Add lifetimebound attribute to some Abseil containers

PiperOrigin-RevId: 529119690
Change-Id: If585274c409e2a344c8d60759da6f8f990023d29

8 files changed, 282 insertions, 164 deletions

diff --git a/absl/container/fixed_array.h b/absl/container/fixed_array.h
index efc40a5f..e99137a4 100644
--- a/absl/container/fixed_array.h
+++ b/absl/container/fixed_array.h
@@ -200,18 +200,22 @@ class FixedArray {
   //
   // Returns a const T* pointer to elements of the `FixedArray`. This pointer
   // can be used to access (but not modify) the contained elements.
-  const_pointer data() const { return AsValueType(storage_.begin()); }
+  const_pointer data() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return AsValueType(storage_.begin());
+  }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::data() to return a T* pointer to elements of the
   // fixed array. This pointer can be used to access and modify the contained
   // elements.
-  pointer data() { return AsValueType(storage_.begin()); }
+  pointer data() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return AsValueType(storage_.begin());
+  }
 
   // FixedArray::operator[]
   //
   // Returns a reference the ith element of the fixed array.
   // REQUIRES: 0 <= i < size()
-  reference operator[](size_type i) {
+  reference operator[](size_type i) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(i < size());
     return data()[i];
   }
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ class FixedArray {
   // Overload of FixedArray::operator()[] to return a const reference to the
   // ith element of the fixed array.
   // REQUIRES: 0 <= i < size()
-  const_reference operator[](size_type i) const {
+  const_reference operator[](size_type i) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(i < size());
     return data()[i];
   }
@@ -228,7 +232,7 @@ class FixedArray {
   //
   // Bounds-checked access.  Returns a reference to the ith element of the fixed
   // array, or throws std::out_of_range
-  reference at(size_type i) {
+  reference at(size_type i) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(i >= size())) {
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange("FixedArray::at failed bounds check");
     }
@@ -237,7 +241,7 @@ class FixedArray {
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::at() to return a const reference to the ith element
   // of the fixed array.
-  const_reference at(size_type i) const {
+  const_reference at(size_type i) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(i >= size())) {
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange("FixedArray::at failed bounds check");
     }
@@ -247,14 +251,14 @@ class FixedArray {
   // FixedArray::front()
   //
   // Returns a reference to the first element of the fixed array.
-  reference front() {
+  reference front() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[0];
   }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::front() to return a reference to the first element
   // of a fixed array of const values.
-  const_reference front() const {
+  const_reference front() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[0];
   }
@@ -262,14 +266,14 @@ class FixedArray {
   // FixedArray::back()
   //
   // Returns a reference to the last element of the fixed array.
-  reference back() {
+  reference back() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[size() - 1];
   }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::back() to return a reference to the last element
   // of a fixed array of const values.
-  const_reference back() const {
+  const_reference back() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[size() - 1];
   }
@@ -277,62 +281,74 @@ class FixedArray {
   // FixedArray::begin()
   //
   // Returns an iterator to the beginning of the fixed array.
-  iterator begin() { return data(); }
+  iterator begin() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { return data(); }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::begin() to return a const iterator to the
   // beginning of the fixed array.
-  const_iterator begin() const { return data(); }
+  const_iterator begin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { return data(); }
 
   // FixedArray::cbegin()
   //
   // Returns a const iterator to the beginning of the fixed array.
-  const_iterator cbegin() const { return begin(); }
+  const_iterator cbegin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return begin();
+  }
 
   // FixedArray::end()
   //
   // Returns an iterator to the end of the fixed array.
-  iterator end() { return data() + size(); }
+  iterator end() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { return data() + size(); }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::end() to return a const iterator to the end of the
   // fixed array.
-  const_iterator end() const { return data() + size(); }
+  const_iterator end() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return data() + size();
+  }
 
   // FixedArray::cend()
   //
   // Returns a const iterator to the end of the fixed array.
-  const_iterator cend() const { return end(); }
+  const_iterator cend() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { return end(); }
 
   // FixedArray::rbegin()
   //
   // Returns a reverse iterator from the end of the fixed array.
-  reverse_iterator rbegin() { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
+  reverse_iterator rbegin() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return reverse_iterator(end());
+  }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::rbegin() to return a const reverse iterator from
   // the end of the fixed array.
-  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const {
+  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_reverse_iterator(end());
   }
 
   // FixedArray::crbegin()
   //
   // Returns a const reverse iterator from the end of the fixed array.
-  const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const { return rbegin(); }
+  const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return rbegin();
+  }
 
   // FixedArray::rend()
   //
   // Returns a reverse iterator from the beginning of the fixed array.
-  reverse_iterator rend() { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
+  reverse_iterator rend() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return reverse_iterator(begin());
+  }
 
   // Overload of FixedArray::rend() for returning a const reverse iterator
   // from the beginning of the fixed array.
-  const_reverse_iterator rend() const {
+  const_reverse_iterator rend() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_reverse_iterator(begin());
   }
 
   // FixedArray::crend()
   //
   // Returns a reverse iterator from the beginning of the fixed array.
-  const_reverse_iterator crend() const { return rend(); }
+  const_reverse_iterator crend() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return rend();
+  }
 
   // FixedArray::fill()
   //
diff --git a/absl/container/inlined_vector.h b/absl/container/inlined_vector.h
index 245e1c57..04e2c385 100644
--- a/absl/container/inlined_vector.h
+++ b/absl/container/inlined_vector.h
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // can be used to access and modify the contained elements.
   //
   // NOTE: only elements within [`data()`, `data() + size()`) are valid.
-  pointer data() noexcept {
+  pointer data() noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return storage_.GetIsAllocated() ? storage_.GetAllocatedData()
                                      : storage_.GetInlinedData();
   }
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // modify the contained elements.
   //
   // NOTE: only elements within [`data()`, `data() + size()`) are valid.
-  const_pointer data() const noexcept {
+  const_pointer data() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return storage_.GetIsAllocated() ? storage_.GetAllocatedData()
                                      : storage_.GetInlinedData();
   }
@@ -359,14 +359,14 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // `InlinedVector::operator[](...)`
   //
   // Returns a `reference` to the `i`th element of the inlined vector.
-  reference operator[](size_type i) {
+  reference operator[](size_type i) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(i < size());
     return data()[i];
   }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::operator[](...)` that returns a
   // `const_reference` to the `i`th element of the inlined vector.
-  const_reference operator[](size_type i) const {
+  const_reference operator[](size_type i) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(i < size());
     return data()[i];
   }
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   //
   // NOTE: if `i` is not within the required range of `InlinedVector::at(...)`,
   // in both debug and non-debug builds, `std::out_of_range` will be thrown.
-  reference at(size_type i) {
+  reference at(size_type i) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(i >= size())) {
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange(
           "`InlinedVector::at(size_type)` failed bounds check");
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   //
   // NOTE: if `i` is not within the required range of `InlinedVector::at(...)`,
   // in both debug and non-debug builds, `std::out_of_range` will be thrown.
-  const_reference at(size_type i) const {
+  const_reference at(size_type i) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(i >= size())) {
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange(
           "`InlinedVector::at(size_type) const` failed bounds check");
@@ -401,14 +401,14 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // `InlinedVector::front()`
   //
   // Returns a `reference` to the first element of the inlined vector.
-  reference front() {
+  reference front() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[0];
   }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::front()` that returns a `const_reference` to
   // the first element of the inlined vector.
-  const_reference front() const {
+  const_reference front() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[0];
   }
@@ -416,14 +416,14 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // `InlinedVector::back()`
   //
   // Returns a `reference` to the last element of the inlined vector.
-  reference back() {
+  reference back() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[size() - 1];
   }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::back()` that returns a `const_reference` to the
   // last element of the inlined vector.
-  const_reference back() const {
+  const_reference back() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(!empty());
     return data()[size() - 1];
   }
@@ -431,63 +431,82 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // `InlinedVector::begin()`
   //
   // Returns an `iterator` to the beginning of the inlined vector.
-  iterator begin() noexcept { return data(); }
+  iterator begin() noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { return data(); }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::begin()` that returns a `const_iterator` to
   // the beginning of the inlined vector.
-  const_iterator begin() const noexcept { return data(); }
+  const_iterator begin() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return data();
+  }
 
   // `InlinedVector::end()`
   //
   // Returns an `iterator` to the end of the inlined vector.
-  iterator end() noexcept { return data() + size(); }
+  iterator end() noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return data() + size();
+  }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::end()` that returns a `const_iterator` to the
   // end of the inlined vector.
-  const_iterator end() const noexcept { return data() + size(); }
+  const_iterator end() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return data() + size();
+  }
 
   // `InlinedVector::cbegin()`
   //
   // Returns a `const_iterator` to the beginning of the inlined vector.
-  const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept { return begin(); }
+  const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return begin();
+  }
 
   // `InlinedVector::cend()`
   //
   // Returns a `const_iterator` to the end of the inlined vector.
-  const_iterator cend() const noexcept { return end(); }
+  const_iterator cend() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return end();
+  }
 
   // `InlinedVector::rbegin()`
   //
   // Returns a `reverse_iterator` from the end of the inlined vector.
-  reverse_iterator rbegin() noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
+  reverse_iterator rbegin() noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return reverse_iterator(end());
+  }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::rbegin()` that returns a
   // `const_reverse_iterator` from the end of the inlined vector.
-  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept {
+  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_reverse_iterator(end());
   }
 
   // `InlinedVector::rend()`
   //
   // Returns a `reverse_iterator` from the beginning of the inlined vector.
-  reverse_iterator rend() noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
+  reverse_iterator rend() noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return reverse_iterator(begin());
+  }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::rend()` that returns a `const_reverse_iterator`
   // from the beginning of the inlined vector.
-  const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept {
+  const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_reverse_iterator(begin());
   }
 
   // `InlinedVector::crbegin()`
   //
   // Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` from the end of the inlined vector.
-  const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept { return rbegin(); }
+  const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return rbegin();
+  }
 
   // `InlinedVector::crend()`
   //
   // Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` from the beginning of the inlined
   // vector.
-  const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept { return rend(); }
+  const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return rend();
+  }
 
   // `InlinedVector::get_allocator()`
   //
@@ -597,20 +616,23 @@ class InlinedVector {
   //
   // Inserts a copy of `v` at `pos`, returning an `iterator` to the newly
   // inserted element.
-  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_reference v) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator pos,
+                  const_reference v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return emplace(pos, v);
   }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::insert(...)` that inserts `v` at `pos` using
   // move semantics, returning an `iterator` to the newly inserted element.
-  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, value_type&& v) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator pos,
+                  value_type&& v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return emplace(pos, std::move(v));
   }
 
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::insert(...)` that inserts `n` contiguous copies
   // of `v` starting at `pos`, returning an `iterator` pointing to the first of
   // the newly inserted elements.
-  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type n, const_reference v) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type n,
+                  const_reference v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos >= begin());
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos <= end());
 
@@ -638,7 +660,8 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // Overload of `InlinedVector::insert(...)` that inserts copies of the
   // elements of `list` starting at `pos`, returning an `iterator` pointing to
   // the first of the newly inserted elements.
-  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, std::initializer_list<value_type> list) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, std::initializer_list<value_type> list)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert(pos, list.begin(), list.end());
   }
 
@@ -650,7 +673,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   template <typename ForwardIterator,
             EnableIfAtLeastForwardIterator<ForwardIterator> = 0>
   iterator insert(const_iterator pos, ForwardIterator first,
-                  ForwardIterator last) {
+                  ForwardIterator last) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos >= begin());
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos <= end());
 
@@ -670,7 +693,8 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // NOTE: this overload is for iterators that are "input" category.
   template <typename InputIterator,
             DisableIfAtLeastForwardIterator<InputIterator> = 0>
-  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator pos, InputIterator first,
+                  InputIterator last) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos >= begin());
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos <= end());
 
@@ -687,7 +711,8 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // Constructs and inserts an element using `args...` in the inlined vector at
   // `pos`, returning an `iterator` pointing to the newly emplaced element.
   template <typename... Args>
-  iterator emplace(const_iterator pos, Args&&... args) {
+  iterator emplace(const_iterator pos,
+                   Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos >= begin());
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos <= end());
 
@@ -715,7 +740,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // Constructs and inserts an element using `args...` in the inlined vector at
   // `end()`, returning a `reference` to the newly emplaced element.
   template <typename... Args>
-  reference emplace_back(Args&&... args) {
+  reference emplace_back(Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return storage_.EmplaceBack(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
 
@@ -746,7 +771,7 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // erased element was located.
   //
   // NOTE: may return `end()`, which is not dereferenceable.
-  iterator erase(const_iterator pos) {
+  iterator erase(const_iterator pos) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos >= begin());
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(pos < end());
 
@@ -758,7 +783,8 @@ class InlinedVector {
   // erased element was located.
   //
   // NOTE: may return `end()`, which is not dereferenceable.
-  iterator erase(const_iterator from, const_iterator to) {
+  iterator erase(const_iterator from,
+                 const_iterator to) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(from >= begin());
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(from <= to);
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(to <= end());
diff --git a/absl/container/internal/btree.h b/absl/container/internal/btree.h
index 6071247c..e927c44a 100644
--- a/absl/container/internal/btree.h
+++ b/absl/container/internal/btree.h
@@ -1444,43 +1444,54 @@ class btree {
   btree &operator=(const btree &other);
   btree &operator=(btree &&other) noexcept;
 
-  iterator begin() { return iterator(leftmost()); }
-  const_iterator begin() const { return const_iterator(leftmost()); }
-  iterator end() { return iterator(rightmost(), rightmost()->finish()); }
-  const_iterator end() const {
+  iterator begin() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return iterator(leftmost());
+  }
+  const_iterator begin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return const_iterator(leftmost());
+  }
+  iterator end() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return iterator(rightmost(), rightmost()->finish());
+  }
+  const_iterator end() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_iterator(rightmost(), rightmost()->finish());
   }
-  reverse_iterator rbegin() { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
-  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const {
+  reverse_iterator rbegin() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return reverse_iterator(end());
+  }
+  const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_reverse_iterator(end());
   }
-  reverse_iterator rend() { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
-  const_reverse_iterator rend() const {
+  reverse_iterator rend() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return reverse_iterator(begin());
+  }
+  const_reverse_iterator rend() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_reverse_iterator(begin());
   }
 
   // Finds the first element whose key is not less than `key`.
   template <typename K>
-  iterator lower_bound(const K &key) {
+  iterator lower_bound(const K &key) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return internal_end(internal_lower_bound(key).value);
   }
   template <typename K>
-  const_iterator lower_bound(const K &key) const {
+  const_iterator lower_bound(const K &key) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return internal_end(internal_lower_bound(key).value);
   }
 
   // Finds the first element whose key is not less than `key` and also returns
   // whether that element is equal to `key`.
   template <typename K>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> lower_bound_equal(const K &key) const;
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> lower_bound_equal(const K &key) const
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Finds the first element whose key is greater than `key`.
   template <typename K>
-  iterator upper_bound(const K &key) {
+  iterator upper_bound(const K &key) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return internal_end(internal_upper_bound(key));
   }
   template <typename K>
-  const_iterator upper_bound(const K &key) const {
+  const_iterator upper_bound(const K &key) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return internal_end(internal_upper_bound(key));
   }
 
@@ -1488,9 +1499,11 @@ class btree {
   // the returned pair is equal to lower_bound(key). The second member of the
   // pair is equal to upper_bound(key).
   template <typename K>
-  std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const K &key);
+  std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const K &key)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
   template <typename K>
-  std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const K &key) const {
+  std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const K &key) const
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_cast<btree *>(this)->equal_range(key);
   }
 
@@ -1499,7 +1512,8 @@ class btree {
   // Requirement: if `key` already exists in the btree, does not consume `args`.
   // Requirement: `key` is never referenced after consuming `args`.
   template <typename K, typename... Args>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_unique(const K &key, Args &&...args);
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_unique(const K &key, Args &&...args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Inserts with hint. Checks to see if the value should be placed immediately
   // before `position` in the tree. If so, then the insertion will take
@@ -1509,7 +1523,8 @@ class btree {
   // Requirement: `key` is never referenced after consuming `args`.
   template <typename K, typename... Args>
   std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_hint_unique(iterator position, const K &key,
-                                               Args &&...args);
+                                               Args &&...args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Insert a range of values into the btree.
   // Note: the first overload avoids constructing a value_type if the key
@@ -1526,11 +1541,12 @@ class btree {
 
   // Inserts a value into the btree.
   template <typename ValueType>
-  iterator insert_multi(const key_type &key, ValueType &&v);
+  iterator insert_multi(const key_type &key,
+                        ValueType &&v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Inserts a value into the btree.
   template <typename ValueType>
-  iterator insert_multi(ValueType &&v) {
+  iterator insert_multi(ValueType &&v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_multi(params_type::key(v), std::forward<ValueType>(v));
   }
 
@@ -1539,30 +1555,33 @@ class btree {
   // amortized constant time. If not, the insertion will take amortized
   // logarithmic time as if a call to insert_multi(v) were made.
   template <typename ValueType>
-  iterator insert_hint_multi(iterator position, ValueType &&v);
+  iterator insert_hint_multi(iterator position,
+                             ValueType &&v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Insert a range of values into the btree.
   template <typename InputIterator>
-  void insert_iterator_multi(InputIterator b, InputIterator e);
+  void insert_iterator_multi(InputIterator b,
+                             InputIterator e);
 
   // Erase the specified iterator from the btree. The iterator must be valid
   // (i.e. not equal to end()).  Return an iterator pointing to the node after
   // the one that was erased (or end() if none exists).
   // Requirement: does not read the value at `*iter`.
-  iterator erase(iterator iter);
+  iterator erase(iterator iter) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Erases range. Returns the number of keys erased and an iterator pointing
   // to the element after the last erased element.
-  std::pair<size_type, iterator> erase_range(iterator begin, iterator end);
+  std::pair<size_type, iterator> erase_range(iterator begin, iterator end)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND;
 
   // Finds an element with key equivalent to `key` or returns `end()` if `key`
   // is not present.
   template <typename K>
-  iterator find(const K &key) {
+  iterator find(const K &key) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return internal_end(internal_find(key));
   }
   template <typename K>
-  const_iterator find(const K &key) const {
+  const_iterator find(const K &key) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return internal_end(internal_find(key));
   }
 
@@ -1572,7 +1591,7 @@ class btree {
   // Swaps the contents of `this` and `other`.
   void swap(btree &other);
 
-  const key_compare &key_comp() const noexcept {
+  const key_compare &key_comp() const noexcept ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return rightmost_.template get<0>();
   }
   template <typename K1, typename K2>
diff --git a/absl/container/internal/btree_container.h b/absl/container/internal/btree_container.h
index 2bff11db..3c404500 100644
--- a/absl/container/internal/btree_container.h
+++ b/absl/container/internal/btree_container.h
@@ -434,37 +434,43 @@ class btree_map_container : public btree_set_container<Tree> {
   // Note: the nullptr template arguments and extra `const M&` overloads allow
   // for supporting bitfield arguments.
   template <typename K = key_type, class M>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K> &k,
-                                             const M &obj) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K> &k, const M &obj)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(k, obj);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M, K * = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K> &&k, const M &obj) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K> &&k, const M &obj)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(std::forward<K>(k), obj);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M, M * = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K> &k, M &&obj) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K> &k, M &&obj)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(k, std::forward<M>(obj));
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M, K * = nullptr, M * = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K> &&k, M &&obj) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K> &&k, M &&obj)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<M>(obj));
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M>
   iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, const key_arg<K> &k,
-                            const M &obj) {
+                            const M &obj) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_hint_impl(hint, k, obj);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M, K * = nullptr>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, key_arg<K> &&k, const M &obj) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, key_arg<K> &&k,
+                            const M &obj) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_hint_impl(hint, std::forward<K>(k), obj);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M, M * = nullptr>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, const key_arg<K> &k, M &&obj) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, const key_arg<K> &k,
+                            M &&obj) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_hint_impl(hint, k, std::forward<M>(obj));
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, class M, K * = nullptr, M * = nullptr>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, key_arg<K> &&k, M &&obj) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator hint, key_arg<K> &&k,
+                            M &&obj) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_hint_impl(hint, std::forward<K>(k),
                                       std::forward<M>(obj));
   }
@@ -472,44 +478,48 @@ class btree_map_container : public btree_set_container<Tree> {
   template <typename K = key_type, typename... Args,
             typename absl::enable_if_t<
                 !std::is_convertible<K, const_iterator>::value, int> = 0>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(const key_arg<K> &k, Args &&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(const key_arg<K> &k, Args &&...args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace_impl(k, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, typename... Args,
             typename absl::enable_if_t<
                 !std::is_convertible<K, const_iterator>::value, int> = 0>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(key_arg<K> &&k, Args &&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(key_arg<K> &&k, Args &&...args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace_impl(std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, typename... Args>
   iterator try_emplace(const_iterator hint, const key_arg<K> &k,
-                       Args &&... args) {
+                       Args &&...args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace_hint_impl(hint, k, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
   template <typename K = key_type, typename... Args>
-  iterator try_emplace(const_iterator hint, key_arg<K> &&k, Args &&... args) {
+  iterator try_emplace(const_iterator hint, key_arg<K> &&k,
+                       Args &&...args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace_hint_impl(hint, std::forward<K>(k),
                                  std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
 
   template <typename K = key_type>
-  mapped_type &operator[](const key_arg<K> &k) {
+  mapped_type &operator[](const key_arg<K> &k) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace(k).first->second;
   }
   template <typename K = key_type>
-  mapped_type &operator[](key_arg<K> &&k) {
+  mapped_type &operator[](key_arg<K> &&k) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace(std::forward<K>(k)).first->second;
   }
 
   template <typename K = key_type>
-  mapped_type &at(const key_arg<K> &key) {
+  mapped_type &at(const key_arg<K> &key) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = this->find(key);
     if (it == this->end())
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange("absl::btree_map::at");
     return it->second;
   }
   template <typename K = key_type>
-  const mapped_type &at(const key_arg<K> &key) const {
+  const mapped_type &at(const key_arg<K> &key) const
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = this->find(key);
     if (it == this->end())
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange("absl::btree_map::at");
@@ -600,14 +610,18 @@ class btree_multiset_container : public btree_container<Tree> {
       : btree_multiset_container(init.begin(), init.end(), alloc) {}
 
   // Insertion routines.
-  iterator insert(const value_type &v) { return this->tree_.insert_multi(v); }
-  iterator insert(value_type &&v) {
+  iterator insert(const value_type &v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return this->tree_.insert_multi(v);
+  }
+  iterator insert(value_type &&v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return this->tree_.insert_multi(std::move(v));
   }
-  iterator insert(const_iterator hint, const value_type &v) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator hint,
+                  const value_type &v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return this->tree_.insert_hint_multi(iterator(hint), v);
   }
-  iterator insert(const_iterator hint, value_type &&v) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator hint,
+                  value_type &&v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return this->tree_.insert_hint_multi(iterator(hint), std::move(v));
   }
   template <typename InputIterator>
@@ -618,21 +632,22 @@ class btree_multiset_container : public btree_container<Tree> {
     this->tree_.insert_iterator_multi(init.begin(), init.end());
   }
   template <typename... Args>
-  iterator emplace(Args &&... args) {
+  iterator emplace(Args &&...args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     // Use a node handle to manage a temp slot.
     auto node = CommonAccess::Construct<node_type>(this->get_allocator(),
                                                    std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     return this->tree_.insert_multi(CommonAccess::GetSlot(node));
   }
   template <typename... Args>
-  iterator emplace_hint(const_iterator hint, Args &&... args) {
+  iterator emplace_hint(const_iterator hint,
+                        Args &&...args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     // Use a node handle to manage a temp slot.
     auto node = CommonAccess::Construct<node_type>(this->get_allocator(),
                                                    std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     return this->tree_.insert_hint_multi(iterator(hint),
                                          CommonAccess::GetSlot(node));
   }
-  iterator insert(node_type &&node) {
+  iterator insert(node_type &&node) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (!node) return this->end();
     iterator res =
         this->tree_.insert_multi(params_type::key(CommonAccess::GetSlot(node)),
@@ -640,7 +655,8 @@ class btree_multiset_container : public btree_container<Tree> {
     CommonAccess::Destroy(&node);
     return res;
   }
-  iterator insert(const_iterator hint, node_type &&node) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator hint,
+                  node_type &&node) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (!node) return this->end();
     iterator res = this->tree_.insert_hint_multi(
         iterator(hint),
diff --git a/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_map.h b/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_map.h
index c7df2efc..2d5a8710 100644
--- a/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_map.h
+++ b/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_map.h
@@ -71,43 +71,51 @@ class raw_hash_map : public raw_hash_set<Policy, Hash, Eq, Alloc> {
   //   m.insert_or_assign(n, n);
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type, K* = nullptr,
             V* = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K>&& k, V&& v) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K>&& k, V&& v)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<V>(v));
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type, K* = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K>&& k, const V& v) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(key_arg<K>&& k, const V& v)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(std::forward<K>(k), v);
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type, V* = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K>& k, V&& v) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K>& k, V&& v)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(k, std::forward<V>(v));
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K>& k, const V& v) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign(const key_arg<K>& k, const V& v)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign_impl(k, v);
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type, K* = nullptr,
             V* = nullptr>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, key_arg<K>&& k, V&& v) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, key_arg<K>&& k,
+                            V&& v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign(std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<V>(v)).first;
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type, K* = nullptr>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, key_arg<K>&& k, const V& v) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, key_arg<K>&& k,
+                            const V& v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign(std::forward<K>(k), v).first;
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type, V* = nullptr>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, const key_arg<K>& k, V&& v) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, const key_arg<K>& k,
+                            V&& v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign(k, std::forward<V>(v)).first;
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class V = mapped_type>
-  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, const key_arg<K>& k, const V& v) {
+  iterator insert_or_assign(const_iterator, const key_arg<K>& k,
+                            const V& v) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert_or_assign(k, v).first;
   }
 
@@ -118,29 +126,33 @@ class raw_hash_map : public raw_hash_set<Policy, Hash, Eq, Alloc> {
             typename std::enable_if<
                 !std::is_convertible<K, const_iterator>::value, int>::type = 0,
             K* = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(key_arg<K>&& k, Args&&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(key_arg<K>&& k, Args&&... args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace_impl(std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class... Args,
             typename std::enable_if<
                 !std::is_convertible<K, const_iterator>::value, int>::type = 0>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(const key_arg<K>& k, Args&&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace(const key_arg<K>& k, Args&&... args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace_impl(k, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class... Args, K* = nullptr>
-  iterator try_emplace(const_iterator, key_arg<K>&& k, Args&&... args) {
+  iterator try_emplace(const_iterator, key_arg<K>&& k,
+                       Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace(std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<Args>(args)...).first;
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class... Args>
-  iterator try_emplace(const_iterator, const key_arg<K>& k, Args&&... args) {
+  iterator try_emplace(const_iterator, const key_arg<K>& k,
+                       Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return try_emplace(k, std::forward<Args>(args)...).first;
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class P = Policy>
-  MappedReference<P> at(const key_arg<K>& key) {
+  MappedReference<P> at(const key_arg<K>& key) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = this->find(key);
     if (it == this->end()) {
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange(
@@ -150,7 +162,8 @@ class raw_hash_map : public raw_hash_set<Policy, Hash, Eq, Alloc> {
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class P = Policy>
-  MappedConstReference<P> at(const key_arg<K>& key) const {
+  MappedConstReference<P> at(const key_arg<K>& key) const
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = this->find(key);
     if (it == this->end()) {
       base_internal::ThrowStdOutOfRange(
@@ -160,18 +173,21 @@ class raw_hash_map : public raw_hash_set<Policy, Hash, Eq, Alloc> {
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class P = Policy, K* = nullptr>
-  MappedReference<P> operator[](key_arg<K>&& key) {
+  MappedReference<P> operator[](key_arg<K>&& key)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return Policy::value(&*try_emplace(std::forward<K>(key)).first);
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class P = Policy>
-  MappedReference<P> operator[](const key_arg<K>& key) {
+  MappedReference<P> operator[](const key_arg<K>& key)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return Policy::value(&*try_emplace(key).first);
   }
 
  private:
   template <class K, class V>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign_impl(K&& k, V&& v) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert_or_assign_impl(K&& k, V&& v)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto res = this->find_or_prepare_insert(k);
     if (res.second)
       this->emplace_at(res.first, std::forward<K>(k), std::forward<V>(v));
@@ -181,7 +197,8 @@ class raw_hash_map : public raw_hash_set<Policy, Hash, Eq, Alloc> {
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type, class... Args>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace_impl(K&& k, Args&&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> try_emplace_impl(K&& k, Args&&... args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto res = this->find_or_prepare_insert(k);
     if (res.second)
       this->emplace_at(res.first, std::piecewise_construct,
diff --git a/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_set.h b/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_set.h
index 93d3680e..df7ff793 100644
--- a/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_set.h
+++ b/absl/container/internal/raw_hash_set.h
@@ -1828,19 +1828,25 @@ class raw_hash_set {
     infoz().Unregister();
   }
 
-  iterator begin() {
+  iterator begin() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = iterator_at(0);
     it.skip_empty_or_deleted();
     return it;
   }
-  iterator end() { return iterator(common().generation_ptr()); }
+  iterator end() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return iterator(common().generation_ptr());
+  }
 
-  const_iterator begin() const {
+  const_iterator begin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_cast<raw_hash_set*>(this)->begin();
   }
-  const_iterator end() const { return iterator(common().generation_ptr()); }
-  const_iterator cbegin() const { return begin(); }
-  const_iterator cend() const { return end(); }
+  const_iterator end() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return iterator(common().generation_ptr());
+  }
+  const_iterator cbegin() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
+    return begin();
+  }
+  const_iterator cend() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND { return end(); }
 
   bool empty() const { return !size(); }
   size_t size() const { return common().size_; }
@@ -1887,7 +1893,7 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   template <class T, RequiresInsertable<T> = 0, class T2 = T,
             typename std::enable_if<IsDecomposable<T2>::value, int>::type = 0,
             T* = nullptr>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert(T&& value) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert(T&& value) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return emplace(std::forward<T>(value));
   }
 
@@ -1905,7 +1911,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   template <
       class T, RequiresInsertable<const T&> = 0,
       typename std::enable_if<IsDecomposable<const T&>::value, int>::type = 0>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert(const T& value) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert(const T& value)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return emplace(value);
   }
 
@@ -1914,7 +1921,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   //
   //   flat_hash_map<std::string, int> s;
   //   s.insert({"abc", 42});
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert(init_type&& value) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> insert(init_type&& value)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return emplace(std::move(value));
   }
 
@@ -1923,18 +1931,20 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   template <class T, RequiresInsertable<T> = 0, class T2 = T,
             typename std::enable_if<IsDecomposable<T2>::value, int>::type = 0,
             T* = nullptr>
-  iterator insert(const_iterator, T&& value) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator, T&& value) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert(std::forward<T>(value)).first;
   }
 
   template <
       class T, RequiresInsertable<const T&> = 0,
       typename std::enable_if<IsDecomposable<const T&>::value, int>::type = 0>
-  iterator insert(const_iterator, const T& value) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator,
+                  const T& value) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert(value).first;
   }
 
-  iterator insert(const_iterator, init_type&& value) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator,
+                  init_type&& value) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return insert(std::move(value)).first;
   }
 
@@ -1952,7 +1962,7 @@ class raw_hash_set {
     insert(ilist.begin(), ilist.end());
   }
 
-  insert_return_type insert(node_type&& node) {
+  insert_return_type insert(node_type&& node) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     if (!node) return {end(), false, node_type()};
     const auto& elem = PolicyTraits::element(CommonAccess::GetSlot(node));
     auto res = PolicyTraits::apply(
@@ -1966,7 +1976,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
     }
   }
 
-  iterator insert(const_iterator, node_type&& node) {
+  iterator insert(const_iterator,
+                  node_type&& node) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto res = insert(std::move(node));
     node = std::move(res.node);
     return res.position;
@@ -1983,7 +1994,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   //   m.emplace("abc", "xyz");
   template <class... Args, typename std::enable_if<
                                IsDecomposable<Args...>::value, int>::type = 0>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&&... args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return PolicyTraits::apply(EmplaceDecomposable{*this},
                                std::forward<Args>(args)...);
   }
@@ -1993,7 +2005,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   // destroys.
   template <class... Args, typename std::enable_if<
                                !IsDecomposable<Args...>::value, int>::type = 0>
-  std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&&... args) {
+  std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&&... args)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     alignas(slot_type) unsigned char raw[sizeof(slot_type)];
     slot_type* slot = reinterpret_cast<slot_type*>(&raw);
 
@@ -2003,7 +2016,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   }
 
   template <class... Args>
-  iterator emplace_hint(const_iterator, Args&&... args) {
+  iterator emplace_hint(const_iterator,
+                        Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return emplace(std::forward<Args>(args)...).first;
   }
 
@@ -2053,7 +2067,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   };
 
   template <class K = key_type, class F>
-  iterator lazy_emplace(const key_arg<K>& key, F&& f) {
+  iterator lazy_emplace(const key_arg<K>& key,
+                        F&& f) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto res = find_or_prepare_insert(key);
     if (res.second) {
       slot_type* slot = slot_array() + res.first;
@@ -2103,7 +2118,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
     erase_meta_only(it);
   }
 
-  iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
+  iterator erase(const_iterator first,
+                 const_iterator last) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     while (first != last) {
       erase(first++);
     }
@@ -2232,7 +2248,8 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   // 2. The type of the key argument doesn't have to be key_type. This is so
   // called heterogeneous key support.
   template <class K = key_type>
-  iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key, size_t hash) {
+  iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key,
+                size_t hash) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto seq = probe(common(), hash);
     slot_type* slot_ptr = slot_array();
     const ctrl_t* ctrl = control();
@@ -2250,17 +2267,19 @@ class raw_hash_set {
     }
   }
   template <class K = key_type>
-  iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key) {
+  iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     prefetch_heap_block();
     return find(key, hash_ref()(key));
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type>
-  const_iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key, size_t hash) const {
+  const_iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key,
+                      size_t hash) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return const_cast<raw_hash_set*>(this)->find(key, hash);
   }
   template <class K = key_type>
-  const_iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key) const {
+  const_iterator find(const key_arg<K>& key) const
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     prefetch_heap_block();
     return find(key, hash_ref()(key));
   }
@@ -2271,14 +2290,15 @@ class raw_hash_set {
   }
 
   template <class K = key_type>
-  std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_arg<K>& key) {
+  std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_arg<K>& key)
+      ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = find(key);
     if (it != end()) return {it, std::next(it)};
     return {it, it};
   }
   template <class K = key_type>
   std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(
-      const key_arg<K>& key) const {
+      const key_arg<K>& key) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     auto it = find(key);
     if (it != end()) return {it, std::next(it)};
     return {it, it};
@@ -2606,10 +2626,10 @@ class raw_hash_set {
            "constructed value does not match the lookup key");
   }
 
-  iterator iterator_at(size_t i) {
+  iterator iterator_at(size_t i) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return {control() + i, slot_array() + i, common().generation_ptr()};
   }
-  const_iterator iterator_at(size_t i) const {
+  const_iterator iterator_at(size_t i) const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return {control() + i, slot_array() + i, common().generation_ptr()};
   }
 
diff --git a/absl/types/any.h b/absl/types/any.h
index 204da26d..61f071f1 100644
--- a/absl/types/any.h
+++ b/absl/types/any.h
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 #ifndef ABSL_TYPES_ANY_H_
 #define ABSL_TYPES_ANY_H_
 
+#include "absl/base/attributes.h"
 #include "absl/base/config.h"
 #include "absl/utility/utility.h"
 
@@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ class any {
       typename T, typename... Args, typename VT = absl::decay_t<T>,
       absl::enable_if_t<std::is_copy_constructible<VT>::value &&
                         std::is_constructible<VT, Args...>::value>* = nullptr>
-  VT& emplace(Args&&... args) {
+  VT& emplace(Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     reset();  // NOTE: reset() is required here even in the world of exceptions.
     Obj<VT>* const object_ptr =
         new Obj<VT>(in_place, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
@@ -312,7 +313,8 @@ class any {
       absl::enable_if_t<std::is_copy_constructible<VT>::value &&
                         std::is_constructible<VT, std::initializer_list<U>&,
                                               Args...>::value>* = nullptr>
-  VT& emplace(std::initializer_list<U> ilist, Args&&... args) {
+  VT& emplace(std::initializer_list<U> ilist,
+              Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     reset();  // NOTE: reset() is required here even in the world of exceptions.
     Obj<VT>* const object_ptr =
         new Obj<VT>(in_place, ilist, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
diff --git a/absl/types/optional.h b/absl/types/optional.h
index e42ab4d0..0a8080dc 100644
--- a/absl/types/optional.h
+++ b/absl/types/optional.h
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ class optional : private optional_internal::optional_data<T>,
   template <typename... Args,
             typename = typename std::enable_if<
                 std::is_constructible<T, Args&&...>::value>::type>
-  T& emplace(Args&&... args) {
+  T& emplace(Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     this->destruct();
     this->construct(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     return reference();
@@ -377,7 +377,8 @@ class optional : private optional_internal::optional_data<T>,
   template <typename U, typename... Args,
             typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_constructible<
                 T, std::initializer_list<U>&, Args&&...>::value>::type>
-  T& emplace(std::initializer_list<U> il, Args&&... args) {
+  T& emplace(std::initializer_list<U> il,
+             Args&&... args) ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     this->destruct();
     this->construct(il, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     return reference();
@@ -414,11 +415,11 @@ class optional : private optional_internal::optional_data<T>,
   // `optional` is empty, behavior is undefined.
   //
   // If you need myOpt->foo in constexpr, use (*myOpt).foo instead.
-  const T* operator->() const {
+  const T* operator->() const ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(this->engaged_);
     return std::addressof(this->data_);
   }
-  T* operator->() {
+  T* operator->() ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(this->engaged_);
     return std::addressof(this->data_);
   }
@@ -427,17 +428,17 @@ class optional : private optional_internal::optional_data<T>,
   //
   // Accesses the underlying `T` value of an `optional`. If the `optional` is
   // empty, behavior is undefined.
-  constexpr const T& operator*() const& {
+  constexpr const T& operator*() const& ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(this->engaged_), reference();
   }
-  T& operator*() & {
+  T& operator*() & ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(this->engaged_);
     return reference();
   }
-  constexpr const T&& operator*() const && {
+  constexpr const T&& operator*() const&& ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(this->engaged_), absl::move(reference());
   }
-  T&& operator*() && {
+  T&& operator*() && ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(this->engaged_);
     return std::move(reference());
   }
@@ -472,23 +473,24 @@ class optional : private optional_internal::optional_data<T>,
   // and lvalue/rvalue-ness of the `optional` is preserved to the view of
   // the `T` sub-object. Throws `absl::bad_optional_access` when the `optional`
   // is empty.
-  constexpr const T& value() const & {
+  constexpr const T& value() const& ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return static_cast<bool>(*this)
                ? reference()
                : (optional_internal::throw_bad_optional_access(), reference());
   }
-  T& value() & {
+  T& value() & ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {
     return static_cast<bool>(*this)
                ? reference()
                : (optional_internal::throw_bad_optional_access(), reference());
   }
-  T&& value() && {  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
+  T&& value() && ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
     return std::move(
         static_cast<bool>(*this)
             ? reference()
             : (optional_internal::throw_bad_optional_access(), reference()));
   }
-  constexpr const T&& value() const && {  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
+  constexpr const T&& value()
+      const&& ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME_BOUND {  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
     return absl::move(
         static_cast<bool>(*this)
             ? reference()