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diff --git a/absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.cc b/absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.cc
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+// Copyright 2020 The Abseil Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/base/internal/throw_delegate.h"
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/container/inlined_vector.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_internal.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_flat.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace cord_internal {
+
+// See https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48477
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow"
+#if __has_warning("-Wshadow-field")
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow-field"
+#endif
+#endif
+
+namespace {
+
+using index_type = CordRepRing::index_type;
+
+enum class Direction { kForward, kReversed };
+
+inline bool IsFlatOrExternal(CordRep* rep) {
+ return rep->tag >= FLAT || rep->tag == EXTERNAL;
+}
+
+// Verifies that n + extra <= kMaxCapacity: throws std::length_error otherwise.
+inline void CheckCapacity(size_t n, size_t extra) {
+ if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(extra > CordRepRing::kMaxCapacity - n)) {
+ base_internal::ThrowStdLengthError("Maximum capacity exceeded");
+ }
+}
+
+// Removes a reference from `rep` only.
+// Asserts that the refcount after decrement is not zero.
+inline bool UnrefNeverOne(CordRep* rep) {
+ bool result = rep->refcount.Decrement();
+ assert(result);
+ return result;
+}
+
+// Creates a flat from the provided string data, allocating up to `extra`
+// capacity in the returned flat depending on kMaxFlatLength limitations.
+// Requires `len` to be less or equal to `kMaxFlatLength`
+CordRepFlat* CreateFlat(const char* s, size_t n, size_t extra = 0) { // NOLINT
+ assert(n <= kMaxFlatLength);
+ auto* rep = CordRepFlat::New(n + extra);
+ rep->length = n;
+ memcpy(rep->Data(), s, n);
+ return rep;
+}
+
+// Unrefs the provided `substring`, and returns `substring->child`
+// Adds or assumes a reference on `substring->child`
+CordRep* ClipSubstring(CordRepSubstring* substring) {
+ CordRep* child = substring->child;
+ if (substring->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ delete substring;
+ } else {
+ CordRep::Ref(child);
+ if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(!substring->refcount.Decrement())) {
+ UnrefNeverOne(child);
+ delete substring;
+ }
+ }
+ return child;
+}
+
+// Unrefs the provided `concat`, and returns `{concat->left, concat->right}`
+// Adds or assumes a reference on `concat->left` and `concat->right`.
+std::pair<CordRep*, CordRep*> ClipConcat(CordRepConcat* concat) {
+ auto result = std::make_pair(concat->left, concat->right);
+ if (concat->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ delete concat;
+ } else {
+ CordRep::Ref(result.first);
+ CordRep::Ref(result.second);
+ if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(!concat->refcount.Decrement())) {
+ UnrefNeverOne(result.first);
+ UnrefNeverOne(result.second);
+ delete concat;
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+// Unrefs the entries in `[head, tail)`.
+// Requires all entries to be a FLAT or EXTERNAL node.
+void UnrefEntries(const CordRepRing* rep, index_type head, index_type tail) {
+ rep->ForEach(head, tail, [rep](index_type ix) {
+ CordRep* child = rep->entry_child(ix);
+ if (!child->refcount.Decrement()) {
+ if (child->tag >= FLAT) {
+ CordRepFlat::Delete(child->flat());
+ } else {
+ CordRepExternal::Delete(child->external());
+ }
+ }
+ });
+}
+
+template <typename F>
+void Consume(Direction direction, CordRep* rep, F&& fn) {
+ size_t offset = 0;
+ size_t length = rep->length;
+ struct Entry {
+ CordRep* rep;
+ size_t offset;
+ size_t length;
+ };
+ absl::InlinedVector<Entry, 40> stack;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ if (rep->tag >= FLAT || rep->tag == EXTERNAL || rep->tag == RING) {
+ fn(rep, offset, length);
+ if (stack.empty()) return;
+
+ rep = stack.back().rep;
+ offset = stack.back().offset;
+ length = stack.back().length;
+ stack.pop_back();
+ } else if (rep->tag == SUBSTRING) {
+ offset += rep->substring()->start;
+ rep = ClipSubstring(rep->substring());
+ } else if (rep->tag == CONCAT) {
+ auto res = ClipConcat(rep->concat());
+ CordRep* left = res.first;
+ CordRep* right = res.second;
+
+ if (left->length <= offset) {
+ // Don't need left node
+ offset -= left->length;
+ CordRep::Unref(left);
+ rep = right;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ size_t length_left = left->length - offset;
+ if (length_left >= length) {
+ // Don't need right node
+ CordRep::Unref(right);
+ rep = left;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ // Need both nodes
+ size_t length_right = length - length_left;
+ if (direction == Direction::kReversed) {
+ stack.push_back({left, offset, length_left});
+ rep = right;
+ offset = 0;
+ length = length_right;
+ } else {
+ stack.push_back({right, 0, length_right});
+ rep = left;
+ length = length_left;
+ }
+ } else {
+ assert("Valid tag" == nullptr);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+template <typename F>
+void Consume(CordRep* rep, F&& fn) {
+ return Consume(Direction::kForward, rep, std::forward<F>(fn));
+}
+
+template <typename F>
+void RConsume(CordRep* rep, F&& fn) {
+ return Consume(Direction::kReversed, rep, std::forward<F>(fn));
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const CordRepRing& rep) {
+ // Note: 'pos' values are defined as size_t (for overflow reasons), but that
+ // prints really awkward for small prepended values such as -5. ssize_t is not
+ // portable (POSIX), so we use ptrdiff_t instead to cast to signed values.
+ s << " CordRepRing(" << &rep << ", length = " << rep.length
+ << ", head = " << rep.head_ << ", tail = " << rep.tail_
+ << ", cap = " << rep.capacity_ << ", rc = " << rep.refcount.Get()
+ << ", begin_pos_ = " << static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(rep.begin_pos_) << ") {\n";
+ CordRepRing::index_type head = rep.head();
+ do {
+ CordRep* child = rep.entry_child(head);
+ s << " entry[" << head << "] length = " << rep.entry_length(head)
+ << ", child " << child << ", clen = " << child->length
+ << ", tag = " << static_cast<int>(child->tag)
+ << ", rc = " << child->refcount.Get()
+ << ", offset = " << rep.entry_data_offset(head)
+ << ", end_pos = " << static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(rep.entry_end_pos(head))
+ << "\n";
+ head = rep.advance(head);
+ } while (head != rep.tail());
+ return s << "}\n";
+}
+
+void CordRepRing::AddDataOffset(index_type index, size_t n) {
+ entry_data_offset()[index] += static_cast<offset_type>(n);
+}
+
+void CordRepRing::SubLength(index_type index, size_t n) {
+ entry_end_pos()[index] -= n;
+}
+
+class CordRepRing::Filler {
+ public:
+ Filler(CordRepRing* rep, index_type pos) : rep_(rep), head_(pos), pos_(pos) {}
+
+ index_type head() const { return head_; }
+ index_type pos() const { return pos_; }
+
+ void Add(CordRep* child, size_t offset, pos_type end_pos) {
+ rep_->entry_end_pos()[pos_] = end_pos;
+ rep_->entry_child()[pos_] = child;
+ rep_->entry_data_offset()[pos_] = static_cast<offset_type>(offset);
+ pos_ = rep_->advance(pos_);
+ }
+
+ private:
+ CordRepRing* rep_;
+ index_type head_;
+ index_type pos_;
+};
+
+constexpr size_t CordRepRing::kMaxCapacity; // NOLINT: needed for c++11
+
+bool CordRepRing::IsValid(std::ostream& output) const {
+ if (capacity_ == 0) {
+ output << "capacity == 0";
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if (head_ >= capacity_ || tail_ >= capacity_) {
+ output << "head " << head_ << " and/or tail " << tail_ << "exceed capacity "
+ << capacity_;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const index_type back = retreat(tail_);
+ size_t pos_length = Distance(begin_pos_, entry_end_pos(back));
+ if (pos_length != length) {
+ output << "length " << length << " does not match positional length "
+ << pos_length << " from begin_pos " << begin_pos_ << " and entry["
+ << back << "].end_pos " << entry_end_pos(back);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ index_type head = head_;
+ pos_type begin_pos = begin_pos_;
+ do {
+ pos_type end_pos = entry_end_pos(head);
+ size_t entry_length = Distance(begin_pos, end_pos);
+ if (entry_length == 0) {
+ output << "entry[" << head << "] has an invalid length " << entry_length
+ << " from begin_pos " << begin_pos << " and end_pos " << end_pos;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ CordRep* child = entry_child(head);
+ if (child == nullptr) {
+ output << "entry[" << head << "].child == nullptr";
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (child->tag < FLAT && child->tag != EXTERNAL) {
+ output << "entry[" << head << "].child has an invalid tag "
+ << static_cast<int>(child->tag);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ size_t offset = entry_data_offset(head);
+ if (offset >= child->length || entry_length > child->length - offset) {
+ output << "entry[" << head << "] has offset " << offset
+ << " and entry length " << entry_length
+ << " which are outside of the childs length of " << child->length;
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ begin_pos = end_pos;
+ head = advance(head);
+ } while (head != tail_);
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef EXTRA_CORD_RING_VALIDATION
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Validate(CordRepRing* rep, const char* file,
+ int line) {
+ if (!rep->IsValid(std::cerr)) {
+ std::cerr << "\nERROR: CordRepRing corrupted";
+ if (line) std::cerr << " at line " << line;
+ if (file) std::cerr << " in file " << file;
+ std::cerr << "\nContent = " << *rep;
+ abort();
+ }
+ return rep;
+}
+#endif // EXTRA_CORD_RING_VALIDATION
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::New(size_t capacity, size_t extra) {
+ CheckCapacity(capacity, extra);
+
+ size_t size = AllocSize(capacity += extra);
+ void* mem = ::operator new(size);
+ auto* rep = new (mem) CordRepRing(static_cast<index_type>(capacity));
+ rep->tag = RING;
+ rep->capacity_ = static_cast<index_type>(capacity);
+ rep->begin_pos_ = 0;
+ return rep;
+}
+
+void CordRepRing::SetCapacityForTesting(size_t capacity) {
+ // Adjust for the changed layout
+ assert(capacity <= capacity_);
+ assert(head() == 0 || head() < tail());
+ memmove(Layout::Partial(capacity).Pointer<1>(data_) + head(),
+ Layout::Partial(capacity_).Pointer<1>(data_) + head(),
+ entries() * sizeof(Layout::ElementType<1>));
+ memmove(Layout::Partial(capacity, capacity).Pointer<2>(data_) + head(),
+ Layout::Partial(capacity_, capacity_).Pointer<2>(data_) + head(),
+ entries() * sizeof(Layout::ElementType<2>));
+ capacity_ = static_cast<index_type>(capacity);
+}
+
+void CordRepRing::Delete(CordRepRing* rep) {
+ assert(rep != nullptr && rep->tag == RING);
+#if defined(__cpp_sized_deallocation)
+ size_t size = AllocSize(rep->capacity_);
+ rep->~CordRepRing();
+ ::operator delete(rep, size);
+#else
+ rep->~CordRepRing();
+ ::operator delete(rep);
+#endif
+}
+
+void CordRepRing::Destroy(CordRepRing* rep) {
+ UnrefEntries(rep, rep->head(), rep->tail());
+ Delete(rep);
+}
+
+template <bool ref>
+void CordRepRing::Fill(const CordRepRing* src, index_type head,
+ index_type tail) {
+ this->length = src->length;
+ head_ = 0;
+ tail_ = advance(0, src->entries(head, tail));
+ begin_pos_ = src->begin_pos_;
+
+ // TODO(mvels): there may be opportunities here for large buffers.
+ auto* dst_pos = entry_end_pos();
+ auto* dst_child = entry_child();
+ auto* dst_offset = entry_data_offset();
+ src->ForEach(head, tail, [&](index_type index) {
+ *dst_pos++ = src->entry_end_pos(index);
+ CordRep* child = src->entry_child(index);
+ *dst_child++ = ref ? CordRep::Ref(child) : child;
+ *dst_offset++ = src->entry_data_offset(index);
+ });
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Copy(CordRepRing* rep, index_type head,
+ index_type tail, size_t extra) {
+ CordRepRing* newrep = CordRepRing::New(rep->entries(head, tail), extra);
+ newrep->Fill<true>(rep, head, tail);
+ CordRep::Unref(rep);
+ return newrep;
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Mutable(CordRepRing* rep, size_t extra) {
+ // Get current number of entries, and check for max capacity.
+ size_t entries = rep->entries();
+
+ size_t min_extra = (std::max)(extra, rep->capacity() * 2 - entries);
+ if (!rep->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ return Copy(rep, rep->head(), rep->tail(), min_extra);
+ } else if (entries + extra > rep->capacity()) {
+ CordRepRing* newrep = CordRepRing::New(entries, min_extra);
+ newrep->Fill<false>(rep, rep->head(), rep->tail());
+ CordRepRing::Delete(rep);
+ return newrep;
+ } else {
+ return rep;
+ }
+}
+
+Span<char> CordRepRing::GetAppendBuffer(size_t size) {
+ assert(refcount.IsOne());
+ index_type back = retreat(tail_);
+ CordRep* child = entry_child(back);
+ if (child->tag >= FLAT && child->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ size_t capacity = child->flat()->Capacity();
+ pos_type end_pos = entry_end_pos(back);
+ size_t data_offset = entry_data_offset(back);
+ size_t entry_length = Distance(entry_begin_pos(back), end_pos);
+ size_t used = data_offset + entry_length;
+ if (size_t n = (std::min)(capacity - used, size)) {
+ child->length = data_offset + entry_length + n;
+ entry_end_pos()[back] = end_pos + n;
+ this->length += n;
+ return {child->flat()->Data() + used, n};
+ }
+ }
+ return {nullptr, 0};
+}
+
+Span<char> CordRepRing::GetPrependBuffer(size_t size) {
+ assert(refcount.IsOne());
+ CordRep* child = entry_child(head_);
+ size_t data_offset = entry_data_offset(head_);
+ if (data_offset && child->refcount.IsOne() && child->tag >= FLAT) {
+ size_t n = (std::min)(data_offset, size);
+ this->length += n;
+ begin_pos_ -= n;
+ data_offset -= n;
+ entry_data_offset()[head_] = static_cast<offset_type>(data_offset);
+ return {child->flat()->Data() + data_offset, n};
+ }
+ return {nullptr, 0};
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::CreateFromLeaf(CordRep* child, size_t offset,
+ size_t length, size_t extra) {
+ CordRepRing* rep = CordRepRing::New(1, extra);
+ rep->head_ = 0;
+ rep->tail_ = rep->advance(0);
+ rep->length = length;
+ rep->entry_end_pos()[0] = length;
+ rep->entry_child()[0] = child;
+ rep->entry_data_offset()[0] = static_cast<offset_type>(offset);
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::CreateSlow(CordRep* child, size_t extra) {
+ CordRepRing* rep = nullptr;
+ Consume(child, [&](CordRep* child, size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ if (IsFlatOrExternal(child)) {
+ rep = rep ? AppendLeaf(rep, child, offset, length)
+ : CreateFromLeaf(child, offset, length, extra);
+ } else if (rep) {
+ rep = AddRing<AddMode::kAppend>(rep, child->ring(), offset, length);
+ } else if (offset == 0 && child->length == length) {
+ rep = Mutable(child->ring(), extra);
+ } else {
+ rep = SubRing(child->ring(), offset, length, extra);
+ }
+ });
+ return Validate(rep, nullptr, __LINE__);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Create(CordRep* child, size_t extra) {
+ size_t length = child->length;
+ if (IsFlatOrExternal(child)) {
+ return CreateFromLeaf(child, 0, length, extra);
+ }
+ if (child->tag == RING) {
+ return Mutable(child->ring(), extra);
+ }
+ return CreateSlow(child, extra);
+}
+
+template <CordRepRing::AddMode mode>
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::AddRing(CordRepRing* rep, CordRepRing* ring,
+ size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ assert(offset < ring->length);
+ constexpr bool append = mode == AddMode::kAppend;
+ Position head = ring->Find(offset);
+ Position tail = ring->FindTail(head.index, offset + length);
+ const index_type entries = ring->entries(head.index, tail.index);
+
+ rep = Mutable(rep, entries);
+
+ // The delta for making ring[head].end_pos into 'len - offset'
+ const pos_type delta_length =
+ (append ? rep->begin_pos_ + rep->length : rep->begin_pos_ - length) -
+ ring->entry_begin_pos(head.index) - head.offset;
+
+ // Start filling at `tail`, or `entries` before `head`
+ Filler filler(rep, append ? rep->tail_ : rep->retreat(rep->head_, entries));
+
+ if (ring->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ // Copy entries from source stealing the ref and adjusting the end position.
+ // Commit the filler as this is no-op.
+ ring->ForEach(head.index, tail.index, [&](index_type ix) {
+ filler.Add(ring->entry_child(ix), ring->entry_data_offset(ix),
+ ring->entry_end_pos(ix) + delta_length);
+ });
+
+ // Unref entries we did not copy over, and delete source.
+ if (head.index != ring->head_) UnrefEntries(ring, ring->head_, head.index);
+ if (tail.index != ring->tail_) UnrefEntries(ring, tail.index, ring->tail_);
+ CordRepRing::Delete(ring);
+ } else {
+ ring->ForEach(head.index, tail.index, [&](index_type ix) {
+ CordRep* child = ring->entry_child(ix);
+ filler.Add(child, ring->entry_data_offset(ix),
+ ring->entry_end_pos(ix) + delta_length);
+ CordRep::Ref(child);
+ });
+ CordRepRing::Unref(ring);
+ }
+
+ if (head.offset) {
+ // Increase offset of first 'source' entry appended or prepended.
+ // This is always the entry in `filler.head()`
+ rep->AddDataOffset(filler.head(), head.offset);
+ }
+
+ if (tail.offset) {
+ // Reduce length of last 'source' entry appended or prepended.
+ // This is always the entry tailed by `filler.pos()`
+ rep->SubLength(rep->retreat(filler.pos()), tail.offset);
+ }
+
+ // Commit changes
+ rep->length += length;
+ if (append) {
+ rep->tail_ = filler.pos();
+ } else {
+ rep->head_ = filler.head();
+ rep->begin_pos_ -= length;
+ }
+
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::AppendSlow(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child) {
+ Consume(child, [&rep](CordRep* child, size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ if (child->tag == RING) {
+ rep = AddRing<AddMode::kAppend>(rep, child->ring(), offset, length);
+ } else {
+ rep = AppendLeaf(rep, child, offset, length);
+ }
+ });
+ return rep;
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::AppendLeaf(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child,
+ size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ rep = Mutable(rep, 1);
+ index_type back = rep->tail_;
+ const pos_type begin_pos = rep->begin_pos_ + rep->length;
+ rep->tail_ = rep->advance(rep->tail_);
+ rep->length += length;
+ rep->entry_end_pos()[back] = begin_pos + length;
+ rep->entry_child()[back] = child;
+ rep->entry_data_offset()[back] = static_cast<offset_type>(offset);
+ return Validate(rep, nullptr, __LINE__);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Append(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child) {
+ size_t length = child->length;
+ if (IsFlatOrExternal(child)) {
+ return AppendLeaf(rep, child, 0, length);
+ }
+ if (child->tag == RING) {
+ return AddRing<AddMode::kAppend>(rep, child->ring(), 0, length);
+ }
+ return AppendSlow(rep, child);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::PrependSlow(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child) {
+ RConsume(child, [&](CordRep* child, size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ if (IsFlatOrExternal(child)) {
+ rep = PrependLeaf(rep, child, offset, length);
+ } else {
+ rep = AddRing<AddMode::kPrepend>(rep, child->ring(), offset, length);
+ }
+ });
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::PrependLeaf(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child,
+ size_t offset, size_t length) {
+ rep = Mutable(rep, 1);
+ index_type head = rep->retreat(rep->head_);
+ pos_type end_pos = rep->begin_pos_;
+ rep->head_ = head;
+ rep->length += length;
+ rep->begin_pos_ -= length;
+ rep->entry_end_pos()[head] = end_pos;
+ rep->entry_child()[head] = child;
+ rep->entry_data_offset()[head] = static_cast<offset_type>(offset);
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Prepend(CordRepRing* rep, CordRep* child) {
+ size_t length = child->length;
+ if (IsFlatOrExternal(child)) {
+ return PrependLeaf(rep, child, 0, length);
+ }
+ if (child->tag == RING) {
+ return AddRing<AddMode::kPrepend>(rep, child->ring(), 0, length);
+ }
+ return PrependSlow(rep, child);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Append(CordRepRing* rep, absl::string_view data,
+ size_t extra) {
+ if (rep->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ Span<char> avail = rep->GetAppendBuffer(data.length());
+ if (!avail.empty()) {
+ memcpy(avail.data(), data.data(), avail.length());
+ data.remove_prefix(avail.length());
+ }
+ }
+ if (data.empty()) return Validate(rep);
+
+ const size_t flats = (data.length() - 1) / kMaxFlatLength + 1;
+ rep = Mutable(rep, flats);
+
+ Filler filler(rep, rep->tail_);
+ pos_type pos = rep->begin_pos_ + rep->length;
+
+ while (data.length() >= kMaxFlatLength) {
+ auto* flat = CreateFlat(data.data(), kMaxFlatLength);
+ filler.Add(flat, 0, pos += kMaxFlatLength);
+ data.remove_prefix(kMaxFlatLength);
+ }
+
+ if (data.length()) {
+ auto* flat = CreateFlat(data.data(), data.length(), extra);
+ filler.Add(flat, 0, pos += data.length());
+ }
+
+ rep->length = pos - rep->begin_pos_;
+ rep->tail_ = filler.pos();
+
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::Prepend(CordRepRing* rep, absl::string_view data,
+ size_t extra) {
+ if (rep->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ Span<char> avail = rep->GetPrependBuffer(data.length());
+ if (!avail.empty()) {
+ const char* tail = data.data() + data.length() - avail.length();
+ memcpy(avail.data(), tail, avail.length());
+ data.remove_suffix(avail.length());
+ }
+ }
+ if (data.empty()) return rep;
+
+ const size_t flats = (data.length() - 1) / kMaxFlatLength + 1;
+ rep = Mutable(rep, flats);
+ pos_type pos = rep->begin_pos_;
+ Filler filler(rep, rep->retreat(rep->head_, static_cast<index_type>(flats)));
+
+ size_t first_size = data.size() - (flats - 1) * kMaxFlatLength;
+ CordRepFlat* flat = CordRepFlat::New(first_size + extra);
+ flat->length = first_size + extra;
+ memcpy(flat->Data() + extra, data.data(), first_size);
+ data.remove_prefix(first_size);
+ filler.Add(flat, extra, pos);
+ pos -= first_size;
+
+ while (!data.empty()) {
+ assert(data.size() >= kMaxFlatLength);
+ flat = CreateFlat(data.data(), kMaxFlatLength);
+ filler.Add(flat, 0, pos);
+ pos -= kMaxFlatLength;
+ data.remove_prefix(kMaxFlatLength);
+ }
+
+ rep->head_ = filler.head();
+ rep->length += rep->begin_pos_ - pos;
+ rep->begin_pos_ = pos;
+
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+// 32 entries is 32 * sizeof(pos_type) = 4 cache lines on x86
+static constexpr index_type kBinarySearchThreshold = 32;
+static constexpr index_type kBinarySearchEndCount = 8;
+
+template <bool wrap>
+CordRepRing::index_type CordRepRing::FindBinary(index_type head,
+ index_type tail,
+ size_t offset) const {
+ index_type count = tail + (wrap ? capacity_ : 0) - head;
+ do {
+ count = (count - 1) / 2;
+ assert(count < entries(head, tail_));
+ index_type mid = wrap ? advance(head, count) : head + count;
+ index_type after_mid = wrap ? advance(mid) : mid + 1;
+ bool larger = (offset >= entry_end_offset(mid));
+ head = larger ? after_mid : head;
+ tail = larger ? tail : mid;
+ assert(head != tail);
+ } while (ABSL_PREDICT_TRUE(count > kBinarySearchEndCount));
+ return head;
+}
+
+CordRepRing::Position CordRepRing::FindSlow(index_type head,
+ size_t offset) const {
+ index_type tail = tail_;
+
+ // Binary search until we are good for linear search
+ // Optimize for branchless / non wrapping ops
+ if (tail > head) {
+ index_type count = tail - head;
+ if (count > kBinarySearchThreshold) {
+ head = FindBinary<false>(head, tail, offset);
+ }
+ } else {
+ index_type count = capacity_ + tail - head;
+ if (count > kBinarySearchThreshold) {
+ head = FindBinary<true>(head, tail, offset);
+ }
+ }
+
+ pos_type pos = entry_begin_pos(head);
+ pos_type end_pos = entry_end_pos(head);
+ while (offset >= Distance(begin_pos_, end_pos)) {
+ head = advance(head);
+ pos = end_pos;
+ end_pos = entry_end_pos(head);
+ }
+
+ return {head, offset - Distance(begin_pos_, pos)};
+}
+
+CordRepRing::Position CordRepRing::FindTailSlow(index_type head,
+ size_t offset) const {
+ index_type tail = tail_;
+ const size_t tail_offset = offset - 1;
+
+ // Binary search until we are good for linear search
+ // Optimize for branchless / non wrapping ops
+ if (tail > head) {
+ index_type count = tail - head;
+ if (count > kBinarySearchThreshold) {
+ head = FindBinary<false>(head, tail, tail_offset);
+ }
+ } else {
+ index_type count = capacity_ + tail - head;
+ if (count > kBinarySearchThreshold) {
+ head = FindBinary<true>(head, tail, tail_offset);
+ }
+ }
+
+ size_t end_offset = entry_end_offset(head);
+ while (tail_offset >= end_offset) {
+ head = advance(head);
+ end_offset = entry_end_offset(head);
+ }
+
+ return {advance(head), end_offset - offset};
+}
+
+char CordRepRing::GetCharacter(size_t offset) const {
+ assert(offset < length);
+
+ Position pos = Find(offset);
+ size_t data_offset = entry_data_offset(pos.index) + pos.offset;
+ return GetRepData(entry_child(pos.index))[data_offset];
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::SubRing(CordRepRing* rep, size_t offset,
+ size_t length, size_t extra) {
+ assert(offset <= rep->length);
+ assert(offset <= rep->length - length);
+
+ if (length == 0) {
+ CordRep::Unref(rep);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ // Find position of first byte
+ Position head = rep->Find(offset);
+ Position tail = rep->FindTail(head.index, offset + length);
+ const size_t new_entries = rep->entries(head.index, tail.index);
+
+ if (rep->refcount.IsOne() && extra <= (rep->capacity() - new_entries)) {
+ // We adopt a privately owned rep and no extra entries needed.
+ if (head.index != rep->head_) UnrefEntries(rep, rep->head_, head.index);
+ if (tail.index != rep->tail_) UnrefEntries(rep, tail.index, rep->tail_);
+ rep->head_ = head.index;
+ rep->tail_ = tail.index;
+ } else {
+ // Copy subset to new rep
+ rep = Copy(rep, head.index, tail.index, extra);
+ head.index = rep->head_;
+ tail.index = rep->tail_;
+ }
+
+ // Adjust begin_pos and length
+ rep->length = length;
+ rep->begin_pos_ += offset;
+
+ // Adjust head and tail blocks
+ if (head.offset) {
+ rep->AddDataOffset(head.index, head.offset);
+ }
+ if (tail.offset) {
+ rep->SubLength(rep->retreat(tail.index), tail.offset);
+ }
+
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::RemovePrefix(CordRepRing* rep, size_t len,
+ size_t extra) {
+ assert(len <= rep->length);
+ if (len == rep->length) {
+ CordRep::Unref(rep);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ Position head = rep->Find(len);
+ if (rep->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ if (head.index != rep->head_) UnrefEntries(rep, rep->head_, head.index);
+ rep->head_ = head.index;
+ } else {
+ rep = Copy(rep, head.index, rep->tail_, extra);
+ head.index = rep->head_;
+ }
+
+ // Adjust begin_pos and length
+ rep->length -= len;
+ rep->begin_pos_ += len;
+
+ // Adjust head block
+ if (head.offset) {
+ rep->AddDataOffset(head.index, head.offset);
+ }
+
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+CordRepRing* CordRepRing::RemoveSuffix(CordRepRing* rep, size_t len,
+ size_t extra) {
+ assert(len <= rep->length);
+
+ if (len == rep->length) {
+ CordRep::Unref(rep);
+ return nullptr;
+ }
+
+ Position tail = rep->FindTail(rep->length - len);
+ if (rep->refcount.IsOne()) {
+ // We adopt a privately owned rep, scrub.
+ if (tail.index != rep->tail_) UnrefEntries(rep, tail.index, rep->tail_);
+ rep->tail_ = tail.index;
+ } else {
+ // Copy subset to new rep
+ rep = Copy(rep, rep->head_, tail.index, extra);
+ tail.index = rep->tail_;
+ }
+
+ // Adjust length
+ rep->length -= len;
+
+ // Adjust tail block
+ if (tail.offset) {
+ rep->SubLength(rep->retreat(tail.index), tail.offset);
+ }
+
+ return Validate(rep);
+}
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+} // namespace cord_internal
+ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
+} // namespace absl