/*
 *
 * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
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 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
 * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 * distribution.
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 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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 */

#include <mutex>
#include <thread>

#include "src/cpp/server/dynamic_thread_pool.h"

namespace grpc {
DynamicThreadPool::DynamicThread::DynamicThread(DynamicThreadPool* pool)
    : pool_(pool),
      thd_(new std::thread(&DynamicThreadPool::DynamicThread::ThreadFunc,
                           this)) {}
DynamicThreadPool::DynamicThread::~DynamicThread() {
  thd_->join();
  thd_.reset();
}

void DynamicThreadPool::DynamicThread::ThreadFunc() {
  pool_->ThreadFunc();
  // Now that we have killed ourselves, we should reduce the thread count
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(pool_->mu_);
  pool_->nthreads_--;
  // Move ourselves to dead list
  pool_->dead_threads_.push_back(this);

  if ((pool_->shutdown_) && (pool_->nthreads_ == 0)) {
    pool_->shutdown_cv_.notify_one();
  }
}

void DynamicThreadPool::ThreadFunc() {
  for (;;) {
    // Wait until work is available or we are shutting down.
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mu_);
    if (!shutdown_ && callbacks_.empty()) {
      // If there are too many threads waiting, then quit this thread
      if (threads_waiting_ >= reserve_threads_) {
        break;
      }
      threads_waiting_++;
      cv_.wait(lock);
      threads_waiting_--;
    }
    // Drain callbacks before considering shutdown to ensure all work
    // gets completed.
    if (!callbacks_.empty()) {
      auto cb = callbacks_.front();
      callbacks_.pop();
      lock.unlock();
      cb();
    } else if (shutdown_) {
      break;
    }
  }
}

DynamicThreadPool::DynamicThreadPool(int reserve_threads)
    : shutdown_(false),
      reserve_threads_(reserve_threads),
      nthreads_(0),
      threads_waiting_(0) {
  for (int i = 0; i < reserve_threads_; i++) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mu_);
    nthreads_++;
    new DynamicThread(this);
  }
}

void DynamicThreadPool::ReapThreads(std::list<DynamicThread*>* tlist) {
  for (auto t = tlist->begin(); t != tlist->end(); t = tlist->erase(t)) {
    delete *t;
  }
}

DynamicThreadPool::~DynamicThreadPool() {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mu_);
  shutdown_ = true;
  cv_.notify_all();
  while (nthreads_ != 0) {
    shutdown_cv_.wait(lock);
  }
  ReapThreads(&dead_threads_);
}

void DynamicThreadPool::Add(const std::function<void()>& callback) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mu_);
  // Add works to the callbacks list
  callbacks_.push(callback);
  // Increase pool size or notify as needed
  if (threads_waiting_ == 0) {
    // Kick off a new thread
    nthreads_++;
    new DynamicThread(this);
  } else {
    cv_.notify_one();
  }
  // Also use this chance to harvest dead threads
  if (!dead_threads_.empty()) {
    ReapThreads(&dead_threads_);
  }
}

}  // namespace grpc