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Diffstat (limited to 'absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.h')
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diff --git a/absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.h b/absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c74d3353 --- /dev/null +++ b/absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.h @@ -0,0 +1,589 @@ +// Copyright 2020 The Abseil Authors +// +// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +// You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +// limitations under the License. + +#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_CORD_REP_RING_H_ +#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_CORD_REP_RING_H_ + +#include <cassert> +#include <cstddef> +#include <cstdint> +#include <iosfwd> +#include <limits> +#include <memory> + +#include "absl/container/internal/layout.h" +#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_internal.h" +#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_flat.h" + +namespace absl { +ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN +namespace cord_internal { + +// See https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48477 +#ifdef __clang__ +#pragma clang diagnostic push +#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow" +#if __has_warning("-Wshadow-field") +#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow-field" +#endif +#endif + +// All operations modifying a ring buffer are implemented as static methods +// requiring a CordRepRing instance with a reference adopted by the method. +// +// The methods return the modified ring buffer, which may be equal to the input +// if the input was not shared, and having large enough capacity to accommodate +// any newly added node(s). Otherwise, a copy of the input rep with the new +// node(s) added is returned. +// +// Any modification on non shared ring buffers with enough capacity will then +// require minimum atomic operations. Caller should where possible provide +// reasonable `extra` hints for both anticipated extra `flat` byte space, as +// well as anticipated extra nodes required for complex operations. +// +// Example of code creating a ring buffer, adding some data to it, +// and discarding the buffer when done: +// +// void FunWithRings() { +// // Create ring with 3 flats +// CordRep* flat = CreateFlat("Hello"); +// CordRepRing* ring = CordRepRing::Create(flat, 2); +// ring = CordRepRing::Append(ring, CreateFlat(" ")); +// ring = CordRepRing::Append(ring, CreateFlat("world")); +// DoSomethingWithRing(ring); +// CordRep::Unref(ring); +// } +// +// Example of code Copying an existing ring buffer and modifying it: +// +// void MoreFunWithRings(CordRepRing* src) { +// CordRepRing* ring = CordRep::Ref(src)->ring(); +// ring = CordRepRing::Append(ring, CreateFlat("Hello")); +// ring = CordRepRing::Append(ring, CreateFlat(" ")); +// ring = CordRepRing::Append(ring, CreateFlat("world")); +// DoSomethingWithRing(ring); +// CordRep::Unref(ring); +// } +// +class CordRepRing : public CordRep { + public: + // `pos_type` represents a 'logical position'. A CordRepRing instance has a + // `begin_pos` (default 0), and each node inside the buffer will have an + // `end_pos` which is the `end_pos` of the previous node (or `begin_pos`) plus + // this node's length. The purpose is to allow for a binary search on this + // position, while allowing O(1) prepend and append operations. + using pos_type = size_t; + + // `index_type` is the type for the `head`, `tail` and `capacity` indexes. + // Ring buffers are limited to having no more than four billion entries. + using index_type = uint32_t; + + // `offset_type` is the type for the data offset inside a child rep's data. + using offset_type = uint32_t; + + // Position holds the node index and relative offset into the node for + // some physical offset in the contained data as returned by the Find() + // and FindTail() methods. + struct Position { + index_type index; + size_t offset; + }; + + // The maximum # of child nodes that can be hosted inside a CordRepRing. + static constexpr size_t kMaxCapacity = (std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max)(); + + // CordRepring can not be default constructed, moved, copied or assigned. + CordRepRing() = delete; + CordRepRing(const CordRepRing&) = delete; + CordRepRing& operator=(const CordRepRing&) = delete; + + // Returns true if this instance is valid, false if some or all of the + // invariants are broken. Intended for debug purposes only. + // `output` receives an explanation of the broken invariants. + bool IsValid(std::ostream& output) const; + + // Returns the size in bytes for a CordRepRing with `capacity' entries. + static constexpr size_t AllocSize(size_t capacity); + + // Returns the distance in bytes from `pos` to `end_pos`. + static constexpr size_t Distance(pos_type pos, pos_type end_pos); + + // Creates a new ring buffer from the provided `rep`. Adopts a reference + // on `rep`. The returned ring buffer has a capacity of at least `extra + 1` + static CordRepRing* Create(CordRep* child, size_t extra = 0); + + // `head`, `tail` and `capacity` indexes defining the ring buffer boundaries. + index_type head() const { return head_; } + index_type tail() const { return tail_; } + index_type capacity() const { return capacity_; } + + // Returns the number of entries in this instance. + index_type entries() const { return entries(head_, tail_); } + + // Returns the logical begin position of this instance. + pos_type begin_pos() const { return begin_pos_; } + + // Returns the number of entries for a given head-tail range. + // Requires `head` and `tail` values to be less than `capacity()`. + index_type entries(index_type head, index_type tail) const { + assert(head < capacity_ && tail < capacity_); + return tail - head + ((tail > head) ? 0 : capacity_); + } + + // Returns the logical end position of entry `index`. + pos_type const& entry_end_pos(index_type index) const { + assert(IsValidIndex(index)); + return Layout::Partial().Pointer<0>(data_)[index]; + } + + // Returns the child pointer of entry `index`. + CordRep* const& entry_child(index_type index) const { + assert(IsValidIndex(index)); + return Layout::Partial(capacity()).Pointer<1>(data_)[index]; + } + + // Returns the data offset of entry `index` + offset_type const& entry_data_offset(index_type index) const { + assert(IsValidIndex(index)); + return Layout::Partial(capacity(), capacity()).Pointer<2>(data_)[index]; + } + + // Appends the provided child node to the `rep` instance. + // Adopts a reference from `rep` and `child` which may not be null. + // If the provided child is a FLAT or EXTERNAL node, or a SUBSTRING node + // containing a FLAT or EXTERNAL node, then flat or external the node is added + // 'as is', with an offset added for the SUBSTRING case. + // If the provided child is a RING or CONCAT tree, or a SUBSTRING of a RING or + // CONCAT tree, then all child nodes not excluded by any start offset or + // length values are added recursively. + static CordRepRing* Append(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child); + + // Appends the provided string data to the `rep` instance. + // This function will attempt to utilize any remaining capacity in the last + // node of the input if that node is not shared (directly or indirectly), and + // of type FLAT. Remaining data will be added as one or more FLAT nodes. + // Any last node added to the ring buffer will be allocated with up to + // `extra` bytes of capacity for (anticipated) subsequent append actions. + static CordRepRing* Append(CordRepRing* rep, string_view data, + size_t extra = 0); + + // Prepends the provided child node to the `rep` instance. + // Adopts a reference from `rep` and `child` which may not be null. + // If the provided child is a FLAT or EXTERNAL node, or a SUBSTRING node + // containing a FLAT or EXTERNAL node, then flat or external the node is + // prepended 'as is', with an optional offset added for the SUBSTRING case. + // If the provided child is a RING or CONCAT tree, or a SUBSTRING of a RING + // or CONCAT tree, then all child nodes not excluded by any start offset or + // length values are added recursively. + static CordRepRing* Prepend(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child); + + // Prepends the provided string data to the `rep` instance. + // This function will attempt to utilize any remaining capacity in the first + // node of the input if that node is not shared (directly or indirectly), and + // of type FLAT. Remaining data will be added as one or more FLAT nodes. + // Any first node prepnded to the ring buffer will be allocated with up to + // `extra` bytes of capacity for (anticipated) subsequent prepend actions. + static CordRepRing* Prepend(CordRepRing* rep, string_view data, + size_t extra = 0); + + // Returns a span referencing potentially unused capacity in the last node. + // The returned span may be empty if no such capacity is available, or if the + // current instance is shared. Else, a span of size `n <= size` is returned. + // If non empty, the ring buffer is adjusted to the new length, with the newly + // added capacity left uninitialized. Callers should assign a value to the + // entire span before any other operations on this instance. + Span<char> GetAppendBuffer(size_t size); + + // Returns a span referencing potentially unused capacity in the first node. + // This function is identical to GetAppendBuffer except that it returns a span + // referencing up to `size` capacity directly before the existing data. + Span<char> GetPrependBuffer(size_t size); + + // Returns a cord ring buffer containing `length` bytes of data starting at + // `offset`. If the input is not shared, this function will remove all head + // and tail child nodes outside of the requested range, and adjust the new + // head and tail nodes as required. If the input is shared, this function + // returns a new instance sharing some or all of the nodes from the input. + static CordRepRing* SubRing(CordRepRing* r, size_t offset, size_t length, + size_t extra = 0); + + // Returns a cord ring buffer with the first `length` bytes removed. + // If the input is not shared, this function will remove all head child nodes + // fully inside the first `length` bytes, and adjust the new head as required. + // If the input is shared, this function returns a new instance sharing some + // or all of the nodes from the input. + static CordRepRing* RemoveSuffix(CordRepRing* r, size_t length, + size_t extra = 0); + + // Returns a cord ring buffer with the last `length` bytes removed. + // If the input is not shared, this function will remove all head child nodes + // fully inside the first `length` bytes, and adjust the new head as required. + // If the input is shared, this function returns a new instance sharing some + // or all of the nodes from the input. + static CordRepRing* RemovePrefix(CordRepRing* r, size_t len, + size_t extra = 0); + + // Returns the character at `offset`. Requires that `offset < length`. + char GetCharacter(size_t offset) const; + + // Testing only: set capacity to requested capacity. + void SetCapacityForTesting(size_t capacity); + + // Returns the CordRep data pointer for the provided CordRep. + // Requires that the provided `rep` is either a FLAT or EXTERNAL CordRep. + static const char* GetLeafData(const CordRep* rep); + + // Returns the CordRep data pointer for the provided CordRep. + // Requires that `rep` is either a FLAT, EXTERNAL, or SUBSTRING CordRep. + static const char* GetRepData(const CordRep* rep); + + // Advances the provided position, wrapping around capacity as needed. + // Requires `index` < capacity() + inline index_type advance(index_type index) const; + + // Advances the provided position by 'n`, wrapping around capacity as needed. + // Requires `index` < capacity() and `n` <= capacity. + inline index_type advance(index_type index, index_type n) const; + + // Retreats the provided position, wrapping around 0 as needed. + // Requires `index` < capacity() + inline index_type retreat(index_type index) const; + + // Retreats the provided position by 'n', wrapping around 0 as needed. + // Requires `index` < capacity() + inline index_type retreat(index_type index, index_type n) const; + + // Returns the logical begin position of entry `index` + pos_type const& entry_begin_pos(index_type index) const { + return (index == head_) ? begin_pos_ : entry_end_pos(retreat(index)); + } + + // Returns the physical start offset of entry `index` + size_t entry_start_offset(index_type index) const { + return Distance(begin_pos_, entry_begin_pos(index)); + } + + // Returns the physical end offset of entry `index` + size_t entry_end_offset(index_type index) const { + return Distance(begin_pos_, entry_end_pos(index)); + } + + // Returns the data length for entry `index` + size_t entry_length(index_type index) const { + return Distance(entry_begin_pos(index), entry_end_pos(index)); + } + + // Returns the data for entry `index` + absl::string_view entry_data(index_type index) const; + + // Returns the position for `offset` as {index, prefix}. `index` holds the + // index of the entry at the specified offset and `prefix` holds the relative + // offset inside that entry. + // Requires `offset` < length. + // + // For example we can implement GetCharacter(offset) as: + // char GetCharacter(size_t offset) { + // Position pos = this->Find(offset); + // return this->entry_data(pos.pos)[pos.offset]; + // } + inline Position Find(size_t offset) const; + + // Find starting at `head` + inline Position Find(index_type head, size_t offset) const; + + // Returns the tail position for `offset` as {tail index, suffix}. + // `tail index` holds holds the index of the entry holding the offset directly + // before 'offset` advanced by one. 'suffix` holds the relative offset from + // that relative offset in the entry to the end of the entry. + // For example, FindTail(length) will return {tail(), 0}, FindTail(length - 5) + // will return {retreat(tail), 5)} provided the preceding entry contains at + // least 5 bytes of data. + // Requires offset >= 1 && offset <= length. + // + // This function is very useful in functions that need to clip the end of some + // ring buffer such as 'RemovePrefix'. + // For example, we could implement RemovePrefix for non shared instances as: + // void RemoveSuffix(size_t n) { + // Position pos = FindTail(length - n); + // UnrefEntries(pos.pos, this->tail_); + // this->tail_ = pos.pos; + // entry(retreat(pos.pos)).end_pos -= pos.offset; + // } + inline Position FindTail(size_t offset) const; + + // Find tail starting at `head` + inline Position FindTail(index_type head, size_t offset) const; + + // Invokes f(index_type index) for each entry inside the range [head, tail> + template <typename F> + void ForEach(index_type head, index_type tail, F&& f) const { + index_type n1 = (tail > head) ? tail : capacity_; + for (index_type i = head; i < n1; ++i) f(i); + if (tail <= head) { + for (index_type i = 0; i < tail; ++i) f(i); + } + } + + // Invokes f(index_type index) for each entry inside this instance. + template <typename F> + void ForEach(F&& f) const { + ForEach(head_, tail_, std::forward<F>(f)); + } + + // Dump this instance's data tp stream `s` in human readable format, excluding + // the actual data content itself. Intended for debug purposes only. + friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const CordRepRing& rep); + + private: + enum class AddMode { kAppend, kPrepend }; + + using Layout = container_internal::Layout<pos_type, CordRep*, offset_type>; + + class Filler; + class Transaction; + class CreateTransaction; + + static constexpr size_t kLayoutAlignment = Layout::Partial().Alignment(); + + // Creates a new CordRepRing. + explicit CordRepRing(index_type capacity) : capacity_(capacity) {} + + // Returns true if `index` is a valid index into this instance. + bool IsValidIndex(index_type index) const; + + // Debug use only: validates the provided CordRepRing invariants. + // Verification of all CordRepRing methods can be enabled by defining + // EXTRA_CORD_RING_VALIDATION, i.e.: `--copts=-DEXTRA_CORD_RING_VALIDATION` + // Verification is VERY expensive, so only do it for debugging purposes. + static CordRepRing* Validate(CordRepRing* rep, const char* file = nullptr, + int line = 0); + + // Allocates a CordRepRing large enough to hold `capacity + extra' entries. + // The returned capacity may be larger if the allocated memory allows for it. + // The maximum capacity of a CordRepRing is capped at kMaxCapacity. + // Throws `std::length_error` if `capacity + extra' exceeds kMaxCapacity. + static CordRepRing* New(size_t capacity, size_t extra); + + // Deallocates (but does not destroy) the provided ring buffer. + static void Delete(CordRepRing* rep); + + // Destroys the provided ring buffer, decrementing the reference count of all + // contained child CordReps. The provided 1\`rep` should have a ref count of + // one (pre decrement destroy call observing `refcount.IsOne()`) or zero (post + // decrement destroy call observing `!refcount.Decrement()`). + static void Destroy(CordRepRing* rep); + + // Returns a mutable reference to the logical end position array. + pos_type* entry_end_pos() { + return Layout::Partial().Pointer<0>(data_); + } + + // Returns a mutable reference to the child pointer array. + CordRep** entry_child() { + return Layout::Partial(capacity()).Pointer<1>(data_); + } + + // Returns a mutable reference to the data offset array. + offset_type* entry_data_offset() { + return Layout::Partial(capacity(), capacity()).Pointer<2>(data_); + } + + // Find implementations for the non fast path 0 / length cases. + Position FindSlow(index_type head, size_t offset) const; + Position FindTailSlow(index_type head, size_t offset) const; + + // Finds the index of the first node that is inside a reasonable distance + // of the node at `offset` from which we can continue with a linear search. + template <bool wrap> + index_type FindBinary(index_type head, index_type tail, size_t offset) const; + + // Fills the current (initialized) instance from the provided source, copying + // entries [head, tail). Adds a reference to copied entries if `ref` is true. + template <bool ref> + void Fill(const CordRepRing* src, index_type head, index_type tail); + + // Create a copy of 'rep', copying all entries [head, tail), allocating room + // for `extra` entries. Adds a reference on all copied entries. + static CordRepRing* Copy(CordRepRing* rep, index_type head, index_type tail, + size_t extra = 0); + + // Returns a Mutable CordRepRing reference from `rep` with room for at least + // `extra` additional nodes. Adopts a reference count from `rep`. + // This function will return `rep` if, and only if: + // - rep.entries + extra <= rep.capacity + // - rep.refcount == 1 + // Otherwise, this function will create a new copy of `rep` with additional + // capacity to satisfy `extra` extra nodes, and unref the old `rep` instance. + // + // If a new CordRepRing can not be allocated, or the new capacity would exceed + // the maxmimum capacity, then the input is consumed only, and an exception is + // thrown. + static CordRepRing* Mutable(CordRepRing* rep, size_t extra); + + // Slow path for Append(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child). This function is + // exercised if the provided `child` in Append() is not a leaf node, i.e., a + // ring buffer or old (concat) cord tree. + static CordRepRing* AppendSlow(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child); + + // Appends the provided leaf node. Requires `child` to be FLAT or EXTERNAL. + static CordRepRing* AppendLeaf(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child, + size_t offset, size_t length); + + // Prepends the provided leaf node. Requires `child` to be FLAT or EXTERNAL. + static CordRepRing* PrependLeaf(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child, + size_t offset, size_t length); + + // Slow path for Prepend(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child). This function is + // exercised if the provided `child` in Prepend() is not a leaf node, i.e., a + // ring buffer or old (concat) cord tree. + static CordRepRing* PrependSlow(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child); + + // Slow path for Create(CordRep* child, size_t extra). This function is + // exercised if the provided `child` in Prepend() is not a leaf node, i.e., a + // ring buffer or old (concat) cord tree. + static CordRepRing* CreateSlow(CordRep* child, size_t extra); + + // Creates a new ring buffer from the provided `child` leaf node. Requires + // `child` to be FLAT or EXTERNAL. on `rep`. + // The returned ring buffer has a capacity of at least `1 + extra` + static CordRepRing* CreateFromLeaf(CordRep* child, size_t offset, + size_t length, size_t extra); + + // Appends or prepends (depending on AddMode) the ring buffer in `ring' to + // `rep` starting at `offset` with length `length`. + template <AddMode mode> + static CordRepRing* AddRing(CordRepRing* rep, CordRepRing* ring, + size_t offset, size_t length); + + // Increases the data offset for entry `index` by `n`. + void AddDataOffset(index_type index, size_t n); + + // Descreases the length for entry `index` by `n`. + void SubLength(index_type index, size_t n); + + index_type head_; + index_type tail_; + index_type capacity_; + pos_type begin_pos_; + + alignas(kLayoutAlignment) char data_[kLayoutAlignment]; + + friend struct CordRep; +}; + +constexpr size_t CordRepRing::AllocSize(size_t capacity) { + return sizeof(CordRepRing) - sizeof(data_) + + Layout(capacity, capacity, capacity).AllocSize(); +} + +inline constexpr size_t CordRepRing::Distance(pos_type pos, pos_type end_pos) { + return (end_pos - pos); +} + +inline const char* CordRepRing::GetLeafData(const CordRep* rep) { + return rep->tag != EXTERNAL ? rep->flat()->Data() : rep->external()->base; +} + +inline const char* CordRepRing::GetRepData(const CordRep* rep) { + if (rep->tag >= FLAT) return rep->flat()->Data(); + if (rep->tag == EXTERNAL) return rep->external()->base; + return GetLeafData(rep->substring()->child) + rep->substring()->start; +} + +inline CordRepRing::index_type CordRepRing::advance(index_type index) const { + assert(index < capacity_); + return ++index == capacity_ ? 0 : index; +} + +inline CordRepRing::index_type CordRepRing::advance(index_type index, + index_type n) const { + assert(index < capacity_ && n <= capacity_); + return (index += n) >= capacity_ ? index - capacity_ : index; +} + +inline CordRepRing::index_type CordRepRing::retreat(index_type index) const { + assert(index < capacity_); + return (index > 0 ? index : capacity_) - 1; +} + +inline CordRepRing::index_type CordRepRing::retreat(index_type index, + index_type n) const { + assert(index < capacity_ && n <= capacity_); + return index >= n ? index - n : capacity_ - n + index; +} + +inline absl::string_view CordRepRing::entry_data(index_type index) const { + size_t data_offset = entry_data_offset(index); + return {GetRepData(entry_child(index)) + data_offset, entry_length(index)}; +} + +inline bool CordRepRing::IsValidIndex(index_type index) const { + if (index >= capacity_) return false; + return (tail_ > head_) ? (index >= head_ && index < tail_) + : (index >= head_ || index < tail_); +} + +#ifndef EXTRA_CORD_RING_VALIDATION +inline CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Validate(CordRepRing* rep, + const char* /*file*/, int /*line*/) { + return rep; +} +#endif + +inline CordRepRing::Position CordRepRing::Find(size_t offset) const { + assert(offset < length); + return (offset == 0) ? Position{head_, 0} : FindSlow(head_, offset); +} + +inline CordRepRing::Position CordRepRing::Find(index_type head, + size_t offset) const { + assert(offset < length); + assert(IsValidIndex(head) && offset >= entry_start_offset(head)); + return (offset == 0) ? Position{head_, 0} : FindSlow(head, offset); +} + +inline CordRepRing::Position CordRepRing::FindTail(size_t offset) const { + assert(offset > 0 && offset <= length); + return (offset == length) ? Position{tail_, 0} : FindTailSlow(head_, offset); +} + +inline CordRepRing::Position CordRepRing::FindTail(index_type head, + size_t offset) const { + assert(offset > 0 && offset <= length); + assert(IsValidIndex(head) && offset >= entry_start_offset(head) + 1); + return (offset == length) ? Position{tail_, 0} : FindTailSlow(head, offset); +} + +// Now that CordRepRing is defined, we can define CordRep's helper casts: +inline CordRepRing* CordRep::ring() { + assert(tag == RING); + return static_cast<CordRepRing*>(this); +} + +inline const CordRepRing* CordRep::ring() const { + assert(tag == RING); + return static_cast<const CordRepRing*>(this); +} + +std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const CordRepRing& rep); + +#ifdef __clang__ +#pragma clang diagnostic pop +#endif + +} // namespace cord_internal +ABSL_NAMESPACE_END +} // namespace absl + +#endif // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_CORD_REP_RING_H_ |