imported a reworked version of BTL (Benchmark for Templated Libraries).

the modifications to initial code follow:
* changed build system from plain makefiles to cmake
* added eigen2 (4 versions: vec/novec and fixed/dynamic), GMM++, MTL4 interfaces
* added "transposed matrix * vector" product action
* updated blitz interface to use condensed products instead of hand coded loops
* removed some deprecated interfaces
* changed default storage order to column major for all libraries
* new generic bench timer strategy which is supposed to be more accurate
* various code clean-up

8 files changed, 922 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/STL_perf_analyzer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/STL_perf_analyzer.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c9f894b1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/STL_perf_analyzer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  STL_perf_analyzer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>        
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar déc 3 18:59:35 CET 2002
+//=====================================================
+// 
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+// 
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+// 
+#ifndef _STL_PERF_ANALYSER_HH
+#define _STL_PERF_ANALYSER_HH
+
+#include "STL_timer.hh"
+#include "bench_parameter.hh"
+
+template<class ACTION>
+class STL_Perf_Analyzer{
+public:  
+  STL_Perf_Analyzer(unsigned long long nb_sample=DEFAULT_NB_SAMPLE):_nb_sample(nb_sample),_chronos()
+  {
+    MESSAGE("STL_Perf_Analyzer Ctor");
+  }; 
+  STL_Perf_Analyzer( const STL_Perf_Analyzer & ){
+    INFOS("Copy Ctor not implemented");
+    exit(0);
+  };
+  ~STL_Perf_Analyzer( void ){
+    MESSAGE("STL_Perf_Analyzer Dtor");
+  };
+  
+  
+  inline double eval_mflops(int size)
+  {
+
+    ACTION action(size);
+
+    _chronos.start_baseline(_nb_sample);
+      
+    do {
+
+      action.initialize();
+    } while (_chronos.check());
+
+    double baseline_time=_chronos.get_time();
+
+    _chronos.start(_nb_sample);
+    do {
+      action.initialize();
+      action.calculate();
+    } while (_chronos.check());
+
+    double calculate_time=_chronos.get_time();
+
+    double corrected_time=calculate_time-baseline_time;
+    
+    //    cout << size <<" "<<baseline_time<<" "<<calculate_time<<" "<<corrected_time<<" "<<action.nb_op_base() << endl;    
+    
+    return action.nb_op_base()/(corrected_time*1000000.0);
+    //return action.nb_op_base()/(calculate_time*1000000.0);
+    
+  }
+private:
+
+  STL_Timer _chronos;
+  unsigned long long _nb_sample;
+
+  
+};
+
+  
+  
+#endif
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/STL_timer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/STL_timer.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..19c54e9c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/STL_timer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  STL_Timer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>        
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar déc 3 18:59:35 CET 2002
+//=====================================================
+// 
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+// 
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+// 
+// STL Timer Class. Adapted (L.P.) from the timer class by Musser et Al
+// described int the Book : STL Tutorial and reference guide.
+// Define a timer class for analyzing algorithm performance.
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <algorithm>
+using namespace std;
+
+class STL_Timer {
+public:
+  STL_Timer(){ baseline = false; };  // Default constructor
+  // Start a series of r trials:
+  void start(unsigned int r){
+    reps = r;
+    count = 0;
+    iterations.clear();
+    iterations.reserve(reps);
+    initial = time(0);
+  };
+  // Start a series of r trials to determine baseline time:
+  void start_baseline(unsigned int r)
+  {
+    baseline = true;
+    start(r);
+  }
+  // Returns true if the trials have been completed, else false
+  bool check()
+  {
+    ++count;
+    final = time(0);
+    if (initial < final) {
+      iterations.push_back(count);  
+      initial = final;
+      count = 0;
+    }
+    return (iterations.size() < reps);
+  };
+  // Returns the results for external use
+  double get_time( void )
+  {
+    sort(iterations.begin(), iterations.end());
+    return 1.0/iterations[reps/2];
+  };
+private:
+  unsigned int reps;  // Number of trials
+  // For storing loop iterations of a trial
+  vector<long> iterations;
+  // For saving initial and final times of a trial
+  time_t initial, final;
+  // For counting loop iterations of a trial
+  unsigned long count;
+  // true if this is a baseline computation, false otherwise
+  bool baseline;
+  // For recording the baseline time 
+  double baseline_time;
+};
+
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/mixed_perf_analyzer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/mixed_perf_analyzer.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e190236e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/mixed_perf_analyzer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  mixed_perf_analyzer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>        
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar déc 3 18:59:36 CET 2002
+//=====================================================
+// 
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+// 
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+// 
+#ifndef _MIXED_PERF_ANALYSER_HH
+#define _MIXED_PERF_ANALYSER_HH
+
+#include "x86_perf_analyzer.hh"
+#include "portable_perf_analyzer.hh"
+
+// choose portable perf analyzer for long calculations and x86 analyser for short ones
+
+
+template<class Action>
+class Mixed_Perf_Analyzer{
+  
+public:  
+  Mixed_Perf_Analyzer( void ):_x86pa(),_ppa(),_use_ppa(true)
+  {
+    MESSAGE("Mixed_Perf_Analyzer Ctor");
+  }; 
+  Mixed_Perf_Analyzer( const Mixed_Perf_Analyzer & ){
+    INFOS("Copy Ctor not implemented");
+    exit(0);
+  };
+  ~Mixed_Perf_Analyzer( void ){
+    MESSAGE("Mixed_Perf_Analyzer Dtor");
+  };
+    
+  
+  inline double eval_mflops(int size)
+  {
+
+    double result=0.0;
+    if (_use_ppa){      
+      result=_ppa.eval_mflops(size);
+      if (_ppa.get_nb_calc()>DEFAULT_NB_SAMPLE){_use_ppa=false;}      
+    }
+    else{      
+      result=_x86pa.eval_mflops(size);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+private:
+
+  Portable_Perf_Analyzer<Action> _ppa;
+  X86_Perf_Analyzer<Action> _x86pa;
+  bool _use_ppa;
+
+};
+
+#endif
+
+  
+    
+  
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_perf_analyzer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_perf_analyzer.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..709f0de5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_perf_analyzer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  portable_perf_analyzer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar d�c 3 18:59:35 CET 2002
+// Copyright (C) 2008 Gael Guennebaud <g.gael@free.fr>
+//=====================================================
+//
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+//
+#ifndef _PORTABLE_PERF_ANALYZER_HH
+#define _PORTABLE_PERF_ANALYZER_HH
+
+#include "utilities.h"
+#include "timers/portable_timer.hh"
+
+template <class Action>
+class Portable_Perf_Analyzer{
+public:
+  Portable_Perf_Analyzer( void ):_nb_calc(1),_chronos(){
+    MESSAGE("Portable_Perf_Analyzer Ctor");
+  };
+  Portable_Perf_Analyzer( const Portable_Perf_Analyzer & ){
+    INFOS("Copy Ctor not implemented");
+    exit(0);
+  };
+  ~Portable_Perf_Analyzer( void ){
+    MESSAGE("Portable_Perf_Analyzer Dtor");
+  };
+
+
+
+  inline double eval_mflops(int size)
+  {
+    Action action(size);
+
+
+    double time_action = time_calculate(action);
+    while (time_action < MIN_TIME)
+    {
+      _nb_calc *= 2;
+      action.initialize();
+      time_action = time_calculate(action);
+    }
+
+    // optimize
+    for (int i=1; i<NB_TRIES; ++i)
+    {
+      action.initialize();
+      time_action = std::min(time_action, time_calculate(action));
+    }
+
+    time_action = time_action / (double(_nb_calc));
+
+    // check
+    action.initialize();
+    action.calculate();
+    action.check_result();
+
+    return action.nb_op_base()/(time_action*1000000.0);
+  }
+
+  double time_calculate(Action & action)
+  {
+    // time measurement
+    _chronos.start();
+    for (int ii=0;ii<_nb_calc;ii++)
+    {
+      action.calculate();
+    }
+    _chronos.stop();
+    return _chronos.user_time();
+  }
+
+  unsigned long long get_nb_calc( void )
+  {
+    return _nb_calc;
+  }
+
+
+private:
+  unsigned long long _nb_calc;
+  Portable_Timer _chronos;
+
+};
+
+#endif //_PORTABLE_PERF_ANALYZER_HH
+
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_perf_analyzer_old.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_perf_analyzer_old.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fce378168
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_perf_analyzer_old.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  portable_perf_analyzer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar d�c 3 18:59:35 CET 2002
+//=====================================================
+//
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+//
+#ifndef _PORTABLE_PERF_ANALYZER_HH
+#define _PORTABLE_PERF_ANALYZER_HH
+
+#include "utilities.h"
+#include "timers/portable_timer.hh"
+
+template <class Action>
+class Portable_Perf_Analyzer{
+public:
+  Portable_Perf_Analyzer( void ):_nb_calc(1),_nb_init(1),_chronos(){
+    MESSAGE("Portable_Perf_Analyzer Ctor");
+  };
+  Portable_Perf_Analyzer( const Portable_Perf_Analyzer & ){
+    INFOS("Copy Ctor not implemented");
+    exit(0);
+  };
+  ~Portable_Perf_Analyzer( void ){
+    MESSAGE("Portable_Perf_Analyzer Dtor");
+  };
+
+
+
+  inline double eval_mflops(int size)
+  {
+
+    Action action(size);
+
+//     double time_baseline = time_init(action);
+//     while (time_baseline < MIN_TIME_INIT)
+//     {
+//       _nb_init *= 2;
+//       time_baseline = time_init(action);
+//     }
+//
+//     // optimize
+//     for (int i=1; i<NB_TRIES; ++i)
+//       time_baseline = std::min(time_baseline, time_init(action));
+//
+//     time_baseline = time_baseline/(double(_nb_init));
+
+    double time_action = time_calculate(action);
+    while (time_action < MIN_TIME)
+    {
+      _nb_calc *= 2;
+      time_action = time_calculate(action);
+    }
+
+    // optimize
+    for (int i=1; i<NB_TRIES; ++i)
+      time_action = std::min(time_action, time_calculate(action));
+
+//     INFOS("size="<<size);
+//     INFOS("_nb_init="<<_nb_init);
+//     INFOS("_nb_calc="<<_nb_calc);
+
+    time_action = time_action / (double(_nb_calc));
+
+    action.check_result();
+
+
+    double time_baseline = time_init(action);
+    for (int i=1; i<NB_TRIES; ++i)
+      time_baseline = std::min(time_baseline, time_init(action));
+    time_baseline = time_baseline/(double(_nb_init));
+
+
+
+//     INFOS("time_baseline="<<time_baseline);
+//     INFOS("time_action="<<time_action);
+
+    time_action = time_action - time_baseline;
+
+//     INFOS("time_corrected="<<time_action);
+
+    return action.nb_op_base()/(time_action*1000000.0);
+  }
+
+  inline double time_init(Action & action)
+  {
+    // time measurement
+    _chronos.start();
+    for (int ii=0; ii<_nb_init; ii++)
+      action.initialize();
+    _chronos.stop();
+    return _chronos.user_time();
+  }
+
+
+  inline double time_calculate(Action & action)
+  {
+    // time measurement
+    _chronos.start();
+    for (int ii=0;ii<_nb_calc;ii++)
+    {
+      action.initialize();
+      action.calculate();
+    }
+    _chronos.stop();
+    return _chronos.user_time();
+  }
+
+  unsigned long long get_nb_calc( void )
+  {
+    return _nb_calc;
+  }
+
+
+private:
+  unsigned long long _nb_calc;
+  unsigned long long _nb_init;
+  Portable_Timer _chronos;
+
+};
+
+#endif //_PORTABLE_PERF_ANALYZER_HH
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_timer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_timer.hh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3b7c5266b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/portable_timer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  portable_timer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)> from boost lib
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  lun sep 30 14:23:17 CEST 2002
+//=====================================================
+// 
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+// 
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+// 
+//  simple_time extracted from the boost library
+//  
+#ifndef _PORTABLE_TIMER_HH
+#define _PORTABLE_TIMER_HH
+
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
+
+#define USEC_IN_SEC 1000000
+
+
+//  timer  -------------------------------------------------------------------//
+
+//  A timer object measures CPU time.
+
+class Portable_Timer
+{
+ public:
+
+  Portable_Timer( void ):_utime_sec_start(-1),
+		_utime_usec_start(-1),
+		_utime_sec_stop(-1),
+		_utime_usec_stop(-1)
+  {
+  }
+    
+
+  void   start() 
+  { 
+    
+    int status=getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &resourcesUsage) ;
+    
+    _start_time = std::clock(); 
+
+    _utime_sec_start  =  resourcesUsage.ru_utime.tv_sec ;
+    _utime_usec_start =  resourcesUsage.ru_utime.tv_usec ;
+
+  }
+  
+  void stop() 
+  { 
+    
+    int status=getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &resourcesUsage) ;
+    
+    _stop_time = std::clock(); 
+    
+    _utime_sec_stop  =  resourcesUsage.ru_utime.tv_sec ;
+    _utime_usec_stop =  resourcesUsage.ru_utime.tv_usec ;
+    
+  }
+
+  double elapsed()
+  {
+    return  double(_stop_time - _start_time) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC; 
+  }
+  
+  double user_time()
+  {
+    long tot_utime_sec=_utime_sec_stop-_utime_sec_start;
+    long tot_utime_usec=_utime_usec_stop-_utime_usec_start;
+    return double(tot_utime_sec)+ double(tot_utime_usec)/double(USEC_IN_SEC) ;
+  }
+
+  
+private:
+
+  struct rusage resourcesUsage ;
+  
+  long _utime_sec_start ;
+  long _utime_usec_start ;
+  
+  long _utime_sec_stop ;
+  long _utime_usec_stop ;
+  
+  std::clock_t _start_time;
+  std::clock_t _stop_time;
+
+}; // Portable_Timer
+
+
+#endif  // PORTABLE_TIMER_HPP
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/x86_perf_analyzer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/x86_perf_analyzer.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37ea21dcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/x86_perf_analyzer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  x86_perf_analyzer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar d�c 3 18:59:35 CET 2002
+//=====================================================
+//
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+//
+#ifndef _X86_PERF_ANALYSER_HH
+#define _X86_PERF_ANALYSER_HH
+
+#include "x86_timer.hh"
+#include "bench_parameter.hh"
+
+template<class ACTION>
+class X86_Perf_Analyzer{
+public:
+  X86_Perf_Analyzer( unsigned long long nb_sample=DEFAULT_NB_SAMPLE):_nb_sample(nb_sample),_chronos()
+  {
+    MESSAGE("X86_Perf_Analyzer Ctor");
+    _chronos.find_frequency();
+  };
+  X86_Perf_Analyzer( const X86_Perf_Analyzer & ){
+    INFOS("Copy Ctor not implemented");
+    exit(0);
+  };
+  ~X86_Perf_Analyzer( void ){
+    MESSAGE("X86_Perf_Analyzer Dtor");
+  };
+
+
+  inline double eval_mflops(int size)
+  {
+
+    ACTION action(size);
+
+    int nb_loop=5;
+    double calculate_time=0.0;
+    double baseline_time=0.0;
+
+    for (int j=0 ; j < nb_loop ; j++){
+
+      _chronos.clear();
+
+      for(int i=0 ; i < _nb_sample  ; i++)
+      {
+        _chronos.start();
+        action.initialize();
+        action.calculate();
+        _chronos.stop();
+        _chronos.add_get_click();
+      }
+
+      calculate_time += double(_chronos.get_shortest_clicks())/_chronos.frequency();
+
+      if (j==0) action.check_result();
+
+      _chronos.clear();
+
+      for(int i=0 ; i < _nb_sample  ; i++)
+      {
+        _chronos.start();
+        action.initialize();
+        _chronos.stop();
+        _chronos.add_get_click();
+
+      }
+
+      baseline_time+=double(_chronos.get_shortest_clicks())/_chronos.frequency();
+
+    }
+
+    double corrected_time = (calculate_time-baseline_time)/double(nb_loop);
+
+
+//     INFOS("_nb_sample="<<_nb_sample);
+//     INFOS("baseline_time="<<baseline_time);
+//     INFOS("calculate_time="<<calculate_time);
+//     INFOS("corrected_time="<<corrected_time);
+
+//    cout << size <<" "<<baseline_time<<" "<<calculate_time<<" "<<corrected_time<<" "<<action.nb_op_base() << endl;
+
+    return action.nb_op_base()/(corrected_time*1000000.0);
+    //return action.nb_op_base()/(calculate_time*1000000.0);
+  }
+
+private:
+
+  X86_Timer _chronos;
+  unsigned long long _nb_sample;
+
+
+};
+
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/x86_timer.hh b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/x86_timer.hh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfb5ee833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bench/btl/generic_bench/timers/x86_timer.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+//=====================================================
+// File   :  x86_timer.hh
+// Author :  L. Plagne <laurent.plagne@edf.fr)>        
+// Copyright (C) EDF R&D,  mar d�c 3 18:59:35 CET 2002
+//=====================================================
+// 
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+// 
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+// 
+#ifndef _X86_TIMER_HH
+#define _X86_TIMER_HH
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
+//#include "system_time.h"
+#define u32 unsigned int
+#include <asm/msr.h>
+#include "utilities.h"
+#include <map>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+// frequence de la becanne en Hz
+//#define FREQUENCY 648000000
+//#define FREQUENCY 1400000000
+#define FREQUENCY 1695000000
+
+using namespace std;
+
+
+class X86_Timer {
+
+public :
+
+  X86_Timer( void ):_frequency(FREQUENCY),_nb_sample(0)
+  {
+    MESSAGE("X86_Timer Default Ctor");    
+  }
+
+  inline void start( void ){
+
+    rdtsc(_click_start.n32[0],_click_start.n32[1]);
+
+  }
+
+
+  inline void stop( void ){
+
+    rdtsc(_click_stop.n32[0],_click_stop.n32[1]);
+
+  }
+  
+
+  inline double frequency( void ){
+    return _frequency;
+  }
+
+  double get_elapsed_time_in_second( void ){
+
+    return (_click_stop.n64-_click_start.n64)/double(FREQUENCY);
+
+
+  }    
+
+  unsigned long long  get_click( void ){
+    
+    return (_click_stop.n64-_click_start.n64);
+
+  }    
+
+  inline void find_frequency( void ){
+
+    time_t initial, final;
+    int dummy=2;
+
+    initial = time(0);
+    start();
+    do {
+      dummy+=2;
+    }
+    while(time(0)==initial);
+    // On est au debut d'un cycle d'une seconde !!!
+    initial = time(0);
+    start();
+    do {
+      dummy+=2;
+    }
+    while(time(0)==initial);
+    final=time(0);
+    stop();
+    //    INFOS("fine grained time : "<<  get_elapsed_time_in_second());
+    //  INFOS("coarse grained time : "<<  final-initial);
+    _frequency=_frequency*get_elapsed_time_in_second()/double(final-initial);
+    ///  INFOS("CPU frequency : "<<  _frequency);        
+
+  }
+
+  void  add_get_click( void ){
+       
+    _nb_sample++;
+    _counted_clicks[get_click()]++;
+    fill_history_clicks();
+
+  }    
+
+  void dump_statistics(string filemane){
+    
+    ofstream outfile (filemane.c_str(),ios::out) ;
+
+    std::map<unsigned long long , unsigned long long>::iterator itr;
+    for(itr=_counted_clicks.begin() ; itr!=_counted_clicks.end()  ; itr++)
+      {      
+      outfile  << (*itr).first << "  " << (*itr).second << endl ;       
+      }      
+    
+    outfile.close();
+
+  }
+
+  void dump_history(string filemane){
+    
+    ofstream outfile (filemane.c_str(),ios::out) ;
+
+
+
+    for(int i=0 ; i<_history_mean_clicks.size() ; i++)
+      {      
+	outfile  << i << " " 
+		 << _history_mean_clicks[i] << " " 
+		 << _history_shortest_clicks[i] << " " 
+		 << _history_most_occured_clicks[i] << endl ;
+      }      
+    
+    outfile.close();
+
+  }
+     
+
+
+  double get_mean_clicks( void ){
+    
+    std::map<unsigned long long,unsigned long long>::iterator itr;
+    
+    unsigned long long mean_clicks=0;
+
+    for(itr=_counted_clicks.begin() ; itr!=_counted_clicks.end()  ; itr++)
+      {      
+	
+	mean_clicks+=(*itr).second*(*itr).first;
+      }      
+
+    return mean_clicks/double(_nb_sample);
+
+  }
+
+  double get_shortest_clicks( void ){
+    
+    return double((*_counted_clicks.begin()).first);
+
+  }
+
+  void fill_history_clicks( void ){
+
+    _history_mean_clicks.push_back(get_mean_clicks());
+    _history_shortest_clicks.push_back(get_shortest_clicks());
+    _history_most_occured_clicks.push_back(get_most_occured_clicks());
+
+  }
+
+
+  double get_most_occured_clicks( void ){
+
+    unsigned long long moc=0;
+    unsigned long long max_occurence=0;
+
+    std::map<unsigned long long,unsigned long long>::iterator itr;
+
+    for(itr=_counted_clicks.begin() ; itr!=_counted_clicks.end()  ; itr++)
+      {      
+	
+	if (max_occurence<=(*itr).second){
+	  max_occurence=(*itr).second;
+	  moc=(*itr).first;
+	}
+      }      
+    
+    return double(moc);    
+
+  }
+  
+  void clear( void )
+  {
+    _counted_clicks.clear();
+
+    _history_mean_clicks.clear();
+    _history_shortest_clicks.clear();
+    _history_most_occured_clicks.clear();
+
+    _nb_sample=0;
+  }
+
+
+    
+private :
+  
+  union
+  {
+    unsigned long int n32[2] ;
+    unsigned long long n64 ;
+  } _click_start;
+
+  union
+  {
+    unsigned long int n32[2] ;
+    unsigned long long n64 ;
+  } _click_stop;
+
+  double _frequency ;
+
+  map<unsigned long long,unsigned long long> _counted_clicks;
+
+  vector<double> _history_mean_clicks;
+  vector<double> _history_shortest_clicks;
+  vector<double> _history_most_occured_clicks;
+
+  unsigned long long _nb_sample;
+
+  
+
+};
+
+
+#endif