1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
|
// RUN: %boogie -noinfer -useArrayTheory "%s" > "%t"
// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
function {:builtin "MapConst"} MapConstBool(bool) : [int]bool;
type lmap;
function {:linear "mem"} dom(lmap): [int]bool;
function map(lmap): [int]int;
function cons([int]bool, [int]int) : lmap;
axiom (forall x: [int]bool, y: [int]int :: {cons(x,y)} dom(cons(x, y)) == x && map(cons(x,y)) == y);
function EmptyLmap(): (lmap);
axiom (dom(EmptyLmap()) == MapConstBool(false));
function Add(x: lmap, i: int): (lmap);
axiom (forall x: lmap, i: int :: dom(Add(x, i)) == dom(x)[i:=true] && map(Add(x, i)) == map(x));
function Remove(x: lmap, i: int): (lmap);
axiom (forall x: lmap, i: int :: dom(Remove(x, i)) == dom(x)[i:=false] && map(Remove(x, i)) == map(x));
function {:inline} PoolInv(unallocated:[int]bool, pool: lmap) : (bool)
{
(forall x: int :: unallocated[x] ==> dom(pool)[x])
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 2} Main()
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
{
var {:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l: lmap;
var i: int;
par Yield() | Dummy();
while (*)
invariant {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
{
call l, i := Alloc();
async call Thread(l, i);
par Yield() | Dummy();
}
par Yield() | Dummy();
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 2} Thread({:layer 1} {:linear_in "mem"} local_in: lmap, i: int)
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
requires {:layer 1} dom(local_in)[i] && map(local_in)[i] == mem[i];
requires {:layer 2} dom(local_in)[i];
{
var y, o: int;
var {:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} local: lmap;
var {:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l: lmap;
par YieldMem(local_in, i) | Dummy();
call local := Copy(local_in);
call local := Write(local, i, 42);
call o := Read(local, i);
assert {:layer 2} o == 42;
while (*)
invariant {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
{
call l, y := Alloc();
call l := Write(l, y, 42);
call o := Read(l, y);
assert {:layer 2} o == 42;
call Free(l, y);
par Yield() | Dummy();
}
par Yield() | Dummy();
}
procedure {:pure} {:inline 1} Copy({:linear_in "mem"} l: lmap) returns ({:linear "mem"} l': lmap)
{
l' := l;
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 1,2} Alloc() returns ({:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l: lmap, i: int)
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
ensures {:right} |{ A: assume dom(l)[i]; return true; }|;
{
call Yield();
call i := PickAddr();
call l := AllocLinear(i);
call YieldMem(l, i);
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 1,2} Free({:layer 1} {:linear_in "mem"} l: lmap, i: int)
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
requires {:layer 1} dom(l)[i];
ensures {:both} |{ A: return true; }|;
{
call Yield();
call FreeLinear(l, i);
call ReturnAddr(i);
call Yield();
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 1,2} Read({:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l: lmap, i: int) returns (o: int)
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
requires {:layer 1} dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
ensures {:both} |{ A: assert dom(l)[i]; o := map(l)[i]; return true; }|;
{
call YieldMem(l, i);
call o := ReadLow(i);
call YieldMem(l, i);
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 1,2} Write({:layer 1} {:linear_in "mem"} l: lmap, i: int, o: int) returns ({:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l': lmap)
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
requires {:layer 1} dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
ensures {:layer 1} dom(l')[i] && map(l')[i] == mem[i];
ensures {:both} |{ A: assert dom(l)[i]; l' := cons(dom(l), map(l)[i := o]); return true; }|;
{
call YieldMem(l, i);
call WriteLow(i, o);
call l' := WriteLinear(l, i, o);
call YieldMem(l', i);
}
procedure {:layer 1} AllocLinear(i: int) returns ({:linear "mem"} l: lmap);
modifies pool;
requires dom(pool)[i];
ensures pool == Remove(old(pool), i) && dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
procedure {:layer 1} FreeLinear({:linear_in "mem"} l: lmap, i: int);
modifies pool;
requires dom(l)[i];
ensures pool == Add(old(pool), i);
procedure {:layer 1} WriteLinear({:layer 1} {:linear_in "mem"} l: lmap, i: int, o: int) returns ({:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l': lmap);
requires dom(l)[i];
ensures l' == cons(dom(l), map(l)[i := o]);
procedure {:yields} {:layer 1} Yield()
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
{
yield;
assert {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 1} YieldMem({:layer 1} {:linear "mem"} l: lmap, i: int)
requires {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
ensures {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
requires {:layer 1} dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
ensures {:layer 1} dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
{
yield;
assert {:layer 1} PoolInv(unallocated, pool);
assert {:layer 1} dom(l)[i] && map(l)[i] == mem[i];
}
procedure {:yields} {:layer 2} Dummy()
{
yield;
}
var {:layer 1, 1} {:linear "mem"} pool: lmap;
var {:layer 0, 1} mem:[int]int;
var {:layer 0, 1} unallocated:[int]bool;
procedure {:yields} {:layer 0, 1} ReadLow(i: int) returns (o: int);
ensures {:atomic} |{ A: o := mem[i]; return true; }|;
procedure {:yields} {:layer 0, 1} WriteLow(i: int, o: int);
ensures {:atomic} |{ A: mem[i] := o; return true; }|;
procedure {:yields} {:layer 0, 1} PickAddr() returns (i: int);
ensures {:atomic} |{ A: assume unallocated[i]; unallocated[i] := false; return true; }|;
procedure {:yields} {:layer 0, 1} ReturnAddr(i: int);
ensures {:atomic} |{ A: unallocated[i] := true; return true; }|;
|