref(channel->metadata_context);
   gpr_mu_destroy(&channel->registered_call_mu);
   gpr_free(channel->target);
diff --git a/src/core/surface/channel_create.c b/src/core/surface/channel_create.c
index 82ddfac757..707251da89 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/channel_create.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/channel_create.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 
+#include "src/core/census/grpc_filter.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/client_channel.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/compress_filter.h"
@@ -165,10 +166,9 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_insecure_channel_create(const char *target,
   grpc_mdctx *mdctx = grpc_mdctx_create();
   int n = 0;
   GPR_ASSERT(!reserved);
-  /* TODO(census)
   if (grpc_channel_args_is_census_enabled(args)) {
     filters[n++] = &grpc_client_census_filter;
-    } */
+  }
   filters[n++] = &grpc_compress_filter;
   filters[n++] = &grpc_client_channel_filter;
   GPR_ASSERT(n <= MAX_FILTERS);
diff --git a/src/core/surface/completion_queue.c b/src/core/surface/completion_queue.c
index 77443a7ae8..b58115a93f 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/completion_queue.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/completion_queue.c
@@ -170,6 +170,9 @@ grpc_event grpc_completion_queue_next(grpc_completion_queue *cc,
                                       gpr_timespec deadline, void *reserved) {
   grpc_event ret;
   grpc_pollset_worker worker;
+  int first_loop = 1;
+  gpr_timespec now;
+
   GPR_ASSERT(!reserved);
 
   deadline = gpr_convert_clock_type(deadline, GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
@@ -196,12 +199,15 @@ grpc_event grpc_completion_queue_next(grpc_completion_queue *cc,
       ret.type = GRPC_QUEUE_SHUTDOWN;
       break;
     }
-    if (!grpc_pollset_work(&cc->pollset, &worker, deadline)) {
+    now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+    if (!first_loop && gpr_time_cmp(now, deadline) >= 0) {
       gpr_mu_unlock(GRPC_POLLSET_MU(&cc->pollset));
       memset(&ret, 0, sizeof(ret));
       ret.type = GRPC_QUEUE_TIMEOUT;
       break;
     }
+    first_loop = 0;
+    grpc_pollset_work(&cc->pollset, &worker, now, deadline);
   }
   GRPC_SURFACE_TRACE_RETURNED_EVENT(cc, &ret);
   GRPC_CQ_INTERNAL_UNREF(cc, "next");
@@ -239,6 +245,9 @@ grpc_event grpc_completion_queue_pluck(grpc_completion_queue *cc, void *tag,
   grpc_cq_completion *c;
   grpc_cq_completion *prev;
   grpc_pollset_worker worker;
+  gpr_timespec now;
+  int first_loop = 1;
+
   GPR_ASSERT(!reserved);
 
   deadline = gpr_convert_clock_type(deadline, GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
@@ -281,13 +290,16 @@ grpc_event grpc_completion_queue_pluck(grpc_completion_queue *cc, void *tag,
       ret.type = GRPC_QUEUE_TIMEOUT;
       break;
     }
-    if (!grpc_pollset_work(&cc->pollset, &worker, deadline)) {
+    now = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+    if (!first_loop && gpr_time_cmp(now, deadline) >= 0) {
       del_plucker(cc, tag, &worker);
       gpr_mu_unlock(GRPC_POLLSET_MU(&cc->pollset));
       memset(&ret, 0, sizeof(ret));
       ret.type = GRPC_QUEUE_TIMEOUT;
       break;
     }
+    first_loop = 0;
+    grpc_pollset_work(&cc->pollset, &worker, now, deadline);
     del_plucker(cc, tag, &worker);
   }
 done:
diff --git a/src/core/surface/init.c b/src/core/surface/init.c
index d9044549f2..0d48cd42d7 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/init.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/init.c
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ void grpc_init(void) {
   if (++g_initializations == 1) {
     gpr_time_init();
     grpc_resolver_registry_init("dns:///");
-    grpc_register_resolver_type("dns", grpc_dns_resolver_factory_create());
-    grpc_register_resolver_type("ipv4", grpc_ipv4_resolver_factory_create());
-    grpc_register_resolver_type("ipv6", grpc_ipv6_resolver_factory_create());
+    grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_dns_resolver_factory_create());
+    grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_ipv4_resolver_factory_create());
+    grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_ipv6_resolver_factory_create());
 #ifdef GPR_POSIX_SOCKET
-    grpc_register_resolver_type("unix", grpc_unix_resolver_factory_create());
+    grpc_register_resolver_type(grpc_unix_resolver_factory_create());
 #endif
     grpc_register_tracer("channel", &grpc_trace_channel);
     grpc_register_tracer("surface", &grpc_surface_trace);
diff --git a/src/core/surface/secure_channel_create.c b/src/core/surface/secure_channel_create.c
index 5b03ba95a7..35b60bdbef 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/secure_channel_create.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/secure_channel_create.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 
+#include "src/core/census/grpc_filter.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/client_channel.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/compress_filter.h"
@@ -184,7 +185,8 @@ static const grpc_subchannel_factory_vtable subchannel_factory_vtable = {
                    - perform handshakes */
 grpc_channel *grpc_secure_channel_create(grpc_credentials *creds,
                                          const char *target,
-                                         const grpc_channel_args *args) {
+                                         const grpc_channel_args *args,
+                                         void *reserved) {
   grpc_channel *channel;
   grpc_arg connector_arg;
   grpc_channel_args *args_copy;
@@ -197,6 +199,7 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_secure_channel_create(grpc_credentials *creds,
   const grpc_channel_filter *filters[MAX_FILTERS];
   int n = 0;
 
+  GPR_ASSERT(reserved == NULL);
   if (grpc_find_security_connector_in_args(args) != NULL) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Cannot set security context in channel args.");
     return grpc_lame_client_channel_create(
@@ -217,10 +220,9 @@ grpc_channel *grpc_secure_channel_create(grpc_credentials *creds,
   args_copy = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(
       new_args_from_connector != NULL ? new_args_from_connector : args,
       &connector_arg, 1);
-  /* TODO(census)
   if (grpc_channel_args_is_census_enabled(args)) {
     filters[n++] = &grpc_client_census_filter;
-    } */
+  }
   filters[n++] = &grpc_compress_filter;
   filters[n++] = &grpc_client_channel_filter;
   GPR_ASSERT(n <= MAX_FILTERS);
diff --git a/src/core/surface/server.c b/src/core/surface/server.c
index 1c402418e8..292bf6fab8 100644
--- a/src/core/surface/server.c
+++ b/src/core/surface/server.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 #include <grpc/support/useful.h>
 
-#include "src/core/channel/census_filter.h"
+#include "src/core/census/grpc_filter.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_args.h"
 #include "src/core/channel/connected_channel.h"
 #include "src/core/iomgr/iomgr.h"
@@ -821,10 +821,9 @@ grpc_server *grpc_server_create_from_filters(
   server->channel_filters =
       gpr_malloc(server->channel_filter_count * sizeof(grpc_channel_filter *));
   server->channel_filters[0] = &server_surface_filter;
-  /* TODO(census): restore this once we rework census filter
   if (census_enabled) {
     server->channel_filters[1] = &grpc_server_census_filter;
-    } */
+  }
   for (i = 0; i < filter_count; i++) {
     server->channel_filters[i + 1 + census_enabled] = filters[i];
   }
diff --git a/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_encoder.c b/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_encoder.c
index 0f04169741..1ea697f71e 100644
--- a/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_encoder.c
+++ b/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_encoder.c
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ typedef struct {
   size_t header_idx;
   /* was the last frame emitted a header? (if yes, we'll need a CONTINUATION */
   gpr_uint8 last_was_header;
+  /* have we seen a regular (non-colon-prefixed) header yet? */
+  gpr_uint8 seen_regular_header;
   /* output stream id */
   gpr_uint32 stream_id;
   gpr_slice_buffer *output;
@@ -361,6 +363,15 @@ static grpc_mdelem *hpack_enc(grpc_chttp2_hpack_compressor *c,
   gpr_uint32 indices_key;
   int should_add_elem;
 
+  GPR_ASSERT (GPR_SLICE_LENGTH(elem->key->slice) > 0);
+  if (GPR_SLICE_START_PTR(elem->key->slice)[0] != ':') { /* regular header */
+    st->seen_regular_header = 1;
+  } else if (st->seen_regular_header != 0) { /* reserved header */
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "Reserved header (colon-prefixed) happening after regular ones.");
+    abort();
+  }
+
   inc_filter(HASH_FRAGMENT_1(elem_hash), &c->filter_elems_sum, c->filter_elems);
 
   /* is this elem currently in the decoders table? */
@@ -566,6 +577,7 @@ void grpc_chttp2_encode(grpc_stream_op *ops, size_t ops_count, int eof,
 
   st.cur_frame_type = NONE;
   st.last_was_header = 0;
+  st.seen_regular_header = 0;
   st.stream_id = stream_id;
   st.output = output;
 
diff --git a/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_lists.c b/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_lists.c
index 38c6052f9c..781db7b0d6 100644
--- a/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_lists.c
+++ b/src/core/transport/chttp2/stream_lists.c
@@ -177,8 +177,10 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_writable_stream(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_GLOBAL(transport_global), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WRITABLE);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
-  *stream_writing = &stream->writing;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+    *stream_writing = &stream->writing;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -210,7 +212,9 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_writing_stream(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_WRITING(transport_writing), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WRITING);
-  *stream_writing = &stream->writing;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_writing = &stream->writing;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -230,8 +234,10 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_written_stream(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_WRITING(transport_writing), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WRITTEN);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
-  *stream_writing = &stream->writing;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+    *stream_writing = &stream->writing;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -251,8 +257,10 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_parsing_seen_stream(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_PARSING(transport_parsing), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_PARSING_SEEN);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
-  *stream_parsing = &stream->parsing;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+    *stream_parsing = &stream->parsing;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -270,7 +278,9 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_waiting_for_concurrency(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_GLOBAL(transport_global), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_WAITING_FOR_CONCURRENCY);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -288,7 +298,9 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_closed_waiting_for_parsing(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_GLOBAL(transport_global), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_CLOSED_WAITING_FOR_PARSING);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -306,7 +318,9 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_cancelled_waiting_for_writing(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_GLOBAL(transport_global), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_CANCELLED_WAITING_FOR_WRITING);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -326,8 +340,10 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_incoming_window_updated(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_GLOBAL(transport_global), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_INCOMING_WINDOW_UPDATED);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
-  *stream_parsing = &stream->parsing;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+    *stream_parsing = &stream->parsing;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -353,7 +369,9 @@ int grpc_chttp2_list_pop_read_write_state_changed(
   grpc_chttp2_stream *stream;
   int r = stream_list_pop(TRANSPORT_FROM_GLOBAL(transport_global), &stream,
                           GRPC_CHTTP2_LIST_READ_WRITE_STATE_CHANGED);
-  *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  if (r != 0) {
+    *stream_global = &stream->global;
+  }
   return r;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/transport/metadata.c b/src/core/transport/metadata.c
index f92e87e9dd..61638764a6 100644
--- a/src/core/transport/metadata.c
+++ b/src/core/transport/metadata.c
@@ -681,16 +681,34 @@ void grpc_mdctx_locked_mdelem_unref(grpc_mdctx *ctx,
 
 void grpc_mdctx_unlock(grpc_mdctx *ctx) { unlock(ctx); }
 
-int grpc_mdstr_is_legal_header(grpc_mdstr *s) {
-  /* TODO(ctiller): consider caching this, or computing it on construction */
+static int conforms_to(grpc_mdstr *s, const gpr_uint8 *legal_bits) {
   const gpr_uint8 *p = GPR_SLICE_START_PTR(s->slice);
   const gpr_uint8 *e = GPR_SLICE_END_PTR(s->slice);
   for (; p != e; p++) {
-    if (*p < 32 || *p > 126) return 0;
+    int idx = *p;
+    int byte = idx / 8;
+    int bit = idx % 8;
+    if ((legal_bits[byte] & (1 << bit)) == 0) return 0;
   }
   return 1;
 }
 
+int grpc_mdstr_is_legal_header(grpc_mdstr *s) {
+  static const gpr_uint8 legal_header_bits[256 / 8] = {
+      0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x20, 0xff, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+      0x80, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+      0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+  return conforms_to(s, legal_header_bits);
+}
+
+int grpc_mdstr_is_legal_nonbin_header(grpc_mdstr *s) {
+  static const gpr_uint8 legal_header_bits[256 / 8] = {
+      0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xef, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+      0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+      0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+  return conforms_to(s, legal_header_bits);
+}
+
 int grpc_mdstr_is_bin_suffixed(grpc_mdstr *s) {
   /* TODO(ctiller): consider caching this */
   return grpc_is_binary_header((const char *)GPR_SLICE_START_PTR(s->slice),
diff --git a/src/core/transport/metadata.h b/src/core/transport/metadata.h
index a7af49ba55..eb17747be7 100644
--- a/src/core/transport/metadata.h
+++ b/src/core/transport/metadata.h
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ void grpc_mdelem_unref(grpc_mdelem *md);
 const char *grpc_mdstr_as_c_string(grpc_mdstr *s);
 
 int grpc_mdstr_is_legal_header(grpc_mdstr *s);
+int grpc_mdstr_is_legal_nonbin_header(grpc_mdstr *s);
 int grpc_mdstr_is_bin_suffixed(grpc_mdstr *s);
 
 /* Batch mode metadata functions.
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/channel.cc b/src/cpp/client/channel.cc
index 17f31c22cb..8bf2e4687e 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/channel.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/channel.cc
@@ -31,29 +31,26 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include "src/cpp/client/channel.h"
+#include <grpc++/channel.h>
 
 #include <memory>
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc/support/slice.h>
-
-#include "src/core/profiling/timers.h"
-#include <grpc++/channel_arguments.h>
 #include <grpc++/client_context.h>
 #include <grpc++/completion_queue.h>
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
 #include <grpc++/credentials.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/call.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/rpc_method.h>
-#include <grpc++/status.h>
-#include <grpc++/time.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/channel_arguments.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/status.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/time.h>
+#include "src/core/profiling/timers.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
-Channel::Channel(grpc_channel* channel) : c_channel_(channel) {}
-
 Channel::Channel(const grpc::string& host, grpc_channel* channel)
     : host_(host), c_channel_(channel) {}
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/channel_arguments.cc b/src/cpp/client/channel_arguments.cc
index da6602e7af..50422d06c9 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/channel_arguments.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/channel_arguments.cc
@@ -31,10 +31,9 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/channel_arguments.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/channel_arguments.h>
 
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_args.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc b/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
index b8caa1eae4..c4d7cf2e51 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
 #include <grpc++/credentials.h>
 #include <grpc++/server_context.h>
-#include <grpc++/time.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/time.h>
 
 #include "src/core/channel/compress_filter.h"
 #include "src/cpp/common/create_auth_context.h"
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ void ClientContext::AddMetadata(const grpc::string& meta_key,
 }
 
 void ClientContext::set_call(grpc_call* call,
-                             const std::shared_ptr<ChannelInterface>& channel) {
+                             const std::shared_ptr<Channel>& channel) {
   GPR_ASSERT(call_ == nullptr);
   call_ = call;
   channel_ = channel;
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/create_channel.cc b/src/cpp/client/create_channel.cc
index 5ae772f096..1dac960017 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/create_channel.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/create_channel.cc
@@ -34,15 +34,21 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <sstream>
 
-#include "src/cpp/client/channel.h"
-#include <grpc++/channel_interface.h>
-#include <grpc++/channel_arguments.h>
+#include <grpc++/channel.h>
 #include <grpc++/create_channel.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/channel_arguments.h>
+
+#include "src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 class ChannelArguments;
 
-std::shared_ptr<ChannelInterface> CreateChannel(
+std::shared_ptr<Channel> CreateChannel(
+    const grpc::string& target, const std::shared_ptr<Credentials>& creds) {
+  return CreateCustomChannel(target, creds, ChannelArguments());
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<Channel> CreateCustomChannel(
     const grpc::string& target, const std::shared_ptr<Credentials>& creds,
     const ChannelArguments& args) {
   ChannelArguments cp_args = args;
@@ -50,10 +56,11 @@ std::shared_ptr<ChannelInterface> CreateChannel(
   user_agent_prefix << "grpc-c++/" << grpc_version_string();
   cp_args.SetString(GRPC_ARG_PRIMARY_USER_AGENT_STRING,
                     user_agent_prefix.str());
-  return creds ? creds->CreateChannel(target, cp_args)
-               : std::shared_ptr<ChannelInterface>(
-                     new Channel(grpc_lame_client_channel_create(
-                         NULL, GRPC_STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
-                         "Invalid credentials.")));
+  return creds
+             ? creds->CreateChannel(target, cp_args)
+             : CreateChannelInternal("", grpc_lame_client_channel_create(
+                                             NULL, GRPC_STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
+                                             "Invalid credentials."));
 }
+
 }  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/internal_stub.cc b/src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.cc
index 91724a4837..9c5ab038cf 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/internal_stub.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.cc
@@ -31,6 +31,16 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/impl/internal_stub.h>
+#include <memory>
 
-namespace grpc {}  // namespace grpc
+#include <grpc++/channel.h>
+
+struct grpc_channel;
+
+namespace grpc {
+
+std::shared_ptr<Channel> CreateChannelInternal(const grpc::string& host,
+                                               grpc_channel* c_channel) {
+  return std::shared_ptr<Channel>(new Channel(host, c_channel));
+}
+}  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.h b/src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4385ec701e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_CLIENT_CREATE_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_H
+#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_CLIENT_CREATE_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_H
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
+
+struct grpc_channel;
+
+namespace grpc {
+class Channel;
+
+std::shared_ptr<Channel> CreateChannelInternal(const grpc::string& host,
+                                               grpc_channel* c_channel);
+
+}  // namespace grpc
+
+#endif  // GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_CLIENT_CREATE_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_H
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc b/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc
index 0c90578ae5..7a2fdf941c 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/generic_stub.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/generic_stub.h>
+#include <grpc++/generic/generic_stub.h>
 
 #include <grpc++/impl/rpc_method.h>
 
@@ -44,8 +44,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter> GenericStub::Call(
   return std::unique_ptr<GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter>(
       new GenericClientAsyncReaderWriter(
           channel_.get(), cq,
-          RpcMethod(method.c_str(), RpcMethod::BIDI_STREAMING, nullptr),
-          context, tag));
+          RpcMethod(method.c_str(), RpcMethod::BIDI_STREAMING), context, tag));
 }
 
 }  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/insecure_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/client/insecure_credentials.cc
index 2f9357b568..4a4d2cb97d 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/insecure_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/insecure_credentials.cc
@@ -31,25 +31,27 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include <grpc++/credentials.h>
+
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-
-#include <grpc++/channel_arguments.h>
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
-#include <grpc++/credentials.h>
-#include "src/cpp/client/channel.h"
+#include <grpc++/channel.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/channel_arguments.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
+#include "src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
 namespace {
 class InsecureCredentialsImpl GRPC_FINAL : public Credentials {
  public:
-  std::shared_ptr<grpc::ChannelInterface> CreateChannel(
+  std::shared_ptr<grpc::Channel> CreateChannel(
       const string& target, const grpc::ChannelArguments& args) GRPC_OVERRIDE {
     grpc_channel_args channel_args;
     args.SetChannelArgs(&channel_args);
-    return std::shared_ptr<ChannelInterface>(new Channel(
-        grpc_insecure_channel_create(target.c_str(), &channel_args, nullptr)));
+    return CreateChannelInternal(
+        "",
+        grpc_insecure_channel_create(target.c_str(), &channel_args, nullptr));
   }
 
   // InsecureCredentials should not be applied to a call.
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/secure_channel_arguments.cc b/src/cpp/client/secure_channel_arguments.cc
index d89df999ad..e17d3b58b0 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/secure_channel_arguments.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/secure_channel_arguments.cc
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/channel_arguments.h>
-#include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/channel_arguments.h>
 
+#include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 #include "src/core/channel/channel_args.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc
index 6cd6b77fcf..e0642469b4 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc
@@ -32,21 +32,22 @@
  */
 
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-
-#include <grpc++/channel_arguments.h>
+#include <grpc++/channel.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/grpc_library.h>
-#include "src/cpp/client/channel.h"
+#include <grpc++/support/channel_arguments.h>
+#include "src/cpp/client/create_channel_internal.h"
 #include "src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
-std::shared_ptr<grpc::ChannelInterface> SecureCredentials::CreateChannel(
+std::shared_ptr<grpc::Channel> SecureCredentials::CreateChannel(
     const string& target, const grpc::ChannelArguments& args) {
   grpc_channel_args channel_args;
   args.SetChannelArgs(&channel_args);
-  return std::shared_ptr<ChannelInterface>(new Channel(
+  return CreateChannelInternal(
       args.GetSslTargetNameOverride(),
-      grpc_secure_channel_create(c_creds_, target.c_str(), &channel_args)));
+      grpc_secure_channel_create(c_creds_, target.c_str(), &channel_args,
+                                 nullptr));
 }
 
 bool SecureCredentials::ApplyToCall(grpc_call* call) {
@@ -75,14 +76,14 @@ std::shared_ptr<Credentials> SslCredentials(
 
   grpc_credentials* c_creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(
       options.pem_root_certs.empty() ? nullptr : options.pem_root_certs.c_str(),
-      options.pem_private_key.empty() ? nullptr : &pem_key_cert_pair);
+      options.pem_private_key.empty() ? nullptr : &pem_key_cert_pair, nullptr);
   return WrapCredentials(c_creds);
 }
 
 // Builds credentials for use when running in GCE
 std::shared_ptr<Credentials> ComputeEngineCredentials() {
   GrpcLibrary init;  // To call grpc_init().
-  return WrapCredentials(grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create());
+  return WrapCredentials(grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(nullptr));
 }
 
 // Builds service account credentials.
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Credentials> ServiceAccountCredentials(
   gpr_timespec lifetime =
       gpr_time_from_seconds(token_lifetime_seconds, GPR_TIMESPAN);
   return WrapCredentials(grpc_service_account_credentials_create(
-      json_key.c_str(), scope.c_str(), lifetime));
+      json_key.c_str(), scope.c_str(), lifetime, nullptr));
 }
 
 // Builds JWT credentials.
@@ -114,15 +115,15 @@ std::shared_ptr<Credentials> ServiceAccountJWTAccessCredentials(
   gpr_timespec lifetime =
       gpr_time_from_seconds(token_lifetime_seconds, GPR_TIMESPAN);
   return WrapCredentials(grpc_service_account_jwt_access_credentials_create(
-      json_key.c_str(), lifetime));
+      json_key.c_str(), lifetime, nullptr));
 }
 
 // Builds refresh token credentials.
 std::shared_ptr<Credentials> RefreshTokenCredentials(
     const grpc::string& json_refresh_token) {
   GrpcLibrary init;  // To call grpc_init().
-  return WrapCredentials(
-      grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create(json_refresh_token.c_str()));
+  return WrapCredentials(grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create(
+      json_refresh_token.c_str(), nullptr));
 }
 
 // Builds access token credentials.
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Credentials> AccessTokenCredentials(
     const grpc::string& access_token) {
   GrpcLibrary init;  // To call grpc_init().
   return WrapCredentials(
-      grpc_access_token_credentials_create(access_token.c_str()));
+      grpc_access_token_credentials_create(access_token.c_str(), nullptr));
 }
 
 // Builds IAM credentials.
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Credentials> IAMCredentials(
     const grpc::string& authority_selector) {
   GrpcLibrary init;  // To call grpc_init().
   return WrapCredentials(grpc_iam_credentials_create(
-      authorization_token.c_str(), authority_selector.c_str()));
+      authorization_token.c_str(), authority_selector.c_str(), nullptr));
 }
 
 // Combines two credentials objects into a composite credentials.
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Credentials> CompositeCredentials(
   SecureCredentials* s2 = creds2->AsSecureCredentials();
   if (s1 && s2) {
     return WrapCredentials(grpc_composite_credentials_create(
-        s1->GetRawCreds(), s2->GetRawCreds()));
+        s1->GetRawCreds(), s2->GetRawCreds(), nullptr));
   }
   return nullptr;
 }
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h b/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h
index c2b8d43a15..62d3185477 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h
+++ b/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
 #include <grpc++/credentials.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class SecureCredentials GRPC_FINAL : public Credentials {
   grpc_credentials* GetRawCreds() { return c_creds_; }
   bool ApplyToCall(grpc_call* call) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
-  std::shared_ptr<grpc::ChannelInterface> CreateChannel(
+  std::shared_ptr<grpc::Channel> CreateChannel(
       const string& target, const grpc::ChannelArguments& args) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
   SecureCredentials* AsSecureCredentials() GRPC_OVERRIDE { return this; }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/auth_property_iterator.cc b/src/cpp/common/auth_property_iterator.cc
index d3bfd5cb6b..fa6da9d7a8 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/auth_property_iterator.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/auth_property_iterator.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/auth_context.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/auth_context.h>
 
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ bool AuthPropertyIterator::operator!=(const AuthPropertyIterator& rhs) const {
 }
 
 const AuthProperty AuthPropertyIterator::operator*() {
-  return std::make_pair<grpc::string, grpc::string>(
-      grpc::string(property_->name),
-      grpc::string(property_->value, property_->value_length));
+  return std::pair<grpc::string_ref, grpc::string_ref>(
+      property_->name,
+      grpc::string_ref(property_->value, property_->value_length));
 }
 
 }  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/call.cc b/src/cpp/common/call.cc
index 0a5c976e01..5b87c2a806 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/call.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/call.cc
@@ -34,21 +34,21 @@
 #include <grpc++/impl/call.h>
 
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
-#include <grpc++/byte_buffer.h>
+#include <grpc++/channel.h>
 #include <grpc++/client_context.h>
-#include <grpc++/channel_interface.h>
-
+#include <grpc++/support/byte_buffer.h>
 #include "src/core/profiling/timers.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
-void FillMetadataMap(grpc_metadata_array* arr,
-                     std::multimap<grpc::string, grpc::string>* metadata) {
+void FillMetadataMap(
+    grpc_metadata_array* arr,
+    std::multimap<grpc::string_ref, grpc::string_ref>* metadata) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < arr->count; i++) {
     // TODO(yangg) handle duplicates?
-    metadata->insert(std::pair<grpc::string, grpc::string>(
-        arr->metadata[i].key,
-        grpc::string(arr->metadata[i].value, arr->metadata[i].value_length)));
+    metadata->insert(std::pair<grpc::string_ref, grpc::string_ref>(
+        arr->metadata[i].key, grpc::string_ref(arr->metadata[i].value,
+                                               arr->metadata[i].value_length)));
   }
   grpc_metadata_array_destroy(arr);
   grpc_metadata_array_init(arr);
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/completion_queue.cc b/src/cpp/common/completion_queue.cc
index fca33f8f54..a175beb452 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/completion_queue.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/completion_queue.cc
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
-#include <grpc++/time.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/time.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/create_auth_context.h b/src/cpp/common/create_auth_context.h
index 9082a90c6d..b4962bae4e 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/create_auth_context.h
+++ b/src/cpp/common/create_auth_context.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
-#include <grpc++/auth_context.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/auth_context.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/insecure_create_auth_context.cc b/src/cpp/common/insecure_create_auth_context.cc
index 07fc0bd549..fe80c1a80c 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/insecure_create_auth_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/insecure_create_auth_context.cc
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
-#include <grpc++/auth_context.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/auth_context.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.cc b/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.cc
index 87d7bab75c..b18a8537c9 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.cc
@@ -41,15 +41,16 @@ SecureAuthContext::SecureAuthContext(grpc_auth_context* ctx) : ctx_(ctx) {}
 
 SecureAuthContext::~SecureAuthContext() { grpc_auth_context_release(ctx_); }
 
-std::vector<grpc::string> SecureAuthContext::GetPeerIdentity() const {
+std::vector<grpc::string_ref> SecureAuthContext::GetPeerIdentity() const {
   if (!ctx_) {
-    return std::vector<grpc::string>();
+    return std::vector<grpc::string_ref>();
   }
   grpc_auth_property_iterator iter = grpc_auth_context_peer_identity(ctx_);
-  std::vector<grpc::string> identity;
+  std::vector<grpc::string_ref> identity;
   const grpc_auth_property* property = nullptr;
   while ((property = grpc_auth_property_iterator_next(&iter))) {
-    identity.push_back(grpc::string(property->value, property->value_length));
+    identity.push_back(
+        grpc::string_ref(property->value, property->value_length));
   }
   return identity;
 }
@@ -62,17 +63,17 @@ grpc::string SecureAuthContext::GetPeerIdentityPropertyName() const {
   return name == nullptr ? "" : name;
 }
 
-std::vector<grpc::string> SecureAuthContext::FindPropertyValues(
+std::vector<grpc::string_ref> SecureAuthContext::FindPropertyValues(
     const grpc::string& name) const {
   if (!ctx_) {
-    return std::vector<grpc::string>();
+    return std::vector<grpc::string_ref>();
   }
   grpc_auth_property_iterator iter =
       grpc_auth_context_find_properties_by_name(ctx_, name.c_str());
   const grpc_auth_property* property = nullptr;
-  std::vector<grpc::string> values;
+  std::vector<grpc::string_ref> values;
   while ((property = grpc_auth_property_iterator_next(&iter))) {
-    values.push_back(grpc::string(property->value, property->value_length));
+    values.push_back(grpc::string_ref(property->value, property->value_length));
   }
   return values;
 }
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.h b/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.h
index 264ed620a3..7f622b890b 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.h
+++ b/src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.h
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_COMMON_SECURE_AUTH_CONTEXT_H
 #define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_COMMON_SECURE_AUTH_CONTEXT_H
 
-#include <grpc++/auth_context.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/auth_context.h>
 
 struct grpc_auth_context;
 
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@ class SecureAuthContext GRPC_FINAL : public AuthContext {
 
   ~SecureAuthContext() GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
-  std::vector<grpc::string> GetPeerIdentity() const GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+  std::vector<grpc::string_ref> GetPeerIdentity() const GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
   grpc::string GetPeerIdentityPropertyName() const GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
-  std::vector<grpc::string> FindPropertyValues(const grpc::string& name) const
-      GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+  std::vector<grpc::string_ref> FindPropertyValues(
+      const grpc::string& name) const GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
   AuthPropertyIterator begin() const GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/secure_create_auth_context.cc b/src/cpp/common/secure_create_auth_context.cc
index d81f4bbc4a..f13d25a1dd 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/secure_create_auth_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/secure_create_auth_context.cc
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
-#include <grpc++/auth_context.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/auth_context.h>
 #include "src/cpp/common/secure_auth_context.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
diff --git a/src/cpp/proto/proto_utils.cc b/src/cpp/proto/proto_utils.cc
index 05470ec627..be84c222a0 100644
--- a/src/cpp/proto/proto_utils.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/proto/proto_utils.cc
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
  */
 
 #include <grpc++/impl/proto_utils.h>
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/byte_buffer.h>
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/slice.h>
 #include <grpc/support/slice_buffer.h>
 #include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
 
 const int kMaxBufferLength = 8192;
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/async_generic_service.cc b/src/cpp/server/async_generic_service.cc
index 2e99afcb5f..6b9ea532b6 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/async_generic_service.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/async_generic_service.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/async_generic_service.h>
+#include <grpc++/generic/async_generic_service.h>
 
 #include <grpc++/server.h>
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/create_default_thread_pool.cc b/src/cpp/server/create_default_thread_pool.cc
index 9f59d254f1..f3b07ec8ce 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/create_default_thread_pool.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/create_default_thread_pool.cc
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
  */
 
 #include <grpc/support/cpu.h>
-#include <grpc++/dynamic_thread_pool.h>
+
+#include "src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.h"
 
 #ifndef GRPC_CUSTOM_DEFAULT_THREAD_POOL
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.cc b/src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.cc
index b475f43b1d..4b226c2992 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.cc
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
 
 #include <grpc++/impl/sync.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/thd.h>
-#include <grpc++/dynamic_thread_pool.h>
+
+#include "src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 DynamicThreadPool::DynamicThread::DynamicThread(DynamicThreadPool* pool)
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/channel.h b/src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.h
index 7e406ad788..5ba7533c05 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/channel.h
+++ b/src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.h
@@ -31,50 +31,53 @@
  *
  */
 
-#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_CLIENT_CHANNEL_H
-#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_CLIENT_CHANNEL_H
+#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_DYNAMIC_THREAD_POOL_H
+#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_DYNAMIC_THREAD_POOL_H
 
+#include <list>
 #include <memory>
+#include <queue>
 
-#include <grpc++/channel_interface.h>
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
-#include <grpc++/impl/grpc_library.h>
+#include <grpc++/impl/sync.h>
+#include <grpc++/impl/thd.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
 
-struct grpc_channel;
+#include "src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
-class Call;
-class CallOpSetInterface;
-class ChannelArguments;
-class CompletionQueue;
-class Credentials;
-class StreamContextInterface;
 
-class Channel GRPC_FINAL : public GrpcLibrary, public ChannelInterface {
+class DynamicThreadPool GRPC_FINAL : public ThreadPoolInterface {
  public:
-  explicit Channel(grpc_channel* c_channel);
-  Channel(const grpc::string& host, grpc_channel* c_channel);
-  ~Channel() GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+  explicit DynamicThreadPool(int reserve_threads);
+  ~DynamicThreadPool();
 
-  void* RegisterMethod(const char* method) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
-  Call CreateCall(const RpcMethod& method, ClientContext* context,
-                  CompletionQueue* cq) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
-  void PerformOpsOnCall(CallOpSetInterface* ops, Call* call) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
-
-  grpc_connectivity_state GetState(bool try_to_connect) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+  void Add(const std::function<void()>& callback) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
 
  private:
-  void NotifyOnStateChangeImpl(grpc_connectivity_state last_observed,
-                               gpr_timespec deadline, CompletionQueue* cq,
-                               void* tag) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+  class DynamicThread {
+   public:
+    DynamicThread(DynamicThreadPool* pool);
+    ~DynamicThread();
 
-  bool WaitForStateChangeImpl(grpc_connectivity_state last_observed,
-                              gpr_timespec deadline) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+   private:
+    DynamicThreadPool* pool_;
+    std::unique_ptr<grpc::thread> thd_;
+    void ThreadFunc();
+  };
+  grpc::mutex mu_;
+  grpc::condition_variable cv_;
+  grpc::condition_variable shutdown_cv_;
+  bool shutdown_;
+  std::queue<std::function<void()>> callbacks_;
+  int reserve_threads_;
+  int nthreads_;
+  int threads_waiting_;
+  std::list<DynamicThread*> dead_threads_;
 
-  const grpc::string host_;
-  grpc_channel* const c_channel_;  // owned
+  void ThreadFunc();
+  static void ReapThreads(std::list<DynamicThread*>* tlist);
 };
 
 }  // namespace grpc
 
-#endif  // GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_CLIENT_CHANNEL_H
+#endif  // GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_DYNAMIC_THREAD_POOL_H
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.cc b/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.cc
index bafbc5802a..2bdc44be2e 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.cc
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 #include <grpc++/impl/sync.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/thd.h>
-#include <grpc++/fixed_size_thread_pool.h>
+#include "src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.h b/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..394ae5821e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_FIXED_SIZE_THREAD_POOL_H
+#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_FIXED_SIZE_THREAD_POOL_H
+
+#include <queue>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <grpc++/impl/sync.h>
+#include <grpc++/impl/thd.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
+
+#include "src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h"
+
+namespace grpc {
+
+class FixedSizeThreadPool GRPC_FINAL : public ThreadPoolInterface {
+ public:
+  explicit FixedSizeThreadPool(int num_threads);
+  ~FixedSizeThreadPool();
+
+  void Add(const std::function<void()>& callback) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+
+ private:
+  grpc::mutex mu_;
+  grpc::condition_variable cv_;
+  bool shutdown_;
+  std::queue<std::function<void()>> callbacks_;
+  std::vector<grpc::thread*> threads_;
+
+  void ThreadFunc();
+};
+
+}  // namespace grpc
+
+#endif  // GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_FIXED_SIZE_THREAD_POOL_H
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.cc
index f203cf7f49..5bce9ca8b2 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials> SslServerCredentials(
   grpc_server_credentials* c_creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(
       options.pem_root_certs.empty() ? nullptr : options.pem_root_certs.c_str(),
       &pem_key_cert_pairs[0], pem_key_cert_pairs.size(),
-      options.force_client_auth);
+      options.force_client_auth, nullptr);
   return std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials>(
       new SecureServerCredentials(c_creds));
 }
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.h b/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.h
index b9803f107e..d3d37b188d 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.h
+++ b/src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.h
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@
 #ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_SERVER_SECURE_SERVER_CREDENTIALS_H
 #define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_SERVER_SECURE_SERVER_CREDENTIALS_H
 
-#include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
-
 #include <grpc++/server_credentials.h>
 
+#include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
+
 namespace grpc {
 
 class SecureServerCredentials GRPC_FINAL : public ServerCredentials {
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server.cc b/src/cpp/server/server.cc
index e039c07374..bb83c7d887 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server.cc
@@ -32,24 +32,71 @@
  */
 
 #include <grpc++/server.h>
+
 #include <utility>
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc++/completion_queue.h>
-#include <grpc++/async_generic_service.h>
+#include <grpc++/generic/async_generic_service.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/rpc_service_method.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/service_type.h>
 #include <grpc++/server_context.h>
 #include <grpc++/server_credentials.h>
-#include <grpc++/thread_pool_interface.h>
-#include <grpc++/time.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/time.h>
 
 #include "src/core/profiling/timers.h"
+#include "src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
+class Server::UnimplementedAsyncRequestContext {
+ protected:
+  UnimplementedAsyncRequestContext() : generic_stream_(&server_context_) {}
+
+  GenericServerContext server_context_;
+  GenericServerAsyncReaderWriter generic_stream_;
+};
+
+class Server::UnimplementedAsyncRequest GRPC_FINAL
+    : public UnimplementedAsyncRequestContext,
+      public GenericAsyncRequest {
+ public:
+  UnimplementedAsyncRequest(Server* server, ServerCompletionQueue* cq)
+      : GenericAsyncRequest(server, &server_context_, &generic_stream_, cq, cq,
+                            NULL, false),
+        server_(server),
+        cq_(cq) {}
+
+  bool FinalizeResult(void** tag, bool* status) GRPC_OVERRIDE;
+
+  ServerContext* context() { return &server_context_; }
+  GenericServerAsyncReaderWriter* stream() { return &generic_stream_; }
+
+ private:
+  Server* const server_;
+  ServerCompletionQueue* const cq_;
+};
+
+typedef SneakyCallOpSet<CallOpSendInitialMetadata, CallOpServerSendStatus>
+    UnimplementedAsyncResponseOp;
+class Server::UnimplementedAsyncResponse GRPC_FINAL
+    : public UnimplementedAsyncResponseOp {
+ public:
+  UnimplementedAsyncResponse(UnimplementedAsyncRequest* request);
+  ~UnimplementedAsyncResponse() { delete request_; }
+
+  bool FinalizeResult(void** tag, bool* status) GRPC_OVERRIDE {
+    bool r = UnimplementedAsyncResponseOp::FinalizeResult(tag, status);
+    delete this;
+    return r;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  UnimplementedAsyncRequest* const request_;
+};
+
 class Server::ShutdownRequest GRPC_FINAL : public CompletionQueueTag {
  public:
   bool FinalizeResult(void** tag, bool* status) {
@@ -297,18 +344,23 @@ int Server::AddListeningPort(const grpc::string& addr,
   return creds->AddPortToServer(addr, server_);
 }
 
-bool Server::Start() {
+bool Server::Start(ServerCompletionQueue** cqs, size_t num_cqs) {
   GPR_ASSERT(!started_);
   started_ = true;
   grpc_server_start(server_);
 
   if (!has_generic_service_) {
-    unknown_method_.reset(new RpcServiceMethod(
-        "unknown", RpcMethod::BIDI_STREAMING, new UnknownMethodHandler));
-    // Use of emplace_back with just constructor arguments is not accepted here
-    // by gcc-4.4 because it can't match the anonymous nullptr with a proper
-    // constructor implicitly. Construct the object and use push_back.
-    sync_methods_->push_back(SyncRequest(unknown_method_.get(), nullptr));
+    if (!sync_methods_->empty()) {
+      unknown_method_.reset(new RpcServiceMethod(
+          "unknown", RpcMethod::BIDI_STREAMING, new UnknownMethodHandler));
+      // Use of emplace_back with just constructor arguments is not accepted
+      // here by gcc-4.4 because it can't match the anonymous nullptr with a 
+      // proper constructor implicitly. Construct the object and use push_back.
+      sync_methods_->push_back(SyncRequest(unknown_method_.get(), nullptr));
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cqs; i++) {
+      new UnimplementedAsyncRequest(this, cqs[i]);
+    }
   }
   // Start processing rpcs.
   if (!sync_methods_->empty()) {
@@ -370,12 +422,14 @@ void Server::PerformOpsOnCall(CallOpSetInterface* ops, Call* call) {
 
 Server::BaseAsyncRequest::BaseAsyncRequest(
     Server* server, ServerContext* context,
-    ServerAsyncStreamingInterface* stream, CompletionQueue* call_cq, void* tag)
+    ServerAsyncStreamingInterface* stream, CompletionQueue* call_cq, void* tag,
+    bool delete_on_finalize)
     : server_(server),
       context_(context),
       stream_(stream),
       call_cq_(call_cq),
       tag_(tag),
+      delete_on_finalize_(delete_on_finalize),
       call_(nullptr) {
   memset(&initial_metadata_array_, 0, sizeof(initial_metadata_array_));
 }
@@ -385,11 +439,12 @@ Server::BaseAsyncRequest::~BaseAsyncRequest() {}
 bool Server::BaseAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(void** tag, bool* status) {
   if (*status) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < initial_metadata_array_.count; i++) {
-      context_->client_metadata_.insert(std::make_pair(
-          grpc::string(initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].key),
-          grpc::string(initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].value,
-                       initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].value +
-                           initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].value_length)));
+      context_->client_metadata_.insert(
+          std::pair<grpc::string_ref, grpc::string_ref>(
+              initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].key,
+              grpc::string_ref(
+                  initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].value,
+                  initial_metadata_array_.metadata[i].value_length)));
     }
   }
   grpc_metadata_array_destroy(&initial_metadata_array_);
@@ -402,14 +457,16 @@ bool Server::BaseAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(void** tag, bool* status) {
   // just the pointers inside call are copied here
   stream_->BindCall(&call);
   *tag = tag_;
-  delete this;
+  if (delete_on_finalize_) {
+    delete this;
+  }
   return true;
 }
 
 Server::RegisteredAsyncRequest::RegisteredAsyncRequest(
     Server* server, ServerContext* context,
     ServerAsyncStreamingInterface* stream, CompletionQueue* call_cq, void* tag)
-    : BaseAsyncRequest(server, context, stream, call_cq, tag) {}
+    : BaseAsyncRequest(server, context, stream, call_cq, tag, true) {}
 
 void Server::RegisteredAsyncRequest::IssueRequest(
     void* registered_method, grpc_byte_buffer** payload,
@@ -423,8 +480,9 @@ void Server::RegisteredAsyncRequest::IssueRequest(
 Server::GenericAsyncRequest::GenericAsyncRequest(
     Server* server, GenericServerContext* context,
     ServerAsyncStreamingInterface* stream, CompletionQueue* call_cq,
-    ServerCompletionQueue* notification_cq, void* tag)
-    : BaseAsyncRequest(server, context, stream, call_cq, tag) {
+    ServerCompletionQueue* notification_cq, void* tag, bool delete_on_finalize)
+    : BaseAsyncRequest(server, context, stream, call_cq, tag,
+                       delete_on_finalize) {
   grpc_call_details_init(&call_details_);
   GPR_ASSERT(notification_cq);
   GPR_ASSERT(call_cq);
@@ -445,6 +503,25 @@ bool Server::GenericAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(void** tag, bool* status) {
   return BaseAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(tag, status);
 }
 
+bool Server::UnimplementedAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(void** tag,
+                                                       bool* status) {
+  if (GenericAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(tag, status) && *status) {
+    new UnimplementedAsyncRequest(server_, cq_);
+    new UnimplementedAsyncResponse(this);
+  } else {
+    delete this;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+Server::UnimplementedAsyncResponse::UnimplementedAsyncResponse(
+    UnimplementedAsyncRequest* request)
+    : request_(request) {
+  Status status(StatusCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, "");
+  UnknownMethodHandler::FillOps(request_->context(), this);
+  request_->stream()->call_.PerformOps(this);
+}
+
 void Server::ScheduleCallback() {
   {
     grpc::unique_lock<grpc::mutex> lock(mu_);
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc b/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc
index 0b11d86173..b739cbfe62 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/service_type.h>
 #include <grpc++/server.h>
-#include <grpc++/thread_pool_interface.h>
-#include <grpc++/fixed_size_thread_pool.h>
+#include "src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h"
+#include "src/cpp/server/fixed_size_thread_pool.h"
 
 namespace grpc {
 
@@ -89,10 +89,6 @@ void ServerBuilder::AddListeningPort(const grpc::string& addr,
   ports_.push_back(port);
 }
 
-void ServerBuilder::SetThreadPool(ThreadPoolInterface* thread_pool) {
-  thread_pool_ = thread_pool;
-}
-
 std::unique_ptr<Server> ServerBuilder::BuildAndStart() {
   bool thread_pool_owned = false;
   if (!async_services_.empty() && !services_.empty()) {
@@ -103,12 +99,6 @@ std::unique_ptr<Server> ServerBuilder::BuildAndStart() {
     thread_pool_ = CreateDefaultThreadPool();
     thread_pool_owned = true;
   }
-  // Async services only, create a thread pool to handle requests to unknown
-  // services.
-  if (!thread_pool_ && !generic_service_ && !async_services_.empty()) {
-    thread_pool_ = new FixedSizeThreadPool(1);
-    thread_pool_owned = true;
-  }
   std::unique_ptr<Server> server(
       new Server(thread_pool_, thread_pool_owned, max_message_size_));
   for (auto cq = cqs_.begin(); cq != cqs_.end(); ++cq) {
@@ -138,7 +128,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<Server> ServerBuilder::BuildAndStart() {
       *port->selected_port = r;
     }
   }
-  if (!server->Start()) {
+  if (!server->Start(&cqs_[0], cqs_.size())) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   return server;
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc b/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
index 03461ddda5..8193e70660 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/call.h>
 #include <grpc++/impl/sync.h>
-#include <grpc++/time.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/time.h>
 
 #include "src/core/channel/compress_filter.h"
 #include "src/cpp/common/create_auth_context.h"
@@ -136,10 +136,9 @@ ServerContext::ServerContext(gpr_timespec deadline, grpc_metadata* metadata,
       cq_(nullptr),
       sent_initial_metadata_(false) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < metadata_count; i++) {
-    client_metadata_.insert(std::make_pair(
-        grpc::string(metadata[i].key),
-        grpc::string(metadata[i].value,
-                     metadata[i].value + metadata[i].value_length)));
+    client_metadata_.insert(std::pair<grpc::string_ref, grpc::string_ref>(
+        metadata[i].key,
+        grpc::string_ref(metadata[i].value, metadata[i].value_length)));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h b/src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ebe30fe2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/cpp/server/thread_pool_interface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_THREAD_POOL_INTERFACE_H
+#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_THREAD_POOL_INTERFACE_H
+
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace grpc {
+
+// A thread pool interface for running callbacks.
+class ThreadPoolInterface {
+ public:
+  virtual ~ThreadPoolInterface() {}
+
+  // Schedule the given callback for execution.
+  virtual void Add(const std::function<void()>& callback) = 0;
+};
+
+ThreadPoolInterface* CreateDefaultThreadPool();
+
+}  // namespace grpc
+
+#endif  // GRPC_INTERNAL_CPP_THREAD_POOL_INTERFACE_H
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer.cc b/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer.cc
index a66c92c3e1..e46e656beb 100644
--- a/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/util/byte_buffer.cc
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <grpc/byte_buffer_reader.h>
-#include <grpc++/byte_buffer.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/byte_buffer.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/slice.cc b/src/cpp/util/slice.cc
index 57370dabc6..7e88423b6c 100644
--- a/src/cpp/util/slice.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/util/slice.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/slice.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/slice.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/status.cc b/src/cpp/util/status.cc
index 5bb9eda3d9..ad9850cf07 100644
--- a/src/cpp/util/status.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/util/status.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/status.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/status.h>
 
 namespace grpc {
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/string_ref.cc b/src/cpp/util/string_ref.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9adc092013
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/cpp/util/string_ref.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <grpc++/support/string_ref.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace grpc {
+
+const size_t string_ref::npos;
+
+string_ref& string_ref::operator=(const string_ref& rhs) {
+  data_ = rhs.data_;
+  length_ = rhs.length_;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+string_ref::string_ref(const char* s) : data_(s), length_(strlen(s)) {}
+
+string_ref string_ref::substr(size_t pos, size_t n) const {
+  if (pos > length_) pos = length_;
+  if (n > (length_ - pos)) n = length_ - pos;
+  return string_ref(data_ + pos, n);
+}
+
+int string_ref::compare(string_ref x) const {
+  size_t min_size = length_ < x.length_ ? length_ : x.length_;
+  int r = memcmp(data_, x.data_, min_size);
+  if (r < 0) return -1;
+  if (r > 0) return 1;
+  if (length_ < x.length_) return -1;
+  if (length_ > x.length_) return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+bool string_ref::starts_with(string_ref x) const {
+  return length_ >= x.length_ && (memcmp(data_, x.data_, x.length_) == 0);
+}
+
+bool string_ref::ends_with(string_ref x) const {
+  return length_ >= x.length_ &&
+         (memcmp(data_ + (length_ - x.length_), x.data_, x.length_) == 0);
+}
+
+size_t string_ref::find(string_ref s) const {
+  auto it = std::search(cbegin(), cend(), s.cbegin(), s.cend());
+  return it == cend() ? npos : std::distance(cbegin(), it);
+}
+
+size_t string_ref::find(char c) const {
+  auto it = std::find(cbegin(), cend(), c);
+  return it == cend() ? npos : std::distance(cbegin(), it);
+}
+
+bool operator==(string_ref x, string_ref y) {
+  return x.compare(y) == 0;
+}
+
+bool operator!=(string_ref x, string_ref y) {
+  return x.compare(y) != 0;
+}
+
+bool operator<(string_ref x, string_ref y) {
+  return x.compare(y) < 0;
+}
+
+bool operator<=(string_ref x, string_ref y) {
+  return x.compare(y) <= 0;
+}
+
+bool operator>(string_ref x, string_ref y) {
+  return x.compare(y) > 0;
+}
+
+bool operator>=(string_ref x, string_ref y) {
+  return x.compare(y) >= 0;
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const string_ref& string) {
+  return out << grpc::string(string.begin(), string.end());
+}
+
+}  // namespace grpc
diff --git a/src/cpp/util/time.cc b/src/cpp/util/time.cc
index 799c597e0b..b3401eb26b 100644
--- a/src/cpp/util/time.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/util/time.cc
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <grpc++/config.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/config.h>
 
 #ifndef GRPC_CXX0X_NO_CHRONO
 
 #include <grpc/support/time.h>
-#include <grpc++/time.h>
+#include <grpc++/support/time.h>
 
 using std::chrono::duration_cast;
 using std::chrono::nanoseconds;
diff --git a/src/csharp/.gitignore b/src/csharp/.gitignore
index ae48956567..deac55029e 100644
--- a/src/csharp/.gitignore
+++ b/src/csharp/.gitignore
@@ -4,5 +4,9 @@ StyleCop.Cache
 test-results
 packages
 Grpc.v12.suo
+Grpc.sdf
+
 TestResult.xml
+/TestResults
+.vs/
 *.nupkg
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/AuthInterceptors.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/AuthInterceptors.cs
index 61338f7f0e..c8ab4d9af6 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/AuthInterceptors.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Auth/AuthInterceptors.cs
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 namespace Grpc.Auth
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// Factory methods to create authorization interceptors.
+    /// Factory methods to create authorization interceptors. Interceptors created can be registered with gRPC client classes (autogenerated client stubs that
+    /// inherit from <see cref="Grpc.Core.ClientBase"/>).
     /// </summary>
     public static class AuthInterceptors
     {
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Auth
         /// Creates interceptor that will obtain access token from any credential type that implements
         /// <c>ITokenAccess</c>. (e.g. <c>GoogleCredential</c>).
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="credential">The credential to use to obtain access tokens.</param>
+        /// <returns>The header interceptor.</returns>
         public static HeaderInterceptor FromCredential(ITokenAccess credential)
         {
             return new HeaderInterceptor((method, authUri, metadata) =>
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Auth
         /// Creates OAuth2 interceptor that will use given access token as authorization.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="accessToken">OAuth2 access token.</param>
+        /// <returns>The header interceptor.</returns>
         public static HeaderInterceptor FromAccessToken(string accessToken)
         {
             Preconditions.CheckNotNull(accessToken);
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj
index ad4e94a695..f730936062 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Grpc.Core.Tests.csproj
@@ -64,7 +64,9 @@
       <Link>Version.cs</Link>
     </Compile>
     <Compile Include="ClientBaseTest.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="MarshallingErrorsTest.cs" />
     <Compile Include="ShutdownTest.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Internal\AsyncCallTest.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
     <Compile Include="ClientServerTest.cs" />
     <Compile Include="ServerTest.cs" />
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/GrpcEnvironmentTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/GrpcEnvironmentTest.cs
index 4fdfab5a99..78295cf6d4 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/GrpcEnvironmentTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/GrpcEnvironmentTest.cs
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
         {
             var env1 = GrpcEnvironment.AddRef();
             var env2 = GrpcEnvironment.AddRef();
-            Assert.IsTrue(object.ReferenceEquals(env1, env2));
+            Assert.AreSame(env1, env2);
             GrpcEnvironment.Release();
             GrpcEnvironment.Release();
         }
@@ -61,18 +61,21 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
         [Test]
         public void InitializeAfterShutdown()
         {
+            Assert.AreEqual(0, GrpcEnvironment.GetRefCount());
+
             var env1 = GrpcEnvironment.AddRef();
             GrpcEnvironment.Release();
 
             var env2 = GrpcEnvironment.AddRef();
             GrpcEnvironment.Release();
 
-            Assert.IsFalse(object.ReferenceEquals(env1, env2));
+            Assert.AreNotSame(env1, env2);
         }
 
         [Test]
         public void ReleaseWithoutAddRef()
         {
+            Assert.AreEqual(0, GrpcEnvironment.GetRefCount());
             Assert.Throws(typeof(InvalidOperationException), () => GrpcEnvironment.Release());
         }
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Internal/AsyncCallTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Internal/AsyncCallTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..685c5f7d6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/Internal/AsyncCallTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#region Copyright notice and license
+
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#endregion
+
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+using Grpc.Core.Internal;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace Grpc.Core.Internal.Tests
+{
+    public class AsyncCallTest
+    {
+        Channel channel;
+        FakeNativeCall fakeCall;
+        AsyncCall<string, string> asyncCall;
+
+        [SetUp]
+        public void Init()
+        {
+            channel = new Channel("localhost", Credentials.Insecure);
+
+            fakeCall = new FakeNativeCall();
+
+            var callDetails = new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, "someMethod", null, Marshallers.StringMarshaller, Marshallers.StringMarshaller, new CallOptions());
+            asyncCall = new AsyncCall<string, string>(callDetails, fakeCall);
+        }
+
+        [TearDown]
+        public void Cleanup()
+        {
+            channel.ShutdownAsync().Wait();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void AsyncUnary_CompletionSuccess()
+        {
+            var resultTask = asyncCall.UnaryCallAsync("abc");
+            fakeCall.UnaryResponseClientHandler(true, new ClientSideStatus(Status.DefaultSuccess, new Metadata()), new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 }, new Metadata());
+            Assert.IsTrue(resultTask.IsCompleted);
+            Assert.IsTrue(fakeCall.IsDisposed);
+            Assert.AreEqual(Status.DefaultSuccess, asyncCall.GetStatus());
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void AsyncUnary_CompletionFailure()
+        {
+            var resultTask = asyncCall.UnaryCallAsync("abc");
+            fakeCall.UnaryResponseClientHandler(false, new ClientSideStatus(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, ""), null), new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 }, new Metadata());
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(resultTask.IsCompleted);
+            Assert.IsTrue(fakeCall.IsDisposed);
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(StatusCode.Internal, asyncCall.GetStatus().StatusCode);
+            Assert.IsNull(asyncCall.GetTrailers());
+            var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(() => resultTask.GetAwaiter().GetResult());
+            Assert.AreEqual(StatusCode.Internal, ex.Status.StatusCode);
+        }
+
+        internal class FakeNativeCall : INativeCall
+        {
+            public UnaryResponseClientHandler UnaryResponseClientHandler
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public ReceivedMessageHandler ReceivedMessageHandler
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public SendCompletionHandler SendCompletionHandler
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public bool IsCancelled
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public bool IsDisposed
+            {
+                get;
+                set;
+            }
+
+            public void Cancel()
+            {
+                IsCancelled = true;
+            }
+
+            public void CancelWithStatus(Status status)
+            {
+                IsCancelled = true;
+            }
+
+            public string GetPeer()
+            {
+                return "PEER";
+            }
+
+            public void StartUnary(UnaryResponseClientHandler callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
+            {
+                UnaryResponseClientHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartUnary(BatchContextSafeHandle ctx, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
+            {
+                throw new NotImplementedException();
+            }
+
+            public void StartClientStreaming(UnaryResponseClientHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
+            {
+                UnaryResponseClientHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartServerStreaming(ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
+            {
+                ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartDuplexStreaming(ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
+            {
+                ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartReceiveMessage(ReceivedMessageHandler callback)
+            {
+                ReceivedMessageHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartReceiveInitialMetadata(ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler callback)
+            {
+                ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartSendInitialMetadata(SendCompletionHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
+            {
+                SendCompletionHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartSendMessage(SendCompletionHandler callback, byte[] payload, WriteFlags writeFlags, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata)
+            {
+                SendCompletionHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartSendCloseFromClient(SendCompletionHandler callback)
+            {
+                SendCompletionHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartSendStatusFromServer(SendCompletionHandler callback, Status status, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata)
+            {
+                SendCompletionHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void StartServerSide(ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler callback)
+            {
+                ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler = callback;
+            }
+
+            public void Dispose()
+            {
+                IsDisposed = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MarshallingErrorsTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MarshallingErrorsTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83707e0c6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MarshallingErrorsTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#region Copyright notice and license
+
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#endregion
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+using Grpc.Core;
+using Grpc.Core.Internal;
+using Grpc.Core.Utils;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
+{
+    public class MarshallingErrorsTest
+    {
+        const string Host = "127.0.0.1";
+
+        MockServiceHelper helper;
+        Server server;
+        Channel channel;
+
+        [SetUp]
+        public void Init()
+        {
+            var marshaller = new Marshaller<string>(
+                (str) =>
+                {
+                    if (str == "UNSERIALIZABLE_VALUE")
+                    {
+                        // Google.Protobuf throws exception inherited from IOException
+                        throw new IOException("Error serializing the message.");
+                    }
+                    return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); 
+                },
+                (payload) =>
+                {
+                    var s = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(payload);
+                    if (s == "UNPARSEABLE_VALUE")
+                    {
+                        // Google.Protobuf throws exception inherited from IOException
+                        throw new IOException("Error parsing the message.");
+                    }
+                    return s;
+                });
+            helper = new MockServiceHelper(Host, marshaller);
+            server = helper.GetServer();
+            server.Start();
+            channel = helper.GetChannel();
+        }
+
+        [TearDown]
+        public void Cleanup()
+        {
+            channel.ShutdownAsync().Wait();
+            server.ShutdownAsync().Wait();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void ResponseParsingError_UnaryResponse()
+        {
+            helper.UnaryHandler = new UnaryServerMethod<string, string>((request, context) =>
+            {
+                return Task.FromResult("UNPARSEABLE_VALUE");
+            });
+
+            var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(() => Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(helper.CreateUnaryCall(), "REQUEST"));
+            Assert.AreEqual(StatusCode.Internal, ex.Status.StatusCode);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void ResponseParsingError_StreamingResponse()
+        {
+            helper.ServerStreamingHandler = new ServerStreamingServerMethod<string, string>(async (request, responseStream, context) =>
+            {
+                await responseStream.WriteAsync("UNPARSEABLE_VALUE");
+                await Task.Delay(10000);
+            });
+
+            var call = Calls.AsyncServerStreamingCall(helper.CreateServerStreamingCall(), "REQUEST");
+            var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(async () => await call.ResponseStream.MoveNext());
+            Assert.AreEqual(StatusCode.Internal, ex.Status.StatusCode);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void RequestParsingError_UnaryRequest()
+        {
+            helper.UnaryHandler = new  UnaryServerMethod<string, string>((request, context) =>
+            {
+                return Task.FromResult("RESPONSE");
+            });
+
+            var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(() => Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(helper.CreateUnaryCall(), "UNPARSEABLE_VALUE"));
+            // Spec doesn't define the behavior. With the current implementation server handler throws exception which results in StatusCode.Unknown.
+            Assert.AreEqual(StatusCode.Unknown, ex.Status.StatusCode);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public async Task RequestParsingError_StreamingRequest()
+        {
+            helper.ClientStreamingHandler = new ClientStreamingServerMethod<string, string>(async (requestStream, context) =>
+            {
+                Assert.Throws<IOException>(async () => await requestStream.MoveNext());
+                return "RESPONSE";
+            });
+
+            var call = Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(helper.CreateClientStreamingCall());
+            await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync("UNPARSEABLE_VALUE");
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("RESPONSE", await call);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void RequestSerializationError_BlockingUnary()
+        {
+            Assert.Throws<IOException>(() => Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(helper.CreateUnaryCall(), "UNSERIALIZABLE_VALUE"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void RequestSerializationError_AsyncUnary()
+        {
+            Assert.Throws<IOException>(async () => await Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(helper.CreateUnaryCall(), "UNSERIALIZABLE_VALUE"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public async Task RequestSerializationError_ClientStreaming()
+        {
+            helper.ClientStreamingHandler = new ClientStreamingServerMethod<string, string>(async (requestStream, context) =>
+            {
+                CollectionAssert.AreEqual(new [] {"A", "B"}, await requestStream.ToListAsync());
+                return "RESPONSE";
+            });
+            var call = Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(helper.CreateClientStreamingCall());
+            await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync("A");
+            Assert.Throws<IOException>(async () => await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync("UNSERIALIZABLE_VALUE"));
+            await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync("B");
+            await call.RequestStream.CompleteAsync();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("RESPONSE", await call);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MetadataTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MetadataTest.cs
index c00f945d6a..ddeb7d0926 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MetadataTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MetadataTest.cs
@@ -75,6 +75,17 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
         }
 
         [Test]
+        public void AsciiEntry_KeyValidity()
+        {
+            new Metadata.Entry("ABC", "XYZ");
+            new Metadata.Entry("0123456789abc", "XYZ");
+            new Metadata.Entry("-abc", "XYZ");
+            new Metadata.Entry("a_bc_", "XYZ");
+            Assert.Throws(typeof(ArgumentException), () => new Metadata.Entry("abc[", "xyz"));
+            Assert.Throws(typeof(ArgumentException), () => new Metadata.Entry("abc/", "xyz"));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
         public void Entry_ConstructionPreconditions()
         {
             Assert.Throws(typeof(ArgumentNullException), () => new Metadata.Entry(null, "xyz"));
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MockServiceHelper.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MockServiceHelper.cs
index bb69648d8b..765732c768 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MockServiceHelper.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/MockServiceHelper.cs
@@ -50,37 +50,14 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
     {
         public const string ServiceName = "tests.Test";
 
-        public static readonly Method<string, string> UnaryMethod = new Method<string, string>(
-            MethodType.Unary,
-            ServiceName,
-            "Unary",
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller,
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller);
-
-        public static readonly Method<string, string> ClientStreamingMethod = new Method<string, string>(
-            MethodType.ClientStreaming,
-            ServiceName,
-            "ClientStreaming",
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller,
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller);
-
-        public static readonly Method<string, string> ServerStreamingMethod = new Method<string, string>(
-            MethodType.ServerStreaming,
-            ServiceName,
-            "ServerStreaming",
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller,
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller);
-
-        public static readonly Method<string, string> DuplexStreamingMethod = new Method<string, string>(
-            MethodType.DuplexStreaming,
-            ServiceName,
-            "DuplexStreaming",
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller,
-            Marshallers.StringMarshaller);
-
         readonly string host;
         readonly ServerServiceDefinition serviceDefinition;
 
+        readonly Method<string, string> unaryMethod;
+        readonly Method<string, string> clientStreamingMethod;
+        readonly Method<string, string> serverStreamingMethod;
+        readonly Method<string, string> duplexStreamingMethod;
+
         UnaryServerMethod<string, string> unaryHandler;
         ClientStreamingServerMethod<string, string> clientStreamingHandler;
         ServerStreamingServerMethod<string, string> serverStreamingHandler;
@@ -89,15 +66,44 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
         Server server;
         Channel channel;
 
-        public MockServiceHelper(string host = null)
+        public MockServiceHelper(string host = null, Marshaller<string> marshaller = null)
         {
             this.host = host ?? "localhost";
+            marshaller = marshaller ?? Marshallers.StringMarshaller;
+
+            unaryMethod = new Method<string, string>(
+                MethodType.Unary,
+                ServiceName,
+                "Unary",
+                marshaller,
+                marshaller);
+
+            clientStreamingMethod = new Method<string, string>(
+                MethodType.ClientStreaming,
+                ServiceName,
+                "ClientStreaming",
+                marshaller,
+                marshaller);
+
+            serverStreamingMethod = new Method<string, string>(
+                MethodType.ServerStreaming,
+                ServiceName,
+                "ServerStreaming",
+                marshaller,
+                marshaller);
+
+            duplexStreamingMethod = new Method<string, string>(
+                MethodType.DuplexStreaming,
+                ServiceName,
+                "DuplexStreaming",
+                marshaller,
+                marshaller);
 
             serviceDefinition = ServerServiceDefinition.CreateBuilder(ServiceName)
-                .AddMethod(UnaryMethod, (request, context) => unaryHandler(request, context))
-                .AddMethod(ClientStreamingMethod, (requestStream, context) => clientStreamingHandler(requestStream, context))
-                .AddMethod(ServerStreamingMethod, (request, responseStream, context) => serverStreamingHandler(request, responseStream, context))
-                .AddMethod(DuplexStreamingMethod, (requestStream, responseStream, context) => duplexStreamingHandler(requestStream, responseStream, context))
+                .AddMethod(unaryMethod, (request, context) => unaryHandler(request, context))
+                .AddMethod(clientStreamingMethod, (requestStream, context) => clientStreamingHandler(requestStream, context))
+                .AddMethod(serverStreamingMethod, (request, responseStream, context) => serverStreamingHandler(request, responseStream, context))
+                .AddMethod(duplexStreamingMethod, (requestStream, responseStream, context) => duplexStreamingHandler(requestStream, responseStream, context))
                 .Build();
 
             var defaultStatus = new Status(StatusCode.Unknown, "Default mock implementation. Please provide your own.");
@@ -155,22 +161,22 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
 
         public CallInvocationDetails<string, string> CreateUnaryCall(CallOptions options = default(CallOptions))
         {
-            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, UnaryMethod, options);
+            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, unaryMethod, options);
         }
 
         public CallInvocationDetails<string, string> CreateClientStreamingCall(CallOptions options = default(CallOptions))
         {
-            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, ClientStreamingMethod, options);
+            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, clientStreamingMethod, options);
         }
 
         public CallInvocationDetails<string, string> CreateServerStreamingCall(CallOptions options = default(CallOptions))
         {
-            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, ServerStreamingMethod, options);
+            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, serverStreamingMethod, options);
         }
 
         public CallInvocationDetails<string, string> CreateDuplexStreamingCall(CallOptions options = default(CallOptions))
         {
-            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, DuplexStreamingMethod, options);
+            return new CallInvocationDetails<string, string>(channel, duplexStreamingMethod, options);
         }
 
         public string Host
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/ResponseHeadersTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/ResponseHeadersTest.cs
index 706006702e..a1648f3671 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/ResponseHeadersTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core.Tests/ResponseHeadersTest.cs
@@ -32,13 +32,16 @@
 #endregion
 
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Internal;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
+
 using NUnit.Framework;
 
 namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
@@ -74,6 +77,80 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Tests
         }
 
         [Test]
+        public async Task ResponseHeadersAsync_UnaryCall()
+        {
+            helper.UnaryHandler = new UnaryServerMethod<string, string>(async (request, context) =>
+            {
+                await context.WriteResponseHeadersAsync(headers);
+                return "PASS";
+            });
+
+            var call = Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(helper.CreateUnaryCall(), "");
+            var responseHeaders = await call.ResponseHeadersAsync;
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(headers.Count, responseHeaders.Count);
+            Assert.AreEqual("ascii-header", responseHeaders[0].Key);
+            Assert.AreEqual("abcdefg", responseHeaders[0].Value);
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("PASS", await call.ResponseAsync);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public async Task ResponseHeadersAsync_ClientStreamingCall()
+        {
+            helper.ClientStreamingHandler = new ClientStreamingServerMethod<string, string>(async (requestStream, context) =>
+            {
+                await context.WriteResponseHeadersAsync(headers);
+                return "PASS";
+            });
+
+            var call = Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(helper.CreateClientStreamingCall());
+            await call.RequestStream.CompleteAsync();
+            var responseHeaders = await call.ResponseHeadersAsync;
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("ascii-header", responseHeaders[0].Key);
+            Assert.AreEqual("PASS", await call.ResponseAsync);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public async Task ResponseHeadersAsync_ServerStreamingCall()
+        {
+            helper.ServerStreamingHandler = new ServerStreamingServerMethod<string, string>(async (request, responseStream, context) =>
+            {
+                await context.WriteResponseHeadersAsync(headers);
+                await responseStream.WriteAsync("PASS");
+            });
+
+            var call = Calls.AsyncServerStreamingCall(helper.CreateServerStreamingCall(), "");
+            var responseHeaders = await call.ResponseHeadersAsync;
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("ascii-header", responseHeaders[0].Key);
+            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(new[] { "PASS" }, await call.ResponseStream.ToListAsync());
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public async Task ResponseHeadersAsync_DuplexStreamingCall()
+        {
+            helper.DuplexStreamingHandler = new DuplexStreamingServerMethod<string, string>(async (requestStream, responseStream, context) =>
+            {
+                await context.WriteResponseHeadersAsync(headers);
+                while (await requestStream.MoveNext())
+                {
+                    await responseStream.WriteAsync(requestStream.Current);
+                }
+            });
+
+            var call = Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(helper.CreateDuplexStreamingCall());
+            var responseHeaders = await call.ResponseHeadersAsync;
+
+            var messages = new[] { "PASS" };
+            await call.RequestStream.WriteAllAsync(messages);
+
+            Assert.AreEqual("ascii-header", responseHeaders[0].Key);
+            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(messages, await call.ResponseStream.ToListAsync());
+        }
+
+        [Test]
         public void WriteResponseHeaders_NullNotAllowed()
         {
             helper.UnaryHandler = new UnaryServerMethod<string, string>(async (request, context) =>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncClientStreamingCall.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncClientStreamingCall.cs
index fb9b562c77..5646fed3d9 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncClientStreamingCall.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncClientStreamingCall.cs
@@ -40,18 +40,22 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Return type for client streaming calls.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this call.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this call.</typeparam>
     public sealed class AsyncClientStreamingCall<TRequest, TResponse> : IDisposable
     {
         readonly IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> requestStream;
         readonly Task<TResponse> responseAsync;
+        readonly Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync;
         readonly Func<Status> getStatusFunc;
         readonly Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc;
         readonly Action disposeAction;
 
-        public AsyncClientStreamingCall(IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> requestStream, Task<TResponse> responseAsync, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
+        internal AsyncClientStreamingCall(IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> requestStream, Task<TResponse> responseAsync, Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
         {
             this.requestStream = requestStream;
             this.responseAsync = responseAsync;
+            this.responseHeadersAsync = responseHeadersAsync;
             this.getStatusFunc = getStatusFunc;
             this.getTrailersFunc = getTrailersFunc;
             this.disposeAction = disposeAction;
@@ -69,6 +73,17 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
+        /// Asynchronous access to response headers.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Task<Metadata> ResponseHeadersAsync
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return this.responseHeadersAsync;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
         /// Async stream to send streaming requests.
         /// </summary>
         public IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> RequestStream
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncDuplexStreamingCall.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncDuplexStreamingCall.cs
index 183c84216a..e75108c7e5 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncDuplexStreamingCall.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncDuplexStreamingCall.cs
@@ -32,24 +32,29 @@
 #endregion
 
 using System;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Grpc.Core
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Return type for bidirectional streaming calls.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this call.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this call.</typeparam>
     public sealed class AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<TRequest, TResponse> : IDisposable
     {
         readonly IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> requestStream;
         readonly IAsyncStreamReader<TResponse> responseStream;
+        readonly Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync;
         readonly Func<Status> getStatusFunc;
         readonly Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc;
         readonly Action disposeAction;
 
-        public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> requestStream, IAsyncStreamReader<TResponse> responseStream, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
+        internal AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(IClientStreamWriter<TRequest> requestStream, IAsyncStreamReader<TResponse> responseStream, Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
         {
             this.requestStream = requestStream;
             this.responseStream = responseStream;
+            this.responseHeadersAsync = responseHeadersAsync;
             this.getStatusFunc = getStatusFunc;
             this.getTrailersFunc = getTrailersFunc;
             this.disposeAction = disposeAction;
@@ -78,6 +83,17 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
+        /// Asynchronous access to response headers.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Task<Metadata> ResponseHeadersAsync
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return this.responseHeadersAsync;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
         /// Gets the call status if the call has already finished.
         /// Throws InvalidOperationException otherwise.
         /// </summary>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncServerStreamingCall.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncServerStreamingCall.cs
index ab2049f269..f953091984 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncServerStreamingCall.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncServerStreamingCall.cs
@@ -32,22 +32,26 @@
 #endregion
 
 using System;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Grpc.Core
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Return type for server streaming calls.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this call.</typeparam>
     public sealed class AsyncServerStreamingCall<TResponse> : IDisposable
     {
         readonly IAsyncStreamReader<TResponse> responseStream;
+        readonly Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync;
         readonly Func<Status> getStatusFunc;
         readonly Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc;
         readonly Action disposeAction;
 
-        public AsyncServerStreamingCall(IAsyncStreamReader<TResponse> responseStream, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
+        internal AsyncServerStreamingCall(IAsyncStreamReader<TResponse> responseStream, Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
         {
             this.responseStream = responseStream;
+            this.responseHeadersAsync = responseHeadersAsync;
             this.getStatusFunc = getStatusFunc;
             this.getTrailersFunc = getTrailersFunc;
             this.disposeAction = disposeAction;
@@ -65,6 +69,17 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
+        /// Asynchronous access to response headers.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Task<Metadata> ResponseHeadersAsync
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return this.responseHeadersAsync;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
         /// Gets the call status if the call has already finished.
         /// Throws InvalidOperationException otherwise.
         /// </summary>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncUnaryCall.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncUnaryCall.cs
index 224e343916..97df8f5e91 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncUnaryCall.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/AsyncUnaryCall.cs
@@ -40,16 +40,19 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Return type for single request - single response call.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this call.</typeparam>
     public sealed class AsyncUnaryCall<TResponse> : IDisposable
     {
         readonly Task<TResponse> responseAsync;
+        readonly Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync;
         readonly Func<Status> getStatusFunc;
         readonly Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc;
         readonly Action disposeAction;
 
-        public AsyncUnaryCall(Task<TResponse> responseAsync, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
+        internal AsyncUnaryCall(Task<TResponse> responseAsync, Task<Metadata> responseHeadersAsync, Func<Status> getStatusFunc, Func<Metadata> getTrailersFunc, Action disposeAction)
         {
             this.responseAsync = responseAsync;
+            this.responseHeadersAsync = responseHeadersAsync;
             this.getStatusFunc = getStatusFunc;
             this.getTrailersFunc = getTrailersFunc;
             this.disposeAction = disposeAction;
@@ -67,6 +70,17 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
+        /// Asynchronous access to response headers.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Task<Metadata> ResponseHeadersAsync
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return this.responseHeadersAsync;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
         /// Allows awaiting this object directly.
         /// </summary>
         public TaskAwaiter<TResponse> GetAwaiter()
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallInvocationDetails.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallInvocationDetails.cs
index 6565073fc5..8228b8f317 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallInvocationDetails.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallInvocationDetails.cs
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Details about a client-side call to be invoked.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for the call.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for the call.</typeparam>
     public struct CallInvocationDetails<TRequest, TResponse>
     {
         readonly Channel channel;
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         CallOptions options;
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.CallInvocationDetails`2"/> struct.
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.CallInvocationDetails{TRequest,TResponse}"/> struct.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">Channel to use for this call.</param>
         /// <param name="method">Method to call.</param>
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.CallInvocationDetails`2"/> struct.
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.CallInvocationDetails{TRequest,TResponse}"/> struct.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">Channel to use for this call.</param>
         /// <param name="method">Method to call.</param>
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.CallInvocationDetails`2"/> struct.
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.CallInvocationDetails{TRequest,TResponse}"/> struct.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">Channel to use for this call.</param>
         /// <param name="method">Qualified method name.</param>
@@ -158,7 +160,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Returns new instance of <see cref="CallInvocationDetails"/> with
+        /// Returns new instance of <see cref="CallInvocationDetails{TRequest, TResponse}"/> with
         /// <c>Options</c> set to the value provided. Values of all other fields are preserved.
         /// </summary>
         public CallInvocationDetails<TRequest, TResponse> WithOptions(CallOptions options)
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallOptions.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallOptions.cs
index 3dfe80b48c..c3bc9c3156 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallOptions.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/CallOptions.cs
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// Returns new instance of <see cref="CallOptions"/> with
         /// <c>Headers</c> set to the value provided. Values of all other fields are preserved.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="headers">The headers.</param>
         public CallOptions WithHeaders(Metadata headers)
         {
             var newOptions = this;
@@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// Returns new instance of <see cref="CallOptions"/> with
         /// <c>Deadline</c> set to the value provided. Values of all other fields are preserved.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="deadline">The deadline.</param>
         public CallOptions WithDeadline(DateTime deadline)
         {
             var newOptions = this;
@@ -140,6 +142,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// Returns new instance of <see cref="CallOptions"/> with
         /// <c>CancellationToken</c> set to the value provided. Values of all other fields are preserved.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
         public CallOptions WithCancellationToken(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
             var newOptions = this;
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Calls.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Calls.cs
index 7067456638..94b3c2fe65 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Calls.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Calls.cs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         {
             var asyncCall = new AsyncCall<TRequest, TResponse>(call);
             var asyncResult = asyncCall.UnaryCallAsync(req);
-            return new AsyncUnaryCall<TResponse>(asyncResult, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
+            return new AsyncUnaryCall<TResponse>(asyncResult, asyncCall.ResponseHeadersAsync, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -93,13 +93,14 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             var asyncCall = new AsyncCall<TRequest, TResponse>(call);
             asyncCall.StartServerStreamingCall(req);
             var responseStream = new ClientResponseStream<TRequest, TResponse>(asyncCall);
-            return new AsyncServerStreamingCall<TResponse>(responseStream, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
+            return new AsyncServerStreamingCall<TResponse>(responseStream, asyncCall.ResponseHeadersAsync, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Invokes a client streaming call asynchronously.
         /// In client streaming scenario, client sends a stream of requests and server responds with a single response.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="call">The call defintion.</param>
         /// <returns>An awaitable call object providing access to the response.</returns>
         /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Type of request messages.</typeparam>
         /// <typeparam name="TResponse">The of response message.</typeparam>
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             var asyncCall = new AsyncCall<TRequest, TResponse>(call);
             var resultTask = asyncCall.ClientStreamingCallAsync();
             var requestStream = new ClientRequestStream<TRequest, TResponse>(asyncCall);
-            return new AsyncClientStreamingCall<TRequest, TResponse>(requestStream, resultTask, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
+            return new AsyncClientStreamingCall<TRequest, TResponse>(requestStream, resultTask, asyncCall.ResponseHeadersAsync, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             asyncCall.StartDuplexStreamingCall();
             var requestStream = new ClientRequestStream<TRequest, TResponse>(asyncCall);
             var responseStream = new ClientResponseStream<TRequest, TResponse>(asyncCall);
-            return new AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<TRequest, TResponse>(requestStream, responseStream, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
+            return new AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<TRequest, TResponse>(requestStream, responseStream, asyncCall.ResponseHeadersAsync, asyncCall.GetStatus, asyncCall.GetTrailers, asyncCall.Cancel);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Channel.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Channel.cs
index 2f8519dfa3..f1942727cd 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Channel.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Channel.cs
@@ -43,7 +43,9 @@ using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 namespace Grpc.Core
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// gRPC Channel
+    /// Represents a gRPC channel. Channels are an abstraction of long-lived connections to remote servers.
+    /// More client objects can reuse the same channel. Creating a channel is an expensive operation compared to invoking
+    /// a remote call so in general you should reuse a single channel for as many calls as possible.
     /// </summary>
     public class Channel
     {
@@ -58,7 +60,6 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         readonly List<ChannelOption> options;
 
         bool shutdownRequested;
-        bool disposed;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a channel that connects to a specific host.
@@ -162,6 +163,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// There is no need to call this explicitly unless your use case requires that.
         /// Starting an RPC on a new channel will request connection implicitly.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="deadline">The deadline. <c>null</c> indicates no deadline.</param>
         public async Task ConnectAsync(DateTime? deadline = null)
         {
             var currentState = handle.CheckConnectivityState(true);
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ChannelOptions.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ChannelOptions.cs
index ad54b46ad5..f5ef63af54 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ChannelOptions.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ChannelOptions.cs
@@ -44,9 +44,19 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// </summary>
     public sealed class ChannelOption
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Type of <c>ChannelOption</c>.
+        /// </summary>
         public enum OptionType
         {
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Channel option with integer value.
+            /// </summary>
             Integer,
+            
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Channel option with string value.
+            /// </summary>
             String
         }
 
@@ -79,6 +89,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             this.intValue = intValue;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the type of the <c>ChannelOption</c>.
+        /// </summary>
         public OptionType Type
         {
             get
@@ -87,6 +100,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the name of the <c>ChannelOption</c>.
+        /// </summary>
         public string Name
         {
             get
@@ -95,6 +111,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }    
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the integer value the <c>ChannelOption</c>.
+        /// </summary>
         public int IntValue
         {
             get
@@ -104,6 +123,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the string value the <c>ChannelOption</c>.
+        /// </summary>
         public string StringValue
         {
             get
@@ -140,7 +162,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// <summary>Primary user agent: goes at the start of the user-agent metadata</summary>
         public const string PrimaryUserAgentString = "grpc.primary_user_agent";
 
-        /// <summary> Secondary user agent: goes at the end of the user-agent metadata</summary>
+        /// <summary>Secondary user agent: goes at the end of the user-agent metadata</summary>
         public const string SecondaryUserAgentString = "grpc.secondary_user_agent";
 
         /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ClientBase.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ClientBase.cs
index 903449439b..f4533e735c 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ClientBase.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ClientBase.cs
@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         readonly Channel channel;
         readonly string authUriBase;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of <c>ClientBase</c> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="channel">The channel to use for remote call invocation.</param>
         public ClientBase(Channel channel)
         {
             this.channel = channel;
@@ -95,6 +99,11 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new call to given method.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="method">The method to invoke.</param>
+        /// <param name="options">The call options.</param>
+        /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type.</typeparam>
+        /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type.</typeparam>
+        /// <returns>The call invocation details.</returns>
         protected CallInvocationDetails<TRequest, TResponse> CreateCall<TRequest, TResponse>(Method<TRequest, TResponse> method, CallOptions options)
             where TRequest : class
             where TResponse : class
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ContextPropagationToken.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ContextPropagationToken.cs
index a5bf1b5a70..1d899b97fd 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ContextPropagationToken.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ContextPropagationToken.cs
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// In situations when a backend is making calls to another backend,
     /// it makes sense to propagate properties like deadline and cancellation 
     /// token of the server call to the child call.
-    /// C core provides some other contexts (like tracing context) that
-    /// are not accessible to C# layer, but this token still allows propagating them.
+    /// The gRPC native layer provides some other contexts (like tracing context) that
+    /// are not accessible to explicitly C# layer, but this token still allows propagating them.
     /// </summary>
     public class ContextPropagationToken
     {
@@ -143,13 +143,13 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             this.propagateCancellation = propagateCancellation;
         }
             
-        /// <value><c>true</c> if parent call's deadline should be propagated to the child call.</value>
+        /// <summary><c>true</c> if parent call's deadline should be propagated to the child call.</summary>
         public bool IsPropagateDeadline
         {
             get { return this.propagateDeadline; }
         }
 
-        /// <value><c>true</c> if parent call's cancellation token should be propagated to the child call.</value>
+        /// <summary><c>true</c> if parent call's cancellation token should be propagated to the child call.</summary>
         public bool IsPropagateCancellation
         {
             get { return this.propagateCancellation; }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj
index 055aff1444..ad2af17bc7 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Grpc.Core.csproj
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
     <Compile Include="AsyncDuplexStreamingCall.cs" />
     <Compile Include="AsyncServerStreamingCall.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IClientStreamWriter.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Internal\INativeCall.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IServerStreamWriter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IAsyncStreamWriter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IAsyncStreamReader.cs" />
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/GrpcEnvironment.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/GrpcEnvironment.cs
index 0a44eead74..e7c04185c2 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/GrpcEnvironment.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/GrpcEnvironment.cs
@@ -102,6 +102,14 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
         }
 
+        internal static int GetRefCount()
+        {
+            lock (staticLock)
+            {
+                return refCount;
+            }
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets application-wide logger used by gRPC.
         /// </summary>
@@ -177,7 +185,6 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(ptr);
         }
 
-
         internal static void GrpcNativeInit()
         {
             grpcsharp_init();
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamReader.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamReader.cs
index c0a0674e50..49e1ea7832 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamReader.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamReader.cs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// A stream of messages to be read.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The message type.</typeparam>
     public interface IAsyncStreamReader<T> : IAsyncEnumerator<T>
     {
         // TODO(jtattermusch): consider just using IAsyncEnumerator instead of this interface.
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamWriter.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamWriter.cs
index 4e2acb9c71..9c0d2d312e 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamWriter.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IAsyncStreamWriter.cs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// A writable stream of messages.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The message type.</typeparam>
     public interface IAsyncStreamWriter<T>
     {
         /// <summary>
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         /// If null, default options will be used.
         /// Once set, this property maintains its value across subsequent
         /// writes.
-        /// <value>The write options.</value>
+        /// </summary>
         WriteOptions WriteOptions { get; set; }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IClientStreamWriter.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IClientStreamWriter.cs
index a3028bc374..3fd0774db5 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IClientStreamWriter.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/IClientStreamWriter.cs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Client-side writable stream of messages with Close capability.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The message type.</typeparam>
     public interface IClientStreamWriter<T> : IAsyncStreamWriter<T>
     {
         /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCall.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCall.cs
index bb9ba5b8dd..e3b00781c6 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCall.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCall.cs
@@ -51,22 +51,35 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         static readonly ILogger Logger = GrpcEnvironment.Logger.ForType<AsyncCall<TRequest, TResponse>>();
 
         readonly CallInvocationDetails<TRequest, TResponse> details;
+        readonly INativeCall injectedNativeCall;  // for testing
 
         // Completion of a pending unary response if not null.
         TaskCompletionSource<TResponse> unaryResponseTcs;
 
+        // Indicates that steaming call has finished.
+        TaskCompletionSource<object> streamingCallFinishedTcs = new TaskCompletionSource<object>();
+
+        // Response headers set here once received.
+        TaskCompletionSource<Metadata> responseHeadersTcs = new TaskCompletionSource<Metadata>();
+
         // Set after status is received. Used for both unary and streaming response calls.
         ClientSideStatus? finishedStatus;
 
-        bool readObserverCompleted;  // True if readObserver has already been completed.
-
         public AsyncCall(CallInvocationDetails<TRequest, TResponse> callDetails)
-            : base(callDetails.RequestMarshaller.Serializer, callDetails.ResponseMarshaller.Deserializer)
+            : base(callDetails.RequestMarshaller.Serializer, callDetails.ResponseMarshaller.Deserializer, callDetails.Channel.Environment)
         {
             this.details = callDetails.WithOptions(callDetails.Options.Normalize());
             this.initialMetadataSent = true;  // we always send metadata at the very beginning of the call.
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// This constructor should only be used for testing.
+        /// </summary>
+        public AsyncCall(CallInvocationDetails<TRequest, TResponse> callDetails, INativeCall injectedNativeCall) : this(callDetails)
+        {
+            this.injectedNativeCall = injectedNativeCall;
+        }
+
         // TODO: this method is not Async, so it shouldn't be in AsyncCall class, but 
         // it is reusing fair amount of code in this class, so we are leaving it here.
         /// <summary>
@@ -100,7 +113,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                         bool success = (ev.success != 0);
                         try
                         {
-                            HandleUnaryResponse(success, ctx);
+                            HandleUnaryResponse(success, ctx.GetReceivedStatusOnClient(), ctx.GetReceivedMessage(), ctx.GetReceivedInitialMetadata());
                         }
                         catch (Exception e)
                         {
@@ -125,7 +138,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                 Preconditions.CheckState(!started);
                 started = true;
 
-                Initialize(details.Channel.Environment.CompletionQueue);
+                Initialize(environment.CompletionQueue);
 
                 halfcloseRequested = true;
                 readingDone = true;
@@ -152,7 +165,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                 Preconditions.CheckState(!started);
                 started = true;
 
-                Initialize(details.Channel.Environment.CompletionQueue);
+                Initialize(environment.CompletionQueue);
 
                 readingDone = true;
 
@@ -176,10 +189,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                 Preconditions.CheckState(!started);
                 started = true;
 
-                Initialize(details.Channel.Environment.CompletionQueue);
+                Initialize(environment.CompletionQueue);
 
                 halfcloseRequested = true;
-                halfclosed = true;  // halfclose not confirmed yet, but it will be once finishedHandler is called.
 
                 byte[] payload = UnsafeSerialize(msg);
 
@@ -187,6 +199,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                 {
                     call.StartServerStreaming(HandleFinished, payload, metadataArray, GetWriteFlagsForCall());
                 }
+                call.StartReceiveInitialMetadata(HandleReceivedResponseHeaders);
             }
         }
 
@@ -201,12 +214,13 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                 Preconditions.CheckState(!started);
                 started = true;
 
-                Initialize(details.Channel.Environment.CompletionQueue);
+                Initialize(environment.CompletionQueue);
 
                 using (var metadataArray = MetadataArraySafeHandle.Create(details.Options.Headers))
                 {
                     call.StartDuplexStreaming(HandleFinished, metadataArray);
                 }
+                call.StartReceiveInitialMetadata(HandleReceivedResponseHeaders);
             }
         }
 
@@ -248,6 +262,28 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         }
 
         /// <summary>
+        /// Get the task that completes once if streaming call finishes with ok status and throws RpcException with given status otherwise.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Task StreamingCallFinishedTask
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return streamingCallFinishedTcs.Task;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get the task that completes once response headers are received.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Task<Metadata> ResponseHeadersAsync
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return responseHeadersTcs.Task;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
         /// Gets the resulting status if the call has already finished.
         /// Throws InvalidOperationException otherwise.
         /// </summary>
@@ -281,53 +317,36 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             }
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// On client-side, we only fire readCompletionDelegate once all messages have been read 
-        /// and status has been received.
-        /// </summary>
-        protected override void ProcessLastRead(AsyncCompletionDelegate<TResponse> completionDelegate)
+        protected override void OnAfterReleaseResources()
         {
-            if (completionDelegate != null && readingDone && finishedStatus.HasValue)
-            {
-                bool shouldComplete;
-                lock (myLock)
-                {
-                    shouldComplete = !readObserverCompleted;
-                    readObserverCompleted = true;
-                }
-
-                if (shouldComplete)
-                {
-                    var status = finishedStatus.Value.Status;
-                    if (status.StatusCode != StatusCode.OK)
-                    {
-                        FireCompletion(completionDelegate, default(TResponse), new RpcException(status));
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        FireCompletion(completionDelegate, default(TResponse), null);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+            details.Channel.RemoveCallReference(this);
         }
 
-        protected override void OnAfterReleaseResources()
+        protected override bool IsClient
         {
-            details.Channel.RemoveCallReference(this);
+            get { return true; }
         }
 
         private void Initialize(CompletionQueueSafeHandle cq)
         {
+            var call = CreateNativeCall(cq);
+            details.Channel.AddCallReference(this);
+            InitializeInternal(call);
+            RegisterCancellationCallback();
+        }
+
+        private INativeCall CreateNativeCall(CompletionQueueSafeHandle cq)
+        {
+            if (injectedNativeCall != null)
+            {
+                return injectedNativeCall;  // allows injecting a mock INativeCall in tests.
+            }
+
             var parentCall = details.Options.PropagationToken != null ? details.Options.PropagationToken.ParentCall : CallSafeHandle.NullInstance;
 
-            var call = details.Channel.Handle.CreateCall(details.Channel.Environment.CompletionRegistry,
+            return details.Channel.Handle.CreateCall(environment.CompletionRegistry,
                 parentCall, ContextPropagationToken.DefaultMask, cq,
                 details.Method, details.Host, Timespec.FromDateTime(details.Options.Deadline.Value));
-
-            details.Channel.AddCallReference(this);
-
-            InitializeInternal(call);
-            RegisterCancellationCallback();
         }
 
         // Make sure that once cancellationToken for this call is cancelled, Cancel() will be called.
@@ -350,62 +369,69 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         }
 
         /// <summary>
+        /// Handles receive status completion for calls with streaming response.
+        /// </summary>
+        private void HandleReceivedResponseHeaders(bool success, Metadata responseHeaders)
+        {
+            responseHeadersTcs.SetResult(responseHeaders);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
         /// Handler for unary response completion.
         /// </summary>
-        private void HandleUnaryResponse(bool success, BatchContextSafeHandle ctx)
+        private void HandleUnaryResponse(bool success, ClientSideStatus receivedStatus, byte[] receivedMessage, Metadata responseHeaders)
         {
-            var fullStatus = ctx.GetReceivedStatusOnClient();
+            TResponse msg = default(TResponse);
+            var deserializeException = success ? TryDeserialize(receivedMessage, out msg) : null;
 
             lock (myLock)
             {
                 finished = true;
-                finishedStatus = fullStatus;
 
-                halfclosed = true;
+                if (deserializeException != null && receivedStatus.Status.StatusCode == StatusCode.OK)
+                {
+                    receivedStatus = new ClientSideStatus(DeserializeResponseFailureStatus, receivedStatus.Trailers);
+                }
+                finishedStatus = receivedStatus;
 
                 ReleaseResourcesIfPossible();
             }
 
-            if (!success)
-            {
-                unaryResponseTcs.SetException(new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Internal error occured.")));
-                return;
-            }
+            responseHeadersTcs.SetResult(responseHeaders);
 
-            var status = fullStatus.Status;
+            var status = receivedStatus.Status;
 
-            if (status.StatusCode != StatusCode.OK)
+            if (!success || status.StatusCode != StatusCode.OK)
             {
                 unaryResponseTcs.SetException(new RpcException(status));
                 return;
             }
 
-            // TODO: handle deserialization error
-            TResponse msg;
-            TryDeserialize(ctx.GetReceivedMessage(), out msg);
-
             unaryResponseTcs.SetResult(msg);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Handles receive status completion for calls with streaming response.
         /// </summary>
-        private void HandleFinished(bool success, BatchContextSafeHandle ctx)
+        private void HandleFinished(bool success, ClientSideStatus receivedStatus)
         {
-            var fullStatus = ctx.GetReceivedStatusOnClient();
-
-            AsyncCompletionDelegate<TResponse> origReadCompletionDelegate = null;
             lock (myLock)
             {
                 finished = true;
-                finishedStatus = fullStatus;
-
-                origReadCompletionDelegate = readCompletionDelegate;
+                finishedStatus = receivedStatus;
 
                 ReleaseResourcesIfPossible();
             }
 
-            ProcessLastRead(origReadCompletionDelegate);
+            var status = receivedStatus.Status;
+
+            if (!success || status.StatusCode != StatusCode.OK)
+            {
+                streamingCallFinishedTcs.SetException(new RpcException(status));
+                return;
+            }
+
+            streamingCallFinishedTcs.SetResult(null);
         }
     }
 }
 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallBase.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallBase.cs
index 1808294f43..3e2c57c9b5 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallBase.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallBase.cs
@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
 using Grpc.Core.Internal;
 using Grpc.Core.Logging;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
@@ -50,34 +52,35 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
     internal abstract class AsyncCallBase<TWrite, TRead>
     {
         static readonly ILogger Logger = GrpcEnvironment.Logger.ForType<AsyncCallBase<TWrite, TRead>>();
+        protected static readonly Status DeserializeResponseFailureStatus = new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Failed to deserialize response message.");
 
         readonly Func<TWrite, byte[]> serializer;
         readonly Func<byte[], TRead> deserializer;
 
+        protected readonly GrpcEnvironment environment;
         protected readonly object myLock = new object();
 
-        protected CallSafeHandle call;
+        protected INativeCall call;
         protected bool disposed;
 
         protected bool started;
-        protected bool errorOccured;
         protected bool cancelRequested;
 
         protected AsyncCompletionDelegate<object> sendCompletionDelegate;  // Completion of a pending send or sendclose if not null.
         protected AsyncCompletionDelegate<TRead> readCompletionDelegate;  // Completion of a pending send or sendclose if not null.
 
-        protected bool readingDone;
-        protected bool halfcloseRequested;
-        protected bool halfclosed;
+        protected bool readingDone;  // True if last read (i.e. read with null payload) was already received.
+        protected bool halfcloseRequested;  // True if send close have been initiated.
         protected bool finished;  // True if close has been received from the peer.
 
         protected bool initialMetadataSent;
-        protected long streamingWritesCounter;
+        protected long streamingWritesCounter;  // Number of streaming send operations started so far.
 
-        public AsyncCallBase(Func<TWrite, byte[]> serializer, Func<byte[], TRead> deserializer)
+        public AsyncCallBase(Func<TWrite, byte[]> serializer, Func<byte[], TRead> deserializer, GrpcEnvironment environment)
         {
             this.serializer = Preconditions.CheckNotNull(serializer);
             this.deserializer = Preconditions.CheckNotNull(deserializer);
+            this.environment = Preconditions.CheckNotNull(environment);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -100,11 +103,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         /// <summary>
         /// Requests cancelling the call with given status.
         /// </summary>
-        public void CancelWithStatus(Status status)
+        protected void CancelWithStatus(Status status)
         {
             lock (myLock)
             {
-                Preconditions.CheckState(started);
                 cancelRequested = true;
 
                 if (!disposed)
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             }
         }
 
-        protected void InitializeInternal(CallSafeHandle call)
+        protected void InitializeInternal(INativeCall call)
         {
             lock (myLock)
             {
@@ -159,16 +161,6 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             }
         }
 
-        // TODO(jtattermusch): find more fitting name for this method.
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Default behavior just completes the read observer, but more sofisticated behavior might be required
-        /// by subclasses.
-        /// </summary>
-        protected virtual void ProcessLastRead(AsyncCompletionDelegate<TRead> completionDelegate)
-        {
-            FireCompletion(completionDelegate, default(TRead), null);
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// If there are no more pending actions and no new actions can be started, releases
         /// the underlying native resources.
@@ -177,7 +169,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         {
             if (!disposed && call != null)
             {
-                bool noMoreSendCompletions = halfclosed || (cancelRequested && sendCompletionDelegate == null);
+                bool noMoreSendCompletions = sendCompletionDelegate == null && (halfcloseRequested || cancelRequested || finished);
                 if (noMoreSendCompletions && readingDone && finished)
                 {
                     ReleaseResources();
@@ -187,6 +179,11 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             return false;
         }
 
+        protected abstract bool IsClient
+        {
+            get;
+        }
+
         private void ReleaseResources()
         {
             if (call != null)
@@ -204,11 +201,11 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         protected void CheckSendingAllowed()
         {
             Preconditions.CheckState(started);
-            Preconditions.CheckState(!errorOccured);
             CheckNotCancelled();
             Preconditions.CheckState(!disposed);
 
             Preconditions.CheckState(!halfcloseRequested, "Already halfclosed.");
+            Preconditions.CheckState(!finished, "Already finished.");
             Preconditions.CheckState(sendCompletionDelegate == null, "Only one write can be pending at a time");
         }
 
@@ -216,7 +213,6 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         {
             Preconditions.CheckState(started);
             Preconditions.CheckState(!disposed);
-            Preconditions.CheckState(!errorOccured);
 
             Preconditions.CheckState(!readingDone, "Stream has already been closed.");
             Preconditions.CheckState(readCompletionDelegate == null, "Only one read can be pending at a time");
@@ -235,33 +231,31 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             return serializer(msg);
         }
 
-        protected bool TrySerialize(TWrite msg, out byte[] payload)
+        protected Exception TrySerialize(TWrite msg, out byte[] payload)
         {
             try
             {
                 payload = serializer(msg);
-                return true;
+                return null;
             }
             catch (Exception e)
             {
-                Logger.Error(e, "Exception occured while trying to serialize message");
                 payload = null;
-                return false;
+                return e;
             }
         }
 
-        protected bool TryDeserialize(byte[] payload, out TRead msg)
+        protected Exception TryDeserialize(byte[] payload, out TRead msg)
         {
             try
             {
                 msg = deserializer(payload);
-                return true;
+                return null;
             } 
             catch (Exception e)
             {
-                Logger.Error(e, "Exception occured while trying to deserialize message.");
                 msg = default(TRead);
-                return false;
+                return e;
             }
         }
 
@@ -280,7 +274,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         /// <summary>
         /// Handles send completion.
         /// </summary>
-        protected void HandleSendFinished(bool success, BatchContextSafeHandle ctx)
+        protected void HandleSendFinished(bool success)
         {
             AsyncCompletionDelegate<object> origCompletionDelegate = null;
             lock (myLock)
@@ -304,12 +298,11 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         /// <summary>
         /// Handles halfclose completion.
         /// </summary>
-        protected void HandleHalfclosed(bool success, BatchContextSafeHandle ctx)
+        protected void HandleHalfclosed(bool success)
         {
             AsyncCompletionDelegate<object> origCompletionDelegate = null;
             lock (myLock)
             {
-                halfclosed = true;
                 origCompletionDelegate = sendCompletionDelegate;
                 sendCompletionDelegate = null;
 
@@ -329,43 +322,40 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         /// <summary>
         /// Handles streaming read completion.
         /// </summary>
-        protected void HandleReadFinished(bool success, BatchContextSafeHandle ctx)
+        protected void HandleReadFinished(bool success, byte[] receivedMessage)
         {
-            var payload = ctx.GetReceivedMessage();
+            TRead msg = default(TRead);
+            var deserializeException = (success && receivedMessage != null) ? TryDeserialize(receivedMessage, out msg) : null;
 
             AsyncCompletionDelegate<TRead> origCompletionDelegate = null;
             lock (myLock)
             {
                 origCompletionDelegate = readCompletionDelegate;
-                if (payload != null)
+                readCompletionDelegate = null;
+
+                if (receivedMessage == null)
                 {
-                    readCompletionDelegate = null;
+                    // This was the last read.
+                    readingDone = true;
                 }
-                else
+
+                if (deserializeException != null && IsClient)
                 {
-                    // This was the last read. Keeping the readCompletionDelegate
-                    // to be either fired by this handler or by client-side finished
-                    // handler.
                     readingDone = true;
+                    CancelWithStatus(DeserializeResponseFailureStatus);
                 }
 
                 ReleaseResourcesIfPossible();
             }
 
-            // TODO: handle the case when error occured...
+            // TODO: handle the case when success==false
 
-            if (payload != null)
-            {
-                // TODO: handle deserialization error
-                TRead msg;
-                TryDeserialize(payload, out msg);
-
-                FireCompletion(origCompletionDelegate, msg, null);
-            }
-            else
+            if (deserializeException != null && !IsClient)
             {
-                ProcessLastRead(origCompletionDelegate);
+                FireCompletion(origCompletionDelegate, default(TRead), new IOException("Failed to deserialize request message.", deserializeException));
+                return;
             }
+            FireCompletion(origCompletionDelegate, msg, null);
         }
     }
 }
 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallServer.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallServer.cs
index 6278c0191e..46ca459349 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallServer.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/AsyncCallServer.cs
@@ -49,12 +49,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
     {
         readonly TaskCompletionSource<object> finishedServersideTcs = new TaskCompletionSource<object>();
         readonly CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
-        readonly GrpcEnvironment environment;
         readonly Server server;
 
-        public AsyncCallServer(Func<TResponse, byte[]> serializer, Func<byte[], TRequest> deserializer, GrpcEnvironment environment, Server server) : base(serializer, deserializer)
+        public AsyncCallServer(Func<TResponse, byte[]> serializer, Func<byte[], TRequest> deserializer, GrpcEnvironment environment, Server server) : base(serializer, deserializer, environment)
         {
-            this.environment = Preconditions.CheckNotNull(environment);
             this.server = Preconditions.CheckNotNull(server);
         }
 
@@ -171,6 +169,11 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             }
         }
 
+        protected override bool IsClient
+        {
+            get { return false; }
+        }
+
         protected override void CheckReadingAllowed()
         {
             base.CheckReadingAllowed();
@@ -185,10 +188,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
         /// <summary>
         /// Handles the server side close completion.
         /// </summary>
-        private void HandleFinishedServerside(bool success, BatchContextSafeHandle ctx)
+        private void HandleFinishedServerside(bool success, bool cancelled)
         {
-            bool cancelled = ctx.GetReceivedCloseOnServerCancelled();
-
             lock (myLock)
             {
                 finished = true;
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CallSafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CallSafeHandle.cs
index 3cb01e29bd..c3611a7761 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CallSafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CallSafeHandle.cs
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_call from <grpc/grpc.h>
+    /// grpc_call from <c>grpc/grpc.h</c>
     /// </summary>
-    internal class CallSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
+    internal class CallSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid, INativeCall
     {
         public static readonly CallSafeHandle NullInstance = new CallSafeHandle();
 
@@ -87,6 +87,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             BatchContextSafeHandle ctx);
 
         [DllImport("grpc_csharp_ext.dll")]
+        static extern GRPCCallError grpcsharp_call_recv_initial_metadata(CallSafeHandle call,
+            BatchContextSafeHandle ctx);
+
+        [DllImport("grpc_csharp_ext.dll")]
         static extern GRPCCallError grpcsharp_call_start_serverside(CallSafeHandle call,
             BatchContextSafeHandle ctx);
 
@@ -109,10 +113,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             this.completionRegistry = completionRegistry;
         }
 
-        public void StartUnary(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
+        public void StartUnary(UnaryResponseClientHandler callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedStatusOnClient(), context.GetReceivedMessage(), context.GetReceivedInitialMetadata()));
             grpcsharp_call_start_unary(this, ctx, payload, new UIntPtr((ulong)payload.Length), metadataArray, writeFlags)
                 .CheckOk();
         }
@@ -123,66 +127,73 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
                 .CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartClientStreaming(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
+        public void StartClientStreaming(UnaryResponseClientHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedStatusOnClient(), context.GetReceivedMessage(), context.GetReceivedInitialMetadata()));
             grpcsharp_call_start_client_streaming(this, ctx, metadataArray).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartServerStreaming(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
+        public void StartServerStreaming(ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, WriteFlags writeFlags)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedStatusOnClient()));
             grpcsharp_call_start_server_streaming(this, ctx, payload, new UIntPtr((ulong)payload.Length), metadataArray, writeFlags).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartDuplexStreaming(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
+        public void StartDuplexStreaming(ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedStatusOnClient()));
             grpcsharp_call_start_duplex_streaming(this, ctx, metadataArray).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartSendMessage(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, byte[] payload, WriteFlags writeFlags, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata)
+        public void StartSendMessage(SendCompletionHandler callback, byte[] payload, WriteFlags writeFlags, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success));
             grpcsharp_call_send_message(this, ctx, payload, new UIntPtr((ulong)payload.Length), writeFlags, sendEmptyInitialMetadata).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartSendCloseFromClient(BatchCompletionDelegate callback)
+        public void StartSendCloseFromClient(SendCompletionHandler callback)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success));
             grpcsharp_call_send_close_from_client(this, ctx).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartSendStatusFromServer(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, Status status, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata)
+        public void StartSendStatusFromServer(SendCompletionHandler callback, Status status, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success));
             grpcsharp_call_send_status_from_server(this, ctx, status.StatusCode, status.Detail, metadataArray, sendEmptyInitialMetadata).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartReceiveMessage(BatchCompletionDelegate callback)
+        public void StartReceiveMessage(ReceivedMessageHandler callback)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedMessage()));
             grpcsharp_call_recv_message(this, ctx).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartServerSide(BatchCompletionDelegate callback)
+        public void StartReceiveInitialMetadata(ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler callback)
+        {
+            var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedInitialMetadata()));
+            grpcsharp_call_recv_initial_metadata(this, ctx).CheckOk();
+        }
+
+        public void StartServerSide(ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler callback)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success, context.GetReceivedCloseOnServerCancelled()));
             grpcsharp_call_start_serverside(this, ctx).CheckOk();
         }
 
-        public void StartSendInitialMetadata(BatchCompletionDelegate callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
+        public void StartSendInitialMetadata(SendCompletionHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray)
         {
             var ctx = BatchContextSafeHandle.Create();
-            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, callback);
+            completionRegistry.RegisterBatchCompletion(ctx, (success, context) => callback(success));
             grpcsharp_call_send_initial_metadata(this, ctx, metadataArray).CheckOk();
         }
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelArgsSafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelArgsSafeHandle.cs
index c12aec5a3a..ea5b52374e 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelArgsSafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelArgsSafeHandle.cs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_channel_args from <grpc/grpc.h>
+    /// grpc_channel_args from <c>grpc/grpc.h</c>
     /// </summary>
     internal class ChannelArgsSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelSafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelSafeHandle.cs
index 8cef566c14..7a1c6e3dac 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelSafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ChannelSafeHandle.cs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_channel from <grpc/grpc.h>
+    /// grpc_channel from <c>grpc/grpc.h</c>
     /// </summary>
     internal class ChannelSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ClientResponseStream.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ClientResponseStream.cs
index 6c44521038..b4a7335c7c 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ClientResponseStream.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ClientResponseStream.cs
@@ -72,7 +72,13 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
             call.StartReadMessage(taskSource.CompletionDelegate);
             var result = await taskSource.Task;
             this.current = result;
-            return result != null;
+
+            if (result == null)
+            {
+                await call.StreamingCallFinishedTask;
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
         }
 
         public void Dispose()
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CompletionQueueSafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CompletionQueueSafeHandle.cs
index f64f3d4175..f7a3471bb4 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CompletionQueueSafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CompletionQueueSafeHandle.cs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_completion_queue from <grpc/grpc.h>
+    /// grpc_completion_queue from <c>grpc/grpc.h</c>
     /// </summary>
     internal class CompletionQueueSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CredentialsSafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CredentialsSafeHandle.cs
index 8b4fa85e5d..feed335362 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CredentialsSafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/CredentialsSafeHandle.cs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_credentials from <grpc/grpc_security.h>
+    /// grpc_credentials from <c>grpc/grpc_security.h</c>
     /// </summary>
     internal class CredentialsSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/INativeCall.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/INativeCall.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cbef599139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/INativeCall.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#region Copyright notice and license
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+// 
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+// 
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+// 
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#endregion
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
+{
+    internal delegate void UnaryResponseClientHandler(bool success, ClientSideStatus receivedStatus, byte[] receivedMessage, Metadata responseHeaders);
+
+    // Received status for streaming response calls.
+    internal delegate void ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler(bool success, ClientSideStatus receivedStatus);
+
+    internal delegate void ReceivedMessageHandler(bool success, byte[] receivedMessage);
+
+    internal delegate void ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler(bool success, Metadata responseHeaders);
+
+    internal delegate void SendCompletionHandler(bool success);
+
+    internal delegate void ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler(bool success, bool cancelled);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Abstraction of a native call object.
+    /// </summary>
+    internal interface INativeCall : IDisposable
+    {
+        void Cancel();
+
+        void CancelWithStatus(Grpc.Core.Status status);
+
+        string GetPeer();
+
+        void StartUnary(UnaryResponseClientHandler callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, Grpc.Core.WriteFlags writeFlags);
+
+        void StartUnary(BatchContextSafeHandle ctx, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, Grpc.Core.WriteFlags writeFlags);
+
+        void StartClientStreaming(UnaryResponseClientHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray);
+
+        void StartServerStreaming(ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler callback, byte[] payload, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, Grpc.Core.WriteFlags writeFlags);
+
+        void StartDuplexStreaming(ReceivedStatusOnClientHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray);
+
+        void StartReceiveMessage(ReceivedMessageHandler callback);
+
+        void StartReceiveInitialMetadata(ReceivedResponseHeadersHandler callback);
+
+        void StartSendInitialMetadata(SendCompletionHandler callback, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray);
+
+        void StartSendMessage(SendCompletionHandler callback, byte[] payload, Grpc.Core.WriteFlags writeFlags, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata);
+
+        void StartSendCloseFromClient(SendCompletionHandler callback);
+
+        void StartSendStatusFromServer(SendCompletionHandler callback, Grpc.Core.Status status, MetadataArraySafeHandle metadataArray, bool sendEmptyInitialMetadata);
+
+        void StartServerSide(ReceivedCloseOnServerHandler callback);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/MetadataArraySafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/MetadataArraySafeHandle.cs
index 83994f6762..31b834c979 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/MetadataArraySafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/MetadataArraySafeHandle.cs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_metadata_array from <grpc/grpc.h>
+    /// grpc_metadata_array from <c>grpc/grpc.h</c>
     /// </summary>
     internal class MetadataArraySafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ServerCredentialsSafeHandle.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ServerCredentialsSafeHandle.cs
index 37a4f5256b..51e352a18b 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ServerCredentialsSafeHandle.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Internal/ServerCredentialsSafeHandle.cs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 namespace Grpc.Core.Internal
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// grpc_server_credentials from <grpc/grpc_security.h>
+    /// grpc_server_credentials from <c>grpc/grpc_security.h</c>
     /// </summary>
     internal class ServerCredentialsSafeHandle : SafeHandleZeroIsInvalid
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Marshaller.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Marshaller.cs
index f38cb0863f..3493d2d38f 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Marshaller.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Marshaller.cs
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Encapsulates the logic for serializing and deserializing messages.
     /// </summary>
-    public struct Marshaller<T>
+    public class Marshaller<T>
     {
         readonly Func<T, byte[]> serializer;
         readonly Func<byte[], T> deserializer;
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Metadata.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Metadata.cs
index a589b50caa..21bdf4f114 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Metadata.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Metadata.cs
@@ -33,15 +33,23 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Specialized;
+using System.Globalization;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Text;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 
 namespace Grpc.Core
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// Provides access to read and write metadata values to be exchanged during a call.
+    /// A collection of metadata entries that can be exchanged during a call.
+    /// gRPC supports these types of metadata:
+    /// <list type="bullet">
+    /// <item><term>Request headers</term><description>are sent by the client at the beginning of a remote call before any request messages are sent.</description></item>
+    /// <item><term>Response headers</term><description>are sent by the server at the beginning of a remote call handler before any response messages are sent.</description></item>
+    /// <item><term>Response trailers</term><description>are sent by the server at the end of a remote call along with resulting call status.</description></item>
+    /// </list>
     /// </summary>
     public sealed class Metadata : IList<Metadata.Entry>
     {
@@ -58,21 +66,19 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         readonly List<Entry> entries;
         bool readOnly;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of <c>Metadata</c>.
+        /// </summary>
         public Metadata()
         {
             this.entries = new List<Entry>();
         }
 
-        public Metadata(ICollection<Entry> entries)
-        {
-            this.entries = new List<Entry>(entries);
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Makes this object read-only.
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns>this object</returns>
-        public Metadata Freeze()
+        internal Metadata Freeze()
         {
             this.readOnly = true;
             return this;
@@ -184,6 +190,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
         public struct Entry
         {
             private static readonly Encoding Encoding = Encoding.ASCII;
+            private static readonly Regex ValidKeyRegex = new Regex("^[a-z0-9_-]+$");
 
             readonly string key;
             readonly string value;
@@ -197,7 +204,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
 
             /// <summary>
-            /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.Metadata+Entry"/> struct with a binary value.
+            /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.Metadata.Entry"/> struct with a binary value.
             /// </summary>
             /// <param name="key">Metadata key, needs to have suffix indicating a binary valued metadata entry.</param>
             /// <param name="valueBytes">Value bytes.</param>
@@ -213,7 +220,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
 
             /// <summary>
-            /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.Metadata+Entry"/> struct holding an ASCII value.
+            /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Grpc.Core.Metadata.Entry"/> struct holding an ASCII value.
             /// </summary>
             /// <param name="key">Metadata key, must not use suffix indicating a binary valued metadata entry.</param>
             /// <param name="value">Value string. Only ASCII characters are allowed.</param>
@@ -280,7 +287,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
 
             /// <summary>
-            /// Returns a <see cref="System.String"/> that represents the current <see cref="Grpc.Core.Metadata+Entry"/>.
+            /// Returns a <see cref="System.String"/> that represents the current <see cref="Grpc.Core.Metadata.Entry"/>.
             /// </summary>
             public override string ToString()
             {
@@ -316,7 +323,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
 
             private static string NormalizeKey(string key)
             {
-                return Preconditions.CheckNotNull(key, "key").ToLower();
+                var normalized = Preconditions.CheckNotNull(key, "key").ToLower(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+                Preconditions.CheckArgument(ValidKeyRegex.IsMatch(normalized), 
+                    "Metadata entry key not valid. Keys can only contain lowercase alphanumeric characters, underscores and hyphens.");
+                return normalized;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Method.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Method.cs
index 4c53285893..99162a7d5d 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Method.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Method.cs
@@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// A description of a remote method.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this method.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this method.</typeparam>
     public class Method<TRequest, TResponse> : IMethod
     {
         readonly MethodType type;
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Server.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Server.cs
index 28f1686e20..7c94d21561 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Server.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Server.cs
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 namespace Grpc.Core
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// A gRPC server.
+    /// gRPC server. A single server can server arbitrary number of services and can listen on more than one ports.
     /// </summary>
     public class Server
     {
@@ -324,6 +324,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
                 server.AddServiceDefinitionInternal(serviceDefinition);
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Gets enumerator for this collection.
+            /// </summary>
             public IEnumerator<ServerServiceDefinition> GetEnumerator()
             {
                 return server.serviceDefinitionsList.GetEnumerator();
@@ -369,6 +372,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
                 return Add(new ServerPort(host, port, credentials));
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Gets enumerator for this collection.
+            /// </summary>
             public IEnumerator<ServerPort> GetEnumerator()
             {
                 return server.serverPortList.GetEnumerator();
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerCallContext.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerCallContext.cs
index 75d81c64f3..09a6b882a6 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerCallContext.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerCallContext.cs
@@ -72,6 +72,13 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             this.writeOptionsHolder = writeOptionsHolder;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Asynchronously sends response headers for the current call to the client. This method may only be invoked once for each call and needs to be invoked
+        /// before any response messages are written. Writing the first response message implicitly sends empty response headers if <c>WriteResponseHeadersAsync</c> haven't
+        /// been called yet.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="responseHeaders">The response headers to send.</param>
+        /// <returns>The task that finished once response headers have been written.</returns>
         public Task WriteResponseHeadersAsync(Metadata responseHeaders)
         {
             return writeHeadersFunc(responseHeaders);
@@ -186,6 +193,9 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// </summary>
     public interface IHasWriteOptions
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the write options.
+        /// </summary>
         WriteOptions WriteOptions { get; set; }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerMethods.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerMethods.cs
index 1f119a80ff..728f77cde5 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerMethods.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerMethods.cs
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Server-side handler for unary call.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this method.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this method.</typeparam>
     public delegate Task<TResponse> UnaryServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(TRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
         where TRequest : class
         where TResponse : class;
@@ -45,6 +47,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Server-side handler for client streaming call.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this method.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this method.</typeparam>
     public delegate Task<TResponse> ClientStreamingServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(IAsyncStreamReader<TRequest> requestStream, ServerCallContext context)
         where TRequest : class
         where TResponse : class;
@@ -52,6 +56,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Server-side handler for server streaming call.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this method.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this method.</typeparam>
     public delegate Task ServerStreamingServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(TRequest request, IServerStreamWriter<TResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context)
         where TRequest : class
         where TResponse : class;
@@ -59,6 +65,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     /// <summary>
     /// Server-side handler for bidi streaming call.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TRequest">Request message type for this method.</typeparam>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response message type for this method.</typeparam>
     public delegate Task DuplexStreamingServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(IAsyncStreamReader<TRequest> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<TResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context)
         where TRequest : class
         where TResponse : class;
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerServiceDefinition.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerServiceDefinition.cs
index 94b0a320c3..deb1431ca3 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerServiceDefinition.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/ServerServiceDefinition.cs
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Mapping of method names to server call handlers.
+    /// Normally, the <c>ServerServiceDefinition</c> objects will be created by the <c>BindService</c> factory method 
+    /// that is part of the autogenerated code for a protocol buffers service definition.
     /// </summary>
     public class ServerServiceDefinition
     {
@@ -58,21 +60,41 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new builder object for <c>ServerServiceDefinition</c>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="serviceName">The service name.</param>
+        /// <returns>The builder object.</returns>
         public static Builder CreateBuilder(string serviceName)
         {
             return new Builder(serviceName);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Builder class for <see cref="ServerServiceDefinition"/>.
+        /// </summary>
         public class Builder
         {
             readonly string serviceName;
             readonly Dictionary<string, IServerCallHandler> callHandlers = new Dictionary<string, IServerCallHandler>();
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Creates a new instance of builder.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="serviceName">The service name.</param>
             public Builder(string serviceName)
             {
                 this.serviceName = serviceName;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Adds a definitions for a single request - single response method.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <typeparam name="TRequest">The request message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <typeparam name="TResponse">The response message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <param name="method">The method.</param>
+            /// <param name="handler">The method handler.</param>
+            /// <returns>This builder instance.</returns>
             public Builder AddMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(
                 Method<TRequest, TResponse> method,
                 UnaryServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse> handler)
@@ -83,6 +105,14 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
                 return this;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Adds a definitions for a client streaming method.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <typeparam name="TRequest">The request message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <typeparam name="TResponse">The response message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <param name="method">The method.</param>
+            /// <param name="handler">The method handler.</param>
+            /// <returns>This builder instance.</returns>
             public Builder AddMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(
                 Method<TRequest, TResponse> method,
                 ClientStreamingServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse> handler)
@@ -93,6 +123,14 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
                 return this;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Adds a definitions for a server streaming method.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <typeparam name="TRequest">The request message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <typeparam name="TResponse">The response message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <param name="method">The method.</param>
+            /// <param name="handler">The method handler.</param>
+            /// <returns>This builder instance.</returns>
             public Builder AddMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(
                 Method<TRequest, TResponse> method,
                 ServerStreamingServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse> handler)
@@ -103,6 +141,14 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
                 return this;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Adds a definitions for a bidirectional streaming method.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <typeparam name="TRequest">The request message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <typeparam name="TResponse">The response message class.</typeparam>
+            /// <param name="method">The method.</param>
+            /// <param name="handler">The method handler.</param>
+            /// <returns>This builder instance.</returns>
             public Builder AddMethod<TRequest, TResponse>(
                 Method<TRequest, TResponse> method,
                 DuplexStreamingServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse> handler)
@@ -113,6 +159,10 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
                 return this;
             }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Creates an immutable <c>ServerServiceDefinition</c> from this builder.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <returns>The <c>ServerServiceDefinition</c> object.</returns>
             public ServerServiceDefinition Build()
             {
                 return new ServerServiceDefinition(callHandlers);
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Utils/Preconditions.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Utils/Preconditions.cs
index 374262f87a..a8ab603391 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Utils/Preconditions.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/Utils/Preconditions.cs
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Utils
         /// <summary>
         /// Throws <see cref="ArgumentException"/> if condition is false.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="condition">The condition.</param>
         public static void CheckArgument(bool condition)
         {
             if (!condition)
@@ -54,6 +55,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Utils
         /// <summary>
         /// Throws <see cref="ArgumentException"/> with given message if condition is false.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="condition">The condition.</param>
+        /// <param name="errorMessage">The error message.</param>
         public static void CheckArgument(bool condition, string errorMessage)
         {
             if (!condition)
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Utils
         /// <summary>
         /// Throws <see cref="ArgumentNullException"/> if reference is null.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="reference">The reference.</param>
         public static T CheckNotNull<T>(T reference)
         {
             if (reference == null)
@@ -77,6 +81,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Utils
         /// <summary>
         /// Throws <see cref="ArgumentNullException"/> if reference is null.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="reference">The reference.</param>
+        /// <param name="paramName">The parameter name.</param>
         public static T CheckNotNull<T>(T reference, string paramName)
         {
             if (reference == null)
@@ -89,6 +95,7 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Utils
         /// <summary>
         /// Throws <see cref="InvalidOperationException"/> if condition is false.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="condition">The condition.</param>
         public static void CheckState(bool condition)
         {
             if (!condition)
@@ -100,6 +107,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core.Utils
         /// <summary>
         /// Throws <see cref="InvalidOperationException"/> with given message if condition is false.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="condition">The condition.</param>
+        /// <param name="errorMessage">The error message.</param>
         public static void CheckState(bool condition, string errorMessage)
         {
             if (!condition)
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/VersionInfo.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/VersionInfo.cs
index b6dbd3b49c..eda821bc31 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/VersionInfo.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/VersionInfo.cs
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
     public static class VersionInfo
     {
         /// <summary>
-        /// Current version of gRPC
+        /// Current version of gRPC C#
         /// </summary>
-        public const string CurrentVersion = "0.6.1";
+        public const string CurrentVersion = "0.7.0";
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/WriteOptions.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/WriteOptions.cs
index 7ef3189d76..7523ada84a 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/WriteOptions.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Core/WriteOptions.cs
@@ -66,11 +66,18 @@ namespace Grpc.Core
             
         private WriteFlags flags;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of <c>WriteOptions</c> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="flags">The write flags.</param>
         public WriteOptions(WriteFlags flags = default(WriteFlags))
         {
             this.flags = flags;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the write flags.
+        /// </summary>
         public WriteFlags Flags
         {
             get
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/MathClient.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/MathClient.cs
index abd95cb905..01e4a80bab 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/MathClient.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathClient/MathClient.cs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading;
 using Grpc.Core;
 
-namespace math
+namespace Math
 {
     class MathClient
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/MathServer.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/MathServer.cs
index 26bef646ec..6e974a0871 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/MathServer.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.MathServer/MathServer.cs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading;
 using Grpc.Core;
 
-namespace math
+namespace Math
 {
     class MainClass
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj
index 9a8f780b24..c4c1ee6d00 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/Grpc.Examples.Tests.csproj
@@ -37,13 +37,14 @@
     <AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>C:\keys\Grpc.snk</AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <Reference Include="Google.Protobuf, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=a7d26565bac4d604, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
+      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.Protobuf.3.0.0-alpha4\lib\portable-net45+netcore45+wpa81+wp8\Google.Protobuf.dll</HintPath>
+    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="nunit.framework">
       <HintPath>..\packages\NUnit.2.6.4\lib\nunit.framework.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System" />
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.521\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Interactive.Async, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
       <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
       <HintPath>..\packages\Ix-Async.1.2.3\lib\net45\System.Interactive.Async.dll</HintPath>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/MathClientServerTests.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/MathClientServerTests.cs
index 36c1c947bd..e2975b5da9 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/MathClientServerTests.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/MathClientServerTests.cs
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 
-namespace math.Tests
+namespace Math.Tests
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Math client talks to local math server.
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ namespace math.Tests
         [Test]
         public void Div1()
         {
-            DivReply response = client.Div(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 }.Build());
+            DivReply response = client.Div(new DivArgs { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 });
             Assert.AreEqual(3, response.Quotient);
             Assert.AreEqual(1, response.Remainder);
         }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ namespace math.Tests
         [Test]
         public void Div2()
         {
-            DivReply response = client.Div(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 0, Divisor = 1 }.Build());
+            DivReply response = client.Div(new DivArgs { Dividend = 0, Divisor = 1 });
             Assert.AreEqual(0, response.Quotient);
             Assert.AreEqual(0, response.Remainder);
         }
@@ -91,14 +91,14 @@ namespace math.Tests
         [Test]
         public void DivByZero()
         {
-            var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(() => client.Div(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 0, Divisor = 0 }.Build()));
+            var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(() => client.Div(new DivArgs { Dividend = 0, Divisor = 0 }));
             Assert.AreEqual(StatusCode.Unknown, ex.Status.StatusCode);
         }
 
         [Test]
         public async Task DivAsync()
         {
-            DivReply response = await client.DivAsync(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 }.Build());
+            DivReply response = await client.DivAsync(new DivArgs { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 });
             Assert.AreEqual(3, response.Quotient);
             Assert.AreEqual(1, response.Remainder);
         }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ namespace math.Tests
         [Test]
         public async Task Fib()
         {
-            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs.Builder { Limit = 6 }.Build()))
+            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs { Limit = 6 }))
             {
                 var responses = await call.ResponseStream.ToListAsync();
                 CollectionAssert.AreEqual(new List<long> { 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 },
@@ -119,8 +119,7 @@ namespace math.Tests
         {
             var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
 
-            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs.Builder { Limit = 0 }.Build(), 
-                cancellationToken: cts.Token))
+            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs { Limit = 0 }, cancellationToken: cts.Token))
             {
                 List<long> responses = new List<long>();
 
@@ -147,7 +146,7 @@ namespace math.Tests
         [Test]
         public async Task FibWithDeadline()
         {
-            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs.Builder { Limit = 0 }.Build(), 
+            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs { Limit = 0 }, 
                 deadline: DateTime.UtcNow.AddMilliseconds(500)))
             {
                 var ex = Assert.Throws<RpcException>(async () => await call.ResponseStream.ToListAsync());
@@ -163,8 +162,7 @@ namespace math.Tests
         {
             using (var call = client.Sum())
             {
-                var numbers = new List<long> { 10, 20, 30 }.ConvertAll(
-                            n => Num.CreateBuilder().SetNum_(n).Build());
+                var numbers = new List<long> { 10, 20, 30 }.ConvertAll(n => new Num { Num_ = n });
 
                 await call.RequestStream.WriteAllAsync(numbers);
                 var result = await call.ResponseAsync;
@@ -177,9 +175,9 @@ namespace math.Tests
         {
             var divArgsList = new List<DivArgs>
             {
-                new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 }.Build(),
-                new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 100, Divisor = 21 }.Build(),
-                new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 7, Divisor = 2 }.Build()
+                new DivArgs { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 },
+                new DivArgs { Dividend = 100, Divisor = 21 },
+                new DivArgs { Dividend = 7, Divisor = 2 }
             };
 
             using (var call = client.DivMany())
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/packages.config b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/packages.config
index cc6e9af40f..7266fa1763 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/packages.config
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples.Tests/packages.config
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <packages>
-  <package id="Google.ProtocolBuffers" version="2.4.1.521" targetFramework="net45" />
+  <package id="Google.Protobuf" version="3.0.0-alpha4" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Ix-Async" version="1.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="NUnit" version="2.6.4" targetFramework="net45" />
 </packages>
 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj
index c1aa40500e..55462e02fd 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Grpc.Examples.csproj
@@ -37,11 +37,12 @@
     <AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>C:\keys\Grpc.snk</AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <Reference Include="Google.Protobuf, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=a7d26565bac4d604, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
+      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.Protobuf.3.0.0-alpha4\lib\portable-net45+netcore45+wpa81+wp8\Google.Protobuf.dll</HintPath>
+    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System" />
     <Reference Include="System.Data.Linq" />
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.521\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Interactive.Async">
       <HintPath>..\packages\Ix-Async.1.2.3\lib\net45\System.Interactive.Async.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Math.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Math.cs
index 75b1e9dbc2..d0e1ee8aae 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Math.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/Math.cs
@@ -1,80 +1,46 @@
-// Generated by ProtoGen, Version=2.4.1.521, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=17b3b1f090c3ea48.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// source: math.proto
 #pragma warning disable 1591, 0612, 3021
 #region Designer generated code
 
-using pb = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-using pbc = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Collections;
-using pbd = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Descriptors;
+using pb = global::Google.Protobuf;
+using pbc = global::Google.Protobuf.Collections;
+using pbr = global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection;
 using scg = global::System.Collections.Generic;
-namespace math {
+namespace Math {
 
   namespace Proto {
 
     [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
     public static partial class Math {
 
-      #region Extension registration
-      public static void RegisterAllExtensions(pb::ExtensionRegistry registry) {
-      }
-      #endregion
-      #region Static variables
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_math_DivArgs__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivArgs.Builder> internal__static_math_DivArgs__FieldAccessorTable;
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_math_DivReply__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.DivReply, global::math.DivReply.Builder> internal__static_math_DivReply__FieldAccessorTable;
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_math_FibArgs__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.FibArgs, global::math.FibArgs.Builder> internal__static_math_FibArgs__FieldAccessorTable;
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_math_Num__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.Num, global::math.Num.Builder> internal__static_math_Num__FieldAccessorTable;
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_math_FibReply__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.FibReply, global::math.FibReply.Builder> internal__static_math_FibReply__FieldAccessorTable;
-      #endregion
       #region Descriptor
-      public static pbd::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
+      public static pbr::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
         get { return descriptor; }
       }
-      private static pbd::FileDescriptor descriptor;
+      private static pbr::FileDescriptor descriptor;
 
       static Math() {
         byte[] descriptorData = global::System.Convert.FromBase64String(
             string.Concat(
-              "CgptYXRoLnByb3RvEgRtYXRoIiwKB0RpdkFyZ3MSEAoIZGl2aWRlbmQYASAB",
-              "KAMSDwoHZGl2aXNvchgCIAEoAyIvCghEaXZSZXBseRIQCghxdW90aWVudBgB",
-              "IAEoAxIRCglyZW1haW5kZXIYAiABKAMiGAoHRmliQXJncxINCgVsaW1pdBgB",
-              "IAEoAyISCgNOdW0SCwoDbnVtGAEgASgDIhkKCEZpYlJlcGx5Eg0KBWNvdW50",
-              "GAEgASgDMqQBCgRNYXRoEiYKA0RpdhINLm1hdGguRGl2QXJncxoOLm1hdGgu",
-              "RGl2UmVwbHkiABIuCgdEaXZNYW55Eg0ubWF0aC5EaXZBcmdzGg4ubWF0aC5E",
-              "aXZSZXBseSIAKAEwARIjCgNGaWISDS5tYXRoLkZpYkFyZ3MaCS5tYXRoLk51",
-            "bSIAMAESHwoDU3VtEgkubWF0aC5OdW0aCS5tYXRoLk51bSIAKAE="));
-        pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalDescriptorAssigner assigner = delegate(pbd::FileDescriptor root) {
-          descriptor = root;
-          internal__static_math_DivArgs__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[0];
-          internal__static_math_DivArgs__FieldAccessorTable =
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivArgs.Builder>(internal__static_math_DivArgs__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Dividend", "Divisor", });
-          internal__static_math_DivReply__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[1];
-          internal__static_math_DivReply__FieldAccessorTable =
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.DivReply, global::math.DivReply.Builder>(internal__static_math_DivReply__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Quotient", "Remainder", });
-          internal__static_math_FibArgs__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[2];
-          internal__static_math_FibArgs__FieldAccessorTable =
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.FibArgs, global::math.FibArgs.Builder>(internal__static_math_FibArgs__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Limit", });
-          internal__static_math_Num__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[3];
-          internal__static_math_Num__FieldAccessorTable =
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.Num, global::math.Num.Builder>(internal__static_math_Num__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Num_", });
-          internal__static_math_FibReply__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[4];
-          internal__static_math_FibReply__FieldAccessorTable =
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::math.FibReply, global::math.FibReply.Builder>(internal__static_math_FibReply__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Count", });
-          pb::ExtensionRegistry registry = pb::ExtensionRegistry.CreateInstance();
-          RegisterAllExtensions(registry);
-          return registry;
-        };
-        pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
-            new pbd::FileDescriptor[] {
-            }, assigner);
+              "CgptYXRoLnByb3RvEgRtYXRoIiwKB0RpdkFyZ3MSEAoIZGl2aWRlbmQYASAB", 
+              "KAMSDwoHZGl2aXNvchgCIAEoAyIvCghEaXZSZXBseRIQCghxdW90aWVudBgB", 
+              "IAEoAxIRCglyZW1haW5kZXIYAiABKAMiGAoHRmliQXJncxINCgVsaW1pdBgB", 
+              "IAEoAyISCgNOdW0SCwoDbnVtGAEgASgDIhkKCEZpYlJlcGx5Eg0KBWNvdW50", 
+              "GAEgASgDMqQBCgRNYXRoEiYKA0RpdhINLm1hdGguRGl2QXJncxoOLm1hdGgu", 
+              "RGl2UmVwbHkiABIuCgdEaXZNYW55Eg0ubWF0aC5EaXZBcmdzGg4ubWF0aC5E", 
+              "aXZSZXBseSIAKAEwARIjCgNGaWISDS5tYXRoLkZpYkFyZ3MaCS5tYXRoLk51", 
+              "bSIAMAESHwoDU3VtEgkubWF0aC5OdW0aCS5tYXRoLk51bSIAKAFiBnByb3Rv", 
+              "Mw=="));
+        descriptor = pbr::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
+            new pbr::FileDescriptor[] { },
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(null, new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo[] {
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Math.DivArgs), new[]{ "Dividend", "Divisor" }, null, null, null),
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Math.DivReply), new[]{ "Quotient", "Remainder" }, null, null, null),
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Math.FibArgs), new[]{ "Limit" }, null, null, null),
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Math.Num), new[]{ "Num_" }, null, null, null),
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Math.FibReply), new[]{ "Count" }, null, null, null)
+            }));
       }
       #endregion
 
@@ -82,1448 +48,567 @@ namespace math {
   }
   #region Messages
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class DivArgs : pb::GeneratedMessage<DivArgs, DivArgs.Builder> {
-    private DivArgs() { }
-    private static readonly DivArgs defaultInstance = new DivArgs().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _divArgsFieldNames = new string[] { "dividend", "divisor" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _divArgsFieldTags = new uint[] { 8, 16 };
-    public static DivArgs DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class DivArgs : pb::IMessage<DivArgs> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<DivArgs> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<DivArgs>(() => new DivArgs());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<DivArgs> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Math.Proto.Math.Descriptor.MessageTypes[0]; }
     }
 
-    public override DivArgs DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override DivArgs ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public DivArgs() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_DivArgs__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public DivArgs(DivArgs other) : this() {
+      dividend_ = other.dividend_;
+      divisor_ = other.divisor_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<DivArgs, DivArgs.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_DivArgs__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public DivArgs Clone() {
+      return new DivArgs(this);
     }
 
     public const int DividendFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasDividend;
     private long dividend_;
-    public bool HasDividend {
-      get { return hasDividend; }
-    }
     public long Dividend {
       get { return dividend_; }
+      set {
+        dividend_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int DivisorFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasDivisor;
     private long divisor_;
-    public bool HasDivisor {
-      get { return hasDivisor; }
-    }
     public long Divisor {
       get { return divisor_; }
+      set {
+        divisor_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as DivArgs);
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _divArgsFieldNames;
-      if (hasDividend) {
-        output.WriteInt64(1, field_names[0], Dividend);
+    public bool Equals(DivArgs other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
-      if (hasDivisor) {
-        output.WriteInt64(2, field_names[1], Divisor);
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+      if (Dividend != other.Dividend) return false;
+      if (Divisor != other.Divisor) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasDividend) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(1, Dividend);
-        }
-        if (hasDivisor) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(2, Divisor);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
-      }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Dividend != 0L) hash ^= Dividend.GetHashCode();
+      if (Divisor != 0L) hash ^= Divisor.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
-    public static DivArgs ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivArgs ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private DivArgs MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
-    }
-
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(DivArgs prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
-    }
-
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<DivArgs, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(DivArgs cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private DivArgs result;
-
-      private DivArgs PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          DivArgs original = result;
-          result = new DivArgs();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
 
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Dividend != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt64(Dividend);
       }
-
-      protected override DivArgs MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::math.DivArgs.Descriptor; }
+      if (Divisor != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(16);
+        output.WriteInt64(Divisor);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override DivArgs DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::math.DivArgs.DefaultInstance; }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Dividend != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Dividend);
       }
-
-      public override DivArgs BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+      if (Divisor != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Divisor);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is DivArgs) {
-          return MergeFrom((DivArgs) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public void MergeFrom(DivArgs other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(DivArgs other) {
-        if (other == global::math.DivArgs.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasDividend) {
-          Dividend = other.Dividend;
-        }
-        if (other.HasDivisor) {
-          Divisor = other.Divisor;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+      if (other.Dividend != 0L) {
+        Dividend = other.Dividend;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Divisor != 0L) {
+        Divisor = other.Divisor;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_divArgsFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _divArgsFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            Dividend = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasDividend = input.ReadInt64(ref result.dividend_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 16: {
-              result.hasDivisor = input.ReadInt64(ref result.divisor_);
-              break;
-            }
+          case 16: {
+            Divisor = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasDividend {
-        get { return result.hasDividend; }
-      }
-      public long Dividend {
-        get { return result.Dividend; }
-        set { SetDividend(value); }
       }
-      public Builder SetDividend(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasDividend = true;
-        result.dividend_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearDividend() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasDividend = false;
-        result.dividend_ = 0L;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasDivisor {
-        get { return result.hasDivisor; }
-      }
-      public long Divisor {
-        get { return result.Divisor; }
-        set { SetDivisor(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetDivisor(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasDivisor = true;
-        result.divisor_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearDivisor() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasDivisor = false;
-        result.divisor_ = 0L;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static DivArgs() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::math.Proto.Math.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class DivReply : pb::GeneratedMessage<DivReply, DivReply.Builder> {
-    private DivReply() { }
-    private static readonly DivReply defaultInstance = new DivReply().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _divReplyFieldNames = new string[] { "quotient", "remainder" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _divReplyFieldTags = new uint[] { 8, 16 };
-    public static DivReply DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class DivReply : pb::IMessage<DivReply> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<DivReply> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<DivReply>(() => new DivReply());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<DivReply> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Math.Proto.Math.Descriptor.MessageTypes[1]; }
     }
 
-    public override DivReply DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override DivReply ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public DivReply() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_DivReply__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public DivReply(DivReply other) : this() {
+      quotient_ = other.quotient_;
+      remainder_ = other.remainder_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<DivReply, DivReply.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_DivReply__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public DivReply Clone() {
+      return new DivReply(this);
     }
 
     public const int QuotientFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasQuotient;
     private long quotient_;
-    public bool HasQuotient {
-      get { return hasQuotient; }
-    }
     public long Quotient {
       get { return quotient_; }
+      set {
+        quotient_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int RemainderFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasRemainder;
     private long remainder_;
-    public bool HasRemainder {
-      get { return hasRemainder; }
-    }
     public long Remainder {
       get { return remainder_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        remainder_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _divReplyFieldNames;
-      if (hasQuotient) {
-        output.WriteInt64(1, field_names[0], Quotient);
-      }
-      if (hasRemainder) {
-        output.WriteInt64(2, field_names[1], Remainder);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as DivReply);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasQuotient) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(1, Quotient);
-        }
-        if (hasRemainder) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(2, Remainder);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(DivReply other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (Quotient != other.Quotient) return false;
+      if (Remainder != other.Remainder) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static DivReply ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private DivReply MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Quotient != 0L) hash ^= Quotient.GetHashCode();
+      if (Remainder != 0L) hash ^= Remainder.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(DivReply prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<DivReply, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(DivReply cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private DivReply result;
-
-      private DivReply PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          DivReply original = result;
-          result = new DivReply();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override DivReply MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Quotient != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt64(Quotient);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::math.DivReply.Descriptor; }
+      if (Remainder != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(16);
+        output.WriteInt64(Remainder);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override DivReply DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::math.DivReply.DefaultInstance; }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Quotient != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Quotient);
       }
-
-      public override DivReply BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+      if (Remainder != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Remainder);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is DivReply) {
-          return MergeFrom((DivReply) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public void MergeFrom(DivReply other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(DivReply other) {
-        if (other == global::math.DivReply.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasQuotient) {
-          Quotient = other.Quotient;
-        }
-        if (other.HasRemainder) {
-          Remainder = other.Remainder;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+      if (other.Quotient != 0L) {
+        Quotient = other.Quotient;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Remainder != 0L) {
+        Remainder = other.Remainder;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_divReplyFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _divReplyFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            Quotient = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasQuotient = input.ReadInt64(ref result.quotient_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 16: {
-              result.hasRemainder = input.ReadInt64(ref result.remainder_);
-              break;
-            }
+          case 16: {
+            Remainder = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasQuotient {
-        get { return result.hasQuotient; }
-      }
-      public long Quotient {
-        get { return result.Quotient; }
-        set { SetQuotient(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetQuotient(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasQuotient = true;
-        result.quotient_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearQuotient() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasQuotient = false;
-        result.quotient_ = 0L;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasRemainder {
-        get { return result.hasRemainder; }
-      }
-      public long Remainder {
-        get { return result.Remainder; }
-        set { SetRemainder(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetRemainder(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasRemainder = true;
-        result.remainder_ = value;
-        return this;
       }
-      public Builder ClearRemainder() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasRemainder = false;
-        result.remainder_ = 0L;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static DivReply() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::math.Proto.Math.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class FibArgs : pb::GeneratedMessage<FibArgs, FibArgs.Builder> {
-    private FibArgs() { }
-    private static readonly FibArgs defaultInstance = new FibArgs().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _fibArgsFieldNames = new string[] { "limit" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _fibArgsFieldTags = new uint[] { 8 };
-    public static FibArgs DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class FibArgs : pb::IMessage<FibArgs> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<FibArgs> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<FibArgs>(() => new FibArgs());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<FibArgs> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Math.Proto.Math.Descriptor.MessageTypes[2]; }
     }
 
-    public override FibArgs DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override FibArgs ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public FibArgs() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_FibArgs__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public FibArgs(FibArgs other) : this() {
+      limit_ = other.limit_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<FibArgs, FibArgs.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_FibArgs__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public FibArgs Clone() {
+      return new FibArgs(this);
     }
 
     public const int LimitFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasLimit;
     private long limit_;
-    public bool HasLimit {
-      get { return hasLimit; }
-    }
     public long Limit {
       get { return limit_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        limit_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _fibArgsFieldNames;
-      if (hasLimit) {
-        output.WriteInt64(1, field_names[0], Limit);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as FibArgs);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasLimit) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(1, Limit);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(FibArgs other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (Limit != other.Limit) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibArgs ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private FibArgs MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Limit != 0L) hash ^= Limit.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(FibArgs prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<FibArgs, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(FibArgs cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private FibArgs result;
-
-      private FibArgs PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          FibArgs original = result;
-          result = new FibArgs();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override FibArgs MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::math.FibArgs.Descriptor; }
-      }
-
-      public override FibArgs DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::math.FibArgs.DefaultInstance; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Limit != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt64(Limit);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override FibArgs BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is FibArgs) {
-          return MergeFrom((FibArgs) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Limit != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Limit);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(FibArgs other) {
-        if (other == global::math.FibArgs.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasLimit) {
-          Limit = other.Limit;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+    public void MergeFrom(FibArgs other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Limit != 0L) {
+        Limit = other.Limit;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_fibArgsFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _fibArgsFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            Limit = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasLimit = input.ReadInt64(ref result.limit_);
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
         }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasLimit {
-        get { return result.hasLimit; }
-      }
-      public long Limit {
-        get { return result.Limit; }
-        set { SetLimit(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetLimit(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasLimit = true;
-        result.limit_ = value;
-        return this;
       }
-      public Builder ClearLimit() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasLimit = false;
-        result.limit_ = 0L;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static FibArgs() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::math.Proto.Math.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class Num : pb::GeneratedMessage<Num, Num.Builder> {
-    private Num() { }
-    private static readonly Num defaultInstance = new Num().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _numFieldNames = new string[] { "num" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _numFieldTags = new uint[] { 8 };
-    public static Num DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class Num : pb::IMessage<Num> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<Num> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<Num>(() => new Num());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<Num> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Math.Proto.Math.Descriptor.MessageTypes[3]; }
     }
 
-    public override Num DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override Num ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public Num() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_Num__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public Num(Num other) : this() {
+      num_ = other.num_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<Num, Num.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_Num__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public Num Clone() {
+      return new Num(this);
     }
 
     public const int Num_FieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasNum_;
     private long num_;
-    public bool HasNum_ {
-      get { return hasNum_; }
-    }
     public long Num_ {
       get { return num_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        num_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _numFieldNames;
-      if (hasNum_) {
-        output.WriteInt64(1, field_names[0], Num_);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as Num);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasNum_) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(1, Num_);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(Num other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (Num_ != other.Num_) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static Num ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Num ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private Num MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Num_ != 0L) hash ^= Num_.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(Num prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<Num, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(Num cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private Num result;
-
-      private Num PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          Num original = result;
-          result = new Num();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override Num MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::math.Num.Descriptor; }
-      }
-
-      public override Num DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::math.Num.DefaultInstance; }
-      }
-
-      public override Num BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Num_ != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt64(Num_);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is Num) {
-          return MergeFrom((Num) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Num_ != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Num_);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(Num other) {
-        if (other == global::math.Num.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasNum_) {
-          Num_ = other.Num_;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+    public void MergeFrom(Num other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Num_ != 0L) {
+        Num_ = other.Num_;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_numFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _numFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
-          }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasNum_ = input.ReadInt64(ref result.num_);
-              break;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            Num_ = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasNum_ {
-        get { return result.hasNum_; }
-      }
-      public long Num_ {
-        get { return result.Num_; }
-        set { SetNum_(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetNum_(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasNum_ = true;
-        result.num_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearNum_() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasNum_ = false;
-        result.num_ = 0L;
-        return this;
       }
     }
-    static Num() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::math.Proto.Math.Descriptor, null);
-    }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class FibReply : pb::GeneratedMessage<FibReply, FibReply.Builder> {
-    private FibReply() { }
-    private static readonly FibReply defaultInstance = new FibReply().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _fibReplyFieldNames = new string[] { "count" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _fibReplyFieldTags = new uint[] { 8 };
-    public static FibReply DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class FibReply : pb::IMessage<FibReply> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<FibReply> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<FibReply>(() => new FibReply());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<FibReply> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Math.Proto.Math.Descriptor.MessageTypes[4]; }
     }
 
-    public override FibReply DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override FibReply ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public FibReply() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_FibReply__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public FibReply(FibReply other) : this() {
+      count_ = other.count_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<FibReply, FibReply.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::math.Proto.Math.internal__static_math_FibReply__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public FibReply Clone() {
+      return new FibReply(this);
     }
 
     public const int CountFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasCount;
     private long count_;
-    public bool HasCount {
-      get { return hasCount; }
-    }
     public long Count {
       get { return count_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        count_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _fibReplyFieldNames;
-      if (hasCount) {
-        output.WriteInt64(1, field_names[0], Count);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as FibReply);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasCount) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(1, Count);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(FibReply other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
+      if (Count != other.Count) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static FibReply ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private FibReply MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Count != 0L) hash ^= Count.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(FibReply prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<FibReply, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(FibReply cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private FibReply result;
-
-      private FibReply PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          FibReply original = result;
-          result = new FibReply();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override FibReply MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::math.FibReply.Descriptor; }
-      }
-
-      public override FibReply DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::math.FibReply.DefaultInstance; }
-      }
-
-      public override FibReply BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Count != 0L) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt64(Count);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is FibReply) {
-          return MergeFrom((FibReply) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Count != 0L) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt64Size(Count);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(FibReply other) {
-        if (other == global::math.FibReply.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasCount) {
-          Count = other.Count;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+    public void MergeFrom(FibReply other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Count != 0L) {
+        Count = other.Count;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_fibReplyFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _fibReplyFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
-          }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasCount = input.ReadInt64(ref result.count_);
-              break;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            Count = input.ReadInt64();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
       }
-
-
-      public bool HasCount {
-        get { return result.hasCount; }
-      }
-      public long Count {
-        get { return result.Count; }
-        set { SetCount(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetCount(long value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasCount = true;
-        result.count_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearCount() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasCount = false;
-        result.count_ = 0L;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static FibReply() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::math.Proto.Math.Descriptor, null);
     }
-  }
 
-  #endregion
+  }
 
-  #region Services
-  /*
-  * Service generation is now disabled by default, use the following option to enable:
-  * option (google.protobuf.csharp_file_options).service_generator_type = GENERIC;
-  */
   #endregion
 
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathExamples.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathExamples.cs
index dc1bf43995..8009ccbbfa 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathExamples.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathExamples.cs
@@ -34,25 +34,25 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 
-namespace math
+namespace Math
 {
     public static class MathExamples
     {
         public static void DivExample(Math.IMathClient client)
         {
-            DivReply result = client.Div(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 }.Build());
+            DivReply result = client.Div(new DivArgs { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 });
             Console.WriteLine("Div Result: " + result);
         }
 
         public static async Task DivAsyncExample(Math.IMathClient client)
         {
-            DivReply result = await client.DivAsync(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 4, Divisor = 5 }.Build());
+            DivReply result = await client.DivAsync(new DivArgs { Dividend = 4, Divisor = 5 });
             Console.WriteLine("DivAsync Result: " + result);
         }
 
         public static async Task FibExample(Math.IMathClient client)
         {
-            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs.Builder { Limit = 5 }.Build()))
+            using (var call = client.Fib(new FibArgs { Limit = 5 }))
             {
                 List<Num> result = await call.ResponseStream.ToListAsync();
                 Console.WriteLine("Fib Result: " + string.Join("|", result));
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ namespace math
         {
             var numbers = new List<Num>
             {
-                new Num.Builder { Num_ = 1 }.Build(),
-                new Num.Builder { Num_ = 2 }.Build(),
-                new Num.Builder { Num_ = 3 }.Build()
+                new Num { Num_ = 1 },
+                new Num { Num_ = 2 },
+                new Num { Num_ = 3 }
             };
 
             using (var call = client.Sum())
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ namespace math
         {
             var divArgsList = new List<DivArgs>
             {
-                new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 }.Build(),
-                new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 100, Divisor = 21 }.Build(),
-                new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = 7, Divisor = 2 }.Build()
+                new DivArgs { Dividend = 10, Divisor = 3 },
+                new DivArgs { Dividend = 100, Divisor = 21 },
+                new DivArgs { Dividend = 7, Divisor = 2 }
             };
             using (var call = client.DivMany())
             { 
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ namespace math
         {
             var numbers = new List<Num>
             {
-                new Num.Builder { Num_ = 1 }.Build(), 
-                new Num.Builder { Num_ = 2 }.Build(),
-                new Num.Builder { Num_ = 3 }.Build()
+                new Num { Num_ = 1 }, 
+                new Num { Num_ = 2 },
+                new Num { Num_ = 3 }
             };
 
             Num sum;
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ namespace math
                 sum = await sumCall.ResponseAsync;
             }
 
-            DivReply result = await client.DivAsync(new DivArgs.Builder { Dividend = sum.Num_, Divisor = numbers.Count }.Build());
+            DivReply result = await client.DivAsync(new DivArgs { Dividend = sum.Num_, Divisor = numbers.Count });
             Console.WriteLine("Avg Result: " + result);
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathGrpc.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathGrpc.cs
index 4941ff35f7..175d110f76 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathGrpc.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathGrpc.cs
@@ -7,66 +7,72 @@ using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Grpc.Core;
 
-namespace math {
+namespace Math {
   public static class Math
   {
     static readonly string __ServiceName = "math.Math";
 
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::math.DivArgs> __Marshaller_DivArgs = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::math.DivArgs.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::math.DivReply> __Marshaller_DivReply = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::math.DivReply.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::math.FibArgs> __Marshaller_FibArgs = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::math.FibArgs.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::math.Num> __Marshaller_Num = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::math.Num.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Math.DivArgs> __Marshaller_DivArgs = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Math.DivArgs.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Math.DivReply> __Marshaller_DivReply = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Math.DivReply.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Math.FibArgs> __Marshaller_FibArgs = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Math.FibArgs.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Math.Num> __Marshaller_Num = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Math.Num.Parser.ParseFrom);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply> __Method_Div = new Method<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply> __Method_Div = new Method<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply>(
         MethodType.Unary,
         __ServiceName,
         "Div",
         __Marshaller_DivArgs,
         __Marshaller_DivReply);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply> __Method_DivMany = new Method<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply> __Method_DivMany = new Method<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply>(
         MethodType.DuplexStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "DivMany",
         __Marshaller_DivArgs,
         __Marshaller_DivReply);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::math.FibArgs, global::math.Num> __Method_Fib = new Method<global::math.FibArgs, global::math.Num>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Math.FibArgs, global::Math.Num> __Method_Fib = new Method<global::Math.FibArgs, global::Math.Num>(
         MethodType.ServerStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "Fib",
         __Marshaller_FibArgs,
         __Marshaller_Num);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::math.Num, global::math.Num> __Method_Sum = new Method<global::math.Num, global::math.Num>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Math.Num, global::Math.Num> __Method_Sum = new Method<global::Math.Num, global::Math.Num>(
         MethodType.ClientStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "Sum",
         __Marshaller_Num,
         __Marshaller_Num);
 
+    // service descriptor
+    public static global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection.ServiceDescriptor Descriptor
+    {
+      get { return global::Math.Proto.Math.Descriptor.Services[0]; }
+    }
+
     // client interface
     public interface IMathClient
     {
-      global::math.DivReply Div(global::math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      global::math.DivReply Div(global::math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncUnaryCall<global::math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncUnaryCall<global::math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply> DivMany(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply> DivMany(CallOptions options);
-      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::math.Num> Fib(global::math.FibArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::math.Num> Fib(global::math.FibArgs request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::math.Num, global::math.Num> Sum(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::math.Num, global::math.Num> Sum(CallOptions options);
+      global::Math.DivReply Div(global::Math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      global::Math.DivReply Div(global::Math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncUnaryCall<global::Math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::Math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncUnaryCall<global::Math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::Math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply> DivMany(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply> DivMany(CallOptions options);
+      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Math.Num> Fib(global::Math.FibArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Math.Num> Fib(global::Math.FibArgs request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Math.Num, global::Math.Num> Sum(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Math.Num, global::Math.Num> Sum(CallOptions options);
     }
 
     // server-side interface
     public interface IMath
     {
-      Task<global::math.DivReply> Div(global::math.DivArgs request, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task DivMany(IAsyncStreamReader<global::math.DivArgs> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<global::math.DivReply> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task Fib(global::math.FibArgs request, IServerStreamWriter<global::math.Num> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task<global::math.Num> Sum(IAsyncStreamReader<global::math.Num> requestStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task<global::Math.DivReply> Div(global::Math.DivArgs request, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task DivMany(IAsyncStreamReader<global::Math.DivArgs> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<global::Math.DivReply> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task Fib(global::Math.FibArgs request, IServerStreamWriter<global::Math.Num> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task<global::Math.Num> Sum(IAsyncStreamReader<global::Math.Num> requestStream, ServerCallContext context);
     }
 
     // client stub
@@ -75,52 +81,52 @@ namespace math {
       public MathClient(Channel channel) : base(channel)
       {
       }
-      public global::math.DivReply Div(global::math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public global::Math.DivReply Div(global::Math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Div, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public global::math.DivReply Div(global::math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options)
+      public global::Math.DivReply Div(global::Math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Div, options);
         return Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::Math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::Math.DivArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Div, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::Math.DivReply> DivAsync(global::Math.DivArgs request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Div, options);
         return Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply> DivMany(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply> DivMany(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_DivMany, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::math.DivArgs, global::math.DivReply> DivMany(CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Math.DivArgs, global::Math.DivReply> DivMany(CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_DivMany, options);
         return Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::math.Num> Fib(global::math.FibArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Math.Num> Fib(global::Math.FibArgs request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Fib, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncServerStreamingCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::math.Num> Fib(global::math.FibArgs request, CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Math.Num> Fib(global::Math.FibArgs request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Fib, options);
         return Calls.AsyncServerStreamingCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::math.Num, global::math.Num> Sum(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Math.Num, global::Math.Num> Sum(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Sum, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::math.Num, global::math.Num> Sum(CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Math.Num, global::Math.Num> Sum(CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_Sum, options);
         return Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(call);
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathServiceImpl.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathServiceImpl.cs
index 7b2684615c..71dc655e46 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathServiceImpl.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/MathServiceImpl.cs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 
-namespace math
+namespace Math
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Implementation of MathService server
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ namespace math
             {
                 sum += num.Num_;
             });
-            return Num.CreateBuilder().SetNum_(sum).Build();
+            return new Num { Num_ = sum };
         }
 
         public async Task DivMany(IAsyncStreamReader<DivArgs> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<DivReply> responseStream, ServerCallContext context)
@@ -91,13 +91,13 @@ namespace math
         {
             long quotient = args.Dividend / args.Divisor;
             long remainder = args.Dividend % args.Divisor;
-            return new DivReply.Builder { Quotient = quotient, Remainder = remainder }.Build();
+            return new DivReply { Quotient = quotient, Remainder = remainder };
         }
 
         static IEnumerable<Num> FibInternal(long n)
         {
             long a = 1;
-            yield return new Num.Builder { Num_ = a }.Build();
+            yield return new Num { Num_ = a };
 
             long b = 1;
             for (long i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ namespace math
                 long temp = a;
                 a = b;
                 b = temp + b;
-                yield return new Num.Builder { Num_ = a }.Build();
+                yield return new Num { Num_ = a };
             }
         }        
     }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/packages.config b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/packages.config
index 4c8d60fa62..adf8da2363 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/packages.config
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/packages.config
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <packages>
-  <package id="Google.ProtocolBuffers" version="2.4.1.521" targetFramework="net45" />
+  <package id="Google.Protobuf" version="3.0.0-alpha4" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Ix-Async" version="1.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="NUnit" version="2.6.4" targetFramework="net45" />
 </packages>
 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/proto/math.proto b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/proto/math.proto
index 5485d580c3..311e148c02 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/proto/math.proto
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Examples/proto/math.proto
@@ -28,30 +28,30 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-syntax = "proto2";
+syntax = "proto3";
 
 package math;
 
 message DivArgs {
-  optional int64 dividend = 1;
-  optional int64 divisor = 2;
+  int64 dividend = 1;
+  int64 divisor = 2;
 }
 
 message DivReply {
-  optional int64 quotient = 1;
-  optional int64 remainder = 2;
+  int64 quotient = 1;
+  int64 remainder = 2;
 }
 
 message FibArgs {
-  optional int64 limit = 1;
+  int64 limit = 1;
 }
 
 message Num {
-  optional int64 num = 1;
+  int64 num = 1;
 }
 
 message FibReply {
-  optional int64 count = 1;
+  int64 count = 1;
 }
 
 service Math {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj
index c922ddfb9e..396dc43a02 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests.csproj
@@ -37,11 +37,9 @@
     <AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>C:\keys\Grpc.snk</AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.555\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers.Serialization">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.555\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.Serialization.dll</HintPath>
+    <Reference Include="Google.Protobuf, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=a7d26565bac4d604, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
+      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.Protobuf.3.0.0-alpha4\lib\portable-net45+netcore45+wpa81+wp8\Google.Protobuf.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
     <Reference Include="nunit.framework">
       <HintPath>..\packages\NUnit.2.6.4\lib\nunit.framework.dll</HintPath>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthClientServerTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthClientServerTest.cs
index 80c35fb197..6c3a53bec0 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthClientServerTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthClientServerTest.cs
@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ namespace Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests
         {
             serviceImpl.SetStatus("", "", HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.SERVING);
 
-            var response = client.Check(HealthCheckRequest.CreateBuilder().SetHost("").SetService("").Build());
+            var response = client.Check(new HealthCheckRequest { Host = "", Service = "" });
             Assert.AreEqual(HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.SERVING, response.Status);
         }
 
         [Test]
         public void ServiceDoesntExist()
         {
-            Assert.Throws(Is.TypeOf(typeof(RpcException)).And.Property("Status").Property("StatusCode").EqualTo(StatusCode.NotFound), () => client.Check(HealthCheckRequest.CreateBuilder().SetHost("").SetService("nonexistent.service").Build()));
+            Assert.Throws(Is.TypeOf(typeof(RpcException)).And.Property("Status").Property("StatusCode").EqualTo(StatusCode.NotFound), () => client.Check(new HealthCheckRequest { Host = "", Service = "nonexistent.service" }));
         }
 
         // TODO(jtattermusch): add test with timeout once timeouts are supported
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthServiceImplTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthServiceImplTest.cs
index c4caa3b57a..2097c0dc8c 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthServiceImplTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/HealthServiceImplTest.cs
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ namespace Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests
 
         private static HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus GetStatusHelper(HealthServiceImpl impl, string host, string service)
         {
-            return impl.Check(HealthCheckRequest.CreateBuilder().SetHost(host).SetService(service).Build(), null).Result.Status;
+            return impl.Check(new HealthCheckRequest { Host = host, Service = service }, null).Result.Status;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/packages.config b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/packages.config
index 050c4eaed6..40ffb85203 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/packages.config
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck.Tests/packages.config
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <packages>
-  <package id="Google.ProtocolBuffers" version="2.4.1.555" targetFramework="net45" />
+  <package id="Google.Protobuf" version="3.0.0-alpha4" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="NUnit" version="2.6.4" targetFramework="net45" />
 </packages>
 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj
index 0b7a7b91c6..8fce5d39aa 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.csproj
@@ -38,11 +38,9 @@
     <AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>C:\keys\Grpc.snk</AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.555\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers.Serialization">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.555\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.Serialization.dll</HintPath>
+    <Reference Include="Google.Protobuf, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=a7d26565bac4d604, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
+      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.Protobuf.3.0.0-alpha4\lib\portable-net45+netcore45+wpa81+wp8\Google.Protobuf.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System" />
     <Reference Include="System.Core" />
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.nuspec b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.nuspec
index acdfba42c8..66386288df 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.nuspec
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Grpc.HealthCheck.nuspec
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     <copyright>Copyright 2015, Google Inc.</copyright>
     <tags>gRPC health check</tags>
 	<dependencies>
-	  <dependency id="Google.ProtocolBuffers" version="2.4.1.555" />
+	  <dependency id="Google.Protobuf" version="$ProtobufVersion$" />
 	  <dependency id="Grpc.Core" version="$version$" />
 	  <dependency id="Ix-Async" version="1.2.3" />
     </dependencies>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Health.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Health.cs
index 361382d4bd..570e274544 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Health.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/Health.cs
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 #pragma warning disable 1591, 0612, 3021
 #region Designer generated code
 
-using pb = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-using pbc = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Collections;
-using pbd = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Descriptors;
+using pb = global::Google.Protobuf;
+using pbc = global::Google.Protobuf.Collections;
+using pbr = global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection;
 using scg = global::System.Collections.Generic;
 namespace Grpc.Health.V1Alpha {
 
@@ -14,21 +14,11 @@ namespace Grpc.Health.V1Alpha {
     [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
     public static partial class Health {
 
-      #region Extension registration
-      public static void RegisterAllExtensions(pb::ExtensionRegistry registry) {
-      }
-      #endregion
-      #region Static variables
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest, global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.Builder> internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__FieldAccessorTable;
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse, global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Builder> internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__FieldAccessorTable;
-      #endregion
       #region Descriptor
-      public static pbd::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
+      public static pbr::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
         get { return descriptor; }
       }
-      private static pbd::FileDescriptor descriptor;
+      private static pbr::FileDescriptor descriptor;
 
       static Health() {
         byte[] descriptorData = global::System.Convert.FromBase64String(
@@ -41,24 +31,13 @@ namespace Grpc.Health.V1Alpha {
               "EAESDwoLTk9UX1NFUlZJTkcQAjJkCgZIZWFsdGgSWgoFQ2hlY2sSJy5ncnBj", 
               "LmhlYWx0aC52MWFscGhhLkhlYWx0aENoZWNrUmVxdWVzdBooLmdycGMuaGVh", 
               "bHRoLnYxYWxwaGEuSGVhbHRoQ2hlY2tSZXNwb25zZUIWqgITR3JwYy5IZWFs", 
-            "dGguVjFBbHBoYQ=="));
-        pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalDescriptorAssigner assigner = delegate(pbd::FileDescriptor root) {
-          descriptor = root;
-          internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[0];
-          internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__FieldAccessorTable = 
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest, global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Host", "Service", });
-          internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[1];
-          internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__FieldAccessorTable = 
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse, global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { "Status", });
-          pb::ExtensionRegistry registry = pb::ExtensionRegistry.CreateInstance();
-          RegisterAllExtensions(registry);
-          return registry;
-        };
-        pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
-            new pbd::FileDescriptor[] {
-            }, assigner);
+              "dGguVjFBbHBoYWIGcHJvdG8z"));
+        descriptor = pbr::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
+            new pbr::FileDescriptor[] { },
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(null, new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo[] {
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest), new[]{ "Host", "Service" }, null, null, null),
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse), new[]{ "Status" }, null, new[]{ typeof(global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus) }, null)
+            }));
       }
       #endregion
 
@@ -66,618 +45,245 @@ namespace Grpc.Health.V1Alpha {
   }
   #region Messages
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class HealthCheckRequest : pb::GeneratedMessage<HealthCheckRequest, HealthCheckRequest.Builder> {
-    private HealthCheckRequest() { }
-    private static readonly HealthCheckRequest defaultInstance = new HealthCheckRequest().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _healthCheckRequestFieldNames = new string[] { "host", "service" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _healthCheckRequestFieldTags = new uint[] { 10, 18 };
-    public static HealthCheckRequest DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class HealthCheckRequest : pb::IMessage<HealthCheckRequest> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<HealthCheckRequest> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<HealthCheckRequest>(() => new HealthCheckRequest());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<HealthCheckRequest> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.Descriptor.MessageTypes[0]; }
     }
 
-    public override HealthCheckRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override HealthCheckRequest ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public HealthCheckRequest() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public HealthCheckRequest(HealthCheckRequest other) : this() {
+      host_ = other.host_;
+      service_ = other.service_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<HealthCheckRequest, HealthCheckRequest.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckRequest__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public HealthCheckRequest Clone() {
+      return new HealthCheckRequest(this);
     }
 
     public const int HostFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasHost;
     private string host_ = "";
-    public bool HasHost {
-      get { return hasHost; }
-    }
     public string Host {
       get { return host_; }
+      set {
+        host_ = pb::Preconditions.CheckNotNull(value, "value");
+      }
     }
 
     public const int ServiceFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasService;
     private string service_ = "";
-    public bool HasService {
-      get { return hasService; }
-    }
     public string Service {
       get { return service_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      CalcSerializedSize();
-      string[] field_names = _healthCheckRequestFieldNames;
-      if (hasHost) {
-        output.WriteString(1, field_names[0], Host);
-      }
-      if (hasService) {
-        output.WriteString(2, field_names[1], Service);
+      set {
+        service_ = pb::Preconditions.CheckNotNull(value, "value");
       }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-        return CalcSerializedSize();
-      }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as HealthCheckRequest);
     }
 
-    private int CalcSerializedSize() {
-      int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-      if (size != -1) return size;
-
-      size = 0;
-      if (hasHost) {
-        size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(1, Host);
+    public bool Equals(HealthCheckRequest other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
-      if (hasService) {
-        size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(2, Service);
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
-      size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-      memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-      return size;
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private HealthCheckRequest MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+      if (Host != other.Host) return false;
+      if (Service != other.Service) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(HealthCheckRequest prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Host.Length != 0) hash ^= Host.GetHashCode();
+      if (Service.Length != 0) hash ^= Service.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<HealthCheckRequest, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(HealthCheckRequest cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private HealthCheckRequest result;
-
-      private HealthCheckRequest PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          HealthCheckRequest original = result;
-          result = new HealthCheckRequest();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override HealthCheckRequest MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
+    }
 
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Host.Length != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(10);
+        output.WriteString(Host);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.Descriptor; }
+      if (Service.Length != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(18);
+        output.WriteString(Service);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override HealthCheckRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.DefaultInstance; }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Host.Length != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(Host);
       }
-
-      public override HealthCheckRequest BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+      if (Service.Length != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(Service);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is HealthCheckRequest) {
-          return MergeFrom((HealthCheckRequest) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public void MergeFrom(HealthCheckRequest other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(HealthCheckRequest other) {
-        if (other == global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasHost) {
-          Host = other.Host;
-        }
-        if (other.HasService) {
-          Service = other.Service;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+      if (other.Host.Length != 0) {
+        Host = other.Host;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Service.Length != 0) {
+        Service = other.Service;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_healthCheckRequestFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _healthCheckRequestFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 10: {
+            Host = input.ReadString();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 10: {
-              result.hasHost = input.ReadString(ref result.host_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 18: {
-              result.hasService = input.ReadString(ref result.service_);
-              break;
-            }
+          case 18: {
+            Service = input.ReadString();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasHost {
-        get { return result.hasHost; }
-      }
-      public string Host {
-        get { return result.Host; }
-        set { SetHost(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetHost(string value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasHost = true;
-        result.host_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearHost() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasHost = false;
-        result.host_ = "";
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasService {
-        get { return result.hasService; }
-      }
-      public string Service {
-        get { return result.Service; }
-        set { SetService(value); }
       }
-      public Builder SetService(string value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasService = true;
-        result.service_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearService() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasService = false;
-        result.service_ = "";
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static HealthCheckRequest() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class HealthCheckResponse : pb::GeneratedMessage<HealthCheckResponse, HealthCheckResponse.Builder> {
-    private HealthCheckResponse() { }
-    private static readonly HealthCheckResponse defaultInstance = new HealthCheckResponse().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _healthCheckResponseFieldNames = new string[] { "status" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _healthCheckResponseFieldTags = new uint[] { 8 };
-    public static HealthCheckResponse DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
-    }
+  public sealed partial class HealthCheckResponse : pb::IMessage<HealthCheckResponse> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<HealthCheckResponse> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<HealthCheckResponse>(() => new HealthCheckResponse());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<HealthCheckResponse> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
 
-    public override HealthCheckResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.Descriptor.MessageTypes[1]; }
     }
 
-    protected override HealthCheckResponse ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__Descriptor; }
+    public HealthCheckResponse() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<HealthCheckResponse, HealthCheckResponse.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.internal__static_grpc_health_v1alpha_HealthCheckResponse__FieldAccessorTable; }
-    }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
 
-    #region Nested types
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public static partial class Types {
-      public enum ServingStatus {
-        UNKNOWN = 0,
-        SERVING = 1,
-        NOT_SERVING = 2,
-      }
+    public HealthCheckResponse(HealthCheckResponse other) : this() {
+      status_ = other.status_;
+    }
 
+    public HealthCheckResponse Clone() {
+      return new HealthCheckResponse(this);
     }
-    #endregion
 
     public const int StatusFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasStatus;
     private global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus status_ = global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.UNKNOWN;
-    public bool HasStatus {
-      get { return hasStatus; }
-    }
     public global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus Status {
       get { return status_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        status_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      CalcSerializedSize();
-      string[] field_names = _healthCheckResponseFieldNames;
-      if (hasStatus) {
-        output.WriteEnum(1, field_names[0], (int) Status, Status);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as HealthCheckResponse);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-        return CalcSerializedSize();
+    public bool Equals(HealthCheckResponse other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
-    }
-
-    private int CalcSerializedSize() {
-      int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-      if (size != -1) return size;
-
-      size = 0;
-      if (hasStatus) {
-        size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize(1, (int) Status);
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
-      size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-      memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-      return size;
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static HealthCheckResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private HealthCheckResponse MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+      if (Status != other.Status) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(HealthCheckResponse prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Status != global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.UNKNOWN) hash ^= Status.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<HealthCheckResponse, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(HealthCheckResponse cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private HealthCheckResponse result;
-
-      private HealthCheckResponse PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          HealthCheckResponse original = result;
-          result = new HealthCheckResponse();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override HealthCheckResponse MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Descriptor; }
-      }
-
-      public override HealthCheckResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.DefaultInstance; }
-      }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
+    }
 
-      public override HealthCheckResponse BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Status != global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.UNKNOWN) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteEnum((int) Status);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is HealthCheckResponse) {
-          return MergeFrom((HealthCheckResponse) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Status != global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.UNKNOWN) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize((int) Status);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(HealthCheckResponse other) {
-        if (other == global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasStatus) {
-          Status = other.Status;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
+    public void MergeFrom(HealthCheckResponse other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+      if (other.Status != global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.UNKNOWN) {
+        Status = other.Status;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_healthCheckResponseFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _healthCheckResponseFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            status_ = (global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus) input.ReadEnum();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              object unknown;
-              if(input.ReadEnum(ref result.status_, out unknown)) {
-                result.hasStatus = true;
-              } else if(unknown is int) {
-                if (unknownFields == null) {
-                  unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-                }
-                unknownFields.MergeVarintField(1, (ulong)(int)unknown);
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
         }
-        return this;
       }
+    }
 
-
-      public bool HasStatus {
-       get { return result.hasStatus; }
-      }
-      public global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus Status {
-        get { return result.Status; }
-        set { SetStatus(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetStatus(global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasStatus = true;
-        result.status_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearStatus() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasStatus = false;
-        result.status_ = global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus.UNKNOWN;
-        return this;
+    #region Nested types
+    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
+    public static partial class Types {
+      public enum ServingStatus {
+        UNKNOWN = 0,
+        SERVING = 1,
+        NOT_SERVING = 2,
       }
+
     }
-    static HealthCheckResponse() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.Descriptor, null);
-    }
+    #endregion
+
   }
 
   #endregion
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthGrpc.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthGrpc.cs
index 0dabc91f7c..da721ce5f6 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthGrpc.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthGrpc.cs
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ namespace Grpc.Health.V1Alpha {
   {
     static readonly string __ServiceName = "grpc.health.v1alpha.Health";
 
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest> __Marshaller_HealthCheckRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse> __Marshaller_HealthCheckResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest> __Marshaller_HealthCheckRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse> __Marshaller_HealthCheckResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse.Parser.ParseFrom);
 
     static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest, global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse> __Method_Check = new Method<global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckRequest, global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.HealthCheckResponse>(
         MethodType.Unary,
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ namespace Grpc.Health.V1Alpha {
         __Marshaller_HealthCheckRequest,
         __Marshaller_HealthCheckResponse);
 
+    // service descriptor
+    public static global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection.ServiceDescriptor Descriptor
+    {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Health.V1Alpha.Proto.Health.Descriptor.Services[0]; }
+    }
+
     // client interface
     public interface IHealthClient
     {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthServiceImpl.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthServiceImpl.cs
index 3c3b9c35f1..26c6445c35 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthServiceImpl.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/HealthServiceImpl.cs
@@ -95,12 +95,18 @@ namespace Grpc.HealthCheck
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Performs a health status check.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="request">The check request.</param>
+        /// <param name="context">The call context.</param>
+        /// <returns>The asynchronous response.</returns>
         public Task<HealthCheckResponse> Check(HealthCheckRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
         {
             lock (myLock)
             {
-                var host = request.HasHost ? request.Host : "";
-                var service = request.HasService ? request.Service : "";
+                var host = request.Host;
+                var service = request.Service;
 
                 HealthCheckResponse.Types.ServingStatus status;
                 if (!statusMap.TryGetValue(CreateKey(host, service), out status))
@@ -108,7 +114,7 @@ namespace Grpc.HealthCheck
                     // TODO(jtattermusch): returning specific status from server handler is not supported yet.
                     throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.NotFound, ""));
                 }
-                return Task.FromResult(HealthCheckResponse.CreateBuilder().SetStatus(status).Build());
+                return Task.FromResult(new HealthCheckResponse { Status = status });
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/packages.config b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/packages.config
index 094a30981e..cafff6123a 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/packages.config
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/packages.config
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <packages>
-  <package id="Google.ProtocolBuffers" version="2.4.1.555" targetFramework="net45" />
+  <package id="Google.Protobuf" version="3.0.0-alpha4" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Ix-Async" version="1.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
 </packages>
 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/proto/health.proto b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/proto/health.proto
index 08df7e104e..01aa3fcf57 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/proto/health.proto
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.HealthCheck/proto/health.proto
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 // TODO(jtattermusch): switch to proto3 once C# supports that.
-syntax = "proto2";
+syntax = "proto3";
 
 package grpc.health.v1alpha;
 option csharp_namespace = "Grpc.Health.V1Alpha";
 
 message HealthCheckRequest {
-  optional string host = 1;
-  optional string service = 2;
+  string host = 1;
+  string service = 2;
 }
 
 message HealthCheckResponse {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ message HealthCheckResponse {
     SERVING = 1;
     NOT_SERVING = 2;
   }
-  optional ServingStatus status = 1;
+  ServingStatus status = 1;
 }
 
 service Health {
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Empty.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Empty.cs
index 7169ee2a4a..28c28c9afd 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Empty.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Empty.cs
@@ -1,47 +1,34 @@
-// Generated by ProtoGen, Version=2.4.1.521, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=17b3b1f090c3ea48.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// source: empty.proto
 #pragma warning disable 1591, 0612, 3021
 #region Designer generated code
 
-using pb = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-using pbc = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Collections;
-using pbd = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Descriptors;
+using pb = global::Google.Protobuf;
+using pbc = global::Google.Protobuf.Collections;
+using pbr = global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection;
 using scg = global::System.Collections.Generic;
-namespace grpc.testing {
+namespace Grpc.Testing {
 
   namespace Proto {
 
     [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
     public static partial class Empty {
 
-      #region Extension registration
-      public static void RegisterAllExtensions(pb::ExtensionRegistry registry) {
-      }
-      #endregion
-      #region Static variables
-      internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__Descriptor;
-      internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.Empty, global::grpc.testing.Empty.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__FieldAccessorTable;
-      #endregion
       #region Descriptor
-      public static pbd::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
+      public static pbr::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
         get { return descriptor; }
       }
-      private static pbd::FileDescriptor descriptor;
+      private static pbr::FileDescriptor descriptor;
 
       static Empty() {
         byte[] descriptorData = global::System.Convert.FromBase64String(
             string.Concat(
-            "CgtlbXB0eS5wcm90bxIMZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nIgcKBUVtcHR5"));
-        pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalDescriptorAssigner assigner = delegate(pbd::FileDescriptor root) {
-          descriptor = root;
-          internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[0];
-          internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__FieldAccessorTable =
-              new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.Empty, global::grpc.testing.Empty.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__Descriptor,
-                  new string[] { });
-          return null;
-        };
-        pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
-            new pbd::FileDescriptor[] {
-            }, assigner);
+              "CgtlbXB0eS5wcm90bxIMZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nIgcKBUVtcHR5YgZwcm90bzM="));
+        descriptor = pbr::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
+            new pbr::FileDescriptor[] { },
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(null, new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo[] {
+              new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty), null, null, null, null)
+            }));
       }
       #endregion
 
@@ -49,230 +36,79 @@ namespace grpc.testing {
   }
   #region Messages
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class Empty : pb::GeneratedMessage<Empty, Empty.Builder> {
-    private Empty() { }
-    private static readonly Empty defaultInstance = new Empty().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _emptyFieldNames = new string[] {  };
-    private static readonly uint[] _emptyFieldTags = new uint[] {  };
-    public static Empty DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
-    }
+  public sealed partial class Empty : pb::IMessage<Empty> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<Empty> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<Empty>(() => new Empty());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<Empty> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
 
-    public override Empty DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Proto.Empty.Descriptor.MessageTypes[0]; }
     }
 
-    protected override Empty ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Proto.Empty.internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__Descriptor; }
+    public Empty() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<Empty, Empty.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Proto.Empty.internal__static_grpc_testing_Empty__FieldAccessorTable; }
-    }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
 
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
+    public Empty(Empty other) : this() {
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _emptyFieldNames;
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public Empty Clone() {
+      return new Empty(this);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as Empty);
+    }
 
-        size = 0;
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(Empty other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Empty ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private Empty MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(Empty prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<Empty, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(Empty cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private Empty result;
-
-      private Empty PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          Empty original = result;
-          result = new Empty();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override Empty MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.Empty.Descriptor; }
-      }
-
-      public override Empty DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.Empty.DefaultInstance; }
-      }
-
-      public override Empty BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is Empty) {
-          return MergeFrom((Empty) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
-      }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(Empty other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.Empty.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
+    public void MergeFrom(Empty other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_emptyFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _emptyFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
-          }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
         }
-        return this;
       }
-
-    }
-    static Empty() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Proto.Empty.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   #endregion
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj
index 2020a76d39..a5945be922 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Grpc.IntegrationTesting.csproj
@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@
       <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
       <HintPath>..\packages\Google.Apis.Core.1.9.3\lib\portable-net40+sl50+win+wpa81+wp80\Google.Apis.Core.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
+    <Reference Include="Google.Protobuf, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=a7d26565bac4d604, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
+      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.Protobuf.3.0.0-alpha4\lib\portable-net45+netcore45+wpa81+wp8\Google.Protobuf.dll</HintPath>
+    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="Microsoft.Threading.Tasks, Version=1.0.12.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
       <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
       <HintPath>..\packages\Microsoft.Bcl.Async.1.0.168\lib\net40\Microsoft.Threading.Tasks.dll</HintPath>
@@ -74,22 +78,11 @@
       <HintPath>..\packages\NUnit.2.6.4\lib\nunit.framework.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System" />
-    <Reference Include="Google.ProtocolBuffers">
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Google.ProtocolBuffers.2.4.1.521\lib\net40\Google.ProtocolBuffers.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Interactive.Async">
       <HintPath>..\packages\Ix-Async.1.2.3\lib\net45\System.Interactive.Async.dll</HintPath>
     </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Net" />
     <Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
-    <Reference Include="System.Net.Http.Extensions, Version=2.2.29.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
-      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Microsoft.Net.Http.2.2.29\lib\net45\System.Net.Http.Extensions.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
-    <Reference Include="System.Net.Http.Primitives, Version=4.2.29.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
-      <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
-      <HintPath>..\packages\Microsoft.Net.Http.2.2.29\lib\net45\System.Net.Http.Primitives.dll</HintPath>
-    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Net.Http.WebRequest" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
@@ -106,6 +99,7 @@
     <Compile Include="TestCredentials.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestGrpc.cs" />
     <Compile Include="SslCredentialsTest.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Test.cs" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
   <ItemGroup>
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClient.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClient.cs
index 24c22273fb..8343e54122 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClient.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClient.cs
@@ -38,13 +38,11 @@ using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
-using Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-
-using grpc.testing;
+using Google.Protobuf;
 using Grpc.Auth;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
-
+using Grpc.Testing;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 
 namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
@@ -183,7 +181,7 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
         public static void RunEmptyUnary(TestService.ITestServiceClient client)
         {
             Console.WriteLine("running empty_unary");
-            var response = client.EmptyCall(Empty.DefaultInstance);
+            var response = client.EmptyCall(new Empty());
             Assert.IsNotNull(response);
             Console.WriteLine("Passed!");
         }
@@ -191,11 +189,12 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
         public static void RunLargeUnary(TestService.ITestServiceClient client)
         {
             Console.WriteLine("running large_unary");
-            var request = SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                    .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                    .SetResponseSize(314159)
-                    .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(271828))
-                    .Build();
+            var request = new SimpleRequest
+            {
+                ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                ResponseSize = 314159,
+                Payload = CreateZerosPayload(271828)
+            };
 
             var response = client.UnaryCall(request);
 
@@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
         {
             Console.WriteLine("running client_streaming");
 
-            var bodySizes = new List<int> { 27182, 8, 1828, 45904 }.ConvertAll((size) => StreamingInputCallRequest.CreateBuilder().SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(size)).Build());
+            var bodySizes = new List<int> { 27182, 8, 1828, 45904 }.ConvertAll((size) => new StreamingInputCallRequest { Payload = CreateZerosPayload(size) });
 
             using (var call = client.StreamingInputCall())
             {
@@ -226,11 +225,11 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
 
             var bodySizes = new List<int> { 31415, 9, 2653, 58979 };
 
-            var request = StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-            .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-            .AddRangeResponseParameters(bodySizes.ConvertAll(
-                (size) => ResponseParameters.CreateBuilder().SetSize(size).Build()))
-            .Build();
+            var request = new StreamingOutputCallRequest
+            {
+                ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                ResponseParameters = { bodySizes.ConvertAll((size) => new ResponseParameters { Size = size }) }
+            };
 
             using (var call = client.StreamingOutputCall(request))
             {
@@ -250,37 +249,45 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
 
             using (var call = client.FullDuplexCall())
             {
-                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                .AddResponseParameters(ResponseParameters.CreateBuilder().SetSize(31415))
-                .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(27182)).Build());
+                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(new StreamingOutputCallRequest
+                {
+                    ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                    ResponseParameters = { new ResponseParameters { Size = 31415 } },
+                    Payload = CreateZerosPayload(27182)
+                });
 
                 Assert.IsTrue(await call.ResponseStream.MoveNext());
                 Assert.AreEqual(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Type);
                 Assert.AreEqual(31415, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Body.Length);
 
-                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                            .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                            .AddResponseParameters(ResponseParameters.CreateBuilder().SetSize(9))
-                            .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(8)).Build());
+                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(new StreamingOutputCallRequest
+                {
+                    ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                    ResponseParameters = { new ResponseParameters { Size = 9 } },
+                    Payload = CreateZerosPayload(8)
+                });
 
                 Assert.IsTrue(await call.ResponseStream.MoveNext());
                 Assert.AreEqual(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Type);
                 Assert.AreEqual(9, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Body.Length);
 
-                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                            .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                            .AddResponseParameters(ResponseParameters.CreateBuilder().SetSize(2653))
-                            .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(1828)).Build());
+                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(new StreamingOutputCallRequest
+                {
+                    ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                    ResponseParameters = { new ResponseParameters { Size = 2653 } },
+                    Payload = CreateZerosPayload(1828)
+                });
 
                 Assert.IsTrue(await call.ResponseStream.MoveNext());
                 Assert.AreEqual(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Type);
                 Assert.AreEqual(2653, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Body.Length);
 
-                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                            .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                            .AddResponseParameters(ResponseParameters.CreateBuilder().SetSize(58979))
-                            .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(45904)).Build());
+                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(new StreamingOutputCallRequest
+                {
+                    ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                    ResponseParameters = { new ResponseParameters { Size = 58979 } },
+                    Payload = CreateZerosPayload(45904)
+                });
 
                 Assert.IsTrue(await call.ResponseStream.MoveNext());
                 Assert.AreEqual(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Type);
@@ -313,13 +320,14 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
             credential = credential.CreateScoped(new[] { AuthScope });
             client.HeaderInterceptor = AuthInterceptors.FromCredential(credential);
 
-            var request = SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                    .SetResponseSize(314159)
-                    .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(271828))
-                    .SetFillUsername(true)
-                    .SetFillOauthScope(true)
-                    .Build();
+            var request = new SimpleRequest
+            {
+                ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                ResponseSize = 314159,
+                Payload = CreateZerosPayload(271828),
+                FillUsername = true,
+                FillOauthScope = true
+            };
 
             var response = client.UnaryCall(request);
 
@@ -337,13 +345,14 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
             Assert.IsFalse(credential.IsCreateScopedRequired);
             client.HeaderInterceptor = AuthInterceptors.FromCredential(credential);
             
-            var request = SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                    .SetResponseSize(314159)
-                    .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(271828))
-                    .SetFillUsername(true)
-                    .SetFillOauthScope(true)
-                    .Build();
+            var request = new SimpleRequest
+            {
+                ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                ResponseSize = 314159,
+                Payload = CreateZerosPayload(271828),
+                FillUsername = true,
+                FillOauthScope = true
+            };
 
             var response = client.UnaryCall(request);
 
@@ -362,13 +371,14 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
             Assert.IsTrue(credential.IsCreateScopedRequired);
             client.HeaderInterceptor = AuthInterceptors.FromCredential(credential);
 
-            var request = SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                    .SetResponseSize(314159)
-                    .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(271828))
-                    .SetFillUsername(true)
-                    .SetFillOauthScope(true)
-                    .Build();
+            var request = new SimpleRequest
+            {
+                ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                ResponseSize = 314159,
+                Payload = CreateZerosPayload(271828),
+                FillUsername = true,
+                FillOauthScope = true
+            };
 
             var response = client.UnaryCall(request);
 
@@ -386,10 +396,11 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
 
             client.HeaderInterceptor = AuthInterceptors.FromAccessToken(oauth2Token);
 
-            var request = SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetFillUsername(true)
-                .SetFillOauthScope(true)
-                .Build();
+            var request = new SimpleRequest
+            {
+                FillUsername = true,
+                FillOauthScope = true
+            };
 
             var response = client.UnaryCall(request);
 
@@ -406,10 +417,11 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
             string oauth2Token = await credential.GetAccessTokenForRequestAsync();
             var headerInterceptor = AuthInterceptors.FromAccessToken(oauth2Token);
 
-            var request = SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetFillUsername(true)
-                .SetFillOauthScope(true)
-                .Build();
+            var request = new SimpleRequest
+            {
+                FillUsername = true,
+                FillOauthScope = true
+            };
 
             var headers = new Metadata();
             headerInterceptor(null, "", headers);
@@ -444,10 +456,12 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
             var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
             using (var call = client.FullDuplexCall(cancellationToken: cts.Token))
             {
-                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                    .SetResponseType(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE)
-                    .AddResponseParameters(ResponseParameters.CreateBuilder().SetSize(31415))
-                    .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(27182)).Build());
+                await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(new StreamingOutputCallRequest
+                {
+                    ResponseType = PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE,
+                    ResponseParameters = { new ResponseParameters { Size = 31415 } },
+                    Payload = CreateZerosPayload(27182)
+                });
 
                 Assert.IsTrue(await call.ResponseStream.MoveNext());
                 Assert.AreEqual(PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE, call.ResponseStream.Current.Payload.Type);
@@ -470,8 +484,7 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
             {
                 try
                 {
-                    await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(StreamingOutputCallRequest.CreateBuilder()
-                        .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(27182)).Build());
+                    await call.RequestStream.WriteAsync(new StreamingOutputCallRequest { Payload = CreateZerosPayload(27182) });
                 }
                 catch (InvalidOperationException)
                 {
@@ -488,12 +501,12 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
         public static void RunBenchmarkEmptyUnary(TestService.ITestServiceClient client)
         {
             BenchmarkUtil.RunBenchmark(10000, 10000,
-                                       () => { client.EmptyCall(Empty.DefaultInstance); });
+                                       () => { client.EmptyCall(new Empty()); });
         }
 
         private static Payload CreateZerosPayload(int size)
         {
-            return Payload.CreateBuilder().SetBody(ByteString.CopyFrom(new byte[size])).Build();
+            return new Payload { Body = ByteString.CopyFrom(new byte[size]) };
         }
 
         private static ClientOptions ParseArguments(string[] args)
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClientServerTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClientServerTest.cs
index f3158aeb45..7bc17a207f 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClientServerTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropClientServerTest.cs
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using grpc.testing;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
+using Grpc.Testing;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 
 namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropServer.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropServer.cs
index 0cc8b2cde1..718278f30a 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropServer.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/InteropServer.cs
@@ -37,10 +37,9 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-using grpc.testing;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
+using Grpc.Testing;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 
 namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Messages.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Messages.cs
index 386f377f08..a3cbb7d76e 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Messages.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Messages.cs
@@ -1,106 +1,58 @@
-// Generated by ProtoGen, Version=2.4.1.521, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=17b3b1f090c3ea48.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// source: messages.proto
 #pragma warning disable 1591, 0612, 3021
 #region Designer generated code
 
-using pb = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-using pbc = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Collections;
-using pbd = global::Google.ProtocolBuffers.Descriptors;
+using pb = global::Google.Protobuf;
+using pbc = global::Google.Protobuf.Collections;
+using pbr = global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection;
 using scg = global::System.Collections.Generic;
-namespace grpc.testing {
+namespace Grpc.Testing {
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
   public static partial class Messages {
 
-    #region Extension registration
-    public static void RegisterAllExtensions(pb::ExtensionRegistry registry) {
-    }
-    #endregion
-    #region Static variables
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.Payload, global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest, global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse, global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters, global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__FieldAccessorTable;
-    internal static pbd::MessageDescriptor internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__Descriptor;
-    internal static pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.Builder> internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__FieldAccessorTable;
-    #endregion
     #region Descriptor
-    public static pbd::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
+    public static pbr::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
       get { return descriptor; }
     }
-    private static pbd::FileDescriptor descriptor;
+    private static pbr::FileDescriptor descriptor;
 
     static Messages() {
       byte[] descriptorData = global::System.Convert.FromBase64String(
           string.Concat(
-            "Cg5tZXNzYWdlcy5wcm90bxIMZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nIkAKB1BheWxvYWQSJwoE",
-            "dHlwZRgBIAEoDjIZLmdycGMudGVzdGluZy5QYXlsb2FkVHlwZRIMCgRib2R5",
-            "GAIgASgMIrEBCg1TaW1wbGVSZXF1ZXN0EjAKDXJlc3BvbnNlX3R5cGUYASAB",
-            "KA4yGS5ncnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuUGF5bG9hZFR5cGUSFQoNcmVzcG9uc2Vfc2l6",
-            "ZRgCIAEoBRImCgdwYXlsb2FkGAMgASgLMhUuZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlBheWxv",
-            "YWQSFQoNZmlsbF91c2VybmFtZRgEIAEoCBIYChBmaWxsX29hdXRoX3Njb3Bl",
-            "GAUgASgIIl8KDlNpbXBsZVJlc3BvbnNlEiYKB3BheWxvYWQYASABKAsyFS5n",
-            "cnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuUGF5bG9hZBIQCgh1c2VybmFtZRgCIAEoCRITCgtvYXV0",
-            "aF9zY29wZRgDIAEoCSJDChlTdHJlYW1pbmdJbnB1dENhbGxSZXF1ZXN0EiYK",
-            "B3BheWxvYWQYASABKAsyFS5ncnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuUGF5bG9hZCI9ChpTdHJl",
-            "YW1pbmdJbnB1dENhbGxSZXNwb25zZRIfChdhZ2dyZWdhdGVkX3BheWxvYWRf",
-            "c2l6ZRgBIAEoBSI3ChJSZXNwb25zZVBhcmFtZXRlcnMSDAoEc2l6ZRgBIAEo",
-            "BRITCgtpbnRlcnZhbF91cxgCIAEoBSK1AQoaU3RyZWFtaW5nT3V0cHV0Q2Fs",
-            "bFJlcXVlc3QSMAoNcmVzcG9uc2VfdHlwZRgBIAEoDjIZLmdycGMudGVzdGlu",
-            "Zy5QYXlsb2FkVHlwZRI9ChNyZXNwb25zZV9wYXJhbWV0ZXJzGAIgAygLMiAu",
-            "Z3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlJlc3BvbnNlUGFyYW1ldGVycxImCgdwYXlsb2FkGAMg",
-            "ASgLMhUuZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlBheWxvYWQiRQobU3RyZWFtaW5nT3V0cHV0",
-            "Q2FsbFJlc3BvbnNlEiYKB3BheWxvYWQYASABKAsyFS5ncnBjLnRlc3Rpbmcu",
-            "UGF5bG9hZCo/CgtQYXlsb2FkVHlwZRIQCgxDT01QUkVTU0FCTEUQABISCg5V",
-          "TkNPTVBSRVNTQUJMRRABEgoKBlJBTkRPTRAC"));
-      pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalDescriptorAssigner assigner = delegate(pbd::FileDescriptor root) {
-        descriptor = root;
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[0];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.Payload, global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "Type", "Body", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[1];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest, global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "ResponseType", "ResponseSize", "Payload", "FillUsername", "FillOauthScope", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[2];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse, global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "Payload", "Username", "OauthScope", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[3];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "Payload", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[4];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "AggregatedPayloadSize", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[5];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters, global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "Size", "IntervalUs", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[6];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "ResponseType", "ResponseParameters", "Payload", });
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__Descriptor = Descriptor.MessageTypes[7];
-        internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__FieldAccessorTable =
-            new pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.Builder>(internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__Descriptor,
-                new string[] { "Payload", });
-        return null;
-      };
-      pbd::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
-          new pbd::FileDescriptor[] {
-          }, assigner);
+            "Cg5tZXNzYWdlcy5wcm90bxIMZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nIkAKB1BheWxvYWQSJwoE", 
+            "dHlwZRgBIAEoDjIZLmdycGMudGVzdGluZy5QYXlsb2FkVHlwZRIMCgRib2R5", 
+            "GAIgASgMIrEBCg1TaW1wbGVSZXF1ZXN0EjAKDXJlc3BvbnNlX3R5cGUYASAB", 
+            "KA4yGS5ncnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuUGF5bG9hZFR5cGUSFQoNcmVzcG9uc2Vfc2l6", 
+            "ZRgCIAEoBRImCgdwYXlsb2FkGAMgASgLMhUuZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlBheWxv", 
+            "YWQSFQoNZmlsbF91c2VybmFtZRgEIAEoCBIYChBmaWxsX29hdXRoX3Njb3Bl", 
+            "GAUgASgIIl8KDlNpbXBsZVJlc3BvbnNlEiYKB3BheWxvYWQYASABKAsyFS5n", 
+            "cnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuUGF5bG9hZBIQCgh1c2VybmFtZRgCIAEoCRITCgtvYXV0", 
+            "aF9zY29wZRgDIAEoCSJDChlTdHJlYW1pbmdJbnB1dENhbGxSZXF1ZXN0EiYK", 
+            "B3BheWxvYWQYASABKAsyFS5ncnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuUGF5bG9hZCI9ChpTdHJl", 
+            "YW1pbmdJbnB1dENhbGxSZXNwb25zZRIfChdhZ2dyZWdhdGVkX3BheWxvYWRf", 
+            "c2l6ZRgBIAEoBSI3ChJSZXNwb25zZVBhcmFtZXRlcnMSDAoEc2l6ZRgBIAEo", 
+            "BRITCgtpbnRlcnZhbF91cxgCIAEoBSK1AQoaU3RyZWFtaW5nT3V0cHV0Q2Fs", 
+            "bFJlcXVlc3QSMAoNcmVzcG9uc2VfdHlwZRgBIAEoDjIZLmdycGMudGVzdGlu", 
+            "Zy5QYXlsb2FkVHlwZRI9ChNyZXNwb25zZV9wYXJhbWV0ZXJzGAIgAygLMiAu", 
+            "Z3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlJlc3BvbnNlUGFyYW1ldGVycxImCgdwYXlsb2FkGAMg", 
+            "ASgLMhUuZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlBheWxvYWQiRQobU3RyZWFtaW5nT3V0cHV0", 
+            "Q2FsbFJlc3BvbnNlEiYKB3BheWxvYWQYASABKAsyFS5ncnBjLnRlc3Rpbmcu", 
+            "UGF5bG9hZCo/CgtQYXlsb2FkVHlwZRIQCgxDT01QUkVTU0FCTEUQABISCg5V", 
+            "TkNPTVBSRVNTQUJMRRABEgoKBlJBTkRPTRACYgZwcm90bzM="));
+      descriptor = pbr::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
+          new pbr::FileDescriptor[] { },
+          new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(new[] {typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType), }, new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo[] {
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.Payload), new[]{ "Type", "Body" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest), new[]{ "ResponseType", "ResponseSize", "Payload", "FillUsername", "FillOauthScope" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse), new[]{ "Payload", "Username", "OauthScope" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest), new[]{ "Payload" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse), new[]{ "AggregatedPayloadSize" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.ResponseParameters), new[]{ "Size", "IntervalUs" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest), new[]{ "ResponseType", "ResponseParameters", "Payload" }, null, null, null),
+            new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(typeof(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse), new[]{ "Payload" }, null, null, null)
+          }));
     }
     #endregion
 
@@ -116,2772 +68,1101 @@ namespace grpc.testing {
 
   #region Messages
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class Payload : pb::GeneratedMessage<Payload, Payload.Builder> {
-    private Payload() { }
-    private static readonly Payload defaultInstance = new Payload().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _payloadFieldNames = new string[] { "body", "type" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _payloadFieldTags = new uint[] { 18, 8 };
-    public static Payload DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class Payload : pb::IMessage<Payload> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<Payload> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<Payload>(() => new Payload());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<Payload> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[0]; }
     }
 
-    public override Payload DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override Payload ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public Payload() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public Payload(Payload other) : this() {
+      type_ = other.type_;
+      body_ = other.body_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<Payload, Payload.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_Payload__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public Payload Clone() {
+      return new Payload(this);
     }
 
     public const int TypeFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasType;
-    private global::grpc.testing.PayloadType type_ = global::grpc.testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
-    public bool HasType {
-      get { return hasType; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.PayloadType Type {
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType type_ = global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType Type {
       get { return type_; }
+      set {
+        type_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int BodyFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasBody;
     private pb::ByteString body_ = pb::ByteString.Empty;
-    public bool HasBody {
-      get { return hasBody; }
-    }
     public pb::ByteString Body {
       get { return body_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        body_ = pb::Preconditions.CheckNotNull(value, "value");
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _payloadFieldNames;
-      if (hasType) {
-        output.WriteEnum(1, field_names[1], (int) Type, Type);
-      }
-      if (hasBody) {
-        output.WriteBytes(2, field_names[0], Body);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as Payload);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasType) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize(1, (int) Type);
-        }
-        if (hasBody) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeBytesSize(2, Body);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(Payload other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (Type != other.Type) return false;
+      if (Body != other.Body) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static Payload ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private Payload MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Type != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) hash ^= Type.GetHashCode();
+      if (Body.Length != 0) hash ^= Body.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(Payload prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<Payload, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(Payload cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private Payload result;
-
-      private Payload PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          Payload original = result;
-          result = new Payload();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Type != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteEnum((int) Type);
       }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override Payload MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
+      if (Body.Length != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(18);
+        output.WriteBytes(Body);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Type != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize((int) Type);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.Payload.Descriptor; }
+      if (Body.Length != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeBytesSize(Body);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Payload DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance; }
+    public void MergeFrom(Payload other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Payload BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+      if (other.Type != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        Type = other.Type;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is Payload) {
-          return MergeFrom((Payload) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+      if (other.Body.Length != 0) {
+        Body = other.Body;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(Payload other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasType) {
-          Type = other.Type;
-        }
-        if (other.HasBody) {
-          Body = other.Body;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_payloadFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _payloadFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            type_ = (global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType) input.ReadEnum();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              object unknown;
-              if(input.ReadEnum(ref result.type_, out unknown)) {
-                result.hasType = true;
-              } else if(unknown is int) {
-                if (unknownFields == null) {
-                  unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-                }
-                unknownFields.MergeVarintField(1, (ulong)(int)unknown);
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-            case 18: {
-              result.hasBody = input.ReadBytes(ref result.body_);
-              break;
-            }
+          case 18: {
+            Body = input.ReadBytes();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasType {
-       get { return result.hasType; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.PayloadType Type {
-        get { return result.Type; }
-        set { SetType(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetType(global::grpc.testing.PayloadType value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasType = true;
-        result.type_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearType() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasType = false;
-        result.type_ = global::grpc.testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasBody {
-        get { return result.hasBody; }
-      }
-      public pb::ByteString Body {
-        get { return result.Body; }
-        set { SetBody(value); }
       }
-      public Builder SetBody(pb::ByteString value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasBody = true;
-        result.body_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearBody() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasBody = false;
-        result.body_ = pb::ByteString.Empty;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static Payload() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class SimpleRequest : pb::GeneratedMessage<SimpleRequest, SimpleRequest.Builder> {
-    private SimpleRequest() { }
-    private static readonly SimpleRequest defaultInstance = new SimpleRequest().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _simpleRequestFieldNames = new string[] { "fill_oauth_scope", "fill_username", "payload", "response_size", "response_type" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _simpleRequestFieldTags = new uint[] { 40, 32, 26, 16, 8 };
-    public static SimpleRequest DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class SimpleRequest : pb::IMessage<SimpleRequest> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<SimpleRequest> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<SimpleRequest>(() => new SimpleRequest());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<SimpleRequest> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[1]; }
     }
 
-    public override SimpleRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override SimpleRequest ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public SimpleRequest() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public SimpleRequest(SimpleRequest other) : this() {
+      responseType_ = other.responseType_;
+      responseSize_ = other.responseSize_;
+      Payload = other.payload_ != null ? other.Payload.Clone() : null;
+      fillUsername_ = other.fillUsername_;
+      fillOauthScope_ = other.fillOauthScope_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<SimpleRequest, SimpleRequest.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleRequest__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public SimpleRequest Clone() {
+      return new SimpleRequest(this);
     }
 
     public const int ResponseTypeFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasResponseType;
-    private global::grpc.testing.PayloadType responseType_ = global::grpc.testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
-    public bool HasResponseType {
-      get { return hasResponseType; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.PayloadType ResponseType {
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType responseType_ = global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType ResponseType {
       get { return responseType_; }
+      set {
+        responseType_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int ResponseSizeFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasResponseSize;
     private int responseSize_;
-    public bool HasResponseSize {
-      get { return hasResponseSize; }
-    }
     public int ResponseSize {
       get { return responseSize_; }
+      set {
+        responseSize_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 3;
-    private bool hasPayload;
-    private global::grpc.testing.Payload payload_;
-    public bool HasPayload {
-      get { return hasPayload; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-      get { return payload_ ?? global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance; }
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.Payload payload_;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.Payload Payload {
+      get { return payload_; }
+      set {
+        payload_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int FillUsernameFieldNumber = 4;
-    private bool hasFillUsername;
     private bool fillUsername_;
-    public bool HasFillUsername {
-      get { return hasFillUsername; }
-    }
     public bool FillUsername {
       get { return fillUsername_; }
+      set {
+        fillUsername_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int FillOauthScopeFieldNumber = 5;
-    private bool hasFillOauthScope;
     private bool fillOauthScope_;
-    public bool HasFillOauthScope {
-      get { return hasFillOauthScope; }
-    }
     public bool FillOauthScope {
       get { return fillOauthScope_; }
+      set {
+        fillOauthScope_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as SimpleRequest);
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _simpleRequestFieldNames;
-      if (hasResponseType) {
-        output.WriteEnum(1, field_names[4], (int) ResponseType, ResponseType);
-      }
-      if (hasResponseSize) {
-        output.WriteInt32(2, field_names[3], ResponseSize);
-      }
-      if (hasPayload) {
-        output.WriteMessage(3, field_names[2], Payload);
-      }
-      if (hasFillUsername) {
-        output.WriteBool(4, field_names[1], FillUsername);
+    public bool Equals(SimpleRequest other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
-      if (hasFillOauthScope) {
-        output.WriteBool(5, field_names[0], FillOauthScope);
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+      if (ResponseType != other.ResponseType) return false;
+      if (ResponseSize != other.ResponseSize) return false;
+      if (!object.Equals(Payload, other.Payload)) return false;
+      if (FillUsername != other.FillUsername) return false;
+      if (FillOauthScope != other.FillOauthScope) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasResponseType) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize(1, (int) ResponseType);
-        }
-        if (hasResponseSize) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(2, ResponseSize);
-        }
-        if (hasPayload) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(3, Payload);
-        }
-        if (hasFillUsername) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeBoolSize(4, FillUsername);
-        }
-        if (hasFillOauthScope) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeBoolSize(5, FillOauthScope);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
-      }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) hash ^= ResponseType.GetHashCode();
+      if (ResponseSize != 0) hash ^= ResponseSize.GetHashCode();
+      if (payload_ != null) hash ^= Payload.GetHashCode();
+      if (FillUsername != false) hash ^= FillUsername.GetHashCode();
+      if (FillOauthScope != false) hash ^= FillOauthScope.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private SimpleRequest MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
-    }
-
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(SimpleRequest prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<SimpleRequest, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteEnum((int) ResponseType);
       }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
+      if (ResponseSize != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(16);
+        output.WriteInt32(ResponseSize);
       }
-      internal Builder(SimpleRequest cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(26);
+        output.WriteMessage(Payload);
       }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private SimpleRequest result;
-
-      private SimpleRequest PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          SimpleRequest original = result;
-          result = new SimpleRequest();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
+      if (FillUsername != false) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(32);
+        output.WriteBool(FillUsername);
       }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
+      if (FillOauthScope != false) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(40);
+        output.WriteBool(FillOauthScope);
       }
+    }
 
-      protected override SimpleRequest MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize((int) ResponseType);
       }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
+      if (ResponseSize != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(ResponseSize);
       }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(Payload);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest.Descriptor; }
+      if (FillUsername != false) {
+        size += 1 + 1;
       }
-
-      public override SimpleRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest.DefaultInstance; }
+      if (FillOauthScope != false) {
+        size += 1 + 1;
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override SimpleRequest BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void MergeFrom(SimpleRequest other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is SimpleRequest) {
-          return MergeFrom((SimpleRequest) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
+      if (other.ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        ResponseType = other.ResponseType;
+      }
+      if (other.ResponseSize != 0) {
+        ResponseSize = other.ResponseSize;
+      }
+      if (other.payload_ != null) {
+        if (payload_ == null) {
+          payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
         }
+        Payload.MergeFrom(other.Payload);
+      }
+      if (other.FillUsername != false) {
+        FillUsername = other.FillUsername;
       }
+      if (other.FillOauthScope != false) {
+        FillOauthScope = other.FillOauthScope;
+      }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(SimpleRequest other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasResponseType) {
-          ResponseType = other.ResponseType;
-        }
-        if (other.HasResponseSize) {
-          ResponseSize = other.ResponseSize;
-        }
-        if (other.HasPayload) {
-          MergePayload(other.Payload);
-        }
-        if (other.HasFillUsername) {
-          FillUsername = other.FillUsername;
-        }
-        if (other.HasFillOauthScope) {
-          FillOauthScope = other.FillOauthScope;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_simpleRequestFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _simpleRequestFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            responseType_ = (global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType) input.ReadEnum();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              object unknown;
-              if(input.ReadEnum(ref result.responseType_, out unknown)) {
-                result.hasResponseType = true;
-              } else if(unknown is int) {
-                if (unknownFields == null) {
-                  unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-                }
-                unknownFields.MergeVarintField(1, (ulong)(int)unknown);
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-            case 16: {
-              result.hasResponseSize = input.ReadInt32(ref result.responseSize_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 26: {
-              global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder subBuilder = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder();
-              if (result.hasPayload) {
-                subBuilder.MergeFrom(Payload);
-              }
-              input.ReadMessage(subBuilder, extensionRegistry);
-              Payload = subBuilder.BuildPartial();
-              break;
-            }
-            case 32: {
-              result.hasFillUsername = input.ReadBool(ref result.fillUsername_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 40: {
-              result.hasFillOauthScope = input.ReadBool(ref result.fillOauthScope_);
-              break;
+          case 16: {
+            ResponseSize = input.ReadInt32();
+            break;
+          }
+          case 26: {
+            if (payload_ == null) {
+              payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
             }
+            input.ReadMessage(payload_);
+            break;
+          }
+          case 32: {
+            FillUsername = input.ReadBool();
+            break;
+          }
+          case 40: {
+            FillOauthScope = input.ReadBool();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasResponseType {
-       get { return result.hasResponseType; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.PayloadType ResponseType {
-        get { return result.ResponseType; }
-        set { SetResponseType(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetResponseType(global::grpc.testing.PayloadType value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasResponseType = true;
-        result.responseType_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearResponseType() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasResponseType = false;
-        result.responseType_ = global::grpc.testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasResponseSize {
-        get { return result.hasResponseSize; }
-      }
-      public int ResponseSize {
-        get { return result.ResponseSize; }
-        set { SetResponseSize(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetResponseSize(int value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasResponseSize = true;
-        result.responseSize_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearResponseSize() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasResponseSize = false;
-        result.responseSize_ = 0;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasPayload {
-       get { return result.hasPayload; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-        get { return result.Payload; }
-        set { SetPayload(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = builderForValue.Build();
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder MergePayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (result.hasPayload &&
-            result.payload_ != global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance) {
-            result.payload_ = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder(result.payload_).MergeFrom(value).BuildPartial();
-        } else {
-          result.payload_ = value;
-        }
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearPayload() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = false;
-        result.payload_ = null;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasFillUsername {
-        get { return result.hasFillUsername; }
-      }
-      public bool FillUsername {
-        get { return result.FillUsername; }
-        set { SetFillUsername(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetFillUsername(bool value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasFillUsername = true;
-        result.fillUsername_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearFillUsername() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasFillUsername = false;
-        result.fillUsername_ = false;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasFillOauthScope {
-        get { return result.hasFillOauthScope; }
-      }
-      public bool FillOauthScope {
-        get { return result.FillOauthScope; }
-        set { SetFillOauthScope(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetFillOauthScope(bool value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasFillOauthScope = true;
-        result.fillOauthScope_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearFillOauthScope() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasFillOauthScope = false;
-        result.fillOauthScope_ = false;
-        return this;
       }
     }
-    static SimpleRequest() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
-    }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class SimpleResponse : pb::GeneratedMessage<SimpleResponse, SimpleResponse.Builder> {
-    private SimpleResponse() { }
-    private static readonly SimpleResponse defaultInstance = new SimpleResponse().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _simpleResponseFieldNames = new string[] { "oauth_scope", "payload", "username" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _simpleResponseFieldTags = new uint[] { 26, 10, 18 };
-    public static SimpleResponse DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class SimpleResponse : pb::IMessage<SimpleResponse> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<SimpleResponse> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<SimpleResponse>(() => new SimpleResponse());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<SimpleResponse> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[2]; }
     }
 
-    public override SimpleResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override SimpleResponse ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public SimpleResponse() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public SimpleResponse(SimpleResponse other) : this() {
+      Payload = other.payload_ != null ? other.Payload.Clone() : null;
+      username_ = other.username_;
+      oauthScope_ = other.oauthScope_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<SimpleResponse, SimpleResponse.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_SimpleResponse__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public SimpleResponse Clone() {
+      return new SimpleResponse(this);
     }
 
     public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasPayload;
-    private global::grpc.testing.Payload payload_;
-    public bool HasPayload {
-      get { return hasPayload; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-      get { return payload_ ?? global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance; }
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.Payload payload_;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.Payload Payload {
+      get { return payload_; }
+      set {
+        payload_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int UsernameFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasUsername;
     private string username_ = "";
-    public bool HasUsername {
-      get { return hasUsername; }
-    }
     public string Username {
       get { return username_; }
+      set {
+        username_ = pb::Preconditions.CheckNotNull(value, "value");
+      }
     }
 
     public const int OauthScopeFieldNumber = 3;
-    private bool hasOauthScope;
     private string oauthScope_ = "";
-    public bool HasOauthScope {
-      get { return hasOauthScope; }
-    }
     public string OauthScope {
       get { return oauthScope_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        oauthScope_ = pb::Preconditions.CheckNotNull(value, "value");
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _simpleResponseFieldNames;
-      if (hasPayload) {
-        output.WriteMessage(1, field_names[1], Payload);
-      }
-      if (hasUsername) {
-        output.WriteString(2, field_names[2], Username);
-      }
-      if (hasOauthScope) {
-        output.WriteString(3, field_names[0], OauthScope);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as SimpleResponse);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasPayload) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(1, Payload);
-        }
-        if (hasUsername) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(2, Username);
-        }
-        if (hasOauthScope) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(3, OauthScope);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(SimpleResponse other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (!object.Equals(Payload, other.Payload)) return false;
+      if (Username != other.Username) return false;
+      if (OauthScope != other.OauthScope) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static SimpleResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private SimpleResponse MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (payload_ != null) hash ^= Payload.GetHashCode();
+      if (Username.Length != 0) hash ^= Username.GetHashCode();
+      if (OauthScope.Length != 0) hash ^= OauthScope.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(SimpleResponse prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<SimpleResponse, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(10);
+        output.WriteMessage(Payload);
       }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
+      if (Username.Length != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(18);
+        output.WriteString(Username);
       }
-      internal Builder(SimpleResponse cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
+      if (OauthScope.Length != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(26);
+        output.WriteString(OauthScope);
       }
+    }
 
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private SimpleResponse result;
-
-      private SimpleResponse PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          SimpleResponse original = result;
-          result = new SimpleResponse();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(Payload);
       }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
+      if (Username.Length != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(Username);
       }
-
-      protected override SimpleResponse MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
+      if (OauthScope.Length != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeStringSize(OauthScope);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
+    public void MergeFrom(SimpleResponse other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
+      if (other.payload_ != null) {
+        if (payload_ == null) {
+          payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
         }
+        Payload.MergeFrom(other.Payload);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse.Descriptor; }
-      }
-
-      public override SimpleResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse.DefaultInstance; }
+      if (other.Username.Length != 0) {
+        Username = other.Username;
       }
-
-      public override SimpleResponse BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is SimpleResponse) {
-          return MergeFrom((SimpleResponse) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+      if (other.OauthScope.Length != 0) {
+        OauthScope = other.OauthScope;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(SimpleResponse other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasPayload) {
-          MergePayload(other.Payload);
-        }
-        if (other.HasUsername) {
-          Username = other.Username;
-        }
-        if (other.HasOauthScope) {
-          OauthScope = other.OauthScope;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_simpleResponseFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _simpleResponseFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 10: {
+            if (payload_ == null) {
+              payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
             }
+            input.ReadMessage(payload_);
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 10: {
-              global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder subBuilder = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder();
-              if (result.hasPayload) {
-                subBuilder.MergeFrom(Payload);
-              }
-              input.ReadMessage(subBuilder, extensionRegistry);
-              Payload = subBuilder.BuildPartial();
-              break;
-            }
-            case 18: {
-              result.hasUsername = input.ReadString(ref result.username_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 26: {
-              result.hasOauthScope = input.ReadString(ref result.oauthScope_);
-              break;
-            }
+          case 18: {
+            Username = input.ReadString();
+            break;
+          }
+          case 26: {
+            OauthScope = input.ReadString();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasPayload {
-       get { return result.hasPayload; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-        get { return result.Payload; }
-        set { SetPayload(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = builderForValue.Build();
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder MergePayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (result.hasPayload &&
-            result.payload_ != global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance) {
-            result.payload_ = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder(result.payload_).MergeFrom(value).BuildPartial();
-        } else {
-          result.payload_ = value;
-        }
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearPayload() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = false;
-        result.payload_ = null;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasUsername {
-        get { return result.hasUsername; }
-      }
-      public string Username {
-        get { return result.Username; }
-        set { SetUsername(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetUsername(string value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasUsername = true;
-        result.username_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearUsername() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasUsername = false;
-        result.username_ = "";
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasOauthScope {
-        get { return result.hasOauthScope; }
-      }
-      public string OauthScope {
-        get { return result.OauthScope; }
-        set { SetOauthScope(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetOauthScope(string value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasOauthScope = true;
-        result.oauthScope_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearOauthScope() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasOauthScope = false;
-        result.oauthScope_ = "";
-        return this;
       }
     }
-    static SimpleResponse() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
-    }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class StreamingInputCallRequest : pb::GeneratedMessage<StreamingInputCallRequest, StreamingInputCallRequest.Builder> {
-    private StreamingInputCallRequest() { }
-    private static readonly StreamingInputCallRequest defaultInstance = new StreamingInputCallRequest().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _streamingInputCallRequestFieldNames = new string[] { "payload" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _streamingInputCallRequestFieldTags = new uint[] { 10 };
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
-    }
+  public sealed partial class StreamingInputCallRequest : pb::IMessage<StreamingInputCallRequest> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<StreamingInputCallRequest> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<StreamingInputCallRequest>(() => new StreamingInputCallRequest());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<StreamingInputCallRequest> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
 
-    public override StreamingInputCallRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[3]; }
     }
 
-    protected override StreamingInputCallRequest ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__Descriptor; }
+    public StreamingInputCallRequest() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<StreamingInputCallRequest, StreamingInputCallRequest.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallRequest__FieldAccessorTable; }
-    }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
 
-    public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasPayload;
-    private global::grpc.testing.Payload payload_;
-    public bool HasPayload {
-      get { return hasPayload; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-      get { return payload_ ?? global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance; }
+    public StreamingInputCallRequest(StreamingInputCallRequest other) : this() {
+      Payload = other.payload_ != null ? other.Payload.Clone() : null;
     }
 
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
+    public StreamingInputCallRequest Clone() {
+      return new StreamingInputCallRequest(this);
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _streamingInputCallRequestFieldNames;
-      if (hasPayload) {
-        output.WriteMessage(1, field_names[0], Payload);
+    public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 1;
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.Payload payload_;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.Payload Payload {
+      get { return payload_; }
+      set {
+        payload_ = value;
       }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as StreamingInputCallRequest);
+    }
 
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasPayload) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(1, Payload);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(StreamingInputCallRequest other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
+      if (!object.Equals(Payload, other.Payload)) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private StreamingInputCallRequest MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (payload_ != null) hash ^= Payload.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(StreamingInputCallRequest prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<StreamingInputCallRequest, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(StreamingInputCallRequest cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private StreamingInputCallRequest result;
-
-      private StreamingInputCallRequest PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          StreamingInputCallRequest original = result;
-          result = new StreamingInputCallRequest();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override StreamingInputCallRequest MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.Descriptor; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(10);
+        output.WriteMessage(Payload);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingInputCallRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.DefaultInstance; }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(Payload);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingInputCallRequest BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void MergeFrom(StreamingInputCallRequest other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is StreamingInputCallRequest) {
-          return MergeFrom((StreamingInputCallRequest) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
+      if (other.payload_ != null) {
+        if (payload_ == null) {
+          payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
         }
+        Payload.MergeFrom(other.Payload);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(StreamingInputCallRequest other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasPayload) {
-          MergePayload(other.Payload);
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_streamingInputCallRequestFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _streamingInputCallRequestFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 10: {
+            if (payload_ == null) {
+              payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
             }
+            input.ReadMessage(payload_);
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 10: {
-              global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder subBuilder = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder();
-              if (result.hasPayload) {
-                subBuilder.MergeFrom(Payload);
-              }
-              input.ReadMessage(subBuilder, extensionRegistry);
-              Payload = subBuilder.BuildPartial();
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasPayload {
-       get { return result.hasPayload; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-        get { return result.Payload; }
-        set { SetPayload(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = builderForValue.Build();
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder MergePayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (result.hasPayload &&
-            result.payload_ != global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance) {
-            result.payload_ = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder(result.payload_).MergeFrom(value).BuildPartial();
-        } else {
-          result.payload_ = value;
         }
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        return this;
       }
-      public Builder ClearPayload() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = false;
-        result.payload_ = null;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static StreamingInputCallRequest() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class StreamingInputCallResponse : pb::GeneratedMessage<StreamingInputCallResponse, StreamingInputCallResponse.Builder> {
-    private StreamingInputCallResponse() { }
-    private static readonly StreamingInputCallResponse defaultInstance = new StreamingInputCallResponse().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _streamingInputCallResponseFieldNames = new string[] { "aggregated_payload_size" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _streamingInputCallResponseFieldTags = new uint[] { 8 };
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class StreamingInputCallResponse : pb::IMessage<StreamingInputCallResponse> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<StreamingInputCallResponse> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<StreamingInputCallResponse>(() => new StreamingInputCallResponse());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<StreamingInputCallResponse> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[4]; }
     }
 
-    public override StreamingInputCallResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override StreamingInputCallResponse ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public StreamingInputCallResponse() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public StreamingInputCallResponse(StreamingInputCallResponse other) : this() {
+      aggregatedPayloadSize_ = other.aggregatedPayloadSize_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<StreamingInputCallResponse, StreamingInputCallResponse.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingInputCallResponse__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public StreamingInputCallResponse Clone() {
+      return new StreamingInputCallResponse(this);
     }
 
     public const int AggregatedPayloadSizeFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasAggregatedPayloadSize;
     private int aggregatedPayloadSize_;
-    public bool HasAggregatedPayloadSize {
-      get { return hasAggregatedPayloadSize; }
-    }
     public int AggregatedPayloadSize {
       get { return aggregatedPayloadSize_; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+      set {
+        aggregatedPayloadSize_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _streamingInputCallResponseFieldNames;
-      if (hasAggregatedPayloadSize) {
-        output.WriteInt32(1, field_names[0], AggregatedPayloadSize);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as StreamingInputCallResponse);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasAggregatedPayloadSize) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(1, AggregatedPayloadSize);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(StreamingInputCallResponse other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
+      if (AggregatedPayloadSize != other.AggregatedPayloadSize) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingInputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private StreamingInputCallResponse MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (AggregatedPayloadSize != 0) hash ^= AggregatedPayloadSize.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(StreamingInputCallResponse prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<StreamingInputCallResponse, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(StreamingInputCallResponse cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private StreamingInputCallResponse result;
-
-      private StreamingInputCallResponse PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          StreamingInputCallResponse original = result;
-          result = new StreamingInputCallResponse();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override StreamingInputCallResponse MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.Descriptor; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (AggregatedPayloadSize != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt32(AggregatedPayloadSize);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingInputCallResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.DefaultInstance; }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (AggregatedPayloadSize != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(AggregatedPayloadSize);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingInputCallResponse BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void MergeFrom(StreamingInputCallResponse other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is StreamingInputCallResponse) {
-          return MergeFrom((StreamingInputCallResponse) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+      if (other.AggregatedPayloadSize != 0) {
+        AggregatedPayloadSize = other.AggregatedPayloadSize;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(StreamingInputCallResponse other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasAggregatedPayloadSize) {
-          AggregatedPayloadSize = other.AggregatedPayloadSize;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_streamingInputCallResponseFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _streamingInputCallResponseFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
-          }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasAggregatedPayloadSize = input.ReadInt32(ref result.aggregatedPayloadSize_);
-              break;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            AggregatedPayloadSize = input.ReadInt32();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasAggregatedPayloadSize {
-        get { return result.hasAggregatedPayloadSize; }
-      }
-      public int AggregatedPayloadSize {
-        get { return result.AggregatedPayloadSize; }
-        set { SetAggregatedPayloadSize(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetAggregatedPayloadSize(int value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasAggregatedPayloadSize = true;
-        result.aggregatedPayloadSize_ = value;
-        return this;
       }
-      public Builder ClearAggregatedPayloadSize() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasAggregatedPayloadSize = false;
-        result.aggregatedPayloadSize_ = 0;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static StreamingInputCallResponse() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class ResponseParameters : pb::GeneratedMessage<ResponseParameters, ResponseParameters.Builder> {
-    private ResponseParameters() { }
-    private static readonly ResponseParameters defaultInstance = new ResponseParameters().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _responseParametersFieldNames = new string[] { "interval_us", "size" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _responseParametersFieldTags = new uint[] { 16, 8 };
-    public static ResponseParameters DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class ResponseParameters : pb::IMessage<ResponseParameters> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<ResponseParameters> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<ResponseParameters>(() => new ResponseParameters());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<ResponseParameters> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[5]; }
     }
 
-    public override ResponseParameters DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override ResponseParameters ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public ResponseParameters() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public ResponseParameters(ResponseParameters other) : this() {
+      size_ = other.size_;
+      intervalUs_ = other.intervalUs_;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<ResponseParameters, ResponseParameters.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_ResponseParameters__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public ResponseParameters Clone() {
+      return new ResponseParameters(this);
     }
 
     public const int SizeFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasSize;
     private int size_;
-    public bool HasSize {
-      get { return hasSize; }
-    }
     public int Size {
       get { return size_; }
+      set {
+        size_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int IntervalUsFieldNumber = 2;
-    private bool hasIntervalUs;
     private int intervalUs_;
-    public bool HasIntervalUs {
-      get { return hasIntervalUs; }
-    }
     public int IntervalUs {
       get { return intervalUs_; }
+      set {
+        intervalUs_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as ResponseParameters);
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _responseParametersFieldNames;
-      if (hasSize) {
-        output.WriteInt32(1, field_names[1], Size);
+    public bool Equals(ResponseParameters other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
       }
-      if (hasIntervalUs) {
-        output.WriteInt32(2, field_names[0], IntervalUs);
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+      if (Size != other.Size) return false;
+      if (IntervalUs != other.IntervalUs) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasSize) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(1, Size);
-        }
-        if (hasIntervalUs) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(2, IntervalUs);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
-      }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (Size != 0) hash ^= Size.GetHashCode();
+      if (IntervalUs != 0) hash ^= IntervalUs.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
-    public static ResponseParameters ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private ResponseParameters MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
-    }
-
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(ResponseParameters prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
-    }
-
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<ResponseParameters, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(ResponseParameters cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
 
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private ResponseParameters result;
-
-      private ResponseParameters PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          ResponseParameters original = result;
-          result = new ResponseParameters();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (Size != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteInt32(Size);
       }
-
-      protected override ResponseParameters MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
+      if (IntervalUs != 0) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(16);
+        output.WriteInt32(IntervalUs);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (Size != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(Size);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.Descriptor; }
+      if (IntervalUs != 0) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeInt32Size(IntervalUs);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override ResponseParameters DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.DefaultInstance; }
+    public void MergeFrom(ResponseParameters other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override ResponseParameters BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+      if (other.Size != 0) {
+        Size = other.Size;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is ResponseParameters) {
-          return MergeFrom((ResponseParameters) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
-        }
+      if (other.IntervalUs != 0) {
+        IntervalUs = other.IntervalUs;
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(ResponseParameters other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasSize) {
-          Size = other.Size;
-        }
-        if (other.HasIntervalUs) {
-          IntervalUs = other.IntervalUs;
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_responseParametersFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _responseParametersFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            Size = input.ReadInt32();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              result.hasSize = input.ReadInt32(ref result.size_);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 16: {
-              result.hasIntervalUs = input.ReadInt32(ref result.intervalUs_);
-              break;
-            }
+          case 16: {
+            IntervalUs = input.ReadInt32();
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasSize {
-        get { return result.hasSize; }
-      }
-      public int Size {
-        get { return result.Size; }
-        set { SetSize(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetSize(int value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasSize = true;
-        result.size_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearSize() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasSize = false;
-        result.size_ = 0;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasIntervalUs {
-        get { return result.hasIntervalUs; }
       }
-      public int IntervalUs {
-        get { return result.IntervalUs; }
-        set { SetIntervalUs(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetIntervalUs(int value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasIntervalUs = true;
-        result.intervalUs_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearIntervalUs() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasIntervalUs = false;
-        result.intervalUs_ = 0;
-        return this;
-      }
-    }
-    static ResponseParameters() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
     }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class StreamingOutputCallRequest : pb::GeneratedMessage<StreamingOutputCallRequest, StreamingOutputCallRequest.Builder> {
-    private StreamingOutputCallRequest() { }
-    private static readonly StreamingOutputCallRequest defaultInstance = new StreamingOutputCallRequest().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _streamingOutputCallRequestFieldNames = new string[] { "payload", "response_parameters", "response_type" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _streamingOutputCallRequestFieldTags = new uint[] { 26, 18, 8 };
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
+  public sealed partial class StreamingOutputCallRequest : pb::IMessage<StreamingOutputCallRequest> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<StreamingOutputCallRequest> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<StreamingOutputCallRequest>(() => new StreamingOutputCallRequest());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<StreamingOutputCallRequest> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
+
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[6]; }
     }
 
-    public override StreamingOutputCallRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    protected override StreamingOutputCallRequest ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    public StreamingOutputCallRequest() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__Descriptor; }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
+
+    public StreamingOutputCallRequest(StreamingOutputCallRequest other) : this() {
+      responseType_ = other.responseType_;
+      responseParameters_ = other.responseParameters_.Clone();
+      Payload = other.payload_ != null ? other.Payload.Clone() : null;
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<StreamingOutputCallRequest, StreamingOutputCallRequest.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallRequest__FieldAccessorTable; }
+    public StreamingOutputCallRequest Clone() {
+      return new StreamingOutputCallRequest(this);
     }
 
     public const int ResponseTypeFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasResponseType;
-    private global::grpc.testing.PayloadType responseType_ = global::grpc.testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
-    public bool HasResponseType {
-      get { return hasResponseType; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.PayloadType ResponseType {
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType responseType_ = global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType ResponseType {
       get { return responseType_; }
+      set {
+        responseType_ = value;
+      }
     }
 
     public const int ResponseParametersFieldNumber = 2;
-    private pbc::PopsicleList<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters> responseParameters_ = new pbc::PopsicleList<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters>();
-    public scg::IList<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters> ResponseParametersList {
+    private static readonly pb::FieldCodec<global::Grpc.Testing.ResponseParameters> _repeated_responseParameters_codec
+        = pb::FieldCodec.ForMessage(18, global::Grpc.Testing.ResponseParameters.Parser);
+    private readonly pbc::RepeatedField<global::Grpc.Testing.ResponseParameters> responseParameters_ = new pbc::RepeatedField<global::Grpc.Testing.ResponseParameters>();
+    public pbc::RepeatedField<global::Grpc.Testing.ResponseParameters> ResponseParameters {
       get { return responseParameters_; }
     }
-    public int ResponseParametersCount {
-      get { return responseParameters_.Count; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters GetResponseParameters(int index) {
-      return responseParameters_[index];
-    }
 
     public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 3;
-    private bool hasPayload;
-    private global::grpc.testing.Payload payload_;
-    public bool HasPayload {
-      get { return hasPayload; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-      get { return payload_ ?? global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance; }
-    }
-
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.Payload payload_;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.Payload Payload {
+      get { return payload_; }
+      set {
+        payload_ = value;
       }
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _streamingOutputCallRequestFieldNames;
-      if (hasResponseType) {
-        output.WriteEnum(1, field_names[2], (int) ResponseType, ResponseType);
-      }
-      if (responseParameters_.Count > 0) {
-        output.WriteMessageArray(2, field_names[1], responseParameters_);
-      }
-      if (hasPayload) {
-        output.WriteMessage(3, field_names[0], Payload);
-      }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as StreamingOutputCallRequest);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
-
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasResponseType) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize(1, (int) ResponseType);
-        }
-        foreach (global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters element in ResponseParametersList) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(2, element);
-        }
-        if (hasPayload) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(3, Payload);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(StreamingOutputCallRequest other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
+      if (ResponseType != other.ResponseType) return false;
+      if(!responseParameters_.Equals(other.responseParameters_)) return false;
+      if (!object.Equals(Payload, other.Payload)) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallRequest ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private StreamingOutputCallRequest MakeReadOnly() {
-      responseParameters_.MakeReadOnly();
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) hash ^= ResponseType.GetHashCode();
+      hash ^= responseParameters_.GetHashCode();
+      if (payload_ != null) hash ^= Payload.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(StreamingOutputCallRequest prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<StreamingOutputCallRequest, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(StreamingOutputCallRequest cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private StreamingOutputCallRequest result;
-
-      private StreamingOutputCallRequest PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          StreamingOutputCallRequest original = result;
-          result = new StreamingOutputCallRequest();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(8);
+        output.WriteEnum((int) ResponseType);
       }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override StreamingOutputCallRequest MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
+      responseParameters_.WriteTo(output, _repeated_responseParameters_codec);
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(26);
+        output.WriteMessage(Payload);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeEnumSize((int) ResponseType);
       }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.Descriptor; }
+      size += responseParameters_.CalculateSize(_repeated_responseParameters_codec);
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(Payload);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingOutputCallRequest DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.DefaultInstance; }
+    public void MergeFrom(StreamingOutputCallRequest other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override StreamingOutputCallRequest BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+      if (other.ResponseType != global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE) {
+        ResponseType = other.ResponseType;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is StreamingOutputCallRequest) {
-          return MergeFrom((StreamingOutputCallRequest) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
+      responseParameters_.Add(other.responseParameters_);
+      if (other.payload_ != null) {
+        if (payload_ == null) {
+          payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
         }
+        Payload.MergeFrom(other.Payload);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(StreamingOutputCallRequest other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasResponseType) {
-          ResponseType = other.ResponseType;
-        }
-        if (other.responseParameters_.Count != 0) {
-          result.responseParameters_.Add(other.responseParameters_);
-        }
-        if (other.HasPayload) {
-          MergePayload(other.Payload);
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_streamingOutputCallRequestFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _streamingOutputCallRequestFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 8: {
+            responseType_ = (global::Grpc.Testing.PayloadType) input.ReadEnum();
+            break;
           }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 8: {
-              object unknown;
-              if(input.ReadEnum(ref result.responseType_, out unknown)) {
-                result.hasResponseType = true;
-              } else if(unknown is int) {
-                if (unknownFields == null) {
-                  unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-                }
-                unknownFields.MergeVarintField(1, (ulong)(int)unknown);
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-            case 18: {
-              input.ReadMessageArray(tag, field_name, result.responseParameters_, global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.DefaultInstance, extensionRegistry);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 26: {
-              global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder subBuilder = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder();
-              if (result.hasPayload) {
-                subBuilder.MergeFrom(Payload);
-              }
-              input.ReadMessage(subBuilder, extensionRegistry);
-              Payload = subBuilder.BuildPartial();
-              break;
+          case 18: {
+            responseParameters_.AddEntriesFrom(input, _repeated_responseParameters_codec);
+            break;
+          }
+          case 26: {
+            if (payload_ == null) {
+              payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
             }
+            input.ReadMessage(payload_);
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasResponseType {
-       get { return result.hasResponseType; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.PayloadType ResponseType {
-        get { return result.ResponseType; }
-        set { SetResponseType(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetResponseType(global::grpc.testing.PayloadType value) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasResponseType = true;
-        result.responseType_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearResponseType() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasResponseType = false;
-        result.responseType_ = global::grpc.testing.PayloadType.COMPRESSABLE;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public pbc::IPopsicleList<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters> ResponseParametersList {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder().responseParameters_; }
-      }
-      public int ResponseParametersCount {
-        get { return result.ResponseParametersCount; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters GetResponseParameters(int index) {
-        return result.GetResponseParameters(index);
-      }
-      public Builder SetResponseParameters(int index, global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.responseParameters_[index] = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder SetResponseParameters(int index, global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.responseParameters_[index] = builderForValue.Build();
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder AddResponseParameters(global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.responseParameters_.Add(value);
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder AddResponseParameters(global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.responseParameters_.Add(builderForValue.Build());
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder AddRangeResponseParameters(scg::IEnumerable<global::grpc.testing.ResponseParameters> values) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.responseParameters_.Add(values);
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearResponseParameters() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.responseParameters_.Clear();
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public bool HasPayload {
-       get { return result.hasPayload; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-        get { return result.Payload; }
-        set { SetPayload(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = builderForValue.Build();
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder MergePayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (result.hasPayload &&
-            result.payload_ != global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance) {
-            result.payload_ = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder(result.payload_).MergeFrom(value).BuildPartial();
-        } else {
-          result.payload_ = value;
-        }
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearPayload() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = false;
-        result.payload_ = null;
-        return this;
       }
     }
-    static StreamingOutputCallRequest() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
-    }
+
   }
 
   [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-  public sealed partial class StreamingOutputCallResponse : pb::GeneratedMessage<StreamingOutputCallResponse, StreamingOutputCallResponse.Builder> {
-    private StreamingOutputCallResponse() { }
-    private static readonly StreamingOutputCallResponse defaultInstance = new StreamingOutputCallResponse().MakeReadOnly();
-    private static readonly string[] _streamingOutputCallResponseFieldNames = new string[] { "payload" };
-    private static readonly uint[] _streamingOutputCallResponseFieldTags = new uint[] { 10 };
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse DefaultInstance {
-      get { return defaultInstance; }
-    }
+  public sealed partial class StreamingOutputCallResponse : pb::IMessage<StreamingOutputCallResponse> {
+    private static readonly pb::MessageParser<StreamingOutputCallResponse> _parser = new pb::MessageParser<StreamingOutputCallResponse>(() => new StreamingOutputCallResponse());
+    public static pb::MessageParser<StreamingOutputCallResponse> Parser { get { return _parser; } }
 
-    public override StreamingOutputCallResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-      get { return DefaultInstance; }
+    public static pbr::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor.MessageTypes[7]; }
     }
 
-    protected override StreamingOutputCallResponse ThisMessage {
-      get { return this; }
+    pbr::MessageDescriptor pb::IMessage.Descriptor {
+      get { return Descriptor; }
     }
 
-    public static pbd::MessageDescriptor Descriptor {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__Descriptor; }
+    public StreamingOutputCallResponse() {
+      OnConstruction();
     }
 
-    protected override pb::FieldAccess.FieldAccessorTable<StreamingOutputCallResponse, StreamingOutputCallResponse.Builder> InternalFieldAccessors {
-      get { return global::grpc.testing.Messages.internal__static_grpc_testing_StreamingOutputCallResponse__FieldAccessorTable; }
-    }
+    partial void OnConstruction();
 
-    public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 1;
-    private bool hasPayload;
-    private global::grpc.testing.Payload payload_;
-    public bool HasPayload {
-      get { return hasPayload; }
-    }
-    public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-      get { return payload_ ?? global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance; }
+    public StreamingOutputCallResponse(StreamingOutputCallResponse other) : this() {
+      Payload = other.payload_ != null ? other.Payload.Clone() : null;
     }
 
-    public override bool IsInitialized {
-      get {
-        return true;
-      }
+    public StreamingOutputCallResponse Clone() {
+      return new StreamingOutputCallResponse(this);
     }
 
-    public override void WriteTo(pb::ICodedOutputStream output) {
-      int size = SerializedSize;
-      string[] field_names = _streamingOutputCallResponseFieldNames;
-      if (hasPayload) {
-        output.WriteMessage(1, field_names[0], Payload);
+    public const int PayloadFieldNumber = 1;
+    private global::Grpc.Testing.Payload payload_;
+    public global::Grpc.Testing.Payload Payload {
+      get { return payload_; }
+      set {
+        payload_ = value;
       }
-      UnknownFields.WriteTo(output);
     }
 
-    private int memoizedSerializedSize = -1;
-    public override int SerializedSize {
-      get {
-        int size = memoizedSerializedSize;
-        if (size != -1) return size;
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      return Equals(other as StreamingOutputCallResponse);
+    }
 
-        size = 0;
-        if (hasPayload) {
-          size += pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(1, Payload);
-        }
-        size += UnknownFields.SerializedSize;
-        memoizedSerializedSize = size;
-        return size;
+    public bool Equals(StreamingOutputCallResponse other) {
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (ReferenceEquals(other, this)) {
+        return true;
       }
+      if (!object.Equals(Payload, other.Payload)) return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ByteString data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(byte[] data, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(data, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseDelimitedFrom(global::System.IO.Stream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return CreateBuilder().MergeDelimitedFrom(input, extensionRegistry).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    public static StreamingOutputCallResponse ParseFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-      return ((Builder) CreateBuilder().MergeFrom(input, extensionRegistry)).BuildParsed();
-    }
-    private StreamingOutputCallResponse MakeReadOnly() {
-      return this;
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      int hash = 1;
+      if (payload_ != null) hash ^= Payload.GetHashCode();
+      return hash;
     }
 
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder() { return new Builder(); }
-    public override Builder ToBuilder() { return CreateBuilder(this); }
-    public override Builder CreateBuilderForType() { return new Builder(); }
-    public static Builder CreateBuilder(StreamingOutputCallResponse prototype) {
-      return new Builder(prototype);
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return pb::JsonFormatter.Default.Format(this);
     }
 
-    [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
-    public sealed partial class Builder : pb::GeneratedBuilder<StreamingOutputCallResponse, Builder> {
-      protected override Builder ThisBuilder {
-        get { return this; }
-      }
-      public Builder() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-      internal Builder(StreamingOutputCallResponse cloneFrom) {
-        result = cloneFrom;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-      }
-
-      private bool resultIsReadOnly;
-      private StreamingOutputCallResponse result;
-
-      private StreamingOutputCallResponse PrepareBuilder() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          StreamingOutputCallResponse original = result;
-          result = new StreamingOutputCallResponse();
-          resultIsReadOnly = false;
-          MergeFrom(original);
-        }
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      public override bool IsInitialized {
-        get { return result.IsInitialized; }
-      }
-
-      protected override StreamingOutputCallResponse MessageBeingBuilt {
-        get { return PrepareBuilder(); }
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clear() {
-        result = DefaultInstance;
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder Clone() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return new Builder(result);
-        } else {
-          return new Builder().MergeFrom(result);
-        }
-      }
-
-      public override pbd::MessageDescriptor DescriptorForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.Descriptor; }
+    public void WriteTo(pb::CodedOutputStream output) {
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        output.WriteRawTag(10);
+        output.WriteMessage(Payload);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingOutputCallResponse DefaultInstanceForType {
-        get { return global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.DefaultInstance; }
+    public int CalculateSize() {
+      int size = 0;
+      if (payload_ != null) {
+        size += 1 + pb::CodedOutputStream.ComputeMessageSize(Payload);
       }
+      return size;
+    }
 
-      public override StreamingOutputCallResponse BuildPartial() {
-        if (resultIsReadOnly) {
-          return result;
-        }
-        resultIsReadOnly = true;
-        return result.MakeReadOnly();
+    public void MergeFrom(StreamingOutputCallResponse other) {
+      if (other == null) {
+        return;
       }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::IMessage other) {
-        if (other is StreamingOutputCallResponse) {
-          return MergeFrom((StreamingOutputCallResponse) other);
-        } else {
-          base.MergeFrom(other);
-          return this;
+      if (other.payload_ != null) {
+        if (payload_ == null) {
+          payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
         }
+        Payload.MergeFrom(other.Payload);
       }
+    }
 
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(StreamingOutputCallResponse other) {
-        if (other == global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.DefaultInstance) return this;
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (other.HasPayload) {
-          MergePayload(other.Payload);
-        }
-        this.MergeUnknownFields(other.UnknownFields);
-        return this;
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input) {
-        return MergeFrom(input, pb::ExtensionRegistry.Empty);
-      }
-
-      public override Builder MergeFrom(pb::ICodedInputStream input, pb::ExtensionRegistry extensionRegistry) {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        pb::UnknownFieldSet.Builder unknownFields = null;
-        uint tag;
-        string field_name;
-        while (input.ReadTag(out tag, out field_name)) {
-          if(tag == 0 && field_name != null) {
-            int field_ordinal = global::System.Array.BinarySearch(_streamingOutputCallResponseFieldNames, field_name, global::System.StringComparer.Ordinal);
-            if(field_ordinal >= 0)
-              tag = _streamingOutputCallResponseFieldTags[field_ordinal];
-            else {
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              continue;
-            }
-          }
-          switch (tag) {
-            case 0: {
-              throw pb::InvalidProtocolBufferException.InvalidTag();
-            }
-            default: {
-              if (pb::WireFormat.IsEndGroupTag(tag)) {
-                if (unknownFields != null) {
-                  this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-                }
-                return this;
-              }
-              if (unknownFields == null) {
-                unknownFields = pb::UnknownFieldSet.CreateBuilder(this.UnknownFields);
-              }
-              ParseUnknownField(input, unknownFields, extensionRegistry, tag, field_name);
-              break;
-            }
-            case 10: {
-              global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder subBuilder = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder();
-              if (result.hasPayload) {
-                subBuilder.MergeFrom(Payload);
-              }
-              input.ReadMessage(subBuilder, extensionRegistry);
-              Payload = subBuilder.BuildPartial();
-              break;
+    public void MergeFrom(pb::CodedInputStream input) {
+      uint tag;
+      while ((tag = input.ReadTag()) != 0) {
+        switch(tag) {
+          default:
+            input.SkipLastField();
+            break;
+          case 10: {
+            if (payload_ == null) {
+              payload_ = new global::Grpc.Testing.Payload();
             }
+            input.ReadMessage(payload_);
+            break;
           }
         }
-
-        if (unknownFields != null) {
-          this.UnknownFields = unknownFields.Build();
-        }
-        return this;
-      }
-
-
-      public bool HasPayload {
-       get { return result.hasPayload; }
-      }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Payload Payload {
-        get { return result.Payload; }
-        set { SetPayload(value); }
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = value;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder SetPayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload.Builder builderForValue) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(builderForValue, "builderForValue");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        result.payload_ = builderForValue.Build();
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder MergePayload(global::grpc.testing.Payload value) {
-        pb::ThrowHelper.ThrowIfNull(value, "value");
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        if (result.hasPayload &&
-            result.payload_ != global::grpc.testing.Payload.DefaultInstance) {
-            result.payload_ = global::grpc.testing.Payload.CreateBuilder(result.payload_).MergeFrom(value).BuildPartial();
-        } else {
-          result.payload_ = value;
-        }
-        result.hasPayload = true;
-        return this;
-      }
-      public Builder ClearPayload() {
-        PrepareBuilder();
-        result.hasPayload = false;
-        result.payload_ = null;
-        return this;
       }
     }
-    static StreamingOutputCallResponse() {
-      object.ReferenceEquals(global::grpc.testing.Messages.Descriptor, null);
-    }
+
   }
 
   #endregion
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/SslCredentialsTest.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/SslCredentialsTest.cs
index 842795374f..37b2518c21 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/SslCredentialsTest.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/SslCredentialsTest.cs
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using grpc.testing;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
+using Grpc.Testing;
 using NUnit.Framework;
 
 namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ namespace Grpc.IntegrationTesting
         [Test]
         public void AuthenticatedClientAndServer()
         {
-            var response = client.UnaryCall(SimpleRequest.CreateBuilder().SetResponseSize(10).Build());
+            var response = client.UnaryCall(new SimpleRequest { ResponseSize = 10 });
             Assert.AreEqual(10, response.Payload.Body.Length);
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Test.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Test.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..466ec57d3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/Test.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+// source: test.proto
+#pragma warning disable 1591, 0612, 3021
+#region Designer generated code
+
+using pb = global::Google.Protobuf;
+using pbc = global::Google.Protobuf.Collections;
+using pbr = global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection;
+using scg = global::System.Collections.Generic;
+namespace Grpc.Testing {
+
+  [global::System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
+  public static partial class Test {
+
+    #region Descriptor
+    public static pbr::FileDescriptor Descriptor {
+      get { return descriptor; }
+    }
+    private static pbr::FileDescriptor descriptor;
+
+    static Test() {
+      byte[] descriptorData = global::System.Convert.FromBase64String(
+          string.Concat(
+            "Cgp0ZXN0LnByb3RvEgxncnBjLnRlc3RpbmcaC2VtcHR5LnByb3RvGg5tZXNz", 
+            "YWdlcy5wcm90bzK7BAoLVGVzdFNlcnZpY2USNQoJRW1wdHlDYWxsEhMuZ3Jw", 
+            "Yy50ZXN0aW5nLkVtcHR5GhMuZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLkVtcHR5EkYKCVVuYXJ5", 
+            "Q2FsbBIbLmdycGMudGVzdGluZy5TaW1wbGVSZXF1ZXN0GhwuZ3JwYy50ZXN0", 
+            "aW5nLlNpbXBsZVJlc3BvbnNlEmwKE1N0cmVhbWluZ091dHB1dENhbGwSKC5n", 
+            "cnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuU3RyZWFtaW5nT3V0cHV0Q2FsbFJlcXVlc3QaKS5ncnBj", 
+            "LnRlc3RpbmcuU3RyZWFtaW5nT3V0cHV0Q2FsbFJlc3BvbnNlMAESaQoSU3Ry", 
+            "ZWFtaW5nSW5wdXRDYWxsEicuZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlN0cmVhbWluZ0lucHV0", 
+            "Q2FsbFJlcXVlc3QaKC5ncnBjLnRlc3RpbmcuU3RyZWFtaW5nSW5wdXRDYWxs", 
+            "UmVzcG9uc2UoARJpCg5GdWxsRHVwbGV4Q2FsbBIoLmdycGMudGVzdGluZy5T", 
+            "dHJlYW1pbmdPdXRwdXRDYWxsUmVxdWVzdBopLmdycGMudGVzdGluZy5TdHJl", 
+            "YW1pbmdPdXRwdXRDYWxsUmVzcG9uc2UoATABEmkKDkhhbGZEdXBsZXhDYWxs", 
+            "EiguZ3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlN0cmVhbWluZ091dHB1dENhbGxSZXF1ZXN0Giku", 
+            "Z3JwYy50ZXN0aW5nLlN0cmVhbWluZ091dHB1dENhbGxSZXNwb25zZSgBMAFi", 
+            "BnByb3RvMw=="));
+      descriptor = pbr::FileDescriptor.InternalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(descriptorData,
+          new pbr::FileDescriptor[] { global::Grpc.Testing.Proto.Empty.Descriptor, global::Grpc.Testing.Messages.Descriptor, },
+          new pbr::GeneratedCodeInfo(null, null));
+    }
+    #endregion
+
+  }
+}
+
+#endregion Designer generated code
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestCredentials.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestCredentials.cs
index da0b7fb910..7a48d6e92e 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestCredentials.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestCredentials.cs
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@ using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using Google.ProtocolBuffers;
-using grpc.testing;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 using NUnit.Framework;
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestGrpc.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestGrpc.cs
index 697acb53d8..f63e148475 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestGrpc.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestGrpc.cs
@@ -7,91 +7,97 @@ using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Grpc.Core;
 
-namespace grpc.testing {
+namespace Grpc.Testing {
   public static class TestService
   {
     static readonly string __ServiceName = "grpc.testing.TestService";
 
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.Empty> __Marshaller_Empty = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.Empty.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest> __Marshaller_SimpleRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> __Marshaller_SimpleResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest> __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest> __Marshaller_StreamingInputCallRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.ParseFrom);
-    static readonly Marshaller<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> __Marshaller_StreamingInputCallResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => arg.ToByteArray(), global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> __Marshaller_Empty = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.Empty.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest> __Marshaller_SimpleRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> __Marshaller_SimpleResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest> __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest> __Marshaller_StreamingInputCallRequest = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest.Parser.ParseFrom);
+    static readonly Marshaller<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> __Marshaller_StreamingInputCallResponse = Marshallers.Create((arg) => global::Google.Protobuf.MessageExtensions.ToByteArray(arg), global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse.Parser.ParseFrom);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::grpc.testing.Empty, global::grpc.testing.Empty> __Method_EmptyCall = new Method<global::grpc.testing.Empty, global::grpc.testing.Empty>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty, global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> __Method_EmptyCall = new Method<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty, global::Grpc.Testing.Empty>(
         MethodType.Unary,
         __ServiceName,
         "EmptyCall",
         __Marshaller_Empty,
         __Marshaller_Empty);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest, global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> __Method_UnaryCall = new Method<global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest, global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> __Method_UnaryCall = new Method<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse>(
         MethodType.Unary,
         __ServiceName,
         "UnaryCall",
         __Marshaller_SimpleRequest,
         __Marshaller_SimpleResponse);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Method_StreamingOutputCall = new Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Method_StreamingOutputCall = new Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse>(
         MethodType.ServerStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "StreamingOutputCall",
         __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallRequest,
         __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallResponse);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> __Method_StreamingInputCall = new Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> __Method_StreamingInputCall = new Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse>(
         MethodType.ClientStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "StreamingInputCall",
         __Marshaller_StreamingInputCallRequest,
         __Marshaller_StreamingInputCallResponse);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Method_FullDuplexCall = new Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Method_FullDuplexCall = new Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse>(
         MethodType.DuplexStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "FullDuplexCall",
         __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallRequest,
         __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallResponse);
 
-    static readonly Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Method_HalfDuplexCall = new Method<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse>(
+    static readonly Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> __Method_HalfDuplexCall = new Method<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse>(
         MethodType.DuplexStreaming,
         __ServiceName,
         "HalfDuplexCall",
         __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallRequest,
         __Marshaller_StreamingOutputCallResponse);
 
+    // service descriptor
+    public static global::Google.Protobuf.Reflection.ServiceDescriptor Descriptor
+    {
+      get { return global::Grpc.Testing.Test.Descriptor.Services[0]; }
+    }
+
     // client interface
     public interface ITestServiceClient
     {
-      global::grpc.testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      global::grpc.testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, CallOptions options);
-      global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, CallOptions options);
-      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(CallOptions options);
-      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(CallOptions options);
-      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
-      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(CallOptions options);
+      global::Grpc.Testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      global::Grpc.Testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, CallOptions options);
+      global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, CallOptions options);
+      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(CallOptions options);
+      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(CallOptions options);
+      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
+      AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(CallOptions options);
     }
 
     // server-side interface
     public interface ITestService
     {
-      Task<global::grpc.testing.Empty> EmptyCall(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCall(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task StreamingOutputCall(global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, IServerStreamWriter<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(IAsyncStreamReader<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest> requestStream, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task FullDuplexCall(IAsyncStreamReader<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
-      Task HalfDuplexCall(IAsyncStreamReader<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> EmptyCall(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCall(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task StreamingOutputCall(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, IServerStreamWriter<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(IAsyncStreamReader<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest> requestStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task FullDuplexCall(IAsyncStreamReader<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
+      Task HalfDuplexCall(IAsyncStreamReader<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context);
     }
 
     // client stub
@@ -100,82 +106,82 @@ namespace grpc.testing {
       public TestServiceClient(Channel channel) : base(channel)
       {
       }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public global::Grpc.Testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_EmptyCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public global::grpc.testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, CallOptions options)
+      public global::Grpc.Testing.Empty EmptyCall(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_EmptyCall, options);
         return Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_EmptyCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.Empty request, CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.Empty> EmptyCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.Empty request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_EmptyCall, options);
         return Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_UnaryCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options)
+      public global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse UnaryCall(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_UnaryCall, options);
         return Calls.BlockingUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_UnaryCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::grpc.testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::grpc.testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncUnaryCall<global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleResponse> UnaryCallAsync(global::Grpc.Testing.SimpleRequest request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_UnaryCall, options);
         return Calls.AsyncUnaryCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_StreamingOutputCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncServerStreamingCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncServerStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> StreamingOutputCall(global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest request, CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_StreamingOutputCall, options);
         return Calls.AsyncServerStreamingCall(call, request);
       }
-      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_StreamingInputCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncClientStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingInputCallResponse> StreamingInputCall(CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_StreamingInputCall, options);
         return Calls.AsyncClientStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_FullDuplexCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> FullDuplexCall(CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_FullDuplexCall, options);
         return Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
+      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(Metadata headers = null, DateTime? deadline = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_HalfDuplexCall, new CallOptions(headers, deadline, cancellationToken));
         return Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(call);
       }
-      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::grpc.testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(CallOptions options)
+      public AsyncDuplexStreamingCall<global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallRequest, global::Grpc.Testing.StreamingOutputCallResponse> HalfDuplexCall(CallOptions options)
       {
         var call = CreateCall(__Method_HalfDuplexCall, options);
         return Calls.AsyncDuplexStreamingCall(call);
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestServiceImpl.cs b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestServiceImpl.cs
index ceebd5dd8c..c5bfcf08c0 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestServiceImpl.cs
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/TestServiceImpl.cs
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using Google.ProtocolBuffers;
+using Google.Protobuf;
 using Grpc.Core;
 using Grpc.Core.Utils;
 
-namespace grpc.testing
+namespace Grpc.Testing
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Implementation of TestService server
@@ -48,22 +48,20 @@ namespace grpc.testing
     {
         public Task<Empty> EmptyCall(Empty request, ServerCallContext context)
         {
-            return Task.FromResult(Empty.DefaultInstance);
+            return Task.FromResult(new Empty());
         }
 
         public Task<SimpleResponse> UnaryCall(SimpleRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
         {
-            var response = SimpleResponse.CreateBuilder()
-                .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(request.ResponseSize)).Build();
+            var response = new SimpleResponse { Payload = CreateZerosPayload(request.ResponseSize) };
             return Task.FromResult(response);
         }
 
         public async Task StreamingOutputCall(StreamingOutputCallRequest request, IServerStreamWriter<StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context)
         {
-            foreach (var responseParam in request.ResponseParametersList)
+            foreach (var responseParam in request.ResponseParameters)
             {
-                var response = StreamingOutputCallResponse.CreateBuilder()
-                    .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(responseParam.Size)).Build();
+                var response = new StreamingOutputCallResponse { Payload = CreateZerosPayload(responseParam.Size) };
                 await responseStream.WriteAsync(response);
             }
         }
@@ -75,17 +73,16 @@ namespace grpc.testing
             {
                 sum += request.Payload.Body.Length;
             });
-            return StreamingInputCallResponse.CreateBuilder().SetAggregatedPayloadSize(sum).Build();
+            return new StreamingInputCallResponse { AggregatedPayloadSize = sum };
         }
 
         public async Task FullDuplexCall(IAsyncStreamReader<StreamingOutputCallRequest> requestStream, IServerStreamWriter<StreamingOutputCallResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context)
         {
             await requestStream.ForEachAsync(async request =>
             {
-                foreach (var responseParam in request.ResponseParametersList)
+                foreach (var responseParam in request.ResponseParameters)
                 {
-                    var response = StreamingOutputCallResponse.CreateBuilder()
-                        .SetPayload(CreateZerosPayload(responseParam.Size)).Build();
+                    var response = new StreamingOutputCallResponse { Payload = CreateZerosPayload(responseParam.Size) };
                     await responseStream.WriteAsync(response);
                 }
             });
@@ -98,7 +95,7 @@ namespace grpc.testing
 
         private static Payload CreateZerosPayload(int size)
         {
-            return Payload.CreateBuilder().SetBody(ByteString.CopyFrom(new byte[size])).Build();
+            return new Payload { Body = ByteString.CopyFrom(new byte[size]) };
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/packages.config b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/packages.config
index 0867b091b9..8dfded1964 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/packages.config
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/packages.config
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
   <package id="BouncyCastle" version="1.7.0" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Google.Apis.Auth" version="1.9.3" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Google.Apis.Core" version="1.9.3" targetFramework="net45" />
+  <package id="Google.Protobuf" version="3.0.0-alpha4" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Google.ProtocolBuffers" version="2.4.1.521" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Ix-Async" version="1.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
   <package id="Microsoft.Bcl" version="1.1.10" targetFramework="net45" />
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/empty.proto b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/empty.proto
index 4295a0a960..6d0eb937d6 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/empty.proto
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/empty.proto
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-syntax = "proto2";
+syntax = "proto3";
 
 package grpc.testing;
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/messages.proto b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/messages.proto
index 65a8140465..7df85e3c13 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/messages.proto
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/messages.proto
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 // Message definitions to be used by integration test service definitions.
 
-syntax = "proto2";
+syntax = "proto3";
 
 package grpc.testing;
 
@@ -49,46 +49,46 @@ enum PayloadType {
 // A block of data, to simply increase gRPC message size.
 message Payload {
   // The type of data in body.
-  optional PayloadType type = 1;
+  PayloadType type = 1;
   // Primary contents of payload.
-  optional bytes body = 2;
+  bytes body = 2;
 }
 
 // Unary request.
 message SimpleRequest {
   // Desired payload type in the response from the server.
   // If response_type is RANDOM, server randomly chooses one from other formats.
-  optional PayloadType response_type = 1;
+  PayloadType response_type = 1;
 
   // Desired payload size in the response from the server.
   // If response_type is COMPRESSABLE, this denotes the size before compression.
-  optional int32 response_size = 2;
+  int32 response_size = 2;
 
   // Optional input payload sent along with the request.
-  optional Payload payload = 3;
+  Payload payload = 3;
 
   // Whether SimpleResponse should include username.
-  optional bool fill_username = 4;
+  bool fill_username = 4;
 
   // Whether SimpleResponse should include OAuth scope.
-  optional bool fill_oauth_scope = 5;
+  bool fill_oauth_scope = 5;
 }
 
 // Unary response, as configured by the request.
 message SimpleResponse {
   // Payload to increase message size.
-  optional Payload payload = 1;
+  Payload payload = 1;
   // The user the request came from, for verifying authentication was
   // successful when the client expected it.
-  optional string username = 2;
+  string username = 2;
   // OAuth scope.
-  optional string oauth_scope = 3;
+  string oauth_scope = 3;
 }
 
 // Client-streaming request.
 message StreamingInputCallRequest {
   // Optional input payload sent along with the request.
-  optional Payload payload = 1;
+  Payload payload = 1;
 
   // Not expecting any payload from the response.
 }
@@ -96,18 +96,18 @@ message StreamingInputCallRequest {
 // Client-streaming response.
 message StreamingInputCallResponse {
   // Aggregated size of payloads received from the client.
-  optional int32 aggregated_payload_size = 1;
+  int32 aggregated_payload_size = 1;
 }
 
 // Configuration for a particular response.
 message ResponseParameters {
   // Desired payload sizes in responses from the server.
   // If response_type is COMPRESSABLE, this denotes the size before compression.
-  optional int32 size = 1;
+  int32 size = 1;
 
   // Desired interval between consecutive responses in the response stream in
   // microseconds.
-  optional int32 interval_us = 2;
+  int32 interval_us = 2;
 }
 
 // Server-streaming request.
@@ -116,17 +116,17 @@ message StreamingOutputCallRequest {
   // If response_type is RANDOM, the payload from each response in the stream
   // might be of different types. This is to simulate a mixed type of payload
   // stream.
-  optional PayloadType response_type = 1;
+  PayloadType response_type = 1;
 
   // Configuration for each expected response message.
   repeated ResponseParameters response_parameters = 2;
 
   // Optional input payload sent along with the request.
-  optional Payload payload = 3;
+  Payload payload = 3;
 }
 
 // Server-streaming response, as configured by the request and parameters.
 message StreamingOutputCallResponse {
   // Payload to increase response size.
-  optional Payload payload = 1;
+  Payload payload = 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/test.proto b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/test.proto
index 927a3a83aa..f9e0d2a039 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/test.proto
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.IntegrationTesting/proto/test.proto
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 // An integration test service that covers all the method signature permutations
 // of unary/streaming requests/responses.
-syntax = "proto2";
+syntax = "proto3";
 
 import "empty.proto";
 import "messages.proto";
diff --git a/src/csharp/Grpc.Tools.nuspec b/src/csharp/Grpc.Tools.nuspec
index eabf5dc7db..48a7b1f3af 100644
--- a/src/csharp/Grpc.Tools.nuspec
+++ b/src/csharp/Grpc.Tools.nuspec
@@ -4,19 +4,18 @@
     <id>Grpc.Tools</id>
     <title>gRPC C# Tools</title>
     <summary>Tools for C# implementation of gRPC - an RPC library and framework</summary>
-    <description>Precompiled Windows binaries for generating protocol buffer messages and gRPC client/server code</description>
+    <description>Precompiled Windows binary for generating gRPC client/server code</description>
     <version>$version$</version>
     <authors>Google Inc.</authors>
     <owners>grpc-packages</owners>
     <licenseUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/LICENSE</licenseUrl>
     <projectUrl>https://github.com/grpc/grpc</projectUrl>
     <requireLicenseAcceptance>false</requireLicenseAcceptance>
-    <releaseNotes>protoc.exe - protocol buffer compiler v3.0.0-alpha-3; grpc_csharp_plugin.exe - gRPC C# protoc plugin version $version$</releaseNotes>
+    <releaseNotes>grpc_csharp_plugin.exe - gRPC C# protoc plugin version $version$</releaseNotes>
     <copyright>Copyright 2015, Google Inc.</copyright>
     <tags>gRPC RPC Protocol HTTP/2</tags>
   </metadata>
   <files>
-    <file src="protoc.exe" target="tools" />
-    <file src="grpc_csharp_plugin.exe" target="tools" />
+    <file src="..\..\vsprojects\Release\grpc_csharp_plugin.exe" target="tools" />
   </files>
 </package>
diff --git a/src/csharp/README.md b/src/csharp/README.md
index bb5e165986..30523b3bd2 100644
--- a/src/csharp/README.md
+++ b/src/csharp/README.md
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Usage: Windows
   That will also pull all the transitive dependencies (including the native libraries that
   gRPC C# is internally using).
 
-- Helloworld project example can be found in https://github.com/grpc/grpc-common/tree/master/csharp.
+- Helloworld project example can be found in https://github.com/grpc/grpc/tree/master/examples/csharp.
 
 Usage: Linux (Mono)
 --------------
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Usage: Linux (Mono)
 
 - Add NuGet package `Grpc` as a dependency (Project -> Add NuGet packages).
 
-- Helloworld project example can be found in https://github.com/grpc/grpc-common/tree/master/csharp.
+- Helloworld project example can be found in https://github.com/grpc/grpc/tree/master/examples/csharp.
 
 Usage: MacOS (Mono)
 --------------
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Usage: MacOS (Mono)
 - *You will be able to build your project in Xamarin Studio, but to run or test it,
   you will need to run it under 64-bit version of Mono.*
 
-- Helloworld project example can be found in https://github.com/grpc/grpc-common/tree/master/csharp.
+- Helloworld project example can be found in https://github.com/grpc/grpc/tree/master/examples/csharp.
 
 Building: Windows
 -----------------
diff --git a/src/csharp/build_packages.bat b/src/csharp/build_packages.bat
index 8a11d01430..255b7469ab 100644
--- a/src/csharp/build_packages.bat
+++ b/src/csharp/build_packages.bat
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 @rem Builds gRPC NuGet packages
 
 @rem Current package versions
-set VERSION=0.6.1
-set CORE_VERSION=0.10.1
+set VERSION=0.7.0
+set CORE_VERSION=0.11.0
+set PROTOBUF_VERSION=3.0.0-alpha4
 
 @rem Adjust the location of nuget.exe
 set NUGET=C:\nuget\nuget.exe
@@ -14,10 +15,12 @@ endlocal
 
 @call buildall.bat BUILD_SIGNED || goto :error
 
+@call ..\..\vsprojects\build_plugins.bat || goto :error
+
 %NUGET% pack ..\..\vsprojects\nuget_package\grpc.native.csharp_ext.nuspec -Version %CORE_VERSION% || goto :error
 %NUGET% pack Grpc.Auth\Grpc.Auth.nuspec -Symbols -Version %VERSION% || goto :error
 %NUGET% pack Grpc.Core\Grpc.Core.nuspec -Symbols -Version %VERSION% -Properties GrpcNativeCsharpExtVersion=%CORE_VERSION% || goto :error
-%NUGET% pack Grpc.HealthCheck\Grpc.HealthCheck.nuspec -Symbols -Version %VERSION% || goto :error
+%NUGET% pack Grpc.HealthCheck\Grpc.HealthCheck.nuspec -Symbols -Version %VERSION% -Properties ProtobufVersion=%PROTOBUF_VERSION% || goto :error
 %NUGET% pack Grpc.Tools.nuspec -Version %VERSION% || goto :error
 %NUGET% pack Grpc.nuspec -Version %VERSION% || goto :error
 
diff --git a/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj b/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj
index 05c93f4a13..d9b9749819 100644
--- a/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj
+++ b/src/csharp/doc/grpc_csharp_public.shfbproj
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@
     <Language>en-US</Language>
     <DocumentationSources>
       <DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Auth\Grpc.Auth.csproj" />
-<DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Core\Grpc.Core.csproj" /></DocumentationSources>
+      <DocumentationSource sourceFile="..\Grpc.Core\Grpc.Core.csproj" />
+    </DocumentationSources>
     <BuildAssemblerVerbosity>OnlyWarningsAndErrors</BuildAssemblerVerbosity>
     <HelpFileFormat>Website</HelpFileFormat>
     <IndentHtml>False</IndentHtml>
@@ -37,6 +38,15 @@
     <HelpTitle>gRPC C#</HelpTitle>
     <ContentPlacement>AboveNamespaces</ContentPlacement>
     <HtmlHelpName>Documentation</HtmlHelpName>
+    <NamespaceSummaries>
+      <NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Auth" isDocumented="True">Provides OAuth2 based authentication for gRPC. &lt;c&gt;Grpc.Auth&lt;/c&gt; currently consists of a set of very lightweight wrappers and uses C# &lt;a href="https://www.nuget.org/packages/Google.Apis.Auth/"&gt;Google.Apis.Auth&lt;/a&gt; library.</NamespaceSummaryItem>
+<NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Core" isDocumented="True">Main namespace for gRPC C# functionality. Contains concepts representing both client side and server side gRPC logic.
+
+&lt;seealso cref="Grpc.Core.Channel"/&gt; 
+&lt;seealso cref="Grpc.Core.Server"/&gt;</NamespaceSummaryItem>
+<NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Core.Logging" isDocumented="True">Provides functionality to redirect gRPC logs to application-specified destination.</NamespaceSummaryItem>
+<NamespaceSummaryItem name="Grpc.Core.Utils" isDocumented="True">Various utilities for gRPC C#.</NamespaceSummaryItem></NamespaceSummaries>
+    <MissingTags>Summary, Parameter, AutoDocumentCtors, Namespace, TypeParameter, AutoDocumentDispose</MissingTags>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <!-- There are no properties for these groups.  AnyCPU needs to appear in order for Visual Studio to perform
 			 the build.  The others are optional common platform types that may appear. -->
diff --git a/src/csharp/ext/grpc_csharp_ext.c b/src/csharp/ext/grpc_csharp_ext.c
index fc9470f93f..70c0fbcc50 100644
--- a/src/csharp/ext/grpc_csharp_ext.c
+++ b/src/csharp/ext/grpc_csharp_ext.c
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ GPR_EXPORT grpc_call_error GPR_CALLTYPE grpcsharp_call_start_server_streaming(
     grpc_call *call, grpcsharp_batch_context *ctx, const char *send_buffer,
     size_t send_buffer_len, grpc_metadata_array *initial_metadata, gpr_uint32 write_flags) {
   /* TODO: don't use magic number */
-  grpc_op ops[5];
+  grpc_op ops[4];
   ops[0].op = GRPC_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA;
   grpcsharp_metadata_array_move(&(ctx->send_initial_metadata),
                                 initial_metadata);
@@ -615,23 +615,18 @@ GPR_EXPORT grpc_call_error GPR_CALLTYPE grpcsharp_call_start_server_streaming(
   ops[2].flags = 0;
   ops[2].reserved = NULL;
 
-  ops[3].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA;
-  ops[3].data.recv_initial_metadata = &(ctx->recv_initial_metadata);
-  ops[3].flags = 0;
-  ops[3].reserved = NULL;
-
-  ops[4].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT;
-  ops[4].data.recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata =
+  ops[3].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT;
+  ops[3].data.recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata);
-  ops[4].data.recv_status_on_client.status =
+  ops[3].data.recv_status_on_client.status =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.status);
   /* not using preallocation for status_details */
-  ops[4].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details =
+  ops[3].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.status_details);
-  ops[4].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details_capacity =
+  ops[3].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details_capacity =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.status_details_capacity);
-  ops[4].flags = 0;
-  ops[4].reserved = NULL;
+  ops[3].flags = 0;
+  ops[3].reserved = NULL;
 
   return grpc_call_start_batch(call, ops, sizeof(ops) / sizeof(ops[0]), ctx,
                                NULL);
@@ -642,7 +637,7 @@ grpcsharp_call_start_duplex_streaming(grpc_call *call,
                                       grpcsharp_batch_context *ctx,
                                       grpc_metadata_array *initial_metadata) {
   /* TODO: don't use magic number */
-  grpc_op ops[3];
+  grpc_op ops[2];
   ops[0].op = GRPC_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA;
   grpcsharp_metadata_array_move(&(ctx->send_initial_metadata),
                                 initial_metadata);
@@ -652,28 +647,36 @@ grpcsharp_call_start_duplex_streaming(grpc_call *call,
   ops[0].flags = 0;
   ops[0].reserved = NULL;
 
-  ops[1].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA;
-  ops[1].data.recv_initial_metadata = &(ctx->recv_initial_metadata);
-  ops[1].flags = 0;
-  ops[1].reserved = NULL;
-
-  ops[2].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT;
-  ops[2].data.recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata =
+  ops[1].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT;
+  ops[1].data.recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata);
-  ops[2].data.recv_status_on_client.status =
+  ops[1].data.recv_status_on_client.status =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.status);
   /* not using preallocation for status_details */
-  ops[2].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details =
+  ops[1].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.status_details);
-  ops[2].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details_capacity =
+  ops[1].data.recv_status_on_client.status_details_capacity =
       &(ctx->recv_status_on_client.status_details_capacity);
-  ops[2].flags = 0;
-  ops[2].reserved = NULL;
+  ops[1].flags = 0;
+  ops[1].reserved = NULL;
 
   return grpc_call_start_batch(call, ops, sizeof(ops) / sizeof(ops[0]), ctx,
                                NULL);
 }
 
+GPR_EXPORT grpc_call_error GPR_CALLTYPE grpcsharp_call_recv_initial_metadata(
+	grpc_call *call, grpcsharp_batch_context *ctx) {
+	/* TODO: don't use magic number */
+	grpc_op ops[1];
+	ops[0].op = GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA;
+	ops[0].data.recv_initial_metadata = &(ctx->recv_initial_metadata);
+	ops[0].flags = 0;
+	ops[0].reserved = NULL;
+
+	return grpc_call_start_batch(call, ops, sizeof(ops) / sizeof(ops[0]), ctx,
+		NULL);
+}
+
 GPR_EXPORT grpc_call_error GPR_CALLTYPE
 grpcsharp_call_send_message(grpc_call *call, grpcsharp_batch_context *ctx,
                             const char *send_buffer, size_t send_buffer_len,
@@ -834,11 +837,11 @@ grpcsharp_ssl_credentials_create(const char *pem_root_certs,
   if (key_cert_pair_cert_chain || key_cert_pair_private_key) {
     key_cert_pair.cert_chain = key_cert_pair_cert_chain;
     key_cert_pair.private_key = key_cert_pair_private_key;
-    return grpc_ssl_credentials_create(pem_root_certs, &key_cert_pair);
+    return grpc_ssl_credentials_create(pem_root_certs, &key_cert_pair, NULL);
   } else {
     GPR_ASSERT(!key_cert_pair_cert_chain);
     GPR_ASSERT(!key_cert_pair_private_key);
-    return grpc_ssl_credentials_create(pem_root_certs, NULL);
+    return grpc_ssl_credentials_create(pem_root_certs, NULL, NULL);
   }
 }
 
@@ -849,7 +852,7 @@ GPR_EXPORT void GPR_CALLTYPE grpcsharp_credentials_release(grpc_credentials *cre
 GPR_EXPORT grpc_channel *GPR_CALLTYPE
 grpcsharp_secure_channel_create(grpc_credentials *creds, const char *target,
                                 const grpc_channel_args *args) {
-  return grpc_secure_channel_create(creds, target, args);
+  return grpc_secure_channel_create(creds, target, args, NULL);
 }
 
 GPR_EXPORT grpc_server_credentials *GPR_CALLTYPE
@@ -873,7 +876,7 @@ grpcsharp_ssl_server_credentials_create(
   }
   creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(pem_root_certs, key_cert_pairs,
                                              num_key_cert_pairs,
-                                             force_client_auth);
+                                             force_client_auth, NULL);
   gpr_free(key_cert_pairs);
   return creds;
 }
diff --git a/src/csharp/generate_proto_csharp.sh b/src/csharp/generate_proto_csharp.sh
index 7c3ba70922..a17f45b587 100755
--- a/src/csharp/generate_proto_csharp.sh
+++ b/src/csharp/generate_proto_csharp.sh
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ EXAMPLES_DIR=Grpc.Examples
 INTEROP_DIR=Grpc.IntegrationTesting
 HEALTHCHECK_DIR=Grpc.HealthCheck
 
-$PROTOC --plugin=$PLUGIN --grpc_out=$EXAMPLES_DIR \
+$PROTOC --plugin=$PLUGIN --csharp_out=$EXAMPLES_DIR --grpc_out=$EXAMPLES_DIR \
     -I $EXAMPLES_DIR/proto $EXAMPLES_DIR/proto/math.proto
 
-$PROTOC --plugin=$PLUGIN --grpc_out=$INTEROP_DIR \
-    -I $INTEROP_DIR/proto $INTEROP_DIR/proto/test.proto
+$PROTOC --plugin=$PLUGIN --csharp_out=$INTEROP_DIR --grpc_out=$INTEROP_DIR \
+    -I $INTEROP_DIR/proto $INTEROP_DIR/proto/*.proto
 
-$PROTOC --plugin=$PLUGIN --grpc_out=$HEALTHCHECK_DIR \
+$PROTOC --plugin=$PLUGIN --csharp_out=$HEALTHCHECK_DIR --grpc_out=$HEALTHCHECK_DIR \
     -I $HEALTHCHECK_DIR/proto $HEALTHCHECK_DIR/proto/health.proto
diff --git a/src/node/ext/call.cc b/src/node/ext/call.cc
index 18858fa334..fddc1e214f 100644
--- a/src/node/ext/call.cc
+++ b/src/node/ext/call.cc
@@ -111,17 +111,19 @@ bool CreateMetadataArray(Handle<Object> metadata, grpc_metadata_array *array,
           NanAssignPersistent(*handle, value);
           resources->handles.push_back(unique_ptr<PersistentHolder>(
               new PersistentHolder(handle)));
-          continue;
+        } else {
+          return false;
         }
-      }
-      if (value->IsString()) {
-        Handle<String> string_value = value->ToString();
-        NanUtf8String *utf8_value = new NanUtf8String(string_value);
-        resources->strings.push_back(unique_ptr<NanUtf8String>(utf8_value));
-        current->value = **utf8_value;
-        current->value_length = string_value->Length();
       } else {
-        return false;
+        if (value->IsString()) {
+          Handle<String> string_value = value->ToString();
+          NanUtf8String *utf8_value = new NanUtf8String(string_value);
+          resources->strings.push_back(unique_ptr<NanUtf8String>(utf8_value));
+          current->value = **utf8_value;
+          current->value_length = string_value->Length();
+        } else {
+          return false;
+        }
       }
       array->count += 1;
     }
@@ -156,8 +158,7 @@ Handle<Value> ParseMetadata(const grpc_metadata_array *metadata_array) {
     }
     if (EndsWith(elem->key, "-bin")) {
       array->Set(index_map[elem->key],
-                 MakeFastBuffer(
-                     NanNewBufferHandle(elem->value, elem->value_length)));
+                 NanNewBufferHandle(elem->value, elem->value_length));
     } else {
       array->Set(index_map[elem->key], NanNew(elem->value));
     }
diff --git a/src/node/ext/channel.cc b/src/node/ext/channel.cc
index a61c830099..9aed96bbf5 100644
--- a/src/node/ext/channel.cc
+++ b/src/node/ext/channel.cc
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ NAN_METHOD(Channel::New) {
                                                      NULL);
     } else {
       wrapped_channel =
-          grpc_secure_channel_create(creds, *host, channel_args_ptr);
+          grpc_secure_channel_create(creds, *host, channel_args_ptr, NULL);
     }
     if (channel_args_ptr != NULL) {
       free(channel_args_ptr->args);
diff --git a/src/node/ext/credentials.cc b/src/node/ext/credentials.cc
index 21d61f1a7f..85a823a108 100644
--- a/src/node/ext/credentials.cc
+++ b/src/node/ext/credentials.cc
@@ -156,7 +156,8 @@ NAN_METHOD(Credentials::CreateSsl) {
         "createSSl's third argument must be a Buffer if provided");
   }
   grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(
-      root_certs, key_cert_pair.private_key == NULL ? NULL : &key_cert_pair);
+      root_certs, key_cert_pair.private_key == NULL ? NULL : &key_cert_pair,
+      NULL);
   if (creds == NULL) {
     NanReturnNull();
   }
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ NAN_METHOD(Credentials::CreateComposite) {
   Credentials *creds1 = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Credentials>(args[0]->ToObject());
   Credentials *creds2 = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Credentials>(args[1]->ToObject());
   grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_composite_credentials_create(
-      creds1->wrapped_credentials, creds2->wrapped_credentials);
+      creds1->wrapped_credentials, creds2->wrapped_credentials, NULL);
   if (creds == NULL) {
     NanReturnNull();
   }
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ NAN_METHOD(Credentials::CreateComposite) {
 
 NAN_METHOD(Credentials::CreateGce) {
   NanScope();
-  grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create();
+  grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(NULL);
   if (creds == NULL) {
     NanReturnNull();
   }
@@ -202,8 +203,8 @@ NAN_METHOD(Credentials::CreateIam) {
   }
   NanUtf8String auth_token(args[0]);
   NanUtf8String auth_selector(args[1]);
-  grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_iam_credentials_create(*auth_token,
-                                                       *auth_selector);
+  grpc_credentials *creds =
+      grpc_iam_credentials_create(*auth_token, *auth_selector, NULL);
   if (creds == NULL) {
     NanReturnNull();
   }
diff --git a/src/node/ext/server.cc b/src/node/ext/server.cc
index 01217bce79..32a8ff55b1 100644
--- a/src/node/ext/server.cc
+++ b/src/node/ext/server.cc
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Server::Server(grpc_server *server) : wrapped_server(server) {
 Server::~Server() {
   this->ShutdownServer();
   grpc_completion_queue_shutdown(this->shutdown_queue);
-  grpc_server_destroy(wrapped_server);
+  grpc_server_destroy(this->wrapped_server);
   grpc_completion_queue_destroy(this->shutdown_queue);
 }
 
@@ -139,8 +139,11 @@ void Server::Init(Handle<Object> exports) {
   NanSetPrototypeTemplate(tpl, "start",
                           NanNew<FunctionTemplate>(Start)->GetFunction());
 
-  NanSetPrototypeTemplate(tpl, "shutdown",
-                          NanNew<FunctionTemplate>(Shutdown)->GetFunction());
+  NanSetPrototypeTemplate(tpl, "tryShutdown",
+                          NanNew<FunctionTemplate>(TryShutdown)->GetFunction());
+  NanSetPrototypeTemplate(
+      tpl, "forceShutdown",
+      NanNew<FunctionTemplate>(ForceShutdown)->GetFunction());
 
   NanAssignPersistent(fun_tpl, tpl);
   Handle<Function> ctr = tpl->GetFunction();
@@ -153,14 +156,12 @@ bool Server::HasInstance(Handle<Value> val) {
 }
 
 void Server::ShutdownServer() {
-  if (this->wrapped_server != NULL) {
-    grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(this->wrapped_server,
-                                    this->shutdown_queue,
-                                    NULL);
-    grpc_completion_queue_pluck(this->shutdown_queue, NULL,
-                                gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), NULL);
-    this->wrapped_server = NULL;
-  }
+  grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(this->wrapped_server,
+                                  this->shutdown_queue,
+                                  NULL);
+  grpc_server_cancel_all_calls(this->wrapped_server);
+  grpc_completion_queue_pluck(this->shutdown_queue, NULL,
+                              gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), NULL);
 }
 
 NAN_METHOD(Server::New) {
@@ -222,9 +223,6 @@ NAN_METHOD(Server::RequestCall) {
     return NanThrowTypeError("requestCall can only be called on a Server");
   }
   Server *server = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Server>(args.This());
-  if (server->wrapped_server == NULL) {
-    return NanThrowError("requestCall cannot be called on a shut down Server");
-  }
   NewCallOp *op = new NewCallOp();
   unique_ptr<OpVec> ops(new OpVec());
   ops->push_back(unique_ptr<Op>(op));
@@ -256,10 +254,6 @@ NAN_METHOD(Server::AddHttp2Port) {
         "addHttp2Port's second argument must be ServerCredentials");
   }
   Server *server = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Server>(args.This());
-  if (server->wrapped_server == NULL) {
-    return NanThrowError(
-        "addHttp2Port cannot be called on a shut down Server");
-  }
   ServerCredentials *creds_object = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<ServerCredentials>(
       args[1]->ToObject());
   grpc_server_credentials *creds = creds_object->GetWrappedServerCredentials();
@@ -281,21 +275,30 @@ NAN_METHOD(Server::Start) {
     return NanThrowTypeError("start can only be called on a Server");
   }
   Server *server = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Server>(args.This());
-  if (server->wrapped_server == NULL) {
-    return NanThrowError("start cannot be called on a shut down Server");
-  }
   grpc_server_start(server->wrapped_server);
   NanReturnUndefined();
 }
 
-NAN_METHOD(ShutdownCallback) {
+NAN_METHOD(Server::TryShutdown) {
+  NanScope();
+  if (!HasInstance(args.This())) {
+    return NanThrowTypeError("tryShutdown can only be called on a Server");
+  }
+  Server *server = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Server>(args.This());
+  unique_ptr<OpVec> ops(new OpVec());
+  grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(
+      server->wrapped_server,
+      CompletionQueueAsyncWorker::GetQueue(),
+      new struct tag(new NanCallback(args[0].As<Function>()), ops.release(),
+                     shared_ptr<Resources>(nullptr)));
+  CompletionQueueAsyncWorker::Next();
   NanReturnUndefined();
 }
 
-NAN_METHOD(Server::Shutdown) {
+NAN_METHOD(Server::ForceShutdown) {
   NanScope();
   if (!HasInstance(args.This())) {
-    return NanThrowTypeError("shutdown can only be called on a Server");
+    return NanThrowTypeError("forceShutdown can only be called on a Server");
   }
   Server *server = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<Server>(args.This());
   server->ShutdownServer();
diff --git a/src/node/ext/server.h b/src/node/ext/server.h
index faab7e3418..e7d5c3fb11 100644
--- a/src/node/ext/server.h
+++ b/src/node/ext/server.h
@@ -67,7 +67,8 @@ class Server : public ::node::ObjectWrap {
   static NAN_METHOD(RequestCall);
   static NAN_METHOD(AddHttp2Port);
   static NAN_METHOD(Start);
-  static NAN_METHOD(Shutdown);
+  static NAN_METHOD(TryShutdown);
+  static NAN_METHOD(ForceShutdown);
   static NanCallback *constructor;
   static v8::Persistent<v8::FunctionTemplate> fun_tpl;
 
diff --git a/src/node/ext/server_credentials.cc b/src/node/ext/server_credentials.cc
index 1b8e7b43fb..b1201eb664 100644
--- a/src/node/ext/server_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/node/ext/server_credentials.cc
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 namespace grpc {
 namespace node {
 
+using v8::Array;
 using v8::Exception;
 using v8::External;
 using v8::Function;
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ using v8::Local;
 using v8::Object;
 using v8::ObjectTemplate;
 using v8::Persistent;
+using v8::String;
 using v8::Value;
 
 NanCallback *ServerCredentials::constructor;
@@ -122,25 +124,63 @@ NAN_METHOD(ServerCredentials::CreateSsl) {
   // TODO: have the node API support multiple key/cert pairs.
   NanScope();
   char *root_certs = NULL;
-  grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair key_cert_pair;
   if (::node::Buffer::HasInstance(args[0])) {
     root_certs = ::node::Buffer::Data(args[0]);
   } else if (!(args[0]->IsNull() || args[0]->IsUndefined())) {
     return NanThrowTypeError(
         "createSSl's first argument must be a Buffer if provided");
   }
-  if (!::node::Buffer::HasInstance(args[1])) {
-    return NanThrowTypeError("createSsl's second argument must be a Buffer");
+  if (!args[1]->IsArray()) {
+    return NanThrowTypeError(
+        "createSsl's second argument must be a list of objects");
+  }
+  int force_client_auth = 0;
+  if (args[2]->IsBoolean()) {
+    force_client_auth = (int)args[2]->BooleanValue();
+  } else if (!(args[2]->IsUndefined() || args[2]->IsNull())) {
+    return NanThrowTypeError(
+        "createSsl's third argument must be a boolean if provided");
   }
-  key_cert_pair.private_key = ::node::Buffer::Data(args[1]);
-  if (!::node::Buffer::HasInstance(args[2])) {
-    return NanThrowTypeError("createSsl's third argument must be a Buffer");
+  Handle<Array> pair_list = Local<Array>::Cast(args[1]);
+  uint32_t key_cert_pair_count = pair_list->Length();
+  grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *key_cert_pairs = new grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair[
+      key_cert_pair_count];
+
+  Handle<String> key_key = NanNew("private_key");
+  Handle<String> cert_key = NanNew("cert_chain");
+
+  for(uint32_t i = 0; i < key_cert_pair_count; i++) {
+    if (!pair_list->Get(i)->IsObject()) {
+      delete key_cert_pairs;
+      return NanThrowTypeError("Key/cert pairs must be objects");
+    }
+    Handle<Object> pair_obj = pair_list->Get(i)->ToObject();
+    if (!pair_obj->HasOwnProperty(key_key)) {
+      delete key_cert_pairs;
+      return NanThrowTypeError(
+          "Key/cert pairs must have a private_key and a cert_chain");
+    }
+    if (!pair_obj->HasOwnProperty(cert_key)) {
+      delete key_cert_pairs;
+      return NanThrowTypeError(
+          "Key/cert pairs must have a private_key and a cert_chain");
+    }
+    if (!::node::Buffer::HasInstance(pair_obj->Get(key_key))) {
+      delete key_cert_pairs;
+      return NanThrowTypeError("private_key must be a Buffer");
+    }
+    if (!::node::Buffer::HasInstance(pair_obj->Get(cert_key))) {
+      delete key_cert_pairs;
+      return NanThrowTypeError("cert_chain must be a Buffer");
+    }
+    key_cert_pairs[i].private_key = ::node::Buffer::Data(
+        pair_obj->Get(key_key));
+    key_cert_pairs[i].cert_chain = ::node::Buffer::Data(
+        pair_obj->Get(cert_key));
   }
-  key_cert_pair.cert_chain = ::node::Buffer::Data(args[2]);
-  // TODO Add a force_client_auth parameter and pass it as the last parameter
-  // here.
-  grpc_server_credentials *creds =
-      grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(root_certs, &key_cert_pair, 1, 0);
+  grpc_server_credentials *creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(
+      root_certs, key_cert_pairs, key_cert_pair_count, force_client_auth, NULL);
+  delete key_cert_pairs;
   if (creds == NULL) {
     NanReturnNull();
   }
diff --git a/src/node/index.js b/src/node/index.js
index 889b0ac0e9..51d3fa590c 100644
--- a/src/node/index.js
+++ b/src/node/index.js
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ var client = require('./src/client.js');
 
 var server = require('./src/server.js');
 
+var Metadata = require('./src/metadata.js');
+
 var grpc = require('bindings')('grpc');
 
 /**
@@ -107,18 +109,12 @@ exports.getGoogleAuthDelegate = function getGoogleAuthDelegate(credential) {
    * @param {function(Error, Object)} callback
    */
   return function updateMetadata(authURI, metadata, callback) {
-    metadata = _.clone(metadata);
-    if (metadata.Authorization) {
-      metadata.Authorization = _.clone(metadata.Authorization);
-    } else {
-      metadata.Authorization = [];
-    }
     credential.getRequestMetadata(authURI, function(err, header) {
       if (err) {
         callback(err);
         return;
       }
-      metadata.Authorization.push(header.Authorization);
+      metadata.add('authorization', header.Authorization);
       callback(null, metadata);
     });
   };
@@ -130,6 +126,11 @@ exports.getGoogleAuthDelegate = function getGoogleAuthDelegate(credential) {
 exports.Server = server.Server;
 
 /**
+ * @see module:src/metadata
+ */
+exports.Metadata = Metadata;
+
+/**
  * Status name to code number mapping
  */
 exports.status = grpc.status;
diff --git a/src/node/interop/interop_client.js b/src/node/interop/interop_client.js
index 2f8eaea41d..da5e0f4afb 100644
--- a/src/node/interop/interop_client.js
+++ b/src/node/interop/interop_client.js
@@ -321,13 +321,7 @@ function oauth2Test(expected_user, scope, per_rpc, client, done) {
     credential.getAccessToken(function(err, token) {
       assert.ifError(err);
       var updateMetadata = function(authURI, metadata, callback) {
-        metadata = _.clone(metadata);
-        if (metadata.Authorization) {
-          metadata.Authorization = _.clone(metadata.Authorization);
-        } else {
-          metadata.Authorization = [];
-        }
-        metadata.Authorization.push('Bearer ' + token);
+        metadata.Add('authorization', 'Bearer ' + token);
         callback(null, metadata);
       };
       var makeTestCall = function(error, client_metadata) {
diff --git a/src/node/interop/interop_server.js b/src/node/interop/interop_server.js
index 1242a0f939..99155e9958 100644
--- a/src/node/interop/interop_server.js
+++ b/src/node/interop/interop_server.js
@@ -169,8 +169,8 @@ function getServer(port, tls) {
     var key_data = fs.readFileSync(key_path);
     var pem_data = fs.readFileSync(pem_path);
     server_creds = grpc.ServerCredentials.createSsl(null,
-                                                    key_data,
-                                                    pem_data);
+                                                    [{private_key: key_data,
+                                                      cert_chain: pem_data}]);
   } else {
     server_creds = grpc.ServerCredentials.createInsecure();
   }
diff --git a/src/node/src/client.js b/src/node/src/client.js
index ddd28e37b8..53b7cc3e8d 100644
--- a/src/node/src/client.js
+++ b/src/node/src/client.js
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@ var _ = require('lodash');
 
 var grpc = require('bindings')('grpc.node');
 
-var common = require('./common.js');
+var common = require('./common');
+
+var Metadata = require('./metadata');
 
 var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;
 
@@ -254,8 +256,7 @@ function makeUnaryRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
    *     serialize
    * @param {function(?Error, value=)} callback The callback to for when the
    *     response is received
-   * @param {array=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
-   *     call
+   * @param {Metadata=} metadata Metadata to add to the call
    * @param {Object=} options Options map
    * @return {EventEmitter} An event emitter for stream related events
    */
@@ -264,7 +265,9 @@ function makeUnaryRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
     var emitter = new EventEmitter();
     var call = getCall(this.$channel, method, options);
     if (metadata === null || metadata === undefined) {
-      metadata = {};
+      metadata = new Metadata();
+    } else {
+      metadata = metadata.clone();
     }
     emitter.cancel = function cancel() {
       call.cancel();
@@ -283,13 +286,16 @@ function makeUnaryRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
       if (options) {
         message.grpcWriteFlags = options.flags;
       }
-      client_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = metadata;
+      client_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          metadata._getCoreRepresentation();
       client_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_MESSAGE] = message;
       client_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT] = true;
       client_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_INITIAL_METADATA] = true;
       client_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_MESSAGE] = true;
       client_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT] = true;
       call.startBatch(client_batch, function(err, response) {
+        response.status.metadata = Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+              response.status.metadata);
         emitter.emit('status', response.status);
         if (response.status.code !== grpc.status.OK) {
           var error = new Error(response.status.details);
@@ -304,7 +310,8 @@ function makeUnaryRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
             return;
           }
         }
-        emitter.emit('metadata', response.metadata);
+        emitter.emit('metadata', Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+            response.metadata));
         callback(null, deserialize(response.read));
       });
     });
@@ -328,7 +335,7 @@ function makeClientStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
    * @this {Client} Client object. Must have a channel member.
    * @param {function(?Error, value=)} callback The callback to for when the
    *     response is received
-   * @param {array=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
+   * @param {Metadata=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
    *     call
    * @param {Object=} options Options map
    * @return {EventEmitter} An event emitter for stream related events
@@ -337,7 +344,9 @@ function makeClientStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
     /* jshint validthis: true */
     var call = getCall(this.$channel, method, options);
     if (metadata === null || metadata === undefined) {
-      metadata = {};
+      metadata = new Metadata();
+    } else {
+      metadata = metadata.clone();
     }
     var stream = new ClientWritableStream(call, serialize);
     this.$_updateMetadata(this.$_auth_uri, metadata, function(error, metadata) {
@@ -347,7 +356,8 @@ function makeClientStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
         return;
       }
       var metadata_batch = {};
-      metadata_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = metadata;
+      metadata_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          metadata._getCoreRepresentation();
       metadata_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_INITIAL_METADATA] = true;
       call.startBatch(metadata_batch, function(err, response) {
         if (err) {
@@ -355,12 +365,15 @@ function makeClientStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
           // in the other batch.
           return;
         }
-        stream.emit('metadata', response.metadata);
+        stream.emit('metadata', Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+            response.metadata));
       });
       var client_batch = {};
       client_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_MESSAGE] = true;
       client_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT] = true;
       call.startBatch(client_batch, function(err, response) {
+        response.status.metadata = Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+              response.status.metadata);
         stream.emit('status', response.status);
         if (response.status.code !== grpc.status.OK) {
           var error = new Error(response.status.details);
@@ -398,7 +411,7 @@ function makeServerStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
    * @this {SurfaceClient} Client object. Must have a channel member.
    * @param {*} argument The argument to the call. Should be serializable with
    *     serialize
-   * @param {array=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
+   * @param {Metadata=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
    *     call
    * @param {Object} options Options map
    * @return {EventEmitter} An event emitter for stream related events
@@ -407,7 +420,9 @@ function makeServerStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
     /* jshint validthis: true */
     var call = getCall(this.$channel, method, options);
     if (metadata === null || metadata === undefined) {
-      metadata = {};
+      metadata = new Metadata();
+    } else {
+      metadata = metadata.clone();
     }
     var stream = new ClientReadableStream(call, deserialize);
     this.$_updateMetadata(this.$_auth_uri, metadata, function(error, metadata) {
@@ -421,7 +436,8 @@ function makeServerStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
       if (options) {
         message.grpcWriteFlags = options.flags;
       }
-      start_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = metadata;
+      start_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          metadata._getCoreRepresentation();
       start_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_INITIAL_METADATA] = true;
       start_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_MESSAGE] = message;
       start_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT] = true;
@@ -431,11 +447,14 @@ function makeServerStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
           // in the other batch.
           return;
         }
-        stream.emit('metadata', response.metadata);
+        stream.emit('metadata', Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+            response.metadata));
       });
       var status_batch = {};
       status_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT] = true;
       call.startBatch(status_batch, function(err, response) {
+        response.status.metadata = Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+              response.status.metadata);
         stream.emit('status', response.status);
         if (response.status.code !== grpc.status.OK) {
           var error = new Error(response.status.details);
@@ -470,7 +489,7 @@ function makeBidiStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
   /**
    * Make a bidirectional stream request with this method on the given channel.
    * @this {SurfaceClient} Client object. Must have a channel member.
-   * @param {array=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
+   * @param {Metadata=} metadata Array of metadata key/value pairs to add to the
    *     call
    * @param {Options} options Options map
    * @return {EventEmitter} An event emitter for stream related events
@@ -479,7 +498,9 @@ function makeBidiStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
     /* jshint validthis: true */
     var call = getCall(this.$channel, method, options);
     if (metadata === null || metadata === undefined) {
-      metadata = {};
+      metadata = new Metadata();
+    } else {
+      metadata = metadata.clone();
     }
     var stream = new ClientDuplexStream(call, serialize, deserialize);
     this.$_updateMetadata(this.$_auth_uri, metadata, function(error, metadata) {
@@ -489,7 +510,8 @@ function makeBidiStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
         return;
       }
       var start_batch = {};
-      start_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = metadata;
+      start_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          metadata._getCoreRepresentation();
       start_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_INITIAL_METADATA] = true;
       call.startBatch(start_batch, function(err, response) {
         if (err) {
@@ -497,11 +519,14 @@ function makeBidiStreamRequestFunction(method, serialize, deserialize) {
           // in the other batch.
           return;
         }
-        stream.emit('metadata', response.metadata);
+        stream.emit('metadata', Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+            response.metadata));
       });
       var status_batch = {};
       status_batch[grpc.opType.RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT] = true;
       call.startBatch(status_batch, function(err, response) {
+        response.status.metadata = Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(
+              response.status.metadata);
         stream.emit('status', response.status);
         if (response.status.code !== grpc.status.OK) {
           var error = new Error(response.status.details);
diff --git a/src/node/src/metadata.js b/src/node/src/metadata.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1da70b197
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/node/src/metadata.js
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Metadata module
+ * @module
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+var _ = require('lodash');
+
+/**
+ * Class for storing metadata. Keys are normalized to lowercase ASCII.
+ * @constructor
+ */
+function Metadata() {
+  this._internal_repr = {};
+}
+
+function normalizeKey(key) {
+  if (!(/^[A-Za-z\d_-]+$/.test(key))) {
+    throw new Error('Metadata keys must be nonempty strings containing only ' +
+        'alphanumeric characters and hyphens');
+  }
+  return key.toLowerCase();
+}
+
+function validate(key, value) {
+  if (_.endsWith(key, '-bin')) {
+    if (!(value instanceof Buffer)) {
+      throw new Error('keys that end with \'-bin\' must have Buffer values');
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (!_.isString(value)) {
+      throw new Error(
+          'keys that don\'t end with \'-bin\' must have String values');
+    }
+    if (!(/^[\x20-\x7E]*$/.test(value))) {
+      throw new Error('Metadata string values can only contain printable ' +
+          'ASCII characters and space');
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets the given value for the given key, replacing any other values associated
+ * with that key. Normalizes the key.
+ * @param {String} key The key to set
+ * @param {String|Buffer} value The value to set. Must be a buffer if and only
+ *     if the normalized key ends with '-bin'
+ */
+Metadata.prototype.set = function(key, value) {
+  key = normalizeKey(key);
+  validate(key, value);
+  this._internal_repr[key] = [value];
+};
+
+/**
+ * Adds the given value for the given key. Normalizes the key.
+ * @param {String} key The key to add to.
+ * @param {String|Buffer} value The value to add. Must be a buffer if and only
+ *     if the normalized key ends with '-bin'
+ */
+Metadata.prototype.add = function(key, value) {
+  key = normalizeKey(key);
+  validate(key, value);
+  if (!this._internal_repr[key]) {
+    this._internal_repr[key] = [];
+  }
+  this._internal_repr[key].push(value);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Remove the given key and any associated values. Normalizes the key.
+ * @param {String} key The key to remove
+ */
+Metadata.prototype.remove = function(key) {
+  key = normalizeKey(key);
+  if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(this._internal_repr, key)) {
+    delete this._internal_repr[key];
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Gets a list of all values associated with the key. Normalizes the key.
+ * @param {String} key The key to get
+ * @return {Array.<String|Buffer>} The values associated with that key
+ */
+Metadata.prototype.get = function(key) {
+  key = normalizeKey(key);
+  if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(this._internal_repr, key)) {
+    return this._internal_repr[key];
+  } else {
+    return [];
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Get a map of each key to a single associated value. This reflects the most
+ * common way that people will want to see metadata.
+ * @return {Object.<String,String|Buffer>} A key/value mapping of the metadata
+ */
+Metadata.prototype.getMap = function() {
+  var result = {};
+  _.forOwn(this._internal_repr, function(values, key) {
+    if(values.length > 0) {
+      result[key] = values[0];
+    }
+  });
+  return result;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Clone the metadata object.
+ * @return {Metadata} The new cloned object
+ */
+Metadata.prototype.clone = function() {
+  var copy = new Metadata();
+  _.forOwn(this._internal_repr, function(value, key) {
+    copy._internal_repr[key] = _.clone(value);
+  });
+  return copy;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Gets the metadata in the format used by interal code. Intended for internal
+ * use only. API stability is not guaranteed.
+ * @private
+ * @return {Object.<String, Array.<String|Buffer>>} The metadata
+ */
+Metadata.prototype._getCoreRepresentation = function() {
+  return this._internal_repr;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Creates a Metadata object from a metadata map in the internal format.
+ * Intended for internal use only. API stability is not guaranteed.
+ * @private
+ * @param {Object.<String, Array.<String|Buffer>>} The metadata
+ * @return {Metadata} The new Metadata object
+ */
+Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation = function(metadata) {
+  var newMetadata = new Metadata();
+  if (metadata) {
+    newMetadata._internal_repr = _.cloneDeep(metadata);
+  }
+  return newMetadata;
+};
+
+module.exports = Metadata;
diff --git a/src/node/src/server.js b/src/node/src/server.js
index 5037abae43..b6f162adf8 100644
--- a/src/node/src/server.js
+++ b/src/node/src/server.js
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ var grpc = require('bindings')('grpc.node');
 
 var common = require('./common');
 
+var Metadata = require('./metadata');
+
 var stream = require('stream');
 
 var Readable = stream.Readable;
@@ -60,10 +62,10 @@ var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;
  * @param {Object} error The error object
  */
 function handleError(call, error) {
+  var statusMetadata = new Metadata();
   var status = {
     code: grpc.status.UNKNOWN,
-    details: 'Unknown Error',
-    metadata: {}
+    details: 'Unknown Error'
   };
   if (error.hasOwnProperty('message')) {
     status.details = error.message;
@@ -75,11 +77,13 @@ function handleError(call, error) {
     }
   }
   if (error.hasOwnProperty('metadata')) {
-    status.metadata = error.metadata;
+    statusMetadata = error.metadata;
   }
+  status.metadata = statusMetadata._getCoreRepresentation();
   var error_batch = {};
   if (!call.metadataSent) {
-    error_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = {};
+    error_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+        (new Metadata())._getCoreRepresentation();
   }
   error_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER] = status;
   call.startBatch(error_batch, function(){});
@@ -114,22 +118,24 @@ function waitForCancel(call, emitter) {
  * @param {*} value The value to respond with
  * @param {function(*):Buffer=} serialize Serialization function for the
  *     response
- * @param {Object=} metadata Optional trailing metadata to send with status
+ * @param {Metadata=} metadata Optional trailing metadata to send with status
  * @param {number=} flags Flags for modifying how the message is sent.
  *     Defaults to 0.
  */
 function sendUnaryResponse(call, value, serialize, metadata, flags) {
   var end_batch = {};
+  var statusMetadata = new Metadata();
   var status = {
     code: grpc.status.OK,
-    details: 'OK',
-    metadata: {}
+    details: 'OK'
   };
   if (metadata) {
-    status.metadata = metadata;
+    statusMetadata = metadata;
   }
+  status.metadata = statusMetadata._getCoreRepresentation();
   if (!call.metadataSent) {
-    end_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = {};
+    end_batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+        (new Metadata())._getCoreRepresentation();
     call.metadataSent = true;
   }
   var message = serialize(value);
@@ -151,14 +157,19 @@ function setUpWritable(stream, serialize) {
   stream.status = {
     code : grpc.status.OK,
     details : 'OK',
-    metadata : {}
+    metadata : new Metadata()
   };
   stream.serialize = common.wrapIgnoreNull(serialize);
   function sendStatus() {
     var batch = {};
     if (!stream.call.metadataSent) {
       stream.call.metadataSent = true;
-      batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = {};
+      batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          (new Metadata())._getCoreRepresentation();
+    }
+
+    if (stream.status.metadata) {
+      stream.status.metadata = stream.status.metadata._getCoreRepresentation();
     }
     batch[grpc.opType.SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER] = stream.status;
     stream.call.startBatch(batch, function(){});
@@ -173,7 +184,7 @@ function setUpWritable(stream, serialize) {
   function setStatus(err) {
     var code = grpc.status.UNKNOWN;
     var details = 'Unknown Error';
-    var metadata = {};
+    var metadata = new Metadata();
     if (err.hasOwnProperty('message')) {
       details = err.message;
     }
@@ -203,7 +214,7 @@ function setUpWritable(stream, serialize) {
   /**
    * Override of Writable#end method that allows for sending metadata with a
    * success status.
-   * @param {Object=} metadata Metadata to send with the status
+   * @param {Metadata=} metadata Metadata to send with the status
    */
   stream.end = function(metadata) {
     if (metadata) {
@@ -266,7 +277,8 @@ function _write(chunk, encoding, callback) {
   /* jshint validthis: true */
   var batch = {};
   if (!this.call.metadataSent) {
-    batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = {};
+    batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+        (new Metadata())._getCoreRepresentation();
     this.call.metadataSent = true;
   }
   var message = this.serialize(chunk);
@@ -289,15 +301,15 @@ ServerWritableStream.prototype._write = _write;
 
 /**
  * Send the initial metadata for a writable stream.
- * @param {Object<String, Array<(String|Buffer)>>} responseMetadata Metadata
- *   to send
+ * @param {Metadata} responseMetadata Metadata to send
  */
 function sendMetadata(responseMetadata) {
   /* jshint validthis: true */
   if (!this.call.metadataSent) {
     this.call.metadataSent = true;
     var batch = [];
-    batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = responseMetadata;
+    batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+        responseMetadata._getCoreRepresentation();
     this.call.startBatch(batch, function(err) {
       if (err) {
         this.emit('error', err);
@@ -422,7 +434,7 @@ ServerDuplexStream.prototype.getPeer = getPeer;
  * @access private
  * @param {grpc.Call} call The call to handle
  * @param {Object} handler Request handler object for the method that was called
- * @param {Object} metadata Metadata from the client
+ * @param {Metadata} metadata Metadata from the client
  */
 function handleUnary(call, handler, metadata) {
   var emitter = new EventEmitter();
@@ -430,7 +442,8 @@ function handleUnary(call, handler, metadata) {
     if (!call.metadataSent) {
       call.metadataSent = true;
       var batch = {};
-      batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = responseMetadata;
+      batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          responseMetadata._getCoreRepresentation();
       call.startBatch(batch, function() {});
     }
   };
@@ -478,7 +491,7 @@ function handleUnary(call, handler, metadata) {
  * @access private
  * @param {grpc.Call} call The call to handle
  * @param {Object} handler Request handler object for the method that was called
- * @param {Object} metadata Metadata from the client
+ * @param {Metadata} metadata Metadata from the client
  */
 function handleServerStreaming(call, handler, metadata) {
   var stream = new ServerWritableStream(call, handler.serialize);
@@ -507,7 +520,7 @@ function handleServerStreaming(call, handler, metadata) {
  * @access private
  * @param {grpc.Call} call The call to handle
  * @param {Object} handler Request handler object for the method that was called
- * @param {Object} metadata Metadata from the client
+ * @param {Metadata} metadata Metadata from the client
  */
 function handleClientStreaming(call, handler, metadata) {
   var stream = new ServerReadableStream(call, handler.deserialize);
@@ -515,7 +528,8 @@ function handleClientStreaming(call, handler, metadata) {
     if (!call.metadataSent) {
       call.metadataSent = true;
       var batch = {};
-      batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = responseMetadata;
+      batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+          responseMetadata._getCoreRepresentation();
       call.startBatch(batch, function() {});
     }
   };
@@ -542,7 +556,7 @@ function handleClientStreaming(call, handler, metadata) {
  * @access private
  * @param {grpc.Call} call The call to handle
  * @param {Object} handler Request handler object for the method that was called
- * @param {Object} metadata Metadata from the client
+ * @param {Metadata} metadata Metadata from the client
  */
 function handleBidiStreaming(call, handler, metadata) {
   var stream = new ServerDuplexStream(call, handler.serialize,
@@ -599,7 +613,7 @@ function Server(options) {
       var details = event.new_call;
       var call = details.call;
       var method = details.method;
-      var metadata = details.metadata;
+      var metadata = Metadata._fromCoreRepresentation(details.metadata);
       if (method === null) {
         return;
       }
@@ -609,7 +623,8 @@ function Server(options) {
         handler = handlers[method];
       } else {
         var batch = {};
-        batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] = {};
+        batch[grpc.opType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA] =
+            (new Metadata())._getCoreRepresentation();
         batch[grpc.opType.SEND_STATUS_FROM_SERVER] = {
           code: grpc.status.UNIMPLEMENTED,
           details: 'This method is not available on this server.',
@@ -623,11 +638,26 @@ function Server(options) {
     }
     server.requestCall(handleNewCall);
   };
+
+  /**
+   * Gracefully shuts down the server. The server will stop receiving new calls,
+   * and any pending calls will complete. The callback will be called when all
+   * pending calls have completed and the server is fully shut down. This method
+   * is idempotent with itself and forceShutdown.
+   * @param {function()} callback The shutdown complete callback
+   */
+  this.tryShutdown = function(callback) {
+    server.tryShutdown(callback);
+  };
+
   /**
-   * Shuts down the server.
+   * Forcibly shuts down the server. The server will stop receiving new calls
+   * and cancel all pending calls. When it returns, the server has shut down.
+   * This method is idempotent with itself and tryShutdown, and it will trigger
+   * any outstanding tryShutdown callbacks.
    */
-  this.shutdown = function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+  this.forceShutdown = function() {
+    server.forceShutdown();
   };
 }
 
diff --git a/src/node/test/call_test.js b/src/node/test/call_test.js
index 8d0f20b074..e7f071bcd5 100644
--- a/src/node/test/call_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/call_test.js
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe('call', function() {
     channel = new grpc.Channel('localhost:' + port, insecureCreds);
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   describe('constructor', function() {
     it('should reject anything less than 3 arguments', function() {
diff --git a/src/node/test/end_to_end_test.js b/src/node/test/end_to_end_test.js
index 7574d98b8a..4b8da3bfb1 100644
--- a/src/node/test/end_to_end_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/end_to_end_test.js
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ describe('end-to-end', function() {
     channel = new grpc.Channel('localhost:' + port_num, insecureCreds);
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('should start and end a request without error', function(complete) {
     var done = multiDone(complete, 2);
diff --git a/src/node/test/health_test.js b/src/node/test/health_test.js
index 04959f5f55..9267bff7eb 100644
--- a/src/node/test/health_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/health_test.js
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe('Health Checking', function() {
                                      grpc.Credentials.createInsecure());
   });
   after(function() {
-    healthServer.shutdown();
+    healthServer.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('should say an enabled service is SERVING', function(done) {
     healthClient.check({service: ''}, function(err, response) {
diff --git a/src/node/test/interop_sanity_test.js b/src/node/test/interop_sanity_test.js
index 0a5eb29c0c..2ca07c1d50 100644
--- a/src/node/test/interop_sanity_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/interop_sanity_test.js
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe('Interop tests', function() {
     done();
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   // This depends on not using a binary stream
   it('should pass empty_unary', function(done) {
diff --git a/src/node/test/math_client_test.js b/src/node/test/math_client_test.js
index ef01870a4c..80b0c5ff2a 100644
--- a/src/node/test/math_client_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/math_client_test.js
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ describe('Math client', function() {
     done();
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('should handle a single request', function(done) {
     var arg = {dividend: 7, divisor: 4};
diff --git a/src/node/test/metadata_test.js b/src/node/test/metadata_test.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86383f1bad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/node/test/metadata_test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+var Metadata = require('../src/metadata.js');
+
+var assert = require('assert');
+
+describe('Metadata', function() {
+  var metadata;
+  beforeEach(function() {
+    metadata = new Metadata();
+  });
+  describe('#set', function() {
+    it('Only accepts string values for non "-bin" keys', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.set('key', new Buffer('value'));
+      });
+      assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
+        metadata.set('key', 'value');
+      });
+    });
+    it('Only accepts Buffer values for "-bin" keys', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.set('key-bin', 'value');
+      });
+      assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
+        metadata.set('key-bin', new Buffer('value'));
+      });
+    });
+    it('Rejects invalid keys', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.set('key$', 'value');
+      });
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.set('', 'value');
+      });
+    });
+    it('Rejects values with non-ASCII characters', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.set('key', 'résumé');
+      });
+    });
+    it('Saves values that can be retrieved', function() {
+      metadata.set('key', 'value');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value']);
+    });
+    it('Overwrites previous values', function() {
+      metadata.set('key', 'value1');
+      metadata.set('key', 'value2');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value2']);
+    });
+    it('Normalizes keys', function() {
+      metadata.set('Key', 'value1');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value1']);
+      metadata.set('KEY', 'value2');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value2']);
+    });
+  });
+  describe('#add', function() {
+    it('Only accepts string values for non "-bin" keys', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.add('key', new Buffer('value'));
+      });
+      assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
+        metadata.add('key', 'value');
+      });
+    });
+    it('Only accepts Buffer values for "-bin" keys', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.add('key-bin', 'value');
+      });
+      assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
+        metadata.add('key-bin', new Buffer('value'));
+      });
+    });
+    it('Rejects invalid keys', function() {
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.add('key$', 'value');
+      });
+      assert.throws(function() {
+        metadata.add('', 'value');
+      });
+    });
+    it('Saves values that can be retrieved', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value']);
+    });
+    it('Combines with previous values', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value1');
+      metadata.add('key', 'value2');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value1', 'value2']);
+    });
+    it('Normalizes keys', function() {
+      metadata.add('Key', 'value1');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value1']);
+      metadata.add('KEY', 'value2');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value1', 'value2']);
+    });
+  });
+  describe('#remove', function() {
+    it('clears values from a key', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value');
+      metadata.remove('key');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), []);
+    });
+    it('Normalizes keys', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value');
+      metadata.remove('KEY');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), []);
+    });
+  });
+  describe('#get', function() {
+    beforeEach(function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value1');
+      metadata.add('key', 'value2');
+      metadata.add('key-bin', new Buffer('value'));
+    });
+    it('gets all values associated with a key', function() {
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value1', 'value2']);
+    });
+    it('Normalizes keys', function() {
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('KEY'), ['value1', 'value2']);
+    });
+    it('returns an empty list for non-existent keys', function() {
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('non-existent-key'), []);
+    });
+    it('returns Buffers for "-bin" keys', function() {
+      assert(metadata.get('key-bin')[0] instanceof Buffer);
+    });
+  });
+  describe('#getMap', function() {
+    it('gets a map of keys to values', function() {
+      metadata.add('key1', 'value1');
+      metadata.add('Key2', 'value2');
+      metadata.add('KEY3', 'value3');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.getMap(),
+                       {key1: 'value1',
+                        key2: 'value2',
+                        key3: 'value3'});
+    });
+  });
+  describe('#clone', function() {
+    it('retains values from the original', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value');
+      var copy = metadata.clone();
+      assert.deepEqual(copy.get('key'), ['value']);
+    });
+    it('Does not see newly added values', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value1');
+      var copy = metadata.clone();
+      metadata.add('key', 'value2');
+      assert.deepEqual(copy.get('key'), ['value1']);
+    });
+    it('Does not add new values to the original', function() {
+      metadata.add('key', 'value1');
+      var copy = metadata.clone();
+      copy.add('key', 'value2');
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value1']);
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/node/test/server_test.js b/src/node/test/server_test.js
index 20c9a07ffa..1e69d52e58 100644
--- a/src/node/test/server_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/server_test.js
@@ -70,7 +70,9 @@ describe('server', function() {
       var pem_path = path.join(__dirname, '../test/data/server1.pem');
       var key_data = fs.readFileSync(key_path);
       var pem_data = fs.readFileSync(pem_path);
-      var creds = grpc.ServerCredentials.createSsl(null, key_data, pem_data);
+      var creds = grpc.ServerCredentials.createSsl(null,
+                                                   [{private_key: key_data,
+                                                     cert_chain: pem_data}]);
       assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
         port = server.addHttp2Port('0.0.0.0:0', creds);
       });
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ describe('server', function() {
       server.addHttp2Port('0.0.0.0:0', grpc.ServerCredentials.createInsecure());
     });
     after(function() {
-      server.shutdown();
+      server.forceShutdown();
     });
     it('should start without error', function() {
       assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
@@ -98,4 +100,33 @@ describe('server', function() {
       });
     });
   });
+  describe('shutdown', function() {
+    var server;
+    beforeEach(function() {
+      server = new grpc.Server();
+      server.addHttp2Port('0.0.0.0:0', grpc.ServerCredentials.createInsecure());
+      server.start();
+    });
+    afterEach(function() {
+      server.forceShutdown();
+    });
+    it('tryShutdown should shutdown successfully', function(done) {
+      server.tryShutdown(done);
+    });
+    it('forceShutdown should shutdown successfully', function() {
+      server.forceShutdown();
+    });
+    it('tryShutdown should be idempotent', function(done) {
+      server.tryShutdown(done);
+      server.tryShutdown(function() {});
+    });
+    it('forceShutdown should be idempotent', function() {
+      server.forceShutdown();
+      server.forceShutdown();
+    });
+    it('forceShutdown should trigger tryShutdown', function(done) {
+      server.tryShutdown(done);
+      server.forceShutdown();
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/node/test/surface_test.js b/src/node/test/surface_test.js
index c2b9323abf..6bb90a2303 100644
--- a/src/node/test/surface_test.js
+++ b/src/node/test/surface_test.js
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ describe('Server.prototype.addProtoService', function() {
     server = new grpc.Server();
   });
   afterEach(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('Should succeed with a single service', function() {
     assert.doesNotThrow(function() {
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ describe('Client#$waitForReady', function() {
     client = new Client('localhost:' + port, grpc.Credentials.createInsecure());
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('should complete when called alone', function(done) {
     client.$waitForReady(Infinity, function(error) {
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ describe('Echo service', function() {
     server.start();
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('should echo the recieved message directly', function(done) {
     client.echo({value: 'test value', value2: 3}, function(error, response) {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ describe('Generic client and server', function() {
                           grpc.Credentials.createInsecure());
     });
     after(function() {
-      server.shutdown();
+      server.forceShutdown();
     });
     it('Should respond with a capitalized string', function(done) {
       client.capitalize('abc', function(err, response) {
@@ -280,6 +280,7 @@ describe('Generic client and server', function() {
 describe('Echo metadata', function() {
   var client;
   var server;
+  var metadata;
   before(function() {
     var test_proto = ProtoBuf.loadProtoFile(__dirname + '/test_service.proto');
     var test_service = test_proto.lookup('TestService');
@@ -312,42 +313,44 @@ describe('Echo metadata', function() {
     var Client = surface_client.makeProtobufClientConstructor(test_service);
     client = new Client('localhost:' + port, grpc.Credentials.createInsecure());
     server.start();
+    metadata = new grpc.Metadata();
+    metadata.set('key', 'value');
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('with unary call', function(done) {
     var call = client.unary({}, function(err, data) {
       assert.ifError(err);
-    }, {key: ['value']});
+    }, metadata);
     call.on('metadata', function(metadata) {
-      assert.deepEqual(metadata.key, ['value']);
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value']);
       done();
     });
   });
   it('with client stream call', function(done) {
     var call = client.clientStream(function(err, data) {
       assert.ifError(err);
-    }, {key: ['value']});
+    }, metadata);
     call.on('metadata', function(metadata) {
-      assert.deepEqual(metadata.key, ['value']);
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value']);
       done();
     });
     call.end();
   });
   it('with server stream call', function(done) {
-    var call = client.serverStream({}, {key: ['value']});
+    var call = client.serverStream({}, metadata);
     call.on('data', function() {});
     call.on('metadata', function(metadata) {
-      assert.deepEqual(metadata.key, ['value']);
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value']);
       done();
     });
   });
   it('with bidi stream call', function(done) {
-    var call = client.bidiStream({key: ['value']});
+    var call = client.bidiStream(metadata);
     call.on('data', function() {});
     call.on('metadata', function(metadata) {
-      assert.deepEqual(metadata.key, ['value']);
+      assert.deepEqual(metadata.get('key'), ['value']);
       done();
     });
     call.end();
@@ -355,9 +358,10 @@ describe('Echo metadata', function() {
   it('shows the correct user-agent string', function(done) {
     var version = require('../package.json').version;
     var call = client.unary({}, function(err, data) { assert.ifError(err); },
-                            {key: ['value']});
+                            metadata);
     call.on('metadata', function(metadata) {
-      assert(_.startsWith(metadata['user-agent'], 'grpc-node/' + version));
+      assert(_.startsWith(metadata.get('user-agent')[0],
+                          'grpc-node/' + version));
       done();
     });
   });
@@ -372,13 +376,15 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
     var test_proto = ProtoBuf.loadProtoFile(__dirname + '/test_service.proto');
     test_service = test_proto.lookup('TestService');
     server = new grpc.Server();
+    var trailer_metadata = new grpc.Metadata();
+    trailer_metadata.add('trailer-present', 'yes');
     server.addProtoService(test_service, {
       unary: function(call, cb) {
         var req = call.request;
         if (req.error) {
-          cb(new Error('Requested error'), null, {trailer_present: ['yes']});
+          cb(new Error('Requested error'), null, trailer_metadata);
         } else {
-          cb(null, {count: 1}, {trailer_present: ['yes']});
+          cb(null, {count: 1}, trailer_metadata);
         }
       },
       clientStream: function(stream, cb){
@@ -387,14 +393,14 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
         stream.on('data', function(data) {
           if (data.error) {
             errored = true;
-            cb(new Error('Requested error'), null, {trailer_present: ['yes']});
+            cb(new Error('Requested error'), null, trailer_metadata);
           } else {
             count += 1;
           }
         });
         stream.on('end', function() {
           if (!errored) {
-            cb(null, {count: count}, {trailer_present: ['yes']});
+            cb(null, {count: count}, trailer_metadata);
           }
         });
       },
@@ -402,13 +408,13 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
         var req = stream.request;
         if (req.error) {
           var err = new Error('Requested error');
-          err.metadata = {trailer_present: ['yes']};
+          err.metadata = trailer_metadata;
           stream.emit('error', err);
         } else {
           for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             stream.write({count: i});
           }
-          stream.end({trailer_present: ['yes']});
+          stream.end(trailer_metadata);
         }
       },
       bidiStream: function(stream) {
@@ -416,10 +422,8 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
         stream.on('data', function(data) {
           if (data.error) {
             var err = new Error('Requested error');
-            err.metadata = {
-              trailer_present: ['yes'],
-              count: ['' + count]
-            };
+            err.metadata = trailer_metadata.clone();
+            err.metadata.add('count', '' + count);
             stream.emit('error', err);
           } else {
             stream.write({count: count});
@@ -427,7 +431,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
           }
         });
         stream.on('end', function() {
-          stream.end({trailer_present: ['yes']});
+          stream.end(trailer_metadata);
         });
       }
     });
@@ -437,7 +441,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
     server.start();
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('channel.getTarget should be available', function() {
     assert.strictEqual(typeof client.$channel.getTarget(), 'string');
@@ -528,7 +532,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
         assert.ifError(err);
       });
       call.on('status', function(status) {
-        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -537,7 +541,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
         assert(err);
       });
       call.on('status', function(status) {
-        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -549,7 +553,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
       call.write({error: false});
       call.end();
       call.on('status', function(status) {
-        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -561,7 +565,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
       call.write({error: true});
       call.end();
       call.on('status', function(status) {
-        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -570,7 +574,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
       call.on('data', function(){});
       call.on('status', function(status) {
         assert.strictEqual(status.code, grpc.status.OK);
-        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -578,7 +582,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
       var call = client.serverStream({error: true});
       call.on('data', function(){});
       call.on('error', function(error) {
-        assert.deepEqual(error.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(error.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -590,7 +594,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
       call.on('data', function(){});
       call.on('status', function(status) {
         assert.strictEqual(status.code, grpc.status.OK);
-        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(status.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -601,7 +605,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
       call.end();
       call.on('data', function(){});
       call.on('error', function(error) {
-        assert.deepEqual(error.metadata.trailer_present, ['yes']);
+        assert.deepEqual(error.metadata.get('trailer-present'), ['yes']);
         done();
       });
     });
@@ -699,7 +703,7 @@ describe('Other conditions', function() {
     });
     afterEach(function() {
       console.log('Shutting down server');
-      proxy.shutdown();
+      proxy.forceShutdown();
     });
     describe('Cancellation', function() {
       it('With a unary call', function(done) {
@@ -865,7 +869,7 @@ describe('Cancelling surface client', function() {
     server.start();
   });
   after(function() {
-    server.shutdown();
+    server.forceShutdown();
   });
   it('Should correctly cancel a unary call', function(done) {
     var call = client.div({'divisor': 0, 'dividend': 0}, function(err, resp) {
diff --git a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCSecureChannel.m b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCSecureChannel.m
index 0a54804bb2..ce16655330 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCSecureChannel.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/GRPCClient/private/GRPCSecureChannel.m
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static grpc_credentials *CertificatesAtPath(NSString *path, NSError **errorPtr)
     // Passing NULL to grpc_ssl_credentials_create produces behavior we don't want, so return.
     return NULL;
   }
-  return grpc_ssl_credentials_create(contentInASCII.bytes, NULL);
+  return grpc_ssl_credentials_create(contentInASCII.bytes, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 @implementation GRPCSecureChannel
@@ -101,8 +101,9 @@ static grpc_credentials *CertificatesAtPath(NSString *path, NSError **errorPtr)
 - (instancetype)initWithHost:(NSString *)host
                  credentials:(grpc_credentials *)credentials
                         args:(grpc_channel_args *)args {
-  return (self =
-          [super initWithChannel:grpc_secure_channel_create(credentials, host.UTF8String, args)]);
+  return (self = [super
+              initWithChannel:grpc_secure_channel_create(
+                                  credentials, host.UTF8String, args, NULL)]);
 }
 
 // TODO(jcanizales): GRPCSecureChannel and GRPCUnsecuredChannel are just convenience initializers
diff --git a/src/objective-c/README.md b/src/objective-c/README.md
index e997b76d14..6c27657def 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/README.md
+++ b/src/objective-c/README.md
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ proceed.
 ## Write your API declaration in proto format
 
 For this you can consult the [Protocol Buffers][]' official documentation, or learn from a quick
-example [here](https://github.com/grpc/grpc-common#defining-a-service).
+example [here](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/tree/master/examples#defining-a-service).
 
 <a name="cocoapods"></a>
 ## Integrate a proto library in your project
diff --git a/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m b/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m
index 06581e7599..09a55e0704 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/tests/GRPCClientTests.m
@@ -53,6 +53,37 @@ static ProtoMethod *kInexistentMethod;
 static ProtoMethod *kEmptyCallMethod;
 static ProtoMethod *kUnaryCallMethod;
 
+// This is an observer class for testing that responseMetadata is KVO-compliant
+
+@interface PassthroughObserver : NSObject
+
+- (instancetype) initWithCallback:(void (^)(NSString*, id, NSDictionary*))callback;
+
+- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change
+                       context:(void *)context;
+@end
+
+@implementation PassthroughObserver {
+  void (^_callback)(NSString*, id, NSDictionary*);
+}
+
+- (instancetype)initWithCallback:(void (^)(NSString *, id, NSDictionary *))callback {
+  self = [super init];
+  if (self) {
+    _callback = callback;
+  }
+  return self;
+  
+}
+
+- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context
+{
+  _callback(keyPath, object, change);
+  [object removeObserver:self forKeyPath:keyPath];
+}
+
+@end
+
 @interface GRPCClientTests : XCTestCase
 @end
 
@@ -183,4 +214,35 @@ static ProtoMethod *kUnaryCallMethod;
   [self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:4 handler:nil];
 }
 
+- (void)testResponseMetadataKVO {
+  __weak XCTestExpectation *response = [self expectationWithDescription:@"Empty response received."];
+  __weak XCTestExpectation *completion = [self expectationWithDescription:@"Empty RPC completed."];
+  __weak XCTestExpectation *metadata = [self expectationWithDescription:@"Metadata changed."];
+  
+  GRPCCall *call = [[GRPCCall alloc] initWithHost:kHostAddress
+                                             path:kEmptyCallMethod.HTTPPath
+                                   requestsWriter:[GRXWriter writerWithValue:[NSData data]]];
+  
+  PassthroughObserver *observer = [[PassthroughObserver alloc] initWithCallback:^(NSString *keypath, id object, NSDictionary * change) {
+    if ([keypath isEqual: @"responseHeaders"]) {
+      [metadata fulfill];
+    }
+  }];
+  
+  [call addObserver:observer forKeyPath:@"responseHeaders" options:0 context:NULL];
+  
+  id<GRXWriteable> responsesWriteable = [[GRXWriteable alloc] initWithValueHandler:^(NSData *value) {
+    XCTAssertNotNil(value, @"nil value received as response.");
+    XCTAssertEqual([value length], 0, @"Non-empty response received: %@", value);
+    [response fulfill];
+  } completionHandler:^(NSError *errorOrNil) {
+    XCTAssertNil(errorOrNil, @"Finished with unexpected error: %@", errorOrNil);
+    [completion fulfill];
+  }];
+  
+  [call startWithWriteable:responsesWriteable];
+  
+  [self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:8 handler:nil];
+}
+
 @end
diff --git a/src/objective-c/tests/LocalClearTextTests.m b/src/objective-c/tests/LocalClearTextTests.m
index 4317614dd9..d01fe91afa 100644
--- a/src/objective-c/tests/LocalClearTextTests.m
+++ b/src/objective-c/tests/LocalClearTextTests.m
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 #import <RxLibrary/GRXWriter+Immediate.h>
 
 // These tests require a gRPC "RouteGuide" sample server to be running locally. You can compile and
-// run one by following the instructions here: https://github.com/grpc/grpc-common/blob/master/cpp/cpptutorial.md#try-it-out
+// run one by following the instructions here: https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/examples/cpp/cpptutorial.md#try-it-out
 // Be sure to have the C gRPC library installed in your system (for example, by having followed the
 // instructions at https://github.com/grpc/homebrew-grpc
 
diff --git a/src/php/ext/grpc/channel.c b/src/php/ext/grpc/channel.c
index 7a981675de..a4313b6bd4 100644
--- a/src/php/ext/grpc/channel.c
+++ b/src/php/ext/grpc/channel.c
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ PHP_METHOD(Channel, __construct) {
     } else {
       gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "Initialized secure channel");
       channel->wrapped =
-          grpc_secure_channel_create(creds->wrapped, target, &args);
+          grpc_secure_channel_create(creds->wrapped, target, &args, NULL);
     }
     efree(args.args);
   }
diff --git a/src/php/ext/grpc/credentials.c b/src/php/ext/grpc/credentials.c
index 01cb94e3aa..0eba6608bb 100644
--- a/src/php/ext/grpc/credentials.c
+++ b/src/php/ext/grpc/credentials.c
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ PHP_METHOD(Credentials, createSsl) {
   }
   grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(
       pem_root_certs,
-      pem_key_cert_pair.private_key == NULL ? NULL : &pem_key_cert_pair);
+      pem_key_cert_pair.private_key == NULL ? NULL : &pem_key_cert_pair, NULL);
   zval *creds_object = grpc_php_wrap_credentials(creds);
   RETURN_DESTROY_ZVAL(creds_object);
 }
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ PHP_METHOD(Credentials, createComposite) {
       (wrapped_grpc_credentials *)zend_object_store_get_object(
           cred2_obj TSRMLS_CC);
   grpc_credentials *creds =
-      grpc_composite_credentials_create(cred1->wrapped, cred2->wrapped);
+      grpc_composite_credentials_create(cred1->wrapped, cred2->wrapped, NULL);
   zval *creds_object = grpc_php_wrap_credentials(creds);
   RETURN_DESTROY_ZVAL(creds_object);
 }
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ PHP_METHOD(Credentials, createComposite) {
  * @return Credentials The new GCE credentials object
  */
 PHP_METHOD(Credentials, createGce) {
-  grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create();
+  grpc_credentials *creds = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(NULL);
   zval *creds_object = grpc_php_wrap_credentials(creds);
   RETURN_DESTROY_ZVAL(creds_object);
 }
diff --git a/src/php/ext/grpc/server_credentials.c b/src/php/ext/grpc/server_credentials.c
index e9183c4598..79188246bc 100644
--- a/src/php/ext/grpc/server_credentials.c
+++ b/src/php/ext/grpc/server_credentials.c
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ PHP_METHOD(ServerCredentials, createSsl) {
   /* TODO: add a force_client_auth field in ServerCredentials and pass it as
    * the last parameter. */
   grpc_server_credentials *creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(
-      pem_root_certs, &pem_key_cert_pair, 1, 0);
+      pem_root_certs, &pem_key_cert_pair, 1, 0, NULL);
   zval *creds_object = grpc_php_wrap_server_credentials(creds);
   RETURN_DESTROY_ZVAL(creds_object);
 }
diff --git a/src/php/tests/generated_code/AbstractGeneratedCodeTest.php b/src/php/tests/generated_code/AbstractGeneratedCodeTest.php
index 287621d930..a368dd4ee0 100644
--- a/src/php/tests/generated_code/AbstractGeneratedCodeTest.php
+++ b/src/php/tests/generated_code/AbstractGeneratedCodeTest.php
@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ abstract class AbstractGeneratedCodeTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
     $this->assertTrue(self::$client->waitForReady(250000));
   }
 
+  public function testGetTarget() {
+    $this->assertTrue(is_string(self::$client->getTarget()));
+  }
+
   public function testSimpleRequest() {
     $div_arg = new math\DivArgs();
     $div_arg->setDividend(7);
diff --git a/src/php/tests/interop/interop_client.php b/src/php/tests/interop/interop_client.php
index 376d306da0..bd15ee4303 100755
--- a/src/php/tests/interop/interop_client.php
+++ b/src/php/tests/interop/interop_client.php
@@ -332,11 +332,7 @@ if (in_array($args['test_case'], array(
   $opts['update_metadata'] = $auth->getUpdateMetadataFunc();
 }
 
-$internal_stub = new Grpc\BaseStub($server_address, $opts);
-hardAssert(is_string($internal_stub->getTarget()),
-           'Unexpected target URI value');
-
-$stub = new grpc\testing\TestServiceClient($internal_stub);
+$stub = new grpc\testing\TestServiceClient($server_address, $opts);
 
 echo "Connecting to $server_address\n";
 echo "Running test case $args[test_case]\n";
@@ -372,6 +368,11 @@ switch ($args['test_case']) {
   case 'jwt_token_creds':
     jwtTokenCreds($stub, $args);
     break;
+  case 'cancel_after_begin':
+    // Currently unimplementable with the current API design
+    // Specifically, in the ClientStreamingCall->start() method, the
+    // messages are sent immediately after metadata is sent. There is
+    // currently no way to cancel before messages are sent.
   default:
     exit(1);
 }
diff --git a/src/python/README.md b/src/python/README.md
index de0142db05..affce64884 100644
--- a/src/python/README.md
+++ b/src/python/README.md
@@ -52,9 +52,19 @@ BUILDING FROM SOURCE
 ---------------------
 - Clone this repository
 
+- Initialize the git submodules
+```
+$ git submodule update --init
+```
+
+- Make the libraries
+```
+$ make
+```
+
 - Use build_python.sh to build the Python code and install it into a virtual environment
 ```
-$ tools/run_tests/build_python.sh
+$ CONFIG=opt tools/run_tests/build_python.sh 2.7
 ```
 
 TESTING
@@ -62,7 +72,7 @@ TESTING
 
 - Use run_python.sh to run gRPC as it was installed into the virtual environment
 ```
-$ tools/run_tests/run_python.sh
+$ CONFIG=opt PYVER=2.7 tools/run_tests/run_python.sh
 ```
 
 PACKAGING
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types.h b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types.h
index f646465c63..f6ff957baa 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types.h
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types.h
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ typedef struct Server {
   PyObject_HEAD
   grpc_server *c_serv;
   CompletionQueue *cq;
+  int shutdown_called;
 } Server;
 Server *pygrpc_Server_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs);
 void pygrpc_Server_dealloc(Server *self);
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@ PyObject *pygrpc_Server_add_http2_port(
 PyObject *pygrpc_Server_start(Server *self, PyObject *ignored);
 PyObject *pygrpc_Server_shutdown(
     Server *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs);
+PyObject *pygrpc_Server_cancel_all_calls(Server *self, PyObject *unused);
 extern PyTypeObject pygrpc_Server_type;
 
 /*=========*/
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/channel.c b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/channel.c
index c577ac05eb..79d39c4391 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/channel.c
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/channel.c
@@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ Channel *pygrpc_Channel_new(
   }
   self = (Channel *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
   if (creds) {
-    self->c_chan = grpc_secure_channel_create(creds->c_creds, target, &c_args);
+    self->c_chan =
+        grpc_secure_channel_create(creds->c_creds, target, &c_args, NULL);
   } else {
     self->c_chan = grpc_insecure_channel_create(target, &c_args, NULL);
   }
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ PyObject *pygrpc_Channel_watch_connectivity_state(
   int last_observed_state;
   CompletionQueue *completion_queue;
   char *keywords[] = {"last_observed_state", "deadline",
-                      "completion_queue", "tag"};
+                      "completion_queue", "tag", NULL};
   if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(
       args, kwargs, "idO!O:watch_connectivity_state", keywords,
       &last_observed_state, &deadline, &pygrpc_CompletionQueue_type,
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/client_credentials.c b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/client_credentials.c
index e314c15324..36fd207464 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/client_credentials.c
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/client_credentials.c
@@ -135,9 +135,10 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_ssl(
   if (private_key && cert_chain) {
     key_cert_pair.private_key = private_key;
     key_cert_pair.cert_chain = cert_chain;
-    self->c_creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(root_certs, &key_cert_pair);
+    self->c_creds =
+        grpc_ssl_credentials_create(root_certs, &key_cert_pair, NULL);
   } else {
-    self->c_creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(root_certs, NULL);
+    self->c_creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(root_certs, NULL, NULL);
   }
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
@@ -159,8 +160,8 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_composite(
     return NULL;
   }
   self = (ClientCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
-  self->c_creds = grpc_composite_credentials_create(
-      creds1->c_creds, creds2->c_creds);
+  self->c_creds =
+      grpc_composite_credentials_create(creds1->c_creds, creds2->c_creds, NULL);
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "couldn't create composite credentials");
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_composite(
 ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_compute_engine(
     PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *ignored) {
   ClientCredentials *self = (ClientCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
-  self->c_creds = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create();
+  self->c_creds = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(NULL);
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_service_account(
   }
   self = (ClientCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
   self->c_creds = grpc_service_account_credentials_create(
-      json_key, scope, pygrpc_cast_double_to_gpr_timespec(lifetime));
+      json_key, scope, pygrpc_cast_double_to_gpr_timespec(lifetime), NULL);
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_jwt(
   }
   self = (ClientCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
   self->c_creds = grpc_service_account_jwt_access_credentials_create(
-      json_key, pygrpc_cast_double_to_gpr_timespec(lifetime));
+      json_key, pygrpc_cast_double_to_gpr_timespec(lifetime), NULL);
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "couldn't create JWT credentials");
@@ -237,7 +238,8 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_refresh_token(
     return NULL;
   }
   self = (ClientCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
-  self->c_creds = grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create(json_refresh_token);
+  self->c_creds =
+      grpc_refresh_token_credentials_create(json_refresh_token, NULL);
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
@@ -259,7 +261,7 @@ ClientCredentials *pygrpc_ClientCredentials_iam(
   }
   self = (ClientCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
   self->c_creds = grpc_iam_credentials_create(authorization_token,
-                                              authority_selector);
+                                              authority_selector, NULL);
   if (!self->c_creds) {
     Py_DECREF(self);
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "couldn't create IAM credentials");
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server.c b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server.c
index 15c98f28eb..8feab8aab1 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server.c
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server.c
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ PyMethodDef pygrpc_Server_methods[] = {
      METH_KEYWORDS, ""},
     {"start", (PyCFunction)pygrpc_Server_start, METH_NOARGS, ""},
     {"shutdown", (PyCFunction)pygrpc_Server_shutdown, METH_KEYWORDS, ""},
+    {"cancel_all_calls", (PyCFunction)pygrpc_Server_cancel_all_calls,
+     METH_NOARGS, ""},
     {NULL}
 };
 const char pygrpc_Server_doc[] = "See grpc._adapter._types.Server.";
@@ -109,6 +111,7 @@ Server *pygrpc_Server_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs)
   pygrpc_discard_channel_args(c_args);
   self->cq = cq;
   Py_INCREF(self->cq);
+  self->shutdown_called = 0;
   return self;
 }
 
@@ -163,6 +166,7 @@ PyObject *pygrpc_Server_add_http2_port(
 
 PyObject *pygrpc_Server_start(Server *self, PyObject *ignored) {
   grpc_server_start(self->c_serv);
+  self->shutdown_called = 0;
   Py_RETURN_NONE;
 }
 
@@ -176,5 +180,17 @@ PyObject *pygrpc_Server_shutdown(
   }
   tag = pygrpc_produce_server_shutdown_tag(user_tag);
   grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(self->c_serv, self->cq->c_cq, tag);
+  self->shutdown_called = 1;
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+PyObject *pygrpc_Server_cancel_all_calls(Server *self, PyObject *unused) {
+  if (!self->shutdown_called) {
+    PyErr_SetString(
+        PyExc_RuntimeError,
+        "shutdown must have been called prior to calling cancel_all_calls!");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  grpc_server_cancel_all_calls(self->c_serv);
   Py_RETURN_NONE;
 }
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server_credentials.c b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server_credentials.c
index f6859b79d7..df51a99b6a 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server_credentials.c
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_c/types/server_credentials.c
@@ -99,11 +99,13 @@ ServerCredentials *pygrpc_ServerCredentials_ssl(
   const char *root_certs;
   PyObject *py_key_cert_pairs;
   grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *key_cert_pairs;
+  int force_client_auth;
   size_t num_key_cert_pairs;
   size_t i;
-  static char *keywords[] = {"root_certs", "key_cert_pairs", NULL};
-  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwargs, "zO:ssl", keywords,
-        &root_certs, &py_key_cert_pairs)) {
+  static char *keywords[] = {
+      "root_certs", "key_cert_pairs", "force_client_auth", NULL};
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwargs, "zOi:ssl", keywords,
+	&root_certs, &py_key_cert_pairs, &force_client_auth)) {
     return NULL;
   }
   if (!PyList_Check(py_key_cert_pairs)) {
@@ -128,11 +130,8 @@ ServerCredentials *pygrpc_ServerCredentials_ssl(
   }
 
   self = (ServerCredentials *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
-  /* TODO: Add a force_client_auth parameter in the python object and pass it
-     here as the last arg. */
   self->c_creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(
-      root_certs, key_cert_pairs, num_key_cert_pairs, 0);
+      root_certs, key_cert_pairs, num_key_cert_pairs, force_client_auth, NULL);
   gpr_free(key_cert_pairs);
   return self;
 }
-
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_intermediary_low.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_intermediary_low.py
index e7bf9dc462..06358e72bc 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_intermediary_low.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_intermediary_low.py
@@ -255,5 +255,6 @@ class ClientCredentials(object):
 class ServerCredentials(object):
   """Adapter from old _low.ServerCredentials interface to new _low.ServerCredentials."""
 
-  def __init__(self, root_credentials, pair_sequence):
-    self._internal = _low.ServerCredentials.ssl(root_credentials, list(pair_sequence))
+  def __init__(self, root_credentials, pair_sequence, force_client_auth):
+    self._internal = _low.ServerCredentials.ssl(
+        root_credentials, list(pair_sequence), force_client_auth)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_low.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_low.py
index 147086e725..3859ebb0e2 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_low.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/_low.py
@@ -124,3 +124,6 @@ class Server(_types.Server):
 
   def request_call(self, completion_queue, tag):
     return self.server.request_call(completion_queue.completion_queue, tag)
+
+  def cancel_all_calls(self):
+    return self.server.cancel_all_calls()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/fore.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/fore.py
index 7d88bda263..daa41e8bde 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/fore.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_adapter/fore.py
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ class ForeLink(base_interfaces.ForeLink, activated.Activated):
         self._port = self._server.add_http2_addr(address)
       else:
         server_credentials = _low.ServerCredentials(
-          self._root_certificates, self._key_chain_pairs)
+          self._root_certificates, self._key_chain_pairs, False)
         self._server = _low.Server(self._completion_queue)
         self._port = self._server.add_secure_http2_addr(
             address, server_credentials)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxd b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxd
index d065383587..c793774c8d 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxd
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/_cygrpc/grpc.pxd
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ cdef extern from "grpc/grpc_security.h":
   grpc_server_credentials *grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(
       const char *pem_root_certs,
       grpc_ssl_pem_key_cert_pair *pem_key_cert_pairs,
-      size_t num_key_cert_pairs);
+      size_t num_key_cert_pairs)
   void grpc_server_credentials_release(grpc_server_credentials *creds)
 
   int grpc_server_add_secure_http2_port(grpc_server *server, const char *addr,
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/invocation.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/invocation.py
index 0058ae91f8..ee3d72fdbc 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/invocation.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/invocation.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
     else:
       ticket = links.Ticket(
           operation_id, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, 1,
-          None, None, None, None, None, None)
+          None, None, None, None, None, None, None)
       rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
       self._relay.add_value(ticket)
       rpc_state.low_write = _LowWrite.OPEN
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
       ticket = links.Ticket(
           operation_id, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, None,
           None, rpc_state.response_deserializer(event.bytes), None, None, None,
-          None)
+          None, None)
       rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
       self._relay.add_value(ticket)
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
     ticket = links.Ticket(
         operation_id, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None,
         links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL, None, None, event.metadata, None, None,
-        None, None, None)
+        None, None, None, None)
     rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
     self._relay.add_value(ticket)
 
@@ -141,12 +141,14 @@ class _Kernel(object):
       termination = links.Ticket.Termination.CANCELLATION
     elif event.status.code is _intermediary_low.Code.DEADLINE_EXCEEDED:
       termination = links.Ticket.Termination.EXPIRATION
+    elif event.status.code is _intermediary_low.Code.UNKNOWN:
+      termination = links.Ticket.Termination.LOCAL_FAILURE
     else:
       termination = links.Ticket.Termination.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE
     ticket = links.Ticket(
         operation_id, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, None,
         None, None, event.metadata, event.status.code, event.status.details,
-        termination)
+        termination, None)
     rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
     self._relay.add_value(ticket)
 
@@ -349,7 +351,7 @@ def invocation_link(channel, host, request_serializers, response_deserializers):
   """Creates an InvocationLink.
 
   Args:
-    channel: A channel for use by the link.
+    channel: An _intermediary_low.Channel for use by the link.
     host: The host to specify when invoking RPCs.
     request_serializers: A dict from group-method pair to request object
       serialization behavior.
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/service.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/service.py
index 5c636d61ab..10634e43b5 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/service.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/_links/service.py
@@ -40,6 +40,19 @@ from grpc.framework.foundation import logging_pool
 from grpc.framework.foundation import relay
 from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links
 
+_TERMINATION_KIND_TO_CODE = {
+    links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION: _intermediary_low.Code.OK,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.CANCELLATION: _intermediary_low.Code.CANCELLED,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.EXPIRATION:
+        _intermediary_low.Code.DEADLINE_EXCEEDED,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.SHUTDOWN: _intermediary_low.Code.UNAVAILABLE,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.RECEPTION_FAILURE: _intermediary_low.Code.INTERNAL,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE:
+        _intermediary_low.Code.INTERNAL,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.LOCAL_FAILURE: _intermediary_low.Code.UNKNOWN,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.REMOTE_FAILURE: _intermediary_low.Code.UNKNOWN,
+}
+
 
 @enum.unique
 class _Read(enum.Enum):
@@ -93,6 +106,15 @@ def _metadatafy(call, metadata):
     call.add_metadata(metadata_key, metadata_value)
 
 
+def _status(termination_kind, code, details):
+  effective_details = b'' if details is None else details
+  if code is None:
+    effective_code = _TERMINATION_KIND_TO_CODE[termination_kind]
+  else:
+    effective_code = code
+  return _intermediary_low.Status(effective_code, effective_details)
+
+
 class _Kernel(object):
 
   def __init__(self, request_deserializers, response_serializers, ticket_relay):
@@ -131,7 +153,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
     ticket = links.Ticket(
         call, 0, group, method, links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL,
         service_acceptance.deadline - time.time(), None, event.metadata, None,
-        None, None, None, None)
+        None, None, None, None, 'TODO: Service Context Object!')
     self._relay.add_value(ticket)
 
   def _on_read_event(self, event):
@@ -157,7 +179,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
         # rpc_state.read = _Read.AWAITING_ALLOWANCE
     ticket = links.Ticket(
         call, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, None, None,
-        payload, None, None, None, termination)
+        payload, None, None, None, termination, None)
     rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
     self._relay.add_value(ticket)
 
@@ -170,13 +192,15 @@ class _Kernel(object):
     if rpc_state.high_write is _HighWrite.CLOSED:
       if rpc_state.terminal_metadata is not None:
         _metadatafy(call, rpc_state.terminal_metadata)
-      call.status(
-          _intermediary_low.Status(rpc_state.code, rpc_state.message), call)
+      status = _status(
+          links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, rpc_state.code,
+          rpc_state.message)
+      call.status(status, call)
       rpc_state.low_write = _LowWrite.CLOSED
     else:
       ticket = links.Ticket(
           call, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, 1, None,
-          None, None, None, None, None)
+          None, None, None, None, None, None)
       rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
       self._relay.add_value(ticket)
       rpc_state.low_write = _LowWrite.OPEN
@@ -198,7 +222,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
       termination = links.Ticket.Termination.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE
     ticket = links.Ticket(
         call, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, None, None,
-        None, None, None, None, termination)
+        None, None, None, None, termination, None)
     rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
     self._relay.add_value(ticket)
 
@@ -239,7 +263,7 @@ class _Kernel(object):
       elif not rpc_state.premetadataed:
         if (ticket.terminal_metadata is not None or
             ticket.payload is not None or
-            ticket.termination is links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION or
+            ticket.termination is not None or
             ticket.code is not None or
             ticket.message is not None):
           call.premetadata()
@@ -257,11 +281,11 @@ class _Kernel(object):
             termination = None
           else:
             termination = links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION
-          ticket = links.Ticket(
+          early_read_ticket = links.Ticket(
               call, rpc_state.sequence_number, None, None, None, None, None,
-              None, payload, None, None, None, termination)
+              None, payload, None, None, None, termination, None)
           rpc_state.sequence_number += 1
-          self._relay.add_value(ticket)
+          self._relay.add_value(early_read_ticket)
 
       if ticket.payload is not None:
         call.write(rpc_state.response_serializer(ticket.payload), call)
@@ -279,14 +303,17 @@ class _Kernel(object):
         if rpc_state.low_write is _LowWrite.OPEN:
           if rpc_state.terminal_metadata is not None:
             _metadatafy(call, rpc_state.terminal_metadata)
-          status = _intermediary_low.Status(
-              _intermediary_low.Code.OK
-              if rpc_state.code is None else rpc_state.code,
-              '' if rpc_state.message is None else rpc_state.message)
+          status = _status(
+              links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, rpc_state.code,
+              rpc_state.message)
           call.status(status, call)
           rpc_state.low_write = _LowWrite.CLOSED
       elif ticket.termination is not None:
-        call.cancel()
+        if rpc_state.terminal_metadata is not None:
+          _metadatafy(call, rpc_state.terminal_metadata)
+        status = _status(
+            ticket.termination, rpc_state.code, rpc_state.message)
+        call.status(status, call)
         self._rpc_states.pop(call, None)
 
   def add_port(self, port, server_credentials):
@@ -339,10 +366,10 @@ class ServiceLink(links.Link):
     """Adds a port on which to service RPCs after this link has been started.
 
     Args:
-      port: The port on which to service RPCs, or zero to request that a port be
-        automatically selected and used.
-      server_credentials: A ServerCredentials object, or None for insecure
-        service.
+      port: The port on which to service RPCs, or zero to request that a port
+        be automatically selected and used.
+      server_credentials: An _intermediary_low.ServerCredentials object, or
+        None for insecure service.
 
     Returns:
       A port on which RPCs will be serviced after this link has been started.
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b89398809f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/_connectivity_channel.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/_connectivity_channel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..457ede79f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/_connectivity_channel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Affords a connectivity-state-listenable channel."""
+
+import threading
+import time
+
+from grpc._adapter import _low
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+
+_CHANNEL_SUBSCRIPTION_CALLBACK_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE = (
+    'Exception calling channel subscription callback!')
+
+
+class ConnectivityChannel(object):
+
+  def __init__(self, low_channel, mapping):
+    self._lock = threading.Lock()
+    self._low_channel = low_channel
+    self._mapping = mapping
+
+    self._polling = False
+    self._connectivity = None
+    self._try_to_connect = False
+    self._callbacks_and_connectivities = []
+    self._delivering = False
+
+  def _deliveries(self, connectivity):
+    callbacks_needing_update = []
+    for callback_and_connectivity in self._callbacks_and_connectivities:
+      callback, callback_connectivity = callback_and_connectivity
+      if callback_connectivity is not connectivity:
+        callbacks_needing_update.append(callback)
+        callback_and_connectivity[1] = connectivity
+    return callbacks_needing_update
+
+  def _deliver(self, initial_connectivity, initial_callbacks):
+    connectivity = initial_connectivity
+    callbacks = initial_callbacks
+    while True:
+      for callback in callbacks:
+        callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+            callback, _CHANNEL_SUBSCRIPTION_CALLBACK_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE,
+            connectivity)
+      with self._lock:
+        callbacks = self._deliveries(self._connectivity)
+        if callbacks:
+          connectivity = self._connectivity
+        else:
+          self._delivering = False
+          return
+
+  def _spawn_delivery(self, connectivity, callbacks):
+    delivering_thread = threading.Thread(
+        target=self._deliver, args=(connectivity, callbacks,))
+    delivering_thread.start()
+    self._delivering = True
+
+  # TODO(issue 3064): Don't poll.
+  def _poll_connectivity(self, low_channel, initial_try_to_connect):
+    try_to_connect = initial_try_to_connect
+    low_connectivity = low_channel.check_connectivity_state(try_to_connect)
+    with self._lock:
+      self._connectivity = self._mapping[low_connectivity]
+      callbacks = tuple(
+          callback for callback, unused_but_known_to_be_none_connectivity
+          in self._callbacks_and_connectivities)
+      for callback_and_connectivity in self._callbacks_and_connectivities:
+        callback_and_connectivity[1] = self._connectivity
+      if callbacks:
+        self._spawn_delivery(self._connectivity, callbacks)
+    completion_queue = _low.CompletionQueue()
+    while True:
+      low_channel.watch_connectivity_state(
+          low_connectivity, time.time() + 0.2, completion_queue, None)
+      event = completion_queue.next()
+      with self._lock:
+        if not self._callbacks_and_connectivities and not self._try_to_connect:
+          self._polling = False
+          self._connectivity = None
+          completion_queue.shutdown()
+          break
+        try_to_connect = self._try_to_connect
+        self._try_to_connect = False
+      if event.success or try_to_connect:
+        low_connectivity = low_channel.check_connectivity_state(try_to_connect)
+        with self._lock:
+          self._connectivity = self._mapping[low_connectivity]
+          if not self._delivering:
+            callbacks = self._deliveries(self._connectivity)
+            if callbacks:
+              self._spawn_delivery(self._connectivity, callbacks)
+
+  def subscribe(self, callback, try_to_connect):
+    with self._lock:
+      if not self._callbacks_and_connectivities and not self._polling:
+        polling_thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=self._poll_connectivity,
+            args=(self._low_channel, bool(try_to_connect)))
+        polling_thread.start()
+        self._polling = True
+        self._callbacks_and_connectivities.append([callback, None])
+      elif not self._delivering and self._connectivity is not None:
+        self._spawn_delivery(self._connectivity, (callback,))
+        self._try_to_connect |= bool(try_to_connect)
+        self._callbacks_and_connectivities.append(
+            [callback, self._connectivity])
+      else:
+        self._try_to_connect |= bool(try_to_connect)
+        self._callbacks_and_connectivities.append([callback, None])
+
+  def unsubscribe(self, callback):
+    with self._lock:
+      for index, (subscribed_callback, unused_connectivity) in enumerate(
+          self._callbacks_and_connectivities):
+        if callback == subscribed_callback:
+          self._callbacks_and_connectivities.pop(index)
+          break
+
+  def low_channel(self):
+    return self._low_channel
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/beta.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/beta.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40cad5e486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/beta.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Entry points into gRPC Python Beta."""
+
+import enum
+
+from grpc._adapter import _low
+from grpc._adapter import _types
+from grpc.beta import _connectivity_channel
+
+_CHANNEL_SUBSCRIPTION_CALLBACK_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE = (
+    'Exception calling channel subscription callback!')
+
+
+@enum.unique
+class ChannelConnectivity(enum.Enum):
+  """Mirrors grpc_connectivity_state in the gRPC Core.
+
+  Attributes:
+    IDLE: The channel is idle.
+    CONNECTING: The channel is connecting.
+    READY: The channel is ready to conduct RPCs.
+    TRANSIENT_FAILURE: The channel has seen a failure from which it expects to
+      recover.
+    FATAL_FAILURE: The channel has seen a failure from which it cannot recover.
+  """
+
+  IDLE = (_types.ConnectivityState.IDLE, 'idle',)
+  CONNECTING = (_types.ConnectivityState.CONNECTING, 'connecting',)
+  READY = (_types.ConnectivityState.READY, 'ready',)
+  TRANSIENT_FAILURE = (
+      _types.ConnectivityState.TRANSIENT_FAILURE, 'transient failure',)
+  FATAL_FAILURE = (_types.ConnectivityState.FATAL_FAILURE, 'fatal failure',)
+
+_LOW_CONNECTIVITY_STATE_TO_CHANNEL_CONNECTIVITY = {
+    state: connectivity for state, connectivity in zip(
+        _types.ConnectivityState, ChannelConnectivity)
+}
+
+
+class Channel(object):
+  """A channel to a remote host through which RPCs may be conducted.
+
+  Only the "subscribe" and "unsubscribe" methods are supported for application
+  use. This class' instance constructor and all other attributes are
+  unsupported.
+  """
+
+  def __init__(self, low_channel):
+    self._connectivity_channel = _connectivity_channel.ConnectivityChannel(
+        low_channel, _LOW_CONNECTIVITY_STATE_TO_CHANNEL_CONNECTIVITY)
+
+  def subscribe(self, callback, try_to_connect=None):
+    """Subscribes to this Channel's connectivity.
+
+    Args:
+      callback: A callable to be invoked and passed this Channel's connectivity.
+        The callable will be invoked immediately upon subscription and again for
+        every change to this Channel's connectivity thereafter until it is
+        unsubscribed.
+      try_to_connect: A boolean indicating whether or not this Channel should
+        attempt to connect if it is not already connected and ready to conduct
+        RPCs.
+    """
+    self._connectivity_channel.subscribe(callback, try_to_connect)
+
+  def unsubscribe(self, callback):
+    """Unsubscribes a callback from this Channel's connectivity.
+
+    Args:
+      callback: A callable previously registered with this Channel from having
+        been passed to its "subscribe" method.
+    """
+    self._connectivity_channel.unsubscribe(callback)
+
+
+def create_insecure_channel(host, port):
+  """Creates an insecure Channel to a remote host.
+
+  Args:
+    host: The name of the remote host to which to connect.
+    port: The port of the remote host to which to connect.
+
+  Returns:
+    A Channel to the remote host through which RPCs may be conducted.
+  """
+  return Channel(_low.Channel('%s:%d' % (host, port), ()))
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/utilities.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/utilities.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b5356e3ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/beta/utilities.py
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Utilities for the gRPC Python Beta API."""
+
+import threading
+import time
+
+from grpc.beta import beta
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+from grpc.framework.foundation import future
+
+_DONE_CALLBACK_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = (
+    'Exception calling connectivity future "done" callback!')
+
+
+class _ChannelReadyFuture(future.Future):
+
+  def __init__(self, channel):
+    self._condition = threading.Condition()
+    self._channel = channel
+
+    self._matured = False
+    self._cancelled = False
+    self._done_callbacks = []
+
+  def _block(self, timeout):
+    until = None if timeout is None else time.time() + timeout
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._cancelled:
+          raise future.CancelledError()
+        elif self._matured:
+          return
+        else:
+          if until is None:
+            self._condition.wait()
+          else:
+            remaining = until - time.time()
+            if remaining < 0:
+              raise future.TimeoutError()
+            else:
+              self._condition.wait(timeout=remaining)
+
+  def _update(self, connectivity):
+    with self._condition:
+      if not self._cancelled and connectivity is beta.ChannelConnectivity.READY:
+        self._matured = True
+        self._channel.unsubscribe(self._update)
+        self._condition.notify_all()
+        done_callbacks = tuple(self._done_callbacks)
+        self._done_callbacks = None
+      else:
+        return
+
+    for done_callback in done_callbacks:
+      callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+          done_callback, _DONE_CALLBACK_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE, self)
+
+  def cancel(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      if not self._matured:
+        self._cancelled = True
+        self._channel.unsubscribe(self._update)
+        self._condition.notify_all()
+        done_callbacks = tuple(self._done_callbacks)
+        self._done_callbacks = None
+      else:
+        return False
+
+    for done_callback in done_callbacks:
+      callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+          done_callback, _DONE_CALLBACK_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE, self)
+
+  def cancelled(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return self._cancelled
+
+  def running(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return not self._cancelled and not self._matured
+
+  def done(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return self._cancelled or self._matured
+
+  def result(self, timeout=None):
+    self._block(timeout)
+    return None
+
+  def exception(self, timeout=None):
+    self._block(timeout)
+    return None
+
+  def traceback(self, timeout=None):
+    self._block(timeout)
+    return None
+
+  def add_done_callback(self, fn):
+    with self._condition:
+      if not self._cancelled and not self._matured:
+        self._done_callbacks.append(fn)
+        return
+
+    fn(self)
+
+  def start(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._channel.subscribe(self._update, try_to_connect=True)
+
+  def __del__(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      if not self._cancelled and not self._matured:
+        self._channel.unsubscribe(self._update)
+
+
+def channel_ready_future(channel):
+  """Creates a future.Future that matures when a beta.Channel is ready.
+
+  Cancelling the returned future.Future does not tell the given beta.Channel to
+  abandon attempts it may have been making to connect; cancelling merely
+  deactivates the return future.Future's subscription to the given
+  beta.Channel's connectivity.
+
+  Args:
+    channel: A beta.Channel.
+
+  Returns:
+    A future.Future that matures when the given Channel has connectivity
+      beta.ChannelConnectivity.READY.
+  """
+  ready_future = _ChannelReadyFuture(channel)
+  ready_future.start()
+  return ready_future
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7086519106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_constants.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_constants.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3be3a4c4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_constants.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Private constants for the package."""
+
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links
+
+TICKET_SUBSCRIPTION_FOR_BASE_SUBSCRIPTION_KIND = {
+    base.Subscription.Kind.NONE: links.Ticket.Subscription.NONE,
+    base.Subscription.Kind.TERMINATION_ONLY:
+        links.Ticket.Subscription.TERMINATION,
+    base.Subscription.Kind.FULL: links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL,
+    }
+
+# Mapping from abortive operation outcome to ticket termination to be
+# sent to the other side of the operation, or None to indicate that no
+# ticket should be sent to the other side in the event of such an
+# outcome.
+ABORTION_OUTCOME_TO_TICKET_TERMINATION = {
+    base.Outcome.CANCELLED: links.Ticket.Termination.CANCELLATION,
+    base.Outcome.EXPIRED: links.Ticket.Termination.EXPIRATION,
+    base.Outcome.LOCAL_SHUTDOWN: links.Ticket.Termination.SHUTDOWN,
+    base.Outcome.REMOTE_SHUTDOWN: None,
+    base.Outcome.RECEPTION_FAILURE: links.Ticket.Termination.RECEPTION_FAILURE,
+    base.Outcome.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE: None,
+    base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE: links.Ticket.Termination.LOCAL_FAILURE,
+    base.Outcome.REMOTE_FAILURE: links.Ticket.Termination.REMOTE_FAILURE,
+}
+
+INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE = ':-( RPC Framework (Core) internal error! )-:'
+TERMINATION_CALLBACK_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = (
+    'Exception calling termination callback!')
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_context.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_context.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76b3534530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_context.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for operation context."""
+
+import time
+
+# _interfaces is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+
+
+class OperationContext(base.OperationContext):
+  """An implementation of interfaces.OperationContext."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager,
+      expiration_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      lock: The operation-wide lock.
+      termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+      transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+        operation.
+      expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager for the operation.
+    """
+    self._lock = lock
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._transmission_manager = transmission_manager
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+
+  def _abort(self, outcome):
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+        self._termination_manager.abort(outcome)
+        self._transmission_manager.abort(outcome, None, None)
+        self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+
+  def outcome(self):
+    """See base.OperationContext.outcome for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      return self._termination_manager.outcome
+
+  def add_termination_callback(self, callback):
+    """See base.OperationContext.add_termination_callback."""
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+        self._termination_manager.add_callback(callback)
+        return None
+      else:
+        return self._termination_manager.outcome
+
+  def time_remaining(self):
+    """See base.OperationContext.time_remaining for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      deadline = self._expiration_manager.deadline()
+    return max(0.0, deadline - time.time())
+
+  def cancel(self):
+    """See base.OperationContext.cancel for specification."""
+    self._abort(base.Outcome.CANCELLED)
+
+  def fail(self, exception):
+    """See base.OperationContext.fail for specification."""
+    self._abort(base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_emission.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_emission.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d7b2e2f10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_emission.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for handling emitted values."""
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+
+
+class EmissionManager(_interfaces.EmissionManager):
+  """An EmissionManager implementation."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager,
+      expiration_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      lock: The operation-wide lock.
+      termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+      transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+        operation.
+      expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager for the operation.
+    """
+    self._lock = lock
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._transmission_manager = transmission_manager
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+    self._ingestion_manager = None
+
+    self._initial_metadata_seen = False
+    self._payload_seen = False
+    self._completion_seen = False
+
+  def set_ingestion_manager(self, ingestion_manager):
+    """Sets the ingestion manager with which this manager will cooperate.
+
+    Args:
+      ingestion_manager: The _interfaces.IngestionManager for the operation.
+    """
+    self._ingestion_manager = ingestion_manager
+
+  def advance(
+      self, initial_metadata=None, payload=None, completion=None,
+      allowance=None):
+    initial_metadata_present = initial_metadata is not None
+    payload_present = payload is not None
+    completion_present = completion is not None
+    allowance_present = allowance is not None
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+        if (initial_metadata_present and (
+                self._initial_metadata_seen or self._payload_seen or
+                self._completion_seen) or
+            payload_present and self._completion_seen or
+            completion_present and self._completion_seen or
+            allowance_present and allowance <= 0):
+          self._termination_manager.abort(base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE)
+          self._transmission_manager.abort(
+              base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE, None, None)
+          self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+        else:
+          self._initial_metadata_seen |= initial_metadata_present
+          self._payload_seen |= payload_present
+          self._completion_seen |= completion_present
+          if completion_present:
+            self._termination_manager.emission_complete()
+            self._ingestion_manager.local_emissions_done()
+          self._transmission_manager.advance(
+              initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance)
+          if allowance_present:
+            self._ingestion_manager.add_local_allowance(allowance)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_end.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_end.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb2c532df6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_end.py
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Implementation of base.End."""
+
+import abc
+import enum
+import threading
+import uuid
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _operation
+from grpc.framework.core import _utilities
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+from grpc.framework.foundation import later
+from grpc.framework.foundation import logging_pool
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import utilities
+
+_IDLE_ACTION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = 'Exception calling idle action!'
+
+
+class End(base.End, links.Link):
+  """A bridge between base.End and links.Link.
+
+  Implementations of this interface translate arriving tickets into
+  calls on application objects implementing base interfaces and
+  translate calls from application objects implementing base interfaces
+  into tickets sent to a joined link.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+
+class _Cycle(object):
+  """State for a single start-stop End lifecycle."""
+
+  def __init__(self, pool):
+    self.pool = pool
+    self.grace = False
+    self.futures = []
+    self.operations = {}
+    self.idle_actions = []
+
+
+def _abort(operations):
+  for operation in operations:
+    operation.abort(base.Outcome.LOCAL_SHUTDOWN)
+
+
+def _cancel_futures(futures):
+  for future in futures:
+    futures.cancel()
+
+
+def _future_shutdown(lock, cycle, event):
+  def in_future():
+    with lock:
+      _abort(cycle.operations.values())
+      _cancel_futures(cycle.futures)
+      pool = cycle.pool
+    cycle.pool.shutdown(wait=True)
+  return in_future
+
+
+def _termination_action(lock, stats, operation_id, cycle):
+  """Constructs the termination action for a single operation.
+
+  Args:
+    lock: A lock to hold during the termination action.
+    states: A mapping from base.Outcome values to integers to increment with
+      the outcome given to the termination action.
+    operation_id: The operation ID for the termination action.
+    cycle: A _Cycle value to be updated during the termination action.
+
+  Returns:
+    A callable that takes an operation outcome as its sole parameter and that
+      should be used as the termination action for the operation associated
+      with the given operation ID.
+  """
+  def termination_action(outcome):
+    with lock:
+      stats[outcome] += 1
+      cycle.operations.pop(operation_id, None)
+      if not cycle.operations:
+        for action in cycle.idle_actions:
+          cycle.pool.submit(action)
+        cycle.idle_actions = []
+        if cycle.grace:
+          _cancel_futures(cycle.futures)
+  return termination_action
+
+
+class _End(End):
+  """An End implementation."""
+
+  def __init__(self, servicer_package):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      servicer_package: A _ServicerPackage for servicing operations or None if
+        this end will not be used to service operations.
+    """
+    self._lock = threading.Condition()
+    self._servicer_package = servicer_package
+
+    self._stats = {outcome: 0 for outcome in base.Outcome}
+
+    self._mate = None
+
+    self._cycle = None
+
+  def start(self):
+    """See base.End.start for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._cycle is not None:
+        raise ValueError('Tried to start a not-stopped End!')
+      else:
+        self._cycle = _Cycle(logging_pool.pool(1))
+
+  def stop(self, grace):
+    """See base.End.stop for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._cycle is None:
+        event = threading.Event()
+        event.set()
+        return event
+      elif not self._cycle.operations:
+        event = threading.Event()
+        self._cycle.pool.submit(event.set)
+        self._cycle.pool.shutdown(wait=False)
+        self._cycle = None
+        return event
+      else:
+        self._cycle.grace = True
+        event = threading.Event()
+        self._cycle.idle_actions.append(event.set)
+        if 0 < grace:
+          future = later.later(
+              grace, _future_shutdown(self._lock, self._cycle, event))
+          self._cycle.futures.append(future)
+        else:
+          _abort(self._cycle.operations.values())
+        return event
+
+  def operate(
+      self, group, method, subscription, timeout, initial_metadata=None,
+      payload=None, completion=None):
+    """See base.End.operate for specification."""
+    operation_id = uuid.uuid4()
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._cycle is None or self._cycle.grace:
+        raise ValueError('Can\'t operate on stopped or stopping End!')
+      termination_action = _termination_action(
+          self._lock, self._stats, operation_id, self._cycle)
+      operation = _operation.invocation_operate(
+          operation_id, group, method, subscription, timeout, initial_metadata,
+          payload, completion, self._mate.accept_ticket, termination_action,
+          self._cycle.pool)
+      self._cycle.operations[operation_id] = operation
+      return operation.context, operation.operator
+
+  def operation_stats(self):
+    """See base.End.operation_stats for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      return dict(self._stats)
+
+  def add_idle_action(self, action):
+    """See base.End.add_idle_action for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._cycle is None:
+        raise ValueError('Can\'t add idle action to stopped End!')
+      action_with_exceptions_logged = callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+          action, _IDLE_ACTION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE)
+      if self._cycle.operations:
+        self._cycle.idle_actions.append(action_with_exceptions_logged)
+      else:
+        self._cycle.pool.submit(action_with_exceptions_logged)
+
+  def accept_ticket(self, ticket):
+    """See links.Link.accept_ticket for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._cycle is not None and not self._cycle.grace:
+        operation = self._cycle.operations.get(ticket.operation_id)
+        if operation is not None:
+          operation.handle_ticket(ticket)
+        elif self._servicer_package is not None:
+          termination_action = _termination_action(
+              self._lock, self._stats, ticket.operation_id, self._cycle)
+          operation = _operation.service_operate(
+              self._servicer_package, ticket, self._mate.accept_ticket,
+              termination_action, self._cycle.pool)
+          if operation is not None:
+            self._cycle.operations[ticket.operation_id] = operation
+
+  def join_link(self, link):
+    """See links.Link.join_link for specification."""
+    with self._lock:
+      self._mate = utilities.NULL_LINK if link is None else link
+
+
+def serviceless_end_link():
+  """Constructs an End usable only for invoking operations.
+
+  Returns:
+    An End usable for translating operations into ticket exchange.
+  """
+  return _End(None)
+
+
+def serviceful_end_link(servicer, default_timeout, maximum_timeout):
+  """Constructs an End capable of servicing operations.
+
+  Args:
+    servicer: An interfaces.Servicer for servicing operations.
+    default_timeout: A length of time in seconds to be used as the default
+      time alloted for a single operation.
+    maximum_timeout: A length of time in seconds to be used as the maximum
+      time alloted for a single operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An End capable of servicing the operations requested of it through ticket
+      exchange.
+  """
+  return _End(
+      _utilities.ServicerPackage(servicer, default_timeout, maximum_timeout))
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_expiration.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_expiration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8690b3a02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_expiration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for operation expiration."""
+
+import time
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.foundation import later
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+
+
+class _ExpirationManager(_interfaces.ExpirationManager):
+  """An implementation of _interfaces.ExpirationManager."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, commencement, timeout, maximum_timeout, lock, termination_manager,
+      transmission_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      commencement: The time in seconds since the epoch at which the operation
+        began.
+      timeout: A length of time in seconds to allow for the operation to run.
+      maximum_timeout: The maximum length of time in seconds to allow for the
+        operation to run despite what is requested via this object's
+        change_timout method.
+      lock: The operation-wide lock.
+      termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+      transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+        operation.
+    """
+    self._lock = lock
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._transmission_manager = transmission_manager
+    self._commencement = commencement
+    self._maximum_timeout = maximum_timeout
+
+    self._timeout = timeout
+    self._deadline = commencement + timeout
+    self._index = None
+    self._future = None
+
+  def _expire(self, index):
+    def expire():
+      with self._lock:
+        if self._future is not None and index == self._index:
+          self._future = None
+          self._termination_manager.expire()
+          self._transmission_manager.abort(base.Outcome.EXPIRED, None, None)
+    return expire
+
+  def start(self):
+    self._index = 0
+    self._future = later.later(self._timeout, self._expire(0))
+
+  def change_timeout(self, timeout):
+    if self._future is not None and timeout != self._timeout:
+      self._future.cancel()
+      new_timeout = min(timeout, self._maximum_timeout)
+      new_index = self._index + 1
+      self._timeout = new_timeout
+      self._deadline = self._commencement + new_timeout
+      self._index = new_index
+      delay = self._deadline - time.time()
+      self._future = later.later(delay, self._expire(new_index))
+      if new_timeout != timeout:
+        self._transmission_manager.timeout(new_timeout)
+
+  def deadline(self):
+    return self._deadline
+
+  def terminate(self):
+    if self._future:
+      self._future.cancel()
+      self._future = None
+    self._deadline_index = None
+
+
+def invocation_expiration_manager(
+    timeout, lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager):
+  """Creates an _interfaces.ExpirationManager appropriate for front-side use.
+
+  Args:
+    timeout: A length of time in seconds to allow for the operation to run.
+    lock: The operation-wide lock.
+    termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+    transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+      operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An _interfaces.ExpirationManager appropriate for invocation-side use.
+  """
+  expiration_manager = _ExpirationManager(
+      time.time(), timeout, timeout, lock, termination_manager,
+      transmission_manager)
+  expiration_manager.start()
+  return expiration_manager
+
+
+def service_expiration_manager(
+    timeout, default_timeout, maximum_timeout, lock, termination_manager,
+    transmission_manager):
+  """Creates an _interfaces.ExpirationManager appropriate for back-side use.
+
+  Args:
+    timeout: A length of time in seconds to allow for the operation to run. May
+      be None in which case default_timeout will be used.
+    default_timeout: The default length of time in seconds to allow for the
+      operation to run if the front-side customer has not specified such a value
+      (or if the value they specified is not yet known).
+    maximum_timeout: The maximum length of time in seconds to allow for the
+      operation to run.
+    lock: The operation-wide lock.
+    termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+    transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+      operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An _interfaces.ExpirationManager appropriate for service-side use.
+  """
+  expiration_manager = _ExpirationManager(
+      time.time(), default_timeout if timeout is None else timeout,
+      maximum_timeout, lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager)
+  expiration_manager.start()
+  return expiration_manager
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_ingestion.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_ingestion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b8127f3fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_ingestion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for ingestion during an operation."""
+
+import abc
+import collections
+import enum
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _constants
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.foundation import abandonment
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+
+_CREATE_SUBSCRIPTION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = 'Exception initializing ingestion!'
+_INGESTION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = 'Exception during ingestion!'
+
+
+class _SubscriptionCreation(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_SubscriptionCreation',
+        ('kind', 'subscription', 'code', 'message',))):
+  """A sum type for the outcome of ingestion initialization.
+
+  Attributes:
+    kind: A Kind value coarsely indicating how subscription creation completed.
+    subscription: The created subscription. Only present if kind is
+      Kind.SUBSCRIPTION.
+    code: A code value to be sent to the other side of the operation along with
+      an indication that the operation is being aborted due to an error on the
+      remote side of the operation. Only present if kind is Kind.REMOTE_ERROR.
+    message: A message value to be sent to the other side of the operation
+      along with an indication that the operation is being aborted due to an
+      error on the remote side of the operation. Only present if kind is
+      Kind.REMOTE_ERROR.
+  """
+
+  @enum.unique
+  class Kind(enum.Enum):
+    SUBSCRIPTION = 'subscription'
+    REMOTE_ERROR = 'remote error'
+    ABANDONED = 'abandoned'
+
+
+class _SubscriptionCreator(object):
+  """Common specification of subscription-creating behavior."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def create(self, group, method):
+    """Creates the base.Subscription of the local customer.
+
+    Any exceptions raised by this method should be attributed to and treated as
+    defects in the customer code called by this method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the operation.
+      method: The method identifier of the operation.
+
+    Returns:
+      A _SubscriptionCreation describing the result of subscription creation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class _ServiceSubscriptionCreator(_SubscriptionCreator):
+  """A _SubscriptionCreator appropriate for service-side use."""
+
+  def __init__(self, servicer, operation_context, output_operator):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      servicer: The base.Servicer that will service the operation.
+      operation_context: A base.OperationContext for the operation to be passed
+        to the customer.
+      output_operator: A base.Operator for the operation to be passed to the
+        customer and to be called by the customer to accept operation data
+        emitted by the customer.
+    """
+    self._servicer = servicer
+    self._operation_context = operation_context
+    self._output_operator = output_operator
+
+  def create(self, group, method):
+    try:
+      subscription = self._servicer.service(
+          group, method, self._operation_context, self._output_operator)
+    except base.NoSuchMethodError as e:
+      return _SubscriptionCreation(
+          _SubscriptionCreation.Kind.REMOTE_ERROR, None, e.code, e.message)
+    except abandonment.Abandoned:
+      return _SubscriptionCreation(
+          _SubscriptionCreation.Kind.ABANDONED, None, None, None)
+    else:
+      return _SubscriptionCreation(
+          _SubscriptionCreation.Kind.SUBSCRIPTION, subscription, None, None)
+
+
+def _wrap(behavior):
+  def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
+    try:
+      behavior(*args, **kwargs)
+    except abandonment.Abandoned:
+      return False
+    else:
+      return True
+  return wrapped
+
+
+class _IngestionManager(_interfaces.IngestionManager):
+  """An implementation of _interfaces.IngestionManager."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, lock, pool, subscription, subscription_creator, termination_manager,
+      transmission_manager, expiration_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      lock: The operation-wide lock.
+      pool: A thread pool in which to execute customer code.
+      subscription: A base.Subscription describing the customer's interest in
+        operation values from the other side. May be None if
+        subscription_creator is not None.
+      subscription_creator: A _SubscriptionCreator wrapping the portion of
+        customer code that when called returns the base.Subscription describing
+        the customer's interest in operation values from the other side. May be
+        None if subscription is not None.
+      termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+      transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+        operation.
+      expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager for the operation.
+    """
+    self._lock = lock
+    self._pool = pool
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._transmission_manager = transmission_manager
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+
+    if subscription is None:
+      self._subscription_creator = subscription_creator
+      self._wrapped_operator = None
+    elif subscription.kind is base.Subscription.Kind.FULL:
+      self._subscription_creator = None
+      self._wrapped_operator = _wrap(subscription.operator.advance)
+    else:
+      # TODO(nathaniel): Support other subscriptions.
+      raise ValueError('Unsupported subscription "%s"!' % subscription.kind)
+    self._pending_initial_metadata = None
+    self._pending_payloads = []
+    self._pending_completion = None
+    self._local_allowance = 1
+    # A nonnegative integer or None, with None indicating that the local
+    # customer is done emitting anyway so there's no need to bother it by
+    # informing it that the remote customer has granted it further permission to
+    # emit.
+    self._remote_allowance = 0
+    self._processing = False
+
+  def _abort_internal_only(self):
+    self._subscription_creator = None
+    self._wrapped_operator = None
+    self._pending_initial_metadata = None
+    self._pending_payloads = None
+    self._pending_completion = None
+
+  def _abort_and_notify(self, outcome, code, message):
+    self._abort_internal_only()
+    self._termination_manager.abort(outcome)
+    self._transmission_manager.abort(outcome, code, message)
+    self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+
+  def _operator_next(self):
+    """Computes the next step for full-subscription ingestion.
+
+    Returns:
+      An initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance, continue quintet
+        indicating what operation values (if any) are available to pass into
+        customer code and whether or not there is anything immediately
+        actionable to call customer code to do.
+    """
+    if self._wrapped_operator is None:
+      return None, None, None, None, False
+    else:
+      initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance, action = [None] * 5
+      if self._pending_initial_metadata is not None:
+        initial_metadata = self._pending_initial_metadata
+        self._pending_initial_metadata = None
+        action = True
+      if self._pending_payloads and 0 < self._local_allowance:
+        payload = self._pending_payloads.pop(0)
+        self._local_allowance -= 1
+        action = True
+      if not self._pending_payloads and self._pending_completion is not None:
+        completion = self._pending_completion
+        self._pending_completion = None
+        action = True
+      if self._remote_allowance is not None and 0 < self._remote_allowance:
+        allowance = self._remote_allowance
+        self._remote_allowance = 0
+        action = True
+      return initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance, bool(action)
+
+  def _operator_process(
+      self, wrapped_operator, initial_metadata, payload,
+      completion, allowance):
+    while True:
+      advance_outcome = callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+          wrapped_operator, _INGESTION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE,
+          initial_metadata=initial_metadata, payload=payload,
+          completion=completion, allowance=allowance)
+      if advance_outcome.exception is None:
+        if advance_outcome.return_value:
+          with self._lock:
+            if self._termination_manager.outcome is not None:
+              return
+            if completion is not None:
+              self._termination_manager.ingestion_complete()
+            initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance, moar = (
+                self._operator_next())
+            if not moar:
+              self._processing = False
+              return
+        else:
+          with self._lock:
+            if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+              self._abort_and_notify(base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE, None, None)
+            return
+      else:
+        with self._lock:
+          if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+            self._abort_and_notify(base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE, None, None)
+          return
+
+  def _operator_post_create(self, subscription):
+    wrapped_operator = _wrap(subscription.operator.advance)
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._termination_manager.outcome is not None:
+        return
+      self._wrapped_operator = wrapped_operator
+      self._subscription_creator = None
+      metadata, payload, completion, allowance, moar = self._operator_next()
+      if not moar:
+        self._processing = False
+        return
+    self._operator_process(
+        wrapped_operator, metadata, payload, completion, allowance)
+
+  def _create(self, subscription_creator, group, name):
+    outcome = callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+        subscription_creator.create,
+        _CREATE_SUBSCRIPTION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE, group, name)
+    if outcome.return_value is None:
+      with self._lock:
+        if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+          self._abort_and_notify(base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE, None, None)
+    elif outcome.return_value.kind is _SubscriptionCreation.Kind.ABANDONED:
+      with self._lock:
+        if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+          self._abort_and_notify(base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE, None, None)
+    elif outcome.return_value.kind is _SubscriptionCreation.Kind.REMOTE_ERROR:
+      code = outcome.return_value.code
+      message = outcome.return_value.message
+      with self._lock:
+        if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+          self._abort_and_notify(base.Outcome.REMOTE_FAILURE, code, message)
+    elif outcome.return_value.subscription.kind is base.Subscription.Kind.FULL:
+      self._operator_post_create(outcome.return_value.subscription)
+    else:
+      # TODO(nathaniel): Support other subscriptions.
+      raise ValueError(
+          'Unsupported "%s"!' % outcome.return_value.subscription.kind)
+
+  def _store_advance(self, initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance):
+    if initial_metadata is not None:
+      self._pending_initial_metadata = initial_metadata
+    if payload is not None:
+      self._pending_payloads.append(payload)
+    if completion is not None:
+      self._pending_completion = completion
+    if allowance is not None and self._remote_allowance is not None:
+      self._remote_allowance += allowance
+
+  def _operator_advance(self, initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance):
+    if self._processing:
+      self._store_advance(initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance)
+    else:
+      action = False
+      if initial_metadata is not None:
+        action = True
+      if payload is not None:
+        if 0 < self._local_allowance:
+          self._local_allowance -= 1
+          action = True
+        else:
+          self._pending_payloads.append(payload)
+          payload = False
+      if completion is not None:
+        if self._pending_payloads:
+          self._pending_completion = completion
+        else:
+          action = True
+      if allowance is not None and self._remote_allowance is not None:
+        allowance += self._remote_allowance
+        self._remote_allowance = 0
+        action = True
+      if action:
+        self._pool.submit(
+            callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+                self._operator_process, _constants.INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE),
+            self._wrapped_operator, initial_metadata, payload, completion,
+            allowance)
+
+  def set_group_and_method(self, group, method):
+    """See _interfaces.IngestionManager.set_group_and_method for spec."""
+    if self._subscription_creator is not None and not self._processing:
+      self._pool.submit(
+          callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+              self._create, _constants.INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE),
+          self._subscription_creator, group, method)
+      self._processing = True
+
+  def add_local_allowance(self, allowance):
+    """See _interfaces.IngestionManager.add_local_allowance for spec."""
+    if any((self._subscription_creator, self._wrapped_operator,)):
+      self._local_allowance += allowance
+      if not self._processing:
+        initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance, moar = (
+            self._operator_next())
+        if moar:
+          self._pool.submit(
+              callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+                  self._operator_process,
+                  _constants.INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE),
+              initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance)
+
+  def local_emissions_done(self):
+    self._remote_allowance = None
+
+  def advance(self, initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance):
+    """See _interfaces.IngestionManager.advance for specification."""
+    if self._subscription_creator is not None:
+      self._store_advance(initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance)
+    elif self._wrapped_operator is not None:
+      self._operator_advance(initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance)
+
+
+def invocation_ingestion_manager(
+    subscription, lock, pool, termination_manager, transmission_manager,
+    expiration_manager):
+  """Creates an IngestionManager appropriate for invocation-side use.
+
+  Args:
+    subscription: A base.Subscription indicating the customer's interest in the
+      data and results from the service-side of the operation.
+    lock: The operation-wide lock.
+    pool: A thread pool in which to execute customer code.
+    termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+    transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+      operation.
+    expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager for the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An IngestionManager appropriate for invocation-side use.
+  """
+  return _IngestionManager(
+      lock, pool, subscription, None, termination_manager, transmission_manager,
+      expiration_manager)
+
+
+def service_ingestion_manager(
+    servicer, operation_context, output_operator, lock, pool,
+    termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager):
+  """Creates an IngestionManager appropriate for service-side use.
+
+  The returned IngestionManager will require its set_group_and_name method to be
+  called before its advance method may be called.
+
+  Args:
+    servicer: A base.Servicer for servicing the operation.
+    operation_context: A base.OperationContext for the operation to be passed to
+      the customer.
+    output_operator: A base.Operator for the operation to be passed to the
+      customer and to be called by the customer to accept operation data output
+      by the customer.
+    lock: The operation-wide lock.
+    pool: A thread pool in which to execute customer code.
+    termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+    transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+      operation.
+    expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager for the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An IngestionManager appropriate for service-side use.
+  """
+  subscription_creator = _ServiceSubscriptionCreator(
+      servicer, operation_context, output_operator)
+  return _IngestionManager(
+      lock, pool, None, subscription_creator, termination_manager,
+      transmission_manager, expiration_manager)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_interfaces.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_interfaces.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..deb5f34f9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_interfaces.py
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Package-internal interfaces."""
+
+import abc
+
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+
+
+class TerminationManager(object):
+  """An object responsible for handling the termination of an operation.
+
+  Attributes:
+    outcome: None if the operation is active or a base.Outcome value if it has
+      terminated.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def add_callback(self, callback):
+    """Registers a callback to be called on operation termination.
+
+    If the operation has already terminated the callback will not be called.
+
+    Args:
+      callback: A callable that will be passed an interfaces.Outcome value.
+
+    Returns:
+      None if the operation has not yet terminated and the passed callback will
+        be called when it does, or a base.Outcome value describing the operation
+        termination if the operation has terminated and the callback will not be
+        called as a result of this method call.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def emission_complete(self):
+    """Indicates that emissions from customer code have completed."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def transmission_complete(self):
+    """Indicates that transmissions to the remote end are complete.
+
+    Returns:
+      True if the operation has terminated or False if the operation remains
+        ongoing.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def reception_complete(self):
+    """Indicates that reception from the other side is complete."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def ingestion_complete(self):
+    """Indicates that customer code ingestion of received values is complete."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def expire(self):
+    """Indicates that the operation must abort because it has taken too long."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def abort(self, outcome):
+    """Indicates that the operation must abort for the indicated reason.
+
+    Args:
+      outcome: An interfaces.Outcome indicating operation abortion.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class TransmissionManager(object):
+  """A manager responsible for transmitting to the other end of an operation."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def kick_off(
+      self, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, completion,
+      allowance):
+    """Transmits the values associated with operation invocation."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def advance(self, initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance):
+    """Accepts values for transmission to the other end of the operation.
+
+    Args:
+      initial_metadata: An initial metadata value to be transmitted to the other
+        side of the operation. May only ever be non-None once.
+      payload: A payload value.
+      completion: A base.Completion value. May only ever be non-None in the last
+        transmission to be made to the other side.
+      allowance: A positive integer communicating the number of additional
+        payloads allowed to be transmitted from the other side to this side of
+        the operation, or None if no additional allowance is being granted in
+        this call.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def timeout(self, timeout):
+    """Accepts for transmission to the other side a new timeout value.
+
+    Args:
+      timeout: A positive float used as the new timeout value for the operation
+        to be transmitted to the other side.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def allowance(self, allowance):
+    """Indicates to this manager that the remote customer is allowing payloads.
+
+    Args:
+      allowance: A positive integer indicating the number of additional payloads
+        the remote customer is allowing to be transmitted from this side of the
+        operation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def remote_complete(self):
+    """Indicates to this manager that data from the remote side is complete."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def abort(self, outcome, code, message):
+    """Indicates that the operation has aborted.
+
+    Args:
+      outcome: An interfaces.Outcome for the operation. If None, indicates that
+        the operation abortion should not be communicated to the other side of
+        the operation.
+      code: A code value to communicate to the other side of the operation
+        along with indication of operation abortion. May be None, and has no
+        effect if outcome is None.
+      message: A message value to communicate to the other side of the
+        operation along with indication of operation abortion. May be None, and
+        has no effect if outcome is None.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class ExpirationManager(object):
+  """A manager responsible for aborting the operation if it runs out of time."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def change_timeout(self, timeout):
+    """Changes the timeout allotted for the operation.
+
+    Operation duration is always measure from the beginning of the operation;
+    calling this method changes the operation's allotted time to timeout total
+    seconds, not timeout seconds from the time of this method call.
+
+    Args:
+      timeout: A length of time in seconds to allow for the operation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def deadline(self):
+    """Returns the time until which the operation is allowed to run.
+
+    Returns:
+      The time (seconds since the epoch) at which the operation will expire.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def terminate(self):
+    """Indicates to this manager that the operation has terminated."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class EmissionManager(base.Operator):
+  """A manager of values emitted by customer code."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def advance(
+      self, initial_metadata=None, payload=None, completion=None,
+      allowance=None):
+    """Accepts a value emitted by customer code.
+
+    This method should only be called by customer code.
+
+    Args:
+      initial_metadata: An initial metadata value emitted by the local customer
+        to be sent to the other side of the operation.
+      payload: A payload value emitted by the local customer to be sent to the
+        other side of the operation.
+      completion: A Completion value emitted by the local customer to be sent to
+        the other side of the operation.
+      allowance: A positive integer indicating an additional number of payloads
+        that the local customer is willing to accept from the other side of the
+        operation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class IngestionManager(object):
+  """A manager responsible for executing customer code.
+
+  This name of this manager comes from its responsibility to pass successive
+  values from the other side of the operation into the code of the local
+  customer.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def set_group_and_method(self, group, method):
+    """Communicates to this IngestionManager the operation group and method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the operation.
+      method: The method identifier of the operation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def add_local_allowance(self, allowance):
+    """Communicates to this IngestionManager that more payloads may be ingested.
+
+    Args:
+      allowance: A positive integer indicating an additional number of payloads
+        that the local customer is willing to ingest.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def local_emissions_done(self):
+    """Indicates to this manager that local emissions are done."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def advance(self, initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance):
+    """Advances the operation by passing values to the local customer."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class ReceptionManager(object):
+  """A manager responsible for receiving tickets from the other end."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def receive_ticket(self, ticket):
+    """Handle a ticket from the other side of the operation.
+
+    Args:
+      ticket: An interfaces.BackToFrontTicket or interfaces.FrontToBackTicket
+        appropriate to this end of the operation and this object.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class Operation(object):
+  """An ongoing operation.
+
+  Attributes:
+    context: A base.OperationContext object for the operation.
+    operator: A base.Operator object for the operation for use by the customer
+      of the operation.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def handle_ticket(self, ticket):
+    """Handle a ticket from the other side of the operation.
+
+    Args:
+      ticket: A links.Ticket from the other side of the operation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def abort(self, outcome):
+    """Aborts the operation.
+
+    Args:
+      outcome: A base.Outcome value indicating operation abortion.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_operation.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_operation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc873c03f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_operation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Implementation of operations."""
+
+import threading
+
+# _utilities is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.core import _context
+from grpc.framework.core import _emission
+from grpc.framework.core import _expiration
+from grpc.framework.core import _ingestion
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.core import _reception
+from grpc.framework.core import _termination
+from grpc.framework.core import _transmission
+from grpc.framework.core import _utilities  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+class _EasyOperation(_interfaces.Operation):
+  """A trivial implementation of interfaces.Operation."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager,
+      context, operator, reception_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      lock: The operation-wide lock.
+      termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager for the operation.
+      transmission_manager: The _interfaces.TransmissionManager for the
+        operation.
+      expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager for the operation.
+      context: A base.OperationContext for use by the customer during the
+        operation.
+      operator: A base.Operator for use by the customer during the operation.
+      reception_manager: The _interfaces.ReceptionManager for the operation.
+    """
+    self._lock = lock
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._transmission_manager = transmission_manager
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+    self._reception_manager = reception_manager
+
+    self.context = context
+    self.operator = operator
+
+  def handle_ticket(self, ticket):
+    with self._lock:
+      self._reception_manager.receive_ticket(ticket)
+
+  def abort(self, outcome):
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+        self._termination_manager.abort(outcome)
+        self._transmission_manager.abort(outcome, None, None)
+        self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+
+
+def invocation_operate(
+    operation_id, group, method, subscription, timeout, initial_metadata,
+    payload, completion, ticket_sink, termination_action, pool):
+  """Constructs objects necessary for front-side operation management.
+
+  Args:
+    operation_id: An object identifying the operation.
+    group: The group identifier of the operation.
+    method: The method identifier of the operation.
+    subscription: A base.Subscription describing the customer's interest in the
+      results of the operation.
+    timeout: A length of time in seconds to allow for the operation.
+    initial_metadata: An initial metadata value to be sent to the other side of
+      the operation. May be None if the initial metadata will be passed later or
+      if there will be no initial metadata passed at all.
+    payload: The first payload value to be transmitted to the other side. May be
+      None if there is no such value or if the customer chose not to pass it at
+      operation invocation.
+    completion: A base.Completion value indicating the end of values passed to
+      the other side of the operation.
+    ticket_sink: A callable that accepts links.Tickets and delivers them to the
+      other side of the operation.
+    termination_action: A callable that accepts the outcome of the operation as
+      a base.Outcome value to be called on operation completion.
+    pool: A thread pool with which to do the work of the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An _interfaces.Operation for the operation.
+  """
+  lock = threading.Lock()
+  with lock:
+    termination_manager = _termination.invocation_termination_manager(
+        termination_action, pool)
+    transmission_manager = _transmission.TransmissionManager(
+        operation_id, ticket_sink, lock, pool, termination_manager)
+    expiration_manager = _expiration.invocation_expiration_manager(
+        timeout, lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager)
+    operation_context = _context.OperationContext(
+        lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager)
+    emission_manager = _emission.EmissionManager(
+        lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager)
+    ingestion_manager = _ingestion.invocation_ingestion_manager(
+        subscription, lock, pool, termination_manager, transmission_manager,
+        expiration_manager)
+    reception_manager = _reception.ReceptionManager(
+        termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager,
+        ingestion_manager)
+
+    termination_manager.set_expiration_manager(expiration_manager)
+    transmission_manager.set_expiration_manager(expiration_manager)
+    emission_manager.set_ingestion_manager(ingestion_manager)
+
+    transmission_manager.kick_off(
+        group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, completion, None)
+
+  return _EasyOperation(
+      lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager,
+      operation_context, emission_manager, reception_manager)
+
+
+def service_operate(
+    servicer_package, ticket, ticket_sink, termination_action, pool):
+  """Constructs an Operation for service of an operation.
+
+  Args:
+    servicer_package: A _utilities.ServicerPackage to be used servicing the
+      operation.
+    ticket: The first links.Ticket received for the operation.
+    ticket_sink: A callable that accepts links.Tickets and delivers them to the
+      other side of the operation.
+    termination_action: A callable that accepts the outcome of the operation as
+      a base.Outcome value to be called on operation completion.
+    pool: A thread pool with which to do the work of the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An _interfaces.Operation for the operation.
+  """
+  lock = threading.Lock()
+  with lock:
+    termination_manager = _termination.service_termination_manager(
+        termination_action, pool)
+    transmission_manager = _transmission.TransmissionManager(
+        ticket.operation_id, ticket_sink, lock, pool, termination_manager)
+    expiration_manager = _expiration.service_expiration_manager(
+        ticket.timeout, servicer_package.default_timeout,
+        servicer_package.maximum_timeout, lock, termination_manager,
+        transmission_manager)
+    operation_context = _context.OperationContext(
+        lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager)
+    emission_manager = _emission.EmissionManager(
+        lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager)
+    ingestion_manager = _ingestion.service_ingestion_manager(
+        servicer_package.servicer, operation_context, emission_manager, lock,
+        pool, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager)
+    reception_manager = _reception.ReceptionManager(
+        termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager,
+        ingestion_manager)
+
+    termination_manager.set_expiration_manager(expiration_manager)
+    transmission_manager.set_expiration_manager(expiration_manager)
+    emission_manager.set_ingestion_manager(ingestion_manager)
+
+    reception_manager.receive_ticket(ticket)
+
+  return _EasyOperation(
+      lock, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager,
+      operation_context, emission_manager, reception_manager)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_reception.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_reception.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1cebe3874b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_reception.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for ticket reception."""
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import utilities
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links
+
+_REMOTE_TICKET_TERMINATION_TO_LOCAL_OUTCOME = {
+    links.Ticket.Termination.CANCELLATION: base.Outcome.CANCELLED,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.EXPIRATION: base.Outcome.EXPIRED,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.SHUTDOWN: base.Outcome.REMOTE_SHUTDOWN,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.RECEPTION_FAILURE: base.Outcome.RECEPTION_FAILURE,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE:
+        base.Outcome.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.LOCAL_FAILURE: base.Outcome.REMOTE_FAILURE,
+    links.Ticket.Termination.REMOTE_FAILURE: base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE,
+}
+
+
+class ReceptionManager(_interfaces.ReceptionManager):
+  """A ReceptionManager based around a _Receiver passed to it."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, termination_manager, transmission_manager, expiration_manager,
+      ingestion_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      termination_manager: The operation's _interfaces.TerminationManager.
+      transmission_manager: The operation's _interfaces.TransmissionManager.
+      expiration_manager: The operation's _interfaces.ExpirationManager.
+      ingestion_manager: The operation's _interfaces.IngestionManager.
+    """
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._transmission_manager = transmission_manager
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+    self._ingestion_manager = ingestion_manager
+
+    self._lowest_unseen_sequence_number = 0
+    self._out_of_sequence_tickets = {}
+    self._aborted = False
+
+  def _abort(self, outcome):
+    self._aborted = True
+    if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+      self._termination_manager.abort(outcome)
+      self._transmission_manager.abort(None, None, None)
+      self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+
+  def _sequence_failure(self, ticket):
+    """Determines a just-arrived ticket's sequential legitimacy.
+
+    Args:
+      ticket: A just-arrived ticket.
+
+    Returns:
+      True if the ticket is sequentially legitimate; False otherwise.
+    """
+    if ticket.sequence_number < self._lowest_unseen_sequence_number:
+      return True
+    elif ticket.sequence_number in self._out_of_sequence_tickets:
+      return True
+    else:
+      return False
+
+  def _process_one(self, ticket):
+    if ticket.sequence_number == 0:
+      self._ingestion_manager.set_group_and_method(ticket.group, ticket.method)
+    if ticket.timeout is not None:
+      self._expiration_manager.change_timeout(ticket.timeout)
+    if ticket.termination is None:
+      completion = None
+    else:
+      completion = utilities.completion(
+          ticket.terminal_metadata, ticket.code, ticket.message)
+    self._ingestion_manager.advance(
+        ticket.initial_metadata, ticket.payload, completion, ticket.allowance)
+    if ticket.allowance is not None:
+      self._transmission_manager.allowance(ticket.allowance)
+
+  def _process(self, ticket):
+    """Process those tickets ready to be processed.
+
+    Args:
+      ticket: A just-arrived ticket the sequence number of which matches this
+        _ReceptionManager's _lowest_unseen_sequence_number field.
+    """
+    while True:
+      self._process_one(ticket)
+      next_ticket = self._out_of_sequence_tickets.pop(
+          ticket.sequence_number + 1, None)
+      if next_ticket is None:
+        self._lowest_unseen_sequence_number = ticket.sequence_number + 1
+        return
+      else:
+        ticket = next_ticket
+
+  def receive_ticket(self, ticket):
+    """See _interfaces.ReceptionManager.receive_ticket for specification."""
+    if self._aborted:
+      return
+    elif self._sequence_failure(ticket):
+      self._abort(base.Outcome.RECEPTION_FAILURE)
+    elif ticket.termination not in (None, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION):
+      outcome = _REMOTE_TICKET_TERMINATION_TO_LOCAL_OUTCOME[ticket.termination]
+      self._abort(outcome)
+    elif ticket.sequence_number == self._lowest_unseen_sequence_number:
+      self._process(ticket)
+    else:
+      self._out_of_sequence_tickets[ticket.sequence_number] = ticket
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_termination.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_termination.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad9f6123d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_termination.py
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for operation termination."""
+
+import abc
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _constants
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+
+
+def _invocation_completion_predicate(
+    unused_emission_complete, unused_transmission_complete,
+    unused_reception_complete, ingestion_complete):
+  return ingestion_complete
+
+
+def _service_completion_predicate(
+    unused_emission_complete, transmission_complete, unused_reception_complete,
+    unused_ingestion_complete):
+  return transmission_complete
+
+
+class TerminationManager(_interfaces.TerminationManager):
+  """A _interfaces.TransmissionManager on which another manager may be set."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def set_expiration_manager(self, expiration_manager):
+    """Sets the expiration manager with which this manager will interact.
+
+    Args:
+      expiration_manager: The _interfaces.ExpirationManager associated with the
+        current operation.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class _TerminationManager(TerminationManager):
+  """An implementation of TerminationManager."""
+
+  def __init__(self, predicate, action, pool):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      predicate: One of _invocation_completion_predicate or
+        _service_completion_predicate to be used to determine when the operation
+        has completed.
+      action: A behavior to pass the operation outcome on operation termination.
+      pool: A thread pool.
+    """
+    self._predicate = predicate
+    self._action = action
+    self._pool = pool
+    self._expiration_manager = None
+
+    self.outcome = None
+    self._callbacks = []
+
+    self._emission_complete = False
+    self._transmission_complete = False
+    self._reception_complete = False
+    self._ingestion_complete = False
+
+  def set_expiration_manager(self, expiration_manager):
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+
+  def _terminate_internal_only(self, outcome):
+    """Terminates the operation.
+
+    Args:
+      outcome: A base.Outcome describing the outcome of the operation.
+    """
+    self.outcome = outcome
+    callbacks = list(self._callbacks)
+    self._callbacks = None
+
+    act = callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+        self._action, _constants.INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE)
+
+    if outcome is base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE:
+      self._pool.submit(act, outcome)
+    else:
+      def call_callbacks_and_act(callbacks, outcome):
+        for callback in callbacks:
+          callback_outcome = callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+              callback, _constants.TERMINATION_CALLBACK_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE,
+              outcome)
+          if callback_outcome.exception is not None:
+            outcome = base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE
+            break
+        act(outcome)
+
+      self._pool.submit(
+          callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+              call_callbacks_and_act, _constants.INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE),
+          callbacks, outcome)
+
+  def _terminate_and_notify(self, outcome):
+    self._terminate_internal_only(outcome)
+    self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+
+  def _perhaps_complete(self):
+    if self._predicate(
+        self._emission_complete, self._transmission_complete,
+        self._reception_complete, self._ingestion_complete):
+      self._terminate_and_notify(base.Outcome.COMPLETED)
+      return True
+    else:
+      return False
+
+  def is_active(self):
+    """See _interfaces.TerminationManager.is_active for specification."""
+    return self.outcome is None
+
+  def add_callback(self, callback):
+    """See _interfaces.TerminationManager.add_callback for specification."""
+    if self.outcome is None:
+      self._callbacks.append(callback)
+      return None
+    else:
+      return self.outcome
+
+  def emission_complete(self):
+    """See superclass method for specification."""
+    if self.outcome is None:
+      self._emission_complete = True
+      self._perhaps_complete()
+
+  def transmission_complete(self):
+    """See superclass method for specification."""
+    if self.outcome is None:
+      self._transmission_complete = True
+      return self._perhaps_complete()
+    else:
+      return False
+
+  def reception_complete(self):
+    """See superclass method for specification."""
+    if self.outcome is None:
+      self._reception_complete = True
+      self._perhaps_complete()
+
+  def ingestion_complete(self):
+    """See superclass method for specification."""
+    if self.outcome is None:
+      self._ingestion_complete = True
+      self._perhaps_complete()
+
+  def expire(self):
+    """See _interfaces.TerminationManager.expire for specification."""
+    self._terminate_internal_only(base.Outcome.EXPIRED)
+
+  def abort(self, outcome):
+    """See _interfaces.TerminationManager.abort for specification."""
+    self._terminate_and_notify(outcome)
+
+
+def invocation_termination_manager(action, pool):
+  """Creates a TerminationManager appropriate for invocation-side use.
+
+  Args:
+    action: An action to call on operation termination.
+    pool: A thread pool in which to execute the passed action and any
+      termination callbacks that are registered during the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    A TerminationManager appropriate for invocation-side use.
+  """
+  return _TerminationManager(_invocation_completion_predicate, action, pool)
+
+
+def service_termination_manager(action, pool):
+  """Creates a TerminationManager appropriate for service-side use.
+
+  Args:
+    action: An action to call on operation termination.
+    pool: A thread pool in which to execute the passed action and any
+      termination callbacks that are registered during the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    A TerminationManager appropriate for service-side use.
+  """
+  return _TerminationManager(_service_completion_predicate, action, pool)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_transmission.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_transmission.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efef87dd4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_transmission.py
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for ticket transmission during an operation."""
+
+from grpc.framework.core import _constants
+from grpc.framework.core import _interfaces
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links
+
+_TRANSMISSION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = 'Exception during transmission!'
+
+
+def _explode_completion(completion):
+  if completion is None:
+    return None, None, None, None
+  else:
+    return (
+        completion.terminal_metadata, completion.code, completion.message,
+        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+
+
+class TransmissionManager(_interfaces.TransmissionManager):
+  """An _interfaces.TransmissionManager that sends links.Tickets."""
+
+  def __init__(
+      self, operation_id, ticket_sink, lock, pool, termination_manager):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      operation_id: The operation's ID.
+      ticket_sink: A callable that accepts tickets and sends them to the other
+        side of the operation.
+      lock: The operation-servicing-wide lock object.
+      pool: A thread pool in which the work of transmitting tickets will be
+        performed.
+      termination_manager: The _interfaces.TerminationManager associated with
+        this operation.
+    """
+    self._lock = lock
+    self._pool = pool
+    self._ticket_sink = ticket_sink
+    self._operation_id = operation_id
+    self._termination_manager = termination_manager
+    self._expiration_manager = None
+
+    self._lowest_unused_sequence_number = 0
+    self._remote_allowance = 1
+    self._remote_complete = False
+    self._timeout = None
+    self._local_allowance = 0
+    self._initial_metadata = None
+    self._payloads = []
+    self._completion = None
+    self._aborted = False
+    self._abortion_outcome = None
+    self._transmitting = False
+
+  def set_expiration_manager(self, expiration_manager):
+    """Sets the ExpirationManager with which this manager will cooperate."""
+    self._expiration_manager = expiration_manager
+
+  def _next_ticket(self):
+    """Creates the next ticket to be transmitted.
+
+    Returns:
+      A links.Ticket to be sent to the other side of the operation or None if
+        there is nothing to be sent at this time.
+    """
+    if self._aborted:
+      if self._abortion_outcome is None:
+        return None
+      else:
+        termination = _constants.ABORTION_OUTCOME_TO_TICKET_TERMINATION[
+            self._abortion_outcome]
+        if termination is None:
+          return None
+        else:
+          self._abortion_outcome = None
+          if self._completion is None:
+            code, message = None, None
+          else:
+            code, message = self._completion.code, self._completion.message
+          return links.Ticket(
+              self._operation_id, self._lowest_unused_sequence_number, None,
+              None, None, None, None, None, None, None, code, message,
+              termination, None)
+
+    action = False
+    # TODO(nathaniel): Support other subscriptions.
+    local_subscription = links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL
+    timeout = self._timeout
+    if timeout is not None:
+      self._timeout = None
+      action = True
+    if self._local_allowance <= 0:
+      allowance = None
+    else:
+      allowance = self._local_allowance
+      self._local_allowance = 0
+      action = True
+    initial_metadata = self._initial_metadata
+    if initial_metadata is not None:
+      self._initial_metadata = None
+      action = True
+    if not self._payloads or self._remote_allowance <= 0:
+      payload = None
+    else:
+      payload = self._payloads.pop(0)
+      self._remote_allowance -= 1
+      action = True
+    if self._completion is None or self._payloads:
+      terminal_metadata, code, message, termination = None, None, None, None
+    else:
+      terminal_metadata, code, message, termination = _explode_completion(
+          self._completion)
+      self._completion = None
+      action = True
+
+    if action:
+      ticket = links.Ticket(
+          self._operation_id, self._lowest_unused_sequence_number, None, None,
+          local_subscription, timeout, allowance, initial_metadata, payload,
+          terminal_metadata, code, message, termination, None)
+      self._lowest_unused_sequence_number += 1
+      return ticket
+    else:
+      return None
+
+  def _transmit(self, ticket):
+    """Commences the transmission loop sending tickets.
+
+    Args:
+      ticket: A links.Ticket to be sent to the other side of the operation.
+    """
+    def transmit(ticket):
+      while True:
+        transmission_outcome = callable_util.call_logging_exceptions(
+            self._ticket_sink, _TRANSMISSION_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE, ticket)
+        if transmission_outcome.exception is None:
+          with self._lock:
+            if ticket.termination is links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION:
+              self._termination_manager.transmission_complete()
+            ticket = self._next_ticket()
+            if ticket is None:
+              self._transmitting = False
+              return
+        else:
+          with self._lock:
+            if self._termination_manager.outcome is None:
+              self._termination_manager.abort(base.Outcome.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE)
+              self._expiration_manager.terminate()
+            return
+
+    self._pool.submit(callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+        transmit, _constants.INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE), ticket)
+    self._transmitting = True
+
+  def kick_off(
+      self, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, completion,
+      allowance):
+    """See _interfaces.TransmissionManager.kickoff for specification."""
+    # TODO(nathaniel): Support other subscriptions.
+    subscription = links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL
+    terminal_metadata, code, message, termination = _explode_completion(
+        completion)
+    self._remote_allowance = 1 if payload is None else 0
+    ticket = links.Ticket(
+        self._operation_id, 0, group, method, subscription, timeout, allowance,
+        initial_metadata, payload, terminal_metadata, code, message,
+        termination, None)
+    self._lowest_unused_sequence_number = 1
+    self._transmit(ticket)
+
+  def advance(self, initial_metadata, payload, completion, allowance):
+    """See _interfaces.TransmissionManager.advance for specification."""
+    effective_initial_metadata = initial_metadata
+    effective_payload = payload
+    effective_completion = completion
+    if allowance is not None and not self._remote_complete:
+      effective_allowance = allowance
+    else:
+      effective_allowance = None
+    if self._transmitting:
+      if effective_initial_metadata is not None:
+        self._initial_metadata = effective_initial_metadata
+      if effective_payload is not None:
+        self._payloads.append(effective_payload)
+      if effective_completion is not None:
+        self._completion = effective_completion
+      if effective_allowance is not None:
+        self._local_allowance += effective_allowance
+    else:
+      if effective_payload is not None:
+        if 0 < self._remote_allowance:
+          ticket_payload = effective_payload
+          self._remote_allowance -= 1
+        else:
+          self._payloads.append(effective_payload)
+          ticket_payload = None
+      else:
+        ticket_payload = None
+      if effective_completion is not None and not self._payloads:
+        ticket_completion = effective_completion
+      else:
+        self._completion = effective_completion
+        ticket_completion = None
+      if any(
+          (effective_initial_metadata, ticket_payload, ticket_completion,
+           effective_allowance)):
+        terminal_metadata, code, message, termination = _explode_completion(
+            completion)
+        ticket = links.Ticket(
+            self._operation_id, self._lowest_unused_sequence_number, None, None,
+            None, None, allowance, effective_initial_metadata, ticket_payload,
+            terminal_metadata, code, message, termination, None)
+        self._lowest_unused_sequence_number += 1
+        self._transmit(ticket)
+
+  def timeout(self, timeout):
+    """See _interfaces.TransmissionManager.timeout for specification."""
+    if self._transmitting:
+      self._timeout = timeout
+    else:
+      ticket = links.Ticket(
+          self._operation_id, self._lowest_unused_sequence_number, None, None,
+          None, timeout, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None)
+      self._lowest_unused_sequence_number += 1
+      self._transmit(ticket)
+
+  def allowance(self, allowance):
+    """See _interfaces.TransmissionManager.allowance for specification."""
+    if self._transmitting or not self._payloads:
+      self._remote_allowance += allowance
+    else:
+      self._remote_allowance += allowance - 1
+      payload = self._payloads.pop(0)
+      if self._payloads:
+        completion = None
+      else:
+        completion = self._completion
+        self._completion = None
+      terminal_metadata, code, message, termination = _explode_completion(
+          completion)
+      ticket = links.Ticket(
+          self._operation_id, self._lowest_unused_sequence_number, None, None,
+          None, None, None, None, payload, terminal_metadata, code, message,
+          termination, None)
+      self._lowest_unused_sequence_number += 1
+      self._transmit(ticket)
+
+  def remote_complete(self):
+    """See _interfaces.TransmissionManager.remote_complete for specification."""
+    self._remote_complete = True
+    self._local_allowance = 0
+
+  def abort(self, outcome, code, message):
+    """See _interfaces.TransmissionManager.abort for specification."""
+    if self._transmitting:
+      self._aborted, self._abortion_outcome = True, outcome
+    else:
+      self._aborted = True
+      if outcome is not None:
+        termination = _constants.ABORTION_OUTCOME_TO_TICKET_TERMINATION[
+            outcome]
+        if termination is not None:
+          if self._completion is None:
+            code, message = None, None
+          else:
+            code, message = self._completion.code, self._completion.message
+          ticket = links.Ticket(
+              self._operation_id, self._lowest_unused_sequence_number, None,
+              None, None, None, None, None, None, None, code, message,
+              termination, None)
+          self._transmit(ticket)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_utilities.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_utilities.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b0d798751
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/_utilities.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Package-internal utilities."""
+
+import collections
+
+
+class ServicerPackage(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        'ServicerPackage', ('servicer', 'default_timeout', 'maximum_timeout'))):
+  """A trivial bundle class.
+
+  Attributes:
+    servicer: A base.Servicer.
+    default_timeout: A float indicating the length of time in seconds to allow
+      for an operation invoked without a timeout.
+    maximum_timeout: A float indicating the maximum length of time in seconds to
+      allow for an operation.
+  """
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/implementations.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/implementations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..364a7faed4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/core/implementations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Entry points into the ticket-exchange-based base layer implementation."""
+
+# base and links are referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.core import _end
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+def invocation_end_link():
+  """Creates a base.End-links.Link suitable for operation invocation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An object that is both a base.End and a links.Link, that supports operation
+      invocation, and that translates operation invocation into ticket exchange.
+  """
+  return _end.serviceless_end_link()
+
+
+def service_end_link(servicer, default_timeout, maximum_timeout):
+  """Creates a base.End-links.Link suitable for operation service.
+
+  Args:
+    servicer: A base.Servicer for servicing operations.
+    default_timeout: A length of time in seconds to be used as the default
+      time alloted for a single operation.
+    maximum_timeout: A length of time in seconds to be used as the maximum
+      time alloted for a single operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    An object that is both a base.End and a links.Link and that services
+      operations that arrive at it through ticket exchange.
+  """
+  return _end.serviceful_end_link(servicer, default_timeout, maximum_timeout)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7086519106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_calls.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_calls.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f9077bedfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_calls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Utility functions for invoking RPCs."""
+
+from grpc.framework.crust import _control
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import utilities
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+
+_ITERATOR_EXCEPTION_LOG_MESSAGE = 'Exception iterating over requests!'
+
+_EMPTY_COMPLETION = utilities.completion(None, None, None)
+
+
+def _invoke(end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, complete):
+  rendezvous = _control.Rendezvous(None, None)
+  operation_context, operator = end.operate(
+      group, method, utilities.full_subscription(rendezvous), timeout,
+      initial_metadata=initial_metadata, payload=payload,
+      completion=_EMPTY_COMPLETION if complete else None)
+  rendezvous.set_operator_and_context(operator, operation_context)
+  outcome = operation_context.add_termination_callback(rendezvous.set_outcome)
+  if outcome is not None:
+    rendezvous.set_outcome(outcome)
+  return rendezvous, operation_context, outcome
+
+
+def _event_return_unary(
+    receiver, abortion_callback, rendezvous, operation_context, outcome, pool):
+  if outcome is None:
+    def in_pool():
+      abortion = rendezvous.add_abortion_callback(abortion_callback)
+      if abortion is None:
+        try:
+          receiver.initial_metadata(rendezvous.initial_metadata())
+          receiver.response(next(rendezvous))
+          receiver.complete(
+              rendezvous.terminal_metadata(), rendezvous.code(),
+              rendezvous.details())
+        except face.AbortionError:
+          pass
+      else:
+        abortion_callback(abortion)
+    pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context))
+  return rendezvous
+
+
+def _event_return_stream(
+    receiver, abortion_callback, rendezvous, operation_context, outcome, pool):
+  if outcome is None:
+    def in_pool():
+      abortion = rendezvous.add_abortion_callback(abortion_callback)
+      if abortion is None:
+        try:
+          receiver.initial_metadata(rendezvous.initial_metadata())
+          for response in rendezvous:
+            receiver.response(response)
+          receiver.complete(
+              rendezvous.terminal_metadata(), rendezvous.code(),
+              rendezvous.details())
+        except face.AbortionError:
+          pass
+      else:
+        abortion_callback(abortion)
+    pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context))
+  return rendezvous
+
+
+def blocking_unary_unary(
+    end, group, method, timeout, with_call, initial_metadata, payload):
+  """Services in a blocking fashion a unary-unary servicer method."""
+  rendezvous, unused_operation_context, unused_outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, True)
+  if with_call:
+    return next(rendezvous, rendezvous)
+  else:
+    return next(rendezvous)
+
+
+def future_unary_unary(end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload):
+  """Services a value-in value-out servicer method by returning a Future."""
+  rendezvous, unused_operation_context, unused_outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, True)
+  return rendezvous
+
+
+def inline_unary_stream(end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload):
+  """Services a value-in stream-out servicer method."""
+  rendezvous, unused_operation_context, unused_outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, True)
+  return rendezvous
+
+
+def blocking_stream_unary(
+    end, group, method, timeout, with_call, initial_metadata, payload_iterator,
+    pool):
+  """Services in a blocking fashion a stream-in value-out servicer method."""
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, None, False)
+  if outcome is None:
+    def in_pool():
+      for payload in payload_iterator:
+        rendezvous.consume(payload)
+      rendezvous.terminate()
+    pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context))
+    if with_call:
+      return next(rendezvous), rendezvous
+    else:
+      return next(rendezvous)
+  else:
+    if with_call:
+      return next(rendezvous), rendezvous
+    else:
+      return next(rendezvous)
+
+
+def future_stream_unary(
+    end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload_iterator, pool):
+  """Services a stream-in value-out servicer method by returning a Future."""
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, None, False)
+  if outcome is None:
+    def in_pool():
+      for payload in payload_iterator:
+        rendezvous.consume(payload)
+      rendezvous.terminate()
+    pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context))
+  return rendezvous
+
+
+def inline_stream_stream(
+    end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload_iterator, pool):
+  """Services a stream-in stream-out servicer method."""
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, None, False)
+  if outcome is None:
+    def in_pool():
+      for payload in payload_iterator:
+        rendezvous.consume(payload)
+      rendezvous.terminate()
+    pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context))
+  return rendezvous
+
+
+def event_unary_unary(
+    end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, receiver,
+    abortion_callback, pool):
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, True)
+  return _event_return_unary(
+      receiver, abortion_callback, rendezvous, operation_context, outcome, pool)
+
+
+def event_unary_stream(
+    end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload,
+    receiver, abortion_callback, pool):
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, payload, True)
+  return _event_return_stream(
+      receiver, abortion_callback, rendezvous, operation_context, outcome, pool)
+
+
+def event_stream_unary(
+    end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, receiver, abortion_callback,
+    pool):
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, None, False)
+  return _event_return_unary(
+      receiver, abortion_callback, rendezvous, operation_context, outcome, pool)
+
+
+def event_stream_stream(
+    end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, receiver, abortion_callback,
+    pool):
+  rendezvous, operation_context, outcome = _invoke(
+      end, group, method, timeout, initial_metadata, None, False)
+  return _event_return_stream(
+      receiver, abortion_callback, rendezvous, operation_context, outcome, pool)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_control.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_control.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01de3c15bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_control.py
@@ -0,0 +1,545 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""State and behavior for translating between sync and async control flow."""
+
+import collections
+import enum
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+
+from grpc.framework.foundation import abandonment
+from grpc.framework.foundation import callable_util
+from grpc.framework.foundation import future
+from grpc.framework.foundation import stream
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import utilities
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+
+_DONE_CALLBACK_LOG_MESSAGE = 'Exception calling Future "done" callback!'
+_INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE = ':-( RPC Framework (Crust) Internal Error! )-:'
+
+_CANNOT_SET_INITIAL_METADATA = (
+    'Could not set initial metadata - has it already been set, or has a ' +
+    'payload already been sent?')
+_CANNOT_SET_TERMINAL_METADATA = (
+    'Could not set terminal metadata - has it already been set, or has RPC ' +
+    'completion already been indicated?')
+_CANNOT_SET_CODE = (
+    'Could not set code - has it already been set, or has RPC completion ' +
+    'already been indicated?')
+_CANNOT_SET_DETAILS = (
+    'Could not set details - has it already been set, or has RPC completion ' +
+    'already been indicated?')
+
+
+class _DummyOperator(base.Operator):
+
+  def advance(
+      self, initial_metadata=None, payload=None, completion=None,
+      allowance=None):
+    pass
+
+_DUMMY_OPERATOR = _DummyOperator()
+
+
+class _Awaited(
+    collections.namedtuple('_Awaited', ('kind', 'value',))):
+
+  @enum.unique
+  class Kind(enum.Enum):
+    NOT_YET_ARRIVED = 'not yet arrived'
+    ARRIVED = 'arrived'
+
+_NOT_YET_ARRIVED = _Awaited(_Awaited.Kind.NOT_YET_ARRIVED, None)
+_ARRIVED_AND_NONE = _Awaited(_Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED, None)
+
+
+class _Transitory(
+    collections.namedtuple('_Transitory', ('kind', 'value',))):
+
+  @enum.unique
+  class Kind(enum.Enum):
+    NOT_YET_SEEN = 'not yet seen'
+    PRESENT = 'present'
+    GONE = 'gone'
+
+_NOT_YET_SEEN = _Transitory(_Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN, None)
+_GONE = _Transitory(_Transitory.Kind.GONE, None)
+
+
+class _Termination(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_Termination', ('terminated', 'abortion', 'abortion_error',))):
+  """Values indicating whether and how an RPC has terminated.
+
+  Attributes:
+    terminated: A boolean indicating whether or not the RPC has terminated.
+    abortion: A face.Abortion value describing the RPC's abortion or None if the
+      RPC did not abort.
+    abortion_error: A face.AbortionError describing the RPC's abortion or None
+      if the RPC did not abort.
+  """
+
+_NOT_TERMINATED = _Termination(False, None, None)
+
+_OPERATION_OUTCOME_TO_TERMINATION_CONSTRUCTOR = {
+    base.Outcome.COMPLETED: lambda *unused_args: _Termination(True, None, None),
+    base.Outcome.CANCELLED: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.CANCELLED, *args),
+        face.CancellationError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.EXPIRED: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.EXPIRED, *args),
+        face.ExpirationError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.LOCAL_SHUTDOWN: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.LOCAL_SHUTDOWN, *args),
+        face.LocalShutdownError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.REMOTE_SHUTDOWN: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.REMOTE_SHUTDOWN, *args),
+        face.RemoteShutdownError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.RECEPTION_FAILURE: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.NETWORK_FAILURE, *args),
+        face.NetworkError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.TRANSMISSION_FAILURE: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.NETWORK_FAILURE, *args),
+        face.NetworkError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.LOCAL_FAILURE: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.LOCAL_FAILURE, *args),
+        face.LocalError(*args)),
+    base.Outcome.REMOTE_FAILURE: lambda *args: _Termination(
+        True, face.Abortion(face.Abortion.Kind.REMOTE_FAILURE, *args),
+        face.RemoteError(*args)),
+}
+
+
+def _wait_once_until(condition, until):
+  if until is None:
+    condition.wait()
+  else:
+    remaining = until - time.time()
+    if remaining < 0:
+      raise future.TimeoutError()
+    else:
+      condition.wait(timeout=remaining)
+
+
+def _done_callback_as_operation_termination_callback(
+    done_callback, rendezvous):
+  def operation_termination_callback(operation_outcome):
+    rendezvous.set_outcome(operation_outcome)
+    done_callback(rendezvous)
+  return operation_termination_callback
+
+
+def _abortion_callback_as_operation_termination_callback(
+    rpc_abortion_callback, rendezvous_set_outcome):
+  def operation_termination_callback(operation_outcome):
+    termination = rendezvous_set_outcome(operation_outcome)
+    if termination.abortion is not None:
+      rpc_abortion_callback(termination.abortion)
+  return operation_termination_callback
+
+
+class Rendezvous(base.Operator, future.Future, stream.Consumer, face.Call):
+  """A rendez-vous for the threads of an operation.
+
+  Instances of this object present iterator and stream.Consumer interfaces for
+  interacting with application code and present a base.Operator interface and
+  maintain a base.Operator internally for interacting with base interface code.
+  """
+
+  def __init__(self, operator, operation_context):
+    self._condition = threading.Condition()
+
+    self._operator = operator
+    self._operation_context = operation_context
+
+    self._up_initial_metadata = _NOT_YET_ARRIVED
+    self._up_payload = None
+    self._up_allowance = 1
+    self._up_completion = _NOT_YET_ARRIVED
+    self._down_initial_metadata = _NOT_YET_SEEN
+    self._down_payload = None
+    self._down_allowance = 1
+    self._down_terminal_metadata = _NOT_YET_SEEN
+    self._down_code = _NOT_YET_SEEN
+    self._down_details = _NOT_YET_SEEN
+
+    self._termination = _NOT_TERMINATED
+
+    # The semantics of future.Future.cancel and future.Future.cancelled are
+    # slightly wonky, so they have to be tracked separately from the rest of the
+    # result of the RPC. This field tracks whether cancellation was requested
+    # prior to termination of the RPC
+    self._cancelled = False
+
+  def set_operator_and_context(self, operator, operation_context):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._operator = operator
+      self._operation_context = operation_context
+
+  def _down_completion(self):
+    if self._down_terminal_metadata.kind is _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN:
+      terminal_metadata = None
+      self._down_terminal_metadata = _GONE
+    elif self._down_terminal_metadata.kind is _Transitory.Kind.PRESENT:
+      terminal_metadata = self._down_terminal_metadata.value
+      self._down_terminal_metadata = _GONE
+    else:
+      terminal_metadata = None
+    if self._down_code.kind is _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN:
+      code = None
+      self._down_code = _GONE
+    elif self._down_code.kind is _Transitory.Kind.PRESENT:
+      code = self._down_code.value
+      self._down_code = _GONE
+    else:
+      code = None
+    if self._down_details.kind is _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN:
+      details = None
+      self._down_details = _GONE
+    elif self._down_details.kind is _Transitory.Kind.PRESENT:
+      details = self._down_details.value
+      self._down_details = _GONE
+    else:
+      details = None
+    return utilities.completion(terminal_metadata, code, details)
+
+  def _set_outcome(self, outcome):
+    if not self._termination.terminated:
+      self._operator = _DUMMY_OPERATOR
+      self._operation_context = None
+      self._down_initial_metadata = _GONE
+      self._down_payload = None
+      self._down_terminal_metadata = _GONE
+      self._down_code = _GONE
+      self._down_details = _GONE
+
+      if self._up_initial_metadata.kind is _Awaited.Kind.NOT_YET_ARRIVED:
+        initial_metadata = None
+      else:
+        initial_metadata = self._up_initial_metadata.value
+      if self._up_completion.kind is _Awaited.Kind.NOT_YET_ARRIVED:
+        terminal_metadata, code, details = None, None, None
+      else:
+        terminal_metadata = self._up_completion.value.terminal_metadata
+        code = self._up_completion.value.code
+        details = self._up_completion.value.message
+      self._termination = _OPERATION_OUTCOME_TO_TERMINATION_CONSTRUCTOR[
+          outcome](initial_metadata, terminal_metadata, code, details)
+
+      self._condition.notify_all()
+
+    return self._termination
+
+  def advance(
+      self, initial_metadata=None, payload=None, completion=None,
+      allowance=None):
+    with self._condition:
+      if initial_metadata is not None:
+        self._up_initial_metadata = _Awaited(
+            _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED, initial_metadata)
+      if payload is not None:
+        if self._up_initial_metadata.kind is _Awaited.Kind.NOT_YET_ARRIVED:
+          self._up_initial_metadata = _ARRIVED_AND_NONE
+        self._up_payload = payload
+        self._up_allowance -= 1
+      if completion is not None:
+        if self._up_initial_metadata.kind is _Awaited.Kind.NOT_YET_ARRIVED:
+          self._up_initial_metadata = _ARRIVED_AND_NONE
+        self._up_completion = _Awaited(
+            _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED, completion)
+      if allowance is not None:
+        if self._down_payload is not None:
+          self._operator.advance(payload=self._down_payload)
+          self._down_payload = None
+          self._down_allowance += allowance - 1
+        else:
+          self._down_allowance += allowance
+      self._condition.notify_all()
+
+  def cancel(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._operation_context is not None:
+        self._operation_context.cancel()
+        self._cancelled = True
+      return False
+
+  def cancelled(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return self._cancelled
+
+  def running(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return not self._termination.terminated
+
+  def done(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return self._termination.terminated
+
+  def result(self, timeout=None):
+    until = None if timeout is None else time.time() + timeout
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._termination.terminated:
+          if self._termination.abortion is None:
+            return self._up_payload
+          elif self._termination.abortion.kind is face.Abortion.Kind.CANCELLED:
+            raise future.CancelledError()
+          else:
+            raise self._termination.abortion_error  # pylint: disable=raising-bad-type
+        else:
+          _wait_once_until(self._condition, until)
+
+  def exception(self, timeout=None):
+    until = None if timeout is None else time.time() + timeout
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._termination.terminated:
+          if self._termination.abortion is None:
+            return None
+          else:
+            return self._termination.abortion_error
+        else:
+          _wait_once_until(self._condition, until)
+
+  def traceback(self, timeout=None):
+    until = None if timeout is None else time.time() + timeout
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._termination.terminated:
+          if self._termination.abortion_error is None:
+            return None
+          else:
+            abortion_error = self._termination.abortion_error
+            break
+        else:
+          _wait_once_until(self._condition, until)
+
+    try:
+      raise abortion_error
+    except face.AbortionError:
+      return sys.exc_info()[2]
+
+  def add_done_callback(self, fn):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._operation_context is not None:
+        outcome = self._operation_context.add_termination_callback(
+            _done_callback_as_operation_termination_callback(fn, self))
+        if outcome is None:
+          return
+        else:
+          self._set_outcome(outcome)
+
+    fn(self)
+
+  def consume(self, value):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._termination.terminated:
+          return
+        elif 0 < self._down_allowance:
+          self._operator.advance(payload=value)
+          self._down_allowance -= 1
+          return
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def terminate(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._termination.terminated:
+        return
+      elif self._down_code.kind is _Transitory.Kind.GONE:
+        # Conform to specified idempotence of terminate by ignoring extra calls.
+        return
+      else:
+        completion = self._down_completion()
+        self._operator.advance(completion=completion)
+
+  def consume_and_terminate(self, value):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._termination.terminated:
+          return
+        elif 0 < self._down_allowance:
+          completion = self._down_completion()
+          self._operator.advance(payload=value, completion=completion)
+          return
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def __iter__(self):
+    return self
+
+  def next(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._termination.abortion_error is not None:
+          raise self._termination.abortion_error
+        elif self._up_payload is not None:
+          payload = self._up_payload
+          self._up_payload = None
+          if self._up_completion.kind is _Awaited.Kind.NOT_YET_ARRIVED:
+            self._operator.advance(allowance=1)
+          return payload
+        elif self._up_completion.kind is _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED:
+          raise StopIteration()
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def is_active(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return not self._termination.terminated
+
+  def time_remaining(self):
+    if self._operation_context is None:
+      return 0
+    else:
+      return self._operation_context.time_remaining()
+
+  def add_abortion_callback(self, abortion_callback):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._operation_context is None:
+        return self._termination.abortion
+      else:
+        outcome = self._operation_context.add_termination_callback(
+            _abortion_callback_as_operation_termination_callback(
+                abortion_callback, self.set_outcome))
+        if outcome is not None:
+          return self._set_outcome(outcome).abortion
+        else:
+          return self._termination.abortion
+
+  def initial_metadata(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._up_initial_metadata.kind is _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED:
+          return self._up_initial_metadata.value
+        elif self._termination.terminated:
+          return None
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def terminal_metadata(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._up_completion.kind is _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED:
+          return self._up_completion.value.terminal_metadata
+        elif self._termination.terminated:
+          return None
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def code(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._up_completion.kind is _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED:
+          return self._up_completion.value.code
+        elif self._termination.terminated:
+          return None
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def details(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        if self._up_completion.kind is _Awaited.Kind.ARRIVED:
+          return self._up_completion.value.message
+        elif self._termination.terminated:
+          return None
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+  def set_initial_metadata(self, initial_metadata):
+    with self._condition:
+      if (self._down_initial_metadata.kind is not
+          _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN):
+        raise ValueError(_CANNOT_SET_INITIAL_METADATA)
+      else:
+        self._down_initial_metadata = _GONE
+        self._operator.advance(initial_metadata=initial_metadata)
+
+  def set_terminal_metadata(self, terminal_metadata):
+    with self._condition:
+      if (self._down_terminal_metadata.kind is not
+          _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN):
+        raise ValueError(_CANNOT_SET_TERMINAL_METADATA)
+      else:
+        self._down_terminal_metadata = _Transitory(
+            _Transitory.Kind.PRESENT, terminal_metadata)
+
+  def set_code(self, code):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._down_code.kind is not _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN:
+        raise ValueError(_CANNOT_SET_CODE)
+      else:
+        self._down_code = _Transitory(_Transitory.Kind.PRESENT, code)
+
+  def set_details(self, details):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._down_details.kind is not _Transitory.Kind.NOT_YET_SEEN:
+        raise ValueError(_CANNOT_SET_DETAILS)
+      else:
+        self._down_details = _Transitory(_Transitory.Kind.PRESENT, details)
+
+  def set_outcome(self, outcome):
+    with self._condition:
+      return self._set_outcome(outcome)
+
+
+def pool_wrap(behavior, operation_context):
+  """Wraps an operation-related behavior so that it may be called in a pool.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: A callable related to carrying out an operation.
+    operation_context: A base_interfaces.OperationContext for the operation.
+
+  Returns:
+    A callable that when called carries out the behavior of the given callable
+      and handles whatever exceptions it raises appropriately.
+  """
+  def translation(*args):
+    try:
+      behavior(*args)
+    except (
+        abandonment.Abandoned,
+        face.CancellationError,
+        face.ExpirationError,
+        face.LocalShutdownError,
+        face.RemoteShutdownError,
+        face.NetworkError,
+        face.RemoteError,
+    ) as e:
+      if operation_context.outcome() is None:
+        operation_context.fail(e)
+    except Exception as e:
+      operation_context.fail(e)
+  return callable_util.with_exceptions_logged(
+      translation, _INTERNAL_ERROR_LOG_MESSAGE)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_service.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_service.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2455a58f59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Behaviors for servicing RPCs."""
+
+from grpc.framework.crust import _control
+from grpc.framework.foundation import abandonment
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import utilities
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+
+
+class _ServicerContext(face.ServicerContext):
+
+  def __init__(self, rendezvous):
+    self._rendezvous = rendezvous
+
+  def is_active(self):
+    return self._rendezvous.is_active()
+
+  def time_remaining(self):
+    return self._rendezvous.time_remaining()
+
+  def add_abortion_callback(self, abortion_callback):
+    return self._rendezvous.add_abortion_callback(abortion_callback)
+
+  def cancel(self):
+    self._rendezvous.cancel()
+
+  def invocation_metadata(self):
+    return self._rendezvous.initial_metadata()
+
+  def initial_metadata(self, initial_metadata):
+    self._rendezvous.set_initial_metadata(initial_metadata)
+
+  def terminal_metadata(self, terminal_metadata):
+    self._rendezvous.set_terminal_metadata(terminal_metadata)
+
+  def code(self, code):
+    self._rendezvous.set_code(code)
+
+  def details(self, details):
+    self._rendezvous.set_details(details)
+
+
+def _adaptation(pool, in_pool):
+  def adaptation(operator, operation_context):
+    rendezvous = _control.Rendezvous(operator, operation_context)
+    outcome = operation_context.add_termination_callback(rendezvous.set_outcome)
+    if outcome is None:
+      pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context), rendezvous)
+      return utilities.full_subscription(rendezvous)
+    else:
+      raise abandonment.Abandoned()
+  return adaptation
+
+
+def adapt_inline_unary_unary(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    request = next(rendezvous)
+    response = method(request, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+    rendezvous.consume_and_terminate(response)
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_inline_unary_stream(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    request = next(rendezvous)
+    response_iterator = method(request, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+    for response in response_iterator:
+      rendezvous.consume(response)
+    rendezvous.terminate()
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_inline_stream_unary(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    response = method(rendezvous, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+    rendezvous.consume_and_terminate(response)
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_inline_stream_stream(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    response_iterator = method(rendezvous, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+    for response in response_iterator:
+      rendezvous.consume(response)
+    rendezvous.terminate()
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_event_unary_unary(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    request = next(rendezvous)
+    method(
+        request, rendezvous.consume_and_terminate, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_event_unary_stream(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    request = next(rendezvous)
+    method(request, rendezvous, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_event_stream_unary(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    request_consumer = method(
+        rendezvous.consume_and_terminate, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+    for request in rendezvous:
+      request_consumer.consume(request)
+    request_consumer.terminate()
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_event_stream_stream(method, pool):
+  def in_pool(rendezvous):
+    request_consumer = method(rendezvous, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+    for request in rendezvous:
+      request_consumer.consume(request)
+    request_consumer.terminate()
+  return _adaptation(pool, in_pool)
+
+
+def adapt_multi_method(multi_method, pool):
+  def adaptation(group, method, operator, operation_context):
+    rendezvous = _control.Rendezvous(operator, operation_context)
+    outcome = operation_context.add_termination_callback(rendezvous.set_outcome)
+    if outcome is None:
+      def in_pool():
+        request_consumer = multi_method(
+            group, method, rendezvous, _ServicerContext(rendezvous))
+        for request in rendezvous:
+          request_consumer.consume(request)
+        request_consumer.terminate()
+      pool.submit(_control.pool_wrap(in_pool, operation_context), rendezvous)
+      return utilities.full_subscription(rendezvous)
+    else:
+      raise abandonment.Abandoned()
+  return adaptation
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/implementations.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/implementations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..12f7e79641
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/crust/implementations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Entry points into the Crust layer of RPC Framework."""
+
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality
+from grpc.framework.common import style
+from grpc.framework.crust import _calls
+from grpc.framework.crust import _service
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import base
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+
+
+class _BaseServicer(base.Servicer):
+
+  def __init__(self, adapted_methods, adapted_multi_method):
+    self._adapted_methods = adapted_methods
+    self._adapted_multi_method = adapted_multi_method
+
+  def service(self, group, method, context, output_operator):
+    adapted_method = self._adapted_methods.get((group, method), None)
+    if adapted_method is not None:
+      return adapted_method(output_operator, context)
+    elif self._adapted_multi_method is not None:
+      try:
+        return self._adapted_multi_method.service(
+            group, method, output_operator, context)
+      except face.NoSuchMethodError:
+        raise base.NoSuchMethodError()
+    else:
+      raise base.NoSuchMethodError()
+
+
+class _UnaryUnaryMultiCallable(face.UnaryUnaryMultiCallable):
+
+  def __init__(self, end, group, method, pool):
+    self._end = end
+    self._group = group
+    self._method = method
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def __call__(
+      self, request, timeout, metadata=None, with_call=False):
+    return _calls.blocking_unary_unary(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, with_call,
+        metadata, request)
+
+  def future(self, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.future_unary_unary(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        request)
+
+  def event(
+      self, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_unary_unary(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        request, receiver, abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+
+class _UnaryStreamMultiCallable(face.UnaryStreamMultiCallable):
+
+  def __init__(self, end, group, method, pool):
+    self._end = end
+    self._group = group
+    self._method = method
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def __call__(self, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.inline_unary_stream(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        request)
+
+  def event(
+      self, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_unary_stream(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        request, receiver, abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+
+class _StreamUnaryMultiCallable(face.StreamUnaryMultiCallable):
+
+  def __init__(self, end, group, method, pool):
+    self._end = end
+    self._group = group
+    self._method = method
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def __call__(
+      self, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None,
+      with_call=False):
+    return _calls.blocking_stream_unary(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, with_call,
+        metadata, request_iterator, self._pool)
+
+  def future(self, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.future_stream_unary(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        request_iterator, self._pool)
+
+  def event(
+      self, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_stream_unary(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        receiver, abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+
+class _StreamStreamMultiCallable(face.StreamStreamMultiCallable):
+
+  def __init__(self, end, group, method, pool):
+    self._end = end
+    self._group = group
+    self._method = method
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def __call__(self, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.inline_stream_stream(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        request_iterator, self._pool)
+
+  def event(
+      self, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_stream_stream(
+        self._end, self._group, self._method, timeout, metadata,
+        receiver, abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+
+class _GenericStub(face.GenericStub):
+  """An face.GenericStub implementation."""
+
+  def __init__(self, end, pool):
+    self._end = end
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def blocking_unary_unary(
+      self, group, method, request, timeout, metadata=None,
+      with_call=None):
+    return _calls.blocking_unary_unary(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, with_call, metadata,
+        request)
+
+  def future_unary_unary(
+      self, group, method, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.future_unary_unary(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata, request)
+
+  def inline_unary_stream(
+      self, group, method, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.inline_unary_stream(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata, request)
+
+  def blocking_stream_unary(
+      self, group, method, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None,
+      with_call=None):
+    return _calls.blocking_stream_unary(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, with_call, metadata,
+        request_iterator, self._pool)
+
+  def future_stream_unary(
+      self, group, method, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.future_stream_unary(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata,
+        request_iterator, self._pool)
+
+  def inline_stream_stream(
+      self, group, method, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    return _calls.inline_stream_stream(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata,
+        request_iterator, self._pool)
+
+  def event_unary_unary(
+      self, group, method, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_unary_unary(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata, request,
+        receiver, abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+  def event_unary_stream(
+      self, group, method, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_unary_stream(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata, request,
+        receiver, abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+  def event_stream_unary(
+      self, group, method, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_stream_unary(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata, receiver,
+        abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+  def event_stream_stream(
+      self, group, method, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    return _calls.event_stream_stream(
+        self._end, group, method, timeout, metadata, receiver,
+        abortion_callback, self._pool)
+
+  def unary_unary(self, group, method):
+    return _UnaryUnaryMultiCallable(self._end, group, method, self._pool)
+
+  def unary_stream(self, group, method):
+    return _UnaryStreamMultiCallable(self._end, group, method, self._pool)
+
+  def stream_unary(self, group, method):
+    return _StreamUnaryMultiCallable(self._end, group, method, self._pool)
+
+  def stream_stream(self, group, method):
+    return _StreamStreamMultiCallable(self._end, group, method, self._pool)
+
+
+class _DynamicStub(face.DynamicStub):
+  """An face.DynamicStub implementation."""
+
+  def __init__(self, end, group, cardinalities, pool):
+    self._end = end
+    self._group = group
+    self._cardinalities = cardinalities
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def __getattr__(self, attr):
+    method_cardinality = self._cardinalities.get(attr)
+    if method_cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY:
+      return _UnaryUnaryMultiCallable(self._end, self._group, attr, self._pool)
+    elif method_cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM:
+      return _UnaryStreamMultiCallable(self._end, self._group, attr, self._pool)
+    elif method_cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY:
+      return _StreamUnaryMultiCallable(self._end, self._group, attr, self._pool)
+    elif method_cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM:
+      return _StreamStreamMultiCallable(
+          self._end, self._group, attr, self._pool)
+    else:
+      raise AttributeError('_DynamicStub object has no attribute "%s"!' % attr)
+
+
+def _adapt_method_implementations(method_implementations, pool):
+  adapted_implementations = {}
+  for name, method_implementation in method_implementations.iteritems():
+    if method_implementation.style is style.Service.INLINE:
+      if method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_inline_unary_unary(
+            method_implementation.unary_unary_inline, pool)
+      elif method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_inline_unary_stream(
+            method_implementation.unary_stream_inline, pool)
+      elif method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_inline_stream_unary(
+            method_implementation.stream_unary_inline, pool)
+      elif method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_inline_stream_stream(
+            method_implementation.stream_stream_inline, pool)
+    elif method_implementation.style is style.Service.EVENT:
+      if method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_event_unary_unary(
+            method_implementation.unary_unary_event, pool)
+      elif method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_event_unary_stream(
+            method_implementation.unary_stream_event, pool)
+      elif method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_event_stream_unary(
+            method_implementation.stream_unary_event, pool)
+      elif method_implementation.cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM:
+        adapted_implementations[name] = _service.adapt_event_stream_stream(
+            method_implementation.stream_stream_event, pool)
+  return adapted_implementations
+
+
+def servicer(method_implementations, multi_method_implementation, pool):
+  """Creates a base.Servicer.
+
+  It is guaranteed that any passed face.MultiMethodImplementation will
+  only be called to service an RPC if there is no
+  face.MethodImplementation for the RPC method in the passed
+  method_implementations dictionary.
+
+  Args:
+    method_implementations: A dictionary from RPC method name to
+      face.MethodImplementation object to be used to service the named
+      RPC method.
+    multi_method_implementation: An face.MultiMethodImplementation to be
+      used to service any RPCs not serviced by the
+      face.MethodImplementations given in the method_implementations
+      dictionary, or None.
+    pool: A thread pool.
+
+  Returns:
+    A base.Servicer that services RPCs via the given implementations.
+  """
+  adapted_implementations = _adapt_method_implementations(
+      method_implementations, pool)
+  adapted_multi_method_implementation = _service.adapt_multi_method(
+      multi_method_implementation, pool)
+  return _BaseServicer(
+      adapted_implementations, adapted_multi_method_implementation)
+
+
+def generic_stub(end, pool):
+  """Creates an face.GenericStub.
+
+  Args:
+    end: A base.End.
+    pool: A futures.ThreadPoolExecutor.
+
+  Returns:
+    A face.GenericStub that performs RPCs via the given base.End.
+  """
+  return _GenericStub(end, pool)
+
+
+def dynamic_stub(end, group, cardinalities, pool):
+  """Creates an face.DynamicStub.
+
+  Args:
+    end: A base.End.
+    group: The group identifier for all RPCs to be made with the created
+      face.DynamicStub.
+    cardinalities: A dict from method identifier to cardinality.Cardinality
+      value identifying the cardinality of every RPC method to be supported by
+      the created face.DynamicStub.
+    pool: A futures.ThreadPoolExecutor.
+
+  Returns:
+    A face.DynamicStub that performs RPCs via the given base.End.
+  """
+  return _DynamicStub(end, group, cardinalities, pool)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/base/base.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/base/base.py
index 9d1651daac..bc52efb4c5 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/base/base.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/base/base.py
@@ -27,17 +27,46 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-"""The base interface of RPC Framework."""
+"""The base interface of RPC Framework.
 
+Implementations of this interface support the conduct of "operations":
+exchanges between two distinct ends of an arbitrary number of data payloads
+and metadata such as a name for the operation, initial and terminal metadata
+in each direction, and flow control. These operations may be used for transfers
+of data, remote procedure calls, status indication, or anything else
+applications choose.
+"""
+
+# threading is referenced from specification in this module.
 import abc
 import enum
+import threading
 
 # abandonment is referenced from specification in this module.
 from grpc.framework.foundation import abandonment  # pylint: disable=unused-import
 
 
 class NoSuchMethodError(Exception):
-  """Indicates that an unrecognized operation has been called."""
+  """Indicates that an unrecognized operation has been called.
+
+  Attributes:
+    code: A code value to communicate to the other side of the operation along
+      with indication of operation termination. May be None.
+    details: A details value to communicate to the other side of the operation
+      along with indication of operation termination. May be None.
+  """
+
+  def __init__(self, code, details):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      code: A code value to communicate to the other side of the operation
+        along with indication of operation termination. May be None.
+      details: A details value to communicate to the other side of the
+        operation along with indication of operation termination. May be None.
+    """
+    self.code = code
+    self.details = details
 
 
 @enum.unique
@@ -208,19 +237,26 @@ class End(object):
     raise NotImplementedError()
 
   @abc.abstractmethod
-  def stop_gracefully(self):
-    """Gracefully stops this object's service of operations.
+  def stop(self, grace):
+    """Stops this object's service of operations.
 
-    Operations in progress will be allowed to complete, and this method blocks
-    until all of them have.
-    """
-    raise NotImplementedError()
+    This object will refuse service of new operations as soon as this method is
+    called but operations under way at the time of the call may be given a
+    grace period during which they are allowed to finish.
 
-  @abc.abstractmethod
-  def stop_immediately(self):
-    """Immediately stops this object's service of operations.
+    Args:
+      grace: A duration of time in seconds to allow ongoing operations to
+        terminate before being forcefully terminated by the stopping of this
+        End. May be zero to terminate all ongoing operations and immediately
+        stop.
 
-    Operations in progress will not be allowed to complete.
+    Returns:
+      A threading.Event that will be set to indicate all operations having
+        terminated and this End having completely stopped. The returned event
+        may not be set until after the full grace period (if some ongoing
+        operation continues for the full length of the period) or it may be set
+        much sooner (if for example this End had no operations in progress at
+        the time its stop method was called).
     """
     raise NotImplementedError()
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7086519106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/face.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/face.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..948e7505b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/face.py
@@ -0,0 +1,933 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Interfaces defining the Face layer of RPC Framework."""
+
+import abc
+import collections
+import enum
+
+# cardinality, style, abandonment, future, and stream are
+# referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.common import style  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.foundation import abandonment  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.foundation import future  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.foundation import stream  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+class NoSuchMethodError(Exception):
+  """Raised by customer code to indicate an unrecognized method.
+
+  Attributes:
+    group: The group of the unrecognized method.
+    name: The name of the unrecognized method.
+  """
+
+  def __init__(self, group, method):
+    """Constructor.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the unrecognized RPC name.
+      method: The method identifier of the unrecognized RPC name.
+    """
+    super(NoSuchMethodError, self).__init__()
+    self.group = group
+    self.method = method
+
+  def __repr__(self):
+    return 'face.NoSuchMethodError(%s, %s)' % (self.group, self.method,)
+
+
+class Abortion(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        'Abortion',
+        ('kind', 'initial_metadata', 'terminal_metadata', 'code', 'details',))):
+  """A value describing RPC abortion.
+
+  Attributes:
+    kind: A Kind value identifying how the RPC failed.
+    initial_metadata: The initial metadata from the other side of the RPC or
+      None if no initial metadata value was received.
+    terminal_metadata: The terminal metadata from the other side of the RPC or
+      None if no terminal metadata value was received.
+    code: The code value from the other side of the RPC or None if no code value
+      was received.
+    details: The details value from the other side of the RPC or None if no
+      details value was received.
+  """
+
+  @enum.unique
+  class Kind(enum.Enum):
+    """Types of RPC abortion."""
+
+    CANCELLED = 'cancelled'
+    EXPIRED = 'expired'
+    LOCAL_SHUTDOWN = 'local shutdown'
+    REMOTE_SHUTDOWN = 'remote shutdown'
+    NETWORK_FAILURE = 'network failure'
+    LOCAL_FAILURE = 'local failure'
+    REMOTE_FAILURE = 'remote failure'
+
+
+class AbortionError(Exception):
+  """Common super type for exceptions indicating RPC abortion.
+
+    initial_metadata: The initial metadata from the other side of the RPC or
+      None if no initial metadata value was received.
+    terminal_metadata: The terminal metadata from the other side of the RPC or
+      None if no terminal metadata value was received.
+    code: The code value from the other side of the RPC or None if no code value
+      was received.
+    details: The details value from the other side of the RPC or None if no
+      details value was received.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  def __init__(self, initial_metadata, terminal_metadata, code, details):
+    super(AbortionError, self).__init__()
+    self.initial_metadata = initial_metadata
+    self.terminal_metadata = terminal_metadata
+    self.code = code
+    self.details = details
+
+
+class CancellationError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that an RPC has been cancelled."""
+
+
+class ExpirationError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that an RPC has expired ("timed out")."""
+
+
+class LocalShutdownError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that an RPC has terminated due to local shutdown of RPCs."""
+
+
+class RemoteShutdownError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that an RPC has terminated due to remote shutdown of RPCs."""
+
+
+class NetworkError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that some error occurred on the network."""
+
+
+class LocalError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that an RPC has terminated due to a local defect."""
+
+
+class RemoteError(AbortionError):
+  """Indicates that an RPC has terminated due to a remote defect."""
+
+
+class RpcContext(object):
+  """Provides RPC-related information and action."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def is_active(self):
+    """Describes whether the RPC is active or has terminated."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def time_remaining(self):
+    """Describes the length of allowed time remaining for the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A nonnegative float indicating the length of allowed time in seconds
+      remaining for the RPC to complete before it is considered to have timed
+      out.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def add_abortion_callback(self, abortion_callback):
+    """Registers a callback to be called if the RPC is aborted.
+
+    Args:
+      abortion_callback: A callable to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def cancel(self):
+    """Cancels the RPC.
+
+    Idempotent and has no effect if the RPC has already terminated.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class Call(RpcContext):
+  """Invocation-side utility object for an RPC."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def initial_metadata(self):
+    """Accesses the initial metadata from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    This method blocks until the value is available or is known not to have been
+    emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      The initial metadata object emitted by the service-side of the RPC, or
+        None if there was no such value.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def terminal_metadata(self):
+    """Accesses the terminal metadata from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    This method blocks until the value is available or is known not to have been
+    emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      The terminal metadata object emitted by the service-side of the RPC, or
+        None if there was no such value.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def code(self):
+    """Accesses the code emitted by the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    This method blocks until the value is available or is known not to have been
+    emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      The code object emitted by the service-side of the RPC, or None if there
+        was no such value.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def details(self):
+    """Accesses the details value emitted by the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    This method blocks until the value is available or is known not to have been
+    emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      The details value emitted by the service-side of the RPC, or None if there
+        was no such value.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class ServicerContext(RpcContext):
+  """A context object passed to method implementations."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def invocation_metadata(self):
+    """Accesses the metadata from the invocation-side of the RPC.
+
+    This method blocks until the value is available or is known not to have been
+    emitted from the invocation-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      The metadata object emitted by the invocation-side of the RPC, or None if
+        there was no such value.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def initial_metadata(self, initial_metadata):
+    """Accepts the service-side initial metadata value of the RPC.
+
+    This method need not be called by method implementations if they have no
+    service-side initial metadata to transmit.
+
+    Args:
+      initial_metadata: The service-side initial metadata value of the RPC to
+        be transmitted to the invocation side of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def terminal_metadata(self, terminal_metadata):
+    """Accepts the service-side terminal metadata value of the RPC.
+
+    This method need not be called by method implementations if they have no
+    service-side terminal metadata to transmit.
+
+    Args:
+      terminal_metadata: The service-side terminal metadata value of the RPC to
+        be transmitted to the invocation side of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def code(self, code):
+    """Accepts the service-side code of the RPC.
+
+    This method need not be called by method implementations if they have no
+    code to transmit.
+
+    Args:
+      code: The code of the RPC to be transmitted to the invocation side of the
+        RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def details(self, details):
+    """Accepts the service-side details of the RPC.
+
+    This method need not be called by method implementations if they have no
+    service-side details to transmit.
+
+    Args:
+      details: The service-side details value of the RPC to be transmitted to
+        the invocation side of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class ResponseReceiver(object):
+  """Invocation-side object used to accept the output of an RPC."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def initial_metadata(self, initial_metadata):
+    """Receives the initial metadata from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      initial_metadata: The initial metadata object emitted from the
+        service-side of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def response(self, response):
+    """Receives a response from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      response: A response object emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def complete(self, terminal_metadata, code, details):
+    """Receives the completion values emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      terminal_metadata: The terminal metadata object emitted from the
+        service-side of the RPC.
+      code: The code object emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+      details: The details object emitted from the service-side of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class UnaryUnaryMultiCallable(object):
+  """Affords invoking a unary-unary RPC in any call style."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def __call__(
+      self, request, timeout, metadata=None, with_call=False):
+    """Synchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+      with_call: Whether or not to include return a Call for the RPC in addition
+        to the reponse.
+
+    Returns:
+      The response value for the RPC, and a Call for the RPC if with_call was
+        set to True at invocation.
+
+    Raises:
+      AbortionError: Indicating that the RPC was aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def future(self, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Asynchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and a future.Future. In the
+        event of RPC completion, the return Future's result value will be the
+        response value of the RPC. In the event of RPC abortion, the returned
+        Future's exception value will be an AbortionError.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event(
+      self, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    """Asynchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A Call for the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class UnaryStreamMultiCallable(object):
+  """Affords invoking a unary-stream RPC in any call style."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def __call__(self, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and an iterator of response
+        values. Drawing response values from the returned iterator may raise
+        AbortionError indicating abortion of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event(
+      self, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    """Asynchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A Call object for the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class StreamUnaryMultiCallable(object):
+  """Affords invoking a stream-unary RPC in any call style."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def __call__(
+      self, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None,
+      with_call=False):
+    """Synchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request_iterator: An iterator that yields request values for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+      with_call: Whether or not to include return a Call for the RPC in addition
+        to the reponse.
+
+    Returns:
+      The response value for the RPC, and a Call for the RPC if with_call was
+        set to True at invocation.
+
+    Raises:
+      AbortionError: Indicating that the RPC was aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def future(self, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Asynchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request_iterator: An iterator that yields request values for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and a future.Future. In the
+        event of RPC completion, the return Future's result value will be the
+        response value of the RPC. In the event of RPC abortion, the returned
+        Future's exception value will be an AbortionError.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event(
+      self, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Asynchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A single object that is both a Call object for the RPC and a
+        stream.Consumer to which the request values of the RPC should be passed.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class StreamStreamMultiCallable(object):
+  """Affords invoking a stream-stream RPC in any call style."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def __call__(self, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      request_iterator: An iterator that yields request values for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and an iterator of response
+        values. Drawing response values from the returned iterator may raise
+        AbortionError indicating abortion of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event(
+      self, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Asynchronously invokes the underlying RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of
+        the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A single object that is both a Call object for the RPC and a
+        stream.Consumer to which the request values of the RPC should be passed.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class MethodImplementation(object):
+  """A sum type that describes a method implementation.
+
+  Attributes:
+    cardinality: A cardinality.Cardinality value.
+    style: A style.Service value.
+    unary_unary_inline: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes a request value and a ServicerContext object and returns a
+      response value. Only non-None if cardinality is
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY and style is style.Service.INLINE.
+    unary_stream_inline: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes a request value and a ServicerContext object and returns an
+      iterator of response values. Only non-None if cardinality is
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM and style is style.Service.INLINE.
+    stream_unary_inline: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes an iterator of request values and a ServicerContext object and
+      returns a response value. Only non-None if cardinality is
+      cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY and style is style.Service.INLINE.
+    stream_stream_inline: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes an iterator of request values and a ServicerContext object and
+      returns an iterator of response values. Only non-None if cardinality is
+      cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM and style is style.Service.INLINE.
+    unary_unary_event: The implementation of the method as a callable value that
+      takes a request value, a response callback to which to pass the response
+      value of the RPC, and a ServicerContext. Only non-None if cardinality is
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY and style is style.Service.EVENT.
+    unary_stream_event: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes a request value, a stream.Consumer to which to pass the
+      response values of the RPC, and a ServicerContext. Only non-None if
+      cardinality is cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM and style is
+      style.Service.EVENT.
+    stream_unary_event: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes a response callback to which to pass the response value of the
+      RPC and a ServicerContext and returns a stream.Consumer to which the
+      request values of the RPC should be passed. Only non-None if cardinality
+      is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY and style is style.Service.EVENT.
+    stream_stream_event: The implementation of the method as a callable value
+      that takes a stream.Consumer to which to pass the response values of the
+      RPC and a ServicerContext and returns a stream.Consumer to which the
+      request values of the RPC should be passed. Only non-None if cardinality
+      is cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM and style is
+      style.Service.EVENT.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+
+class MultiMethodImplementation(object):
+  """A general type able to service many methods."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def service(self, group, method, response_consumer, context):
+    """Services an RPC.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      response_consumer: A stream.Consumer to be called to accept the response
+        values of the RPC.
+      context: a ServicerContext object.
+
+    Returns:
+      A stream.Consumer with which to accept the request values of the RPC. The
+        consumer returned from this method may or may not be invoked to
+        completion: in the case of RPC abortion, RPC Framework will simply stop
+        passing values to this object. Implementations must not assume that this
+        object will be called to completion of the request stream or even called
+        at all.
+
+    Raises:
+      abandonment.Abandoned: May or may not be raised when the RPC has been
+        aborted.
+      NoSuchMethodError: If this MultiMethod does not recognize the given group
+        and name for the RPC and is not able to service the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class GenericStub(object):
+  """Affords RPC invocation via generic methods."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def blocking_unary_unary(
+      self, group, method, request, timeout, metadata=None,
+      with_call=False):
+    """Invokes a unary-request-unary-response method.
+
+    This method blocks until either returning the response value of the RPC
+    (in the event of RPC completion) or raising an exception (in the event of
+    RPC abortion).
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+      with_call: Whether or not to include return a Call for the RPC in addition
+        to the reponse.
+
+    Returns:
+      The response value for the RPC, and a Call for the RPC if with_call was
+        set to True at invocation.
+
+    Raises:
+      AbortionError: Indicating that the RPC was aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def future_unary_unary(
+      self, group, method, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Invokes a unary-request-unary-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and a future.Future. In the
+        event of RPC completion, the return Future's result value will be the
+        response value of the RPC. In the event of RPC abortion, the returned
+        Future's exception value will be an AbortionError.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def inline_unary_stream(
+      self, group, method, request, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Invokes a unary-request-stream-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and an iterator of response
+        values. Drawing response values from the returned iterator may raise
+        AbortionError indicating abortion of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def blocking_stream_unary(
+      self, group, method, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None,
+      with_call=False):
+    """Invokes a stream-request-unary-response method.
+
+    This method blocks until either returning the response value of the RPC
+    (in the event of RPC completion) or raising an exception (in the event of
+    RPC abortion).
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request_iterator: An iterator that yields request values for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+      with_call: Whether or not to include return a Call for the RPC in addition
+        to the reponse.
+
+    Returns:
+      The response value for the RPC, and a Call for the RPC if with_call was
+        set to True at invocation.
+
+    Raises:
+      AbortionError: Indicating that the RPC was aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def future_stream_unary(
+      self, group, method, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Invokes a stream-request-unary-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request_iterator: An iterator that yields request values for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and a future.Future. In the
+        event of RPC completion, the return Future's result value will be the
+        response value of the RPC. In the event of RPC abortion, the returned
+        Future's exception value will be an AbortionError.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def inline_stream_stream(
+      self, group, method, request_iterator, timeout, metadata=None):
+    """Invokes a stream-request-stream-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request_iterator: An iterator that yields request values for the RPC.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object that is both a Call for the RPC and an iterator of response
+        values. Drawing response values from the returned iterator may raise
+        AbortionError indicating abortion of the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event_unary_unary(
+      self, group, method, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    """Event-driven invocation of a unary-request-unary-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A Call for the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event_unary_stream(
+      self, group, method, request, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    """Event-driven invocation of a unary-request-stream-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      request: The request value for the RPC.
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A Call for the RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event_stream_unary(
+      self, group, method, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    """Event-driven invocation of a unary-request-unary-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A pair of a Call object for the RPC and a stream.Consumer to which the
+        request values of the RPC should be passed.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event_stream_stream(
+      self, group, method, receiver, abortion_callback, timeout,
+      metadata=None):
+    """Event-driven invocation of a unary-request-stream-response method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+      receiver: A ResponseReceiver to be passed the response data of the RPC.
+      abortion_callback: A callback to be called and passed an Abortion value
+        in the event of RPC abortion.
+      timeout: A duration of time in seconds to allow for the RPC.
+      metadata: A metadata value to be passed to the service-side of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A pair of a Call object for the RPC and a stream.Consumer to which the
+        request values of the RPC should be passed.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def unary_unary(self, group, method):
+    """Creates a UnaryUnaryMultiCallable for a unary-unary method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A UnaryUnaryMultiCallable value for the named unary-unary method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def unary_stream(self, group, method):
+    """Creates a UnaryStreamMultiCallable for a unary-stream method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A UnaryStreamMultiCallable value for the name unary-stream method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def stream_unary(self, group, method):
+    """Creates a StreamUnaryMultiCallable for a stream-unary method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A StreamUnaryMultiCallable value for the named stream-unary method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def stream_stream(self, group, method):
+    """Creates a StreamStreamMultiCallable for a stream-stream method.
+
+    Args:
+      group: The group identifier of the RPC.
+      method: The method identifier of the RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      A StreamStreamMultiCallable value for the named stream-stream method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class DynamicStub(object):
+  """Affords RPC invocation via attributes corresponding to afforded methods.
+
+  Instances of this type may be scoped to a single group so that attribute
+  access is unambiguous.
+
+  Instances of this type respond to attribute access as follows: if the
+  requested attribute is the name of a unary-unary method, the value of the
+  attribute will be a UnaryUnaryMultiCallable with which to invoke an RPC; if
+  the requested attribute is the name of a unary-stream method, the value of the
+  attribute will be a UnaryStreamMultiCallable with which to invoke an RPC; if
+  the requested attribute is the name of a stream-unary method, the value of the
+  attribute will be a StreamUnaryMultiCallable with which to invoke an RPC; and
+  if the requested attribute is the name of a stream-stream method, the value of
+  the attribute will be a StreamStreamMultiCallable with which to invoke an RPC.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/utilities.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/utilities.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db2ec6ed87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/face/utilities.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Utilities for RPC Framework's Face interface."""
+
+import collections
+
+# stream is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality
+from grpc.framework.common import style
+from grpc.framework.foundation import stream  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+
+
+class _MethodImplementation(
+    face.MethodImplementation,
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_MethodImplementation',
+        ['cardinality', 'style', 'unary_unary_inline', 'unary_stream_inline',
+         'stream_unary_inline', 'stream_stream_inline', 'unary_unary_event',
+         'unary_stream_event', 'stream_unary_event', 'stream_stream_event',])):
+  pass
+
+
+def unary_unary_inline(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a unary-unary RPC method as a callable value
+      that takes a request value and an face.ServicerContext object and
+      returns a response value.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY, style.Service.INLINE, behavior,
+      None, None, None, None, None, None, None)
+
+
+def unary_stream_inline(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a unary-stream RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes a request value and an face.ServicerContext object and
+      returns an iterator of response values.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM, style.Service.INLINE, None,
+      behavior, None, None, None, None, None, None)
+
+
+def stream_unary_inline(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a stream-unary RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes an iterator of request values and an
+      face.ServicerContext object and returns a response value.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY, style.Service.INLINE, None, None,
+      behavior, None, None, None, None, None)
+
+
+def stream_stream_inline(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a stream-stream RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes an iterator of request values and an
+      face.ServicerContext object and returns an iterator of response values.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM, style.Service.INLINE, None, None,
+      None, behavior, None, None, None, None)
+
+
+def unary_unary_event(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a unary-unary RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes a request value, a response callback to which to pass
+      the response value of the RPC, and an face.ServicerContext.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY, style.Service.EVENT, None, None,
+      None, None, behavior, None, None, None)
+
+
+def unary_stream_event(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a unary-stream RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes a request value, a stream.Consumer to which to pass the
+      the response values of the RPC, and an face.ServicerContext.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM, style.Service.EVENT, None, None,
+      None, None, None, behavior, None, None)
+
+
+def stream_unary_event(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a stream-unary RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes a response callback to which to pass the response value
+      of the RPC and an face.ServicerContext and returns a stream.Consumer to
+      which the request values of the RPC should be passed.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY, style.Service.EVENT, None, None,
+      None, None, None, None, behavior, None)
+
+
+def stream_stream_event(behavior):
+  """Creates an face.MethodImplementation for the given behavior.
+
+  Args:
+    behavior: The implementation of a stream-stream RPC method as a callable
+      value that takes a stream.Consumer to which to pass the response values
+      of the RPC and an face.ServicerContext and returns a stream.Consumer to
+      which the request values of the RPC should be passed.
+
+  Returns:
+    An face.MethodImplementation derived from the given behavior.
+  """
+  return _MethodImplementation(
+      cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM, style.Service.EVENT, None, None,
+      None, None, None, None, None, behavior)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/links/links.py b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/links/links.py
index 5ebbac8a6f..b98a30a399 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/links/links.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio/grpc/framework/interfaces/links/links.py
@@ -34,12 +34,30 @@ import collections
 import enum
 
 
+class Transport(collections.namedtuple('Transport', ('kind', 'value',))):
+  """A sum type for handles to an underlying transport system.
+
+  Attributes:
+    kind: A Kind value identifying the kind of value being passed to or from
+      the underlying transport.
+    value: The value being passed through RPC Framework between the high-level
+      application and the underlying transport.
+  """
+
+  @enum.unique
+  class Kind(enum.Enum):
+    CALL_OPTION = 'call option'
+    SERVICER_CONTEXT = 'servicer context'
+    INVOCATION_CONTEXT = 'invocation context'
+
+
 class Ticket(
     collections.namedtuple(
         'Ticket',
-        ['operation_id', 'sequence_number', 'group', 'method', 'subscription',
+        ('operation_id', 'sequence_number', 'group', 'method', 'subscription',
          'timeout', 'allowance', 'initial_metadata', 'payload',
-         'terminal_metadata', 'code', 'message', 'termination'])):
+         'terminal_metadata', 'code', 'message', 'termination',
+         'transport',))):
   """A sum type for all values sent from a front to a back.
 
   Attributes:
@@ -81,6 +99,8 @@ class Ticket(
     termination: A Termination value describing the end of the operation, or
       None if the operation has not yet terminated. If set, no further tickets
       may be sent in the same direction.
+    transport: A Transport value or None, with further semantics being a matter
+      between high-level application and underlying transport.
   """
 
   @enum.unique
@@ -98,7 +118,7 @@ class Ticket(
     COMPLETION = 'completion'
     CANCELLATION = 'cancellation'
     EXPIRATION = 'expiration'
-    LOCAL_SHUTDOWN = 'local shutdown'
+    SHUTDOWN = 'shutdown'
     RECEPTION_FAILURE = 'reception failure'
     TRANSMISSION_FAILURE = 'transmission failure'
     LOCAL_FAILURE = 'local failure'
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/client.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/client.py
index 2dd2103cbe..36afe6c096 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/client.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/client.py
@@ -70,7 +70,13 @@ def _oauth_access_token(args):
 
 def _stub(args):
   if args.oauth_scope:
-    metadata_transformer = lambda x: [('Authorization', 'Bearer %s' % _oauth_access_token(args))]
+    if args.test_case == 'oauth2_auth_token':
+      access_token = _oauth_access_token(args)
+      metadata_transformer = lambda x: [
+          ('Authorization', 'Bearer %s' % access_token)]
+    else:
+      metadata_transformer = lambda x: [
+          ('Authorization', 'Bearer %s' % _oauth_access_token(args))]
   else:
     metadata_transformer = lambda x: []
   if args.use_tls:
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/methods.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/methods.py
index 7a831f3cbd..642458e892 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/methods.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_interop/methods.py
@@ -360,6 +360,19 @@ def _service_account_creds(stub, args):
             (response.oauth_scope, args.oauth_scope))
 
 
+def _oauth2_auth_token(stub, args):
+  json_key_filename = os.environ[
+      oauth2client_client.GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS]
+  wanted_email = json.load(open(json_key_filename, 'rb'))['client_email']
+  response = _large_unary_common_behavior(stub, True, True)
+  if wanted_email != response.username:
+    raise ValueError(
+        'expected username %s, got %s' % (wanted_email, response.username))
+  if args.oauth_scope.find(response.oauth_scope) == -1:
+    raise ValueError(
+        'expected to find oauth scope "%s" in received "%s"' %
+            (response.oauth_scope, args.oauth_scope))
+
 @enum.unique
 class TestCase(enum.Enum):
   EMPTY_UNARY = 'empty_unary'
@@ -371,6 +384,7 @@ class TestCase(enum.Enum):
   CANCEL_AFTER_FIRST_RESPONSE = 'cancel_after_first_response'
   COMPUTE_ENGINE_CREDS = 'compute_engine_creds'
   SERVICE_ACCOUNT_CREDS = 'service_account_creds'
+  OAUTH2_AUTH_TOKEN = 'oauth2_auth_token'
   TIMEOUT_ON_SLEEPING_SERVER = 'timeout_on_sleeping_server'
 
   def test_interoperability(self, stub, args):
@@ -394,5 +408,7 @@ class TestCase(enum.Enum):
       _compute_engine_creds(stub, args)
     elif self is TestCase.SERVICE_ACCOUNT_CREDS:
       _service_account_creds(stub, args)
+    elif self is TestCase.OAUTH2_AUTH_TOKEN:
+      _oauth2_auth_token(stub, args)
     else:
       raise NotImplementedError('Test case "%s" not implemented!' % self.name)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_links_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_links_test.py
index c4686b327a..4077b8e350 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_links_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_links_test.py
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ _TIMEOUT = 32
 # TODO(nathaniel): End-to-end metadata testing.
 def _transform_metadata(unused_metadata):
   return (
-      ('one unused key', 'one unused value'),
-      ('another unused key', 'another unused value'),
+      ('one_unused_key', 'one unused value'),
+      ('another_unused_key', 'another unused value'),
 )
 
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_low_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_low_test.py
index 44fe760fbc..70149127da 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_low_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_adapter/_low_test.py
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ def wait_for_events(completion_queues, deadline):
   def set_ith_result(i, completion_queue):
     result = completion_queue.next(deadline)
     with lock:
-      print i, completion_queue, result, time.time() - deadline
       results[i] = result
   for i, completion_queue in enumerate(completion_queues):
     thread = threading.Thread(target=set_ith_result,
@@ -80,10 +79,12 @@ class InsecureServerInsecureClient(unittest.TestCase):
     del self.client_channel
 
     self.client_completion_queue.shutdown()
-    while self.client_completion_queue.next().type != _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN:
+    while (self.client_completion_queue.next().type !=
+           _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN):
       pass
     self.server_completion_queue.shutdown()
-    while self.server_completion_queue.next().type != _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN:
+    while (self.server_completion_queue.next().type !=
+           _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN):
       pass
 
     del self.client_completion_queue
@@ -91,58 +92,68 @@ class InsecureServerInsecureClient(unittest.TestCase):
     del self.server
 
   def testEcho(self):
-    DEADLINE = time.time()+5
-    DEADLINE_TOLERANCE = 0.25
-    CLIENT_METADATA_ASCII_KEY = 'key'
-    CLIENT_METADATA_ASCII_VALUE = 'val'
-    CLIENT_METADATA_BIN_KEY = 'key-bin'
-    CLIENT_METADATA_BIN_VALUE = b'\0'*1000
-    SERVER_INITIAL_METADATA_KEY = 'init_me_me_me'
-    SERVER_INITIAL_METADATA_VALUE = 'whodawha?'
-    SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_KEY = 'california_is_in_a_drought'
-    SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_VALUE = 'zomg it is'
-    SERVER_STATUS_CODE = _types.StatusCode.OK
-    SERVER_STATUS_DETAILS = 'our work is never over'
-    REQUEST = 'in death a member of project mayhem has a name'
-    RESPONSE = 'his name is robert paulson'
-    METHOD = 'twinkies'
-    HOST = 'hostess'
+    deadline = time.time() + 5
+    event_time_tolerance = 2
+    deadline_tolerance = 0.25
+    client_metadata_ascii_key = 'key'
+    client_metadata_ascii_value = 'val'
+    client_metadata_bin_key = 'key-bin'
+    client_metadata_bin_value = b'\0'*1000
+    server_initial_metadata_key = 'init_me_me_me'
+    server_initial_metadata_value = 'whodawha?'
+    server_trailing_metadata_key = 'california_is_in_a_drought'
+    server_trailing_metadata_value = 'zomg it is'
+    server_status_code = _types.StatusCode.OK
+    server_status_details = 'our work is never over'
+    request = 'blarghaflargh'
+    response = 'his name is robert paulson'
+    method = 'twinkies'
+    host = 'hostess'
     server_request_tag = object()
-    request_call_result = self.server.request_call(self.server_completion_queue, server_request_tag)
+    request_call_result = self.server.request_call(self.server_completion_queue,
+                                                   server_request_tag)
 
-    self.assertEquals(_types.CallError.OK, request_call_result)
+    self.assertEqual(_types.CallError.OK, request_call_result)
 
     client_call_tag = object()
-    client_call = self.client_channel.create_call(self.client_completion_queue, METHOD, HOST, DEADLINE)
-    client_initial_metadata = [(CLIENT_METADATA_ASCII_KEY, CLIENT_METADATA_ASCII_VALUE), (CLIENT_METADATA_BIN_KEY, CLIENT_METADATA_BIN_VALUE)]
+    client_call = self.client_channel.create_call(
+        self.client_completion_queue, method, host, deadline)
+    client_initial_metadata = [
+        (client_metadata_ascii_key, client_metadata_ascii_value),
+        (client_metadata_bin_key, client_metadata_bin_value)
+    ]
     client_start_batch_result = client_call.start_batch([
         _types.OpArgs.send_initial_metadata(client_initial_metadata),
-        _types.OpArgs.send_message(REQUEST, 0),
+        _types.OpArgs.send_message(request, 0),
         _types.OpArgs.send_close_from_client(),
         _types.OpArgs.recv_initial_metadata(),
         _types.OpArgs.recv_message(),
         _types.OpArgs.recv_status_on_client()
     ], client_call_tag)
-    self.assertEquals(_types.CallError.OK, client_start_batch_result)
+    self.assertEqual(_types.CallError.OK, client_start_batch_result)
 
-    client_no_event, request_event, = wait_for_events([self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue], time.time() + 2)
-    self.assertEquals(client_no_event, None)
-    self.assertEquals(_types.EventType.OP_COMPLETE, request_event.type)
+    client_no_event, request_event, = wait_for_events(
+        [self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue],
+        time.time() + event_time_tolerance)
+    self.assertEqual(client_no_event, None)
+    self.assertEqual(_types.EventType.OP_COMPLETE, request_event.type)
     self.assertIsInstance(request_event.call, _low.Call)
     self.assertIs(server_request_tag, request_event.tag)
-    self.assertEquals(1, len(request_event.results))
+    self.assertEqual(1, len(request_event.results))
     received_initial_metadata = dict(request_event.results[0].initial_metadata)
     # Check that our metadata were transmitted
-    self.assertEquals(
+    self.assertEqual(
         dict(client_initial_metadata),
-        dict((x, received_initial_metadata[x]) for x in zip(*client_initial_metadata)[0]))
+        dict((x, received_initial_metadata[x])
+             for x in zip(*client_initial_metadata)[0]))
     # Check that Python's user agent string is a part of the full user agent
     # string
     self.assertIn('Python-gRPC-{}'.format(_grpcio_metadata.__version__),
                   received_initial_metadata['user-agent'])
-    self.assertEquals(METHOD, request_event.call_details.method)
-    self.assertEquals(HOST, request_event.call_details.host)
-    self.assertLess(abs(DEADLINE - request_event.call_details.deadline), DEADLINE_TOLERANCE)
+    self.assertEqual(method, request_event.call_details.method)
+    self.assertEqual(host, request_event.call_details.host)
+    self.assertLess(abs(deadline - request_event.call_details.deadline),
+                    deadline_tolerance)
 
     # Check that the channel is connected, and that both it and the call have
     # the proper target and peer; do this after the first flurry of messages to
@@ -155,33 +166,43 @@ class InsecureServerInsecureClient(unittest.TestCase):
 
     server_call_tag = object()
     server_call = request_event.call
-    server_initial_metadata = [(SERVER_INITIAL_METADATA_KEY, SERVER_INITIAL_METADATA_VALUE)]
-    server_trailing_metadata = [(SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_KEY, SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_VALUE)]
+    server_initial_metadata = [
+        (server_initial_metadata_key, server_initial_metadata_value)
+    ]
+    server_trailing_metadata = [
+        (server_trailing_metadata_key, server_trailing_metadata_value)
+    ]
     server_start_batch_result = server_call.start_batch([
         _types.OpArgs.send_initial_metadata(server_initial_metadata),
         _types.OpArgs.recv_message(),
-        _types.OpArgs.send_message(RESPONSE, 0),
+        _types.OpArgs.send_message(response, 0),
         _types.OpArgs.recv_close_on_server(),
-        _types.OpArgs.send_status_from_server(server_trailing_metadata, SERVER_STATUS_CODE, SERVER_STATUS_DETAILS)
+        _types.OpArgs.send_status_from_server(
+            server_trailing_metadata, server_status_code, server_status_details)
     ], server_call_tag)
-    self.assertEquals(_types.CallError.OK, server_start_batch_result)
+    self.assertEqual(_types.CallError.OK, server_start_batch_result)
 
-    client_event, server_event, = wait_for_events([self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue], time.time() + 1)
+    client_event, server_event, = wait_for_events(
+        [self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue],
+        time.time() + event_time_tolerance)
 
-    self.assertEquals(6, len(client_event.results))
+    self.assertEqual(6, len(client_event.results))
     found_client_op_types = set()
     for client_result in client_event.results:
-      self.assertNotIn(client_result.type, found_client_op_types)  # we expect each op type to be unique
+      # we expect each op type to be unique
+      self.assertNotIn(client_result.type, found_client_op_types)
       found_client_op_types.add(client_result.type)
       if client_result.type == _types.OpType.RECV_INITIAL_METADATA:
-        self.assertEquals(dict(server_initial_metadata), dict(client_result.initial_metadata))
+        self.assertEqual(dict(server_initial_metadata),
+                         dict(client_result.initial_metadata))
       elif client_result.type == _types.OpType.RECV_MESSAGE:
-        self.assertEquals(RESPONSE, client_result.message)
+        self.assertEqual(response, client_result.message)
       elif client_result.type == _types.OpType.RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT:
-        self.assertEquals(dict(server_trailing_metadata), dict(client_result.trailing_metadata))
-        self.assertEquals(SERVER_STATUS_DETAILS, client_result.status.details)
-        self.assertEquals(SERVER_STATUS_CODE, client_result.status.code)
-    self.assertEquals(set([
+        self.assertEqual(dict(server_trailing_metadata),
+                         dict(client_result.trailing_metadata))
+        self.assertEqual(server_status_details, client_result.status.details)
+        self.assertEqual(server_status_code, client_result.status.code)
+    self.assertEqual(set([
           _types.OpType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA,
           _types.OpType.SEND_MESSAGE,
           _types.OpType.SEND_CLOSE_FROM_CLIENT,
@@ -190,16 +211,16 @@ class InsecureServerInsecureClient(unittest.TestCase):
           _types.OpType.RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT
       ]), found_client_op_types)
 
-    self.assertEquals(5, len(server_event.results))
+    self.assertEqual(5, len(server_event.results))
     found_server_op_types = set()
     for server_result in server_event.results:
       self.assertNotIn(client_result.type, found_server_op_types)
       found_server_op_types.add(server_result.type)
       if server_result.type == _types.OpType.RECV_MESSAGE:
-        self.assertEquals(REQUEST, server_result.message)
+        self.assertEqual(request, server_result.message)
       elif server_result.type == _types.OpType.RECV_CLOSE_ON_SERVER:
         self.assertFalse(server_result.cancelled)
-    self.assertEquals(set([
+    self.assertEqual(set([
           _types.OpType.SEND_INITIAL_METADATA,
           _types.OpType.RECV_MESSAGE,
           _types.OpType.SEND_MESSAGE,
@@ -211,5 +232,81 @@ class InsecureServerInsecureClient(unittest.TestCase):
     del server_call
 
 
+class HangingServerShutdown(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def setUp(self):
+    self.server_completion_queue = _low.CompletionQueue()
+    self.server = _low.Server(self.server_completion_queue, [])
+    self.port = self.server.add_http2_port('[::]:0')
+    self.client_completion_queue = _low.CompletionQueue()
+    self.client_channel = _low.Channel('localhost:%d'%self.port, [])
+
+    self.server.start()
+
+  def tearDown(self):
+    self.server.shutdown()
+    del self.client_channel
+
+    self.client_completion_queue.shutdown()
+    self.server_completion_queue.shutdown()
+    while True:
+      client_event, server_event = wait_for_events(
+          [self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue],
+          float("+inf"))
+      if (client_event.type == _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN and
+          server_event.type == _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN):
+        break
+
+    del self.client_completion_queue
+    del self.server_completion_queue
+    del self.server
+
+  def testHangingServerCall(self):
+    deadline = time.time() + 5
+    deadline_tolerance = 0.25
+    event_time_tolerance = 2
+    cancel_all_calls_time_tolerance = 0.5
+    request = 'blarghaflargh'
+    method = 'twinkies'
+    host = 'hostess'
+    server_request_tag = object()
+    request_call_result = self.server.request_call(self.server_completion_queue,
+                                                   server_request_tag)
+
+    client_call_tag = object()
+    client_call = self.client_channel.create_call(self.client_completion_queue,
+                                                  method, host, deadline)
+    client_start_batch_result = client_call.start_batch([
+        _types.OpArgs.send_initial_metadata([]),
+        _types.OpArgs.send_message(request, 0),
+        _types.OpArgs.send_close_from_client(),
+        _types.OpArgs.recv_initial_metadata(),
+        _types.OpArgs.recv_message(),
+        _types.OpArgs.recv_status_on_client()
+    ], client_call_tag)
+
+    client_no_event, request_event, = wait_for_events(
+        [self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue],
+        time.time() + event_time_tolerance)
+
+    # Now try to shutdown the server and expect that we see server shutdown
+    # almost immediately after calling cancel_all_calls.
+    with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+      self.server.cancel_all_calls()
+    shutdown_tag = object()
+    self.server.shutdown(shutdown_tag)
+    pre_cancel_timestamp = time.time()
+    self.server.cancel_all_calls()
+    finish_shutdown_timestamp = None
+    client_call_event, server_shutdown_event = wait_for_events(
+        [self.client_completion_queue, self.server_completion_queue],
+        time.time() + event_time_tolerance)
+    self.assertIs(shutdown_tag, server_shutdown_event.tag)
+    self.assertGreater(pre_cancel_timestamp + cancel_all_calls_time_tolerance,
+                       time.time())
+
+    del client_call
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
   unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_core_over_links_base_interface_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_core_over_links_base_interface_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7fa90fe35f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_core_over_links_base_interface_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tests Base interface compliance of the core-over-gRPC-links stack."""
+
+import collections
+import logging
+import random
+import time
+import unittest
+
+from grpc._adapter import _intermediary_low
+from grpc._links import invocation
+from grpc._links import service
+from grpc.framework.core import implementations
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import utilities
+from grpc_test import test_common as grpc_test_common
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.base import test_cases
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.base import test_interfaces
+
+_INVOCATION_INITIAL_METADATA = ((b'0', b'abc'), (b'1', b'def'), (b'2', b'ghi'),)
+_SERVICE_INITIAL_METADATA = ((b'3', b'jkl'), (b'4', b'mno'), (b'5', b'pqr'),)
+_SERVICE_TERMINAL_METADATA = ((b'6', b'stu'), (b'7', b'vwx'), (b'8', b'yza'),)
+_CODE = _intermediary_low.Code.OK
+_MESSAGE = b'test message'
+
+
+class _SerializationBehaviors(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_SerializationBehaviors',
+        ('request_serializers', 'request_deserializers', 'response_serializers',
+         'response_deserializers',))):
+  pass
+
+
+class _Links(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_Links',
+        ('invocation_end_link', 'invocation_grpc_link', 'service_grpc_link',
+         'service_end_link'))):
+  pass
+
+
+def _serialization_behaviors_from_serializations(serializations):
+  request_serializers = {}
+  request_deserializers = {}
+  response_serializers = {}
+  response_deserializers = {}
+  for (group, method), serialization in serializations.iteritems():
+    request_serializers[group, method] = serialization.serialize_request
+    request_deserializers[group, method] = serialization.deserialize_request
+    response_serializers[group, method] = serialization.serialize_response
+    response_deserializers[group, method] = serialization.deserialize_response
+  return _SerializationBehaviors(
+      request_serializers, request_deserializers, response_serializers,
+      response_deserializers)
+
+
+class _Implementation(test_interfaces.Implementation):
+
+  def instantiate(self, serializations, servicer):
+    serialization_behaviors = _serialization_behaviors_from_serializations(
+        serializations)
+    invocation_end_link = implementations.invocation_end_link()
+    service_end_link = implementations.service_end_link(
+        servicer, test_constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        test_constants.MAXIMUM_TIMEOUT)
+    service_grpc_link = service.service_link(
+        serialization_behaviors.request_deserializers,
+        serialization_behaviors.response_serializers)
+    port = service_grpc_link.add_port(0, None)
+    channel = _intermediary_low.Channel('localhost:%d' % port, None)
+    invocation_grpc_link = invocation.invocation_link(
+        channel, b'localhost',
+        serialization_behaviors.request_serializers,
+        serialization_behaviors.response_deserializers)
+
+    invocation_end_link.join_link(invocation_grpc_link)
+    invocation_grpc_link.join_link(invocation_end_link)
+    service_end_link.join_link(service_grpc_link)
+    service_grpc_link.join_link(service_end_link)
+    invocation_grpc_link.start()
+    service_grpc_link.start()
+    return invocation_end_link, service_end_link, (
+        invocation_grpc_link, service_grpc_link)
+
+  def destantiate(self, memo):
+    invocation_grpc_link, service_grpc_link = memo
+    invocation_grpc_link.stop()
+    service_grpc_link.stop_gracefully()
+
+  def invocation_initial_metadata(self):
+    return _INVOCATION_INITIAL_METADATA
+
+  def service_initial_metadata(self):
+    return _SERVICE_INITIAL_METADATA
+
+  def invocation_completion(self):
+    return utilities.completion(None, None, None)
+
+  def service_completion(self):
+    return utilities.completion(_SERVICE_TERMINAL_METADATA, _CODE, _MESSAGE)
+
+  def metadata_transmitted(self, original_metadata, transmitted_metadata):
+    return original_metadata is None or grpc_test_common.metadata_transmitted(
+        original_metadata, transmitted_metadata)
+
+  def completion_transmitted(self, original_completion, transmitted_completion):
+    if (original_completion.terminal_metadata is not None and
+        not grpc_test_common.metadata_transmitted(
+            original_completion.terminal_metadata,
+            transmitted_completion.terminal_metadata)):
+        return False
+    elif original_completion.code is not transmitted_completion.code:
+      return False
+    elif original_completion.message != transmitted_completion.message:
+      return False
+    else:
+      return True
+
+
+def setUpModule():
+  logging.warn('setUpModule!')
+
+
+def tearDownModule():
+  logging.warn('tearDownModule!')
+
+
+def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
+  return unittest.TestSuite(
+      tests=tuple(
+          loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(test_case_class)
+          for test_case_class in test_cases.test_cases(_Implementation())))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_crust_over_core_over_links_face_interface_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_crust_over_core_over_links_face_interface_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25b99cbbaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_crust_over_core_over_links_face_interface_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tests Face compliance of the crust-over-core-over-gRPC-links stack."""
+
+import collections
+import unittest
+
+from grpc._adapter import _intermediary_low
+from grpc._links import invocation
+from grpc._links import service
+from grpc.framework.core import implementations as core_implementations
+from grpc.framework.crust import implementations as crust_implementations
+from grpc.framework.foundation import logging_pool
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import utilities
+from grpc_test import test_common
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_cases
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.links import test_utilities
+
+
+class _SerializationBehaviors(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_SerializationBehaviors',
+        ('request_serializers', 'request_deserializers', 'response_serializers',
+         'response_deserializers',))):
+  pass
+
+
+def _serialization_behaviors_from_test_methods(test_methods):
+  request_serializers = {}
+  request_deserializers = {}
+  response_serializers = {}
+  response_deserializers = {}
+  for (group, method), test_method in test_methods.iteritems():
+    request_serializers[group, method] = test_method.serialize_request
+    request_deserializers[group, method] = test_method.deserialize_request
+    response_serializers[group, method] = test_method.serialize_response
+    response_deserializers[group, method] = test_method.deserialize_response
+  return _SerializationBehaviors(
+      request_serializers, request_deserializers, response_serializers,
+      response_deserializers)
+
+
+class _Implementation(test_interfaces.Implementation):
+
+  def instantiate(
+      self, methods, method_implementations, multi_method_implementation):
+    pool = logging_pool.pool(test_constants.POOL_SIZE)
+    servicer = crust_implementations.servicer(
+        method_implementations, multi_method_implementation, pool)
+    serialization_behaviors = _serialization_behaviors_from_test_methods(
+        methods)
+    invocation_end_link = core_implementations.invocation_end_link()
+    service_end_link = core_implementations.service_end_link(
+        servicer, test_constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        test_constants.MAXIMUM_TIMEOUT)
+    service_grpc_link = service.service_link(
+        serialization_behaviors.request_deserializers,
+        serialization_behaviors.response_serializers)
+    port = service_grpc_link.add_port(0, None)
+    channel = _intermediary_low.Channel('localhost:%d' % port, None)
+    invocation_grpc_link = invocation.invocation_link(
+        channel, b'localhost',
+        serialization_behaviors.request_serializers,
+        serialization_behaviors.response_deserializers)
+
+    invocation_end_link.join_link(invocation_grpc_link)
+    invocation_grpc_link.join_link(invocation_end_link)
+    service_grpc_link.join_link(service_end_link)
+    service_end_link.join_link(service_grpc_link)
+    service_end_link.start()
+    invocation_end_link.start()
+    invocation_grpc_link.start()
+    service_grpc_link.start()
+
+    generic_stub = crust_implementations.generic_stub(invocation_end_link, pool)
+    # TODO(nathaniel): Add a "groups" attribute to _digest.TestServiceDigest.
+    group = next(iter(methods))[0]
+    # TODO(nathaniel): Add a "cardinalities_by_group" attribute to
+    # _digest.TestServiceDigest.
+    cardinalities = {
+        method: method_object.cardinality()
+        for (group, method), method_object in methods.iteritems()}
+    dynamic_stub = crust_implementations.dynamic_stub(
+        invocation_end_link, group, cardinalities, pool)
+
+    return generic_stub, {group: dynamic_stub}, (
+        invocation_end_link, invocation_grpc_link, service_grpc_link,
+        service_end_link, pool)
+
+  def destantiate(self, memo):
+    (invocation_end_link, invocation_grpc_link, service_grpc_link,
+     service_end_link, pool) = memo
+    invocation_end_link.stop(0).wait()
+    invocation_grpc_link.stop()
+    service_grpc_link.stop_gracefully()
+    service_end_link.stop(0).wait()
+    invocation_end_link.join_link(utilities.NULL_LINK)
+    invocation_grpc_link.join_link(utilities.NULL_LINK)
+    service_grpc_link.join_link(utilities.NULL_LINK)
+    service_end_link.join_link(utilities.NULL_LINK)
+    pool.shutdown(wait=True)
+
+  def invocation_metadata(self):
+    return test_common.INVOCATION_INITIAL_METADATA
+
+  def initial_metadata(self):
+    return test_common.SERVICE_INITIAL_METADATA
+
+  def terminal_metadata(self):
+    return test_common.SERVICE_TERMINAL_METADATA
+
+  def code(self):
+    return _intermediary_low.Code.OK
+
+  def details(self):
+    return test_common.DETAILS
+
+  def metadata_transmitted(self, original_metadata, transmitted_metadata):
+    return original_metadata is None or grpc_test_common.metadata_transmitted(
+        original_metadata, transmitted_metadata)
+
+
+def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
+  return unittest.TestSuite(
+      tests=tuple(
+          loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(test_case_class)
+          for test_case_class in test_cases.test_cases(_Implementation())))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_cython/adapter_low_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_cython/adapter_low_test.py
index 9bab930e56..f1bec238cf 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_cython/adapter_low_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_cython/adapter_low_test.py
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class InsecureServerInsecureClient(unittest.TestCase):
     CLIENT_METADATA_BIN_VALUE = b'\0'*1000
     SERVER_INITIAL_METADATA_KEY = 'init_me_me_me'
     SERVER_INITIAL_METADATA_VALUE = 'whodawha?'
-    SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_KEY = 'California_is_in_a_drought'
+    SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_KEY = 'california_is_in_a_drought'
     SERVER_TRAILING_METADATA_VALUE = 'zomg it is'
     SERVER_STATUS_CODE = _types.StatusCode.OK
     SERVER_STATUS_DETAILS = 'our work is never over'
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_lonely_invocation_link_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_lonely_invocation_link_test.py
index abe240e07a..373a2b2a1f 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_lonely_invocation_link_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_lonely_invocation_link_test.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class LonelyInvocationLinkTest(unittest.TestCase):
     ticket = links.Ticket(
         test_operation_id, 0, test_group, test_method,
         links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL, test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT, 1, None,
-        None, None, None, None, termination)
+        None, None, None, None, termination, None)
     invocation_link.accept_ticket(ticket)
     invocation_link_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(test_cases.terminated)
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_transmission_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_transmission_test.py
index 9cdc9620f0..db011bca66 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_transmission_test.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/_links/_transmission_test.py
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ class TransmissionTest(test_cases.TransmissionTest, unittest.TestCase):
 
   def create_invocation_initial_metadata(self):
     return (
-        ('first invocation initial metadata key', 'just a string value'),
-        ('second invocation initial metadata key', '0123456789'),
-        ('third invocation initial metadata key-bin', '\x00\x57' * 100),
+        ('first_invocation_initial_metadata_key', 'just a string value'),
+        ('second_invocation_initial_metadata_key', '0123456789'),
+        ('third_invocation_initial_metadata_key-bin', '\x00\x57' * 100),
     )
 
   def create_invocation_terminal_metadata(self):
@@ -76,16 +76,16 @@ class TransmissionTest(test_cases.TransmissionTest, unittest.TestCase):
 
   def create_service_initial_metadata(self):
     return (
-        ('first service initial metadata key', 'just another string value'),
-        ('second service initial metadata key', '9876543210'),
-        ('third service initial metadata key-bin', '\x00\x59\x02' * 100),
+        ('first_service_initial_metadata_key', 'just another string value'),
+        ('second_service_initial_metadata_key', '9876543210'),
+        ('third_service_initial_metadata_key-bin', '\x00\x59\x02' * 100),
     )
 
   def create_service_terminal_metadata(self):
     return (
-        ('first service terminal metadata key', 'yet another string value'),
-        ('second service terminal metadata key', 'abcdefghij'),
-        ('third service terminal metadata key-bin', '\x00\x37' * 100),
+        ('first_service_terminal_metadata_key', 'yet another string value'),
+        ('second_service_terminal_metadata_key', 'abcdefghij'),
+        ('third_service_terminal_metadata_key-bin', '\x00\x37' * 100),
     )
 
   def create_invocation_completion(self):
@@ -128,14 +128,14 @@ class RoundTripTest(unittest.TestCase):
     invocation_ticket = links.Ticket(
         test_operation_id, 0, test_group, test_method,
         links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT, None, None,
-        None, None, None, None, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+        None, None, None, None, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, None)
     invocation_link.accept_ticket(invocation_ticket)
     service_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(test_cases.terminated)
 
     service_ticket = links.Ticket(
         service_mate.tickets()[-1].operation_id, 0, None, None, None, None,
         None, None, None, None, test_code, test_message,
-        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, None)
     service_link.accept_ticket(service_ticket)
     invocation_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(test_cases.terminated)
 
@@ -174,33 +174,34 @@ class RoundTripTest(unittest.TestCase):
     invocation_ticket = links.Ticket(
         test_operation_id, 0, test_group, test_method,
         links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT, None, None,
-        None, None, None, None, None)
+        None, None, None, None, None, None)
     invocation_link.accept_ticket(invocation_ticket)
     requests = scenario.requests()
     for request_index, request in enumerate(requests):
       request_ticket = links.Ticket(
           test_operation_id, 1 + request_index, None, None, None, None, 1, None,
-          request, None, None, None, None)
+          request, None, None, None, None, None)
       invocation_link.accept_ticket(request_ticket)
       service_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(
           test_cases.at_least_n_payloads_received_predicate(1 + request_index))
       response_ticket = links.Ticket(
           service_mate.tickets()[0].operation_id, request_index, None, None,
           None, None, 1, None, scenario.response_for_request(request), None,
-          None, None, None)
+          None, None, None, None)
       service_link.accept_ticket(response_ticket)
       invocation_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(
           test_cases.at_least_n_payloads_received_predicate(1 + request_index))
     request_count = len(requests)
     invocation_completion_ticket = links.Ticket(
         test_operation_id, request_count + 1, None, None, None, None, None,
-        None, None, None, None, None, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+        None, None, None, None, None, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION,
+        None)
     invocation_link.accept_ticket(invocation_completion_ticket)
     service_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(test_cases.terminated)
     service_completion_ticket = links.Ticket(
         service_mate.tickets()[0].operation_id, request_count, None, None, None,
         None, None, None, None, None, test_code, test_message,
-        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, None)
     service_link.accept_ticket(service_completion_ticket)
     invocation_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(test_cases.terminated)
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7086519106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/_connectivity_channel_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/_connectivity_channel_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..038464889d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/_connectivity_channel_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tests of grpc.beta._connectivity_channel."""
+
+import threading
+import time
+import unittest
+
+from grpc._adapter import _low
+from grpc._adapter import _types
+from grpc.beta import _connectivity_channel
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+
+_MAPPING_FUNCTION = lambda integer: integer * 200 + 17
+_MAPPING = {
+    state: _MAPPING_FUNCTION(state) for state in _types.ConnectivityState}
+_IDLE, _CONNECTING, _READY, _TRANSIENT_FAILURE, _FATAL_FAILURE = map(
+    _MAPPING_FUNCTION, _types.ConnectivityState)
+
+
+def _drive_completion_queue(completion_queue):
+  while True:
+    event = completion_queue.next(time.time() + 24 * 60 * 60)
+    if event.type == _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN:
+      break
+
+
+class _Callback(object):
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._condition = threading.Condition()
+    self._connectivities = []
+
+  def update(self, connectivity):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._connectivities.append(connectivity)
+      self._condition.notify()
+
+  def connectivities(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return tuple(self._connectivities)
+
+  def block_until_connectivities_satisfy(self, predicate):
+    with self._condition:
+      while True:
+        connectivities = tuple(self._connectivities)
+        if predicate(connectivities):
+          return connectivities
+        else:
+          self._condition.wait()
+
+
+class ChannelConnectivityTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def test_lonely_channel_connectivity(self):
+    low_channel = _low.Channel('localhost:12345', ())
+    callback = _Callback()
+
+    connectivity_channel = _connectivity_channel.ConnectivityChannel(
+        low_channel, _MAPPING)
+    connectivity_channel.subscribe(callback.update, try_to_connect=False)
+    first_connectivities = callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(bool)
+    connectivity_channel.subscribe(callback.update, try_to_connect=True)
+    second_connectivities = callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        lambda connectivities: 2 <= len(connectivities))
+    # Wait for a connection that will never happen.
+    time.sleep(test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+    third_connectivities = callback.connectivities()
+    connectivity_channel.unsubscribe(callback.update)
+    fourth_connectivities = callback.connectivities()
+    connectivity_channel.unsubscribe(callback.update)
+    fifth_connectivities = callback.connectivities()
+
+    self.assertSequenceEqual((_IDLE,), first_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_READY, second_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_READY, third_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_READY, fourth_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_READY, fifth_connectivities)
+
+  def test_immediately_connectable_channel_connectivity(self):
+    server_completion_queue = _low.CompletionQueue()
+    server = _low.Server(server_completion_queue, [])
+    port = server.add_http2_port('[::]:0')
+    server.start()
+    server_completion_queue_thread = threading.Thread(
+        target=_drive_completion_queue, args=(server_completion_queue,))
+    server_completion_queue_thread.start()
+    low_channel = _low.Channel('localhost:%d' % port, ())
+    first_callback = _Callback()
+    second_callback = _Callback()
+
+    connectivity_channel = _connectivity_channel.ConnectivityChannel(
+        low_channel, _MAPPING)
+    connectivity_channel.subscribe(first_callback.update, try_to_connect=False)
+    first_connectivities = first_callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        bool)
+    # Wait for a connection that will never happen because try_to_connect=True
+    # has not yet been passed.
+    time.sleep(test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+    second_connectivities = first_callback.connectivities()
+    connectivity_channel.subscribe(second_callback.update, try_to_connect=True)
+    third_connectivities = first_callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        lambda connectivities: 2 <= len(connectivities))
+    fourth_connectivities = second_callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        bool)
+    # Wait for a connection that will happen (or may already have happened).
+    first_callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        lambda connectivities: _READY in connectivities)
+    second_callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        lambda connectivities: _READY in connectivities)
+    connectivity_channel.unsubscribe(first_callback.update)
+    connectivity_channel.unsubscribe(second_callback.update)
+
+    server.shutdown()
+    server_completion_queue.shutdown()
+    server_completion_queue_thread.join()
+
+    self.assertSequenceEqual((_IDLE,), first_connectivities)
+    self.assertSequenceEqual((_IDLE,), second_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_TRANSIENT_FAILURE, third_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_FATAL_FAILURE, third_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_TRANSIENT_FAILURE, fourth_connectivities)
+    self.assertNotIn(_FATAL_FAILURE, fourth_connectivities)
+
+  def test_reachable_then_unreachable_channel_connectivity(self):
+    server_completion_queue = _low.CompletionQueue()
+    server = _low.Server(server_completion_queue, [])
+    port = server.add_http2_port('[::]:0')
+    server.start()
+    server_completion_queue_thread = threading.Thread(
+        target=_drive_completion_queue, args=(server_completion_queue,))
+    server_completion_queue_thread.start()
+    low_channel = _low.Channel('localhost:%d' % port, ())
+    callback = _Callback()
+
+    connectivity_channel = _connectivity_channel.ConnectivityChannel(
+        low_channel, _MAPPING)
+    connectivity_channel.subscribe(callback.update, try_to_connect=True)
+    callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        lambda connectivities: _READY in connectivities)
+    # Now take down the server and confirm that channel readiness is repudiated.
+    server.shutdown()
+    callback.block_until_connectivities_satisfy(
+        lambda connectivities: connectivities[-1] is not _READY)
+    connectivity_channel.unsubscribe(callback.update)
+
+    server.shutdown()
+    server_completion_queue.shutdown()
+    server_completion_queue_thread.join()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/_utilities_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/_utilities_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..998e74ccf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/beta/_utilities_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tests of grpc.beta.utilities."""
+
+import threading
+import time
+import unittest
+
+from grpc._adapter import _low
+from grpc._adapter import _types
+from grpc.beta import beta
+from grpc.beta import utilities
+from grpc.framework.foundation import future
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+
+
+def _drive_completion_queue(completion_queue):
+  while True:
+    event = completion_queue.next(time.time() + 24 * 60 * 60)
+    if event.type == _types.EventType.QUEUE_SHUTDOWN:
+      break
+
+
+class _Callback(object):
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._condition = threading.Condition()
+    self._value = None
+
+  def accept_value(self, value):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._value = value
+      self._condition.notify_all()
+
+  def block_until_called(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while self._value is None:
+        self._condition.wait()
+      return self._value
+
+
+class ChannelConnectivityTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def test_lonely_channel_connectivity(self):
+    channel = beta.create_insecure_channel('localhost', 12345)
+    callback = _Callback()
+
+    ready_future = utilities.channel_ready_future(channel)
+    ready_future.add_done_callback(callback.accept_value)
+    with self.assertRaises(future.TimeoutError):
+      ready_future.result(test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+    self.assertFalse(ready_future.cancelled())
+    self.assertFalse(ready_future.done())
+    self.assertTrue(ready_future.running())
+    ready_future.cancel()
+    value_passed_to_callback = callback.block_until_called()
+    self.assertIs(ready_future, value_passed_to_callback)
+    self.assertTrue(ready_future.cancelled())
+    self.assertTrue(ready_future.done())
+    self.assertFalse(ready_future.running())
+
+  def test_immediately_connectable_channel_connectivity(self):
+    server_completion_queue = _low.CompletionQueue()
+    server = _low.Server(server_completion_queue, [])
+    port = server.add_http2_port('[::]:0')
+    server.start()
+    server_completion_queue_thread = threading.Thread(
+        target=_drive_completion_queue, args=(server_completion_queue,))
+    server_completion_queue_thread.start()
+    channel = beta.create_insecure_channel('localhost', port)
+    callback = _Callback()
+
+    try:
+      ready_future = utilities.channel_ready_future(channel)
+      ready_future.add_done_callback(callback.accept_value)
+      self.assertIsNone(
+          ready_future.result(test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT))
+      value_passed_to_callback = callback.block_until_called()
+      self.assertIs(ready_future, value_passed_to_callback)
+      self.assertFalse(ready_future.cancelled())
+      self.assertTrue(ready_future.done())
+      self.assertFalse(ready_future.running())
+      # Cancellation after maturity has no effect.
+      ready_future.cancel()
+      self.assertFalse(ready_future.cancelled())
+      self.assertTrue(ready_future.done())
+      self.assertFalse(ready_future.running())
+    finally:
+      ready_future.cancel()
+      server.shutdown()
+      server_completion_queue.shutdown()
+      server_completion_queue_thread.join()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/_crust_over_core_face_interface_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/_crust_over_core_face_interface_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30bb85f6c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/_crust_over_core_face_interface_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tests Face interface compliance of the crust-over-core stack."""
+
+import collections
+import unittest
+
+from grpc.framework.core import implementations as core_implementations
+from grpc.framework.crust import implementations as crust_implementations
+from grpc.framework.foundation import logging_pool
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import utilities
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_cases
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.links import test_utilities
+
+
+class _Implementation(test_interfaces.Implementation):
+
+  def instantiate(
+      self, methods, method_implementations, multi_method_implementation):
+    pool = logging_pool.pool(test_constants.POOL_SIZE)
+    servicer = crust_implementations.servicer(
+        method_implementations, multi_method_implementation, pool)
+
+    service_end_link = core_implementations.service_end_link(
+        servicer, test_constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        test_constants.MAXIMUM_TIMEOUT)
+    invocation_end_link = core_implementations.invocation_end_link()
+    invocation_end_link.join_link(service_end_link)
+    service_end_link.join_link(invocation_end_link)
+    service_end_link.start()
+    invocation_end_link.start()
+
+    generic_stub = crust_implementations.generic_stub(invocation_end_link, pool)
+    # TODO(nathaniel): Add a "groups" attribute to _digest.TestServiceDigest.
+    group = next(iter(methods))[0]
+    # TODO(nathaniel): Add a "cardinalities_by_group" attribute to
+    # _digest.TestServiceDigest.
+    cardinalities = {
+        method: method_object.cardinality()
+        for (group, method), method_object in methods.iteritems()}
+    dynamic_stub = crust_implementations.dynamic_stub(
+        invocation_end_link, group, cardinalities, pool)
+
+    return generic_stub, {group: dynamic_stub}, (
+        invocation_end_link, service_end_link, pool)
+
+  def destantiate(self, memo):
+    invocation_end_link, service_end_link, pool = memo
+    invocation_end_link.stop(0).wait()
+    service_end_link.stop(0).wait()
+    invocation_end_link.join_link(utilities.NULL_LINK)
+    service_end_link.join_link(utilities.NULL_LINK)
+    pool.shutdown(wait=True)
+
+  def invocation_metadata(self):
+    return object()
+
+  def initial_metadata(self):
+    return object()
+
+  def terminal_metadata(self):
+    return object()
+
+  def code(self):
+    return object()
+
+  def details(self):
+    return object()
+
+  def metadata_transmitted(self, original_metadata, transmitted_metadata):
+    return original_metadata is transmitted_metadata
+
+
+def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
+  return unittest.TestSuite(
+      tests=tuple(
+          loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(test_case_class)
+          for test_case_class in test_cases.test_cases(_Implementation())))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/common/test_control.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/common/test_control.py
index 3960c4e649..8d6eba5c2c 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/common/test_control.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/common/test_control.py
@@ -34,6 +34,14 @@ import contextlib
 import threading
 
 
+class Defect(Exception):
+  """Simulates a programming defect raised into in a system under test.
+
+  Use of a standard exception type is too easily misconstrued as an actual
+  defect in either the test infrastructure or the system under test.
+  """
+
+
 class Control(object):
   """An object that accepts program control from a system under test.
 
@@ -62,7 +70,7 @@ class PauseFailControl(Control):
   def control(self):
     with self._condition:
       if self._fail:
-        raise ValueError()
+        raise Defect()
 
       while self._paused:
         self._condition.wait()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/core/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/core/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7086519106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/core/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/core/_base_interface_test.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/core/_base_interface_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d72f131d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/core/_base_interface_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tests the RPC Framework Core's implementation of the Base interface."""
+
+import logging
+import random
+import time
+import unittest
+
+from grpc.framework.core import implementations
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.base import utilities
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.base import test_cases
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.base import test_interfaces
+
+
+class _Implementation(test_interfaces.Implementation):
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._invocation_initial_metadata = object()
+    self._service_initial_metadata = object()
+    self._invocation_terminal_metadata = object()
+    self._service_terminal_metadata = object()
+
+  def instantiate(self, serializations, servicer):
+    invocation = implementations.invocation_end_link()
+    service = implementations.service_end_link(
+        servicer, test_constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        test_constants.MAXIMUM_TIMEOUT)
+    invocation.join_link(service)
+    service.join_link(invocation)
+    return invocation, service, None
+
+  def destantiate(self, memo):
+    pass
+
+  def invocation_initial_metadata(self):
+    return self._invocation_initial_metadata
+
+  def service_initial_metadata(self):
+    return self._service_initial_metadata
+
+  def invocation_completion(self):
+    return utilities.completion(self._invocation_terminal_metadata, None, None)
+
+  def service_completion(self):
+    return utilities.completion(self._service_terminal_metadata, None, None)
+
+  def metadata_transmitted(self, original_metadata, transmitted_metadata):
+    return transmitted_metadata is original_metadata
+
+  def completion_transmitted(self, original_completion, transmitted_completion):
+    return (
+        (original_completion.terminal_metadata is
+         transmitted_completion.terminal_metadata) and
+        original_completion.code is transmitted_completion.code and
+        original_completion.message is transmitted_completion.message
+    )
+
+
+def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
+  return unittest.TestSuite(
+      tests=tuple(
+          loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(test_case_class)
+          for test_case_class in test_cases.test_cases(_Implementation())))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/base/test_cases.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/base/test_cases.py
index dd332fe5dd..87332cf612 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/base/test_cases.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/base/test_cases.py
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ class _Servicer(base.Servicer):
       if group != self._group or method != self._method:
         controller.fail(
             '%s != %s or %s != %s' % (group, self._group, method, self._method))
-        raise base.NoSuchMethodError()
+        raise base.NoSuchMethodError(None, None)
       else:
         operator = _Operator(
             controller, controller.on_service_advance, self._pool,
@@ -211,8 +211,10 @@ class _OperationTest(unittest.TestCase):
       elif instruction.kind is _control.Instruction.Kind.CONCLUDE:
         break
 
-    invocation_end.stop_gracefully()
-    service_end.stop_gracefully()
+    invocation_stop_event = invocation_end.stop(0)
+    service_stop_event = service_end.stop(0)
+    invocation_stop_event.wait()
+    service_stop_event.wait()
     invocation_stats = invocation_end.operation_stats()
     service_stats = service_end.operation_stats()
 
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_3069_test_constant.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_3069_test_constant.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..363d9ce8f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_3069_test_constant.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""A test constant working around issue 3069."""
+
+# test_constants is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+# TODO(issue 3069): Replace uses of this constant with
+# test_constants.SHORT_TIMEOUT.
+REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT = 0.1
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/__init__.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7086519106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_blocking_invocation_inline_service.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_blocking_invocation_inline_service.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8804f3f223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_blocking_invocation_inline_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Test code for the Face layer of RPC Framework."""
+
+import abc
+import unittest
+
+# test_interfaces is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_control
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_coverage
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _3069_test_constant
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _digest
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _stock_service
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+class TestCase(test_coverage.Coverage, unittest.TestCase):
+  """A test of the Face layer of RPC Framework.
+
+  Concrete subclasses must have an "implementation" attribute of type
+  test_interfaces.Implementation and an "invoker_constructor" attribute of type
+  _invocation.InvokerConstructor.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  NAME = 'BlockingInvocationInlineServiceTest'
+
+  def setUp(self):
+    """See unittest.TestCase.setUp for full specification.
+
+    Overriding implementations must call this implementation.
+    """
+    self._control = test_control.PauseFailControl()
+    self._digest = _digest.digest(
+        _stock_service.STOCK_TEST_SERVICE, self._control, None)
+
+    generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, self._memo = self.implementation.instantiate(
+        self._digest.methods, self._digest.inline_method_implementations, None)
+    self._invoker = self.invoker_constructor.construct_invoker(
+        generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, self._digest.methods)
+
+  def tearDown(self):
+    """See unittest.TestCase.tearDown for full specification.
+
+    Overriding implementations must call this implementation.
+    """
+    self.implementation.destantiate(self._memo)
+
+  def testSuccessfulUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        response = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+            request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+        test_messages.verify(request, response, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        response_iterator = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+            request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        responses = list(response_iterator)
+
+        test_messages.verify(request, responses, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        response = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+            iter(requests), test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+        test_messages.verify(requests, response, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        response_iterator = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+            iter(requests), test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        responses = list(response_iterator)
+
+        test_messages.verify(requests, responses, self)
+
+  def testSequentialInvocations(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        first_request = test_messages.request()
+        second_request = test_messages.request()
+
+        first_response = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+            first_request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+        test_messages.verify(first_request, first_response, self)
+
+        second_response = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+            second_request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+        test_messages.verify(second_request, second_response, self)
+
+  @unittest.skip('Parallel invocations impossible with blocking control flow!')
+  def testParallelInvocations(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @unittest.skip('Parallel invocations impossible with blocking control flow!')
+  def testWaitingForSomeButNotAllParallelInvocations(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @unittest.skip('Cancellation impossible with blocking control flow!')
+  def testCancelledUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @unittest.skip('Cancellation impossible with blocking control flow!')
+  def testCancelledUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @unittest.skip('Cancellation impossible with blocking control flow!')
+  def testCancelledStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @unittest.skip('Cancellation impossible with blocking control flow!')
+  def testCancelledStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  def testExpiredUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.pause(), self.assertRaises(
+            face.ExpirationError):
+          self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              request, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+
+  def testExpiredUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.pause(), self.assertRaises(
+            face.ExpirationError):
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              request, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          list(response_iterator)
+
+  def testExpiredStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.pause(), self.assertRaises(
+            face.ExpirationError):
+          self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+
+  def testExpiredStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.pause(), self.assertRaises(
+            face.ExpirationError):
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          list(response_iterator)
+
+  def testFailedUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.fail(), self.assertRaises(face.RemoteError):
+          self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+  def testFailedUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.fail(), self.assertRaises(face.RemoteError):
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          list(response_iterator)
+
+  def testFailedStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.fail(), self.assertRaises(face.RemoteError):
+          self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+  def testFailedStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.fail(), self.assertRaises(face.RemoteError):
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.blocking(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          list(response_iterator)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_digest.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_digest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da56ed7b27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_digest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Code for making a service.TestService more amenable to use in tests."""
+
+import collections
+import threading
+
+# test_control, _service, and test_interfaces are referenced from specification
+# in this module.
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality
+from grpc.framework.common import style
+from grpc.framework.foundation import stream
+from grpc.framework.foundation import stream_util
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_control  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _service  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+_IDENTITY = lambda x: x
+
+
+class TestServiceDigest(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        'TestServiceDigest',
+        ('methods',
+         'inline_method_implementations',
+         'event_method_implementations',
+         'multi_method_implementation',
+         'unary_unary_messages_sequences',
+         'unary_stream_messages_sequences',
+         'stream_unary_messages_sequences',
+         'stream_stream_messages_sequences',))):
+  """A transformation of a service.TestService.
+
+  Attributes:
+    methods: A dict from method group-name pair to test_interfaces.Method object
+      describing the RPC methods that may be called during the test.
+    inline_method_implementations: A dict from method group-name pair to
+      face.MethodImplementation object to be used in tests of in-line calls to
+      behaviors under test.
+    event_method_implementations: A dict from method group-name pair to
+      face.MethodImplementation object to be used in tests of event-driven calls
+      to behaviors under test.
+    multi_method_implementation: A face.MultiMethodImplementation to be used in
+      tests of generic calls to behaviors under test.
+    unary_unary_messages_sequences: A dict from method group-name pair to
+      sequence of service.UnaryUnaryTestMessages objects to be used to test the
+      identified method.
+    unary_stream_messages_sequences: A dict from method group-name pair to
+      sequence of service.UnaryStreamTestMessages objects to be used to test the
+      identified method.
+    stream_unary_messages_sequences: A dict from method group-name pair to
+      sequence of service.StreamUnaryTestMessages objects to be used to test the
+      identified method.
+    stream_stream_messages_sequences: A dict from method group-name pair to
+      sequence of service.StreamStreamTestMessages objects to be used to test
+      the identified method.
+  """
+
+
+class _BufferingConsumer(stream.Consumer):
+  """A trivial Consumer that dumps what it consumes in a user-mutable buffer."""
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self.consumed = []
+    self.terminated = False
+
+  def consume(self, value):
+    self.consumed.append(value)
+
+  def terminate(self):
+    self.terminated = True
+
+  def consume_and_terminate(self, value):
+    self.consumed.append(value)
+    self.terminated = True
+
+
+class _InlineUnaryUnaryMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, unary_unary_test_method, control):
+    self._test_method = unary_unary_test_method
+    self._control = control
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY
+    self.style = style.Service.INLINE
+
+  def unary_unary_inline(self, request, context):
+    response_list = []
+    self._test_method.service(
+        request, response_list.append, context, self._control)
+    return response_list.pop(0)
+
+
+class _EventUnaryUnaryMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, unary_unary_test_method, control, pool):
+    self._test_method = unary_unary_test_method
+    self._control = control
+    self._pool = pool
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY
+    self.style = style.Service.EVENT
+
+  def unary_unary_event(self, request, response_callback, context):
+    if self._pool is None:
+      self._test_method.service(
+          request, response_callback, context, self._control)
+    else:
+      self._pool.submit(
+          self._test_method.service, request, response_callback, context,
+          self._control)
+
+
+class _InlineUnaryStreamMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, unary_stream_test_method, control):
+    self._test_method = unary_stream_test_method
+    self._control = control
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM
+    self.style = style.Service.INLINE
+
+  def unary_stream_inline(self, request, context):
+    response_consumer = _BufferingConsumer()
+    self._test_method.service(
+        request, response_consumer, context, self._control)
+    for response in response_consumer.consumed:
+      yield response
+
+
+class _EventUnaryStreamMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, unary_stream_test_method, control, pool):
+    self._test_method = unary_stream_test_method
+    self._control = control
+    self._pool = pool
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM
+    self.style = style.Service.EVENT
+
+  def unary_stream_event(self, request, response_consumer, context):
+    if self._pool is None:
+      self._test_method.service(
+          request, response_consumer, context, self._control)
+    else:
+      self._pool.submit(
+          self._test_method.service, request, response_consumer, context,
+          self._control)
+
+
+class _InlineStreamUnaryMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, stream_unary_test_method, control):
+    self._test_method = stream_unary_test_method
+    self._control = control
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY
+    self.style = style.Service.INLINE
+
+  def stream_unary_inline(self, request_iterator, context):
+    response_list = []
+    request_consumer = self._test_method.service(
+        response_list.append, context, self._control)
+    for request in request_iterator:
+      request_consumer.consume(request)
+    request_consumer.terminate()
+    return response_list.pop(0)
+
+
+class _EventStreamUnaryMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, stream_unary_test_method, control, pool):
+    self._test_method = stream_unary_test_method
+    self._control = control
+    self._pool = pool
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY
+    self.style = style.Service.EVENT
+
+  def stream_unary_event(self, response_callback, context):
+    request_consumer = self._test_method.service(
+        response_callback, context, self._control)
+    if self._pool is None:
+      return request_consumer
+    else:
+      return stream_util.ThreadSwitchingConsumer(request_consumer, self._pool)
+
+
+class _InlineStreamStreamMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, stream_stream_test_method, control):
+    self._test_method = stream_stream_test_method
+    self._control = control
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM
+    self.style = style.Service.INLINE
+
+  def stream_stream_inline(self, request_iterator, context):
+    response_consumer = _BufferingConsumer()
+    request_consumer = self._test_method.service(
+        response_consumer, context, self._control)
+
+    for request in request_iterator:
+      request_consumer.consume(request)
+      while response_consumer.consumed:
+        yield response_consumer.consumed.pop(0)
+    response_consumer.terminate()
+
+
+class _EventStreamStreamMethod(face.MethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, stream_stream_test_method, control, pool):
+    self._test_method = stream_stream_test_method
+    self._control = control
+    self._pool = pool
+
+    self.cardinality = cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM
+    self.style = style.Service.EVENT
+
+  def stream_stream_event(self, response_consumer, context):
+    request_consumer = self._test_method.service(
+        response_consumer, context, self._control)
+    if self._pool is None:
+      return request_consumer
+    else:
+      return stream_util.ThreadSwitchingConsumer(request_consumer, self._pool)
+
+
+class _UnaryConsumer(stream.Consumer):
+  """A Consumer that only allows consumption of exactly one value."""
+
+  def __init__(self, action):
+    self._lock = threading.Lock()
+    self._action = action
+    self._consumed = False
+    self._terminated = False
+
+  def consume(self, value):
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._consumed:
+        raise ValueError('Unary consumer already consumed!')
+      elif self._terminated:
+        raise ValueError('Unary consumer already terminated!')
+      else:
+        self._consumed = True
+
+    self._action(value)
+
+  def terminate(self):
+    with self._lock:
+      if not self._consumed:
+        raise ValueError('Unary consumer hasn\'t yet consumed!')
+      elif self._terminated:
+        raise ValueError('Unary consumer already terminated!')
+      else:
+        self._terminated = True
+
+  def consume_and_terminate(self, value):
+    with self._lock:
+      if self._consumed:
+        raise ValueError('Unary consumer already consumed!')
+      elif self._terminated:
+        raise ValueError('Unary consumer already terminated!')
+      else:
+        self._consumed = True
+        self._terminated = True
+
+    self._action(value)
+
+
+class _UnaryUnaryAdaptation(object):
+
+  def __init__(self, unary_unary_test_method):
+    self._method = unary_unary_test_method
+
+  def service(self, response_consumer, context, control):
+    def action(request):
+      self._method.service(
+          request, response_consumer.consume_and_terminate, context, control)
+    return _UnaryConsumer(action)
+
+
+class _UnaryStreamAdaptation(object):
+
+  def __init__(self, unary_stream_test_method):
+    self._method = unary_stream_test_method
+
+  def service(self, response_consumer, context, control):
+    def action(request):
+      self._method.service(request, response_consumer, context, control)
+    return _UnaryConsumer(action)
+
+
+class _StreamUnaryAdaptation(object):
+
+  def __init__(self, stream_unary_test_method):
+    self._method = stream_unary_test_method
+
+  def service(self, response_consumer, context, control):
+    return self._method.service(
+        response_consumer.consume_and_terminate, context, control)
+
+
+class _MultiMethodImplementation(face.MultiMethodImplementation):
+
+  def __init__(self, methods, control, pool):
+    self._methods = methods
+    self._control = control
+    self._pool = pool
+
+  def service(self, group, name, response_consumer, context):
+    method = self._methods.get(group, name, None)
+    if method is None:
+      raise face.NoSuchMethodError(group, name)
+    elif self._pool is None:
+      return method(response_consumer, context, self._control)
+    else:
+      request_consumer = method(response_consumer, context, self._control)
+      return stream_util.ThreadSwitchingConsumer(request_consumer, self._pool)
+
+
+class _Assembly(
+    collections.namedtuple(
+        '_Assembly',
+        ['methods', 'inlines', 'events', 'adaptations', 'messages'])):
+  """An intermediate structure created when creating a TestServiceDigest."""
+
+
+def _assemble(
+    scenarios, identifiers, inline_method_constructor, event_method_constructor,
+    adapter, control, pool):
+  """Creates an _Assembly from the given scenarios."""
+  methods = {}
+  inlines = {}
+  events = {}
+  adaptations = {}
+  messages = {}
+  for identifier, scenario in scenarios.iteritems():
+    if identifier in identifiers:
+      raise ValueError('Repeated identifier "(%s, %s)"!' % identifier)
+
+    test_method = scenario[0]
+    inline_method = inline_method_constructor(test_method, control)
+    event_method = event_method_constructor(test_method, control, pool)
+    adaptation = adapter(test_method)
+
+    methods[identifier] = test_method
+    inlines[identifier] = inline_method
+    events[identifier] = event_method
+    adaptations[identifier] = adaptation
+    messages[identifier] = scenario[1]
+
+  return _Assembly(methods, inlines, events, adaptations, messages)
+
+
+def digest(service, control, pool):
+  """Creates a TestServiceDigest from a TestService.
+
+  Args:
+    service: A _service.TestService.
+    control: A test_control.Control.
+    pool: If RPC methods should be serviced in a separate thread, a thread pool.
+      None if RPC methods should be serviced in the thread belonging to the
+      run-time that calls for their service.
+
+  Returns:
+    A TestServiceDigest synthesized from the given service.TestService.
+  """
+  identifiers = set()
+
+  unary_unary = _assemble(
+      service.unary_unary_scenarios(), identifiers, _InlineUnaryUnaryMethod,
+      _EventUnaryUnaryMethod, _UnaryUnaryAdaptation, control, pool)
+  identifiers.update(unary_unary.inlines)
+
+  unary_stream = _assemble(
+      service.unary_stream_scenarios(), identifiers, _InlineUnaryStreamMethod,
+      _EventUnaryStreamMethod, _UnaryStreamAdaptation, control, pool)
+  identifiers.update(unary_stream.inlines)
+
+  stream_unary = _assemble(
+      service.stream_unary_scenarios(), identifiers, _InlineStreamUnaryMethod,
+      _EventStreamUnaryMethod, _StreamUnaryAdaptation, control, pool)
+  identifiers.update(stream_unary.inlines)
+
+  stream_stream = _assemble(
+      service.stream_stream_scenarios(), identifiers, _InlineStreamStreamMethod,
+      _EventStreamStreamMethod, _IDENTITY, control, pool)
+  identifiers.update(stream_stream.inlines)
+
+  methods = dict(unary_unary.methods)
+  methods.update(unary_stream.methods)
+  methods.update(stream_unary.methods)
+  methods.update(stream_stream.methods)
+  adaptations = dict(unary_unary.adaptations)
+  adaptations.update(unary_stream.adaptations)
+  adaptations.update(stream_unary.adaptations)
+  adaptations.update(stream_stream.adaptations)
+  inlines = dict(unary_unary.inlines)
+  inlines.update(unary_stream.inlines)
+  inlines.update(stream_unary.inlines)
+  inlines.update(stream_stream.inlines)
+  events = dict(unary_unary.events)
+  events.update(unary_stream.events)
+  events.update(stream_unary.events)
+  events.update(stream_stream.events)
+
+  return TestServiceDigest(
+      methods,
+      inlines,
+      events,
+      _MultiMethodImplementation(adaptations, control, pool),
+      unary_unary.messages,
+      unary_stream.messages,
+      stream_unary.messages,
+      stream_stream.messages)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_event_invocation_synchronous_event_service.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_event_invocation_synchronous_event_service.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a78b4bed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_event_invocation_synchronous_event_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Test code for the Face layer of RPC Framework."""
+
+import abc
+import unittest
+
+# test_interfaces is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_control
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_coverage
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _3069_test_constant
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _digest
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _receiver
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _stock_service
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+class TestCase(test_coverage.Coverage, unittest.TestCase):
+  """A test of the Face layer of RPC Framework.
+
+  Concrete subclasses must have an "implementation" attribute of type
+  test_interfaces.Implementation and an "invoker_constructor" attribute of type
+  _invocation.InvokerConstructor.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  NAME = 'EventInvocationSynchronousEventServiceTest'
+
+  def setUp(self):
+    """See unittest.TestCase.setUp for full specification.
+
+    Overriding implementations must call this implementation.
+    """
+    self._control = test_control.PauseFailControl()
+    self._digest = _digest.digest(
+        _stock_service.STOCK_TEST_SERVICE, self._control, None)
+
+    generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, self._memo = self.implementation.instantiate(
+        self._digest.methods, self._digest.event_method_implementations, None)
+    self._invoker = self.invoker_constructor.construct_invoker(
+        generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, self._digest.methods)
+
+  def tearDown(self):
+    """See unittest.TestCase.tearDown for full specification.
+
+    Overriding implementations must call this implementation.
+    """
+    self.implementation.destantiate(self._memo)
+
+  def testSuccessfulUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            request, receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+        response = receiver.unary_response()
+
+        test_messages.verify(request, response, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            request, receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+        responses = receiver.stream_responses()
+
+        test_messages.verify(request, responses, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        for request in requests:
+          call_consumer.consume(request)
+        call_consumer.terminate()
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+        response = receiver.unary_response()
+
+        test_messages.verify(requests, response, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        for request in requests:
+          call_consumer.consume(request)
+        call_consumer.terminate()
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+        responses = receiver.stream_responses()
+
+        test_messages.verify(requests, responses, self)
+
+  def testSequentialInvocations(self):
+    # pylint: disable=cell-var-from-loop
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        first_request = test_messages.request()
+        second_request = test_messages.request()
+        second_receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        def make_second_invocation():
+          self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              second_request, second_receiver, second_receiver.abort,
+              test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+
+        class FirstReceiver(_receiver.Receiver):
+
+          def complete(self, terminal_metadata, code, details):
+            super(FirstReceiver, self).complete(
+                terminal_metadata, code, details)
+            make_second_invocation()
+
+        first_receiver = FirstReceiver()
+
+        self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            first_request, first_receiver, first_receiver.abort,
+            test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        second_receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        first_response = first_receiver.unary_response()
+        second_response = second_receiver.unary_response()
+        test_messages.verify(first_request, first_response, self)
+        test_messages.verify(second_request, second_response, self)
+
+  def testParallelInvocations(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        first_request = test_messages.request()
+        first_receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+        second_request = test_messages.request()
+        second_receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            first_request, first_receiver, first_receiver.abort,
+            test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            second_request, second_receiver, second_receiver.abort,
+            test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        first_receiver.block_until_terminated()
+        second_receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        first_response = first_receiver.unary_response()
+        second_response = second_receiver.unary_response()
+        test_messages.verify(first_request, first_response, self)
+        test_messages.verify(second_request, second_response, self)
+
+  @unittest.skip('TODO(nathaniel): implement.')
+  def testWaitingForSomeButNotAllParallelInvocations(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  def testCancelledUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          call = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              request, receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          call.cancel()
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.CANCELLED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testCancelledUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        call = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            request, receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        call.cancel()
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.CANCELLED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testCancelledStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        for request in requests:
+          call_consumer.consume(request)
+        call_consumer.cancel()
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.CANCELLED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testCancelledStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for unused_test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        call_consumer.cancel()
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.CANCELLED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testExpiredUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              request, receiver, receiver.abort,
+              _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.EXPIRED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testExpiredUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              request, receiver, receiver.abort,
+              _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.EXPIRED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testExpiredStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for unused_test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            receiver, receiver.abort, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.EXPIRED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testExpiredStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+            receiver, receiver.abort, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+        for request in requests:
+          call_consumer.consume(request)
+        receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(face.Abortion.Kind.EXPIRED, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testFailedUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.fail():
+          self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              request, receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            face.Abortion.Kind.REMOTE_FAILURE, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testFailedUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.fail():
+          self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              request, receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            face.Abortion.Kind.REMOTE_FAILURE, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testFailedStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.fail():
+          call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          for request in requests:
+            call_consumer.consume(request)
+          call_consumer.terminate()
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            face.Abortion.Kind.REMOTE_FAILURE, receiver.abortion().kind)
+
+  def testFailedStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        receiver = _receiver.Receiver()
+
+        with self._control.fail():
+          call_consumer = self._invoker.event(group, method)(
+              receiver, receiver.abort, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          for request in requests:
+            call_consumer.consume(request)
+          call_consumer.terminate()
+          receiver.block_until_terminated()
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            face.Abortion.Kind.REMOTE_FAILURE, receiver.abortion().kind)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_future_invocation_asynchronous_event_service.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_future_invocation_asynchronous_event_service.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1107e1576
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_future_invocation_asynchronous_event_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Test code for the Face layer of RPC Framework."""
+
+import abc
+import contextlib
+import threading
+import unittest
+
+# test_interfaces is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.foundation import logging_pool
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_control
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_coverage
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _3069_test_constant
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _digest
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _stock_service
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+class _PauseableIterator(object):
+
+  def __init__(self, upstream):
+    self._upstream = upstream
+    self._condition = threading.Condition()
+    self._paused = False
+
+  @contextlib.contextmanager
+  def pause(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._paused = True
+    yield
+    with self._condition:
+      self._paused = False
+      self._condition.notify_all()
+
+  def __iter__(self):
+    return self
+
+  def next(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while self._paused:
+        self._condition.wait()
+    return next(self._upstream)
+
+
+class TestCase(test_coverage.Coverage, unittest.TestCase):
+  """A test of the Face layer of RPC Framework.
+
+  Concrete subclasses must have an "implementation" attribute of type
+  test_interfaces.Implementation and an "invoker_constructor" attribute of type
+  _invocation.InvokerConstructor.
+  """
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  NAME = 'FutureInvocationAsynchronousEventServiceTest'
+
+  def setUp(self):
+    """See unittest.TestCase.setUp for full specification.
+
+    Overriding implementations must call this implementation.
+    """
+    self._control = test_control.PauseFailControl()
+    self._digest_pool = logging_pool.pool(test_constants.POOL_SIZE)
+    self._digest = _digest.digest(
+        _stock_service.STOCK_TEST_SERVICE, self._control, self._digest_pool)
+
+    generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, self._memo = self.implementation.instantiate(
+        self._digest.methods, self._digest.event_method_implementations, None)
+    self._invoker = self.invoker_constructor.construct_invoker(
+        generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, self._digest.methods)
+
+  def tearDown(self):
+    """See unittest.TestCase.tearDown for full specification.
+
+    Overriding implementations must call this implementation.
+    """
+    self.implementation.destantiate(self._memo)
+    self._digest_pool.shutdown(wait=True)
+
+  def testSuccessfulUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+            request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        response = response_future.result()
+
+        test_messages.verify(request, response, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+            request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        responses = list(response_iterator)
+
+        test_messages.verify(request, responses, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        request_iterator = _PauseableIterator(iter(requests))
+
+        # Use of a paused iterator of requests allows us to test that control is
+        # returned to calling code before the iterator yields any requests.
+        with request_iterator.pause():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request_iterator, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        response = response_future.result()
+
+        test_messages.verify(requests, response, self)
+
+  def testSuccessfulStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+        request_iterator = _PauseableIterator(iter(requests))
+
+        # Use of a paused iterator of requests allows us to test that control is
+        # returned to calling code before the iterator yields any requests.
+        with request_iterator.pause():
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request_iterator, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        responses = list(response_iterator)
+
+        test_messages.verify(requests, responses, self)
+
+  def testSequentialInvocations(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        first_request = test_messages.request()
+        second_request = test_messages.request()
+
+        first_response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+            first_request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        first_response = first_response_future.result()
+
+        test_messages.verify(first_request, first_response, self)
+
+        second_response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+            second_request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        second_response = second_response_future.result()
+
+        test_messages.verify(second_request, second_response, self)
+
+  def testParallelInvocations(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        first_request = test_messages.request()
+        second_request = test_messages.request()
+
+        first_response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+            first_request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        second_response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+            second_request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+        first_response = first_response_future.result()
+        second_response = second_response_future.result()
+
+        test_messages.verify(first_request, first_response, self)
+        test_messages.verify(second_request, second_response, self)
+
+  @unittest.skip('TODO(nathaniel): implement.')
+  def testWaitingForSomeButNotAllParallelInvocations(self):
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  def testCancelledUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          cancel_method_return_value = response_future.cancel()
+
+        self.assertFalse(cancel_method_return_value)
+        self.assertTrue(response_future.cancelled())
+
+  def testCancelledUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request, test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          response_iterator.cancel()
+
+        with self.assertRaises(face.CancellationError):
+          next(response_iterator)
+
+  def testCancelledStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          cancel_method_return_value = response_future.cancel()
+
+        self.assertFalse(cancel_method_return_value)
+        self.assertTrue(response_future.cancelled())
+
+  def testCancelledStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), test_constants.LONG_TIMEOUT)
+          response_iterator.cancel()
+
+        with self.assertRaises(face.CancellationError):
+          next(response_iterator)
+
+  def testExpiredUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(
+              group, method)(request, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          self.assertIsInstance(
+              response_future.exception(), face.ExpirationError)
+          with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+            response_future.result()
+
+  def testExpiredUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+            list(response_iterator)
+
+  def testExpiredStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          self.assertIsInstance(
+              response_future.exception(), face.ExpirationError)
+          with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+            response_future.result()
+
+  def testExpiredStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.pause():
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+            list(response_iterator)
+
+  def testFailedUnaryRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        with self._control.fail():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+
+          # Because the servicer fails outside of the thread from which the
+          # servicer-side runtime called into it its failure is
+          # indistinguishable from simply not having called its
+          # response_callback before the expiration of the RPC.
+          self.assertIsInstance(
+              response_future.exception(), face.ExpirationError)
+          with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+            response_future.result()
+
+  def testFailedUnaryRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.unary_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        request = test_messages.request()
+
+        # Because the servicer fails outside of the thread from which the
+        # servicer-side runtime called into it its failure is indistinguishable
+        # from simply not having called its response_consumer before the
+        # expiration of the RPC.
+        with self._control.fail(), self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              request, _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          list(response_iterator)
+
+  def testFailedStreamRequestUnaryResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_unary_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        with self._control.fail():
+          response_future = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+
+          # Because the servicer fails outside of the thread from which the
+          # servicer-side runtime called into it its failure is
+          # indistinguishable from simply not having called its
+          # response_callback before the expiration of the RPC.
+          self.assertIsInstance(
+              response_future.exception(), face.ExpirationError)
+          with self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+            response_future.result()
+
+  def testFailedStreamRequestStreamResponse(self):
+    for (group, method), test_messages_sequence in (
+        self._digest.stream_stream_messages_sequences.iteritems()):
+      for test_messages in test_messages_sequence:
+        requests = test_messages.requests()
+
+        # Because the servicer fails outside of the thread from which the
+        # servicer-side runtime called into it its failure is indistinguishable
+        # from simply not having called its response_consumer before the
+        # expiration of the RPC.
+        with self._control.fail(), self.assertRaises(face.ExpirationError):
+          response_iterator = self._invoker.future(group, method)(
+              iter(requests), _3069_test_constant.REALLY_SHORT_TIMEOUT)
+          list(response_iterator)
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_invocation.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_invocation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..448e845a08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_invocation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Coverage across the Face layer's generic-to-dynamic range for invocation."""
+
+import abc
+
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality
+
+_CARDINALITY_TO_GENERIC_BLOCKING_BEHAVIOR = {
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY: 'blocking_unary_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM: 'inline_unary_stream',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY: 'blocking_stream_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM: 'inline_stream_stream',
+}
+
+_CARDINALITY_TO_GENERIC_FUTURE_BEHAVIOR = {
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY: 'future_unary_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM: 'inline_unary_stream',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY: 'future_stream_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM: 'inline_stream_stream',
+}
+
+_CARDINALITY_TO_GENERIC_EVENT_BEHAVIOR = {
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY: 'event_unary_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM: 'event_unary_stream',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY: 'event_stream_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM: 'event_stream_stream',
+}
+
+_CARDINALITY_TO_MULTI_CALLABLE_ATTRIBUTE = {
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY: 'unary_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM: 'unary_stream',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY: 'stream_unary',
+    cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM: 'stream_stream',
+}
+
+
+class Invoker(object):
+  """A type used to invoke test RPCs."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def blocking(self, group, name):
+    """Invokes an RPC with blocking control flow."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def future(self, group, name):
+    """Invokes an RPC with future control flow."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def event(self, group, name):
+    """Invokes an RPC with event control flow."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class InvokerConstructor(object):
+  """A type used to create Invokers."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def name(self):
+    """Specifies the name of the Invoker constructed by this object."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def construct_invoker(self, generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, methods):
+    """Constructs an Invoker for the given stubs and methods."""
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class _GenericInvoker(Invoker):
+
+  def __init__(self, generic_stub, methods):
+    self._stub = generic_stub
+    self._methods = methods
+
+  def _behavior(self, group, name, cardinality_to_generic_method):
+    method_cardinality = self._methods[group, name].cardinality()
+    behavior = getattr(
+        self._stub, cardinality_to_generic_method[method_cardinality])
+    return lambda *args, **kwargs: behavior(group, name, *args, **kwargs)
+
+  def blocking(self, group, name):
+    return self._behavior(
+        group, name, _CARDINALITY_TO_GENERIC_BLOCKING_BEHAVIOR)
+
+  def future(self, group, name):
+    return self._behavior(group, name, _CARDINALITY_TO_GENERIC_FUTURE_BEHAVIOR)
+
+  def event(self, group, name):
+    return self._behavior(group, name, _CARDINALITY_TO_GENERIC_EVENT_BEHAVIOR)
+
+
+class _GenericInvokerConstructor(InvokerConstructor):
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'GenericInvoker'
+
+  def construct_invoker(self, generic_stub, dynamic_stub, methods):
+    return _GenericInvoker(generic_stub, methods)
+
+
+class _MultiCallableInvoker(Invoker):
+
+  def __init__(self, generic_stub, methods):
+    self._stub = generic_stub
+    self._methods = methods
+
+  def _multi_callable(self, group, name):
+    method_cardinality = self._methods[group, name].cardinality()
+    behavior = getattr(
+        self._stub,
+        _CARDINALITY_TO_MULTI_CALLABLE_ATTRIBUTE[method_cardinality])
+    return behavior(group, name)
+
+  def blocking(self, group, name):
+    return self._multi_callable(group, name)
+
+  def future(self, group, name):
+    method_cardinality = self._methods[group, name].cardinality()
+    behavior = getattr(
+        self._stub,
+        _CARDINALITY_TO_MULTI_CALLABLE_ATTRIBUTE[method_cardinality])
+    if method_cardinality in (
+        cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY,
+        cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY):
+      return behavior(group, name).future
+    else:
+      return behavior(group, name)
+
+  def event(self, group, name):
+    return self._multi_callable(group, name).event
+
+
+class _MultiCallableInvokerConstructor(InvokerConstructor):
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'MultiCallableInvoker'
+
+  def construct_invoker(self, generic_stub, dynamic_stub, methods):
+    return _MultiCallableInvoker(generic_stub, methods)
+
+
+class _DynamicInvoker(Invoker):
+
+  def __init__(self, dynamic_stubs, methods):
+    self._stubs = dynamic_stubs
+    self._methods = methods
+
+  def blocking(self, group, name):
+    return getattr(self._stubs[group], name)
+
+  def future(self, group, name):
+    if self._methods[group, name].cardinality() in (
+        cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY,
+        cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY):
+      return getattr(self._stubs[group], name).future
+    else:
+      return getattr(self._stubs[group], name)
+
+  def event(self, group, name):
+    return getattr(self._stubs[group], name).event
+
+
+class _DynamicInvokerConstructor(InvokerConstructor):
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'DynamicInvoker'
+
+  def construct_invoker(self, generic_stub, dynamic_stubs, methods):
+    return _DynamicInvoker(dynamic_stubs, methods)
+
+
+def invoker_constructors():
+  """Creates a sequence of InvokerConstructors to use in tests of RPCs.
+
+  Returns:
+    A sequence of InvokerConstructors.
+  """
+  return (
+      _GenericInvokerConstructor(),
+      _MultiCallableInvokerConstructor(),
+      _DynamicInvokerConstructor(),
+  )
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_receiver.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_receiver.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e444ff09d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_receiver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""A utility useful in tests of asynchronous, event-driven interfaces."""
+
+import threading
+
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face
+
+
+class Receiver(face.ResponseReceiver):
+  """A utility object useful in tests of asynchronous code."""
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._condition = threading.Condition()
+    self._initial_metadata = None
+    self._responses = []
+    self._terminal_metadata = None
+    self._code = None
+    self._details = None
+    self._completed = False
+    self._abortion = None
+
+  def abort(self, abortion):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._abortion = abortion
+      self._condition.notify_all()
+
+  def initial_metadata(self, initial_metadata):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._initial_metadata = initial_metadata
+
+  def response(self, response):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._responses.append(response)
+
+  def complete(self, terminal_metadata, code, details):
+    with self._condition:
+      self._terminal_metadata = terminal_metadata
+      self._code = code
+      self._details = details
+      self._completed = True
+      self._condition.notify_all()
+
+  def block_until_terminated(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      while self._abortion is None and not self._completed:
+        self._condition.wait()
+
+  def unary_response(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._abortion is not None:
+        raise AssertionError('Aborted with abortion "%s"!' % self._abortion)
+      elif len(self._responses) != 1:
+        raise AssertionError(
+            '%d responses received, not exactly one!', len(self._responses))
+      else:
+        return self._responses[0]
+
+  def stream_responses(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      if self._abortion is None:
+        return list(self._responses)
+      else:
+        raise AssertionError('Aborted with abortion "%s"!' % self._abortion)
+
+  def abortion(self):
+    with self._condition:
+      return self._abortion
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_service.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_service.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e25b8a038c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Private interfaces implemented by data sets used in Face-layer tests."""
+
+import abc
+
+# face is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces
+
+
+class UnaryUnaryTestMethodImplementation(test_interfaces.Method):
+  """A controllable implementation of a unary-unary method."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def service(self, request, response_callback, context, control):
+    """Services an RPC that accepts one message and produces one message.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The single request message for the RPC.
+      response_callback: A callback to be called to accept the response message
+        of the RPC.
+      context: An face.ServicerContext object.
+      control: A test_control.Control to control execution of this method.
+
+    Raises:
+      abandonment.Abandoned: May or may not be raised when the RPC has been
+        aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class UnaryUnaryTestMessages(object):
+  """A type for unary-request-unary-response message pairings."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def request(self):
+    """Affords a request message.
+
+    Implementations of this method should return a different message with each
+    call so that multiple test executions of the test method may be made with
+    different inputs.
+
+    Returns:
+      A request message.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def verify(self, request, response, test_case):
+    """Verifies that the computed response matches the given request.
+
+    Args:
+      request: A request message.
+      response: A response message.
+      test_case: A unittest.TestCase object affording useful assertion methods.
+
+    Raises:
+      AssertionError: If the request and response do not match, indicating that
+        there was some problem executing the RPC under test.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class UnaryStreamTestMethodImplementation(test_interfaces.Method):
+  """A controllable implementation of a unary-stream method."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def service(self, request, response_consumer, context, control):
+    """Services an RPC that takes one message and produces a stream of messages.
+
+    Args:
+      request: The single request message for the RPC.
+      response_consumer: A stream.Consumer to be called to accept the response
+        messages of the RPC.
+      context: A face.ServicerContext object.
+      control: A test_control.Control to control execution of this method.
+
+    Raises:
+      abandonment.Abandoned: May or may not be raised when the RPC has been
+        aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class UnaryStreamTestMessages(object):
+  """A type for unary-request-stream-response message pairings."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def request(self):
+    """Affords a request message.
+
+    Implementations of this method should return a different message with each
+    call so that multiple test executions of the test method may be made with
+    different inputs.
+
+    Returns:
+      A request message.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def verify(self, request, responses, test_case):
+    """Verifies that the computed responses match the given request.
+
+    Args:
+      request: A request message.
+      responses: A sequence of response messages.
+      test_case: A unittest.TestCase object affording useful assertion methods.
+
+    Raises:
+      AssertionError: If the request and responses do not match, indicating that
+        there was some problem executing the RPC under test.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class StreamUnaryTestMethodImplementation(test_interfaces.Method):
+  """A controllable implementation of a stream-unary method."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def service(self, response_callback, context, control):
+    """Services an RPC that takes a stream of messages and produces one message.
+
+    Args:
+      response_callback: A callback to be called to accept the response message
+        of the RPC.
+      context: A face.ServicerContext object.
+      control: A test_control.Control to control execution of this method.
+
+    Returns:
+      A stream.Consumer with which to accept the request messages of the RPC.
+        The consumer returned from this method may or may not be invoked to
+        completion: in the case of RPC abortion, RPC Framework will simply stop
+        passing messages to this object. Implementations must not assume that
+        this object will be called to completion of the request stream or even
+        called at all.
+
+    Raises:
+      abandonment.Abandoned: May or may not be raised when the RPC has been
+        aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class StreamUnaryTestMessages(object):
+  """A type for stream-request-unary-response message pairings."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def requests(self):
+    """Affords a sequence of request messages.
+
+    Implementations of this method should return a different sequences with each
+    call so that multiple test executions of the test method may be made with
+    different inputs.
+
+    Returns:
+      A sequence of request messages.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def verify(self, requests, response, test_case):
+    """Verifies that the computed response matches the given requests.
+
+    Args:
+      requests: A sequence of request messages.
+      response: A response message.
+      test_case: A unittest.TestCase object affording useful assertion methods.
+
+    Raises:
+      AssertionError: If the requests and response do not match, indicating that
+        there was some problem executing the RPC under test.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class StreamStreamTestMethodImplementation(test_interfaces.Method):
+  """A controllable implementation of a stream-stream method."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def service(self, response_consumer, context, control):
+    """Services an RPC that accepts and produces streams of messages.
+
+    Args:
+      response_consumer: A stream.Consumer to be called to accept the response
+        messages of the RPC.
+      context: A face.ServicerContext object.
+      control: A test_control.Control to control execution of this method.
+
+    Returns:
+      A stream.Consumer with which to accept the request messages of the RPC.
+        The consumer returned from this method may or may not be invoked to
+        completion: in the case of RPC abortion, RPC Framework will simply stop
+        passing messages to this object. Implementations must not assume that
+        this object will be called to completion of the request stream or even
+        called at all.
+
+    Raises:
+      abandonment.Abandoned: May or may not be raised when the RPC has been
+        aborted.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class StreamStreamTestMessages(object):
+  """A type for stream-request-stream-response message pairings."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def requests(self):
+    """Affords a sequence of request messages.
+
+    Implementations of this method should return a different sequences with each
+    call so that multiple test executions of the test method may be made with
+    different inputs.
+
+    Returns:
+      A sequence of request messages.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def verify(self, requests, responses, test_case):
+    """Verifies that the computed response matches the given requests.
+
+    Args:
+      requests: A sequence of request messages.
+      responses: A sequence of response messages.
+      test_case: A unittest.TestCase object affording useful assertion methods.
+
+    Raises:
+      AssertionError: If the requests and responses do not match, indicating
+        that there was some problem executing the RPC under test.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class TestService(object):
+  """A specification of implemented methods to use in tests."""
+
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def unary_unary_scenarios(self):
+    """Affords unary-request-unary-response test methods and their messages.
+
+    Returns:
+      A dict from method group-name pair to implementation/messages pair. The
+        first element of the pair is a UnaryUnaryTestMethodImplementation object
+        and the second element is a sequence of UnaryUnaryTestMethodMessages
+        objects.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def unary_stream_scenarios(self):
+    """Affords unary-request-stream-response test methods and their messages.
+
+    Returns:
+      A dict from method group-name pair to implementation/messages pair. The
+        first element of the pair is a UnaryStreamTestMethodImplementation
+        object and the second element is a sequence of
+        UnaryStreamTestMethodMessages objects.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def stream_unary_scenarios(self):
+    """Affords stream-request-unary-response test methods and their messages.
+
+    Returns:
+      A dict from method group-name pair to implementation/messages pair. The
+        first element of the pair is a StreamUnaryTestMethodImplementation
+        object and the second element is a sequence of
+        StreamUnaryTestMethodMessages objects.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def stream_stream_scenarios(self):
+    """Affords stream-request-stream-response test methods and their messages.
+
+    Returns:
+      A dict from method group-name pair to implementation/messages pair. The
+        first element of the pair is a StreamStreamTestMethodImplementation
+        object and the second element is a sequence of
+        StreamStreamTestMethodMessages objects.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_stock_service.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_stock_service.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..808e2c4e36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/_stock_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Examples of Python implementations of the stock.proto Stock service."""
+
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality
+from grpc.framework.foundation import abandonment
+from grpc.framework.foundation import stream
+from grpc_test.framework.common import test_constants
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _service
+from grpc_test._junkdrawer import stock_pb2
+
+_STOCK_GROUP_NAME = 'Stock'
+_SYMBOL_FORMAT = 'test symbol:%03d'
+
+# A test-appropriate security-pricing function. :-P
+_price = lambda symbol_name: float(hash(symbol_name) % 4096)
+
+
+def _get_last_trade_price(stock_request, stock_reply_callback, control, active):
+  """A unary-request, unary-response test method."""
+  control.control()
+  if active():
+    stock_reply_callback(
+        stock_pb2.StockReply(
+            symbol=stock_request.symbol, price=_price(stock_request.symbol)))
+  else:
+    raise abandonment.Abandoned()
+
+
+def _get_last_trade_price_multiple(stock_reply_consumer, control, active):
+  """A stream-request, stream-response test method."""
+  def stock_reply_for_stock_request(stock_request):
+    control.control()
+    if active():
+      return stock_pb2.StockReply(
+          symbol=stock_request.symbol, price=_price(stock_request.symbol))
+    else:
+      raise abandonment.Abandoned()
+
+  class StockRequestConsumer(stream.Consumer):
+
+    def consume(self, stock_request):
+      stock_reply_consumer.consume(stock_reply_for_stock_request(stock_request))
+
+    def terminate(self):
+      control.control()
+      stock_reply_consumer.terminate()
+
+    def consume_and_terminate(self, stock_request):
+      stock_reply_consumer.consume_and_terminate(
+          stock_reply_for_stock_request(stock_request))
+
+  return StockRequestConsumer()
+
+
+def _watch_future_trades(stock_request, stock_reply_consumer, control, active):
+  """A unary-request, stream-response test method."""
+  base_price = _price(stock_request.symbol)
+  for index in range(stock_request.num_trades_to_watch):
+    control.control()
+    if active():
+      stock_reply_consumer.consume(
+          stock_pb2.StockReply(
+              symbol=stock_request.symbol, price=base_price + index))
+    else:
+      raise abandonment.Abandoned()
+  stock_reply_consumer.terminate()
+
+
+def _get_highest_trade_price(stock_reply_callback, control, active):
+  """A stream-request, unary-response test method."""
+
+  class StockRequestConsumer(stream.Consumer):
+    """Keeps an ongoing record of the most valuable symbol yet consumed."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+      self._symbol = None
+      self._price = None
+
+    def consume(self, stock_request):
+      control.control()
+      if active():
+        if self._price is None:
+          self._symbol = stock_request.symbol
+          self._price = _price(stock_request.symbol)
+        else:
+          candidate_price = _price(stock_request.symbol)
+          if self._price < candidate_price:
+            self._symbol = stock_request.symbol
+            self._price = candidate_price
+
+    def terminate(self):
+      control.control()
+      if active():
+        if self._symbol is None:
+          raise ValueError()
+        else:
+          stock_reply_callback(
+              stock_pb2.StockReply(symbol=self._symbol, price=self._price))
+          self._symbol = None
+          self._price = None
+
+    def consume_and_terminate(self, stock_request):
+      control.control()
+      if active():
+        if self._price is None:
+          stock_reply_callback(
+              stock_pb2.StockReply(
+                  symbol=stock_request.symbol,
+                  price=_price(stock_request.symbol)))
+        else:
+          candidate_price = _price(stock_request.symbol)
+          if self._price < candidate_price:
+            stock_reply_callback(
+                stock_pb2.StockReply(
+                    symbol=stock_request.symbol, price=candidate_price))
+          else:
+            stock_reply_callback(
+                stock_pb2.StockReply(
+                    symbol=self._symbol, price=self._price))
+
+        self._symbol = None
+        self._price = None
+
+  return StockRequestConsumer()
+
+
+class GetLastTradePrice(_service.UnaryUnaryTestMethodImplementation):
+  """GetLastTradePrice for use in tests."""
+
+  def group(self):
+    return _STOCK_GROUP_NAME
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'GetLastTradePrice'
+
+  def cardinality(self):
+    return cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_UNARY
+
+  def request_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest
+
+  def response_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply
+
+  def serialize_request(self, request):
+    return request.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_request(self, serialized_request):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest.FromString(serialized_request)
+
+  def serialize_response(self, response):
+    return response.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_response(self, serialized_response):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply.FromString(serialized_response)
+
+  def service(self, request, response_callback, context, control):
+    _get_last_trade_price(
+        request, response_callback, control, context.is_active)
+
+
+class GetLastTradePriceMessages(_service.UnaryUnaryTestMessages):
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._index = 0
+
+  def request(self):
+    symbol = _SYMBOL_FORMAT % self._index
+    self._index += 1
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest(symbol=symbol)
+
+  def verify(self, request, response, test_case):
+    test_case.assertEqual(request.symbol, response.symbol)
+    test_case.assertEqual(_price(request.symbol), response.price)
+
+
+class GetLastTradePriceMultiple(_service.StreamStreamTestMethodImplementation):
+  """GetLastTradePriceMultiple for use in tests."""
+
+  def group(self):
+    return _STOCK_GROUP_NAME
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'GetLastTradePriceMultiple'
+
+  def cardinality(self):
+    return cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_STREAM
+
+  def request_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest
+
+  def response_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply
+
+  def serialize_request(self, request):
+    return request.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_request(self, serialized_request):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest.FromString(serialized_request)
+
+  def serialize_response(self, response):
+    return response.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_response(self, serialized_response):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply.FromString(serialized_response)
+
+  def service(self, response_consumer, context, control):
+    return _get_last_trade_price_multiple(
+        response_consumer, control, context.is_active)
+
+
+class GetLastTradePriceMultipleMessages(_service.StreamStreamTestMessages):
+  """Pairs of message streams for use with GetLastTradePriceMultiple."""
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._index = 0
+
+  def requests(self):
+    base_index = self._index
+    self._index += 1
+    return [
+        stock_pb2.StockRequest(symbol=_SYMBOL_FORMAT % (base_index + index))
+        for index in range(test_constants.STREAM_LENGTH)]
+
+  def verify(self, requests, responses, test_case):
+    test_case.assertEqual(len(requests), len(responses))
+    for stock_request, stock_reply in zip(requests, responses):
+      test_case.assertEqual(stock_request.symbol, stock_reply.symbol)
+      test_case.assertEqual(_price(stock_request.symbol), stock_reply.price)
+
+
+class WatchFutureTrades(_service.UnaryStreamTestMethodImplementation):
+  """WatchFutureTrades for use in tests."""
+
+  def group(self):
+    return _STOCK_GROUP_NAME
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'WatchFutureTrades'
+
+  def cardinality(self):
+    return cardinality.Cardinality.UNARY_STREAM
+
+  def request_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest
+
+  def response_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply
+
+  def serialize_request(self, request):
+    return request.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_request(self, serialized_request):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest.FromString(serialized_request)
+
+  def serialize_response(self, response):
+    return response.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_response(self, serialized_response):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply.FromString(serialized_response)
+
+  def service(self, request, response_consumer, context, control):
+    _watch_future_trades(request, response_consumer, control, context.is_active)
+
+
+class WatchFutureTradesMessages(_service.UnaryStreamTestMessages):
+  """Pairs of a single request message and a sequence of response messages."""
+
+  def __init__(self):
+    self._index = 0
+
+  def request(self):
+    symbol = _SYMBOL_FORMAT % self._index
+    self._index += 1
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest(
+        symbol=symbol, num_trades_to_watch=test_constants.STREAM_LENGTH)
+
+  def verify(self, request, responses, test_case):
+    test_case.assertEqual(test_constants.STREAM_LENGTH, len(responses))
+    base_price = _price(request.symbol)
+    for index, response in enumerate(responses):
+      test_case.assertEqual(base_price + index, response.price)
+
+
+class GetHighestTradePrice(_service.StreamUnaryTestMethodImplementation):
+  """GetHighestTradePrice for use in tests."""
+
+  def group(self):
+    return _STOCK_GROUP_NAME
+
+  def name(self):
+    return 'GetHighestTradePrice'
+
+  def cardinality(self):
+    return cardinality.Cardinality.STREAM_UNARY
+
+  def request_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest
+
+  def response_class(self):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply
+
+  def serialize_request(self, request):
+    return request.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_request(self, serialized_request):
+    return stock_pb2.StockRequest.FromString(serialized_request)
+
+  def serialize_response(self, response):
+    return response.SerializeToString()
+
+  def deserialize_response(self, serialized_response):
+    return stock_pb2.StockReply.FromString(serialized_response)
+
+  def service(self, response_callback, context, control):
+    return _get_highest_trade_price(
+        response_callback, control, context.is_active)
+
+
+class GetHighestTradePriceMessages(_service.StreamUnaryTestMessages):
+
+  def requests(self):
+    return [
+        stock_pb2.StockRequest(symbol=_SYMBOL_FORMAT % index)
+        for index in range(test_constants.STREAM_LENGTH)]
+
+  def verify(self, requests, response, test_case):
+    price = None
+    symbol = None
+    for stock_request in requests:
+      current_symbol = stock_request.symbol
+      current_price = _price(current_symbol)
+      if price is None or price < current_price:
+        price = current_price
+        symbol = current_symbol
+    test_case.assertEqual(price, response.price)
+    test_case.assertEqual(symbol, response.symbol)
+
+
+class StockTestService(_service.TestService):
+  """A corpus of test data with one method of each RPC cardinality."""
+
+  def unary_unary_scenarios(self):
+    return {
+        (_STOCK_GROUP_NAME, 'GetLastTradePrice'): (
+            GetLastTradePrice(), [GetLastTradePriceMessages()]),
+    }
+
+  def unary_stream_scenarios(self):
+    return {
+        (_STOCK_GROUP_NAME, 'WatchFutureTrades'): (
+            WatchFutureTrades(), [WatchFutureTradesMessages()]),
+    }
+
+  def stream_unary_scenarios(self):
+    return {
+        (_STOCK_GROUP_NAME, 'GetHighestTradePrice'): (
+            GetHighestTradePrice(), [GetHighestTradePriceMessages()])
+    }
+
+  def stream_stream_scenarios(self):
+    return {
+        (_STOCK_GROUP_NAME, 'GetLastTradePriceMultiple'): (
+            GetLastTradePriceMultiple(), [GetLastTradePriceMultipleMessages()]),
+    }
+
+
+STOCK_TEST_SERVICE = StockTestService()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/test_cases.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/test_cases.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca623662f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/test_cases.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Tools for creating tests of implementations of the Face layer."""
+
+# unittest is referenced from specification in this module.
+import unittest  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+# test_interfaces is referenced from specification in this module.
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _blocking_invocation_inline_service
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _event_invocation_synchronous_event_service
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _future_invocation_asynchronous_event_service
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import _invocation
+from grpc_test.framework.interfaces.face import test_interfaces  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+_TEST_CASE_SUPERCLASSES = (
+    _blocking_invocation_inline_service.TestCase,
+    _event_invocation_synchronous_event_service.TestCase,
+    _future_invocation_asynchronous_event_service.TestCase,
+)
+
+
+def test_cases(implementation):
+  """Creates unittest.TestCase classes for a given Face layer implementation.
+
+  Args:
+    implementation: A test_interfaces.Implementation specifying creation and
+      destruction of a given Face layer implementation.
+
+  Returns:
+    A sequence of subclasses of unittest.TestCase defining tests of the
+      specified Face layer implementation.
+  """
+  test_case_classes = []
+  for invoker_constructor in _invocation.invoker_constructors():
+    for super_class in _TEST_CASE_SUPERCLASSES:
+      test_case_classes.append(
+          type(invoker_constructor.name() + super_class.NAME, (super_class,),
+               {'implementation': implementation,
+                'invoker_constructor': invoker_constructor}))
+  return test_case_classes
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/test_interfaces.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/test_interfaces.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b2b5c10fa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/face/test_interfaces.py
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+# Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Interfaces used in tests of implementations of the Face layer."""
+
+import abc
+
+from grpc.framework.common import cardinality  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.face import face  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+
+
+class Method(object):
+  """Specifies a method to be used in tests."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def group(self):
+    """Identify the group of the method.
+
+    Returns:
+      The group of the method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def name(self):
+    """Identify the name of the method.
+
+    Returns:
+      The name of the method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def cardinality(self):
+    """Identify the cardinality of the method.
+
+    Returns:
+      A cardinality.Cardinality value describing the streaming semantics of the
+        method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def request_class(self):
+    """Identify the class used for the method's request objects.
+
+    Returns:
+      The class object of the class to which the method's request objects
+        belong.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def response_class(self):
+    """Identify the class used for the method's response objects.
+
+    Returns:
+      The class object of the class to which the method's response objects
+        belong.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def serialize_request(self, request):
+    """Serialize the given request object.
+
+    Args:
+      request: A request object appropriate for this method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def deserialize_request(self, serialized_request):
+    """Synthesize a request object from a given bytestring.
+
+    Args:
+      serialized_request: A bytestring deserializable into a request object
+        appropriate for this method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def serialize_response(self, response):
+    """Serialize the given response object.
+
+    Args:
+      response: A response object appropriate for this method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def deserialize_response(self, serialized_response):
+    """Synthesize a response object from a given bytestring.
+
+    Args:
+      serialized_response: A bytestring deserializable into a response object
+        appropriate for this method.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class Implementation(object):
+  """Specifies an implementation of the Face layer."""
+  __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def instantiate(
+      self, methods, method_implementations,
+      multi_method_implementation):
+    """Instantiates the Face layer implementation to be used in a test.
+
+    Args:
+      methods: A sequence of Method objects describing the methods available to
+        be called during the test.
+      method_implementations: A dictionary from group-name pair to
+        face.MethodImplementation object specifying implementation of a method.
+      multi_method_implementation: A face.MultiMethodImplementation or None.
+
+    Returns:
+      A sequence of length three the first element of which is a
+        face.GenericStub, the second element of which is dictionary from groups
+        to face.DynamicStubs affording invocation of the group's methods, and
+        the third element of which is an arbitrary memo object to be kept and
+        passed to destantiate at the conclusion of the test. The returned stubs
+        must be backed by the provided implementations.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def destantiate(self, memo):
+    """Destroys the Face layer implementation under test.
+
+    Args:
+      memo: The object from the third position of the return value of a call to
+        instantiate.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def invocation_metadata(self):
+    """Provides the metadata to be used when invoking a test RPC.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object to use as the supplied-at-invocation-time metadata in a test
+        RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def initial_metadata(self):
+    """Provides the metadata for use as a test RPC's first servicer metadata.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object to use as the from-the-servicer-before-responses metadata in a
+        test RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def terminal_metadata(self):
+    """Provides the metadata for use as a test RPC's second servicer metadata.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object to use as the from-the-servicer-after-all-responses metadata in
+        a test RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def code(self):
+    """Provides the value for use as a test RPC's code.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object to use as the from-the-servicer code in a test RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def details(self):
+    """Provides the value for use as a test RPC's details.
+
+    Returns:
+      An object to use as the from-the-servicer details in a test RPC.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
+
+  @abc.abstractmethod
+  def metadata_transmitted(self, original_metadata, transmitted_metadata):
+    """Identifies whether or not metadata was properly transmitted.
+
+    Args:
+      original_metadata: A metadata value passed to the Face interface
+        implementation under test.
+      transmitted_metadata: The same metadata value after having been
+        transmitted via an RPC performed by the Face interface implementation
+          under test.
+
+    Returns:
+      Whether or not the metadata was properly transmitted by the Face interface
+        implementation under test.
+    """
+    raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_cases.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_cases.py
index 1e575d1a9e..ecf49d9cdb 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_cases.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_cases.py
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ class TransmissionTest(object):
         invocation_operation_id, 0, _TRANSMISSION_GROUP, _TRANSMISSION_METHOD,
         links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL, timeout, 0, invocation_initial_metadata,
         invocation_payload, invocation_terminal_metadata, invocation_code,
-        invocation_message, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+        invocation_message, links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, None)
     self._invocation_link.accept_ticket(original_invocation_ticket)
 
     self._service_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ class TransmissionTest(object):
         service_operation_id, 0, None, None, links.Ticket.Subscription.FULL,
         timeout, 0, service_initial_metadata, service_payload,
         service_terminal_metadata, service_code, service_message,
-        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION)
+        links.Ticket.Termination.COMPLETION, None)
     self._service_link.accept_ticket(original_service_ticket)
     self._invocation_mate.block_until_tickets_satisfy(terminated)
     self._assert_is_valid_service_sequence(
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_utilities.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_utilities.py
index 6c2e3346aa..39c7f2fc63 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_utilities.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/grpc_test/framework/interfaces/links/test_utilities.py
@@ -29,9 +29,42 @@
 
 """State and behavior appropriate for use in tests."""
 
+import logging
 import threading
+import time
 
 from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import links
+from grpc.framework.interfaces.links import utilities
+
+# A more-or-less arbitrary limit on the length of raw data values to be logged.
+_UNCOMFORTABLY_LONG = 48
+
+
+def _safe_for_log_ticket(ticket):
+  """Creates a safe-for-printing-to-the-log ticket for a given ticket.
+
+  Args:
+    ticket: Any links.Ticket.
+
+  Returns:
+    A links.Ticket that is as much as can be equal to the given ticket but
+      possibly features values like the string "<payload of length 972321>" in
+      place of the actual values of the given ticket.
+  """
+  if isinstance(ticket.payload, (basestring,)):
+    payload_length = len(ticket.payload)
+  else:
+    payload_length = -1
+  if payload_length < _UNCOMFORTABLY_LONG:
+    return ticket
+  else:
+    return links.Ticket(
+        ticket.operation_id, ticket.sequence_number,
+        ticket.group, ticket.method, ticket.subscription, ticket.timeout,
+        ticket.allowance, ticket.initial_metadata,
+        '<payload of length {}>'.format(payload_length),
+        ticket.terminal_metadata, ticket.code, ticket.message,
+        ticket.termination, None)
 
 
 class RecordingLink(links.Link):
@@ -64,3 +97,71 @@ class RecordingLink(links.Link):
     """Returns a copy of the list of all tickets received by this Link."""
     with self._condition:
       return tuple(self._tickets)
+
+
+class _Pipe(object):
+  """A conduit that logs all tickets passed through it."""
+
+  def __init__(self, name):
+    self._lock = threading.Lock()
+    self._name = name
+    self._left_mate = utilities.NULL_LINK
+    self._right_mate = utilities.NULL_LINK
+
+  def accept_left_to_right_ticket(self, ticket):
+    with self._lock:
+      logging.warning(
+          '%s: moving left to right through %s: %s', time.time(), self._name,
+          _safe_for_log_ticket(ticket))
+      try:
+        self._right_mate.accept_ticket(ticket)
+      except Exception as e:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        logging.exception(e)
+
+  def accept_right_to_left_ticket(self, ticket):
+    with self._lock:
+      logging.warning(
+          '%s: moving right to left through %s: %s', time.time(), self._name,
+          _safe_for_log_ticket(ticket))
+      try:
+        self._left_mate.accept_ticket(ticket)
+      except Exception as e:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        logging.exception(e)
+
+  def join_left_mate(self, left_mate):
+    with self._lock:
+      self._left_mate = utilities.NULL_LINK if left_mate is None else left_mate
+
+  def join_right_mate(self, right_mate):
+    with self._lock:
+      self._right_mate = (
+          utilities.NULL_LINK if right_mate is None else right_mate)
+
+
+class _Facade(links.Link):
+
+  def __init__(self, accept, join):
+    self._accept = accept
+    self._join = join
+
+  def accept_ticket(self, ticket):
+    self._accept(ticket)
+
+  def join_link(self, link):
+    self._join(link)
+
+
+def logging_links(name):
+  """Creates a conduit that logs all tickets passed through it.
+
+  Args:
+    name: A name to use for the conduit to identify itself in logging output.
+
+  Returns:
+    Two links.Links, the first of which is the "left" side of the conduit
+      and the second of which is the "right" side of the conduit.
+  """
+  pipe = _Pipe(name)
+  left_facade = _Facade(pipe.accept_left_to_right_ticket, pipe.join_left_mate)
+  right_facade = _Facade(pipe.accept_right_to_left_ticket, pipe.join_right_mate)
+  return left_facade, right_facade
diff --git a/src/python/grpcio_test/setup.py b/src/python/grpcio_test/setup.py
index a6203cae2d..898ea204ac 100644
--- a/src/python/grpcio_test/setup.py
+++ b/src/python/grpcio_test/setup.py
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ _SETUP_REQUIRES = (
     'pytest>=2.6',
     'pytest-cov>=2.0',
     'pytest-xdist>=1.11',
+    'pytest-timeout>=0.5',
 )
 
 _INSTALL_REQUIRES = (
diff --git a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_channel.c b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_channel.c
index 6491aa4fb4..90afdc3fe1 100644
--- a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_channel.c
+++ b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_channel.c
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ static VALUE grpc_rb_channel_init(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) {
     ch = grpc_insecure_channel_create(target_chars, &args, NULL);
   } else {
     creds = grpc_rb_get_wrapped_credentials(credentials);
-    ch = grpc_secure_channel_create(creds, target_chars, &args);
+    ch = grpc_secure_channel_create(creds, target_chars, &args, NULL);
   }
   if (args.args != NULL) {
     xfree(args.args); /* Allocated by grpc_rb_hash_convert_to_channel_args */
diff --git a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_credentials.c b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_credentials.c
index a9dcdbce9f..ac3804df6f 100644
--- a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_credentials.c
+++ b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_credentials.c
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ static VALUE grpc_rb_default_credentials_create(VALUE cls) {
     Creates the default credential instances. */
 static VALUE grpc_rb_compute_engine_credentials_create(VALUE cls) {
   grpc_rb_credentials *wrapper = ALLOC(grpc_rb_credentials);
-  wrapper->wrapped = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create();
+  wrapper->wrapped = grpc_compute_engine_credentials_create(NULL);
   if (wrapper->wrapped == NULL) {
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError,
              "could not create composite engine credentials, not sure why");
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ static VALUE grpc_rb_composite_credentials_create(VALUE self, VALUE other) {
   TypedData_Get_Struct(other, grpc_rb_credentials,
                        &grpc_rb_credentials_data_type, other_wrapper);
   wrapper = ALLOC(grpc_rb_credentials);
-  wrapper->wrapped = grpc_composite_credentials_create(self_wrapper->wrapped,
-                                                       other_wrapper->wrapped);
+  wrapper->wrapped = grpc_composite_credentials_create(
+      self_wrapper->wrapped, other_wrapper->wrapped, NULL);
   if (wrapper->wrapped == NULL) {
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError,
              "could not create composite credentials, not sure why");
@@ -234,12 +234,13 @@ static VALUE grpc_rb_credentials_init(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) {
     return Qnil;
   }
   if (pem_private_key == Qnil && pem_cert_chain == Qnil) {
-    creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(RSTRING_PTR(pem_root_certs), NULL);
+    creds =
+        grpc_ssl_credentials_create(RSTRING_PTR(pem_root_certs), NULL, NULL);
   } else {
     key_cert_pair.private_key = RSTRING_PTR(pem_private_key);
     key_cert_pair.cert_chain = RSTRING_PTR(pem_cert_chain);
     creds = grpc_ssl_credentials_create(RSTRING_PTR(pem_root_certs),
-                                        &key_cert_pair);
+                                        &key_cert_pair, NULL);
   }
   if (creds == NULL) {
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "could not create a credentials, not sure why");
diff --git a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_server_credentials.c b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_server_credentials.c
index 62c211d769..6af4c86c45 100644
--- a/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_server_credentials.c
+++ b/src/ruby/ext/grpc/rb_server_credentials.c
@@ -178,10 +178,11 @@ static VALUE grpc_rb_server_credentials_init(VALUE self, VALUE pem_root_certs,
   key_cert_pair.cert_chain = RSTRING_PTR(pem_cert_chain);
   /* TODO Add a force_client_auth parameter and pass it here. */
   if (pem_root_certs == Qnil) {
-    creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(NULL, &key_cert_pair, 1, 0);
+    creds =
+        grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(NULL, &key_cert_pair, 1, 0, NULL);
   } else {
     creds = grpc_ssl_server_credentials_create(RSTRING_PTR(pem_root_certs),
-                                               &key_cert_pair, 1, 0);
+                                               &key_cert_pair, 1, 0, NULL);
   }
   if (creds == NULL) {
     rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "could not create a credentials, not sure why");
author	murgatroid99 <mlumish@google.com>	2015-08-28 12:36:48 -0700
committer	murgatroid99 <mlumish@google.com>	2015-08-28 12:36:48 -0700
commit	970842535d6abdaf6c5c040fb2b432c423200f26 (patch)
tree	fac649e584b56da9bff6c19e8d3a637ce55505a4 /src
parent	4e53265f6470a8736967f9cbc2e0797ad04755ca (diff)
parent	956e411e31c97836702aac5675e9f509b2231426 (diff)