From 582e4baf37cdfe23f17d4c6ca8fdd912108cfd29 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gil <mcg@google.com>
Date: Tue, 6 Feb 2018 09:35:10 -0800
Subject: Add StrCat, StrJoin and the rest of //strings from abseil-cpp (#756)

From abseil-cpp version bf7fc9986e20f664958fc227547fd8d2fdcf863e
---
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/memory/CMakeLists.txt          |   52 +
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory.h    |  640 +++++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory_test.cc          |  614 ++++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/CMakeLists.txt         |   62 +
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.cc  |  206 ++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.h   |  632 +++++++++++
 .../absl/numeric/int128_have_intrinsic.inc         |    3 +
 .../absl/numeric/int128_no_intrinsic.inc           |    3 +
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_stream_test.cc  |  666 +++++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_test.cc         |  429 +++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.cc            | 1109 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.h |  161 +++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping_test.cc       |  640 +++++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map.h    |  154 +++
 .../absl/strings/internal/char_map_test.cc         |  172 +++
 .../absl/strings/internal/escaping_test_common.inc |  113 ++
 .../absl/strings/internal/numbers_test_common.inc  |  156 +++
 .../absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.cc         |   34 +
 .../absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h          |   87 ++
 .../absl/strings/internal/ostringstream_test.cc    |  102 ++
 .../absl/strings/internal/stl_type_traits.h        |  213 ++++
 .../absl/strings/internal/str_join_internal.h      |  309 +++++
 .../absl/strings/internal/str_split_internal.h     |  435 +++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.cc       |   51 +
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.h        |   51 +
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8_test.cc  |   57 +
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.cc |  919 +++++++++++++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.h  |  172 +++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers_test.cc        | 1186 ++++++++++++++++++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.cc |  208 ++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.h  |  347 ++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat_test.cc        |  468 ++++++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join.h |  288 +++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join_test.cc       |  473 ++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.cc         |   79 ++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.h          |  213 ++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace_test.cc    |  341 ++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.cc           |  136 +++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.h            |  511 +++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split_test.cc      |  902 +++++++++++++++
 .../third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip.h    |   89 ++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip_test.cc          |  181 +++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.cc          |  117 ++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.h           |  664 +++++++++++
 .../abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute_test.cc     |  168 +++
 45 files changed, 14613 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/CMakeLists.txt
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/CMakeLists.txt
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_have_intrinsic.inc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_no_intrinsic.inc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_stream_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/escaping_test_common.inc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/numbers_test_common.inc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/stl_type_traits.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_join_internal.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_split_internal.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip_test.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.cc
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.h
 create mode 100644 Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute_test.cc

(limited to 'Firestore/third_party')

diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/CMakeLists.txt b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21bfc87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#
+# Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+list(APPEND MEMORY_PUBLIC_HEADERS
+  "memory.h"
+)
+
+
+absl_header_library(
+  TARGET
+    absl_memory
+  EXPORT_NAME
+    memory
+)
+
+#
+## TESTS
+#
+
+# test memory_test
+list(APPEND MEMORY_TEST_SRC
+  "memory_test.cc"
+  ${MEMORY_PUBLIC_HEADERS}
+)
+set(MEMORY_TEST_PUBLIC_LIBRARIES absl::base absl::memory)
+
+
+
+absl_test(
+  TARGET
+    memory_test
+  SOURCES
+    ${MEMORY_TEST_SRC}
+  PUBLIC_LIBRARIES
+    ${MEMORY_TEST_PUBLIC_LIBRARIES}
+)
+
+
+
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2220ee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory.h
@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: memory.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This header file contains utility functions for managing the creation and
+// conversion of smart pointers. This file is an extension to the C++
+// standard <memory> library header file.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_MEMORY_MEMORY_H_
+#define ABSL_MEMORY_MEMORY_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <new>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/meta/type_traits.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Function Template: WrapUnique()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+//  Adopts ownership from a raw pointer and transfers it to the returned
+//  `std::unique_ptr`, whose type is deduced.
+//
+// Example:
+//   X* NewX(int, int);
+//   auto x = WrapUnique(NewX(1, 2));  // 'x' is std::unique_ptr<X>.
+//
+// `absl::WrapUnique` is useful for capturing the output of a raw pointer
+// factory. However, prefer 'absl::make_unique<T>(args...) over
+// 'absl::WrapUnique(new T(args...))'.
+//
+//   auto x = WrapUnique(new X(1, 2));  // works, but nonideal.
+//   auto x = make_unique<X>(1, 2);     // safer, standard, avoids raw 'new'.
+//
+// Note that `absl::WrapUnique(p)` is valid only if `delete p` is a valid
+// expression. In particular, `absl::WrapUnique()` cannot wrap pointers to
+// arrays, functions or void, and it must not be used to capture pointers
+// obtained from array-new expressions (even though that would compile!).
+template <typename T>
+std::unique_ptr<T> WrapUnique(T* ptr) {
+  static_assert(!std::is_array<T>::value, "array types are unsupported");
+  static_assert(std::is_object<T>::value, "non-object types are unsupported");
+  return std::unique_ptr<T>(ptr);
+}
+
+namespace memory_internal {
+
+// Traits to select proper overload and return type for `absl::make_unique<>`.
+template <typename T>
+struct MakeUniqueResult {
+  using scalar = std::unique_ptr<T>;
+};
+template <typename T>
+struct MakeUniqueResult<T[]> {
+  using array = std::unique_ptr<T[]>;
+};
+template <typename T, size_t N>
+struct MakeUniqueResult<T[N]> {
+  using invalid = void;
+};
+
+}  // namespace memory_internal
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L || defined(_MSC_VER)
+using std::make_unique;
+#else
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Function Template: make_unique<T>()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Creates a `std::unique_ptr<>`, while avoiding issues creating temporaries
+// during the construction process. `absl::make_unique<>` also avoids redundant
+// type declarations, by avoiding the need to explicitly use the `new` operator.
+//
+// This implementation of `absl::make_unique<>` is designed for C++11 code and
+// will be replaced in C++14 by the equivalent `std::make_unique<>` abstraction.
+// `absl::make_unique<>` is designed to be 100% compatible with
+// `std::make_unique<>` so that the eventual migration will involve a simple
+// rename operation.
+//
+// For more background on why `std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(a,b))` is problematic,
+// see Herb Sutter's explanation on
+// (Exception-Safe Function Calls)[http://herbsutter.com/gotw/_102/].
+// (In general, reviewers should treat `new T(a,b)` with scrutiny.)
+//
+// Example usage:
+//
+//    auto p = make_unique<X>(args...);  // 'p'  is a std::unique_ptr<X>
+//    auto pa = make_unique<X[]>(5);     // 'pa' is a std::unique_ptr<X[]>
+//
+// Three overloads of `absl::make_unique` are required:
+//
+//   - For non-array T:
+//
+//       Allocates a T with `new T(std::forward<Args> args...)`,
+//       forwarding all `args` to T's constructor.
+//       Returns a `std::unique_ptr<T>` owning that object.
+//
+//   - For an array of unknown bounds T[]:
+//
+//       `absl::make_unique<>` will allocate an array T of type U[] with
+//       `new U[n]()` and return a `std::unique_ptr<U[]>` owning that array.
+//
+//       Note that 'U[n]()' is different from 'U[n]', and elements will be
+//       value-initialized. Note as well that `std::unique_ptr` will perform its
+//       own destruction of the array elements upon leaving scope, even though
+//       the array [] does not have a default destructor.
+//
+//       NOTE: an array of unknown bounds T[] may still be (and often will be)
+//       initialized to have a size, and will still use this overload. E.g:
+//
+//         auto my_array = absl::make_unique<int[]>(10);
+//
+//   - For an array of known bounds T[N]:
+//
+//       `absl::make_unique<>` is deleted (like with `std::make_unique<>`) as
+//       this overload is not useful.
+//
+//       NOTE: an array of known bounds T[N] is not considered a useful
+//       construction, and may cause undefined behavior in templates. E.g:
+//
+//         auto my_array = absl::make_unique<int[10]>();
+//
+//       In those cases, of course, you can still use the overload above and
+//       simply initialize it to its desired size:
+//
+//         auto my_array = absl::make_unique<int[]>(10);
+
+// `absl::make_unique` overload for non-array types.
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+typename memory_internal::MakeUniqueResult<T>::scalar make_unique(
+    Args&&... args) {
+  return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+}
+
+// `absl::make_unique` overload for an array T[] of unknown bounds.
+// The array allocation needs to use the `new T[size]` form and cannot take
+// element constructor arguments. The `std::unique_ptr` will manage destructing
+// these array elements.
+template <typename T>
+typename memory_internal::MakeUniqueResult<T>::array make_unique(size_t n) {
+  return std::unique_ptr<T>(new typename absl::remove_extent_t<T>[n]());
+}
+
+// `absl::make_unique` overload for an array T[N] of known bounds.
+// This construction will be rejected.
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+typename memory_internal::MakeUniqueResult<T>::invalid make_unique(
+    Args&&... /* args */) = delete;
+#endif
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Function Template: RawPtr()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Extracts the raw pointer from a pointer-like value `ptr`. `absl::RawPtr` is
+// useful within templates that need to handle a complement of raw pointers,
+// `std::nullptr_t`, and smart pointers.
+template <typename T>
+auto RawPtr(T&& ptr) -> decltype(&*ptr) {
+  // ptr is a forwarding reference to support Ts with non-const operators.
+  return (ptr != nullptr) ? &*ptr : nullptr;
+}
+inline std::nullptr_t RawPtr(std::nullptr_t) { return nullptr; }
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Function Template: ShareUniquePtr()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Adopts a `std::unique_ptr` rvalue and returns a `std::shared_ptr` of deduced
+// type. Ownership (if any) of the held value is transferred to the returned
+// shared pointer.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//     auto up = absl::make_unique<int>(10);
+//     auto sp = absl::ShareUniquePtr(std::move(up));  // shared_ptr<int>
+//     CHECK_EQ(*sp, 10);
+//     CHECK(up == nullptr);
+//
+// Note that this conversion is correct even when T is an array type, and more
+// generally it works for *any* deleter of the `unique_ptr` (single-object
+// deleter, array deleter, or any custom deleter), since the deleter is adopted
+// by the shared pointer as well. The deleter is copied (unless it is a
+// reference).
+//
+// Implements the resolution of [LWG 2415](http://wg21.link/lwg2415), by which a
+// null shared pointer does not attempt to call the deleter.
+template <typename T, typename D>
+std::shared_ptr<T> ShareUniquePtr(std::unique_ptr<T, D>&& ptr) {
+  return ptr ? std::shared_ptr<T>(std::move(ptr)) : std::shared_ptr<T>();
+}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Function Template: WeakenPtr()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Creates a weak pointer associated with a given shared pointer. The returned
+// value is a `std::weak_ptr` of deduced type.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//    auto sp = std::make_shared<int>(10);
+//    auto wp = absl::WeakenPtr(sp);
+//    CHECK_EQ(sp.get(), wp.lock().get());
+//    sp.reset();
+//    CHECK(wp.lock() == nullptr);
+//
+template <typename T>
+std::weak_ptr<T> WeakenPtr(const std::shared_ptr<T>& ptr) {
+  return std::weak_ptr<T>(ptr);
+}
+
+namespace memory_internal {
+
+// ExtractOr<E, O, D>::type evaluates to E<O> if possible. Otherwise, D.
+template <template <typename> class Extract, typename Obj, typename Default,
+          typename>
+struct ExtractOr {
+  using type = Default;
+};
+
+template <template <typename> class Extract, typename Obj, typename Default>
+struct ExtractOr<Extract, Obj, Default, void_t<Extract<Obj>>> {
+  using type = Extract<Obj>;
+};
+
+template <template <typename> class Extract, typename Obj, typename Default>
+using ExtractOrT = typename ExtractOr<Extract, Obj, Default, void>::type;
+
+// Extractors for the features of allocators.
+template <typename T>
+using GetPointer = typename T::pointer;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetConstPointer = typename T::const_pointer;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetVoidPointer = typename T::void_pointer;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetConstVoidPointer = typename T::const_void_pointer;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetDifferenceType = typename T::difference_type;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetSizeType = typename T::size_type;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetPropagateOnContainerCopyAssignment =
+    typename T::propagate_on_container_copy_assignment;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetPropagateOnContainerMoveAssignment =
+    typename T::propagate_on_container_move_assignment;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetPropagateOnContainerSwap = typename T::propagate_on_container_swap;
+
+template <typename T>
+using GetIsAlwaysEqual = typename T::is_always_equal;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct GetFirstArg;
+
+template <template <typename...> class Class, typename T, typename... Args>
+struct GetFirstArg<Class<T, Args...>> {
+  using type = T;
+};
+
+template <typename Ptr, typename = void>
+struct ElementType {
+  using type = typename GetFirstArg<Ptr>::type;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct ElementType<T, void_t<typename T::element_type>> {
+  using type = typename T::element_type;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct RebindFirstArg;
+
+template <template <typename...> class Class, typename T, typename... Args,
+          typename U>
+struct RebindFirstArg<Class<T, Args...>, U> {
+  using type = Class<U, Args...>;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, typename = void>
+struct RebindPtr {
+  using type = typename RebindFirstArg<T, U>::type;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct RebindPtr<T, U, void_t<typename T::template rebind<U>>> {
+  using type = typename T::template rebind<U>;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+constexpr bool HasRebindAlloc(...) {
+  return false;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+constexpr bool HasRebindAlloc(typename T::template rebind<U>::other*) {
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U, bool = HasRebindAlloc<T, U>(nullptr)>
+struct RebindAlloc {
+  using type = typename RebindFirstArg<T, U>::type;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct RebindAlloc<T, U, true> {
+  using type = typename T::template rebind<U>::other;
+};
+
+}  // namespace memory_internal
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Class Template: pointer_traits
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// An implementation of C++11's std::pointer_traits.
+//
+// Provided for portability on toolchains that have a working C++11 compiler,
+// but the standard library is lacking in C++11 support. For example, some
+// version of the Android NDK.
+//
+
+template <typename Ptr>
+struct pointer_traits {
+  using pointer = Ptr;
+
+  // element_type:
+  // Ptr::element_type if present. Otherwise T if Ptr is a template
+  // instantiation Template<T, Args...>
+  using element_type = typename memory_internal::ElementType<Ptr>::type;
+
+  // difference_type:
+  // Ptr::difference_type if present, otherwise std::ptrdiff_t
+  using difference_type =
+      memory_internal::ExtractOrT<memory_internal::GetDifferenceType, Ptr,
+                                  std::ptrdiff_t>;
+
+  // rebind:
+  // Ptr::rebind<U> if exists, otherwise Template<U, Args...> if Ptr is a
+  // template instantiation Template<T, Args...>
+  template <typename U>
+  using rebind = typename memory_internal::RebindPtr<Ptr, U>::type;
+
+  // pointer_to:
+  // Calls Ptr::pointer_to(r)
+  static pointer pointer_to(element_type& r) {  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+    return Ptr::pointer_to(r);
+  }
+};
+
+// Specialization for T*.
+template <typename T>
+struct pointer_traits<T*> {
+  using pointer = T*;
+  using element_type = T;
+  using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+
+  template <typename U>
+  using rebind = U*;
+
+  // pointer_to:
+  // Calls std::addressof(r)
+  static pointer pointer_to(
+      element_type& r) noexcept {  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+    return std::addressof(r);
+  }
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Class Template: allocator_traits
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// A C++11 compatible implementation of C++17's std::allocator_traits.
+//
+template <typename Alloc>
+struct allocator_traits {
+  using allocator_type = Alloc;
+
+  // value_type:
+  // Alloc::value_type
+  using value_type = typename Alloc::value_type;
+
+  // pointer:
+  // Alloc::pointer if present, otherwise value_type*
+  using pointer = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<memory_internal::GetPointer,
+                                              Alloc, value_type*>;
+
+  // const_pointer:
+  // Alloc::const_pointer if present, otherwise
+  // absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::rebind<const value_type>
+  using const_pointer =
+      memory_internal::ExtractOrT<memory_internal::GetConstPointer, Alloc,
+                                  typename absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::
+                                      template rebind<const value_type>>;
+
+  // void_pointer:
+  // Alloc::void_pointer if present, otherwise
+  // absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::rebind<void>
+  using void_pointer = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<
+      memory_internal::GetVoidPointer, Alloc,
+      typename absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::template rebind<void>>;
+
+  // const_void_pointer:
+  // Alloc::const_void_pointer if present, otherwise
+  // absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::rebind<const void>
+  using const_void_pointer = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<
+      memory_internal::GetConstVoidPointer, Alloc,
+      typename absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::template rebind<const void>>;
+
+  // difference_type:
+  // Alloc::difference_type if present, otherwise
+  // absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::difference_type
+  using difference_type = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<
+      memory_internal::GetDifferenceType, Alloc,
+      typename absl::pointer_traits<pointer>::difference_type>;
+
+  // size_type:
+  // Alloc::size_type if present, otherwise
+  // std::make_unsigned<difference_type>::type
+  using size_type = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<
+      memory_internal::GetSizeType, Alloc,
+      typename std::make_unsigned<difference_type>::type>;
+
+  // propagate_on_container_copy_assignment:
+  // Alloc::propagate_on_container_copy_assignment if present, otherwise
+  // std::false_type
+  using propagate_on_container_copy_assignment = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<
+      memory_internal::GetPropagateOnContainerCopyAssignment, Alloc,
+      std::false_type>;
+
+  // propagate_on_container_move_assignment:
+  // Alloc::propagate_on_container_move_assignment if present, otherwise
+  // std::false_type
+  using propagate_on_container_move_assignment = memory_internal::ExtractOrT<
+      memory_internal::GetPropagateOnContainerMoveAssignment, Alloc,
+      std::false_type>;
+
+  // propagate_on_container_swap:
+  // Alloc::propagate_on_container_swap if present, otherwise std::false_type
+  using propagate_on_container_swap =
+      memory_internal::ExtractOrT<memory_internal::GetPropagateOnContainerSwap,
+                                  Alloc, std::false_type>;
+
+  // is_always_equal:
+  // Alloc::is_always_equal if present, otherwise std::is_empty<Alloc>::type
+  using is_always_equal =
+      memory_internal::ExtractOrT<memory_internal::GetIsAlwaysEqual, Alloc,
+                                  typename std::is_empty<Alloc>::type>;
+
+  // rebind_alloc:
+  // Alloc::rebind<T>::other if present, otherwise Alloc<T, Args> if this Alloc
+  // is Alloc<U, Args>
+  template <typename T>
+  using rebind_alloc = typename memory_internal::RebindAlloc<Alloc, T>::type;
+
+  // rebind_traits:
+  // absl::allocator_traits<rebind_alloc<T>>
+  template <typename T>
+  using rebind_traits = absl::allocator_traits<rebind_alloc<T>>;
+
+  // allocate(Alloc& a, size_type n):
+  // Calls a.allocate(n)
+  static pointer allocate(Alloc& a,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                          size_type n) {
+    return a.allocate(n);
+  }
+
+  // allocate(Alloc& a, size_type n, const_void_pointer hint):
+  // Calls a.allocate(n, hint) if possible.
+  // If not possible, calls a.allocate(n)
+  static pointer allocate(Alloc& a, size_type n,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                          const_void_pointer hint) {
+    return allocate_impl(0, a, n, hint);
+  }
+
+  // deallocate(Alloc& a, pointer p, size_type n):
+  // Calls a.deallocate(p, n)
+  static void deallocate(Alloc& a, pointer p,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                         size_type n) {
+    a.deallocate(p, n);
+  }
+
+  // construct(Alloc& a, T* p, Args&&... args):
+  // Calls a.construct(p, std::forward<Args>(args)...) if possible.
+  // If not possible, calls
+  //   ::new (static_cast<void*>(p)) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...)
+  template <typename T, typename... Args>
+  static void construct(Alloc& a, T* p,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                        Args&&... args) {
+    construct_impl(0, a, p, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  // destroy(Alloc& a, T* p):
+  // Calls a.destroy(p) if possible. If not possible, calls p->~T().
+  template <typename T>
+  static void destroy(Alloc& a, T* p) {  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+    destroy_impl(0, a, p);
+  }
+
+  // max_size(const Alloc& a):
+  // Returns a.max_size() if possible. If not possible, returns
+  //   std::numeric_limits<size_type>::max() / sizeof(value_type)
+  static size_type max_size(const Alloc& a) { return max_size_impl(0, a); }
+
+  // select_on_container_copy_construction(const Alloc& a):
+  // Returns a.select_on_container_copy_construction() if possible.
+  // If not possible, returns a.
+  static Alloc select_on_container_copy_construction(const Alloc& a) {
+    return select_on_container_copy_construction_impl(0, a);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  template <typename A>
+  static auto allocate_impl(int, A& a,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                            size_type n, const_void_pointer hint)
+      -> decltype(a.allocate(n, hint)) {
+    return a.allocate(n, hint);
+  }
+  static pointer allocate_impl(char, Alloc& a,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                               size_type n, const_void_pointer) {
+    return a.allocate(n);
+  }
+
+  template <typename A, typename... Args>
+  static auto construct_impl(int, A& a,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                             Args&&... args)
+      -> decltype(a.construct(std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {
+    a.construct(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, typename... Args>
+  static void construct_impl(char, Alloc&, T* p, Args&&... args) {
+    ::new (static_cast<void*>(p)) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  template <typename A, typename T>
+  static auto destroy_impl(int, A& a,  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+                           T* p) -> decltype(a.destroy(p)) {
+    a.destroy(p);
+  }
+  template <typename T>
+  static void destroy_impl(char, Alloc&, T* p) {
+    p->~T();
+  }
+
+  template <typename A>
+  static auto max_size_impl(int, const A& a) -> decltype(a.max_size()) {
+    return a.max_size();
+  }
+  static size_type max_size_impl(char, const Alloc&) {
+    return std::numeric_limits<size_type>::max() / sizeof(value_type);
+  }
+
+  template <typename A>
+  static auto select_on_container_copy_construction_impl(int, const A& a)
+      -> decltype(a.select_on_container_copy_construction()) {
+    return a.select_on_container_copy_construction();
+  }
+  static Alloc select_on_container_copy_construction_impl(char,
+                                                          const Alloc& a) {
+    return a;
+  }
+};
+
+namespace memory_internal {
+
+// This template alias transforms Alloc::is_nothrow into a metafunction with
+// Alloc as a parameter so it can be used with ExtractOrT<>.
+template <typename Alloc>
+using GetIsNothrow = typename Alloc::is_nothrow;
+
+}  // namespace memory_internal
+
+// ABSL_ALLOCATOR_NOTHROW is a build time configuration macro for user to
+// specify whether the default allocation function can throw or never throws.
+// If the allocation function never throws, user should define it to a non-zero
+// value (e.g. via `-DABSL_ALLOCATOR_NOTHROW`).
+// If the allocation function can throw, user should leave it undefined or
+// define it to zero.
+//
+// allocator_is_nothrow<Alloc> is a traits class that derives from
+// Alloc::is_nothrow if present, otherwise std::false_type. It's specialized
+// for Alloc = std::allocator<T> for any type T according to the state of
+// ABSL_ALLOCATOR_NOTHROW.
+//
+// default_allocator_is_nothrow is a class that derives from std::true_type
+// when the default allocator (global operator new) never throws, and
+// std::false_type when it can throw. It is a convenience shorthand for writing
+// allocator_is_nothrow<std::allocator<T>> (T can be any type).
+// NOTE: allocator_is_nothrow<std::allocator<T>> is guaranteed to derive from
+// the same type for all T, because users should specialize neither
+// allocator_is_nothrow nor std::allocator.
+template <typename Alloc>
+struct allocator_is_nothrow
+    : memory_internal::ExtractOrT<memory_internal::GetIsNothrow, Alloc,
+                                  std::false_type> {};
+
+#if ABSL_ALLOCATOR_NOTHROW
+template <typename T>
+struct allocator_is_nothrow<std::allocator<T>> : std::true_type {};
+struct default_allocator_is_nothrow : std::true_type {};
+#else
+struct default_allocator_is_nothrow : std::false_type {};
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_MEMORY_MEMORY_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dee9b48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/memory/memory_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,614 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Tests for pointer utilities.
+
+#include "absl/memory/memory.h"
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+using ::testing::ElementsAre;
+using ::testing::Return;
+
+// This class creates observable behavior to verify that a destructor has
+// been called, via the instance_count variable.
+class DestructorVerifier {
+ public:
+  DestructorVerifier() { ++instance_count_;  }
+  DestructorVerifier(const DestructorVerifier&) = delete;
+  DestructorVerifier& operator=(const DestructorVerifier&) = delete;
+  ~DestructorVerifier() {  --instance_count_; }
+
+  // The number of instances of this class currently active.
+  static int instance_count() { return instance_count_; }
+
+ private:
+  // The number of instances of this class currently active.
+  static int instance_count_;
+};
+
+int DestructorVerifier::instance_count_ = 0;
+
+TEST(WrapUniqueTest, WrapUnique) {
+  // Test that the unique_ptr is constructed properly by verifying that the
+  // destructor for its payload gets called at the proper time.
+  {
+    auto dv = new DestructorVerifier;
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, DestructorVerifier::instance_count());
+    std::unique_ptr<DestructorVerifier> ptr = absl::WrapUnique(dv);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, DestructorVerifier::instance_count());
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, DestructorVerifier::instance_count());
+}
+TEST(MakeUniqueTest, Basic) {
+  std::unique_ptr<std::string> p = absl::make_unique<std::string>();
+  EXPECT_EQ("", *p);
+  p = absl::make_unique<std::string>("hi");
+  EXPECT_EQ("hi", *p);
+}
+
+struct MoveOnly {
+  MoveOnly() = default;
+  explicit MoveOnly(int i1) : ip1{new int{i1}} {}
+  MoveOnly(int i1, int i2) : ip1{new int{i1}}, ip2{new int{i2}} {}
+  std::unique_ptr<int> ip1;
+  std::unique_ptr<int> ip2;
+};
+
+struct AcceptMoveOnly {
+  explicit AcceptMoveOnly(MoveOnly m) : m_(std::move(m)) {}
+  MoveOnly m_;
+};
+
+TEST(MakeUniqueTest, MoveOnlyTypeAndValue) {
+  using ExpectedType = std::unique_ptr<MoveOnly>;
+  {
+    auto p = absl::make_unique<MoveOnly>();
+    static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(p), ExpectedType>::value,
+                  "unexpected return type");
+    EXPECT_TRUE(!p->ip1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(!p->ip2);
+  }
+  {
+    auto p = absl::make_unique<MoveOnly>(1);
+    static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(p), ExpectedType>::value,
+                  "unexpected return type");
+    EXPECT_TRUE(p->ip1 && *p->ip1 == 1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(!p->ip2);
+  }
+  {
+    auto p = absl::make_unique<MoveOnly>(1, 2);
+    static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(p), ExpectedType>::value,
+                  "unexpected return type");
+    EXPECT_TRUE(p->ip1 && *p->ip1 == 1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(p->ip2 && *p->ip2 == 2);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(MakeUniqueTest, AcceptMoveOnly) {
+  auto p = absl::make_unique<AcceptMoveOnly>(MoveOnly());
+  p = std::unique_ptr<AcceptMoveOnly>(new AcceptMoveOnly(MoveOnly()));
+}
+
+struct ArrayWatch {
+  void* operator new[](size_t n) {
+    allocs().push_back(n);
+    return ::operator new[](n);
+  }
+  void operator delete[](void* p) {
+    return ::operator delete[](p);
+  }
+  static std::vector<size_t>& allocs() {
+    static auto& v = *new std::vector<size_t>;
+    return v;
+  }
+};
+
+TEST(Make_UniqueTest, Array) {
+  // Ensure state is clean before we start so that these tests
+  // are order-agnostic.
+  ArrayWatch::allocs().clear();
+
+  auto p = absl::make_unique<ArrayWatch[]>(5);
+  static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(p),
+                             std::unique_ptr<ArrayWatch[]>>::value,
+                "unexpected return type");
+  EXPECT_THAT(ArrayWatch::allocs(), ElementsAre(5 * sizeof(ArrayWatch)));
+}
+
+TEST(Make_UniqueTest, NotAmbiguousWithStdMakeUnique) {
+  // Ensure that absl::make_unique is not ambiguous with std::make_unique.
+  // In C++14 mode, the below call to make_unique has both types as candidates.
+  struct TakesStdType {
+    explicit TakesStdType(const std::vector<int> &vec) {}
+  };
+  using absl::make_unique;
+  make_unique<TakesStdType>(std::vector<int>());
+}
+
+#if 0
+// TODO(billydonahue): Make a proper NC test.
+// These tests shouldn't compile.
+TEST(MakeUniqueTestNC, AcceptMoveOnlyLvalue) {
+  auto m = MoveOnly();
+  auto p = absl::make_unique<AcceptMoveOnly>(m);
+}
+TEST(MakeUniqueTestNC, KnownBoundArray) {
+  auto p = absl::make_unique<ArrayWatch[5]>();
+}
+#endif
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, RawPointer) {
+  int i = 5;
+  EXPECT_EQ(&i, absl::RawPtr(&i));
+}
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, SmartPointer) {
+  int* o = new int(5);
+  std::unique_ptr<int> p(o);
+  EXPECT_EQ(o, absl::RawPtr(p));
+}
+
+class IntPointerNonConstDeref {
+ public:
+  explicit IntPointerNonConstDeref(int* p) : p_(p) {}
+  friend bool operator!=(const IntPointerNonConstDeref& a, std::nullptr_t) {
+    return a.p_ != nullptr;
+  }
+  int& operator*() { return *p_; }
+
+ private:
+  std::unique_ptr<int> p_;
+};
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, SmartPointerNonConstDereference) {
+  int* o = new int(5);
+  IntPointerNonConstDeref p(o);
+  EXPECT_EQ(o, absl::RawPtr(p));
+}
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, NullValuedRawPointer) {
+  int* p = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, absl::RawPtr(p));
+}
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, NullValuedSmartPointer) {
+  std::unique_ptr<int> p;
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, absl::RawPtr(p));
+}
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, Nullptr) {
+  auto p = absl::RawPtr(nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<std::nullptr_t, decltype(p)>::value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, p);
+}
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, Null) {
+  auto p = absl::RawPtr(nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<std::nullptr_t, decltype(p)>::value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, p);
+}
+
+TEST(RawPtrTest, Zero) {
+  auto p = absl::RawPtr(nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<std::nullptr_t, decltype(p)>::value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, p);
+}
+
+TEST(ShareUniquePtrTest, Share) {
+  auto up = absl::make_unique<int>();
+  int* rp = up.get();
+  auto sp = absl::ShareUniquePtr(std::move(up));
+  EXPECT_EQ(sp.get(), rp);
+}
+
+TEST(ShareUniquePtrTest, ShareNull) {
+  struct NeverDie {
+    using pointer = void*;
+    void operator()(pointer) {
+      ASSERT_TRUE(false) << "Deleter should not have been called.";
+    }
+  };
+
+  std::unique_ptr<void, NeverDie> up;
+  auto sp = absl::ShareUniquePtr(std::move(up));
+}
+
+TEST(WeakenPtrTest, Weak) {
+  auto sp = std::make_shared<int>();
+  auto wp = absl::WeakenPtr(sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sp.get(), wp.lock().get());
+  sp.reset();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(wp.expired());
+}
+
+// Should not compile.
+/*
+TEST(RawPtrTest, NotAPointer) {
+  absl::RawPtr(1.5);
+}
+*/
+
+template <typename T>
+struct SmartPointer {
+  using difference_type = char;
+};
+
+struct PointerWith {
+  using element_type = int32_t;
+  using difference_type = int16_t;
+  template <typename U>
+  using rebind = SmartPointer<U>;
+
+  static PointerWith pointer_to(
+      element_type& r) {  // NOLINT(runtime/references)
+    return PointerWith{&r};
+  }
+
+  element_type* ptr;
+};
+
+template <typename... Args>
+struct PointerWithout {};
+
+TEST(PointerTraits, Types) {
+  using TraitsWith = absl::pointer_traits<PointerWith>;
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsWith::pointer, PointerWith>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsWith::element_type, int32_t>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsWith::difference_type, int16_t>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((
+      std::is_same<TraitsWith::rebind<int64_t>, SmartPointer<int64_t>>::value));
+
+  using TraitsWithout = absl::pointer_traits<PointerWithout<double, int>>;
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsWithout::pointer,
+                            PointerWithout<double, int>>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsWithout::element_type, double>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<TraitsWithout ::difference_type, std::ptrdiff_t>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsWithout::rebind<int64_t>,
+                            PointerWithout<int64_t, int>>::value));
+
+  using TraitsRawPtr = absl::pointer_traits<char*>;
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsRawPtr::pointer, char*>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsRawPtr::element_type, char>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<TraitsRawPtr::difference_type, std::ptrdiff_t>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<TraitsRawPtr::rebind<int64_t>, int64_t*>::value));
+}
+
+TEST(PointerTraits, Functions) {
+  int i;
+  EXPECT_EQ(&i, absl::pointer_traits<PointerWith>::pointer_to(i).ptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&i, absl::pointer_traits<int*>::pointer_to(i));
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorTraits, Typedefs) {
+  struct A {
+    struct value_type {};
+  };
+  EXPECT_TRUE((
+      std::is_same<A,
+                   typename absl::allocator_traits<A>::allocator_type>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<A::value_type,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<A>::value_type>::value));
+
+  struct X {};
+  struct HasPointer {
+    using value_type = X;
+    using pointer = SmartPointer<X>;
+  };
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<SmartPointer<X>, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                                 HasPointer>::pointer>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<A::value_type*,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<A>::pointer>::value));
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<
+          SmartPointer<const X>,
+          typename absl::allocator_traits<HasPointer>::const_pointer>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<const A::value_type*,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<A>::const_pointer>::value));
+
+  struct HasVoidPointer {
+    using value_type = X;
+    struct void_pointer {};
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<HasVoidPointer::void_pointer,
+                            typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                HasVoidPointer>::void_pointer>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<SmartPointer<void>, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                            HasPointer>::void_pointer>::value));
+
+  struct HasConstVoidPointer {
+    using value_type = X;
+    struct const_void_pointer {};
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<HasConstVoidPointer::const_void_pointer,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                        HasConstVoidPointer>::const_void_pointer>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<SmartPointer<const void>,
+                            typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                HasPointer>::const_void_pointer>::value));
+
+  struct HasDifferenceType {
+    using value_type = X;
+    using difference_type = int;
+  };
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<int, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                             HasDifferenceType>::difference_type>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<char, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                      HasPointer>::difference_type>::value));
+
+  struct HasSizeType {
+    using value_type = X;
+    using size_type = unsigned int;
+  };
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<unsigned int, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                              HasSizeType>::size_type>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<unsigned char, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                               HasPointer>::size_type>::value));
+
+  struct HasPropagateOnCopy {
+    using value_type = X;
+    struct propagate_on_container_copy_assignment {};
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<HasPropagateOnCopy::propagate_on_container_copy_assignment,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<HasPropagateOnCopy>::
+                        propagate_on_container_copy_assignment>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<std::false_type,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                        A>::propagate_on_container_copy_assignment>::value));
+
+  struct HasPropagateOnMove {
+    using value_type = X;
+    struct propagate_on_container_move_assignment {};
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<HasPropagateOnMove::propagate_on_container_move_assignment,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<HasPropagateOnMove>::
+                        propagate_on_container_move_assignment>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<std::false_type,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                        A>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment>::value));
+
+  struct HasPropagateOnSwap {
+    using value_type = X;
+    struct propagate_on_container_swap {};
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<HasPropagateOnSwap::propagate_on_container_swap,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<HasPropagateOnSwap>::
+                        propagate_on_container_swap>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<std::false_type, typename absl::allocator_traits<A>::
+                                         propagate_on_container_swap>::value));
+
+  struct HasIsAlwaysEqual {
+    using value_type = X;
+    struct is_always_equal {};
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<HasIsAlwaysEqual::is_always_equal,
+                            typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                HasIsAlwaysEqual>::is_always_equal>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<std::true_type, typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                                                A>::is_always_equal>::value));
+  struct NonEmpty {
+    using value_type = X;
+    int i;
+  };
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<std::false_type,
+                    absl::allocator_traits<NonEmpty>::is_always_equal>::value));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+struct AllocWithPrivateInheritance : private std::allocator<T> {
+  using value_type = T;
+};
+
+TEST(AllocatorTraits, RebindWithPrivateInheritance) {
+  // Regression test for some versions of gcc that do not like the sfinae we
+  // used in combination with private inheritance.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<AllocWithPrivateInheritance<int>,
+                    absl::allocator_traits<AllocWithPrivateInheritance<char>>::
+                        rebind_alloc<int>>::value));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+struct Rebound {};
+
+struct AllocWithRebind {
+  using value_type = int;
+  template <typename T>
+  struct rebind {
+    using other = Rebound<T>;
+  };
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct AllocWithoutRebind {
+  using value_type = int;
+};
+
+TEST(AllocatorTraits, Rebind) {
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<Rebound<int>,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                        AllocWithRebind>::template rebind_alloc<int>>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<absl::allocator_traits<Rebound<int>>,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<
+                        AllocWithRebind>::template rebind_traits<int>>::value));
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<AllocWithoutRebind<double, char>,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<AllocWithoutRebind<
+                        int, char>>::template rebind_alloc<double>>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_same<absl::allocator_traits<AllocWithoutRebind<double, char>>,
+                    typename absl::allocator_traits<AllocWithoutRebind<
+                        int, char>>::template rebind_traits<double>>::value));
+}
+
+struct TestValue {
+  TestValue() {}
+  explicit TestValue(int* trace) : trace(trace) { ++*trace; }
+  ~TestValue() {
+    if (trace) --*trace;
+  }
+  int* trace = nullptr;
+};
+
+struct MinimalMockAllocator {
+  MinimalMockAllocator() : value(0) {}
+  explicit MinimalMockAllocator(int value) : value(value) {}
+  MinimalMockAllocator(const MinimalMockAllocator& other)
+      : value(other.value) {}
+  using value_type = TestValue;
+  MOCK_METHOD1(allocate, value_type*(size_t));
+  MOCK_METHOD2(deallocate, void(value_type*, size_t));
+
+  int value;
+};
+
+TEST(AllocatorTraits, FunctionsMinimal) {
+  int trace = 0;
+  int hint;
+  TestValue x(&trace);
+  MinimalMockAllocator mock;
+  using Traits = absl::allocator_traits<MinimalMockAllocator>;
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, allocate(7)).WillRepeatedly(Return(&x));
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, deallocate(&x, 7));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(&x, Traits::allocate(mock, 7));
+  Traits::allocate(mock, 7, static_cast<const void*>(&hint));
+  EXPECT_EQ(&x, Traits::allocate(mock, 7, static_cast<const void*>(&hint)));
+  Traits::deallocate(mock, &x, 7);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, trace);
+  Traits::construct(mock, &x, &trace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, trace);
+  Traits::destroy(mock, &x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, trace);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() / sizeof(TestValue),
+            Traits::max_size(mock));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, mock.value);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, Traits::select_on_container_copy_construction(mock).value);
+}
+
+struct FullMockAllocator {
+  FullMockAllocator() : value(0) {}
+  explicit FullMockAllocator(int value) : value(value) {}
+  FullMockAllocator(const FullMockAllocator& other) : value(other.value) {}
+  using value_type = TestValue;
+  MOCK_METHOD1(allocate, value_type*(size_t));
+  MOCK_METHOD2(allocate, value_type*(size_t, const void*));
+  MOCK_METHOD2(construct, void(value_type*, int*));
+  MOCK_METHOD1(destroy, void(value_type*));
+  MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(max_size, size_t());
+  MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(select_on_container_copy_construction,
+                     FullMockAllocator());
+
+  int value;
+};
+
+TEST(AllocatorTraits, FunctionsFull) {
+  int trace = 0;
+  int hint;
+  TestValue x(&trace), y;
+  FullMockAllocator mock;
+  using Traits = absl::allocator_traits<FullMockAllocator>;
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, allocate(7)).WillRepeatedly(Return(&x));
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, allocate(13, &hint)).WillRepeatedly(Return(&y));
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, construct(&x, &trace));
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, destroy(&x));
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, max_size()).WillRepeatedly(Return(17));
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock, select_on_container_copy_construction())
+      .WillRepeatedly(Return(FullMockAllocator(23)));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(&x, Traits::allocate(mock, 7));
+  EXPECT_EQ(&y, Traits::allocate(mock, 13, static_cast<const void*>(&hint)));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, trace);
+  Traits::construct(mock, &x, &trace);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, trace);
+  Traits::destroy(mock, &x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, trace);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(17, Traits::max_size(mock));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, mock.value);
+  EXPECT_EQ(23, Traits::select_on_container_copy_construction(mock).value);
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorNoThrowTest, DefaultAllocator) {
+#if ABSL_ALLOCATOR_NOTHROW
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::default_allocator_is_nothrow::value);
+#else
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::default_allocator_is_nothrow::value);
+#endif
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorNoThrowTest, StdAllocator) {
+#if ABSL_ALLOCATOR_NOTHROW
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::allocator_is_nothrow<std::allocator<int>>::value);
+#else
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::allocator_is_nothrow<std::allocator<int>>::value);
+#endif
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorNoThrowTest, CustomAllocator) {
+  struct NoThrowAllocator {
+    using is_nothrow = std::true_type;
+  };
+  struct CanThrowAllocator {
+    using is_nothrow = std::false_type;
+  };
+  struct UnspecifiedAllocator {
+  };
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::allocator_is_nothrow<NoThrowAllocator>::value);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::allocator_is_nothrow<CanThrowAllocator>::value);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::allocator_is_nothrow<UnspecifiedAllocator>::value);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/CMakeLists.txt b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3360b2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#
+# Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+list(APPEND NUMERIC_PUBLIC_HEADERS
+  "int128.h"
+)
+
+
+# library 128
+list(APPEND INT128_SRC
+  "int128.cc"
+  ${NUMERIC_PUBLIC_HEADERS}
+)
+absl_library(
+  TARGET
+    absl_int128
+  SOURCES
+    ${INT128_SRC}
+  PUBLIC_LIBRARIES
+    ${INT128_PUBLIC_LIBRARIES}
+  EXPORT_NAME
+    int128
+)
+
+
+absl_header_library(
+  TARGET
+    absl_numeric
+  PUBLIC_LIBRARIES
+    absl::int128
+  EXPORT_NAME
+    numeric
+)
+
+# test int128_test
+set(INT128_TEST_SRC "int128_test.cc")
+set(INT128_TEST_PUBLIC_LIBRARIES absl::numeric absl::base)
+
+absl_test(
+  TARGET
+    int128_test
+  SOURCES
+    ${INT128_TEST_SRC}
+  PUBLIC_LIBRARIES
+    ${INT128_TEST_PUBLIC_LIBRARIES}
+)
+
+
+
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00bf7f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/numeric/int128.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>  // NOLINT(readability/streams)
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace absl {
+
+const uint128 kuint128max = MakeUint128(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(),
+                                        std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+
+namespace {
+
+// Returns the 0-based position of the last set bit (i.e., most significant bit)
+// in the given uint64_t. The argument may not be 0.
+//
+// For example:
+//   Given: 5 (decimal) == 101 (binary)
+//   Returns: 2
+#define STEP(T, n, pos, sh)                   \
+  do {                                        \
+    if ((n) >= (static_cast<T>(1) << (sh))) { \
+      (n) = (n) >> (sh);                      \
+      (pos) |= (sh);                          \
+    }                                         \
+  } while (0)
+static inline int Fls64(uint64_t n) {
+  assert(n != 0);
+  int pos = 0;
+  STEP(uint64_t, n, pos, 0x20);
+  uint32_t n32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(n);
+  STEP(uint32_t, n32, pos, 0x10);
+  STEP(uint32_t, n32, pos, 0x08);
+  STEP(uint32_t, n32, pos, 0x04);
+  return pos + ((uint64_t{0x3333333322221100} >> (n32 << 2)) & 0x3);
+}
+#undef STEP
+
+// Like Fls64() above, but returns the 0-based position of the last set bit
+// (i.e., most significant bit) in the given uint128. The argument may not be 0.
+static inline int Fls128(uint128 n) {
+  if (uint64_t hi = Uint128High64(n)) {
+    return Fls64(hi) + 64;
+  }
+  return Fls64(Uint128Low64(n));
+}
+
+// Long division/modulo for uint128 implemented using the shift-subtract
+// division algorithm adapted from:
+// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5386377/division-without-using
+void DivModImpl(uint128 dividend, uint128 divisor, uint128* quotient_ret,
+                uint128* remainder_ret) {
+  assert(divisor != 0);
+
+  if (divisor > dividend) {
+    *quotient_ret = 0;
+    *remainder_ret = dividend;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (divisor == dividend) {
+    *quotient_ret = 1;
+    *remainder_ret = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  uint128 denominator = divisor;
+  uint128 quotient = 0;
+
+  // Left aligns the MSB of the denominator and the dividend.
+  const int shift = Fls128(dividend) - Fls128(denominator);
+  denominator <<= shift;
+
+  // Uses shift-subtract algorithm to divide dividend by denominator. The
+  // remainder will be left in dividend.
+  for (int i = 0; i <= shift; ++i) {
+    quotient <<= 1;
+    if (dividend >= denominator) {
+      dividend -= denominator;
+      quotient |= 1;
+    }
+    denominator >>= 1;
+  }
+
+  *quotient_ret = quotient;
+  *remainder_ret = dividend;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+uint128 Initialize128FromFloat(T v) {
+  // Rounding behavior is towards zero, same as for built-in types.
+
+  // Undefined behavior if v is NaN or cannot fit into uint128.
+  assert(!std::isnan(v) && v > -1 && v < std::ldexp(static_cast<T>(1), 128));
+
+  if (v >= std::ldexp(static_cast<T>(1), 64)) {
+    uint64_t hi = static_cast<uint64_t>(std::ldexp(v, -64));
+    uint64_t lo = static_cast<uint64_t>(v - std::ldexp(static_cast<T>(hi), 64));
+    return MakeUint128(hi, lo);
+  }
+
+  return MakeUint128(0, static_cast<uint64_t>(v));
+}
+}  // namespace
+
+uint128::uint128(float v) : uint128(Initialize128FromFloat(v)) {}
+uint128::uint128(double v) : uint128(Initialize128FromFloat(v)) {}
+uint128::uint128(long double v) : uint128(Initialize128FromFloat(v)) {}
+
+uint128& uint128::operator/=(uint128 other) {
+  uint128 quotient = 0;
+  uint128 remainder = 0;
+  DivModImpl(*this, other, &quotient, &remainder);
+  *this = quotient;
+  return *this;
+}
+uint128& uint128::operator%=(uint128 other) {
+  uint128 quotient = 0;
+  uint128 remainder = 0;
+  DivModImpl(*this, other, &quotient, &remainder);
+  *this = remainder;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, uint128 b) {
+  std::ios_base::fmtflags flags = o.flags();
+
+  // Select a divisor which is the largest power of the base < 2^64.
+  uint128 div;
+  int div_base_log;
+  switch (flags & std::ios::basefield) {
+    case std::ios::hex:
+      div = 0x1000000000000000;  // 16^15
+      div_base_log = 15;
+      break;
+    case std::ios::oct:
+      div = 01000000000000000000000;  // 8^21
+      div_base_log = 21;
+      break;
+    default:  // std::ios::dec
+      div = 10000000000000000000u;  // 10^19
+      div_base_log = 19;
+      break;
+  }
+
+  // Now piece together the uint128 representation from three chunks of
+  // the original value, each less than "div" and therefore representable
+  // as a uint64_t.
+  std::ostringstream os;
+  std::ios_base::fmtflags copy_mask =
+      std::ios::basefield | std::ios::showbase | std::ios::uppercase;
+  os.setf(flags & copy_mask, copy_mask);
+  uint128 high = b;
+  uint128 low;
+  DivModImpl(high, div, &high, &low);
+  uint128 mid;
+  DivModImpl(high, div, &high, &mid);
+  if (Uint128Low64(high) != 0) {
+    os << Uint128Low64(high);
+    os << std::noshowbase << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(div_base_log);
+    os << Uint128Low64(mid);
+    os << std::setw(div_base_log);
+  } else if (Uint128Low64(mid) != 0) {
+    os << Uint128Low64(mid);
+    os << std::noshowbase << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(div_base_log);
+  }
+  os << Uint128Low64(low);
+  std::string rep = os.str();
+
+  // Add the requisite padding.
+  std::streamsize width = o.width(0);
+  if (static_cast<size_t>(width) > rep.size()) {
+    std::ios::fmtflags adjustfield = flags & std::ios::adjustfield;
+    if (adjustfield == std::ios::left) {
+      rep.append(width - rep.size(), o.fill());
+    } else if (adjustfield == std::ios::internal &&
+               (flags & std::ios::showbase) &&
+               (flags & std::ios::basefield) == std::ios::hex && b != 0) {
+      rep.insert(2, width - rep.size(), o.fill());
+    } else {
+      rep.insert(0, width - rep.size(), o.fill());
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Stream the final representation in a single "<<" call.
+  return o << rep;
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d87cbbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128.h
@@ -0,0 +1,632 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: int128.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This header file defines 128-bit integer types. Currently, this file defines
+// `uint128`, an unsigned 128-bit integer; a signed 128-bit integer is
+// forthcoming.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_NUMERIC_INT128_H_
+#define ABSL_NUMERIC_INT128_H_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iosfwd>
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "absl/base/config.h"
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// uint128
+//
+// An unsigned 128-bit integer type. The API is meant to mimic an intrinsic type
+// as closely as is practical, including exhibiting undefined behavior in
+// analogous cases (e.g. division by zero). This type is intended to be a
+// drop-in replacement once C++ supports an intrinsic `uint128_t` type; when
+// that occurs, existing uses of `uint128` will continue to work using that new
+// type.
+//
+// Note: code written with this type will continue to compile once `uint128_t`
+// is introduced, provided the replacement helper functions
+// `Uint128(Low|High)64()` and `MakeUint128()` are made.
+//
+// A `uint128` supports the following:
+//
+//   * Implicit construction from integral types
+//   * Explicit conversion to integral types
+//
+// Additionally, if your compiler supports `__int128`, `uint128` is
+// interoperable with that type. (Abseil checks for this compatibility through
+// the `ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128` macro.)
+//
+// However, a `uint128` differs from intrinsic integral types in the following
+// ways:
+//
+//   * Errors on implicit conversions that does not preserve value (such as
+//     loss of precision when converting to float values).
+//   * Requires explicit construction from and conversion to floating point
+//     types.
+//   * Conversion to integral types requires an explicit static_cast() to
+//     mimic use of the `-Wnarrowing` compiler flag.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//     float y = absl::kuint128max;  // Error. uint128 cannot be implicitly
+//                                   // converted to float.
+//
+//     absl::uint128 v;
+//     absl::uint64_t i = v;                         // Error
+//     absl::uint64_t i = static_cast<uint64_t>(v);  // OK
+//
+class alignas(16) uint128 {
+ public:
+  uint128() = default;
+
+  // Constructors from arithmetic types
+  constexpr uint128(int v);                 // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+  constexpr uint128(unsigned int v);        // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+  constexpr uint128(long v);                // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  constexpr uint128(unsigned long v);       // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  constexpr uint128(long long v);           // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  constexpr uint128(unsigned long long v);  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+  constexpr uint128(__int128 v);           // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+  constexpr uint128(unsigned __int128 v);  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+  explicit uint128(float v);
+  explicit uint128(double v);
+  explicit uint128(long double v);
+
+  // Assignment operators from arithmetic types
+  uint128& operator=(int v);
+  uint128& operator=(unsigned int v);
+  uint128& operator=(long v);                // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  uint128& operator=(unsigned long v);       // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  uint128& operator=(long long v);           // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  uint128& operator=(unsigned long long v);  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+  uint128& operator=(__int128 v);
+  uint128& operator=(unsigned __int128 v);
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+  // Conversion operators to other arithmetic types
+  constexpr explicit operator bool() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator char() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator signed char() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned char() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator char16_t() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator char32_t() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator wchar_t() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator short() const;  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned short() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator int() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned int() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator long() const;  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned long() const;
+  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+  constexpr explicit operator long long() const;
+  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned long long() const;
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+  constexpr explicit operator __int128() const;
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned __int128() const;
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+  explicit operator float() const;
+  explicit operator double() const;
+  explicit operator long double() const;
+
+  // Trivial copy constructor, assignment operator and destructor.
+
+  // Arithmetic operators.
+  uint128& operator+=(uint128 other);
+  uint128& operator-=(uint128 other);
+  uint128& operator*=(uint128 other);
+  // Long division/modulo for uint128.
+  uint128& operator/=(uint128 other);
+  uint128& operator%=(uint128 other);
+  uint128 operator++(int);
+  uint128 operator--(int);
+  uint128& operator<<=(int);
+  uint128& operator>>=(int);
+  uint128& operator&=(uint128 other);
+  uint128& operator|=(uint128 other);
+  uint128& operator^=(uint128 other);
+  uint128& operator++();
+  uint128& operator--();
+
+  // Uint128Low64()
+  //
+  // Returns the lower 64-bit value of a `uint128` value.
+  friend constexpr uint64_t Uint128Low64(uint128 v);
+
+  // Uint128High64()
+  //
+  // Returns the higher 64-bit value of a `uint128` value.
+  friend constexpr uint64_t Uint128High64(uint128 v);
+
+  // MakeUInt128()
+  //
+  // Constructs a `uint128` numeric value from two 64-bit unsigned integers.
+  // Note that this factory function is the only way to construct a `uint128`
+  // from integer values greater than 2^64.
+  //
+  // Example:
+  //
+  //   absl::uint128 big = absl::MakeUint128(1, 0);
+  friend constexpr uint128 MakeUint128(uint64_t top, uint64_t bottom);
+
+ private:
+  constexpr uint128(uint64_t top, uint64_t bottom);
+
+  // TODO(strel) Update implementation to use __int128 once all users of
+  // uint128 are fixed to not depend on alignof(uint128) == 8. Also add
+  // alignas(16) to class definition to keep alignment consistent across
+  // platforms.
+#if defined(ABSL_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+  uint64_t lo_;
+  uint64_t hi_;
+#elif defined(ABSL_IS_BIG_ENDIAN)
+  uint64_t hi_;
+  uint64_t lo_;
+#else  // byte order
+#error "Unsupported byte order: must be little-endian or big-endian."
+#endif  // byte order
+};
+
+extern const uint128 kuint128max;
+
+// allow uint128 to be logged
+extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, uint128 b);
+
+// TODO(strel) add operator>>(std::istream&, uint128)
+
+// TODO(absl-team): Implement signed 128-bit type
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                      Implementation details follow
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+constexpr uint128 MakeUint128(uint64_t top, uint64_t bottom) {
+  return uint128(top, bottom);
+}
+
+// Assignment from integer types.
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(int v) { return *this = uint128(v); }
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(unsigned int v) {
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(long v) {  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(unsigned long v) {
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(long long v) {
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(unsigned long long v) {
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(__int128 v) {
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator=(unsigned __int128 v) {
+  return *this = uint128(v);
+}
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+// Shift and arithmetic operators.
+
+inline uint128 operator<<(uint128 lhs, int amount) {
+  return uint128(lhs) <<= amount;
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator>>(uint128 lhs, int amount) {
+  return uint128(lhs) >>= amount;
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator+(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return uint128(lhs) += rhs;
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator-(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return uint128(lhs) -= rhs;
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator*(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return uint128(lhs) *= rhs;
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator/(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return uint128(lhs) /= rhs;
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator%(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return uint128(lhs) %= rhs;
+}
+
+constexpr uint64_t Uint128Low64(uint128 v) { return v.lo_; }
+
+constexpr uint64_t Uint128High64(uint128 v) { return v.hi_; }
+
+// Constructors from integer types.
+
+#if defined(ABSL_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+
+constexpr uint128::uint128(uint64_t top, uint64_t bottom)
+    : lo_(bottom), hi_(top) {}
+
+constexpr uint128::uint128(int v)
+    : lo_(v), hi_(v < 0 ? std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max() : 0) {}
+constexpr uint128::uint128(long v)  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+    : lo_(v), hi_(v < 0 ? std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max() : 0) {}
+constexpr uint128::uint128(long long v)  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+    : lo_(v), hi_(v < 0 ? std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max() : 0) {}
+
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned int v) : lo_(v), hi_(0) {}
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned long v) : lo_(v), hi_(0) {}
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned long long v) : lo_(v), hi_(0) {}
+
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+constexpr uint128::uint128(__int128 v)
+    : lo_(static_cast<uint64_t>(v & ~uint64_t{0})),
+      hi_(static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<unsigned __int128>(v) >> 64)) {}
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned __int128 v)
+    : lo_(static_cast<uint64_t>(v & ~uint64_t{0})),
+      hi_(static_cast<uint64_t>(v >> 64)) {}
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+#elif defined(ABSL_IS_BIG_ENDIAN)
+
+constexpr uint128::uint128(uint64_t top, uint64_t bottom)
+    : hi_(top), lo_(bottom) {}
+
+constexpr uint128::uint128(int v)
+    : hi_(v < 0 ? std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max() : 0), lo_(v) {}
+constexpr uint128::uint128(long v)  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+    : hi_(v < 0 ? std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max() : 0), lo_(v) {}
+constexpr uint128::uint128(long long v)  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+    : hi_(v < 0 ? std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max() : 0), lo_(v) {}
+
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned int v) : hi_(0), lo_(v) {}
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned long v) : hi_(0), lo_(v) {}
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned long long v) : hi_(0), lo_(v) {}
+
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+constexpr uint128::uint128(__int128 v)
+    : hi_(static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<unsigned __int128>(v) >> 64)),
+      lo_(static_cast<uint64_t>(v & ~uint64_t{0})) {}
+constexpr uint128::uint128(unsigned __int128 v)
+    : hi_(static_cast<uint64_t>(v >> 64)),
+      lo_(static_cast<uint64_t>(v & ~uint64_t{0})) {}
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+#else  // byte order
+#error "Unsupported byte order: must be little-endian or big-endian."
+#endif  // byte order
+
+// Conversion operators to integer types.
+
+constexpr uint128::operator bool() const { return lo_ || hi_; }
+
+constexpr uint128::operator char() const { return static_cast<char>(lo_); }
+
+constexpr uint128::operator signed char() const {
+  return static_cast<signed char>(lo_);
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator unsigned char() const {
+  return static_cast<unsigned char>(lo_);
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator char16_t() const {
+  return static_cast<char16_t>(lo_);
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator char32_t() const {
+  return static_cast<char32_t>(lo_);
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator wchar_t() const {
+  return static_cast<wchar_t>(lo_);
+}
+
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+constexpr uint128::operator short() const { return static_cast<short>(lo_); }
+
+constexpr uint128::operator unsigned short() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  return static_cast<unsigned short>(lo_);            // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator int() const { return static_cast<int>(lo_); }
+
+constexpr uint128::operator unsigned int() const {
+  return static_cast<unsigned int>(lo_);
+}
+
+// NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/int)
+constexpr uint128::operator long() const { return static_cast<long>(lo_); }
+
+constexpr uint128::operator unsigned long() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  return static_cast<unsigned long>(lo_);            // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator long long() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  return static_cast<long long>(lo_);            // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator unsigned long long() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  return static_cast<unsigned long long>(lo_);            // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+}
+
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+constexpr uint128::operator __int128() const {
+  return (static_cast<__int128>(hi_) << 64) + lo_;
+}
+
+constexpr uint128::operator unsigned __int128() const {
+  return (static_cast<unsigned __int128>(hi_) << 64) + lo_;
+}
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+// Conversion operators to floating point types.
+
+inline uint128::operator float() const {
+  return static_cast<float>(lo_) + std::ldexp(static_cast<float>(hi_), 64);
+}
+
+inline uint128::operator double() const {
+  return static_cast<double>(lo_) + std::ldexp(static_cast<double>(hi_), 64);
+}
+
+inline uint128::operator long double() const {
+  return static_cast<long double>(lo_) +
+         std::ldexp(static_cast<long double>(hi_), 64);
+}
+
+// Comparison operators.
+
+inline bool operator==(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return (Uint128Low64(lhs) == Uint128Low64(rhs) &&
+          Uint128High64(lhs) == Uint128High64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline bool operator!=(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+inline bool operator<(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return (Uint128High64(lhs) == Uint128High64(rhs))
+             ? (Uint128Low64(lhs) < Uint128Low64(rhs))
+             : (Uint128High64(lhs) < Uint128High64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline bool operator>(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return (Uint128High64(lhs) == Uint128High64(rhs))
+             ? (Uint128Low64(lhs) > Uint128Low64(rhs))
+             : (Uint128High64(lhs) > Uint128High64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline bool operator<=(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return (Uint128High64(lhs) == Uint128High64(rhs))
+             ? (Uint128Low64(lhs) <= Uint128Low64(rhs))
+             : (Uint128High64(lhs) <= Uint128High64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline bool operator>=(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return (Uint128High64(lhs) == Uint128High64(rhs))
+             ? (Uint128Low64(lhs) >= Uint128Low64(rhs))
+             : (Uint128High64(lhs) >= Uint128High64(rhs));
+}
+
+// Unary operators.
+
+inline uint128 operator-(uint128 val) {
+  const uint64_t hi_flip = ~Uint128High64(val);
+  const uint64_t lo_flip = ~Uint128Low64(val);
+  const uint64_t lo_add = lo_flip + 1;
+  if (lo_add < lo_flip) {
+    return MakeUint128(hi_flip + 1, lo_add);
+  }
+  return MakeUint128(hi_flip, lo_add);
+}
+
+inline bool operator!(uint128 val) {
+  return !Uint128High64(val) && !Uint128Low64(val);
+}
+
+// Logical operators.
+
+inline uint128 operator~(uint128 val) {
+  return MakeUint128(~Uint128High64(val), ~Uint128Low64(val));
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator|(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return MakeUint128(Uint128High64(lhs) | Uint128High64(rhs),
+                           Uint128Low64(lhs) | Uint128Low64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator&(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return MakeUint128(Uint128High64(lhs) & Uint128High64(rhs),
+                           Uint128Low64(lhs) & Uint128Low64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline uint128 operator^(uint128 lhs, uint128 rhs) {
+  return MakeUint128(Uint128High64(lhs) ^ Uint128High64(rhs),
+                           Uint128Low64(lhs) ^ Uint128Low64(rhs));
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator|=(uint128 other) {
+  hi_ |= other.hi_;
+  lo_ |= other.lo_;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator&=(uint128 other) {
+  hi_ &= other.hi_;
+  lo_ &= other.lo_;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator^=(uint128 other) {
+  hi_ ^= other.hi_;
+  lo_ ^= other.lo_;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+// Shift and arithmetic assign operators.
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator<<=(int amount) {
+  // Shifts of >= 128 are undefined.
+  assert(amount < 128);
+
+  // uint64_t shifts of >= 64 are undefined, so we will need some
+  // special-casing.
+  if (amount < 64) {
+    if (amount != 0) {
+      hi_ = (hi_ << amount) | (lo_ >> (64 - amount));
+      lo_ = lo_ << amount;
+    }
+  } else {
+    hi_ = lo_ << (amount - 64);
+    lo_ = 0;
+  }
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator>>=(int amount) {
+  // Shifts of >= 128 are undefined.
+  assert(amount < 128);
+
+  // uint64_t shifts of >= 64 are undefined, so we will need some
+  // special-casing.
+  if (amount < 64) {
+    if (amount != 0) {
+      lo_ = (lo_ >> amount) | (hi_ << (64 - amount));
+      hi_ = hi_ >> amount;
+    }
+  } else {
+    lo_ = hi_ >> (amount - 64);
+    hi_ = 0;
+  }
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator+=(uint128 other) {
+  hi_ += other.hi_;
+  uint64_t lolo = lo_ + other.lo_;
+  if (lolo < lo_)
+    ++hi_;
+  lo_ = lolo;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator-=(uint128 other) {
+  hi_ -= other.hi_;
+  if (other.lo_ > lo_) --hi_;
+  lo_ -= other.lo_;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator*=(uint128 other) {
+#if defined(ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128)
+  // TODO(strel) Remove once alignment issues are resolved and unsigned __int128
+  // can be used for uint128 storage.
+  *this = static_cast<unsigned __int128>(*this) *
+          static_cast<unsigned __int128>(other);
+  return *this;
+#else   // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC128
+  uint64_t a96 = hi_ >> 32;
+  uint64_t a64 = hi_ & 0xffffffff;
+  uint64_t a32 = lo_ >> 32;
+  uint64_t a00 = lo_ & 0xffffffff;
+  uint64_t b96 = other.hi_ >> 32;
+  uint64_t b64 = other.hi_ & 0xffffffff;
+  uint64_t b32 = other.lo_ >> 32;
+  uint64_t b00 = other.lo_ & 0xffffffff;
+  // multiply [a96 .. a00] x [b96 .. b00]
+  // terms higher than c96 disappear off the high side
+  // terms c96 and c64 are safe to ignore carry bit
+  uint64_t c96 = a96 * b00 + a64 * b32 + a32 * b64 + a00 * b96;
+  uint64_t c64 = a64 * b00 + a32 * b32 + a00 * b64;
+  this->hi_ = (c96 << 32) + c64;
+  this->lo_ = 0;
+  // add terms after this one at a time to capture carry
+  *this += uint128(a32 * b00) << 32;
+  *this += uint128(a00 * b32) << 32;
+  *this += a00 * b00;
+  return *this;
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC128
+}
+
+// Increment/decrement operators.
+
+inline uint128 uint128::operator++(int) {
+  uint128 tmp(*this);
+  *this += 1;
+  return tmp;
+}
+
+inline uint128 uint128::operator--(int) {
+  uint128 tmp(*this);
+  *this -= 1;
+  return tmp;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator++() {
+  *this += 1;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+inline uint128& uint128::operator--() {
+  *this -= 1;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+#if defined(ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128)
+#include "absl/numeric/int128_have_intrinsic.inc"
+#else  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+#include "absl/numeric/int128_no_intrinsic.inc"
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_NUMERIC_INT128_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_have_intrinsic.inc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_have_intrinsic.inc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49bde07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_have_intrinsic.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// This file will contain :int128 implementation details that depend on internal
+// representation when ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128 is defined. This file will be
+// included by int128.h.
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_no_intrinsic.inc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_no_intrinsic.inc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2dbff2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_no_intrinsic.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// This file will contain :int128 implementation details that depend on internal
+// representation when ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128 is *not* defined. This file
+// will be included by int128.h.
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_stream_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_stream_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09efaad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_stream_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,666 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/numeric/int128.h"
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+struct Uint128TestCase {
+  absl::uint128 value;
+  std::ios_base::fmtflags flags;
+  std::streamsize width;
+  const char* expected;
+};
+
+constexpr char kFill = '_';
+
+std::string StreamFormatToString(std::ios_base::fmtflags flags,
+                                 std::streamsize width) {
+  std::vector<const char*> flagstr;
+  switch (flags & std::ios::basefield) {
+    case std::ios::dec:
+      flagstr.push_back("std::ios::dec");
+      break;
+    case std::ios::oct:
+      flagstr.push_back("std::ios::oct");
+      break;
+    case std::ios::hex:
+      flagstr.push_back("std::ios::hex");
+      break;
+    default:  // basefield not specified
+      break;
+  }
+  switch (flags & std::ios::adjustfield) {
+    case std::ios::left:
+      flagstr.push_back("std::ios::left");
+      break;
+    case std::ios::internal:
+      flagstr.push_back("std::ios::internal");
+      break;
+    case std::ios::right:
+      flagstr.push_back("std::ios::right");
+      break;
+    default:  // adjustfield not specified
+      break;
+  }
+  if (flags & std::ios::uppercase) flagstr.push_back("std::ios::uppercase");
+  if (flags & std::ios::showbase) flagstr.push_back("std::ios::showbase");
+  if (flags & std::ios::showpos) flagstr.push_back("std::ios::showpos");
+
+  std::ostringstream msg;
+  msg << "\n  StreamFormatToString(test_case.flags, test_case.width)\n    "
+         "flags: ";
+  if (!flagstr.empty()) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < flagstr.size() - 1; ++i) msg << flagstr[i] << " | ";
+    msg << flagstr.back();
+  } else {
+    msg << "(default)";
+  }
+  msg << "\n    width: " << width << "\n    fill: '" << kFill << "'";
+  return msg.str();
+}
+
+void CheckUint128Case(const Uint128TestCase& test_case) {
+  std::ostringstream os;
+  os.flags(test_case.flags);
+  os.width(test_case.width);
+  os.fill(kFill);
+  os << test_case.value;
+  SCOPED_TRACE(StreamFormatToString(test_case.flags, test_case.width));
+  EXPECT_EQ(test_case.expected, os.str());
+}
+
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kDec = std::ios::dec;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kOct = std::ios::oct;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kHex = std::ios::hex;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kLeft = std::ios::left;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kInt = std::ios::internal;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kRight = std::ios::right;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kUpper = std::ios::uppercase;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kBase = std::ios::showbase;
+constexpr std::ios::fmtflags kPos = std::ios::showpos;
+
+TEST(Uint128, OStreamValueTest) {
+  CheckUint128Case({1, kDec, /*width = */ 0, "1"});
+  CheckUint128Case({1, kOct, /*width = */ 0, "1"});
+  CheckUint128Case({1, kHex, /*width = */ 0, "1"});
+  CheckUint128Case({9, kDec, /*width = */ 0, "9"});
+  CheckUint128Case({9, kOct, /*width = */ 0, "11"});
+  CheckUint128Case({9, kHex, /*width = */ 0, "9"});
+  CheckUint128Case({12345, kDec, /*width = */ 0, "12345"});
+  CheckUint128Case({12345, kOct, /*width = */ 0, "30071"});
+  CheckUint128Case({12345, kHex, /*width = */ 0, "3039"});
+  CheckUint128Case(
+      {0x8000000000000000, kDec, /*width = */ 0, "9223372036854775808"});
+  CheckUint128Case(
+      {0x8000000000000000, kOct, /*width = */ 0, "1000000000000000000000"});
+  CheckUint128Case(
+      {0x8000000000000000, kHex, /*width = */ 0, "8000000000000000"});
+  CheckUint128Case({std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), kDec,
+                    /*width = */ 0, "18446744073709551615"});
+  CheckUint128Case({std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), kOct,
+                    /*width = */ 0, "1777777777777777777777"});
+  CheckUint128Case({std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), kHex,
+                    /*width = */ 0, "ffffffffffffffff"});
+  CheckUint128Case(
+      {absl::MakeUint128(1, 0), kDec, /*width = */ 0, "18446744073709551616"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::MakeUint128(1, 0), kOct, /*width = */ 0,
+                    "2000000000000000000000"});
+  CheckUint128Case(
+      {absl::MakeUint128(1, 0), kHex, /*width = */ 0, "10000000000000000"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::MakeUint128(0x8000000000000000, 0), kDec,
+                    /*width = */ 0, "170141183460469231731687303715884105728"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::MakeUint128(0x8000000000000000, 0), kOct,
+                    /*width = */ 0,
+                    "2000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::MakeUint128(0x8000000000000000, 0), kHex,
+                    /*width = */ 0, "80000000000000000000000000000000"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::kuint128max, kDec, /*width = */ 0,
+                    "340282366920938463463374607431768211455"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::kuint128max, kOct, /*width = */ 0,
+                    "3777777777777777777777777777777777777777777"});
+  CheckUint128Case({absl::kuint128max, kHex, /*width = */ 0,
+                    "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"});
+}
+
+std::vector<Uint128TestCase> GetUint128FormatCases();
+
+TEST(Uint128, OStreamFormatTest) {
+  for (const Uint128TestCase& test_case : GetUint128FormatCases()) {
+    CheckUint128Case(test_case);
+  }
+}
+
+std::vector<Uint128TestCase> GetUint128FormatCases() {
+  return {
+      {0, std::ios_base::fmtflags(), /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, std::ios_base::fmtflags(), /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kInt, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0_____"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0"},
+      {0, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "_____0"},
+      {37, std::ios_base::fmtflags(), /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, std::ios_base::fmtflags(), /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kInt, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "37____"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "37"},
+      {37, kDec | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____37"},
+      {37, kOct, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "45____"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "45____"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "045___"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "045___"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "45____"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "45____"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "045___"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "045___"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____45"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "045"},
+      {37, kOct | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "___045"},
+      {37, kHex, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "__0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "__0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "__0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "__0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft, /*width = */ 6, "25____"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "25____"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0x25__"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0x25__"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "25____"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "25____"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0X25__"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kLeft | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0X25__"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0x__25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0x__25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "0X__25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kInt | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "0X__25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "__0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "__0x25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "____25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase, /*width = */ 6, "__0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 0, "0X25"},
+      {37, kHex | kRight | kUpper | kBase | kPos, /*width = */ 6, "__0X25"}};
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d674cb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/numeric/int128_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/numeric/int128.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <limits>
+#include <random>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/base/internal/cycleclock.h"
+#include "absl/meta/type_traits.h"
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER == 1900
+// Disable "unary minus operator applied to unsigned type" warnings in Microsoft
+// Visual C++ 14 (2015).
+#pragma warning(disable:4146)
+#endif
+
+namespace {
+
+template <typename T>
+class Uint128IntegerTraitsTest : public ::testing::Test {};
+typedef ::testing::Types<bool, char, signed char, unsigned char, char16_t,
+                         char32_t, wchar_t,
+                         short,           // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+                         unsigned short,  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+                         int, unsigned int,
+                         long,                // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+                         unsigned long,       // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+                         long long,           // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+                         unsigned long long>  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+    IntegerTypes;
+
+template <typename T>
+class Uint128FloatTraitsTest : public ::testing::Test {};
+typedef ::testing::Types<float, double, long double> FloatingPointTypes;
+
+TYPED_TEST_CASE(Uint128IntegerTraitsTest, IntegerTypes);
+
+TYPED_TEST(Uint128IntegerTraitsTest, ConstructAssignTest) {
+  static_assert(std::is_constructible<absl::uint128, TypeParam>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be constructible from TypeParam");
+  static_assert(std::is_assignable<absl::uint128&, TypeParam>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be assignable from TypeParam");
+  static_assert(!std::is_assignable<TypeParam&, absl::uint128>::value,
+                "TypeParam must not be assignable from absl::uint128");
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_CASE(Uint128FloatTraitsTest, FloatingPointTypes);
+
+TYPED_TEST(Uint128FloatTraitsTest, ConstructAssignTest) {
+  static_assert(std::is_constructible<absl::uint128, TypeParam>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be constructible from TypeParam");
+  static_assert(!std::is_assignable<absl::uint128&, TypeParam>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must not be assignable from TypeParam");
+  static_assert(!std::is_assignable<TypeParam&, absl::uint128>::value,
+                "TypeParam must not be assignable from absl::uint128");
+}
+
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+// These type traits done separately as TYPED_TEST requires typeinfo, and not
+// all platforms have this for __int128 even though they define the type.
+TEST(Uint128, IntrinsicTypeTraitsTest) {
+  static_assert(std::is_constructible<absl::uint128, __int128>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be constructible from __int128");
+  static_assert(std::is_assignable<absl::uint128&, __int128>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be assignable from __int128");
+  static_assert(!std::is_assignable<__int128&, absl::uint128>::value,
+                "__int128 must not be assignable from absl::uint128");
+
+  static_assert(std::is_constructible<absl::uint128, unsigned __int128>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be constructible from unsigned __int128");
+  static_assert(std::is_assignable<absl::uint128&, unsigned __int128>::value,
+                "absl::uint128 must be assignable from unsigned __int128");
+  static_assert(!std::is_assignable<unsigned __int128&, absl::uint128>::value,
+                "unsigned __int128 must not be assignable from absl::uint128");
+}
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+TEST(Uint128, TrivialTraitsTest) {
+  static_assert(absl::is_trivially_default_constructible<absl::uint128>::value,
+                "");
+  static_assert(absl::is_trivially_copy_constructible<absl::uint128>::value,
+                "");
+  static_assert(absl::is_trivially_copy_assignable<absl::uint128>::value, "");
+  static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<absl::uint128>::value, "");
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, AllTests) {
+  absl::uint128 zero = 0;
+  absl::uint128 one = 1;
+  absl::uint128 one_2arg = absl::MakeUint128(0, 1);
+  absl::uint128 two = 2;
+  absl::uint128 three = 3;
+  absl::uint128 big = absl::MakeUint128(2000, 2);
+  absl::uint128 big_minus_one = absl::MakeUint128(2000, 1);
+  absl::uint128 bigger = absl::MakeUint128(2001, 1);
+  absl::uint128 biggest = absl::kuint128max;
+  absl::uint128 high_low = absl::MakeUint128(1, 0);
+  absl::uint128 low_high =
+      absl::MakeUint128(0, std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+  EXPECT_LT(one, two);
+  EXPECT_GT(two, one);
+  EXPECT_LT(one, big);
+  EXPECT_LT(one, big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, one_2arg);
+  EXPECT_NE(one, two);
+  EXPECT_GT(big, one);
+  EXPECT_GE(big, two);
+  EXPECT_GE(big, big_minus_one);
+  EXPECT_GT(big, big_minus_one);
+  EXPECT_LT(big_minus_one, big);
+  EXPECT_LE(big_minus_one, big);
+  EXPECT_NE(big_minus_one, big);
+  EXPECT_LT(big, biggest);
+  EXPECT_LE(big, biggest);
+  EXPECT_GT(biggest, big);
+  EXPECT_GE(biggest, big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, ~~big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, one | one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, big | big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, one | zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, one & one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, big & big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, one & zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, big & ~big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, one ^ one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, big ^ big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, one ^ zero);
+
+  // Shift operators.
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, big << 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, big >> 0);
+  EXPECT_GT(big << 1, big);
+  EXPECT_LT(big >> 1, big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, (big << 10) >> 10);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, (big >> 1) << 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, (one << 80) >> 80);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, (one >> 80) << 80);
+
+  // Shift assignments.
+  absl::uint128 big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big << 0, big_copy <<= 0);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big >> 0, big_copy >>= 0);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big << 1, big_copy <<= 1);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big >> 1, big_copy >>= 1);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big << 10, big_copy <<= 10);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big >> 10, big_copy >>= 10);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big << 64, big_copy <<= 64);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big >> 64, big_copy >>= 64);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big << 73, big_copy <<= 73);
+  big_copy = big;
+  EXPECT_EQ(big >> 73, big_copy >>= 73);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::Uint128High64(biggest), std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::Uint128Low64(biggest), std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero + one, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one + one, two);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big_minus_one + one, big);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one - one, zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(one - zero, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero - one, biggest);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big - big, zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big - one, big_minus_one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(big + std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), bigger);
+  EXPECT_EQ(biggest + 1, zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero - 1, biggest);
+  EXPECT_EQ(high_low - one, low_high);
+  EXPECT_EQ(low_high + one, high_low);
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::Uint128High64((absl::uint128(1) << 64) - 1), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::Uint128Low64((absl::uint128(1) << 64) - 1),
+            std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!!one);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!!high_low);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(!!zero);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(!one);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(!high_low);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(!zero);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(zero == 0);       // NOLINT(readability/check)
+  EXPECT_FALSE(zero != 0);      // NOLINT(readability/check)
+  EXPECT_FALSE(one == 0);       // NOLINT(readability/check)
+  EXPECT_TRUE(one != 0);        // NOLINT(readability/check)
+  EXPECT_FALSE(high_low == 0);  // NOLINT(readability/check)
+  EXPECT_TRUE(high_low != 0);   // NOLINT(readability/check)
+
+  absl::uint128 test = zero;
+  EXPECT_EQ(++test, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test++, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, two);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test -= 2, zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test += 2, two);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, two);
+  EXPECT_EQ(--test, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test--, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, zero);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test |= three, three);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test &= one, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test ^= three, two);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test >>= 1, one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test <<= 1, two);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(big, -(-big));
+  EXPECT_EQ(two, -((-one) - 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::kuint128max, -one);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, -zero);
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, ConversionTests) {
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::MakeUint128(1, 0));
+
+#ifdef ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+  unsigned __int128 intrinsic =
+      (static_cast<unsigned __int128>(0x3a5b76c209de76f6) << 64) +
+      0x1f25e1d63a2b46c5;
+  absl::uint128 custom =
+      absl::MakeUint128(0x3a5b76c209de76f6, 0x1f25e1d63a2b46c5);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(custom, absl::uint128(intrinsic));
+  EXPECT_EQ(custom, absl::uint128(static_cast<__int128>(intrinsic)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(intrinsic, static_cast<unsigned __int128>(custom));
+  EXPECT_EQ(intrinsic, static_cast<__int128>(custom));
+#endif  // ABSL_HAVE_INTRINSIC_INT128
+
+  // verify that an integer greater than 2**64 that can be stored precisely
+  // inside a double is converted to a absl::uint128 without loss of
+  // information.
+  double precise_double = 0x530e * std::pow(2.0, 64.0) + 0xda74000000000000;
+  absl::uint128 from_precise_double(precise_double);
+  absl::uint128 from_precise_ints =
+      absl::MakeUint128(0x530e, 0xda74000000000000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(from_precise_double, from_precise_ints);
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(static_cast<double>(from_precise_ints), precise_double);
+
+  double approx_double = 0xffffeeeeddddcccc * std::pow(2.0, 64.0) +
+                         0xbbbbaaaa99998888;
+  absl::uint128 from_approx_double(approx_double);
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(static_cast<double>(from_approx_double), approx_double);
+
+  double round_to_zero = 0.7;
+  double round_to_five = 5.8;
+  double round_to_nine = 9.3;
+  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<absl::uint128>(round_to_zero), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<absl::uint128>(round_to_five), 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<absl::uint128>(round_to_nine), 9);
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, OperatorAssignReturnRef) {
+  absl::uint128 v(1);
+  (v += 4) -= 3;
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, v);
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, Multiply) {
+  absl::uint128 a, b, c;
+
+  // Zero test.
+  a = 0;
+  b = 0;
+  c = a * b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, c);
+
+  // Max carries.
+  a = absl::uint128(0) - 1;
+  b = absl::uint128(0) - 1;
+  c = a * b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, c);
+
+  // Self-operation with max carries.
+  c = absl::uint128(0) - 1;
+  c *= c;
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, c);
+
+  // 1-bit x 1-bit.
+  for (int i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
+    for (int j = 0; j < 64; ++j) {
+      a = absl::uint128(1) << i;
+      b = absl::uint128(1) << j;
+      c = a * b;
+      EXPECT_EQ(absl::uint128(1) << (i + j), c);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Verified with dc.
+  a = absl::MakeUint128(0xffffeeeeddddcccc, 0xbbbbaaaa99998888);
+  b = absl::MakeUint128(0x7777666655554444, 0x3333222211110000);
+  c = a * b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::MakeUint128(0x530EDA741C71D4C3, 0xBF25975319080000), c);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, c - b * a);
+  EXPECT_EQ(a*a - b*b, (a+b) * (a-b));
+
+  // Verified with dc.
+  a = absl::MakeUint128(0x0123456789abcdef, 0xfedcba9876543210);
+  b = absl::MakeUint128(0x02468ace13579bdf, 0xfdb97531eca86420);
+  c = a * b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::MakeUint128(0x97a87f4f261ba3f2, 0x342d0bbf48948200), c);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, c - b * a);
+  EXPECT_EQ(a*a - b*b, (a+b) * (a-b));
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, AliasTests) {
+  absl::uint128 x1 = absl::MakeUint128(1, 2);
+  absl::uint128 x2 = absl::MakeUint128(2, 4);
+  x1 += x1;
+  EXPECT_EQ(x2, x1);
+
+  absl::uint128 x3 = absl::MakeUint128(1, static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << 63);
+  absl::uint128 x4 = absl::MakeUint128(3, 0);
+  x3 += x3;
+  EXPECT_EQ(x4, x3);
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, DivideAndMod) {
+  using std::swap;
+
+  // a := q * b + r
+  absl::uint128 a, b, q, r;
+
+  // Zero test.
+  a = 0;
+  b = 123;
+  q = a / b;
+  r = a % b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, q);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, r);
+
+  a = absl::MakeUint128(0x530eda741c71d4c3, 0xbf25975319080000);
+  q = absl::MakeUint128(0x4de2cab081, 0x14c34ab4676e4bab);
+  b = absl::uint128(0x1110001);
+  r = absl::uint128(0x3eb455);
+  ASSERT_EQ(a, q * b + r);  // Sanity-check.
+
+  absl::uint128 result_q, result_r;
+  result_q = a / b;
+  result_r = a % b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(q, result_q);
+  EXPECT_EQ(r, result_r);
+
+  // Try the other way around.
+  swap(q, b);
+  result_q = a / b;
+  result_r = a % b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(q, result_q);
+  EXPECT_EQ(r, result_r);
+  // Restore.
+  swap(b, q);
+
+  // Dividend < divisor; result should be q:0 r:<dividend>.
+  swap(a, b);
+  result_q = a / b;
+  result_r = a % b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, result_q);
+  EXPECT_EQ(a, result_r);
+  // Try the other way around.
+  swap(a, q);
+  result_q = a / b;
+  result_r = a % b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, result_q);
+  EXPECT_EQ(a, result_r);
+  // Restore.
+  swap(q, a);
+  swap(b, a);
+
+  // Try a large remainder.
+  b = a / 2 + 1;
+  absl::uint128 expected_r =
+      absl::MakeUint128(0x29876d3a0e38ea61, 0xdf92cba98c83ffff);
+  // Sanity checks.
+  ASSERT_EQ(a / 2 - 1, expected_r);
+  ASSERT_EQ(a, b + expected_r);
+  result_q = a / b;
+  result_r = a % b;
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, result_q);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected_r, result_r);
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, DivideAndModRandomInputs) {
+  const int kNumIters = 1 << 18;
+  std::minstd_rand random(testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->random_seed());
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<uint64_t> uniform_uint64;
+  for (int i = 0; i < kNumIters; ++i) {
+    const absl::uint128 a =
+        absl::MakeUint128(uniform_uint64(random), uniform_uint64(random));
+    const absl::uint128 b =
+        absl::MakeUint128(uniform_uint64(random), uniform_uint64(random));
+    if (b == 0) {
+      continue;  // Avoid a div-by-zero.
+    }
+    const absl::uint128 q = a / b;
+    const absl::uint128 r = a % b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b * q + r);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Uint128, ConstexprTest) {
+  constexpr absl::uint128 zero = absl::uint128();
+  constexpr absl::uint128 one = 1;
+  constexpr absl::uint128 minus_two = -2;
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero, absl::uint128(0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(one, absl::uint128(1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(minus_two, absl::MakeUint128(-1, -2));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbc9f75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,1109 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/escaping.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/internal/endian.h"
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/base/internal/unaligned_access.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/char_map.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/resize_uninitialized.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/utf8.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace {
+
+// Digit conversion.
+constexpr char kHexChar[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+
+constexpr char kHexTable[513] =
+    "000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f"
+    "101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f"
+    "202122232425262728292a2b2c2d2e2f"
+    "303132333435363738393a3b3c3d3e3f"
+    "404142434445464748494a4b4c4d4e4f"
+    "505152535455565758595a5b5c5d5e5f"
+    "606162636465666768696a6b6c6d6e6f"
+    "707172737475767778797a7b7c7d7e7f"
+    "808182838485868788898a8b8c8d8e8f"
+    "909192939495969798999a9b9c9d9e9f"
+    "a0a1a2a3a4a5a6a7a8a9aaabacadaeaf"
+    "b0b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9babbbcbdbebf"
+    "c0c1c2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9cacbcccdcecf"
+    "d0d1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dadbdcdddedf"
+    "e0e1e2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9eaebecedeeef"
+    "f0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9fafbfcfdfeff";
+
+// These are used for the leave_nulls_escaped argument to CUnescapeInternal().
+constexpr bool kUnescapeNulls = false;
+
+inline bool is_octal_digit(char c) { return ('0' <= c) && (c <= '7'); }
+
+inline int hex_digit_to_int(char c) {
+  static_assert('0' == 0x30 && 'A' == 0x41 && 'a' == 0x61,
+                "Character set must be ASCII.");
+  assert(absl::ascii_isxdigit(c));
+  int x = static_cast<unsigned char>(c);
+  if (x > '9') {
+    x += 9;
+  }
+  return x & 0xf;
+}
+
+inline bool IsSurrogate(char32_t c, absl::string_view src, std::string* error) {
+  if (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF) {
+    if (error) {
+      *error = absl::StrCat("invalid surrogate character (0xD800-DFFF): \\",
+                            src);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CUnescapeInternal()
+//    Implements both CUnescape() and CUnescapeForNullTerminatedString().
+//
+//    Unescapes C escape sequences and is the reverse of CEscape().
+//
+//    If 'source' is valid, stores the unescaped std::string and its size in
+//    'dest' and 'dest_len' respectively, and returns true. Otherwise
+//    returns false and optionally stores the error description in
+//    'error'. Set 'error' to nullptr to disable error reporting.
+//
+//    'dest' should point to a buffer that is at least as big as 'source'.
+//    'source' and 'dest' may be the same.
+//
+//     NOTE: any changes to this function must also be reflected in the older
+//     UnescapeCEscapeSequences().
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool CUnescapeInternal(absl::string_view source, bool leave_nulls_escaped,
+                       char* dest, ptrdiff_t* dest_len, std::string* error) {
+  char* d = dest;
+  const char* p = source.data();
+  const char* end = source.end();
+  const char* last_byte = end - 1;
+
+  // Small optimization for case where source = dest and there's no escaping
+  while (p == d && p < end && *p != '\\') p++, d++;
+
+  while (p < end) {
+    if (*p != '\\') {
+      *d++ = *p++;
+    } else {
+      if (++p > last_byte) {  // skip past the '\\'
+        if (error) *error = "String cannot end with \\";
+        return false;
+      }
+      switch (*p) {
+        case 'a':  *d++ = '\a';  break;
+        case 'b':  *d++ = '\b';  break;
+        case 'f':  *d++ = '\f';  break;
+        case 'n':  *d++ = '\n';  break;
+        case 'r':  *d++ = '\r';  break;
+        case 't':  *d++ = '\t';  break;
+        case 'v':  *d++ = '\v';  break;
+        case '\\': *d++ = '\\';  break;
+        case '?':  *d++ = '\?';  break;    // \?  Who knew?
+        case '\'': *d++ = '\'';  break;
+        case '"':  *d++ = '\"';  break;
+        case '0':
+        case '1':
+        case '2':
+        case '3':
+        case '4':
+        case '5':
+        case '6':
+        case '7': {
+          // octal digit: 1 to 3 digits
+          const char* octal_start = p;
+          unsigned int ch = *p - '0';
+          if (p < last_byte && is_octal_digit(p[1])) ch = ch * 8 + *++p - '0';
+          if (p < last_byte && is_octal_digit(p[1]))
+            ch = ch * 8 + *++p - '0';      // now points at last digit
+          if (ch > 0xff) {
+            if (error) {
+              *error = "Value of \\" +
+                       std::string(octal_start, p + 1 - octal_start) +
+                       " exceeds 0xff";
+            }
+            return false;
+          }
+          if ((ch == 0) && leave_nulls_escaped) {
+            // Copy the escape sequence for the null character
+            const ptrdiff_t octal_size = p + 1 - octal_start;
+            *d++ = '\\';
+            memcpy(d, octal_start, octal_size);
+            d += octal_size;
+            break;
+          }
+          *d++ = ch;
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'x':
+        case 'X': {
+          if (p >= last_byte) {
+            if (error) *error = "String cannot end with \\x";
+            return false;
+          } else if (!absl::ascii_isxdigit(p[1])) {
+            if (error) *error = "\\x cannot be followed by a non-hex digit";
+            return false;
+          }
+          unsigned int ch = 0;
+          const char* hex_start = p;
+          while (p < last_byte && absl::ascii_isxdigit(p[1]))
+            // Arbitrarily many hex digits
+            ch = (ch << 4) + hex_digit_to_int(*++p);
+          if (ch > 0xFF) {
+            if (error) {
+              *error = "Value of \\" + std::string(hex_start, p + 1 - hex_start) +
+                       " exceeds 0xff";
+            }
+            return false;
+          }
+          if ((ch == 0) && leave_nulls_escaped) {
+            // Copy the escape sequence for the null character
+            const ptrdiff_t hex_size = p + 1 - hex_start;
+            *d++ = '\\';
+            memcpy(d, hex_start, hex_size);
+            d += hex_size;
+            break;
+          }
+          *d++ = ch;
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'u': {
+          // \uhhhh => convert 4 hex digits to UTF-8
+          char32_t rune = 0;
+          const char* hex_start = p;
+          if (p + 4 >= end) {
+            if (error) {
+              *error = "\\u must be followed by 4 hex digits: \\" +
+                       std::string(hex_start, p + 1 - hex_start);
+            }
+            return false;
+          }
+          for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+            // Look one char ahead.
+            if (absl::ascii_isxdigit(p[1])) {
+              rune = (rune << 4) + hex_digit_to_int(*++p);  // Advance p.
+            } else {
+              if (error) {
+                *error = "\\u must be followed by 4 hex digits: \\" +
+                         std::string(hex_start, p + 1 - hex_start);
+              }
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+          if ((rune == 0) && leave_nulls_escaped) {
+            // Copy the escape sequence for the null character
+            *d++ = '\\';
+            memcpy(d, hex_start, 5);  // u0000
+            d += 5;
+            break;
+          }
+          if (IsSurrogate(rune, absl::string_view(hex_start, 5), error)) {
+            return false;
+          }
+          d += strings_internal::EncodeUTF8Char(d, rune);
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'U': {
+          // \Uhhhhhhhh => convert 8 hex digits to UTF-8
+          char32_t rune = 0;
+          const char* hex_start = p;
+          if (p + 8 >= end) {
+            if (error) {
+              *error = "\\U must be followed by 8 hex digits: \\" +
+                       std::string(hex_start, p + 1 - hex_start);
+            }
+            return false;
+          }
+          for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+            // Look one char ahead.
+            if (absl::ascii_isxdigit(p[1])) {
+              // Don't change rune until we're sure this
+              // is within the Unicode limit, but do advance p.
+              uint32_t newrune = (rune << 4) + hex_digit_to_int(*++p);
+              if (newrune > 0x10FFFF) {
+                if (error) {
+                  *error = "Value of \\" +
+                           std::string(hex_start, p + 1 - hex_start) +
+                           " exceeds Unicode limit (0x10FFFF)";
+                }
+                return false;
+              } else {
+                rune = newrune;
+              }
+            } else {
+              if (error) {
+                *error = "\\U must be followed by 8 hex digits: \\" +
+                         std::string(hex_start, p + 1 - hex_start);
+              }
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+          if ((rune == 0) && leave_nulls_escaped) {
+            // Copy the escape sequence for the null character
+            *d++ = '\\';
+            memcpy(d, hex_start, 9);  // U00000000
+            d += 9;
+            break;
+          }
+          if (IsSurrogate(rune, absl::string_view(hex_start, 9), error)) {
+            return false;
+          }
+          d += strings_internal::EncodeUTF8Char(d, rune);
+          break;
+        }
+        default: {
+          if (error) *error = std::string("Unknown escape sequence: \\") + *p;
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+      p++;                                 // read past letter we escaped
+    }
+  }
+  *dest_len = d - dest;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CUnescapeInternal()
+//
+//    Same as above but uses a C++ std::string for output. 'source' and 'dest'
+//    may be the same.
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool CUnescapeInternal(absl::string_view source, bool leave_nulls_escaped,
+                       std::string* dest, std::string* error) {
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(dest, source.size());
+
+  ptrdiff_t dest_size;
+  if (!CUnescapeInternal(source,
+                         leave_nulls_escaped,
+                         const_cast<char*>(dest->data()),
+                         &dest_size,
+                         error)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  dest->erase(dest_size);
+  return true;
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CEscape()
+// CHexEscape()
+// Utf8SafeCEscape()
+// Utf8SafeCHexEscape()
+//    Escapes 'src' using C-style escape sequences.  This is useful for
+//    preparing query flags.  The 'Hex' version uses hexadecimal rather than
+//    octal sequences.  The 'Utf8Safe' version does not touch UTF-8 bytes.
+//
+//    Escaped chars: \n, \r, \t, ", ', \, and !absl::ascii_isprint().
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+std::string CEscapeInternal(absl::string_view src, bool use_hex, bool utf8_safe) {
+  std::string dest;
+  bool last_hex_escape = false;  // true if last output char was \xNN.
+
+  for (unsigned char c : src) {
+    bool is_hex_escape = false;
+    switch (c) {
+      case '\n': dest.append("\\" "n"); break;
+      case '\r': dest.append("\\" "r"); break;
+      case '\t': dest.append("\\" "t"); break;
+      case '\"': dest.append("\\" "\""); break;
+      case '\'': dest.append("\\" "'"); break;
+      case '\\': dest.append("\\" "\\"); break;
+      default:
+        // Note that if we emit \xNN and the src character after that is a hex
+        // digit then that digit must be escaped too to prevent it being
+        // interpreted as part of the character code by C.
+        if ((!utf8_safe || c < 0x80) &&
+            (!absl::ascii_isprint(c) ||
+             (last_hex_escape && absl::ascii_isxdigit(c)))) {
+          if (use_hex) {
+            dest.append("\\" "x");
+            dest.push_back(kHexChar[c / 16]);
+            dest.push_back(kHexChar[c % 16]);
+            is_hex_escape = true;
+          } else {
+            dest.append("\\");
+            dest.push_back(kHexChar[c / 64]);
+            dest.push_back(kHexChar[(c % 64) / 8]);
+            dest.push_back(kHexChar[c % 8]);
+          }
+        } else {
+          dest.push_back(c);
+          break;
+        }
+    }
+    last_hex_escape = is_hex_escape;
+  }
+
+  return dest;
+}
+
+/* clang-format off */
+constexpr char c_escaped_len[256] = {
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 4, 4, 2, 4, 4,  // \t, \n, \r
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // ", '
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // '0'..'9'
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 'A'..'O'
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1,  // 'P'..'Z', '\'
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 'a'..'o'
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4,  // 'p'..'z', DEL
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+};
+/* clang-format on */
+
+// Calculates the length of the C-style escaped version of 'src'.
+// Assumes that non-printable characters are escaped using octal sequences, and
+// that UTF-8 bytes are not handled specially.
+inline size_t CEscapedLength(absl::string_view src) {
+  size_t escaped_len = 0;
+  for (unsigned char c : src) escaped_len += c_escaped_len[c];
+  return escaped_len;
+}
+
+void CEscapeAndAppendInternal(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest) {
+  size_t escaped_len = CEscapedLength(src);
+  if (escaped_len == src.size()) {
+    dest->append(src.data(), src.size());
+    return;
+  }
+
+  size_t cur_dest_len = dest->size();
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(dest,
+                                                 cur_dest_len + escaped_len);
+  char* append_ptr = &(*dest)[cur_dest_len];
+
+  for (unsigned char c : src) {
+    int char_len = c_escaped_len[c];
+    if (char_len == 1) {
+      *append_ptr++ = c;
+    } else if (char_len == 2) {
+      switch (c) {
+        case '\n':
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          *append_ptr++ = 'n';
+          break;
+        case '\r':
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          *append_ptr++ = 'r';
+          break;
+        case '\t':
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          *append_ptr++ = 't';
+          break;
+        case '\"':
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          *append_ptr++ = '\"';
+          break;
+        case '\'':
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          *append_ptr++ = '\'';
+          break;
+        case '\\':
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+          break;
+      }
+    } else {
+      *append_ptr++ = '\\';
+      *append_ptr++ = '0' + c / 64;
+      *append_ptr++ = '0' + (c % 64) / 8;
+      *append_ptr++ = '0' + c % 8;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+bool Base64UnescapeInternal(const char* src_param, size_t szsrc, char* dest,
+                            size_t szdest, const signed char* unbase64,
+                            size_t* len) {
+  static const char kPad64Equals = '=';
+  static const char kPad64Dot = '.';
+
+  size_t destidx = 0;
+  int decode = 0;
+  int state = 0;
+  unsigned int ch = 0;
+  unsigned int temp = 0;
+
+  // If "char" is signed by default, using *src as an array index results in
+  // accessing negative array elements. Treat the input as a pointer to
+  // unsigned char to avoid this.
+  const unsigned char* src = reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(src_param);
+
+  // The GET_INPUT macro gets the next input character, skipping
+  // over any whitespace, and stopping when we reach the end of the
+  // std::string or when we read any non-data character.  The arguments are
+  // an arbitrary identifier (used as a label for goto) and the number
+  // of data bytes that must remain in the input to avoid aborting the
+  // loop.
+#define GET_INPUT(label, remain)                                \
+  label:                                                        \
+  --szsrc;                                                      \
+  ch = *src++;                                                  \
+  decode = unbase64[ch];                                        \
+  if (decode < 0) {                                             \
+    if (absl::ascii_isspace(ch) && szsrc >= remain) goto label; \
+    state = 4 - remain;                                         \
+    break;                                                      \
+  }
+
+  // if dest is null, we're just checking to see if it's legal input
+  // rather than producing output.  (I suspect this could just be done
+  // with a regexp...).  We duplicate the loop so this test can be
+  // outside it instead of in every iteration.
+
+  if (dest) {
+    // This loop consumes 4 input bytes and produces 3 output bytes
+    // per iteration.  We can't know at the start that there is enough
+    // data left in the std::string for a full iteration, so the loop may
+    // break out in the middle; if so 'state' will be set to the
+    // number of input bytes read.
+
+    while (szsrc >= 4) {
+      // We'll start by optimistically assuming that the next four
+      // bytes of the std::string (src[0..3]) are four good data bytes
+      // (that is, no nulls, whitespace, padding chars, or illegal
+      // chars).  We need to test src[0..2] for nulls individually
+      // before constructing temp to preserve the property that we
+      // never read past a null in the std::string (no matter how long
+      // szsrc claims the std::string is).
+
+      if (!src[0] || !src[1] || !src[2] ||
+          ((temp = ((unsigned(unbase64[src[0]]) << 18) |
+                    (unsigned(unbase64[src[1]]) << 12) |
+                    (unsigned(unbase64[src[2]]) << 6) |
+                    (unsigned(unbase64[src[3]])))) &
+           0x80000000)) {
+        // Iff any of those four characters was bad (null, illegal,
+        // whitespace, padding), then temp's high bit will be set
+        // (because unbase64[] is -1 for all bad characters).
+        //
+        // We'll back up and resort to the slower decoder, which knows
+        // how to handle those cases.
+
+        GET_INPUT(first, 4);
+        temp = decode;
+        GET_INPUT(second, 3);
+        temp = (temp << 6) | decode;
+        GET_INPUT(third, 2);
+        temp = (temp << 6) | decode;
+        GET_INPUT(fourth, 1);
+        temp = (temp << 6) | decode;
+      } else {
+        // We really did have four good data bytes, so advance four
+        // characters in the std::string.
+
+        szsrc -= 4;
+        src += 4;
+      }
+
+      // temp has 24 bits of input, so write that out as three bytes.
+
+      if (destidx + 3 > szdest) return false;
+      dest[destidx + 2] = temp;
+      temp >>= 8;
+      dest[destidx + 1] = temp;
+      temp >>= 8;
+      dest[destidx] = temp;
+      destidx += 3;
+    }
+  } else {
+    while (szsrc >= 4) {
+      if (!src[0] || !src[1] || !src[2] ||
+          ((temp = ((unsigned(unbase64[src[0]]) << 18) |
+                    (unsigned(unbase64[src[1]]) << 12) |
+                    (unsigned(unbase64[src[2]]) << 6) |
+                    (unsigned(unbase64[src[3]])))) &
+           0x80000000)) {
+        GET_INPUT(first_no_dest, 4);
+        GET_INPUT(second_no_dest, 3);
+        GET_INPUT(third_no_dest, 2);
+        GET_INPUT(fourth_no_dest, 1);
+      } else {
+        szsrc -= 4;
+        src += 4;
+      }
+      destidx += 3;
+    }
+  }
+
+#undef GET_INPUT
+
+  // if the loop terminated because we read a bad character, return
+  // now.
+  if (decode < 0 && ch != kPad64Equals && ch != kPad64Dot &&
+      !absl::ascii_isspace(ch))
+    return false;
+
+  if (ch == kPad64Equals || ch == kPad64Dot) {
+    // if we stopped by hitting an '=' or '.', un-read that character -- we'll
+    // look at it again when we count to check for the proper number of
+    // equals signs at the end.
+    ++szsrc;
+    --src;
+  } else {
+    // This loop consumes 1 input byte per iteration.  It's used to
+    // clean up the 0-3 input bytes remaining when the first, faster
+    // loop finishes.  'temp' contains the data from 'state' input
+    // characters read by the first loop.
+    while (szsrc > 0) {
+      --szsrc;
+      ch = *src++;
+      decode = unbase64[ch];
+      if (decode < 0) {
+        if (absl::ascii_isspace(ch)) {
+          continue;
+        } else if (ch == kPad64Equals || ch == kPad64Dot) {
+          // back up one character; we'll read it again when we check
+          // for the correct number of pad characters at the end.
+          ++szsrc;
+          --src;
+          break;
+        } else {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Each input character gives us six bits of output.
+      temp = (temp << 6) | decode;
+      ++state;
+      if (state == 4) {
+        // If we've accumulated 24 bits of output, write that out as
+        // three bytes.
+        if (dest) {
+          if (destidx + 3 > szdest) return false;
+          dest[destidx + 2] = temp;
+          temp >>= 8;
+          dest[destidx + 1] = temp;
+          temp >>= 8;
+          dest[destidx] = temp;
+        }
+        destidx += 3;
+        state = 0;
+        temp = 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Process the leftover data contained in 'temp' at the end of the input.
+  int expected_equals = 0;
+  switch (state) {
+    case 0:
+      // Nothing left over; output is a multiple of 3 bytes.
+      break;
+
+    case 1:
+      // Bad input; we have 6 bits left over.
+      return false;
+
+    case 2:
+      // Produce one more output byte from the 12 input bits we have left.
+      if (dest) {
+        if (destidx + 1 > szdest) return false;
+        temp >>= 4;
+        dest[destidx] = temp;
+      }
+      ++destidx;
+      expected_equals = 2;
+      break;
+
+    case 3:
+      // Produce two more output bytes from the 18 input bits we have left.
+      if (dest) {
+        if (destidx + 2 > szdest) return false;
+        temp >>= 2;
+        dest[destidx + 1] = temp;
+        temp >>= 8;
+        dest[destidx] = temp;
+      }
+      destidx += 2;
+      expected_equals = 1;
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      // state should have no other values at this point.
+      ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL, "This can't happen; base64 decoder state = %d",
+                   state);
+  }
+
+  // The remainder of the std::string should be all whitespace, mixed with
+  // exactly 0 equals signs, or exactly 'expected_equals' equals
+  // signs.  (Always accepting 0 equals signs is an Abseil extension
+  // not covered in the RFC, as is accepting dot as the pad character.)
+
+  int equals = 0;
+  while (szsrc > 0) {
+    if (*src == kPad64Equals || *src == kPad64Dot)
+      ++equals;
+    else if (!absl::ascii_isspace(*src))
+      return false;
+    --szsrc;
+    ++src;
+  }
+
+  const bool ok = (equals == 0 || equals == expected_equals);
+  if (ok) *len = destidx;
+  return ok;
+}
+
+// The arrays below were generated by the following code
+// #include <sys/time.h>
+// #include <stdlib.h>
+// #include <std::string.h>
+// main()
+// {
+//   static const char Base64[] =
+//     "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+//   char* pos;
+//   int idx, i, j;
+//   printf("    ");
+//   for (i = 0; i < 255; i += 8) {
+//     for (j = i; j < i + 8; j++) {
+//       pos = strchr(Base64, j);
+//       if ((pos == nullptr) || (j == 0))
+//         idx = -1;
+//       else
+//         idx = pos - Base64;
+//       if (idx == -1)
+//         printf(" %2d,     ", idx);
+//       else
+//         printf(" %2d/*%c*/,", idx, j);
+//     }
+//     printf("\n    ");
+//   }
+// }
+//
+// where the value of "Base64[]" was replaced by one of the base-64 conversion
+// tables from the functions below.
+/* clang-format off */
+constexpr signed char kUnBase64[] = {
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      62/*+*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      63/*/ */,
+    52/*0*/, 53/*1*/, 54/*2*/, 55/*3*/, 56/*4*/, 57/*5*/, 58/*6*/, 59/*7*/,
+    60/*8*/, 61/*9*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,       0/*A*/,  1/*B*/,  2/*C*/,  3/*D*/,  4/*E*/,  5/*F*/,  6/*G*/,
+    07/*H*/,  8/*I*/,  9/*J*/, 10/*K*/, 11/*L*/, 12/*M*/, 13/*N*/, 14/*O*/,
+    15/*P*/, 16/*Q*/, 17/*R*/, 18/*S*/, 19/*T*/, 20/*U*/, 21/*V*/, 22/*W*/,
+    23/*X*/, 24/*Y*/, 25/*Z*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      26/*a*/, 27/*b*/, 28/*c*/, 29/*d*/, 30/*e*/, 31/*f*/, 32/*g*/,
+    33/*h*/, 34/*i*/, 35/*j*/, 36/*k*/, 37/*l*/, 38/*m*/, 39/*n*/, 40/*o*/,
+    41/*p*/, 42/*q*/, 43/*r*/, 44/*s*/, 45/*t*/, 46/*u*/, 47/*v*/, 48/*w*/,
+    49/*x*/, 50/*y*/, 51/*z*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1
+};
+
+constexpr signed char kUnWebSafeBase64[] = {
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      62/*-*/, -1,      -1,
+    52/*0*/, 53/*1*/, 54/*2*/, 55/*3*/, 56/*4*/, 57/*5*/, 58/*6*/, 59/*7*/,
+    60/*8*/, 61/*9*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,       0/*A*/,  1/*B*/,  2/*C*/,  3/*D*/,  4/*E*/,  5/*F*/,  6/*G*/,
+    07/*H*/,  8/*I*/,  9/*J*/, 10/*K*/, 11/*L*/, 12/*M*/, 13/*N*/, 14/*O*/,
+    15/*P*/, 16/*Q*/, 17/*R*/, 18/*S*/, 19/*T*/, 20/*U*/, 21/*V*/, 22/*W*/,
+    23/*X*/, 24/*Y*/, 25/*Z*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      63/*_*/,
+    -1,      26/*a*/, 27/*b*/, 28/*c*/, 29/*d*/, 30/*e*/, 31/*f*/, 32/*g*/,
+    33/*h*/, 34/*i*/, 35/*j*/, 36/*k*/, 37/*l*/, 38/*m*/, 39/*n*/, 40/*o*/,
+    41/*p*/, 42/*q*/, 43/*r*/, 44/*s*/, 45/*t*/, 46/*u*/, 47/*v*/, 48/*w*/,
+    49/*x*/, 50/*y*/, 51/*z*/, -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,
+    -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1,      -1
+};
+/* clang-format on */
+
+size_t CalculateBase64EscapedLenInternal(size_t input_len, bool do_padding) {
+  // Base64 encodes three bytes of input at a time. If the input is not
+  // divisible by three, we pad as appropriate.
+  //
+  // (from http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3548)
+  // Special processing is performed if fewer than 24 bits are available
+  // at the end of the data being encoded.  A full encoding quantum is
+  // always completed at the end of a quantity.  When fewer than 24 input
+  // bits are available in an input group, zero bits are added (on the
+  // right) to form an integral number of 6-bit groups.  Padding at the
+  // end of the data is performed using the '=' character.  Since all base
+  // 64 input is an integral number of octets, only the following cases
+  // can arise:
+
+  // Base64 encodes each three bytes of input into four bytes of output.
+  size_t len = (input_len / 3) * 4;
+
+  if (input_len % 3 == 0) {
+    // (from http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3548)
+    // (1) the final quantum of encoding input is an integral multiple of 24
+    // bits; here, the final unit of encoded output will be an integral
+    // multiple of 4 characters with no "=" padding,
+  } else if (input_len % 3 == 1) {
+    // (from http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3548)
+    // (2) the final quantum of encoding input is exactly 8 bits; here, the
+    // final unit of encoded output will be two characters followed by two
+    // "=" padding characters, or
+    len += 2;
+    if (do_padding) {
+      len += 2;
+    }
+  } else {  // (input_len % 3 == 2)
+    // (from http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3548)
+    // (3) the final quantum of encoding input is exactly 16 bits; here, the
+    // final unit of encoded output will be three characters followed by one
+    // "=" padding character.
+    len += 3;
+    if (do_padding) {
+      len += 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(len >= input_len);  // make sure we didn't overflow
+  return len;
+}
+
+size_t Base64EscapeInternal(const unsigned char* src, size_t szsrc, char* dest,
+                            size_t szdest, const char* base64,
+                            bool do_padding) {
+  static const char kPad64 = '=';
+
+  if (szsrc * 4 > szdest * 3) return 0;
+
+  char* cur_dest = dest;
+  const unsigned char* cur_src = src;
+
+  char* const limit_dest = dest + szdest;
+  const unsigned char* const limit_src = src + szsrc;
+
+  // Three bytes of data encodes to four characters of cyphertext.
+  // So we can pump through three-byte chunks atomically.
+  if (szsrc >= 3) {  // "limit_src - 3" is UB if szsrc < 3
+    while (cur_src < limit_src - 3) {  // as long as we have >= 32 bits
+      uint32_t in = absl::big_endian::Load32(cur_src) >> 8;
+
+      cur_dest[0] = base64[in >> 18];
+      in &= 0x3FFFF;
+      cur_dest[1] = base64[in >> 12];
+      in &= 0xFFF;
+      cur_dest[2] = base64[in >> 6];
+      in &= 0x3F;
+      cur_dest[3] = base64[in];
+
+      cur_dest += 4;
+      cur_src += 3;
+    }
+  }
+  // To save time, we didn't update szdest or szsrc in the loop.  So do it now.
+  szdest = limit_dest - cur_dest;
+  szsrc = limit_src - cur_src;
+
+  /* now deal with the tail (<=3 bytes) */
+  switch (szsrc) {
+    case 0:
+      // Nothing left; nothing more to do.
+      break;
+    case 1: {
+      // One byte left: this encodes to two characters, and (optionally)
+      // two pad characters to round out the four-character cypherblock.
+      if (szdest < 2) return 0;
+      uint32_t in = cur_src[0];
+      cur_dest[0] = base64[in >> 2];
+      in &= 0x3;
+      cur_dest[1] = base64[in << 4];
+      cur_dest += 2;
+      szdest -= 2;
+      if (do_padding) {
+        if (szdest < 2) return 0;
+        cur_dest[0] = kPad64;
+        cur_dest[1] = kPad64;
+        cur_dest += 2;
+        szdest -= 2;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 2: {
+      // Two bytes left: this encodes to three characters, and (optionally)
+      // one pad character to round out the four-character cypherblock.
+      if (szdest < 3) return 0;
+      uint32_t in = absl::big_endian::Load16(cur_src);
+      cur_dest[0] = base64[in >> 10];
+      in &= 0x3FF;
+      cur_dest[1] = base64[in >> 4];
+      in &= 0x00F;
+      cur_dest[2] = base64[in << 2];
+      cur_dest += 3;
+      szdest -= 3;
+      if (do_padding) {
+        if (szdest < 1) return 0;
+        cur_dest[0] = kPad64;
+        cur_dest += 1;
+        szdest -= 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 3: {
+      // Three bytes left: same as in the big loop above.  We can't do this in
+      // the loop because the loop above always reads 4 bytes, and the fourth
+      // byte is past the end of the input.
+      if (szdest < 4) return 0;
+      uint32_t in = (cur_src[0] << 16) + absl::big_endian::Load16(cur_src + 1);
+      cur_dest[0] = base64[in >> 18];
+      in &= 0x3FFFF;
+      cur_dest[1] = base64[in >> 12];
+      in &= 0xFFF;
+      cur_dest[2] = base64[in >> 6];
+      in &= 0x3F;
+      cur_dest[3] = base64[in];
+      cur_dest += 4;
+      szdest -= 4;
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      // Should not be reached: blocks of 4 bytes are handled
+      // in the while loop before this switch statement.
+      ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL, "Logic problem? szsrc = %zu", szsrc);
+      break;
+  }
+  return (cur_dest - dest);
+}
+
+constexpr char kBase64Chars[] =
+    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+
+constexpr char kWebSafeBase64Chars[] =
+    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_";
+
+void Base64EscapeInternal(const unsigned char* src, size_t szsrc, std::string* dest,
+                          bool do_padding, const char* base64_chars) {
+  const size_t calc_escaped_size =
+      CalculateBase64EscapedLenInternal(szsrc, do_padding);
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(dest, calc_escaped_size);
+
+  const size_t escaped_len = Base64EscapeInternal(
+      src, szsrc, &(*dest)[0], dest->size(), base64_chars, do_padding);
+  assert(calc_escaped_size == escaped_len);
+  dest->erase(escaped_len);
+}
+
+bool Base64UnescapeInternal(const char* src, size_t slen, std::string* dest,
+                            const signed char* unbase64) {
+  // Determine the size of the output std::string.  Base64 encodes every 3 bytes into
+  // 4 characters.  any leftover chars are added directly for good measure.
+  // This is documented in the base64 RFC: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3548
+  const size_t dest_len = 3 * (slen / 4) + (slen % 4);
+
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(dest, dest_len);
+
+  // We are getting the destination buffer by getting the beginning of the
+  // std::string and converting it into a char *.
+  size_t len;
+  const bool ok =
+      Base64UnescapeInternal(src, slen, &(*dest)[0], dest_len, unbase64, &len);
+  if (!ok) {
+    dest->clear();
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // could be shorter if there was padding
+  assert(len <= dest_len);
+  dest->erase(len);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/* clang-format off */
+constexpr char kHexValue[256] = {
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6, 7, 8, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // '0'..'9'
+    0, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 'A'..'F'
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 'a'..'f'
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+/* clang-format on */
+
+// This is a templated function so that T can be either a char*
+// or a std::string.  This works because we use the [] operator to access
+// individual characters at a time.
+template <typename T>
+void HexStringToBytesInternal(const char* from, T to, ptrdiff_t num) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+    to[i] = (kHexValue[from[i * 2] & 0xFF] << 4) +
+            (kHexValue[from[i * 2 + 1] & 0xFF]);
+  }
+}
+
+// This is a templated function so that T can be either a char* or a std::string.
+template <typename T>
+void BytesToHexStringInternal(const unsigned char* src, T dest, ptrdiff_t num) {
+  auto dest_ptr = &dest[0];
+  for (auto src_ptr = src; src_ptr != (src + num); ++src_ptr, dest_ptr += 2) {
+    const char* hex_p = &kHexTable[*src_ptr * 2];
+    std::copy(hex_p, hex_p + 2, dest_ptr);
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CUnescape()
+//
+// See CUnescapeInternal() for implementation details.
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+bool CUnescape(absl::string_view source, std::string* dest, std::string* error) {
+  return CUnescapeInternal(source, kUnescapeNulls, dest, error);
+}
+
+std::string CEscape(absl::string_view src) {
+  std::string dest;
+  CEscapeAndAppendInternal(src, &dest);
+  return dest;
+}
+
+std::string CHexEscape(absl::string_view src) {
+  return CEscapeInternal(src, true, false);
+}
+
+std::string Utf8SafeCEscape(absl::string_view src) {
+  return CEscapeInternal(src, false, true);
+}
+
+std::string Utf8SafeCHexEscape(absl::string_view src) {
+  return CEscapeInternal(src, true, true);
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ptrdiff_t Base64Unescape() - base64 decoder
+// ptrdiff_t Base64Escape() - base64 encoder
+// ptrdiff_t WebSafeBase64Unescape() - Google's variation of base64 decoder
+// ptrdiff_t WebSafeBase64Escape() - Google's variation of base64 encoder
+//
+// Check out
+// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2045 for formal description, but what we
+// care about is that...
+//   Take the encoded stuff in groups of 4 characters and turn each
+//   character into a code 0 to 63 thus:
+//           A-Z map to 0 to 25
+//           a-z map to 26 to 51
+//           0-9 map to 52 to 61
+//           +(- for WebSafe) maps to 62
+//           /(_ for WebSafe) maps to 63
+//   There will be four numbers, all less than 64 which can be represented
+//   by a 6 digit binary number (aaaaaa, bbbbbb, cccccc, dddddd respectively).
+//   Arrange the 6 digit binary numbers into three bytes as such:
+//   aaaaaabb bbbbcccc ccdddddd
+//   Equals signs (one or two) are used at the end of the encoded block to
+//   indicate that the text was not an integer multiple of three bytes long.
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+bool Base64Unescape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest) {
+  return Base64UnescapeInternal(src.data(), src.size(), dest, kUnBase64);
+}
+
+bool WebSafeBase64Unescape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest) {
+  return Base64UnescapeInternal(src.data(), src.size(), dest, kUnWebSafeBase64);
+}
+
+void Base64Escape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest) {
+  Base64EscapeInternal(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(src.data()),
+                       src.size(), dest, true, kBase64Chars);
+}
+
+void WebSafeBase64Escape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest) {
+  Base64EscapeInternal(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(src.data()),
+                       src.size(), dest, false, kWebSafeBase64Chars);
+}
+
+std::string HexStringToBytes(absl::string_view from) {
+  std::string result;
+  const auto num = from.size() / 2;
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(&result, num);
+  absl::HexStringToBytesInternal<std::string&>(from.data(), result, num);
+  return result;
+}
+
+std::string BytesToHexString(absl::string_view from) {
+  std::string result;
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(&result, 2 * from.size());
+  absl::BytesToHexStringInternal<std::string&>(
+      reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(from.data()), result, from.size());
+  return result;
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1af0afa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping.h
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: escaping.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This header file contains std::string utilities involved in escaping and
+// unescaping strings in various ways.
+//
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_ESCAPING_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_ESCAPING_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// CUnescape()
+//
+// Unescapes a `source` std::string and copies it into `dest`, rewriting C-style
+// escape sequences (http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/escape) into
+// their proper code point equivalents, returning `true` if successful.
+//
+// The following unescape sequences can be handled:
+//
+//   * ASCII escape sequences ('\n','\r','\\', etc.) to their ASCII equivalents
+//   * Octal escape sequences ('\nnn') to byte nnn. The unescaped value must
+//     resolve to a single byte or an error will occur. E.g. values greater than
+//     0xff will produce an error.
+//   * Hexadecimal escape sequences ('\xnn') to byte nn. While an arbitrary
+//     number of following digits are allowed, the unescaped value must resolve
+//     to a single byte or an error will occur. E.g. '\x0045' is equivalent to
+//     '\x45', but '\x1234' will produce an error.
+//   * Unicode escape sequences ('\unnnn' for exactly four hex digits or
+//     '\Unnnnnnnn' for exactly eight hex digits, which will be encoded in
+//     UTF-8. (E.g., `\u2019` unescapes to the three bytes 0xE2, 0x80, and
+//     0x99).
+//
+//
+// If any errors are encountered, this function returns `false` and stores the
+// first encountered error in `error`. To disable error reporting, set `error`
+// to `nullptr` or use the overload with no error reporting below.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::string s = "foo\\rbar\\nbaz\\t";
+//   std::string unescaped_s;
+//   if (!absl::CUnescape(s, &unescaped_s) {
+//     ...
+//   }
+//   EXPECT_EQ(unescaped_s, "foo\rbar\nbaz\t");
+bool CUnescape(absl::string_view source, std::string* dest, std::string* error);
+
+// Overload of `CUnescape()` with no error reporting.
+inline bool CUnescape(absl::string_view source, std::string* dest) {
+  return CUnescape(source, dest, nullptr);
+}
+
+// CEscape()
+//
+// Escapes a 'src' std::string using C-style escapes sequences
+// (http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/escape), escaping other
+// non-printable/non-whitespace bytes as octal sequences (e.g. "\377").
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::string s = "foo\rbar\tbaz\010\011\012\013\014\x0d\n";
+//   std::string escaped_s = absl::CEscape(s);
+//   EXPECT_EQ(escaped_s, "foo\\rbar\\tbaz\\010\\t\\n\\013\\014\\r\\n");
+std::string CEscape(absl::string_view src);
+
+// CHexEscape()
+//
+// Escapes a 'src' std::string using C-style escape sequences, escaping
+// other non-printable/non-whitespace bytes as hexadecimal sequences (e.g.
+// "\xFF").
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::string s = "foo\rbar\tbaz\010\011\012\013\014\x0d\n";
+//   std::string escaped_s = absl::CHexEscape(s);
+//   EXPECT_EQ(escaped_s, "foo\\rbar\\tbaz\\x08\\t\\n\\x0b\\x0c\\r\\n");
+std::string CHexEscape(absl::string_view src);
+
+// Utf8SafeCEscape()
+//
+// Escapes a 'src' std::string using C-style escape sequences, escaping bytes as
+// octal sequences, and passing through UTF-8 characters without conversion.
+// I.e., when encountering any bytes with their high bit set, this function
+// will not escape those values, whether or not they are valid UTF-8.
+std::string Utf8SafeCEscape(absl::string_view src);
+
+// Utf8SafeCHexEscape()
+//
+// Escapes a 'src' std::string using C-style escape sequences, escaping bytes as
+// hexadecimal sequences, and passing through UTF-8 characters without
+// conversion.
+std::string Utf8SafeCHexEscape(absl::string_view src);
+
+// Base64Unescape()
+//
+// Converts a `src` std::string encoded in Base64 to its binary equivalent, writing
+// it to a `dest` buffer, returning `true` on success. If `src` contains invalid
+// characters, `dest` is cleared and returns `false`.
+bool Base64Unescape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest);
+
+// WebSafeBase64Unescape(absl::string_view, std::string*)
+//
+// Converts a `src` std::string encoded in Base64 to its binary equivalent, writing
+// it to a `dest` buffer, but using '-' instead of '+', and '_' instead of '/'.
+// If `src` contains invalid characters, `dest` is cleared and returns `false`.
+bool WebSafeBase64Unescape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest);
+
+// Base64Escape()
+//
+// Encodes a `src` std::string into a `dest` buffer using base64 encoding, with
+// padding characters. This function conforms with RFC 4648 section 4 (base64).
+void Base64Escape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest);
+
+// WebSafeBase64Escape()
+//
+// Encodes a `src` std::string into a `dest` buffer using uses '-' instead of '+' and
+// '_' instead of '/', and without padding. This function conforms with RFC 4648
+// section 5 (base64url).
+void WebSafeBase64Escape(absl::string_view src, std::string* dest);
+
+// HexStringToBytes()
+//
+// Converts an ASCII hex std::string into bytes, returning binary data of length
+// `from.size()/2`.
+std::string HexStringToBytes(absl::string_view from);
+
+// BytesToHexString()
+//
+// Converts binary data into an ASCII text std::string, returning a std::string of size
+// `2*from.size()`.
+std::string BytesToHexString(absl::string_view from);
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_ESCAPING_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e87f101
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/escaping_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/escaping.h"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/escaping_test_common.inc"
+
+namespace {
+
+struct epair {
+  std::string escaped;
+  std::string unescaped;
+};
+
+TEST(CEscape, EscapeAndUnescape) {
+  const std::string inputs[] = {
+    std::string("foo\nxx\r\b\0023"),
+    std::string(""),
+    std::string("abc"),
+    std::string("\1chad_rules"),
+    std::string("\1arnar_drools"),
+    std::string("xxxx\r\t'\"\\"),
+    std::string("\0xx\0", 4),
+    std::string("\x01\x31"),
+    std::string("abc\xb\x42\141bc"),
+    std::string("123\1\x31\x32\x33"),
+    std::string("\xc1\xca\x1b\x62\x19o\xcc\x04"),
+    std::string("\\\"\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\\\" is Google\\\'s Chinese name"),
+  };
+  // Do this twice, once for octal escapes and once for hex escapes.
+  for (int kind = 0; kind < 4; kind++) {
+    for (const std::string& original : inputs) {
+      std::string escaped;
+      switch (kind) {
+        case 0:
+          escaped = absl::CEscape(original);
+          break;
+        case 1:
+          escaped = absl::CHexEscape(original);
+          break;
+        case 2:
+          escaped = absl::Utf8SafeCEscape(original);
+          break;
+        case 3:
+          escaped = absl::Utf8SafeCHexEscape(original);
+          break;
+      }
+      std::string unescaped_str;
+      EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(escaped, &unescaped_str));
+      EXPECT_EQ(unescaped_str, original);
+
+      // Check in-place unescaping
+      std::string s = escaped;
+      EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(s, &s));
+      ASSERT_EQ(s, original);
+    }
+  }
+  // Check that all possible two character strings can be escaped then
+  // unescaped successfully.
+  for (int char0 = 0; char0 < 256; char0++) {
+    for (int char1 = 0; char1 < 256; char1++) {
+      char chars[2];
+      chars[0] = char0;
+      chars[1] = char1;
+      std::string s(chars, 2);
+      std::string escaped = absl::CHexEscape(s);
+      std::string unescaped;
+      EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(escaped, &unescaped));
+      EXPECT_EQ(s, unescaped);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(CEscape, BasicEscaping) {
+  epair oct_values[] = {
+      {"foo\\rbar\\nbaz\\t", "foo\rbar\nbaz\t"},
+      {"\\'full of \\\"sound\\\" and \\\"fury\\\"\\'",
+       "'full of \"sound\" and \"fury\"'"},
+      {"signi\\\\fying\\\\ nothing\\\\", "signi\\fying\\ nothing\\"},
+      {"\\010\\t\\n\\013\\014\\r", "\010\011\012\013\014\015"}
+  };
+  epair hex_values[] = {
+      {"ubik\\rubik\\nubik\\t", "ubik\rubik\nubik\t"},
+      {"I\\\'ve just seen a \\\"face\\\"",
+       "I've just seen a \"face\""},
+      {"hel\\\\ter\\\\skel\\\\ter\\\\", "hel\\ter\\skel\\ter\\"},
+      {"\\x08\\t\\n\\x0b\\x0c\\r", "\010\011\012\013\014\015"}
+  };
+  epair utf8_oct_values[] = {
+      {"\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\\r\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\\nbaz\\t",
+       "\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\r\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\nbaz\t"},
+      {"\\\"\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\\\" is Google\\\'s Chinese name",
+       "\"\xe8\xb0\xb7\xe6\xad\x8c\" is Google\'s Chinese name"},
+      {"\xe3\x83\xa1\xe3\x83\xbc\xe3\x83\xab\\\\are\\\\Japanese\\\\chars\\\\",
+       "\xe3\x83\xa1\xe3\x83\xbc\xe3\x83\xab\\are\\Japanese\\chars\\"},
+      {"\xed\x81\xac\xeb\xa1\xac\\010\\t\\n\\013\\014\\r",
+       "\xed\x81\xac\xeb\xa1\xac\010\011\012\013\014\015"}
+  };
+  epair utf8_hex_values[] = {
+      {"\x20\xe4\xbd\xa0\\t\xe5\xa5\xbd,\\r!\\n",
+       "\x20\xe4\xbd\xa0\t\xe5\xa5\xbd,\r!\n"},
+      {"\xe8\xa9\xa6\xe9\xa8\x93\\\' means \\\"test\\\"",
+       "\xe8\xa9\xa6\xe9\xa8\x93\' means \"test\""},
+      {"\\\\\xe6\x88\x91\\\\:\\\\\xe6\x9d\xa8\xe6\xac\xa2\\\\",
+       "\\\xe6\x88\x91\\:\\\xe6\x9d\xa8\xe6\xac\xa2\\"},
+      {"\xed\x81\xac\xeb\xa1\xac\\x08\\t\\n\\x0b\\x0c\\r",
+       "\xed\x81\xac\xeb\xa1\xac\010\011\012\013\014\015"}
+  };
+
+  for (const epair& val : oct_values) {
+    std::string escaped = absl::CEscape(val.unescaped);
+    EXPECT_EQ(escaped, val.escaped);
+  }
+  for (const epair& val : hex_values) {
+    std::string escaped = absl::CHexEscape(val.unescaped);
+    EXPECT_EQ(escaped, val.escaped);
+  }
+  for (const epair& val : utf8_oct_values) {
+    std::string escaped = absl::Utf8SafeCEscape(val.unescaped);
+    EXPECT_EQ(escaped, val.escaped);
+  }
+  for (const epair& val : utf8_hex_values) {
+    std::string escaped = absl::Utf8SafeCHexEscape(val.unescaped);
+    EXPECT_EQ(escaped, val.escaped);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Unescape, BasicFunction) {
+  epair tests[] =
+    {{"\\u0030", "0"},
+     {"\\u00A3", "\xC2\xA3"},
+     {"\\u22FD", "\xE2\x8B\xBD"},
+     {"\\U00010000", "\xF0\x90\x80\x80"},
+     {"\\U0010FFFD", "\xF4\x8F\xBF\xBD"}};
+  for (const epair& val : tests) {
+    std::string out;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(val.escaped, &out));
+    EXPECT_EQ(out, val.unescaped);
+  }
+  std::string bad[] =
+     {"\\u1",         // too short
+      "\\U1",         // too short
+      "\\Uffffff",    // exceeds 0x10ffff (largest Unicode)
+      "\\U00110000",  // exceeds 0x10ffff (largest Unicode)
+      "\\uD835",      // surrogate character (D800-DFFF)
+      "\\U0000DD04",  // surrogate character (D800-DFFF)
+      "\\777",        // exceeds 0xff
+      "\\xABCD"};     // exceeds 0xff
+  for (const std::string& e : bad) {
+    std::string error;
+    std::string out;
+    EXPECT_FALSE(absl::CUnescape(e, &out, &error));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(error.empty());
+  }
+}
+
+class CUnescapeTest : public testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  static const char kStringWithMultipleOctalNulls[];
+  static const char kStringWithMultipleHexNulls[];
+  static const char kStringWithMultipleUnicodeNulls[];
+
+  std::string result_string_;
+};
+
+const char CUnescapeTest::kStringWithMultipleOctalNulls[] =
+    "\\0\\n"    // null escape \0 plus newline
+    "0\\n"      // just a number 0 (not a null escape) plus newline
+    "\\00\\12"  // null escape \00 plus octal newline code
+    "\\000";    // null escape \000
+
+// This has the same ingredients as kStringWithMultipleOctalNulls
+// but with \x hex escapes instead of octal escapes.
+const char CUnescapeTest::kStringWithMultipleHexNulls[] =
+    "\\x0\\n"
+    "0\\n"
+    "\\x00\\xa"
+    "\\x000";
+
+const char CUnescapeTest::kStringWithMultipleUnicodeNulls[] =
+    "\\u0000\\n"    // short-form (4-digit) null escape plus newline
+    "0\\n"          // just a number 0 (not a null escape) plus newline
+    "\\U00000000";  // long-form (8-digit) null escape
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes1CharOctalNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\0";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes2CharOctalNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\00";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes3CharOctalNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\000";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes1CharHexNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\x0";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes2CharHexNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\x00";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes3CharHexNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\x000";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes4CharUnicodeNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\u0000";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, Unescapes8CharUnicodeNull) {
+  std::string original_string = "\\U00000000";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0", 1), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, UnescapesMultipleOctalNulls) {
+  std::string original_string(kStringWithMultipleOctalNulls);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  // All escapes, including newlines and null escapes, should have been
+  // converted to the equivalent characters.
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0\n"
+                   "0\n"
+                   "\0\n"
+                   "\0", 7), result_string_);
+}
+
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, UnescapesMultipleHexNulls) {
+  std::string original_string(kStringWithMultipleHexNulls);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0\n"
+                   "0\n"
+                   "\0\n"
+                   "\0", 7), result_string_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(CUnescapeTest, UnescapesMultipleUnicodeNulls) {
+  std::string original_string(kStringWithMultipleUnicodeNulls);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::CUnescape(original_string, &result_string_));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("\0\n"
+                   "0\n"
+                   "\0", 5), result_string_);
+}
+
+static struct {
+  absl::string_view plaintext;
+  absl::string_view cyphertext;
+} const base64_tests[] = {
+    // Empty std::string.
+    {{"", 0}, {"", 0}},
+    {{nullptr, 0},
+     {"", 0}},  // if length is zero, plaintext ptr must be ignored!
+
+    // Basic bit patterns;
+    // values obtained with "echo -n '...' | uuencode -m test"
+
+    {{"\000", 1}, "AA=="},
+    {{"\001", 1}, "AQ=="},
+    {{"\002", 1}, "Ag=="},
+    {{"\004", 1}, "BA=="},
+    {{"\010", 1}, "CA=="},
+    {{"\020", 1}, "EA=="},
+    {{"\040", 1}, "IA=="},
+    {{"\100", 1}, "QA=="},
+    {{"\200", 1}, "gA=="},
+
+    {{"\377", 1}, "/w=="},
+    {{"\376", 1}, "/g=="},
+    {{"\375", 1}, "/Q=="},
+    {{"\373", 1}, "+w=="},
+    {{"\367", 1}, "9w=="},
+    {{"\357", 1}, "7w=="},
+    {{"\337", 1}, "3w=="},
+    {{"\277", 1}, "vw=="},
+    {{"\177", 1}, "fw=="},
+    {{"\000\000", 2}, "AAA="},
+    {{"\000\001", 2}, "AAE="},
+    {{"\000\002", 2}, "AAI="},
+    {{"\000\004", 2}, "AAQ="},
+    {{"\000\010", 2}, "AAg="},
+    {{"\000\020", 2}, "ABA="},
+    {{"\000\040", 2}, "ACA="},
+    {{"\000\100", 2}, "AEA="},
+    {{"\000\200", 2}, "AIA="},
+    {{"\001\000", 2}, "AQA="},
+    {{"\002\000", 2}, "AgA="},
+    {{"\004\000", 2}, "BAA="},
+    {{"\010\000", 2}, "CAA="},
+    {{"\020\000", 2}, "EAA="},
+    {{"\040\000", 2}, "IAA="},
+    {{"\100\000", 2}, "QAA="},
+    {{"\200\000", 2}, "gAA="},
+
+    {{"\377\377", 2}, "//8="},
+    {{"\377\376", 2}, "//4="},
+    {{"\377\375", 2}, "//0="},
+    {{"\377\373", 2}, "//s="},
+    {{"\377\367", 2}, "//c="},
+    {{"\377\357", 2}, "/+8="},
+    {{"\377\337", 2}, "/98="},
+    {{"\377\277", 2}, "/78="},
+    {{"\377\177", 2}, "/38="},
+    {{"\376\377", 2}, "/v8="},
+    {{"\375\377", 2}, "/f8="},
+    {{"\373\377", 2}, "+/8="},
+    {{"\367\377", 2}, "9/8="},
+    {{"\357\377", 2}, "7/8="},
+    {{"\337\377", 2}, "3/8="},
+    {{"\277\377", 2}, "v/8="},
+    {{"\177\377", 2}, "f/8="},
+
+    {{"\000\000\000", 3}, "AAAA"},
+    {{"\000\000\001", 3}, "AAAB"},
+    {{"\000\000\002", 3}, "AAAC"},
+    {{"\000\000\004", 3}, "AAAE"},
+    {{"\000\000\010", 3}, "AAAI"},
+    {{"\000\000\020", 3}, "AAAQ"},
+    {{"\000\000\040", 3}, "AAAg"},
+    {{"\000\000\100", 3}, "AABA"},
+    {{"\000\000\200", 3}, "AACA"},
+    {{"\000\001\000", 3}, "AAEA"},
+    {{"\000\002\000", 3}, "AAIA"},
+    {{"\000\004\000", 3}, "AAQA"},
+    {{"\000\010\000", 3}, "AAgA"},
+    {{"\000\020\000", 3}, "ABAA"},
+    {{"\000\040\000", 3}, "ACAA"},
+    {{"\000\100\000", 3}, "AEAA"},
+    {{"\000\200\000", 3}, "AIAA"},
+    {{"\001\000\000", 3}, "AQAA"},
+    {{"\002\000\000", 3}, "AgAA"},
+    {{"\004\000\000", 3}, "BAAA"},
+    {{"\010\000\000", 3}, "CAAA"},
+    {{"\020\000\000", 3}, "EAAA"},
+    {{"\040\000\000", 3}, "IAAA"},
+    {{"\100\000\000", 3}, "QAAA"},
+    {{"\200\000\000", 3}, "gAAA"},
+
+    {{"\377\377\377", 3}, "////"},
+    {{"\377\377\376", 3}, "///+"},
+    {{"\377\377\375", 3}, "///9"},
+    {{"\377\377\373", 3}, "///7"},
+    {{"\377\377\367", 3}, "///3"},
+    {{"\377\377\357", 3}, "///v"},
+    {{"\377\377\337", 3}, "///f"},
+    {{"\377\377\277", 3}, "//+/"},
+    {{"\377\377\177", 3}, "//9/"},
+    {{"\377\376\377", 3}, "//7/"},
+    {{"\377\375\377", 3}, "//3/"},
+    {{"\377\373\377", 3}, "//v/"},
+    {{"\377\367\377", 3}, "//f/"},
+    {{"\377\357\377", 3}, "/+//"},
+    {{"\377\337\377", 3}, "/9//"},
+    {{"\377\277\377", 3}, "/7//"},
+    {{"\377\177\377", 3}, "/3//"},
+    {{"\376\377\377", 3}, "/v//"},
+    {{"\375\377\377", 3}, "/f//"},
+    {{"\373\377\377", 3}, "+///"},
+    {{"\367\377\377", 3}, "9///"},
+    {{"\357\377\377", 3}, "7///"},
+    {{"\337\377\377", 3}, "3///"},
+    {{"\277\377\377", 3}, "v///"},
+    {{"\177\377\377", 3}, "f///"},
+
+    // Random numbers: values obtained with
+    //
+    //  #! /bin/bash
+    //  dd bs=$1 count=1 if=/dev/random of=/tmp/bar.random
+    //  od -N $1 -t o1 /tmp/bar.random
+    //  uuencode -m test < /tmp/bar.random
+    //
+    // where $1 is the number of bytes (2, 3)
+
+    {{"\243\361", 2}, "o/E="},
+    {{"\024\167", 2}, "FHc="},
+    {{"\313\252", 2}, "y6o="},
+    {{"\046\041", 2}, "JiE="},
+    {{"\145\236", 2}, "ZZ4="},
+    {{"\254\325", 2}, "rNU="},
+    {{"\061\330", 2}, "Mdg="},
+    {{"\245\032", 2}, "pRo="},
+    {{"\006\000", 2}, "BgA="},
+    {{"\375\131", 2}, "/Vk="},
+    {{"\303\210", 2}, "w4g="},
+    {{"\040\037", 2}, "IB8="},
+    {{"\261\372", 2}, "sfo="},
+    {{"\335\014", 2}, "3Qw="},
+    {{"\233\217", 2}, "m48="},
+    {{"\373\056", 2}, "+y4="},
+    {{"\247\232", 2}, "p5o="},
+    {{"\107\053", 2}, "Rys="},
+    {{"\204\077", 2}, "hD8="},
+    {{"\276\211", 2}, "vok="},
+    {{"\313\110", 2}, "y0g="},
+    {{"\363\376", 2}, "8/4="},
+    {{"\251\234", 2}, "qZw="},
+    {{"\103\262", 2}, "Q7I="},
+    {{"\142\312", 2}, "Yso="},
+    {{"\067\211", 2}, "N4k="},
+    {{"\220\001", 2}, "kAE="},
+    {{"\152\240", 2}, "aqA="},
+    {{"\367\061", 2}, "9zE="},
+    {{"\133\255", 2}, "W60="},
+    {{"\176\035", 2}, "fh0="},
+    {{"\032\231", 2}, "Gpk="},
+
+    {{"\013\007\144", 3}, "Cwdk"},
+    {{"\030\112\106", 3}, "GEpG"},
+    {{"\047\325\046", 3}, "J9Um"},
+    {{"\310\160\022", 3}, "yHAS"},
+    {{"\131\100\237", 3}, "WUCf"},
+    {{"\064\342\134", 3}, "NOJc"},
+    {{"\010\177\004", 3}, "CH8E"},
+    {{"\345\147\205", 3}, "5WeF"},
+    {{"\300\343\360", 3}, "wOPw"},
+    {{"\061\240\201", 3}, "MaCB"},
+    {{"\225\333\044", 3}, "ldsk"},
+    {{"\215\137\352", 3}, "jV/q"},
+    {{"\371\147\160", 3}, "+Wdw"},
+    {{"\030\320\051", 3}, "GNAp"},
+    {{"\044\174\241", 3}, "JHyh"},
+    {{"\260\127\037", 3}, "sFcf"},
+    {{"\111\045\033", 3}, "SSUb"},
+    {{"\202\114\107", 3}, "gkxH"},
+    {{"\057\371\042", 3}, "L/ki"},
+    {{"\223\247\244", 3}, "k6ek"},
+    {{"\047\216\144", 3}, "J45k"},
+    {{"\203\070\327", 3}, "gzjX"},
+    {{"\247\140\072", 3}, "p2A6"},
+    {{"\124\115\116", 3}, "VE1O"},
+    {{"\157\162\050", 3}, "b3Io"},
+    {{"\357\223\004", 3}, "75ME"},
+    {{"\052\117\156", 3}, "Kk9u"},
+    {{"\347\154\000", 3}, "52wA"},
+    {{"\303\012\142", 3}, "wwpi"},
+    {{"\060\035\362", 3}, "MB3y"},
+    {{"\130\226\361", 3}, "WJbx"},
+    {{"\173\013\071", 3}, "ews5"},
+    {{"\336\004\027", 3}, "3gQX"},
+    {{"\357\366\234", 3}, "7/ac"},
+    {{"\353\304\111", 3}, "68RJ"},
+    {{"\024\264\131", 3}, "FLRZ"},
+    {{"\075\114\251", 3}, "PUyp"},
+    {{"\315\031\225", 3}, "zRmV"},
+    {{"\154\201\276", 3}, "bIG+"},
+    {{"\200\066\072", 3}, "gDY6"},
+    {{"\142\350\267", 3}, "Yui3"},
+    {{"\033\000\166", 3}, "GwB2"},
+    {{"\210\055\077", 3}, "iC0/"},
+    {{"\341\037\124", 3}, "4R9U"},
+    {{"\161\103\152", 3}, "cUNq"},
+    {{"\270\142\131", 3}, "uGJZ"},
+    {{"\337\076\074", 3}, "3z48"},
+    {{"\375\106\362", 3}, "/Uby"},
+    {{"\227\301\127", 3}, "l8FX"},
+    {{"\340\002\234", 3}, "4AKc"},
+    {{"\121\064\033", 3}, "UTQb"},
+    {{"\157\134\143", 3}, "b1xj"},
+    {{"\247\055\327", 3}, "py3X"},
+    {{"\340\142\005", 3}, "4GIF"},
+    {{"\060\260\143", 3}, "MLBj"},
+    {{"\075\203\170", 3}, "PYN4"},
+    {{"\143\160\016", 3}, "Y3AO"},
+    {{"\313\013\063", 3}, "ywsz"},
+    {{"\174\236\135", 3}, "fJ5d"},
+    {{"\103\047\026", 3}, "QycW"},
+    {{"\365\005\343", 3}, "9QXj"},
+    {{"\271\160\223", 3}, "uXCT"},
+    {{"\362\255\172", 3}, "8q16"},
+    {{"\113\012\015", 3}, "SwoN"},
+
+    // various lengths, generated by this python script:
+    //
+    // from std::string import lowercase as lc
+    // for i in range(27):
+    //   print '{ %2d, "%s",%s "%s" },' % (i, lc[:i], ' ' * (26-i),
+    //                                     lc[:i].encode('base64').strip())
+
+    {{"", 0}, {"", 0}},
+    {"a", "YQ=="},
+    {"ab", "YWI="},
+    {"abc", "YWJj"},
+    {"abcd", "YWJjZA=="},
+    {"abcde", "YWJjZGU="},
+    {"abcdef", "YWJjZGVm"},
+    {"abcdefg", "YWJjZGVmZw=="},
+    {"abcdefgh", "YWJjZGVmZ2g="},
+    {"abcdefghi", "YWJjZGVmZ2hp"},
+    {"abcdefghij", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpag=="},
+    {"abcdefghijk", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpams="},
+    {"abcdefghijkl", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamts"},
+    {"abcdefghijklm", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbQ=="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmn", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW4="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmno", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5v"},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnop", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcA=="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopq", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHE="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqr", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFy"},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrs", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFycw=="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrst", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3Q="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrstu", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1"},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuv", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dg=="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvw", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnc="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4"},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eQ=="},
+    {"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eXo="},
+};
+
+TEST(Base64, EscapeAndUnescape) {
+  // Check the short strings; this tests the math (and boundaries)
+  for (const auto& tc : base64_tests) {
+    std::string encoded("this junk should be ignored");
+    absl::Base64Escape(tc.plaintext, &encoded);
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoded, tc.cyphertext);
+
+    std::string decoded("this junk should be ignored");
+    EXPECT_TRUE(absl::Base64Unescape(encoded, &decoded));
+    EXPECT_EQ(decoded, tc.plaintext);
+
+    std::string websafe(tc.cyphertext);
+    for (int c = 0; c < websafe.size(); ++c) {
+      if ('+' == websafe[c]) websafe[c] = '-';
+      if ('/' == websafe[c]) websafe[c] = '_';
+      if ('=' == websafe[c]) {
+        websafe.resize(c);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    encoded = "this junk should be ignored";
+    absl::WebSafeBase64Escape(tc.plaintext, &encoded);
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoded, websafe);
+
+    // Let's try the std::string version of the decoder
+    decoded = "this junk should be ignored";
+    EXPECT_TRUE(absl::WebSafeBase64Unescape(websafe, &decoded));
+    EXPECT_EQ(decoded, tc.plaintext);
+  }
+
+  // Now try the long strings, this tests the streaming
+  for (const auto& tc : base64_strings) {
+    std::string buffer;
+    absl::WebSafeBase64Escape(tc.plaintext, &buffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(tc.cyphertext, buffer);
+  }
+
+  // Verify the behavior when decoding bad data
+  {
+    absl::string_view data_set[] = {"ab-/", absl::string_view("\0bcd", 4),
+                                    absl::string_view("abc.\0", 5)};
+    for (absl::string_view bad_data : data_set) {
+      std::string buf;
+      EXPECT_FALSE(absl::Base64Unescape(bad_data, &buf));
+      EXPECT_FALSE(absl::WebSafeBase64Unescape(bad_data, &buf));
+      EXPECT_TRUE(buf.empty());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Base64, DISABLED_HugeData) {
+  const size_t kSize = size_t(3) * 1000 * 1000 * 1000;
+  static_assert(kSize % 3 == 0, "kSize must be divisible by 3");
+  const std::string huge(kSize, 'x');
+
+  std::string escaped;
+  absl::Base64Escape(huge, &escaped);
+
+  // Generates the std::string that should match a base64 encoded "xxx..." std::string.
+  // "xxx" in base64 is "eHh4".
+  std::string expected_encoding;
+  expected_encoding.reserve(kSize / 3 * 4);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < kSize / 3; ++i) {
+    expected_encoding.append("eHh4");
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected_encoding, escaped);
+
+  std::string unescaped;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::Base64Unescape(escaped, &unescaped));
+  EXPECT_EQ(huge, unescaped);
+}
+
+TEST(HexAndBack, HexStringToBytes_and_BytesToHexString) {
+  std::string hex_mixed = "0123456789abcdefABCDEF";
+  std::string bytes_expected = "\x01\x23\x45\x67\x89\xab\xcd\xef\xAB\xCD\xEF";
+  std::string hex_only_lower = "0123456789abcdefabcdef";
+
+  std::string bytes_result = absl::HexStringToBytes(hex_mixed);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bytes_expected, bytes_result);
+
+  std::string prefix_valid = hex_mixed + "?";
+  std::string prefix_valid_result = absl::HexStringToBytes(
+      absl::string_view(prefix_valid.data(), prefix_valid.size() - 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(bytes_expected, prefix_valid_result);
+
+  std::string infix_valid = "?" + hex_mixed + "???";
+  std::string infix_valid_result = absl::HexStringToBytes(
+      absl::string_view(infix_valid.data() + 1, hex_mixed.size()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(bytes_expected, infix_valid_result);
+
+  std::string hex_result = absl::BytesToHexString(bytes_expected);
+  EXPECT_EQ(hex_only_lower, hex_result);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d92963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map.h
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Character Map Class
+//
+// A fast, bit-vector map for 8-bit unsigned characters.
+// This class is useful for non-character purposes as well.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_CHAR_MAP_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_CHAR_MAP_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+class Charmap {
+ public:
+  constexpr Charmap() : m_() {}
+
+  // Initializes with a given char*.  Note that NUL is not treated as
+  // a terminator, but rather a char to be flicked.
+  Charmap(const char* str, int len) : m_() {
+    while (len--) SetChar(*str++);
+  }
+
+  // Initializes with a given char*.  NUL is treated as a terminator
+  // and will not be in the charmap.
+  explicit Charmap(const char* str) : m_() {
+    while (*str) SetChar(*str++);
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool contains(unsigned char c) const {
+    return (m_[c / 64] >> (c % 64)) & 0x1;
+  }
+
+  // Returns true if and only if a character exists in both maps.
+  bool IntersectsWith(const Charmap& c) const {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(m_); ++i) {
+      if ((m_[i] & c.m_[i]) != 0) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool IsZero() const {
+    for (uint64_t c : m_) {
+      if (c != 0) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Containing only a single specified char.
+  static constexpr Charmap Char(char x) {
+    return Charmap(CharMaskForWord(x, 0), CharMaskForWord(x, 1),
+                   CharMaskForWord(x, 2), CharMaskForWord(x, 3));
+  }
+
+  // Containing all the chars in the C-std::string 's'.
+  // Note that this is expensively recursive because of the C++11 constexpr
+  // formulation. Use only in constexpr initializers.
+  static constexpr Charmap FromString(const char* s) {
+    return *s == 0 ? Charmap() : (Char(*s) | FromString(s + 1));
+  }
+
+  // Containing all the chars in the closed interval [lo,hi].
+  static constexpr Charmap Range(char lo, char hi) {
+    return Charmap(RangeForWord(lo, hi, 0), RangeForWord(lo, hi, 1),
+                   RangeForWord(lo, hi, 2), RangeForWord(lo, hi, 3));
+  }
+
+  friend constexpr Charmap operator&(const Charmap& a, const Charmap& b) {
+    return Charmap(a.m_[0] & b.m_[0], a.m_[1] & b.m_[1], a.m_[2] & b.m_[2],
+                   a.m_[3] & b.m_[3]);
+  }
+
+  friend constexpr Charmap operator|(const Charmap& a, const Charmap& b) {
+    return Charmap(a.m_[0] | b.m_[0], a.m_[1] | b.m_[1], a.m_[2] | b.m_[2],
+                   a.m_[3] | b.m_[3]);
+  }
+
+  friend constexpr Charmap operator~(const Charmap& a) {
+    return Charmap(~a.m_[0], ~a.m_[1], ~a.m_[2], ~a.m_[3]);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  constexpr Charmap(uint64_t b0, uint64_t b1, uint64_t b2, uint64_t b3)
+      : m_{b0, b1, b2, b3} {}
+
+  static constexpr uint64_t RangeForWord(unsigned char lo, unsigned char hi,
+                                         uint64_t word) {
+    return OpenRangeFromZeroForWord(hi + 1, word) &
+           ~OpenRangeFromZeroForWord(lo, word);
+  }
+
+  // All the chars in the specified word of the range [0, upper).
+  static constexpr uint64_t OpenRangeFromZeroForWord(uint64_t upper,
+                                                     uint64_t word) {
+    return (upper <= 64 * word)
+               ? 0
+               : (upper >= 64 * (word + 1))
+                     ? ~static_cast<uint64_t>(0)
+                     : (~static_cast<uint64_t>(0) >> (64 - upper % 64));
+  }
+
+  static constexpr uint64_t CharMaskForWord(unsigned char x, uint64_t word) {
+    return (x / 64 == word) ? (static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << (x % 64)) : 0;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  void SetChar(unsigned char c) {
+    m_[c / 64] |= static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << (c % 64);
+  }
+
+  uint64_t m_[4];
+};
+
+// Mirror the char-classifying predicates in <cctype>
+constexpr Charmap UpperCharmap() { return Charmap::Range('A', 'Z'); }
+constexpr Charmap LowerCharmap() { return Charmap::Range('a', 'z'); }
+constexpr Charmap DigitCharmap() { return Charmap::Range('0', '9'); }
+constexpr Charmap AlphaCharmap() { return LowerCharmap() | UpperCharmap(); }
+constexpr Charmap AlnumCharmap() { return DigitCharmap() | AlphaCharmap(); }
+constexpr Charmap XDigitCharmap() {
+  return DigitCharmap() | Charmap::Range('A', 'F') | Charmap::Range('a', 'f');
+}
+constexpr Charmap PrintCharmap() { return Charmap::Range(0x20, 0x7e); }
+constexpr Charmap SpaceCharmap() { return Charmap::FromString("\t\n\v\f\r "); }
+constexpr Charmap CntrlCharmap() {
+  return Charmap::Range(0, 0x7f) & ~PrintCharmap();
+}
+constexpr Charmap BlankCharmap() { return Charmap::FromString("\t "); }
+constexpr Charmap GraphCharmap() { return PrintCharmap() & ~SpaceCharmap(); }
+constexpr Charmap PunctCharmap() { return GraphCharmap() & ~AlnumCharmap(); }
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_CHAR_MAP_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3601e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/char_map_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/char_map.h"
+
+#include <cctype>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap everything_map =
+    ~absl::strings_internal::Charmap();
+constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap nothing_map{};
+
+TEST(Charmap, AllTests) {
+  const absl::strings_internal::Charmap also_nothing_map("", 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(everything_map.contains('\0'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!nothing_map.contains('\0'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!also_nothing_map.contains('\0'));
+  for (unsigned char ch = 1; ch != 0; ++ch) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(everything_map.contains(ch));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(!nothing_map.contains(ch));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(!also_nothing_map.contains(ch));
+  }
+
+  const absl::strings_internal::Charmap symbols("&@#@^!@?", 5);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(symbols.contains('&'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(symbols.contains('@'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(symbols.contains('#'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(symbols.contains('^'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!symbols.contains('!'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!symbols.contains('?'));
+  int cnt = 0;
+  for (unsigned char ch = 1; ch != 0; ++ch)
+    cnt += symbols.contains(ch);
+  ASSERT_EQ(cnt, 4);
+
+  const absl::strings_internal::Charmap lets("^abcde", 3);
+  const absl::strings_internal::Charmap lets2("fghij\0klmnop", 10);
+  const absl::strings_internal::Charmap lets3("fghij\0klmnop");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(lets2.contains('k'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!lets3.contains('k'));
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(symbols.IntersectsWith(lets));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!lets2.IntersectsWith(lets));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(lets.IntersectsWith(symbols));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!lets.IntersectsWith(lets2));
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(nothing_map.IsZero());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!lets.IsZero());
+}
+
+namespace {
+std::string Members(const absl::strings_internal::Charmap& m) {
+  std::string r;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
+    if (m.contains(i)) r.push_back(i);
+  return r;
+}
+
+std::string ClosedRangeString(unsigned char lo, unsigned char hi) {
+  // Don't depend on lo<hi. Just increment until lo==hi.
+  std::string s;
+  while (true) {
+    s.push_back(lo);
+    if (lo == hi) break;
+    ++lo;
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+TEST(Charmap, Constexpr) {
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kEmpty = nothing_map;
+  EXPECT_THAT(Members(kEmpty), "");
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kA =
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Char('A');
+  EXPECT_THAT(Members(kA), "A");
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kAZ =
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range('A', 'Z');
+  EXPECT_THAT(Members(kAZ), "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kIdentifier =
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range('0', '9') |
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range('A', 'Z') |
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range('a', 'z') |
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Char('_');
+  EXPECT_THAT(Members(kIdentifier),
+              "0123456789"
+              "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+              "_"
+              "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kAll = everything_map;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(kAll.contains(i)) << i;
+  }
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kHello =
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::FromString("Hello, world!");
+  EXPECT_THAT(Members(kHello), " !,Hdelorw");
+
+  // test negation and intersection
+  constexpr absl::strings_internal::Charmap kABC =
+      absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range('A', 'Z') &
+      ~absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range('D', 'Z');
+  EXPECT_THAT(Members(kABC), "ABC");
+}
+
+TEST(Charmap, Range) {
+  // Exhaustive testing takes too long, so test some of the boundaries that
+  // are perhaps going to cause trouble.
+  std::vector<size_t> poi = {0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   7,   8,   9,  15,
+                             16,  17,  30,  31,  32,  33,  63,  64, 65,
+                             127, 128, 129, 223, 224, 225, 254, 255};
+  for (auto lo = poi.begin(); lo != poi.end(); ++lo) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE(*lo);
+    for (auto hi = lo; hi != poi.end(); ++hi) {
+      SCOPED_TRACE(*hi);
+      EXPECT_THAT(Members(absl::strings_internal::Charmap::Range(*lo, *hi)),
+                  ClosedRangeString(*lo, *hi));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+bool AsBool(int x) { return static_cast<bool>(x); }
+
+TEST(CharmapCtype, Match) {
+  for (int c = 0; c < 256; ++c) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE(c);
+    SCOPED_TRACE(static_cast<char>(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isupper(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::UpperCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::islower(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::LowerCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isdigit(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::DigitCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isalpha(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::AlphaCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isalnum(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::AlnumCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isxdigit(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::XDigitCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isprint(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::PrintCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isspace(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::SpaceCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::iscntrl(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::CntrlCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isblank(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::BlankCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::isgraph(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::GraphCharmap().contains(c));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AsBool(std::ispunct(c)),
+              absl::strings_internal::PunctCharmap().contains(c));
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/escaping_test_common.inc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/escaping_test_common.inc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f29140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/escaping_test_common.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// This test contains common things needed by both escaping_test.cc and
+// escaping_benchmark.cc.
+
+namespace {
+
+struct {
+  absl::string_view plaintext;
+  absl::string_view cyphertext;
+} const base64_strings[] = {
+  // Some google quotes
+  // Cyphertext created with "uuencode (GNU sharutils) 4.6.3"
+  // (Note that we're testing the websafe encoding, though, so if
+  // you add messages, be sure to run "tr -- '+/' '-_'" on the output)
+  { "I was always good at math and science, and I never realized "
+    "that was unusual or somehow undesirable. So one of the things "
+    "I care a lot about is helping to remove that stigma, "
+    "to show girls that you can be feminine, you can like the things "
+    "that girls like, but you can also be really good at technology. "
+    "You can be really good at building things."
+    " - Marissa Meyer, Newsweek, 2010-12-22" "\n",
+
+    "SSB3YXMgYWx3YXlzIGdvb2QgYXQgbWF0aCBhbmQgc2NpZW5jZSwgYW5kIEkg"
+    "bmV2ZXIgcmVhbGl6ZWQgdGhhdCB3YXMgdW51c3VhbCBvciBzb21laG93IHVu"
+    "ZGVzaXJhYmxlLiBTbyBvbmUgb2YgdGhlIHRoaW5ncyBJIGNhcmUgYSBsb3Qg"
+    "YWJvdXQgaXMgaGVscGluZyB0byByZW1vdmUgdGhhdCBzdGlnbWEsIHRvIHNo"
+    "b3cgZ2lybHMgdGhhdCB5b3UgY2FuIGJlIGZlbWluaW5lLCB5b3UgY2FuIGxp"
+    "a2UgdGhlIHRoaW5ncyB0aGF0IGdpcmxzIGxpa2UsIGJ1dCB5b3UgY2FuIGFs"
+    "c28gYmUgcmVhbGx5IGdvb2QgYXQgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gWW91IGNhbiBiZSBy"
+    "ZWFsbHkgZ29vZCBhdCBidWlsZGluZyB0aGluZ3MuIC0gTWFyaXNzYSBNZXll"
+    "ciwgTmV3c3dlZWssIDIwMTAtMTItMjIK" },
+
+  { "Typical first year for a new cluster: "
+    "~0.5 overheating "
+    "~1 PDU failure "
+    "~1 rack-move "
+    "~1 network rewiring "
+    "~20 rack failures "
+    "~5 racks go wonky "
+    "~8 network maintenances "
+    "~12 router reloads "
+    "~3 router failures "
+    "~dozens of minor 30-second blips for dns "
+    "~1000 individual machine failures "
+    "~thousands of hard drive failures "
+    "slow disks, bad memory, misconfigured machines, flaky machines, etc."
+    " - Jeff Dean, The Joys of Real Hardware" "\n",
+
+    "VHlwaWNhbCBmaXJzdCB5ZWFyIGZvciBhIG5ldyBjbHVzdGVyOiB-MC41IG92"
+    "ZXJoZWF0aW5nIH4xIFBEVSBmYWlsdXJlIH4xIHJhY2stbW92ZSB-MSBuZXR3"
+    "b3JrIHJld2lyaW5nIH4yMCByYWNrIGZhaWx1cmVzIH41IHJhY2tzIGdvIHdv"
+    "bmt5IH44IG5ldHdvcmsgbWFpbnRlbmFuY2VzIH4xMiByb3V0ZXIgcmVsb2Fk"
+    "cyB-MyByb3V0ZXIgZmFpbHVyZXMgfmRvemVucyBvZiBtaW5vciAzMC1zZWNv"
+    "bmQgYmxpcHMgZm9yIGRucyB-MTAwMCBpbmRpdmlkdWFsIG1hY2hpbmUgZmFp"
+    "bHVyZXMgfnRob3VzYW5kcyBvZiBoYXJkIGRyaXZlIGZhaWx1cmVzIHNsb3cg"
+    "ZGlza3MsIGJhZCBtZW1vcnksIG1pc2NvbmZpZ3VyZWQgbWFjaGluZXMsIGZs"
+    "YWt5IG1hY2hpbmVzLCBldGMuIC0gSmVmZiBEZWFuLCBUaGUgSm95cyBvZiBS"
+    "ZWFsIEhhcmR3YXJlCg" },
+
+  { "I'm the head of the webspam team at Google.  "
+    "That means that if you type your name into Google and get porn back, "
+    "it's my fault. Unless you're a porn star, in which case porn is a "
+    "completely reasonable response."
+    " - Matt Cutts, Google Plus" "\n",
+
+    "SSdtIHRoZSBoZWFkIG9mIHRoZSB3ZWJzcGFtIHRlYW0gYXQgR29vZ2xlLiAg"
+    "VGhhdCBtZWFucyB0aGF0IGlmIHlvdSB0eXBlIHlvdXIgbmFtZSBpbnRvIEdv"
+    "b2dsZSBhbmQgZ2V0IHBvcm4gYmFjaywgaXQncyBteSBmYXVsdC4gVW5sZXNz"
+    "IHlvdSdyZSBhIHBvcm4gc3RhciwgaW4gd2hpY2ggY2FzZSBwb3JuIGlzIGEg"
+    "Y29tcGxldGVseSByZWFzb25hYmxlIHJlc3BvbnNlLiAtIE1hdHQgQ3V0dHMs"
+    "IEdvb2dsZSBQbHVzCg" },
+
+  { "It will still be a long time before machines approach human intelligence. "
+    "But luckily, machines don't actually have to be intelligent; "
+    "they just have to fake it. Access to a wealth of information, "
+    "combined with a rudimentary decision-making capacity, "
+    "can often be almost as useful. Of course, the results are better yet "
+    "when coupled with intelligence. A reference librarian with access to "
+    "a good search engine is a formidable tool."
+    " - Craig Silverstein, Siemens Pictures of the Future, Spring 2004" "\n",
+
+    "SXQgd2lsbCBzdGlsbCBiZSBhIGxvbmcgdGltZSBiZWZvcmUgbWFjaGluZXMg"
+    "YXBwcm9hY2ggaHVtYW4gaW50ZWxsaWdlbmNlLiBCdXQgbHVja2lseSwgbWFj"
+    "aGluZXMgZG9uJ3QgYWN0dWFsbHkgaGF2ZSB0byBiZSBpbnRlbGxpZ2VudDsg"
+    "dGhleSBqdXN0IGhhdmUgdG8gZmFrZSBpdC4gQWNjZXNzIHRvIGEgd2VhbHRo"
+    "IG9mIGluZm9ybWF0aW9uLCBjb21iaW5lZCB3aXRoIGEgcnVkaW1lbnRhcnkg"
+    "ZGVjaXNpb24tbWFraW5nIGNhcGFjaXR5LCBjYW4gb2Z0ZW4gYmUgYWxtb3N0"
+    "IGFzIHVzZWZ1bC4gT2YgY291cnNlLCB0aGUgcmVzdWx0cyBhcmUgYmV0dGVy"
+    "IHlldCB3aGVuIGNvdXBsZWQgd2l0aCBpbnRlbGxpZ2VuY2UuIEEgcmVmZXJl"
+    "bmNlIGxpYnJhcmlhbiB3aXRoIGFjY2VzcyB0byBhIGdvb2Qgc2VhcmNoIGVu"
+    "Z2luZSBpcyBhIGZvcm1pZGFibGUgdG9vbC4gLSBDcmFpZyBTaWx2ZXJzdGVp"
+    "biwgU2llbWVucyBQaWN0dXJlcyBvZiB0aGUgRnV0dXJlLCBTcHJpbmcgMjAw"
+    "NAo" },
+
+  // Degenerate edge case
+  { "",
+    "" },
+};
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/numbers_test_common.inc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/numbers_test_common.inc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81d2a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/numbers_test_common.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// This file contains common things needed by numbers_test.cc,
+// numbers_legacy_test.cc and numbers_benchmark.cc.
+
+namespace {
+
+template <typename IntType>
+bool Itoa(IntType value, int base, std::string* destination) {
+  destination->clear();
+  if (base <= 1 || base > 36) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (value == 0) {
+    destination->push_back('0');
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  bool negative = value < 0;
+  while (value != 0) {
+    const IntType next_value = value / base;
+    // Can't use std::abs here because of problems when IntType is unsigned.
+    int remainder = value > next_value * base ? value - next_value * base
+                                              : next_value * base - value;
+    char c = remainder < 10 ? '0' + remainder : 'A' + remainder - 10;
+    destination->insert(0, 1, c);
+    value = next_value;
+  }
+
+  if (negative) {
+    destination->insert(0, 1, '-');
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+struct uint32_test_case {
+  const char* str;
+  bool expect_ok;
+  int base;  // base to pass to the conversion function
+  uint32_t expected;
+} const strtouint32_test_cases[] = {
+    {"0xffffffff", true, 16, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()},
+    {"0x34234324", true, 16, 0x34234324},
+    {"34234324", true, 16, 0x34234324},
+    {"0", true, 16, 0},
+    {" \t\n 0xffffffff", true, 16, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()},
+    {" \f\v 46", true, 10, 46},  // must accept weird whitespace
+    {" \t\n 72717222", true, 8, 072717222},
+    {" \t\n 072717222", true, 8, 072717222},
+    {" \t\n 072717228", false, 8, 07271722},
+    {"0", true, 0, 0},
+
+    // Base-10 version.
+    {"34234324", true, 0, 34234324},
+    {"4294967295", true, 0, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()},
+    {"34234324 \n\t", true, 10, 34234324},
+
+    // Unusual base
+    {"0", true, 3, 0},
+    {"2", true, 3, 2},
+    {"11", true, 3, 4},
+
+    // Invalid uints.
+    {"", false, 0, 0},
+    {"  ", false, 0, 0},
+    {"abc", false, 0, 0},  // would be valid hex, but prefix is missing
+    {"34234324a", false, 0, 34234324},
+    {"34234.3", false, 0, 34234},
+    {"-1", false, 0, 0},
+    {"   -123", false, 0, 0},
+    {" \t\n -123", false, 0, 0},
+
+    // Out of bounds.
+    {"4294967296", false, 0, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()},
+    {"0x100000000", false, 0, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()},
+    {nullptr, false, 0, 0},
+};
+
+struct uint64_test_case {
+  const char* str;
+  bool expect_ok;
+  int base;
+  uint64_t expected;
+} const strtouint64_test_cases[] = {
+    {"0x3423432448783446", true, 16, int64_t{0x3423432448783446}},
+    {"3423432448783446", true, 16, int64_t{0x3423432448783446}},
+
+    {"0", true, 16, 0},
+    {"000", true, 0, 0},
+    {"0", true, 0, 0},
+    {" \t\n 0xffffffffffffffff", true, 16,
+     std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()},
+
+    {"012345670123456701234", true, 8, int64_t{012345670123456701234}},
+    {"12345670123456701234", true, 8, int64_t{012345670123456701234}},
+
+    {"12845670123456701234", false, 8, 0},
+
+    // Base-10 version.
+    {"34234324487834466", true, 0, int64_t{34234324487834466}},
+
+    {" \t\n 18446744073709551615", true, 0,
+     std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()},
+
+    {"34234324487834466 \n\t ", true, 0, int64_t{34234324487834466}},
+
+    {" \f\v 46", true, 10, 46},  // must accept weird whitespace
+
+    // Unusual base
+    {"0", true, 3, 0},
+    {"2", true, 3, 2},
+    {"11", true, 3, 4},
+
+    {"0", true, 0, 0},
+
+    // Invalid uints.
+    {"", false, 0, 0},
+    {"  ", false, 0, 0},
+    {"abc", false, 0, 0},
+    {"34234324487834466a", false, 0, 0},
+    {"34234487834466.3", false, 0, 0},
+    {"-1", false, 0, 0},
+    {"   -123", false, 0, 0},
+    {" \t\n -123", false, 0, 0},
+
+    // Out of bounds.
+    {"18446744073709551616", false, 10, 0},
+    {"18446744073709551616", false, 0, 0},
+    {"0x10000000000000000", false, 16, std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()},
+    {"0X10000000000000000", false, 16,
+     std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()},  // 0X versus 0x.
+    {"0x10000000000000000", false, 0, std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()},
+    {"0X10000000000000000", false, 0,
+     std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()},  // 0X versus 0x.
+
+    {"0x1234", true, 16, 0x1234},
+
+    // Base-10 std::string version.
+    {"1234", true, 0, 1234},
+    {nullptr, false, 0, 0},
+};
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ee2b10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+OStringStream::Buf::int_type OStringStream::overflow(int c) {
+  assert(s_);
+  if (!Buf::traits_type::eq_int_type(c, Buf::traits_type::eof()))
+    s_->push_back(static_cast<char>(c));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+std::streamsize OStringStream::xsputn(const char* s, std::streamsize n) {
+  assert(s_);
+  s_->append(s, n);
+  return n;
+}
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e1325b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_OSTRINGSTREAM_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_OSTRINGSTREAM_H_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <streambuf>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+// The same as std::ostringstream but appends to a user-specified std::string,
+// and is faster. It is ~70% faster to create, ~50% faster to write to, and
+// completely free to extract the result std::string.
+//
+//   std::string s;
+//   OStringStream strm(&s);
+//   strm << 42 << ' ' << 3.14;  // appends to `s`
+//
+// The stream object doesn't have to be named. Starting from C++11 operator<<
+// works with rvalues of std::ostream.
+//
+//   std::string s;
+//   OStringStream(&s) << 42 << ' ' << 3.14;  // appends to `s`
+//
+// OStringStream is faster to create than std::ostringstream but it's still
+// relatively slow. Avoid creating multiple streams where a single stream will
+// do.
+//
+// Creates unnecessary instances of OStringStream: slow.
+//
+//   std::string s;
+//   OStringStream(&s) << 42;
+//   OStringStream(&s) << ' ';
+//   OStringStream(&s) << 3.14;
+//
+// Creates a single instance of OStringStream and reuses it: fast.
+//
+//   std::string s;
+//   OStringStream strm(&s);
+//   strm << 42;
+//   strm << ' ';
+//   strm << 3.14;
+//
+// Note: flush() has no effect. No reason to call it.
+class OStringStream : private std::basic_streambuf<char>, public std::ostream {
+ public:
+  // The argument can be null, in which case you'll need to call str(p) with a
+  // non-null argument before you can write to the stream.
+  //
+  // The destructor of OStringStream doesn't use the std::string. It's OK to destroy
+  // the std::string before the stream.
+  explicit OStringStream(std::string* s) : std::ostream(this), s_(s) {}
+
+  std::string* str() { return s_; }
+  const std::string* str() const { return s_; }
+  void str(std::string* s) { s_ = s; }
+
+ private:
+  using Buf = std::basic_streambuf<char>;
+
+  Buf::int_type overflow(int c) override;
+  std::streamsize xsputn(const char* s, std::streamsize n) override;
+
+  std::string* s_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_OSTRINGSTREAM_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..069a0e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/ostringstream_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+TEST(OStringStream, IsOStream) {
+  static_assert(
+      std::is_base_of<std::ostream, absl::strings_internal::OStringStream>(),
+      "");
+}
+
+TEST(OStringStream, ConstructDestroy) {
+  {
+    absl::strings_internal::OStringStream strm(nullptr);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, strm.str());
+  }
+  {
+    std::string s = "abc";
+    {
+      absl::strings_internal::OStringStream strm(&s);
+      EXPECT_EQ(&s, strm.str());
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc", s);
+  }
+  {
+    std::unique_ptr<std::string> s(new std::string);
+    absl::strings_internal::OStringStream strm(s.get());
+    s.reset();
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(OStringStream, Str) {
+  std::string s1;
+  absl::strings_internal::OStringStream strm(&s1);
+  const absl::strings_internal::OStringStream& c_strm(strm);
+
+  static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(strm.str()), std::string*>(), "");
+  static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(c_strm.str()), const std::string*>(), "");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(&s1, strm.str());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&s1, c_strm.str());
+
+  strm.str(&s1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&s1, strm.str());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&s1, c_strm.str());
+
+  std::string s2;
+  strm.str(&s2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&s2, strm.str());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&s2, c_strm.str());
+
+  strm.str(nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, strm.str());
+  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, c_strm.str());
+}
+
+TEST(OStreamStream, WriteToLValue) {
+  std::string s = "abc";
+  {
+    absl::strings_internal::OStringStream strm(&s);
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc", s);
+    strm << "";
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc", s);
+    strm << 42;
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc42", s);
+    strm << 'x' << 'y';
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc42xy", s);
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ("abc42xy", s);
+}
+
+TEST(OStreamStream, WriteToRValue) {
+  std::string s = "abc";
+  absl::strings_internal::OStringStream(&s) << "";
+  EXPECT_EQ("abc", s);
+  absl::strings_internal::OStringStream(&s) << 42;
+  EXPECT_EQ("abc42", s);
+  absl::strings_internal::OStringStream(&s) << 'x' << 'y';
+  EXPECT_EQ("abc42xy", s);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/stl_type_traits.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/stl_type_traits.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c3d877
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/stl_type_traits.h
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+// Thie file provides the IsStrictlyBaseOfAndConvertibleToSTLContainer type
+// trait metafunction to assist in working with the _GLIBCXX_DEBUG debug
+// wrappers of STL containers.
+//
+// DO NOT INCLUDE THIS FILE DIRECTLY. Use this file by including
+// absl/strings/str_split.h.
+//
+// IWYU pragma: private, include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STL_TYPE_TRAITS_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STL_TYPE_TRAITS_H_
+
+#include <array>
+#include <bitset>
+#include <deque>
+#include <forward_list>
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "absl/meta/type_traits.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+template <typename C, template <typename...> class T>
+struct IsSpecializationImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <typename...> class T, typename... Args>
+struct IsSpecializationImpl<T<Args...>, T> : std::true_type {};
+template <typename C, template <typename...> class T>
+using IsSpecialization = IsSpecializationImpl<absl::decay_t<C>, T>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsArrayImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <typename, size_t> class A, typename T, size_t N>
+struct IsArrayImpl<A<T, N>> : std::is_same<A<T, N>, std::array<T, N>> {};
+template <typename C>
+using IsArray = IsArrayImpl<absl::decay_t<C>>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsBitsetImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <size_t> class B, size_t N>
+struct IsBitsetImpl<B<N>> : std::is_same<B<N>, std::bitset<N>> {};
+template <typename C>
+using IsBitset = IsBitsetImpl<absl::decay_t<C>>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsSTLContainer
+    : absl::disjunction<
+          IsArray<C>, IsBitset<C>, IsSpecialization<C, std::deque>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::forward_list>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::list>, IsSpecialization<C, std::map>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::multimap>, IsSpecialization<C, std::set>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::multiset>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::unordered_map>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::unordered_multimap>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::unordered_set>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::unordered_multiset>,
+          IsSpecialization<C, std::vector>> {};
+
+template <typename C, template <typename...> class T, typename = void>
+struct IsBaseOfSpecializationImpl : std::false_type {};
+// IsBaseOfSpecializationImpl must have three partial specializations,
+// because we must only compare templates that take the same number of
+// arguments. Otherwise, for example, std::vector can be compared with std::map,
+// and fail to compile because of too few or too many template arguments.
+//
+// We must also SFINAE on the existence of an allocator_type. Otherwise, we may
+// try to compare, for example, a std::pair<std::string, std::string> with a
+// std::vector<std::string, std:std::string>. This would fail to compile, because
+// of expected properties of the type passed in as the allocator.
+template <template <typename, typename> class U,
+          template <typename, typename> class T, typename... Args>
+struct IsBaseOfSpecializationImpl<
+    U<Args...>, T, absl::void_t<typename U<Args...>::allocator_type>>
+    : std::is_base_of<U<Args...>, T<Args...>> {};
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class U,
+          template <typename, typename, typename> class T, typename... Args>
+struct IsBaseOfSpecializationImpl<
+    U<Args...>, T, absl::void_t<typename U<Args...>::allocator_type>>
+    : std::is_base_of<U<Args...>, T<Args...>> {};
+template <template <typename, typename, typename, typename> class U,
+          template <typename, typename, typename, typename> class T,
+          typename... Args>
+struct IsBaseOfSpecializationImpl<
+    U<Args...>, T, absl::void_t<typename U<Args...>::allocator_type>>
+    : std::is_base_of<U<Args...>, T<Args...>> {};
+template <typename C, template <typename...> class T>
+using IsBaseOfSpecialization = IsBaseOfSpecializationImpl<absl::decay_t<C>, T>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsBaseOfArrayImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <typename, size_t> class A, typename T, size_t N>
+struct IsBaseOfArrayImpl<A<T, N>> : std::is_base_of<A<T, N>, std::array<T, N>> {
+};
+template <typename C>
+using IsBaseOfArray = IsBaseOfArrayImpl<absl::decay_t<C>>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsBaseOfBitsetImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <size_t> class B, size_t N>
+struct IsBaseOfBitsetImpl<B<N>> : std::is_base_of<B<N>, std::bitset<N>> {};
+template <typename C>
+using IsBaseOfBitset = IsBaseOfBitsetImpl<absl::decay_t<C>>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsBaseOfSTLContainer
+    : absl::disjunction<IsBaseOfArray<C>, IsBaseOfBitset<C>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::deque>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::forward_list>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::list>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::map>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::multimap>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::set>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::multiset>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::unordered_map>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::unordered_multimap>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::unordered_set>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::unordered_multiset>,
+                        IsBaseOfSpecialization<C, std::vector>> {};
+
+template <typename C, template <typename...> class T, typename = void>
+struct IsConvertibleToSpecializationImpl : std::false_type {};
+// IsConvertibleToSpecializationImpl must have three partial specializations,
+// because we must only compare templates that take the same number of
+// arguments. Otherwise, for example, std::vector can be compared with std::map,
+// and fail to compile because of too few or too many template arguments.
+//
+// We must also SFINAE on the existence of an allocator_type. Otherwise, we may
+// try to compare, for example, a std::pair<std::string, std::string> with a
+// std::vector<std::string, std:std::string>. This would fail to compile, because
+// of expected properties of the type passed in as the allocator.
+template <template <typename, typename> class U,
+          template <typename, typename> class T, typename... Args>
+struct IsConvertibleToSpecializationImpl<
+    U<Args...>, T, absl::void_t<typename U<Args...>::allocator_type>>
+    : std::is_convertible<U<Args...>, T<Args...>> {};
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class U,
+          template <typename, typename, typename> class T, typename... Args>
+struct IsConvertibleToSpecializationImpl<
+    U<Args...>, T, absl::void_t<typename U<Args...>::allocator_type>>
+    : std::is_convertible<U<Args...>, T<Args...>> {};
+template <template <typename, typename, typename, typename> class U,
+          template <typename, typename, typename, typename> class T,
+          typename... Args>
+struct IsConvertibleToSpecializationImpl<
+    U<Args...>, T, absl::void_t<typename U<Args...>::allocator_type>>
+    : std::is_convertible<U<Args...>, T<Args...>> {};
+template <typename C, template <typename...> class T>
+using IsConvertibleToSpecialization =
+    IsConvertibleToSpecializationImpl<absl::decay_t<C>, T>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsConvertibleToArrayImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <typename, size_t> class A, typename T, size_t N>
+struct IsConvertibleToArrayImpl<A<T, N>>
+    : std::is_convertible<A<T, N>, std::array<T, N>> {};
+template <typename C>
+using IsConvertibleToArray = IsConvertibleToArrayImpl<absl::decay_t<C>>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsConvertibleToBitsetImpl : std::false_type {};
+template <template <size_t> class B, size_t N>
+struct IsConvertibleToBitsetImpl<B<N>>
+    : std::is_convertible<B<N>, std::bitset<N>> {};
+template <typename C>
+using IsConvertibleToBitset = IsConvertibleToBitsetImpl<absl::decay_t<C>>;
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsConvertibleToSTLContainer
+    : absl::disjunction<
+          IsConvertibleToArray<C>, IsConvertibleToBitset<C>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::deque>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::forward_list>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::list>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::map>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::multimap>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::set>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::multiset>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::unordered_map>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::unordered_multimap>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::unordered_set>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::unordered_multiset>,
+          IsConvertibleToSpecialization<C, std::vector>> {};
+
+template <typename C>
+struct IsStrictlyBaseOfAndConvertibleToSTLContainer
+    : absl::conjunction<absl::negation<IsSTLContainer<C>>,
+                        IsBaseOfSTLContainer<C>,
+                        IsConvertibleToSTLContainer<C>> {};
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STL_TYPE_TRAITS_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_join_internal.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_join_internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5fdc28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_join_internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+// This file declares INTERNAL parts of the Join API that are inlined/templated
+// or otherwise need to be available at compile time. The main abstractions
+// defined in this file are:
+//
+//   - A handful of default Formatters
+//   - JoinAlgorithm() overloads
+//   - JoinRange() overloads
+//   - JoinTuple()
+//
+// DO NOT INCLUDE THIS FILE DIRECTLY. Use this file by including
+// absl/strings/str_join.h
+//
+// IWYU pragma: private, include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STR_JOIN_INTERNAL_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STR_JOIN_INTERNAL_H_
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/ostringstream.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/resize_uninitialized.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+//
+// Formatter objects
+//
+// The following are implementation classes for standard Formatter objects. The
+// factory functions that users will call to create and use these formatters are
+// defined and documented in strings/join.h.
+//
+
+// The default formatter. Converts alpha-numeric types to strings.
+struct AlphaNumFormatterImpl {
+  // This template is needed in order to support passing in a dereferenced
+  // vector<bool>::iterator
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const T& t) const {
+    StrAppend(out, AlphaNum(t));
+  }
+
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const AlphaNum& t) const {
+    StrAppend(out, t);
+  }
+};
+
+// A type that's used to overload the JoinAlgorithm() function (defined below)
+// for ranges that do not require additional formatting (e.g., a range of
+// strings).
+
+struct NoFormatter : public AlphaNumFormatterImpl {};
+
+// Formats types to strings using the << operator.
+class StreamFormatterImpl {
+ public:
+  // The method isn't const because it mutates state. Making it const will
+  // render StreamFormatterImpl thread-hostile.
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const T& t) {
+    // The stream is created lazily to avoid paying the relatively high cost
+    // of its construction when joining an empty range.
+    if (strm_) {
+      strm_->clear();  // clear the bad, fail and eof bits in case they were set
+      strm_->str(out);
+    } else {
+      strm_.reset(new strings_internal::OStringStream(out));
+    }
+    *strm_ << t;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  std::unique_ptr<strings_internal::OStringStream> strm_;
+};
+
+// Formats a std::pair<>. The 'first' member is formatted using f1_ and the
+// 'second' member is formatted using f2_. sep_ is the separator.
+template <typename F1, typename F2>
+class PairFormatterImpl {
+ public:
+  PairFormatterImpl(F1 f1, absl::string_view sep, F2 f2)
+      : f1_(std::move(f1)), sep_(sep), f2_(std::move(f2)) {}
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const T& p) {
+    f1_(out, p.first);
+    out->append(sep_);
+    f2_(out, p.second);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const T& p) const {
+    f1_(out, p.first);
+    out->append(sep_);
+    f2_(out, p.second);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  F1 f1_;
+  std::string sep_;
+  F2 f2_;
+};
+
+// Wraps another formatter and dereferences the argument to operator() then
+// passes the dereferenced argument to the wrapped formatter. This can be
+// useful, for example, to join a std::vector<int*>.
+template <typename Formatter>
+class DereferenceFormatterImpl {
+ public:
+  DereferenceFormatterImpl() : f_() {}
+  explicit DereferenceFormatterImpl(Formatter&& f)
+      : f_(std::forward<Formatter>(f)) {}
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const T& t) {
+    f_(out, *t);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const T& t) const {
+    f_(out, *t);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  Formatter f_;
+};
+
+// DefaultFormatter<T> is a traits class that selects a default Formatter to use
+// for the given type T. The ::Type member names the Formatter to use. This is
+// used by the strings::Join() functions that do NOT take a Formatter argument,
+// in which case a default Formatter must be chosen.
+//
+// AlphaNumFormatterImpl is the default in the base template, followed by
+// specializations for other types.
+template <typename ValueType>
+struct DefaultFormatter {
+  typedef AlphaNumFormatterImpl Type;
+};
+template <>
+struct DefaultFormatter<const char*> {
+  typedef AlphaNumFormatterImpl Type;
+};
+template <>
+struct DefaultFormatter<char*> {
+  typedef AlphaNumFormatterImpl Type;
+};
+template <>
+struct DefaultFormatter<std::string> {
+  typedef NoFormatter Type;
+};
+template <>
+struct DefaultFormatter<absl::string_view> {
+  typedef NoFormatter Type;
+};
+template <typename ValueType>
+struct DefaultFormatter<ValueType*> {
+  typedef DereferenceFormatterImpl<typename DefaultFormatter<ValueType>::Type>
+      Type;
+};
+
+template <typename ValueType>
+struct DefaultFormatter<std::unique_ptr<ValueType>>
+    : public DefaultFormatter<ValueType*> {};
+
+//
+// JoinAlgorithm() functions
+//
+
+// The main joining algorithm. This simply joins the elements in the given
+// iterator range, each separated by the given separator, into an output std::string,
+// and formats each element using the provided Formatter object.
+template <typename Iterator, typename Formatter>
+std::string JoinAlgorithm(Iterator start, Iterator end, absl::string_view s,
+                     Formatter&& f) {
+  std::string result;
+  absl::string_view sep("");
+  for (Iterator it = start; it != end; ++it) {
+    result.append(sep.data(), sep.size());
+    f(&result, *it);
+    sep = s;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+// A joining algorithm that's optimized for a forward iterator range of
+// std::string-like objects that do not need any additional formatting. This is to
+// optimize the common case of joining, say, a std::vector<std::string> or a
+// std::vector<absl::string_view>.
+//
+// This is an overload of the previous JoinAlgorithm() function. Here the
+// Formatter argument is of type NoFormatter. Since NoFormatter is an internal
+// type, this overload is only invoked when strings::Join() is called with a
+// range of std::string-like objects (e.g., std::string, absl::string_view), and an
+// explicit Formatter argument was NOT specified.
+//
+// The optimization is that the needed space will be reserved in the output
+// std::string to avoid the need to resize while appending. To do this, the iterator
+// range will be traversed twice: once to calculate the total needed size, and
+// then again to copy the elements and delimiters to the output std::string.
+template <typename Iterator,
+          typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_convertible<
+              typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::iterator_category,
+              std::forward_iterator_tag>::value>::type>
+std::string JoinAlgorithm(Iterator start, Iterator end, absl::string_view s,
+                     NoFormatter) {
+  std::string result;
+  if (start != end) {
+    // Sums size
+    size_t result_size = start->size();
+    for (Iterator it = start; ++it != end;) {
+      result_size += s.size();
+      result_size += it->size();
+    }
+
+    STLStringResizeUninitialized(&result, result_size);
+
+    // Joins strings
+    char* result_buf = &*result.begin();
+    memcpy(result_buf, start->data(), start->size());
+    result_buf += start->size();
+    for (Iterator it = start; ++it != end;) {
+      memcpy(result_buf, s.data(), s.size());
+      result_buf += s.size();
+      memcpy(result_buf, it->data(), it->size());
+      result_buf += it->size();
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+// JoinTupleLoop implements a loop over the elements of a std::tuple, which
+// are heterogeneous. The primary template matches the tuple interior case. It
+// continues the iteration after appending a separator (for nonzero indices)
+// and formatting an element of the tuple. The specialization for the I=N case
+// matches the end-of-tuple, and terminates the iteration.
+template <size_t I, size_t N>
+struct JoinTupleLoop {
+  template <typename Tup, typename Formatter>
+  void operator()(std::string* out, const Tup& tup, absl::string_view sep,
+                  Formatter&& fmt) {
+    if (I > 0) out->append(sep.data(), sep.size());
+    fmt(out, std::get<I>(tup));
+    JoinTupleLoop<I + 1, N>()(out, tup, sep, fmt);
+  }
+};
+template <size_t N>
+struct JoinTupleLoop<N, N> {
+  template <typename Tup, typename Formatter>
+  void operator()(std::string*, const Tup&, absl::string_view, Formatter&&) {}
+};
+
+template <typename... T, typename Formatter>
+std::string JoinAlgorithm(const std::tuple<T...>& tup, absl::string_view sep,
+                     Formatter&& fmt) {
+  std::string result;
+  JoinTupleLoop<0, sizeof...(T)>()(&result, tup, sep, fmt);
+  return result;
+}
+
+template <typename Iterator>
+std::string JoinRange(Iterator first, Iterator last, absl::string_view separator) {
+  // No formatter was explicitly given, so a default must be chosen.
+  typedef typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type ValueType;
+  typedef typename DefaultFormatter<ValueType>::Type Formatter;
+  return JoinAlgorithm(first, last, separator, Formatter());
+}
+
+template <typename Range, typename Formatter>
+std::string JoinRange(const Range& range, absl::string_view separator,
+                 Formatter&& fmt) {
+  using std::begin;
+  using std::end;
+  return JoinAlgorithm(begin(range), end(range), separator, fmt);
+}
+
+template <typename Range>
+std::string JoinRange(const Range& range, absl::string_view separator) {
+  using std::begin;
+  using std::end;
+  return JoinRange(begin(range), end(range), separator);
+}
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STR_JOIN_INTERNAL_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_split_internal.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_split_internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b10f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/str_split_internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+// This file declares INTERNAL parts of the Split API that are inline/templated
+// or otherwise need to be available at compile time. The main abstractions
+// defined in here are
+//
+//   - ConvertibleToStringView
+//   - SplitIterator<>
+//   - Splitter<>
+//
+// DO NOT INCLUDE THIS FILE DIRECTLY. Use this file by including
+// absl/strings/str_split.h.
+//
+// IWYU pragma: private, include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STR_SPLIT_INTERNAL_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STR_SPLIT_INTERNAL_H_
+
+#include <array>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <map>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+#include "absl/meta/type_traits.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
+#include "absl/strings/internal/stl_type_traits.h"
+#endif  // _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+// This class is implicitly constructible from everything that absl::string_view
+// is implicitly constructible from. If it's constructed from a temporary
+// std::string, the data is moved into a data member so its lifetime matches that of
+// the ConvertibleToStringView instance.
+class ConvertibleToStringView {
+ public:
+  ConvertibleToStringView(const char* s)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : value_(s) {}
+  ConvertibleToStringView(char* s) : value_(s) {}  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+  ConvertibleToStringView(absl::string_view s)     // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : value_(s) {}
+  ConvertibleToStringView(const std::string& s)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : value_(s) {}
+
+  // Matches rvalue strings and moves their data to a member.
+ConvertibleToStringView(std::string&& s)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+    : copy_(std::move(s)), value_(copy_) {}
+
+  ConvertibleToStringView(const ConvertibleToStringView& other)
+      : copy_(other.copy_),
+        value_(other.IsSelfReferential() ? copy_ : other.value_) {}
+
+  ConvertibleToStringView(ConvertibleToStringView&& other) {
+    StealMembers(std::move(other));
+  }
+
+  ConvertibleToStringView& operator=(ConvertibleToStringView other) {
+    StealMembers(std::move(other));
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  absl::string_view value() const { return value_; }
+
+ private:
+  // Returns true if ctsp's value refers to its internal copy_ member.
+  bool IsSelfReferential() const { return value_.data() == copy_.data(); }
+
+  void StealMembers(ConvertibleToStringView&& other) {
+    if (other.IsSelfReferential()) {
+      copy_ = std::move(other.copy_);
+      value_ = copy_;
+      other.value_ = other.copy_;
+    } else {
+      value_ = other.value_;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Holds the data moved from temporary std::string arguments. Declared first so
+  // that 'value' can refer to 'copy_'.
+  std::string copy_;
+  absl::string_view value_;
+};
+
+// An iterator that enumerates the parts of a std::string from a Splitter. The text
+// to be split, the Delimiter, and the Predicate are all taken from the given
+// Splitter object. Iterators may only be compared if they refer to the same
+// Splitter instance.
+//
+// This class is NOT part of the public splitting API.
+template <typename Splitter>
+class SplitIterator {
+ public:
+  using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
+  using value_type = absl::string_view;
+  using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
+  using pointer = const value_type*;
+  using reference = const value_type&;
+
+  enum State { kInitState, kLastState, kEndState };
+  SplitIterator(State state, const Splitter* splitter)
+      : pos_(0),
+        state_(state),
+        splitter_(splitter),
+        delimiter_(splitter->delimiter()),
+        predicate_(splitter->predicate()) {
+    // Hack to maintain backward compatibility. This one block makes it so an
+    // empty absl::string_view whose .data() happens to be nullptr behaves
+    // *differently* from an otherwise empty absl::string_view whose .data() is
+    // not nullptr. This is an undesirable difference in general, but this
+    // behavior is maintained to avoid breaking existing code that happens to
+    // depend on this old behavior/bug. Perhaps it will be fixed one day. The
+    // difference in behavior is as follows:
+    //   Split(absl::string_view(""), '-');  // {""}
+    //   Split(absl::string_view(), '-');    // {}
+    if (splitter_->text().data() == nullptr) {
+      state_ = kEndState;
+      pos_ = splitter_->text().size();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (state_ == kEndState) {
+      pos_ = splitter_->text().size();
+    } else {
+      ++(*this);
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool at_end() const { return state_ == kEndState; }
+
+  reference operator*() const { return curr_; }
+  pointer operator->() const { return &curr_; }
+
+  SplitIterator& operator++() {
+    do {
+      if (state_ == kLastState) {
+        state_ = kEndState;
+        return *this;
+      }
+      const absl::string_view text = splitter_->text();
+      const absl::string_view d = delimiter_.Find(text, pos_);
+      if (d.data() == text.end()) state_ = kLastState;
+      curr_ = text.substr(pos_, d.data() - (text.data() + pos_));
+      pos_ += curr_.size() + d.size();
+    } while (!predicate_(curr_));
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  SplitIterator operator++(int) {
+    SplitIterator old(*this);
+    ++(*this);
+    return old;
+  }
+
+  friend bool operator==(const SplitIterator& a, const SplitIterator& b) {
+    return a.state_ == b.state_ && a.pos_ == b.pos_;
+  }
+
+  friend bool operator!=(const SplitIterator& a, const SplitIterator& b) {
+    return !(a == b);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  size_t pos_;
+  State state_;
+  absl::string_view curr_;
+  const Splitter* splitter_;
+  typename Splitter::DelimiterType delimiter_;
+  typename Splitter::PredicateType predicate_;
+};
+
+// HasMappedType<T>::value is true iff there exists a type T::mapped_type.
+template <typename T, typename = void>
+struct HasMappedType : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct HasMappedType<T, absl::void_t<typename T::mapped_type>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+// HasValueType<T>::value is true iff there exists a type T::value_type.
+template <typename T, typename = void>
+struct HasValueType : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct HasValueType<T, absl::void_t<typename T::value_type>> : std::true_type {
+};
+
+// HasConstIterator<T>::value is true iff there exists a type T::const_iterator.
+template <typename T, typename = void>
+struct HasConstIterator : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct HasConstIterator<T, absl::void_t<typename T::const_iterator>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+// IsInitializerList<T>::value is true iff T is an std::initializer_list. More
+// details below in Splitter<> where this is used.
+std::false_type IsInitializerListDispatch(...);  // default: No
+template <typename T>
+std::true_type IsInitializerListDispatch(std::initializer_list<T>*);
+template <typename T>
+struct IsInitializerList
+    : decltype(IsInitializerListDispatch(static_cast<T*>(nullptr))) {};
+
+// A SplitterIsConvertibleTo<C>::type alias exists iff the specified condition
+// is true for type 'C'.
+//
+// Restricts conversion to container-like types (by testing for the presence of
+// a const_iterator member type) and also to disable conversion to an
+// std::initializer_list (which also has a const_iterator). Otherwise, code
+// compiled in C++11 will get an error due to ambiguous conversion paths (in
+// C++11 std::vector<T>::operator= is overloaded to take either a std::vector<T>
+// or an std::initializer_list<T>).
+template <typename C>
+struct SplitterIsConvertibleTo
+    : std::enable_if<
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
+          !IsStrictlyBaseOfAndConvertibleToSTLContainer<C>::value &&
+#endif  // _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
+          !IsInitializerList<C>::value && HasValueType<C>::value &&
+          HasConstIterator<C>::value> {
+};
+
+// This class implements the range that is returned by absl::StrSplit(). This
+// class has templated conversion operators that allow it to be implicitly
+// converted to a variety of types that the caller may have specified on the
+// left-hand side of an assignment.
+//
+// The main interface for interacting with this class is through its implicit
+// conversion operators. However, this class may also be used like a container
+// in that it has .begin() and .end() member functions. It may also be used
+// within a range-for loop.
+//
+// Output containers can be collections of any type that is constructible from
+// an absl::string_view.
+//
+// An Predicate functor may be supplied. This predicate will be used to filter
+// the split strings: only strings for which the predicate returns true will be
+// kept. A Predicate object is any unary functor that takes an absl::string_view
+// and returns bool.
+template <typename Delimiter, typename Predicate>
+class Splitter {
+ public:
+  using DelimiterType = Delimiter;
+  using PredicateType = Predicate;
+  using const_iterator = strings_internal::SplitIterator<Splitter>;
+  using value_type = typename std::iterator_traits<const_iterator>::value_type;
+
+  Splitter(ConvertibleToStringView input_text, Delimiter d, Predicate p)
+      : text_(std::move(input_text)),
+        delimiter_(std::move(d)),
+        predicate_(std::move(p)) {}
+
+  absl::string_view text() const { return text_.value(); }
+  const Delimiter& delimiter() const { return delimiter_; }
+  const Predicate& predicate() const { return predicate_; }
+
+  // Range functions that iterate the split substrings as absl::string_view
+  // objects. These methods enable a Splitter to be used in a range-based for
+  // loop.
+  const_iterator begin() const { return {const_iterator::kInitState, this}; }
+  const_iterator end() const { return {const_iterator::kEndState, this}; }
+
+  // An implicit conversion operator that is restricted to only those containers
+  // that the splitter is convertible to.
+  template <typename Container,
+            typename OnlyIf = typename SplitterIsConvertibleTo<Container>::type>
+  operator Container() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+    return ConvertToContainer<Container, typename Container::value_type,
+                              HasMappedType<Container>::value>()(*this);
+  }
+
+  // Returns a pair with its .first and .second members set to the first two
+  // strings returned by the begin() iterator. Either/both of .first and .second
+  // will be constructed with empty strings if the iterator doesn't have a
+  // corresponding value.
+  template <typename First, typename Second>
+  operator std::pair<First, Second>() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+    absl::string_view first, second;
+    auto it = begin();
+    if (it != end()) {
+      first = *it;
+      if (++it != end()) {
+        second = *it;
+      }
+    }
+    return {First(first), Second(second)};
+  }
+
+ private:
+  // ConvertToContainer is a functor converting a Splitter to the requested
+  // Container of ValueType. It is specialized below to optimize splitting to
+  // certain combinations of Container and ValueType.
+  //
+  // This base template handles the generic case of storing the split results in
+  // the requested non-map-like container and converting the split substrings to
+  // the requested type.
+  template <typename Container, typename ValueType, bool is_map = false>
+  struct ConvertToContainer {
+    Container operator()(const Splitter& splitter) const {
+      Container c;
+      auto it = std::inserter(c, c.end());
+      for (const auto sp : splitter) {
+        *it++ = ValueType(sp);
+      }
+      return c;
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Partial specialization for a std::vector<absl::string_view>.
+  //
+  // Optimized for the common case of splitting to a
+  // std::vector<absl::string_view>. In this case we first split the results to
+  // a small array of absl::string_view on the stack, to reduce reallocations.
+  template <typename A>
+  struct ConvertToContainer<std::vector<absl::string_view, A>,
+                            absl::string_view, false> {
+    std::vector<absl::string_view, A> operator()(
+        const Splitter& splitter) const {
+      struct raw_view {
+        const char* data;
+        size_t size;
+        operator absl::string_view() const {  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+          return {data, size};
+        }
+      };
+      std::vector<absl::string_view, A> v;
+      std::array<raw_view, 16> ar;
+      for (auto it = splitter.begin(); !it.at_end();) {
+        size_t index = 0;
+        do {
+          ar[index].data = it->data();
+          ar[index].size = it->size();
+          ++it;
+        } while (++index != ar.size() && !it.at_end());
+        v.insert(v.end(), ar.begin(), ar.begin() + index);
+      }
+      return v;
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Partial specialization for a std::vector<std::string>.
+  //
+  // Optimized for the common case of splitting to a std::vector<std::string>. In
+  // this case we first split the results to a std::vector<absl::string_view> so
+  // the returned std::vector<std::string> can have space reserved to avoid std::string
+  // moves.
+  template <typename A>
+  struct ConvertToContainer<std::vector<std::string, A>, std::string, false> {
+    std::vector<std::string, A> operator()(const Splitter& splitter) const {
+      const std::vector<absl::string_view> v = splitter;
+      return std::vector<std::string, A>(v.begin(), v.end());
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Partial specialization for containers of pairs (e.g., maps).
+  //
+  // The algorithm is to insert a new pair into the map for each even-numbered
+  // item, with the even-numbered item as the key with a default-constructed
+  // value. Each odd-numbered item will then be assigned to the last pair's
+  // value.
+  template <typename Container, typename First, typename Second>
+  struct ConvertToContainer<Container, std::pair<const First, Second>, true> {
+    Container operator()(const Splitter& splitter) const {
+      Container m;
+      typename Container::iterator it;
+      bool insert = true;
+      for (const auto sp : splitter) {
+        if (insert) {
+          it = Inserter<Container>::Insert(&m, First(sp), Second());
+        } else {
+          it->second = Second(sp);
+        }
+        insert = !insert;
+      }
+      return m;
+    }
+
+    // Inserts the key and value into the given map, returning an iterator to
+    // the inserted item. Specialized for std::map and std::multimap to use
+    // emplace() and adapt emplace()'s return value.
+    template <typename Map>
+    struct Inserter {
+      using M = Map;
+      template <typename... Args>
+      static typename M::iterator Insert(M* m, Args&&... args) {
+        return m->insert(std::make_pair(std::forward<Args>(args)...)).first;
+      }
+    };
+
+    template <typename... Ts>
+    struct Inserter<std::map<Ts...>> {
+      using M = std::map<Ts...>;
+      template <typename... Args>
+      static typename M::iterator Insert(M* m, Args&&... args) {
+        return m->emplace(std::make_pair(std::forward<Args>(args)...)).first;
+      }
+    };
+
+    template <typename... Ts>
+    struct Inserter<std::multimap<Ts...>> {
+      using M = std::multimap<Ts...>;
+      template <typename... Args>
+      static typename M::iterator Insert(M* m, Args&&... args) {
+        return m->emplace(std::make_pair(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+      }
+    };
+  };
+
+  ConvertibleToStringView text_;
+  Delimiter delimiter_;
+  Predicate predicate_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_STR_SPLIT_INTERNAL_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2415c2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// UTF8 utilities, implemented to reduce dependencies.
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/utf8.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+size_t EncodeUTF8Char(char *buffer, char32_t utf8_char) {
+  if (utf8_char <= 0x7F) {
+    *buffer = static_cast<char>(utf8_char);
+    return 1;
+  } else if (utf8_char <= 0x7FF) {
+    buffer[1] = 0x80 | (utf8_char & 0x3F);
+    utf8_char >>= 6;
+    buffer[0] = 0xC0 | utf8_char;
+    return 2;
+  } else if (utf8_char <= 0xFFFF) {
+    buffer[2] = 0x80 | (utf8_char & 0x3F);
+    utf8_char >>= 6;
+    buffer[1] = 0x80 | (utf8_char & 0x3F);
+    utf8_char >>= 6;
+    buffer[0] = 0xE0 | utf8_char;
+    return 3;
+  } else {
+    buffer[3] = 0x80 | (utf8_char & 0x3F);
+    utf8_char >>= 6;
+    buffer[2] = 0x80 | (utf8_char & 0x3F);
+    utf8_char >>= 6;
+    buffer[1] = 0x80 | (utf8_char & 0x3F);
+    utf8_char >>= 6;
+    buffer[0] = 0xF0 | utf8_char;
+    return 4;
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bd82e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// UTF8 utilities, implemented to reduce dependencies.
+//
+// If you need Unicode specific processing (for example being aware of
+// Unicode character boundaries, or knowledge of Unicode casing rules,
+// or various forms of equivalence and normalization), take a look at
+// files in i18n/utf8.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_UTF8_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_UTF8_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+// For Unicode code points 0 through 0x10FFFF, EncodeUTF8Char writes
+// out the UTF-8 encoding into buffer, and returns the number of chars
+// it wrote.
+//
+// As described in https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3629#section-3 , the encodings
+// are:
+//    00 -     7F : 0xxxxxxx
+//    80 -    7FF : 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
+//   800 -   FFFF : 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+// 10000 - 10FFFF : 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+//
+// Values greater than 0x10FFFF are not supported and may or may not write
+// characters into buffer, however never will more than kMaxEncodedUTF8Size
+// bytes be written, regardless of the value of utf8_char.
+enum { kMaxEncodedUTF8Size = 4 };
+size_t EncodeUTF8Char(char *buffer, char32_t utf8_char);
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_UTF8_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64cec70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/internal/utf8_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/utf8.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+TEST(EncodeUTF8Char, BasicFunction) {
+  std::pair<char32_t, std::string> tests[] = {{0x0030, u8"\u0030"},
+                                         {0x00A3, u8"\u00A3"},
+                                         {0x00010000, u8"\U00010000"},
+                                         {0x0000FFFF, u8"\U0000FFFF"},
+                                         {0x0010FFFD, u8"\U0010FFFD"}};
+  for (auto &test : tests) {
+    char buf0[7] = {'\x00', '\x00', '\x00', '\x00', '\x00', '\x00', '\x00'};
+    char buf1[7] = {'\xFF', '\xFF', '\xFF', '\xFF', '\xFF', '\xFF', '\xFF'};
+    char *buf0_written =
+        &buf0[absl::strings_internal::EncodeUTF8Char(buf0, test.first)];
+    char *buf1_written =
+        &buf1[absl::strings_internal::EncodeUTF8Char(buf1, test.first)];
+    int apparent_length = 7;
+    while (buf0[apparent_length - 1] == '\x00' &&
+           buf1[apparent_length - 1] == '\xFF') {
+      if (--apparent_length == 0) break;
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(apparent_length, buf0_written - buf0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(apparent_length, buf1_written - buf1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(apparent_length, test.second.length());
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::string(buf0, apparent_length), test.second);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::string(buf1, apparent_length), test.second);
+  }
+  char buf[32] = "Don't Tread On Me";
+  EXPECT_LE(absl::strings_internal::EncodeUTF8Char(buf, 0x00110000),
+            absl::strings_internal::kMaxEncodedUTF8Size);
+  char buf2[32] = "Negative is invalid but sane";
+  EXPECT_LE(absl::strings_internal::EncodeUTF8Char(buf2, -1),
+            absl::strings_internal::kMaxEncodedUTF8Size);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4140b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,919 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// This file contains std::string processing functions related to
+// numeric values.
+
+#include "absl/strings/numbers.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cfloat>          // for DBL_DIG and FLT_DIG
+#include <cmath>           // for HUGE_VAL
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/memutil.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+bool SimpleAtof(absl::string_view str, float* value) {
+  *value = 0.0;
+  if (str.empty()) return false;
+  char buf[32];
+  std::unique_ptr<char[]> bigbuf;
+  char* ptr = buf;
+  if (str.size() > sizeof(buf) - 1) {
+    bigbuf.reset(new char[str.size() + 1]);
+    ptr = bigbuf.get();
+  }
+  memcpy(ptr, str.data(), str.size());
+  ptr[str.size()] = '\0';
+
+  char* endptr;
+  *value = strtof(ptr, &endptr);
+  if (endptr != ptr) {
+    while (absl::ascii_isspace(*endptr)) ++endptr;
+  }
+  // Ignore range errors from strtod/strtof.
+  // The values it returns on underflow and
+  // overflow are the right fallback in a
+  // robust setting.
+  return *ptr != '\0' && *endptr == '\0';
+}
+
+bool SimpleAtod(absl::string_view str, double* value) {
+  *value = 0.0;
+  if (str.empty()) return false;
+  char buf[32];
+  std::unique_ptr<char[]> bigbuf;
+  char* ptr = buf;
+  if (str.size() > sizeof(buf) - 1) {
+    bigbuf.reset(new char[str.size() + 1]);
+    ptr = bigbuf.get();
+  }
+  memcpy(ptr, str.data(), str.size());
+  ptr[str.size()] = '\0';
+
+  char* endptr;
+  *value = strtod(ptr, &endptr);
+  if (endptr != ptr) {
+    while (absl::ascii_isspace(*endptr)) ++endptr;
+  }
+  // Ignore range errors from strtod.  The values it
+  // returns on underflow and overflow are the right
+  // fallback in a robust setting.
+  return *ptr != '\0' && *endptr == '\0';
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// TODO(rogeeff): replace with the real released thing once we figure out what
+// it is.
+inline bool CaseEqual(absl::string_view piece1, absl::string_view piece2) {
+  return (piece1.size() == piece2.size() &&
+          0 == strings_internal::memcasecmp(piece1.data(), piece2.data(),
+                                            piece1.size()));
+}
+
+// Writes a two-character representation of 'i' to 'buf'. 'i' must be in the
+// range 0 <= i < 100, and buf must have space for two characters. Example:
+//   char buf[2];
+//   PutTwoDigits(42, buf);
+//   // buf[0] == '4'
+//   // buf[1] == '2'
+inline void PutTwoDigits(size_t i, char* buf) {
+  static const char two_ASCII_digits[100][2] = {
+    {'0', '0'}, {'0', '1'}, {'0', '2'}, {'0', '3'}, {'0', '4'},
+    {'0', '5'}, {'0', '6'}, {'0', '7'}, {'0', '8'}, {'0', '9'},
+    {'1', '0'}, {'1', '1'}, {'1', '2'}, {'1', '3'}, {'1', '4'},
+    {'1', '5'}, {'1', '6'}, {'1', '7'}, {'1', '8'}, {'1', '9'},
+    {'2', '0'}, {'2', '1'}, {'2', '2'}, {'2', '3'}, {'2', '4'},
+    {'2', '5'}, {'2', '6'}, {'2', '7'}, {'2', '8'}, {'2', '9'},
+    {'3', '0'}, {'3', '1'}, {'3', '2'}, {'3', '3'}, {'3', '4'},
+    {'3', '5'}, {'3', '6'}, {'3', '7'}, {'3', '8'}, {'3', '9'},
+    {'4', '0'}, {'4', '1'}, {'4', '2'}, {'4', '3'}, {'4', '4'},
+    {'4', '5'}, {'4', '6'}, {'4', '7'}, {'4', '8'}, {'4', '9'},
+    {'5', '0'}, {'5', '1'}, {'5', '2'}, {'5', '3'}, {'5', '4'},
+    {'5', '5'}, {'5', '6'}, {'5', '7'}, {'5', '8'}, {'5', '9'},
+    {'6', '0'}, {'6', '1'}, {'6', '2'}, {'6', '3'}, {'6', '4'},
+    {'6', '5'}, {'6', '6'}, {'6', '7'}, {'6', '8'}, {'6', '9'},
+    {'7', '0'}, {'7', '1'}, {'7', '2'}, {'7', '3'}, {'7', '4'},
+    {'7', '5'}, {'7', '6'}, {'7', '7'}, {'7', '8'}, {'7', '9'},
+    {'8', '0'}, {'8', '1'}, {'8', '2'}, {'8', '3'}, {'8', '4'},
+    {'8', '5'}, {'8', '6'}, {'8', '7'}, {'8', '8'}, {'8', '9'},
+    {'9', '0'}, {'9', '1'}, {'9', '2'}, {'9', '3'}, {'9', '4'},
+    {'9', '5'}, {'9', '6'}, {'9', '7'}, {'9', '8'}, {'9', '9'}
+  };
+  assert(i < 100);
+  memcpy(buf, two_ASCII_digits[i], 2);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+bool SimpleAtob(absl::string_view str, bool* value) {
+  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(value != nullptr, "Output pointer must not be nullptr.");
+  if (CaseEqual(str, "true") || CaseEqual(str, "t") ||
+      CaseEqual(str, "yes") || CaseEqual(str, "y") ||
+      CaseEqual(str, "1")) {
+    *value = true;
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (CaseEqual(str, "false") || CaseEqual(str, "f") ||
+      CaseEqual(str, "no") || CaseEqual(str, "n") ||
+      CaseEqual(str, "0")) {
+    *value = false;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// FastIntToBuffer() overloads
+//
+// Like the Fast*ToBuffer() functions above, these are intended for speed.
+// Unlike the Fast*ToBuffer() functions, however, these functions write
+// their output to the beginning of the buffer.  The caller is responsible
+// for ensuring that the buffer has enough space to hold the output.
+//
+// Returns a pointer to the end of the std::string (i.e. the null character
+// terminating the std::string).
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+namespace {
+
+// Used to optimize printing a decimal number's final digit.
+const char one_ASCII_final_digits[10][2] {
+  {'0', 0}, {'1', 0}, {'2', 0}, {'3', 0}, {'4', 0},
+  {'5', 0}, {'6', 0}, {'7', 0}, {'8', 0}, {'9', 0},
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+char* numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(uint32_t i, char* buffer) {
+  uint32_t digits;
+  // The idea of this implementation is to trim the number of divides to as few
+  // as possible, and also reducing memory stores and branches, by going in
+  // steps of two digits at a time rather than one whenever possible.
+  // The huge-number case is first, in the hopes that the compiler will output
+  // that case in one branch-free block of code, and only output conditional
+  // branches into it from below.
+  if (i >= 1000000000) {     // >= 1,000,000,000
+    digits = i / 100000000;  //      100,000,000
+    i -= digits * 100000000;
+    PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+    buffer += 2;
+  lt100_000_000:
+    digits = i / 1000000;  // 1,000,000
+    i -= digits * 1000000;
+    PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+    buffer += 2;
+  lt1_000_000:
+    digits = i / 10000;  // 10,000
+    i -= digits * 10000;
+    PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+    buffer += 2;
+  lt10_000:
+    digits = i / 100;
+    i -= digits * 100;
+    PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+    buffer += 2;
+ lt100:
+    digits = i;
+    PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+    buffer += 2;
+    *buffer = 0;
+    return buffer;
+  }
+
+  if (i < 100) {
+    digits = i;
+    if (i >= 10) goto lt100;
+    memcpy(buffer, one_ASCII_final_digits[i], 2);
+    return buffer + 1;
+  }
+  if (i < 10000) {  //    10,000
+    if (i >= 1000) goto lt10_000;
+    digits = i / 100;
+    i -= digits * 100;
+    *buffer++ = '0' + digits;
+    goto lt100;
+  }
+  if (i < 1000000) {  //    1,000,000
+    if (i >= 100000) goto lt1_000_000;
+    digits = i / 10000;  //    10,000
+    i -= digits * 10000;
+    *buffer++ = '0' + digits;
+    goto lt10_000;
+  }
+  if (i < 100000000) {  //    100,000,000
+    if (i >= 10000000) goto lt100_000_000;
+    digits = i / 1000000;  //   1,000,000
+    i -= digits * 1000000;
+    *buffer++ = '0' + digits;
+    goto lt1_000_000;
+  }
+  // we already know that i < 1,000,000,000
+  digits = i / 100000000;  //   100,000,000
+  i -= digits * 100000000;
+  *buffer++ = '0' + digits;
+  goto lt100_000_000;
+}
+
+char* numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(int32_t i, char* buffer) {
+  uint32_t u = i;
+  if (i < 0) {
+    *buffer++ = '-';
+    // We need to do the negation in modular (i.e., "unsigned")
+    // arithmetic; MSVC++ apprently warns for plain "-u", so
+    // we write the equivalent expression "0 - u" instead.
+    u = 0 - u;
+  }
+  return numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(u, buffer);
+}
+
+char* numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(uint64_t i, char* buffer) {
+  uint32_t u32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(i);
+  if (u32 == i) return numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(u32, buffer);
+
+  // Here we know i has at least 10 decimal digits.
+  uint64_t top_1to11 = i / 1000000000;
+  u32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(i - top_1to11 * 1000000000);
+  uint32_t top_1to11_32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(top_1to11);
+
+  if (top_1to11_32 == top_1to11) {
+    buffer = numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(top_1to11_32, buffer);
+  } else {
+    // top_1to11 has more than 32 bits too; print it in two steps.
+    uint32_t top_8to9 = static_cast<uint32_t>(top_1to11 / 100);
+    uint32_t mid_2 = static_cast<uint32_t>(top_1to11 - top_8to9 * 100);
+    buffer = numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(top_8to9, buffer);
+    PutTwoDigits(mid_2, buffer);
+    buffer += 2;
+  }
+
+  // We have only 9 digits now, again the maximum uint32_t can handle fully.
+  uint32_t digits = u32 / 10000000;  // 10,000,000
+  u32 -= digits * 10000000;
+  PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+  buffer += 2;
+  digits = u32 / 100000;  // 100,000
+  u32 -= digits * 100000;
+  PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+  buffer += 2;
+  digits = u32 / 1000;  // 1,000
+  u32 -= digits * 1000;
+  PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+  buffer += 2;
+  digits = u32 / 10;
+  u32 -= digits * 10;
+  PutTwoDigits(digits, buffer);
+  buffer += 2;
+  memcpy(buffer, one_ASCII_final_digits[u32], 2);
+  return buffer + 1;
+}
+
+char* numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(int64_t i, char* buffer) {
+  uint64_t u = i;
+  if (i < 0) {
+    *buffer++ = '-';
+    u = 0 - u;
+  }
+  return numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(u, buffer);
+}
+
+// Returns the number of leading 0 bits in a 64-bit value.
+// TODO(jorg): Replace with builtin_clzll if available.
+// Are we shipping util/bits in absl?
+static inline int CountLeadingZeros64(uint64_t n) {
+  int zeroes = 60;
+  if (n >> 32) zeroes -= 32, n >>= 32;
+  if (n >> 16) zeroes -= 16, n >>= 16;
+  if (n >> 8) zeroes -= 8, n >>= 8;
+  if (n >> 4) zeroes -= 4, n >>= 4;
+  return "\4\3\2\2\1\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"[n] + zeroes;
+}
+
+// Given a 128-bit number expressed as a pair of uint64_t, high half first,
+// return that number multiplied by the given 32-bit value.  If the result is
+// too large to fit in a 128-bit number, divide it by 2 until it fits.
+static std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t> Mul32(std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t> num,
+                                           uint32_t mul) {
+  uint64_t bits0_31 = num.second & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+  uint64_t bits32_63 = num.second >> 32;
+  uint64_t bits64_95 = num.first & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+  uint64_t bits96_127 = num.first >> 32;
+
+  // The picture so far: each of these 64-bit values has only the lower 32 bits
+  // filled in.
+  // bits96_127:          [ 00000000 xxxxxxxx ]
+  // bits64_95:                    [ 00000000 xxxxxxxx ]
+  // bits32_63:                             [ 00000000 xxxxxxxx ]
+  // bits0_31:                                       [ 00000000 xxxxxxxx ]
+
+  bits0_31 *= mul;
+  bits32_63 *= mul;
+  bits64_95 *= mul;
+  bits96_127 *= mul;
+
+  // Now the top halves may also have value, though all 64 of their bits will
+  // never be set at the same time, since they are a result of a 32x32 bit
+  // multiply.  This makes the carry calculation slightly easier.
+  // bits96_127:          [ mmmmmmmm | mmmmmmmm ]
+  // bits64_95:                    [ | mmmmmmmm mmmmmmmm | ]
+  // bits32_63:                      |        [ mmmmmmmm | mmmmmmmm ]
+  // bits0_31:                       |                 [ | mmmmmmmm mmmmmmmm ]
+  // eventually:        [ bits128_up | ...bits64_127.... | ..bits0_63... ]
+
+  uint64_t bits0_63 = bits0_31 + (bits32_63 << 32);
+  uint64_t bits64_127 = bits64_95 + (bits96_127 << 32) + (bits32_63 >> 32) +
+                        (bits0_63 < bits0_31);
+  uint64_t bits128_up = (bits96_127 >> 32) + (bits64_127 < bits64_95);
+  if (bits128_up == 0) return {bits64_127, bits0_63};
+
+  int shift = 64 - CountLeadingZeros64(bits128_up);
+  uint64_t lo = (bits0_63 >> shift) + (bits64_127 << (64 - shift));
+  uint64_t hi = (bits64_127 >> shift) + (bits128_up << (64 - shift));
+  return {hi, lo};
+}
+
+// Compute num * 5 ^ expfive, and return the first 128 bits of the result,
+// where the first bit is always a one.  So PowFive(1, 0) starts 0b100000,
+// PowFive(1, 1) starts 0b101000, PowFive(1, 2) starts 0b110010, etc.
+static std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t> PowFive(uint64_t num, int expfive) {
+  std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t> result = {num, 0};
+  while (expfive >= 13) {
+    // 5^13 is the highest power of five that will fit in a 32-bit integer.
+    result = Mul32(result, 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5);
+    expfive -= 13;
+  }
+  constexpr int powers_of_five[13] = {
+      1,
+      5,
+      5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5,
+      5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5 * 5};
+  result = Mul32(result, powers_of_five[expfive & 15]);
+  int shift = CountLeadingZeros64(result.first);
+  if (shift != 0) {
+    result.first = (result.first << shift) + (result.second >> (64 - shift));
+    result.second = (result.second << shift);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+struct ExpDigits {
+  int32_t exponent;
+  char digits[6];
+};
+
+// SplitToSix converts value, a positive double-precision floating-point number,
+// into a base-10 exponent and 6 ASCII digits, where the first digit is never
+// zero.  For example, SplitToSix(1) returns an exponent of zero and a digits
+// array of {'1', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'}.  If value is exactly halfway between
+// two possible representations, e.g. value = 100000.5, then "round to even" is
+// performed.
+static ExpDigits SplitToSix(const double value) {
+  ExpDigits exp_dig;
+  int exp = 5;
+  double d = value;
+  // First step: calculate a close approximation of the output, where the
+  // value d will be between 100,000 and 999,999, representing the digits
+  // in the output ASCII array, and exp is the base-10 exponent.  It would be
+  // faster to use a table here, and to look up the base-2 exponent of value,
+  // however value is an IEEE-754 64-bit number, so the table would have 2,000
+  // entries, which is not cache-friendly.
+  if (d >= 999999.5) {
+    if (d >= 1e+261) exp += 256, d *= 1e-256;
+    if (d >= 1e+133) exp += 128, d *= 1e-128;
+    if (d >= 1e+69) exp += 64, d *= 1e-64;
+    if (d >= 1e+37) exp += 32, d *= 1e-32;
+    if (d >= 1e+21) exp += 16, d *= 1e-16;
+    if (d >= 1e+13) exp += 8, d *= 1e-8;
+    if (d >= 1e+9) exp += 4, d *= 1e-4;
+    if (d >= 1e+7) exp += 2, d *= 1e-2;
+    if (d >= 1e+6) exp += 1, d *= 1e-1;
+  } else {
+    if (d < 1e-250) exp -= 256, d *= 1e256;
+    if (d < 1e-122) exp -= 128, d *= 1e128;
+    if (d < 1e-58) exp -= 64, d *= 1e64;
+    if (d < 1e-26) exp -= 32, d *= 1e32;
+    if (d < 1e-10) exp -= 16, d *= 1e16;
+    if (d < 1e-2) exp -= 8, d *= 1e8;
+    if (d < 1e+2) exp -= 4, d *= 1e4;
+    if (d < 1e+4) exp -= 2, d *= 1e2;
+    if (d < 1e+5) exp -= 1, d *= 1e1;
+  }
+  // At this point, d is in the range [99999.5..999999.5) and exp is in the
+  // range [-324..308]. Since we need to round d up, we want to add a half
+  // and truncate.
+  // However, the technique above may have lost some precision, due to its
+  // repeated multiplication by constants that each may be off by half a bit
+  // of precision.  This only matters if we're close to the edge though.
+  // Since we'd like to know if the fractional part of d is close to a half,
+  // we multiply it by 65536 and see if the fractional part is close to 32768.
+  // (The number doesn't have to be a power of two,but powers of two are faster)
+  uint64_t d64k = d * 65536;
+  int dddddd;  // A 6-digit decimal integer.
+  if ((d64k % 65536) == 32767 || (d64k % 65536) == 32768) {
+    // OK, it's fairly likely that precision was lost above, which is
+    // not a surprise given only 52 mantissa bits are available.  Therefore
+    // redo the calculation using 128-bit numbers.  (64 bits are not enough).
+
+    // Start out with digits rounded down; maybe add one below.
+    dddddd = static_cast<int>(d64k / 65536);
+
+    // mantissa is a 64-bit integer representing M.mmm... * 2^63.  The actual
+    // value we're representing, of course, is M.mmm... * 2^exp2.
+    int exp2;
+    double m = std::frexp(value, &exp2);
+    uint64_t mantissa = m * (32768.0 * 65536.0 * 65536.0 * 65536.0);
+    // std::frexp returns an m value in the range [0.5, 1.0), however we
+    // can't multiply it by 2^64 and convert to an integer because some FPUs
+    // throw an exception when converting an number higher than 2^63 into an
+    // integer - even an unsigned 64-bit integer!  Fortunately it doesn't matter
+    // since m only has 52 significant bits anyway.
+    mantissa <<= 1;
+    exp2 -= 64;  // not needed, but nice for debugging
+
+    // OK, we are here to compare:
+    //     (dddddd + 0.5) * 10^(exp-5)  vs.  mantissa * 2^exp2
+    // so we can round up dddddd if appropriate.  Those values span the full
+    // range of 600 orders of magnitude of IEE 64-bit floating-point.
+    // Fortunately, we already know they are very close, so we don't need to
+    // track the base-2 exponent of both sides.  This greatly simplifies the
+    // the math since the 2^exp2 calculation is unnecessary and the power-of-10
+    // calculation can become a power-of-5 instead.
+
+    std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t> edge, val;
+    if (exp >= 6) {
+      // Compare (dddddd + 0.5) * 5 ^ (exp - 5) to mantissa
+      // Since we're tossing powers of two, 2 * dddddd + 1 is the
+      // same as dddddd + 0.5
+      edge = PowFive(2 * dddddd + 1, exp - 5);
+
+      val.first = mantissa;
+      val.second = 0;
+    } else {
+      // We can't compare (dddddd + 0.5) * 5 ^ (exp - 5) to mantissa as we did
+      // above because (exp - 5) is negative.  So we compare (dddddd + 0.5) to
+      // mantissa * 5 ^ (5 - exp)
+      edge = PowFive(2 * dddddd + 1, 0);
+
+      val = PowFive(mantissa, 5 - exp);
+    }
+    // printf("exp=%d %016lx %016lx vs %016lx %016lx\n", exp, val.first,
+    //        val.second, edge.first, edge.second);
+    if (val > edge) {
+      dddddd++;
+    } else if (val == edge) {
+      dddddd += (dddddd & 1);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // Here, we are not close to the edge.
+    dddddd = static_cast<int>((d64k + 32768) / 65536);
+  }
+  if (dddddd == 1000000) {
+    dddddd = 100000;
+    exp += 1;
+  }
+  exp_dig.exponent = exp;
+
+  int two_digits = dddddd / 10000;
+  dddddd -= two_digits * 10000;
+  PutTwoDigits(two_digits, &exp_dig.digits[0]);
+
+  two_digits = dddddd / 100;
+  dddddd -= two_digits * 100;
+  PutTwoDigits(two_digits, &exp_dig.digits[2]);
+
+  PutTwoDigits(dddddd, &exp_dig.digits[4]);
+  return exp_dig;
+}
+
+// Helper function for fast formatting of floating-point.
+// The result is the same as "%g", a.k.a. "%.6g".
+size_t numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer(double d, char* const buffer) {
+  static_assert(std::numeric_limits<float>::is_iec559,
+                "IEEE-754/IEC-559 support only");
+
+  char* out = buffer;  // we write data to out, incrementing as we go, but
+                       // FloatToBuffer always returns the address of the buffer
+                       // passed in.
+
+  if (std::isnan(d)) {
+    strcpy(out, "nan");  // NOLINT(runtime/printf)
+    return 3;
+  }
+  if (d == 0) {  // +0 and -0 are handled here
+    if (std::signbit(d)) *out++ = '-';
+    *out++ = '0';
+    *out = 0;
+    return out - buffer;
+  }
+  if (d < 0) {
+    *out++ = '-';
+    d = -d;
+  }
+  if (std::isinf(d)) {
+    strcpy(out, "inf");  // NOLINT(runtime/printf)
+    return out + 3 - buffer;
+  }
+
+  auto exp_dig = SplitToSix(d);
+  int exp = exp_dig.exponent;
+  const char* digits = exp_dig.digits;
+  out[0] = '0';
+  out[1] = '.';
+  switch (exp) {
+    case 5:
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 6), out += 6;
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+    case 4:
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 5), out += 5;
+      if (digits[5] != '0') {
+        *out++ = '.';
+        *out++ = digits[5];
+      }
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+    case 3:
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 4), out += 4;
+      if ((digits[5] | digits[4]) != '0') {
+        *out++ = '.';
+        *out++ = digits[4];
+        if (digits[5] != '0') *out++ = digits[5];
+      }
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+    case 2:
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 3), out += 3;
+      *out++ = '.';
+      memcpy(out, &digits[3], 3);
+      out += 3;
+      while (out[-1] == '0') --out;
+      if (out[-1] == '.') --out;
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+    case 1:
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 2), out += 2;
+      *out++ = '.';
+      memcpy(out, &digits[2], 4);
+      out += 4;
+      while (out[-1] == '0') --out;
+      if (out[-1] == '.') --out;
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+    case 0:
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 1), out += 1;
+      *out++ = '.';
+      memcpy(out, &digits[1], 5);
+      out += 5;
+      while (out[-1] == '0') --out;
+      if (out[-1] == '.') --out;
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+    case -4:
+      out[2] = '0';
+      ++out;
+      ABSL_FALLTHROUGH_INTENDED;
+    case -3:
+      out[2] = '0';
+      ++out;
+      ABSL_FALLTHROUGH_INTENDED;
+    case -2:
+      out[2] = '0';
+      ++out;
+      ABSL_FALLTHROUGH_INTENDED;
+    case -1:
+      out += 2;
+      memcpy(out, &digits[0], 6);
+      out += 6;
+      while (out[-1] == '0') --out;
+      *out = 0;
+      return out - buffer;
+  }
+  assert(exp < -4 || exp >= 6);
+  out[0] = digits[0];
+  assert(out[1] == '.');
+  out += 2;
+  memcpy(out, &digits[1], 5), out += 5;
+  while (out[-1] == '0') --out;
+  if (out[-1] == '.') --out;
+  *out++ = 'e';
+  if (exp > 0) {
+    *out++ = '+';
+  } else {
+    *out++ = '-';
+    exp = -exp;
+  }
+  if (exp > 99) {
+    int dig1 = exp / 100;
+    exp -= dig1 * 100;
+    *out++ = '0' + dig1;
+  }
+  PutTwoDigits(exp, out);
+  out += 2;
+  *out = 0;
+  return out - buffer;
+}
+
+namespace {
+// Represents integer values of digits.
+// Uses 36 to indicate an invalid character since we support
+// bases up to 36.
+static const int8_t kAsciiToInt[256] = {
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,  // 16 36s.
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,
+    6,  7,  8,  9,  36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
+    18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,
+    24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36,
+    36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36};
+
+// Parse the sign and optional hex or oct prefix in text.
+inline bool safe_parse_sign_and_base(absl::string_view* text /*inout*/,
+                                     int* base_ptr /*inout*/,
+                                     bool* negative_ptr /*output*/) {
+  if (text->data() == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const char* start = text->data();
+  const char* end = start + text->size();
+  int base = *base_ptr;
+
+  // Consume whitespace.
+  while (start < end && absl::ascii_isspace(start[0])) {
+    ++start;
+  }
+  while (start < end && absl::ascii_isspace(end[-1])) {
+    --end;
+  }
+  if (start >= end) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Consume sign.
+  *negative_ptr = (start[0] == '-');
+  if (*negative_ptr || start[0] == '+') {
+    ++start;
+    if (start >= end) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Consume base-dependent prefix.
+  //  base 0: "0x" -> base 16, "0" -> base 8, default -> base 10
+  //  base 16: "0x" -> base 16
+  // Also validate the base.
+  if (base == 0) {
+    if (end - start >= 2 && start[0] == '0' &&
+        (start[1] == 'x' || start[1] == 'X')) {
+      base = 16;
+      start += 2;
+      if (start >= end) {
+        // "0x" with no digits after is invalid.
+        return false;
+      }
+    } else if (end - start >= 1 && start[0] == '0') {
+      base = 8;
+      start += 1;
+    } else {
+      base = 10;
+    }
+  } else if (base == 16) {
+    if (end - start >= 2 && start[0] == '0' &&
+        (start[1] == 'x' || start[1] == 'X')) {
+      start += 2;
+      if (start >= end) {
+        // "0x" with no digits after is invalid.
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (base >= 2 && base <= 36) {
+    // okay
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *text = absl::string_view(start, end - start);
+  *base_ptr = base;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Consume digits.
+//
+// The classic loop:
+//
+//   for each digit
+//     value = value * base + digit
+//   value *= sign
+//
+// The classic loop needs overflow checking.  It also fails on the most
+// negative integer, -2147483648 in 32-bit two's complement representation.
+//
+// My improved loop:
+//
+//  if (!negative)
+//    for each digit
+//      value = value * base
+//      value = value + digit
+//  else
+//    for each digit
+//      value = value * base
+//      value = value - digit
+//
+// Overflow checking becomes simple.
+
+// Lookup tables per IntType:
+// vmax/base and vmin/base are precomputed because division costs at least 8ns.
+// TODO(junyer): Doing this per base instead (i.e. an array of structs, not a
+// struct of arrays) would probably be better in terms of d-cache for the most
+// commonly used bases.
+template <typename IntType>
+struct LookupTables {
+  static const IntType kVmaxOverBase[];
+  static const IntType kVminOverBase[];
+};
+
+// An array initializer macro for X/base where base in [0, 36].
+// However, note that lookups for base in [0, 1] should never happen because
+// base has been validated to be in [2, 36] by safe_parse_sign_and_base().
+#define X_OVER_BASE_INITIALIZER(X)                                        \
+  {                                                                       \
+    0, 0, X / 2, X / 3, X / 4, X / 5, X / 6, X / 7, X / 8, X / 9, X / 10, \
+        X / 11, X / 12, X / 13, X / 14, X / 15, X / 16, X / 17, X / 18,   \
+        X / 19, X / 20, X / 21, X / 22, X / 23, X / 24, X / 25, X / 26,   \
+        X / 27, X / 28, X / 29, X / 30, X / 31, X / 32, X / 33, X / 34,   \
+        X / 35, X / 36,                                                   \
+  }
+
+template <typename IntType>
+const IntType LookupTables<IntType>::kVmaxOverBase[] =
+    X_OVER_BASE_INITIALIZER(std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max());
+
+template <typename IntType>
+const IntType LookupTables<IntType>::kVminOverBase[] =
+    X_OVER_BASE_INITIALIZER(std::numeric_limits<IntType>::min());
+
+#undef X_OVER_BASE_INITIALIZER
+
+template <typename IntType>
+inline bool safe_parse_positive_int(absl::string_view text, int base,
+                                    IntType* value_p) {
+  IntType value = 0;
+  const IntType vmax = std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max();
+  assert(vmax > 0);
+  assert(base >= 0);
+  assert(vmax >= static_cast<IntType>(base));
+  const IntType vmax_over_base = LookupTables<IntType>::kVmaxOverBase[base];
+  const char* start = text.data();
+  const char* end = start + text.size();
+  // loop over digits
+  for (; start < end; ++start) {
+    unsigned char c = static_cast<unsigned char>(start[0]);
+    int digit = kAsciiToInt[c];
+    if (digit >= base) {
+      *value_p = value;
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (value > vmax_over_base) {
+      *value_p = vmax;
+      return false;
+    }
+    value *= base;
+    if (value > vmax - digit) {
+      *value_p = vmax;
+      return false;
+    }
+    value += digit;
+  }
+  *value_p = value;
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename IntType>
+inline bool safe_parse_negative_int(absl::string_view text, int base,
+                                    IntType* value_p) {
+  IntType value = 0;
+  const IntType vmin = std::numeric_limits<IntType>::min();
+  assert(vmin < 0);
+  assert(vmin <= 0 - base);
+  IntType vmin_over_base = LookupTables<IntType>::kVminOverBase[base];
+  // 2003 c++ standard [expr.mul]
+  // "... the sign of the remainder is implementation-defined."
+  // Although (vmin/base)*base + vmin%base is always vmin.
+  // 2011 c++ standard tightens the spec but we cannot rely on it.
+  // TODO(junyer): Handle this in the lookup table generation.
+  if (vmin % base > 0) {
+    vmin_over_base += 1;
+  }
+  const char* start = text.data();
+  const char* end = start + text.size();
+  // loop over digits
+  for (; start < end; ++start) {
+    unsigned char c = static_cast<unsigned char>(start[0]);
+    int digit = kAsciiToInt[c];
+    if (digit >= base) {
+      *value_p = value;
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (value < vmin_over_base) {
+      *value_p = vmin;
+      return false;
+    }
+    value *= base;
+    if (value < vmin + digit) {
+      *value_p = vmin;
+      return false;
+    }
+    value -= digit;
+  }
+  *value_p = value;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Input format based on POSIX.1-2008 strtol
+// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtol.html
+template <typename IntType>
+inline bool safe_int_internal(absl::string_view text, IntType* value_p,
+                              int base) {
+  *value_p = 0;
+  bool negative;
+  if (!safe_parse_sign_and_base(&text, &base, &negative)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!negative) {
+    return safe_parse_positive_int(text, base, value_p);
+  } else {
+    return safe_parse_negative_int(text, base, value_p);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename IntType>
+inline bool safe_uint_internal(absl::string_view text, IntType* value_p,
+                               int base) {
+  *value_p = 0;
+  bool negative;
+  if (!safe_parse_sign_and_base(&text, &base, &negative) || negative) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return safe_parse_positive_int(text, base, value_p);
+}
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
+namespace numbers_internal {
+bool safe_strto32_base(absl::string_view text, int32_t* value, int base) {
+  return safe_int_internal<int32_t>(text, value, base);
+}
+
+bool safe_strto64_base(absl::string_view text, int64_t* value, int base) {
+  return safe_int_internal<int64_t>(text, value, base);
+}
+
+bool safe_strtou32_base(absl::string_view text, uint32_t* value, int base) {
+  return safe_uint_internal<uint32_t>(text, value, base);
+}
+
+bool safe_strtou64_base(absl::string_view text, uint64_t* value, int base) {
+  return safe_uint_internal<uint64_t>(text, value, base);
+}
+}  // namespace numbers_internal
+
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..adf706a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: numbers.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This package contains functions for converting strings to numbers. For
+// converting numbers to strings, use `StrCat()` or `StrAppend()` in str_cat.h,
+// which automatically detect and convert most number values appropriately.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_NUMBERS_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_NUMBERS_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <limits>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+#include "absl/numeric/int128.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// SimpleAtoi()
+//
+// Converts the given std::string into an integer value, returning `true` if
+// successful. The std::string must reflect a base-10 integer (optionally followed or
+// preceded by ASCII whitespace) whose value falls within the range of the
+// integer type,
+template <typename int_type>
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT bool SimpleAtoi(absl::string_view s, int_type* out);
+
+// SimpleAtof()
+//
+// Converts the given std::string (optionally followed or preceded by ASCII
+// whitespace) into a float, which may be rounded on overflow or underflow.
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT bool SimpleAtof(absl::string_view str, float* value);
+
+// SimpleAtod()
+//
+// Converts the given std::string (optionally followed or preceded by ASCII
+// whitespace) into a double, which may be rounded on overflow or underflow.
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT bool SimpleAtod(absl::string_view str, double* value);
+
+// SimpleAtob()
+//
+// Converts the given std::string into a boolean, returning `true` if successful.
+// The following case-insensitive strings are interpreted as boolean `true`:
+// "true", "t", "yes", "y", "1". The following case-insensitive strings
+// are interpreted as boolean `false`: "false", "f", "no", "n", "0".
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT bool SimpleAtob(absl::string_view str, bool* value);
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+// End of public API.  Implementation details follow.
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace numbers_internal {
+
+// safe_strto?() functions for implementing SimpleAtoi()
+bool safe_strto32_base(absl::string_view text, int32_t* value, int base);
+bool safe_strto64_base(absl::string_view text, int64_t* value, int base);
+bool safe_strtou32_base(absl::string_view text, uint32_t* value, int base);
+bool safe_strtou64_base(absl::string_view text, uint64_t* value, int base);
+
+static const int kFastToBufferSize = 32;
+static const int kSixDigitsToBufferSize = 16;
+
+// Helper function for fast formatting of floating-point values.
+// The result is the same as printf's "%g", a.k.a. "%.6g"; that is, six
+// significant digits are returned, trailing zeros are removed, and numbers
+// outside the range 0.0001-999999 are output using scientific notation
+// (1.23456e+06). This routine is heavily optimized.
+// Required buffer size is `kSixDigitsToBufferSize`.
+size_t SixDigitsToBuffer(double d, char* buffer);
+
+// These functions are intended for speed. All functions take an output buffer
+// as an argument and return a pointer to the last byte they wrote, which is the
+// terminating '\0'. At most `kFastToBufferSize` bytes are written.
+char* FastIntToBuffer(int32_t, char*);
+char* FastIntToBuffer(uint32_t, char*);
+char* FastIntToBuffer(int64_t, char*);
+char* FastIntToBuffer(uint64_t, char*);
+
+// For enums and integer types that are not an exact match for the types above,
+// use templates to call the appropriate one of the four overloads above.
+template <typename int_type>
+char* FastIntToBuffer(int_type i, char* buffer) {
+  static_assert(sizeof(i) <= 64 / 8,
+                "FastIntToBuffer works only with 64-bit-or-less integers.");
+  // TODO(jorg): This signed-ness check is used because it works correctly
+  // with enums, and it also serves to check that int_type is not a pointer.
+  // If one day something like std::is_signed<enum E> works, switch to it.
+  if (static_cast<int_type>(1) - 2 < 0) {  // Signed
+    if (sizeof(i) > 32 / 8) {           // 33-bit to 64-bit
+      return FastIntToBuffer(static_cast<int64_t>(i), buffer);
+    } else {  // 32-bit or less
+      return FastIntToBuffer(static_cast<int32_t>(i), buffer);
+    }
+  } else {                     // Unsigned
+    if (sizeof(i) > 32 / 8) {  // 33-bit to 64-bit
+      return FastIntToBuffer(static_cast<uint64_t>(i), buffer);
+    } else {  // 32-bit or less
+      return FastIntToBuffer(static_cast<uint32_t>(i), buffer);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace numbers_internal
+
+// SimpleAtoi()
+//
+// Converts a std::string to an integer, using `safe_strto?()` functions for actual
+// parsing, returning `true` if successful. The `safe_strto?()` functions apply
+// strict checking; the std::string must be a base-10 integer, optionally followed or
+// preceded by ASCII whitespace, with a value in the range of the corresponding
+// integer type.
+template <typename int_type>
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT bool SimpleAtoi(absl::string_view s, int_type* out) {
+  static_assert(sizeof(*out) == 4 || sizeof(*out) == 8,
+                "SimpleAtoi works only with 32-bit or 64-bit integers.");
+  static_assert(!std::is_floating_point<int_type>::value,
+                "Use SimpleAtof or SimpleAtod instead.");
+  bool parsed;
+  // TODO(jorg): This signed-ness check is used because it works correctly
+  // with enums, and it also serves to check that int_type is not a pointer.
+  // If one day something like std::is_signed<enum E> works, switch to it.
+  if (static_cast<int_type>(1) - 2 < 0) {  // Signed
+    if (sizeof(*out) == 64 / 8) {       // 64-bit
+      int64_t val;
+      parsed = numbers_internal::safe_strto64_base(s, &val, 10);
+      *out = static_cast<int_type>(val);
+    } else {  // 32-bit
+      int32_t val;
+      parsed = numbers_internal::safe_strto32_base(s, &val, 10);
+      *out = static_cast<int_type>(val);
+    }
+  } else {                         // Unsigned
+    if (sizeof(*out) == 64 / 8) {  // 64-bit
+      uint64_t val;
+      parsed = numbers_internal::safe_strtou64_base(s, &val, 10);
+      *out = static_cast<int_type>(val);
+    } else {  // 32-bit
+      uint32_t val;
+      parsed = numbers_internal::safe_strtou32_base(s, &val, 10);
+      *out = static_cast<int_type>(val);
+    }
+  }
+  return parsed;
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_NUMBERS_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bb39ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/numbers_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,1186 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// This file tests std::string processing functions related to numeric values.
+
+#include "absl/strings/numbers.h"
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <cfenv>  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <climits>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <limits>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <random>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+#include "absl/strings/internal/numbers_test_common.inc"
+
+namespace {
+
+using absl::numbers_internal::kSixDigitsToBufferSize;
+using absl::numbers_internal::safe_strto32_base;
+using absl::numbers_internal::safe_strto64_base;
+using absl::numbers_internal::safe_strtou32_base;
+using absl::numbers_internal::safe_strtou64_base;
+using absl::numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer;
+using absl::SimpleAtoi;
+using testing::Eq;
+using testing::MatchesRegex;
+
+// Number of floats to test with.
+// 10,000,000 is a reasonable default for a test that only takes a few seconds.
+// 1,000,000,000+ triggers checking for all possible mantissa values for
+// double-precision tests. 2,000,000,000+ triggers checking for every possible
+// single-precision float.
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+// Use a smaller number on MSVC to avoid test time out (1 min)
+const int kFloatNumCases = 5000000;
+#else
+const int kFloatNumCases = 10000000;
+#endif
+
+// This is a slow, brute-force routine to compute the exact base-10
+// representation of a double-precision floating-point number.  It
+// is useful for debugging only.
+std::string PerfectDtoa(double d) {
+  if (d == 0) return "0";
+  if (d < 0) return "-" + PerfectDtoa(-d);
+
+  // Basic theory: decompose d into mantissa and exp, where
+  // d = mantissa * 2^exp, and exp is as close to zero as possible.
+  int64_t mantissa, exp = 0;
+  while (d >= 1ULL << 63) ++exp, d *= 0.5;
+  while ((mantissa = d) != d) --exp, d *= 2.0;
+
+  // Then convert mantissa to ASCII, and either double it (if
+  // exp > 0) or halve it (if exp < 0) repeatedly.  "halve it"
+  // in this case means multiplying it by five and dividing by 10.
+  constexpr int maxlen = 1100;  // worst case is actually 1030 or so.
+  char buf[maxlen + 5];
+  for (int64_t num = mantissa, pos = maxlen; --pos >= 0;) {
+    buf[pos] = '0' + (num % 10);
+    num /= 10;
+  }
+  char* begin = &buf[0];
+  char* end = buf + maxlen;
+  for (int i = 0; i != exp; i += (exp > 0) ? 1 : -1) {
+    int carry = 0;
+    for (char* p = end; --p != begin;) {
+      int dig = *p - '0';
+      dig = dig * (exp > 0 ? 2 : 5) + carry;
+      carry = dig / 10;
+      dig %= 10;
+      *p = '0' + dig;
+    }
+  }
+  if (exp < 0) {
+    // "dividing by 10" above means we have to add the decimal point.
+    memmove(end + 1 + exp, end + exp, 1 - exp);
+    end[exp] = '.';
+    ++end;
+  }
+  while (*begin == '0' && begin[1] != '.') ++begin;
+  return {begin, end};
+}
+
+TEST(ToString, PerfectDtoa) {
+  EXPECT_THAT(PerfectDtoa(1), Eq("1"));
+  EXPECT_THAT(PerfectDtoa(0.1),
+              Eq("0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625"));
+  EXPECT_THAT(PerfectDtoa(1e24), Eq("999999999999999983222784"));
+  EXPECT_THAT(PerfectDtoa(5e-324), MatchesRegex("0.0000.*625"));
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+    for (double multiplier :
+         {1e-300, 1e-200, 1e-100, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 1e100, 1e300}) {
+      double d = multiplier * i;
+      std::string s = PerfectDtoa(d);
+      EXPECT_EQ(d, strtod(s.c_str(), nullptr));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename integer>
+struct MyInteger {
+  integer i;
+  explicit constexpr MyInteger(integer i) : i(i) {}
+  constexpr operator integer() const { return i; }
+
+  constexpr MyInteger operator+(MyInteger other) const { return i + other.i; }
+  constexpr MyInteger operator-(MyInteger other) const { return i - other.i; }
+  constexpr MyInteger operator*(MyInteger other) const { return i * other.i; }
+  constexpr MyInteger operator/(MyInteger other) const { return i / other.i; }
+
+  constexpr bool operator<(MyInteger other) const { return i < other.i; }
+  constexpr bool operator<=(MyInteger other) const { return i <= other.i; }
+  constexpr bool operator==(MyInteger other) const { return i == other.i; }
+  constexpr bool operator>=(MyInteger other) const { return i >= other.i; }
+  constexpr bool operator>(MyInteger other) const { return i > other.i; }
+  constexpr bool operator!=(MyInteger other) const { return i != other.i; }
+
+  integer as_integer() const { return i; }
+};
+
+typedef MyInteger<int64_t> MyInt64;
+typedef MyInteger<uint64_t> MyUInt64;
+
+void CheckInt32(int32_t x) {
+  char buffer[absl::numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize];
+  char* actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, buffer);
+  std::string expected = std::to_string(x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(buffer, actual)) << " Input " << x;
+
+  char* generic_actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, buffer);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(buffer, generic_actual)) << " Input " << x;
+}
+
+void CheckInt64(int64_t x) {
+  char buffer[absl::numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize + 3];
+  buffer[0] = '*';
+  buffer[23] = '*';
+  buffer[24] = '*';
+  char* actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, &buffer[1]);
+  std::string expected = std::to_string(x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(&buffer[1], actual)) << " Input " << x;
+  EXPECT_EQ(buffer[0], '*');
+  EXPECT_EQ(buffer[23], '*');
+  EXPECT_EQ(buffer[24], '*');
+
+  char* my_actual =
+      absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(MyInt64(x), &buffer[1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(&buffer[1], my_actual)) << " Input " << x;
+}
+
+void CheckUInt32(uint32_t x) {
+  char buffer[absl::numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize];
+  char* actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, buffer);
+  std::string expected = std::to_string(x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(buffer, actual)) << " Input " << x;
+
+  char* generic_actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, buffer);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(buffer, generic_actual)) << " Input " << x;
+}
+
+void CheckUInt64(uint64_t x) {
+  char buffer[absl::numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize + 1];
+  char* actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, &buffer[1]);
+  std::string expected = std::to_string(x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(&buffer[1], actual)) << " Input " << x;
+
+  char* generic_actual = absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, &buffer[1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(&buffer[1], generic_actual)) << " Input " << x;
+
+  char* my_actual =
+      absl::numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(MyUInt64(x), &buffer[1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, std::string(&buffer[1], my_actual)) << " Input " << x;
+}
+
+void CheckHex64(uint64_t v) {
+  char expected[16 + 1];
+  std::string actual = absl::StrCat(absl::Hex(v, absl::kZeroPad16));
+  snprintf(expected, sizeof(expected), "%016" PRIx64, static_cast<uint64_t>(v));
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, actual) << " Input " << v;
+}
+
+TEST(Numbers, TestFastPrints) {
+  for (int i = -100; i <= 100; i++) {
+    CheckInt32(i);
+    CheckInt64(i);
+  }
+  for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
+    CheckUInt32(i);
+    CheckUInt64(i);
+  }
+  // Test min int to make sure that works
+  CheckInt32(INT_MIN);
+  CheckInt32(INT_MAX);
+  CheckInt64(LONG_MIN);
+  CheckInt64(uint64_t{1000000000});
+  CheckInt64(uint64_t{9999999999});
+  CheckInt64(uint64_t{100000000000000});
+  CheckInt64(uint64_t{999999999999999});
+  CheckInt64(uint64_t{1000000000000000000});
+  CheckInt64(uint64_t{1199999999999999999});
+  CheckInt64(int64_t{-700000000000000000});
+  CheckInt64(LONG_MAX);
+  CheckUInt32(std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
+  CheckUInt64(uint64_t{1000000000});
+  CheckUInt64(uint64_t{9999999999});
+  CheckUInt64(uint64_t{100000000000000});
+  CheckUInt64(uint64_t{999999999999999});
+  CheckUInt64(uint64_t{1000000000000000000});
+  CheckUInt64(uint64_t{1199999999999999999});
+  CheckUInt64(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+    CheckHex64(i);
+  }
+  CheckHex64(uint64_t{0x123456789abcdef0});
+}
+
+template <typename int_type, typename in_val_type>
+void VerifySimpleAtoiGood(in_val_type in_value, int_type exp_value) {
+  std::string s = absl::StrCat(in_value);
+  int_type x = static_cast<int_type>(~exp_value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(SimpleAtoi(s, &x))
+      << "in_value=" << in_value << " s=" << s << " x=" << x;
+  EXPECT_EQ(exp_value, x);
+  x = static_cast<int_type>(~exp_value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(SimpleAtoi(s.c_str(), &x));
+  EXPECT_EQ(exp_value, x);
+}
+
+template <typename int_type, typename in_val_type>
+void VerifySimpleAtoiBad(in_val_type in_value) {
+  std::string s = absl::StrCat(in_value);
+  int_type x;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(SimpleAtoi(s, &x));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(SimpleAtoi(s.c_str(), &x));
+}
+
+TEST(NumbersTest, Atoi) {
+  // SimpleAtoi(absl::string_view, int32_t)
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int32_t>(0, 0);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int32_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int32_t>(-42, -42);
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max());
+
+  // SimpleAtoi(absl::string_view, uint32_t)
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint32_t>(0, 0);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint32_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint32_t>(-42);
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(),
+                                 std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max(),
+                                 std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+
+  // SimpleAtoi(absl::string_view, int64_t)
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(0, 0);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(-42, -42);
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max(),
+                                std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<int64_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+
+  // SimpleAtoi(absl::string_view, uint64_t)
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(0, 0);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint64_t>(-42);
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(),
+                                 std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max(),
+                                 std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiBad<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max(),
+                                 std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max());
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(),
+                                 std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+
+  // Some other types
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int>(-42, -42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int32_t>(-42, -42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint32_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<unsigned int>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<int64_t>(-42, -42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<long>(-42, -42);  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<uint64_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<size_t>(42, 42);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<std::string::size_type>(42, 42);
+}
+
+TEST(NumbersTest, Atoenum) {
+  enum E01 {
+    E01_zero = 0,
+    E01_one = 1,
+  };
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E01>(E01_zero, E01_zero);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E01>(E01_one, E01_one);
+
+  enum E_101 {
+    E_101_minusone = -1,
+    E_101_zero = 0,
+    E_101_one = 1,
+  };
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_101>(E_101_minusone, E_101_minusone);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_101>(E_101_zero, E_101_zero);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_101>(E_101_one, E_101_one);
+
+  enum E_bigint {
+    E_bigint_zero = 0,
+    E_bigint_one = 1,
+    E_bigint_max31 = static_cast<int32_t>(0x7FFFFFFF),
+  };
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_bigint>(E_bigint_zero, E_bigint_zero);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_bigint>(E_bigint_one, E_bigint_one);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_bigint>(E_bigint_max31, E_bigint_max31);
+
+  enum E_fullint {
+    E_fullint_zero = 0,
+    E_fullint_one = 1,
+    E_fullint_max31 = static_cast<int32_t>(0x7FFFFFFF),
+    E_fullint_min32 = INT32_MIN,
+  };
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_fullint>(E_fullint_zero, E_fullint_zero);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_fullint>(E_fullint_one, E_fullint_one);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_fullint>(E_fullint_max31, E_fullint_max31);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_fullint>(E_fullint_min32, E_fullint_min32);
+
+  enum E_biguint {
+    E_biguint_zero = 0,
+    E_biguint_one = 1,
+    E_biguint_max31 = static_cast<uint32_t>(0x7FFFFFFF),
+    E_biguint_max32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(0xFFFFFFFF),
+  };
+
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_biguint>(E_biguint_zero, E_biguint_zero);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_biguint>(E_biguint_one, E_biguint_one);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_biguint>(E_biguint_max31, E_biguint_max31);
+  VerifySimpleAtoiGood<E_biguint>(E_biguint_max32, E_biguint_max32);
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto32_base) {
+  int32_t value;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("0x34234324", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("0X34234324", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("34234324", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("0", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base(" \t\n -0x34234324", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-0x34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base(" \t\n -34234324", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-0x34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("7654321", &value, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(07654321, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("-01234", &value, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-01234, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("1834", &value, 8));
+
+  // Autodetect base.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("0", &value, 0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("077", &value, 0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(077, value);  // Octal interpretation
+
+  // Leading zero indicates octal, but then followed by invalid digit.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("088", &value, 0));
+
+  // Leading 0x indicated hex, but then followed by invalid digit.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("0xG", &value, 0));
+
+  // Base-10 version.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("34234324", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("0", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base(" \t\n -34234324", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-34234324, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("34234324 \n\t ", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(34234324, value);
+
+  // Invalid ints.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("  ", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("abc", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("34234324a", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("34234.3", &value, 10));
+
+  // Out of bounds.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("2147483648", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("-2147483649", &value, 10));
+
+  // String version.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base(std::string("0x1234"), &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x1234, value);
+
+  // Base-10 std::string version.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("1234", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1234, value);
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto32_range) {
+  // These tests verify underflow/overflow behaviour.
+  int32_t value;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("2147483648", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(), value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto32_base("-2147483648", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min(), value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("-2147483649", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min(), value);
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto64_range) {
+  // These tests verify underflow/overflow behaviour.
+  int64_t value;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("9223372036854775808", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max(), value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("-9223372036854775808", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min(), value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("-9223372036854775809", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min(), value);
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto32_leading_substring) {
+  // These tests verify this comment in numbers.h:
+  // On error, returns false, and sets *value to: [...]
+  //   conversion of leading substring if available ("123@@@" -> 123)
+  //   0 if no leading substring available
+  int32_t value;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("04069@@@", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(4069, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("04069@@@", &value, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0406, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("04069balloons", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(4069, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("04069balloons", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x4069ba, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto32_base("@@@", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);  // there was no leading substring
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto64_leading_substring) {
+  // These tests verify this comment in numbers.h:
+  // On error, returns false, and sets *value to: [...]
+  //   conversion of leading substring if available ("123@@@" -> 123)
+  //   0 if no leading substring available
+  int64_t value;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("04069@@@", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(4069, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("04069@@@", &value, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0406, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("04069balloons", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(4069, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("04069balloons", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x4069ba, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("@@@", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);  // there was no leading substring
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto64_base) {
+  int64_t value;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("0x3423432448783446", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{0x3423432448783446}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("3423432448783446", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{0x3423432448783446}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("0", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base(" \t\n -0x3423432448783446", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{-0x3423432448783446}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base(" \t\n -3423432448783446", &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{-0x3423432448783446}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("123456701234567012", &value, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{0123456701234567012}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("-017777777777777", &value, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{-017777777777777}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("19777777777777", &value, 8));
+
+  // Autodetect base.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("0", &value, 0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("077", &value, 0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(077, value);  // Octal interpretation
+
+  // Leading zero indicates octal, but then followed by invalid digit.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("088", &value, 0));
+
+  // Leading 0x indicated hex, but then followed by invalid digit.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("0xG", &value, 0));
+
+  // Base-10 version.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("34234324487834466", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{34234324487834466}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("0", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base(" \t\n -34234324487834466", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{-34234324487834466}, value);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("34234324487834466 \n\t ", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(int64_t{34234324487834466}, value);
+
+  // Invalid ints.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("  ", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("abc", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("34234324487834466a", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("34234487834466.3", &value, 10));
+
+  // Out of bounds.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("9223372036854775808", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(safe_strto64_base("-9223372036854775809", &value, 10));
+
+  // String version.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base(std::string("0x1234"), &value, 16));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x1234, value);
+
+  // Base-10 std::string version.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(safe_strto64_base("1234", &value, 10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1234, value);
+}
+
+const size_t kNumRandomTests = 10000;
+
+template <typename IntType>
+void test_random_integer_parse_base(bool (*parse_func)(absl::string_view,
+                                                       IntType* value,
+                                                       int base)) {
+  using RandomEngine = std::minstd_rand0;
+  std::random_device rd;
+  RandomEngine rng(rd());
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<IntType> random_int(
+      std::numeric_limits<IntType>::min());
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<int> random_base(2, 35);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumRandomTests; i++) {
+    IntType value = random_int(rng);
+    int base = random_base(rng);
+    std::string str_value;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(Itoa<IntType>(value, base, &str_value));
+    IntType parsed_value;
+
+    // Test successful parse
+    EXPECT_TRUE(parse_func(str_value, &parsed_value, base));
+    EXPECT_EQ(parsed_value, value);
+
+    // Test overflow
+    EXPECT_FALSE(
+        parse_func(absl::StrCat(std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max(), value),
+                   &parsed_value, base));
+
+    // Test underflow
+    if (std::numeric_limits<IntType>::min() < 0) {
+      EXPECT_FALSE(
+          parse_func(absl::StrCat(std::numeric_limits<IntType>::min(), value),
+                     &parsed_value, base));
+    } else {
+      EXPECT_FALSE(parse_func(absl::StrCat("-", value), &parsed_value, base));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto32_random) {
+  test_random_integer_parse_base<int32_t>(&safe_strto32_base);
+}
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strto64_random) {
+  test_random_integer_parse_base<int64_t>(&safe_strto64_base);
+}
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strtou32_random) {
+  test_random_integer_parse_base<uint32_t>(&safe_strtou32_base);
+}
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strtou64_random) {
+  test_random_integer_parse_base<uint64_t>(&safe_strtou64_base);
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strtou32_base) {
+  for (int i = 0; strtouint32_test_cases[i].str != nullptr; ++i) {
+    const auto& e = strtouint32_test_cases[i];
+    uint32_t value;
+    EXPECT_EQ(e.expect_ok, safe_strtou32_base(e.str, &value, e.base))
+        << "str=\"" << e.str << "\" base=" << e.base;
+    if (e.expect_ok) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(e.expected, value) << "i=" << i << " str=\"" << e.str
+                                   << "\" base=" << e.base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strtou32_base_length_delimited) {
+  for (int i = 0; strtouint32_test_cases[i].str != nullptr; ++i) {
+    const auto& e = strtouint32_test_cases[i];
+    std::string tmp(e.str);
+    tmp.append("12");  // Adds garbage at the end.
+
+    uint32_t value;
+    EXPECT_EQ(e.expect_ok,
+              safe_strtou32_base(absl::string_view(tmp.data(), strlen(e.str)),
+                                 &value, e.base))
+        << "str=\"" << e.str << "\" base=" << e.base;
+    if (e.expect_ok) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(e.expected, value) << "i=" << i << " str=" << e.str
+                                   << " base=" << e.base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strtou64_base) {
+  for (int i = 0; strtouint64_test_cases[i].str != nullptr; ++i) {
+    const auto& e = strtouint64_test_cases[i];
+    uint64_t value;
+    EXPECT_EQ(e.expect_ok, safe_strtou64_base(e.str, &value, e.base))
+        << "str=\"" << e.str << "\" base=" << e.base;
+    if (e.expect_ok) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(e.expected, value) << "str=" << e.str << " base=" << e.base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(stringtest, safe_strtou64_base_length_delimited) {
+  for (int i = 0; strtouint64_test_cases[i].str != nullptr; ++i) {
+    const auto& e = strtouint64_test_cases[i];
+    std::string tmp(e.str);
+    tmp.append("12");  // Adds garbage at the end.
+
+    uint64_t value;
+    EXPECT_EQ(e.expect_ok,
+              safe_strtou64_base(absl::string_view(tmp.data(), strlen(e.str)),
+                                 &value, e.base))
+        << "str=\"" << e.str << "\" base=" << e.base;
+    if (e.expect_ok) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(e.expected, value) << "str=\"" << e.str << "\" base=" << e.base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// feenableexcept() and fedisableexcept() are missing on Mac OS X, MSVC.
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__APPLE__)
+#define ABSL_MISSING_FEENABLEEXCEPT 1
+#define ABSL_MISSING_FEDISABLEEXCEPT 1
+#endif
+
+class SimpleDtoaTest : public testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    // Store the current floating point env & clear away any pending exceptions.
+    feholdexcept(&fp_env_);
+#ifndef ABSL_MISSING_FEENABLEEXCEPT
+    // Turn on floating point exceptions.
+    feenableexcept(FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_INVALID | FE_OVERFLOW);
+#endif
+  }
+
+  void TearDown() override {
+    // Restore the floating point environment to the original state.
+    // In theory fedisableexcept is unnecessary; fesetenv will also do it.
+    // In practice, our toolchains have subtle bugs.
+#ifndef ABSL_MISSING_FEDISABLEEXCEPT
+    fedisableexcept(FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_INVALID | FE_OVERFLOW);
+#endif
+    fesetenv(&fp_env_);
+  }
+
+  std::string ToNineDigits(double value) {
+    char buffer[16];  // more than enough for %.9g
+    snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%.9g", value);
+    return buffer;
+  }
+
+  fenv_t fp_env_;
+};
+
+// Run the given runnable functor for "cases" test cases, chosen over the
+// available range of float.  pi and e and 1/e are seeded, and then all
+// available integer powers of 2 and 10 are multiplied against them.  In
+// addition to trying all those values, we try the next higher and next lower
+// float, and then we add additional test cases evenly distributed between them.
+// Each test case is passed to runnable as both a positive and negative value.
+template <typename R>
+void ExhaustiveFloat(uint32_t cases, R&& runnable) {
+  runnable(0.0f);
+  runnable(-0.0f);
+  if (cases >= 2e9) {  // more than 2 billion?  Might as well run them all.
+    for (float f = 0; f < std::numeric_limits<float>::max(); ) {
+      f = nextafterf(f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max());
+      runnable(-f);
+      runnable(f);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  std::set<float> floats = {3.4028234e38f};
+  for (float f : {1.0, 3.14159265, 2.718281828, 1 / 2.718281828}) {
+    for (float testf = f; testf != 0; testf *= 0.1f) floats.insert(testf);
+    for (float testf = f; testf != 0; testf *= 0.5f) floats.insert(testf);
+    for (float testf = f; testf < 3e38f / 2; testf *= 2.0f)
+      floats.insert(testf);
+    for (float testf = f; testf < 3e38f / 10; testf *= 10) floats.insert(testf);
+  }
+
+  float last = *floats.begin();
+
+  runnable(last);
+  runnable(-last);
+  int iters_per_float = cases / floats.size();
+  if (iters_per_float == 0) iters_per_float = 1;
+  for (float f : floats) {
+    if (f == last) continue;
+    float testf = nextafter(last, std::numeric_limits<float>::max());
+    runnable(testf);
+    runnable(-testf);
+    last = testf;
+    if (f == last) continue;
+    double step = (double{f} - last) / iters_per_float;
+    for (double d = last + step; d < f; d += step) {
+      testf = d;
+      if (testf != last) {
+        runnable(testf);
+        runnable(-testf);
+        last = testf;
+      }
+    }
+    testf = nextafter(f, 0.0f);
+    if (testf > last) {
+      runnable(testf);
+      runnable(-testf);
+      last = testf;
+    }
+    if (f != last) {
+      runnable(f);
+      runnable(-f);
+      last = f;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(SimpleDtoaTest, ExhaustiveDoubleToSixDigits) {
+  uint64_t test_count = 0;
+  std::vector<double> mismatches;
+  auto checker = [&](double d) {
+    if (d != d) return;  // rule out NaNs
+    ++test_count;
+    char sixdigitsbuf[kSixDigitsToBufferSize] = {0};
+    SixDigitsToBuffer(d, sixdigitsbuf);
+    char snprintfbuf[kSixDigitsToBufferSize] = {0};
+    snprintf(snprintfbuf, kSixDigitsToBufferSize, "%g", d);
+    if (strcmp(sixdigitsbuf, snprintfbuf) != 0) {
+      mismatches.push_back(d);
+      if (mismatches.size() < 10) {
+        ABSL_RAW_LOG(ERROR, "%s",
+                     absl::StrCat("Six-digit failure with double.  ", "d=", d,
+                                  "=", d, " sixdigits=", sixdigitsbuf,
+                                  " printf(%g)=", snprintfbuf)
+                         .c_str());
+      }
+    }
+  };
+  // Some quick sanity checks...
+  checker(5e-324);
+  checker(1e-308);
+  checker(1.0);
+  checker(1.000005);
+  checker(1.7976931348623157e308);
+  checker(0.00390625);
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+  // on MSVC, snprintf() rounds it to 0.00195313. SixDigitsToBuffer() rounds it
+  // to 0.00195312 (round half to even).
+  checker(0.001953125);
+#endif
+  checker(0.005859375);
+  // Some cases where the rounding is very very close
+  checker(1.089095e-15);
+  checker(3.274195e-55);
+  checker(6.534355e-146);
+  checker(2.920845e+234);
+
+  if (mismatches.empty()) {
+    test_count = 0;
+    ExhaustiveFloat(kFloatNumCases, checker);
+
+    test_count = 0;
+    std::vector<int> digit_testcases{
+        100000, 100001, 100002, 100005, 100010, 100020, 100050, 100100,  // misc
+        195312, 195313,  // 1.953125 is a case where we round down, just barely.
+        200000, 500000, 800000,  // misc mid-range cases
+        585937, 585938,  // 5.859375 is a case where we round up, just barely.
+        900000, 990000, 999000, 999900, 999990, 999996, 999997, 999998, 999999};
+    if (kFloatNumCases >= 1e9) {
+      // If at least 1 billion test cases were requested, user wants an
+      // exhaustive test. So let's test all mantissas, too.
+      constexpr int min_mantissa = 100000, max_mantissa = 999999;
+      digit_testcases.resize(max_mantissa - min_mantissa + 1);
+      std::iota(digit_testcases.begin(), digit_testcases.end(), min_mantissa);
+    }
+
+    for (int exponent = -324; exponent <= 308; ++exponent) {
+      double powten = pow(10.0, exponent);
+      if (powten == 0) powten = 5e-324;
+      if (kFloatNumCases >= 1e9) {
+        // The exhaustive test takes a very long time, so log progress.
+        char buf[kSixDigitsToBufferSize];
+        ABSL_RAW_LOG(
+            INFO, "%s",
+            absl::StrCat("Exp ", exponent, " powten=", powten, "(",
+                         powten, ") (",
+                         std::string(buf, SixDigitsToBuffer(powten, buf)), ")")
+                .c_str());
+      }
+      for (int digits : digit_testcases) {
+        if (exponent == 308 && digits >= 179769) break;  // don't overflow!
+        double digiform = (digits + 0.5) * 0.00001;
+        double testval = digiform * powten;
+        double pretestval = nextafter(testval, 0);
+        double posttestval = nextafter(testval, 1.7976931348623157e308);
+        checker(testval);
+        checker(pretestval);
+        checker(posttestval);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    EXPECT_EQ(mismatches.size(), 0);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mismatches.size(); ++i) {
+      if (i > 100) i = mismatches.size() - 1;
+      double d = mismatches[i];
+      char sixdigitsbuf[kSixDigitsToBufferSize] = {0};
+      SixDigitsToBuffer(d, sixdigitsbuf);
+      char snprintfbuf[kSixDigitsToBufferSize] = {0};
+      snprintf(snprintfbuf, kSixDigitsToBufferSize, "%g", d);
+      double before = nextafter(d, 0.0);
+      double after = nextafter(d, 1.7976931348623157e308);
+      char b1[32], b2[kSixDigitsToBufferSize];
+      ABSL_RAW_LOG(
+          ERROR, "%s",
+          absl::StrCat(
+              "Mismatch #", i, "  d=", d, " (", ToNineDigits(d), ")",
+              " sixdigits='", sixdigitsbuf, "'", " snprintf='", snprintfbuf,
+              "'", " Before.=", PerfectDtoa(before), " ",
+              (SixDigitsToBuffer(before, b2), b2),
+              " vs snprintf=", (snprintf(b1, sizeof(b1), "%g", before), b1),
+              " Perfect=", PerfectDtoa(d), " ", (SixDigitsToBuffer(d, b2), b2),
+              " vs snprintf=", (snprintf(b1, sizeof(b1), "%g", d), b1),
+              " After.=.", PerfectDtoa(after), " ",
+              (SixDigitsToBuffer(after, b2), b2),
+              " vs snprintf=", (snprintf(b1, sizeof(b1), "%g", after), b1))
+              .c_str());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToInt32, Partial) {
+  struct Int32TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    int32_t value;
+  };
+  const int32_t int32_min = std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min();
+  const int32_t int32_max = std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max();
+  Int32TestLine int32_test_line[] = {
+      {"", false, 0},
+      {" ", false, 0},
+      {"-", false, 0},
+      {"123@@@", false, 123},
+      {absl::StrCat(int32_min, int32_max), false, int32_min},
+      {absl::StrCat(int32_max, int32_max), false, int32_max},
+  };
+
+  for (const Int32TestLine& test_line : int32_test_line) {
+    int32_t value = -2;
+    bool status = safe_strto32_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = -2;
+    status = safe_strto32_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = -2;
+    status = safe_strto32_base(absl::string_view(test_line.input), &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToUint32, Partial) {
+  struct Uint32TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    uint32_t value;
+  };
+  const uint32_t uint32_max = std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+  Uint32TestLine uint32_test_line[] = {
+      {"", false, 0},
+      {" ", false, 0},
+      {"-", false, 0},
+      {"123@@@", false, 123},
+      {absl::StrCat(uint32_max, uint32_max), false, uint32_max},
+  };
+
+  for (const Uint32TestLine& test_line : uint32_test_line) {
+    uint32_t value = 2;
+    bool status = safe_strtou32_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = 2;
+    status = safe_strtou32_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = 2;
+    status = safe_strtou32_base(absl::string_view(test_line.input), &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToInt64, Partial) {
+  struct Int64TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    int64_t value;
+  };
+  const int64_t int64_min = std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min();
+  const int64_t int64_max = std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max();
+  Int64TestLine int64_test_line[] = {
+      {"", false, 0},
+      {" ", false, 0},
+      {"-", false, 0},
+      {"123@@@", false, 123},
+      {absl::StrCat(int64_min, int64_max), false, int64_min},
+      {absl::StrCat(int64_max, int64_max), false, int64_max},
+  };
+
+  for (const Int64TestLine& test_line : int64_test_line) {
+    int64_t value = -2;
+    bool status = safe_strto64_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = -2;
+    status = safe_strto64_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = -2;
+    status = safe_strto64_base(absl::string_view(test_line.input), &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToUint64, Partial) {
+  struct Uint64TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    uint64_t value;
+  };
+  const uint64_t uint64_max = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
+  Uint64TestLine uint64_test_line[] = {
+      {"", false, 0},
+      {" ", false, 0},
+      {"-", false, 0},
+      {"123@@@", false, 123},
+      {absl::StrCat(uint64_max, uint64_max), false, uint64_max},
+  };
+
+  for (const Uint64TestLine& test_line : uint64_test_line) {
+    uint64_t value = 2;
+    bool status = safe_strtou64_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = 2;
+    status = safe_strtou64_base(test_line.input, &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+    value = 2;
+    status = safe_strtou64_base(absl::string_view(test_line.input), &value, 10);
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.status, status) << test_line.input;
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_line.value, value) << test_line.input;
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToInt32Base, PrefixOnly) {
+  struct Int32TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    int32_t value;
+  };
+  Int32TestLine int32_test_line[] = {
+    { "", false, 0 },
+    { "-", false, 0 },
+    { "-0", true, 0 },
+    { "0", true, 0 },
+    { "0x", false, 0 },
+    { "-0x", false, 0 },
+  };
+  const int base_array[] = { 0, 2, 8, 10, 16 };
+
+  for (const Int32TestLine& line : int32_test_line) {
+    for (const int base : base_array) {
+      int32_t value = 2;
+      bool status = safe_strto32_base(line.input.c_str(), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strto32_base(line.input, &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strto32_base(absl::string_view(line.input), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToUint32Base, PrefixOnly) {
+  struct Uint32TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    uint32_t value;
+  };
+  Uint32TestLine uint32_test_line[] = {
+    { "", false, 0 },
+    { "0", true, 0 },
+    { "0x", false, 0 },
+  };
+  const int base_array[] = { 0, 2, 8, 10, 16 };
+
+  for (const Uint32TestLine& line : uint32_test_line) {
+    for (const int base : base_array) {
+      uint32_t value = 2;
+      bool status = safe_strtou32_base(line.input.c_str(), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strtou32_base(line.input, &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strtou32_base(absl::string_view(line.input), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToInt64Base, PrefixOnly) {
+  struct Int64TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    int64_t value;
+  };
+  Int64TestLine int64_test_line[] = {
+    { "", false, 0 },
+    { "-", false, 0 },
+    { "-0", true, 0 },
+    { "0", true, 0 },
+    { "0x", false, 0 },
+    { "-0x", false, 0 },
+  };
+  const int base_array[] = { 0, 2, 8, 10, 16 };
+
+  for (const Int64TestLine& line : int64_test_line) {
+    for (const int base : base_array) {
+      int64_t value = 2;
+      bool status = safe_strto64_base(line.input.c_str(), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strto64_base(line.input, &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strto64_base(absl::string_view(line.input), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrToUint64Base, PrefixOnly) {
+  struct Uint64TestLine {
+    std::string input;
+    bool status;
+    uint64_t value;
+  };
+  Uint64TestLine uint64_test_line[] = {
+    { "", false, 0 },
+    { "0", true, 0 },
+    { "0x", false, 0 },
+  };
+  const int base_array[] = { 0, 2, 8, 10, 16 };
+
+  for (const Uint64TestLine& line : uint64_test_line) {
+    for (const int base : base_array) {
+      uint64_t value = 2;
+      bool status = safe_strtou64_base(line.input.c_str(), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strtou64_base(line.input, &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+      value = 2;
+      status = safe_strtou64_base(absl::string_view(line.input), &value, base);
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.status, status) << line.input << " " << base;
+      EXPECT_EQ(line.value, value) << line.input << " " << base;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99eb289
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/resize_uninitialized.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+AlphaNum::AlphaNum(Hex hex) {
+  char* const end = &digits_[numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize];
+  char* writer = end;
+  uint64_t value = hex.value;
+  static const char hexdigits[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+  do {
+    *--writer = hexdigits[value & 0xF];
+    value >>= 4;
+  } while (value != 0);
+
+  char* beg;
+  if (end - writer < hex.width) {
+    beg = end - hex.width;
+    std::fill_n(beg, writer - beg, hex.fill);
+  } else {
+    beg = writer;
+  }
+
+  piece_ = absl::string_view(beg, end - beg);
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// StrCat()
+//    This merges the given strings or integers, with no delimiter.  This
+//    is designed to be the fastest possible way to construct a std::string out
+//    of a mix of raw C strings, StringPieces, strings, and integer values.
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Append is merely a version of memcpy that returns the address of the byte
+// after the area just overwritten.
+static char* Append(char* out, const AlphaNum& x) {
+  // memcpy is allowed to overwrite arbitrary memory, so doing this after the
+  // call would force an extra fetch of x.size().
+  char* after = out + x.size();
+  memcpy(out, x.data(), x.size());
+  return after;
+}
+
+std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b) {
+  std::string result;
+  absl::strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(&result,
+                                                       a.size() + b.size());
+  char* const begin = &*result.begin();
+  char* out = begin;
+  out = Append(out, a);
+  out = Append(out, b);
+  assert(out == begin + result.size());
+  return result;
+}
+
+std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b, const AlphaNum& c) {
+  std::string result;
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(
+      &result, a.size() + b.size() + c.size());
+  char* const begin = &*result.begin();
+  char* out = begin;
+  out = Append(out, a);
+  out = Append(out, b);
+  out = Append(out, c);
+  assert(out == begin + result.size());
+  return result;
+}
+
+std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b, const AlphaNum& c,
+              const AlphaNum& d) {
+  std::string result;
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(
+      &result, a.size() + b.size() + c.size() + d.size());
+  char* const begin = &*result.begin();
+  char* out = begin;
+  out = Append(out, a);
+  out = Append(out, b);
+  out = Append(out, c);
+  out = Append(out, d);
+  assert(out == begin + result.size());
+  return result;
+}
+
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+// Do not call directly - these are not part of the public API.
+std::string CatPieces(std::initializer_list<absl::string_view> pieces) {
+  std::string result;
+  size_t total_size = 0;
+  for (const absl::string_view piece : pieces) total_size += piece.size();
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(&result, total_size);
+
+  char* const begin = &*result.begin();
+  char* out = begin;
+  for (const absl::string_view piece : pieces) {
+    const size_t this_size = piece.size();
+    memcpy(out, piece.data(), this_size);
+    out += this_size;
+  }
+  assert(out == begin + result.size());
+  return result;
+}
+
+// It's possible to call StrAppend with an absl::string_view that is itself a
+// fragment of the std::string we're appending to.  However the results of this are
+// random. Therefore, check for this in debug mode.  Use unsigned math so we
+// only have to do one comparison. Note, there's an exception case: appending an
+// empty std::string is always allowed.
+#define ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(dest, src) \
+  assert(((src).size() == 0) ||      \
+         (uintptr_t((src).data() - (dest).data()) > uintptr_t((dest).size())))
+
+void AppendPieces(std::string* dest,
+                  std::initializer_list<absl::string_view> pieces) {
+  size_t old_size = dest->size();
+  size_t total_size = old_size;
+  for (const absl::string_view piece : pieces) {
+    ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, piece);
+    total_size += piece.size();
+  }
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(dest, total_size);
+
+  char* const begin = &*dest->begin();
+  char* out = begin + old_size;
+  for (const absl::string_view piece : pieces) {
+    const size_t this_size = piece.size();
+    memcpy(out, piece.data(), this_size);
+    out += this_size;
+  }
+  assert(out == begin + dest->size());
+}
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a) {
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, a);
+  dest->append(a.data(), a.size());
+}
+
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b) {
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, a);
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, b);
+  std::string::size_type old_size = dest->size();
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(
+      dest, old_size + a.size() + b.size());
+  char* const begin = &*dest->begin();
+  char* out = begin + old_size;
+  out = Append(out, a);
+  out = Append(out, b);
+  assert(out == begin + dest->size());
+}
+
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+               const AlphaNum& c) {
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, a);
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, b);
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, c);
+  std::string::size_type old_size = dest->size();
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(
+      dest, old_size + a.size() + b.size() + c.size());
+  char* const begin = &*dest->begin();
+  char* out = begin + old_size;
+  out = Append(out, a);
+  out = Append(out, b);
+  out = Append(out, c);
+  assert(out == begin + dest->size());
+}
+
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+               const AlphaNum& c, const AlphaNum& d) {
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, a);
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, b);
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, c);
+  ASSERT_NO_OVERLAP(*dest, d);
+  std::string::size_type old_size = dest->size();
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(
+      dest, old_size + a.size() + b.size() + c.size() + d.size());
+  char* const begin = &*dest->begin();
+  char* out = begin + old_size;
+  out = Append(out, a);
+  out = Append(out, b);
+  out = Append(out, c);
+  out = Append(out, d);
+  assert(out == begin + dest->size());
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cf7b11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat.h
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: str_cat.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This package contains functions for efficiently concatenating and appending
+// strings: `StrCat()` and `StrAppend()`. Most of the work within these routines
+// is actually handled through use of a special AlphaNum type, which was
+// designed to be used as a parameter type that efficiently manages conversion
+// to strings and avoids copies in the above operations.
+//
+// Any routine accepting either a std::string or a number may accept `AlphaNum`.
+// The basic idea is that by accepting a `const AlphaNum &` as an argument
+// to your function, your callers will automagically convert bools, integers,
+// and floating point values to strings for you.
+//
+// NOTE: Use of `AlphaNum` outside of the //absl/strings package is unsupported
+// except for the specific case of function parameters of type `AlphaNum` or
+// `const AlphaNum &`. In particular, instantiating `AlphaNum` directly as a
+// stack variable is not supported.
+//
+// Conversion from 8-bit values is not accepted because, if it were, then an
+// attempt to pass ':' instead of ":" might result in a 58 ending up in your
+// result.
+//
+// Bools convert to "0" or "1".
+//
+// Floating point numbers are formatted with six-digit precision, which is
+// the default for "std::cout <<" or printf "%g" (the same as "%.6g").
+//
+//
+// You can convert to hexadecimal output rather than decimal output using the
+// `Hex` type contained here. To do so, pass `Hex(my_int)` as a parameter to
+// `StrCat()` or `StrAppend()`. You may specify a minimum hex field width using
+// a `PadSpec` enum.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_STR_CAT_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_STR_CAT_H_
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+#include "absl/strings/numbers.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+namespace strings_internal {
+// AlphaNumBuffer allows a way to pass a std::string to StrCat without having to do
+// memory allocation.  It is simply a pair of a fixed-size character array, and
+// a size.  Please don't use outside of absl, yet.
+template <size_t max_size>
+struct AlphaNumBuffer {
+  std::array<char, max_size> data;
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+
+// Enum that specifies the number of significant digits to return in a `Hex`
+// conversion and fill character to use. A `kZeroPad2` value, for example, would
+// produce hexadecimal strings such as "0A","0F" and 'kSpacePad5' value would
+// produce hexadecimal strings such as "    A","    F".
+enum PadSpec {
+  kNoPad = 1,
+  kZeroPad2,
+  kZeroPad3,
+  kZeroPad4,
+  kZeroPad5,
+  kZeroPad6,
+  kZeroPad7,
+  kZeroPad8,
+  kZeroPad9,
+  kZeroPad10,
+  kZeroPad11,
+  kZeroPad12,
+  kZeroPad13,
+  kZeroPad14,
+  kZeroPad15,
+  kZeroPad16,
+
+  kSpacePad2 = kZeroPad2 + 64,
+  kSpacePad3,
+  kSpacePad4,
+  kSpacePad5,
+  kSpacePad6,
+  kSpacePad7,
+  kSpacePad8,
+  kSpacePad9,
+  kSpacePad10,
+  kSpacePad11,
+  kSpacePad12,
+  kSpacePad13,
+  kSpacePad14,
+  kSpacePad15,
+  kSpacePad16,
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hex
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// `Hex` stores a set of hexadecimal std::string conversion parameters for use
+// within `AlphaNum` std::string conversions.
+struct Hex {
+  uint64_t value;
+  uint8_t width;
+  char fill;
+
+  template <typename Int>
+  explicit Hex(Int v, PadSpec spec = absl::kNoPad,
+               typename std::enable_if<sizeof(Int) == 1>::type* = nullptr)
+      : Hex(spec, static_cast<uint8_t>(v)) {}
+  template <typename Int>
+  explicit Hex(Int v, PadSpec spec = absl::kNoPad,
+               typename std::enable_if<sizeof(Int) == 2>::type* = nullptr)
+      : Hex(spec, static_cast<uint16_t>(v)) {}
+  template <typename Int>
+  explicit Hex(Int v, PadSpec spec = absl::kNoPad,
+               typename std::enable_if<sizeof(Int) == 4>::type* = nullptr)
+      : Hex(spec, static_cast<uint32_t>(v)) {}
+  template <typename Int>
+  explicit Hex(Int v, PadSpec spec = absl::kNoPad,
+               typename std::enable_if<sizeof(Int) == 8>::type* = nullptr)
+      : Hex(spec, static_cast<uint64_t>(v)) {}
+
+ private:
+  Hex(PadSpec spec, uint64_t v)
+      : value(v),
+        width(spec == absl::kNoPad
+                  ? 1
+                  : spec >= absl::kSpacePad2 ? spec - absl::kSpacePad2 + 2
+                                             : spec - absl::kZeroPad2 + 2),
+        fill(spec >= absl::kSpacePad2 ? ' ' : '0') {}
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// AlphaNum
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// The `AlphaNum` class acts as the main parameter type for `StrCat()` and
+// `StrAppend()`, providing efficient conversion of numeric, boolean, and
+// hexadecimal values (through the `Hex` type) into strings.
+
+class AlphaNum {
+ public:
+  // No bool ctor -- bools convert to an integral type.
+  // A bool ctor would also convert incoming pointers (bletch).
+
+  AlphaNum(int x)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(digits_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, digits_) - &digits_[0]) {}
+  AlphaNum(unsigned int x)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(digits_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, digits_) - &digits_[0]) {}
+  AlphaNum(long x)  // NOLINT(*)
+      : piece_(digits_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, digits_) - &digits_[0]) {}
+  AlphaNum(unsigned long x)  // NOLINT(*)
+      : piece_(digits_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, digits_) - &digits_[0]) {}
+  AlphaNum(long long x)  // NOLINT(*)
+      : piece_(digits_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, digits_) - &digits_[0]) {}
+  AlphaNum(unsigned long long x)  // NOLINT(*)
+      : piece_(digits_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(x, digits_) - &digits_[0]) {}
+
+  AlphaNum(float f)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(digits_, numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer(f, digits_)) {}
+  AlphaNum(double f)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(digits_, numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer(f, digits_)) {}
+
+  AlphaNum(Hex hex);  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+
+  template <size_t size>
+  AlphaNum(  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      const strings_internal::AlphaNumBuffer<size>& buf)
+      : piece_(&buf.data[0], buf.size) {}
+
+  AlphaNum(const char* c_str) : piece_(c_str) {}  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+  AlphaNum(absl::string_view pc) : piece_(pc) {}  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+  template <typename Allocator>
+  AlphaNum(  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      const std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, Allocator>& str)
+      : piece_(str) {}
+
+  // Use std::string literals ":" instead of character literals ':'.
+  AlphaNum(char c) = delete;  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+
+  AlphaNum(const AlphaNum&) = delete;
+  AlphaNum& operator=(const AlphaNum&) = delete;
+
+  absl::string_view::size_type size() const { return piece_.size(); }
+  const char* data() const { return piece_.data(); }
+  absl::string_view Piece() const { return piece_; }
+
+  // Normal enums are already handled by the integer formatters.
+  // This overload matches only scoped enums.
+  template <typename T,
+            typename = typename std::enable_if<
+                std::is_enum<T>{} && !std::is_convertible<T, int>{}>::type>
+  AlphaNum(T e)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : AlphaNum(static_cast<typename std::underlying_type<T>::type>(e)) {}
+
+ private:
+  absl::string_view piece_;
+  char digits_[numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize];
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// StrCat()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Merges given strings or numbers, using no delimiter(s).
+//
+// `StrCat()` is designed to be the fastest possible way to construct a std::string
+// out of a mix of raw C strings, string_views, strings, bool values,
+// and numeric values.
+//
+// Don't use `StrCat()` for user-visible strings. The localization process
+// works poorly on strings built up out of fragments.
+//
+// For clarity and performance, don't use `StrCat()` when appending to a
+// std::string. Use `StrAppend()` instead. In particular, avoid using any of these
+// (anti-)patterns:
+//
+//   str.append(StrCat(...))
+//   str += StrCat(...)
+//   str = StrCat(str, ...)
+//
+// The last case is the worst, with a potential to change a loop
+// from a linear time operation with O(1) dynamic allocations into a
+// quadratic time operation with O(n) dynamic allocations.
+//
+// See `StrAppend()` below for more information.
+
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+// Do not call directly - this is not part of the public API.
+std::string CatPieces(std::initializer_list<absl::string_view> pieces);
+void AppendPieces(std::string* dest,
+                  std::initializer_list<absl::string_view> pieces);
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string StrCat() { return std::string(); }
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a) {
+  return std::string(a.data(), a.size());
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b);
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+                                   const AlphaNum& c);
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+                                   const AlphaNum& c, const AlphaNum& d);
+
+// Support 5 or more arguments
+template <typename... AV>
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string StrCat(const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+                                          const AlphaNum& c, const AlphaNum& d,
+                                          const AlphaNum& e,
+                                          const AV&... args) {
+  return strings_internal::CatPieces(
+      {a.Piece(), b.Piece(), c.Piece(), d.Piece(), e.Piece(),
+       static_cast<const AlphaNum&>(args).Piece()...});
+}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// StrAppend()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Appends a std::string or set of strings to an existing std::string, in a similar
+// fashion to `StrCat()`.
+//
+// WARNING: `StrAppend(&str, a, b, c, ...)` requires that none of the
+// a, b, c, parameters be a reference into str. For speed, `StrAppend()` does
+// not try to check each of its input arguments to be sure that they are not
+// a subset of the std::string being appended to. That is, while this will work:
+//
+//   std::string s = "foo";
+//   s += s;
+//
+// This output is undefined:
+//
+//   std::string s = "foo";
+//   StrAppend(&s, s);
+//
+// This output is undefined as well, since `absl::string_view` does not own its
+// data:
+//
+//   std::string s = "foobar";
+//   absl::string_view p = s;
+//   StrAppend(&s, p);
+
+inline void StrAppend(std::string*) {}
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a);
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b);
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+               const AlphaNum& c);
+void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+               const AlphaNum& c, const AlphaNum& d);
+
+// Support 5 or more arguments
+template <typename... AV>
+inline void StrAppend(std::string* dest, const AlphaNum& a, const AlphaNum& b,
+                      const AlphaNum& c, const AlphaNum& d, const AlphaNum& e,
+                      const AV&... args) {
+  strings_internal::AppendPieces(
+      dest, {a.Piece(), b.Piece(), c.Piece(), d.Piece(), e.Piece(),
+             static_cast<const AlphaNum&>(args).Piece()...});
+}
+
+// Helper function for the future StrCat default floating-point format, %.6g
+// This is fast.
+inline strings_internal::AlphaNumBuffer<
+    numbers_internal::kSixDigitsToBufferSize>
+SixDigits(double d) {
+  strings_internal::AlphaNumBuffer<numbers_internal::kSixDigitsToBufferSize>
+      result;
+  result.size = numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer(d, &result.data[0]);
+  return result;
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_STR_CAT_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd063b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_cat_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Unit tests for all str_cat.h functions
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/strings/substitute.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+// Test absl::StrCat of ints and longs of various sizes and signdedness.
+TEST(StrCat, Ints) {
+  const short s = -1;  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  const uint16_t us = 2;
+  const int i = -3;
+  const unsigned int ui = 4;
+  const long l = -5;                 // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  const unsigned long ul = 6;        // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  const long long ll = -7;           // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  const unsigned long long ull = 8;  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+  const ptrdiff_t ptrdiff = -9;
+  const size_t size = 10;
+  const intptr_t intptr = -12;
+  const uintptr_t uintptr = 13;
+  std::string answer;
+  answer = absl::StrCat(s, us);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "-12");
+  answer = absl::StrCat(i, ui);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "-34");
+  answer = absl::StrCat(l, ul);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "-56");
+  answer = absl::StrCat(ll, ull);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "-78");
+  answer = absl::StrCat(ptrdiff, size);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "-910");
+  answer = absl::StrCat(ptrdiff, intptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "-9-12");
+  answer = absl::StrCat(uintptr, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(answer, "130");
+}
+
+TEST(StrCat, Enums) {
+  enum SmallNumbers { One = 1, Ten = 10 } e = Ten;
+  EXPECT_EQ("10", absl::StrCat(e));
+  EXPECT_EQ("-5", absl::StrCat(SmallNumbers(-5)));
+
+  enum class Option { Boxers = 1, Briefs = -1 };
+
+  EXPECT_EQ("-1", absl::StrCat(Option::Briefs));
+
+  enum class Airplane : uint64_t {
+    Airbus = 1,
+    Boeing = 1000,
+    Canary = 10000000000  // too big for "int"
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_EQ("10000000000", absl::StrCat(Airplane::Canary));
+
+  enum class TwoGig : int32_t {
+    TwoToTheZero = 1,
+    TwoToTheSixteenth = 1 << 16,
+    TwoToTheThirtyFirst = INT32_MIN
+  };
+  EXPECT_EQ("65536", absl::StrCat(TwoGig::TwoToTheSixteenth));
+  EXPECT_EQ("-2147483648", absl::StrCat(TwoGig::TwoToTheThirtyFirst));
+  EXPECT_EQ("-1", absl::StrCat(static_cast<TwoGig>(-1)));
+
+  enum class FourGig : uint32_t {
+    TwoToTheZero = 1,
+    TwoToTheSixteenth = 1 << 16,
+    TwoToTheThirtyFirst = 1U << 31  // too big for "int"
+  };
+  EXPECT_EQ("65536", absl::StrCat(FourGig::TwoToTheSixteenth));
+  EXPECT_EQ("2147483648", absl::StrCat(FourGig::TwoToTheThirtyFirst));
+  EXPECT_EQ("4294967295", absl::StrCat(static_cast<FourGig>(-1)));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ("10000000000", absl::StrCat(Airplane::Canary));
+}
+
+TEST(StrCat, Basics) {
+  std::string result;
+
+  std::string strs[] = {
+    "Hello",
+    "Cruel",
+    "World"
+  };
+
+  std::string stdstrs[] = {
+    "std::Hello",
+    "std::Cruel",
+    "std::World"
+  };
+
+  absl::string_view pieces[] = {"Hello", "Cruel", "World"};
+
+  const char* c_strs[] = {
+    "Hello",
+    "Cruel",
+    "World"
+  };
+
+  int32_t i32s[] = {'H', 'C', 'W'};
+  uint64_t ui64s[] = {12345678910LL, 10987654321LL};
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StrCat(), "");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(false, true, 2, 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "0123");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(-1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "-1");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(absl::SixDigits(0.5));
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "0.5");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(strs[1], pieces[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "CruelWorld");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(stdstrs[1], " ", stdstrs[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "std::Cruel std::World");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(strs[0], ", ", pieces[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "Hello, World");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(strs[0], ", ", strs[1], " ", strs[2], "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "Hello, Cruel World!");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(pieces[0], ", ", pieces[1], " ", pieces[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "Hello, Cruel World");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(c_strs[0], ", ", c_strs[1], " ", c_strs[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "Hello, Cruel World");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat("ASCII ", i32s[0], ", ", i32s[1], " ", i32s[2], "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "ASCII 72, 67 87!");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(ui64s[0], ", ", ui64s[1], "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "12345678910, 10987654321!");
+
+  std::string one = "1";  // Actually, it's the size of this std::string that we want; a
+                     // 64-bit build distinguishes between size_t and uint64_t,
+                     // even though they're both unsigned 64-bit values.
+  result = absl::StrCat("And a ", one.size(), " and a ",
+                        &result[2] - &result[0], " and a ", one, " 2 3 4", "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "And a 1 and a 2 and a 1 2 3 4!");
+
+  // result = absl::StrCat("Single chars won't compile", '!');
+  // result = absl::StrCat("Neither will nullptrs", nullptr);
+  result =
+      absl::StrCat("To output a char by ASCII/numeric value, use +: ", '!' + 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "To output a char by ASCII/numeric value, use +: 33");
+
+  float f = 100000.5;
+  result = absl::StrCat("A hundred K and a half is ", absl::SixDigits(f));
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "A hundred K and a half is 100000");
+
+  f = 100001.5;
+  result =
+      absl::StrCat("A hundred K and one and a half is ", absl::SixDigits(f));
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "A hundred K and one and a half is 100002");
+
+  double d = 100000.5;
+  d *= d;
+  result =
+      absl::StrCat("A hundred K and a half squared is ", absl::SixDigits(d));
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "A hundred K and a half squared is 1.00001e+10");
+
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 333, 4444, 55555, 666666, 7777777, 88888888,
+                        999999999);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "12333444455555666666777777788888888999999999");
+}
+
+// A minimal allocator that uses malloc().
+template <typename T>
+struct Mallocator {
+  typedef T value_type;
+  typedef size_t size_type;
+  typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+  typedef T* pointer;
+  typedef const T* const_pointer;
+  typedef T& reference;
+  typedef const T& const_reference;
+
+  size_type max_size() const {
+    return size_t(std::numeric_limits<size_type>::max()) / sizeof(value_type);
+  }
+  template <typename U>
+  struct rebind {
+    typedef Mallocator<U> other;
+  };
+  Mallocator() = default;
+
+  T* allocate(size_t n) { return static_cast<T*>(std::malloc(n * sizeof(T))); }
+  void deallocate(T* p, size_t) { std::free(p); }
+};
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool operator==(const Mallocator<T>&, const Mallocator<U>&) {
+  return true;
+}
+template <typename T, typename U>
+bool operator!=(const Mallocator<T>&, const Mallocator<U>&) {
+  return false;
+}
+
+TEST(StrCat, CustomAllocator) {
+  using mstring =
+      std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, Mallocator<char>>;
+  const mstring str1("PARACHUTE OFF A BLIMP INTO MOSCONE!!");
+
+  const mstring str2("Read this book about coffee tables");
+
+  std::string result = absl::StrCat(str1, str2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result,
+            "PARACHUTE OFF A BLIMP INTO MOSCONE!!"
+            "Read this book about coffee tables");
+}
+
+TEST(StrCat, MaxArgs) {
+  std::string result;
+  // Test 10 up to 26 arguments, the current maximum
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789a");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789ab");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abc");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcd");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcde");
+  result =
+      absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdef");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefg");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefgh");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghi");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghij");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijk");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijkl");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijklm");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijklmn");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijklmno");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijklmnop");
+  result = absl::StrCat(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f",
+                        "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result, "123456789abcdefghijklmnopq");
+  // No limit thanks to C++11's variadic templates
+  result = absl::StrCat(
+      1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h",
+      "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w",
+      "x", "y", "z", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L",
+      "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result,
+            "12345678910abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");
+}
+
+TEST(StrAppend, Basics) {
+  std::string result = "existing text";
+
+  std::string strs[] = {
+    "Hello",
+    "Cruel",
+    "World"
+  };
+
+  std::string stdstrs[] = {
+    "std::Hello",
+    "std::Cruel",
+    "std::World"
+  };
+
+  absl::string_view pieces[] = {"Hello", "Cruel", "World"};
+
+  const char* c_strs[] = {
+    "Hello",
+    "Cruel",
+    "World"
+  };
+
+  int32_t i32s[] = {'H', 'C', 'W'};
+  uint64_t ui64s[] = {12345678910LL, 10987654321LL};
+
+  std::string::size_type old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.size(), old_size);
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, strs[0]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "Hello");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, strs[1], pieces[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "CruelWorld");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, stdstrs[0], ", ", pieces[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "std::Hello, World");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, strs[0], ", ", stdstrs[1], " ", strs[2], "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "Hello, std::Cruel World!");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, pieces[0], ", ", pieces[1], " ", pieces[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "Hello, Cruel World");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, c_strs[0], ", ", c_strs[1], " ", c_strs[2]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "Hello, Cruel World");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, "ASCII ", i32s[0], ", ", i32s[1], " ", i32s[2], "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "ASCII 72, 67 87!");
+
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, ui64s[0], ", ", ui64s[1], "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "12345678910, 10987654321!");
+
+  std::string one = "1";  // Actually, it's the size of this std::string that we want; a
+                     // 64-bit build distinguishes between size_t and uint64_t,
+                     // even though they're both unsigned 64-bit values.
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, "And a ", one.size(), " and a ",
+                  &result[2] - &result[0], " and a ", one, " 2 3 4", "!");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "And a 1 and a 2 and a 1 2 3 4!");
+
+  // result = absl::StrCat("Single chars won't compile", '!');
+  // result = absl::StrCat("Neither will nullptrs", nullptr);
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result,
+                  "To output a char by ASCII/numeric value, use +: ", '!' + 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size),
+            "To output a char by ASCII/numeric value, use +: 33");
+
+  // Test 9 arguments, the old maximum
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(&result, 1, 22, 333, 4444, 55555, 666666, 7777777, 88888888,
+                  9);
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size), "1223334444555556666667777777888888889");
+
+  // No limit thanks to C++11's variadic templates
+  old_size = result.size();
+  absl::StrAppend(
+      &result, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,                           //
+      "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m",  //
+      "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z",  //
+      "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M",  //
+      "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z",  //
+      "No limit thanks to C++11's variadic templates");
+  EXPECT_EQ(result.substr(old_size),
+            "12345678910abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+            "No limit thanks to C++11's variadic templates");
+}
+
+#ifdef GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
+TEST(StrAppend, Death) {
+  std::string s = "self";
+  // on linux it's "assertion", on mac it's "Assertion",
+  // on chromiumos it's "Assertion ... failed".
+  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(absl::StrAppend(&s, s.c_str() + 1), "ssertion.*failed");
+  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(absl::StrAppend(&s, s), "ssertion.*failed");
+}
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
+
+TEST(StrAppend, EmptyString) {
+  std::string s = "";
+  absl::StrAppend(&s, s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+}
+
+template <typename IntType>
+void CheckHex(IntType v, const char* nopad_format, const char* zeropad_format,
+              const char* spacepad_format) {
+  char expected[256];
+
+  std::string actual = absl::StrCat(absl::Hex(v, absl::kNoPad));
+  snprintf(expected, sizeof(expected), nopad_format, v);
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, actual) << " decimal value " << v;
+
+  for (int spec = absl::kZeroPad2; spec <= absl::kZeroPad16; ++spec) {
+    std::string actual =
+        absl::StrCat(absl::Hex(v, static_cast<absl::PadSpec>(spec)));
+    snprintf(expected, sizeof(expected), zeropad_format,
+             spec - absl::kZeroPad2 + 2, v);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, actual) << " decimal value " << v;
+  }
+
+  for (int spec = absl::kSpacePad2; spec <= absl::kSpacePad16; ++spec) {
+    std::string actual =
+        absl::StrCat(absl::Hex(v, static_cast<absl::PadSpec>(spec)));
+    snprintf(expected, sizeof(expected), spacepad_format,
+             spec - absl::kSpacePad2 + 2, v);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, actual) << " decimal value " << v;
+  }
+}
+
+void CheckHex64(uint64_t v) {
+  unsigned long long llv = v;  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+
+  CheckHex(llv, "%llx", "%0*llx", "%*llx");
+}
+
+template <typename Int32Type>
+void CheckHex32(Int32Type v) {
+  CheckHex(v, "%x", "%0*x", "%*x");
+}
+
+void TestFastPrints() {
+  // Test min int to make sure that works
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+    CheckHex64(i);
+    CheckHex32(static_cast<uint32_t>(i));
+    CheckHex32(i);
+    CheckHex32(-i);
+  }
+
+  CheckHex64(uint64_t{0x123456789abcdef0});
+  CheckHex32(0x12345678U);
+
+  int8_t minus_one_8bit = -1;
+  EXPECT_EQ("ff", absl::StrCat(absl::Hex(minus_one_8bit)));
+
+  int16_t minus_one_16bit = -1;
+  EXPECT_EQ("ffff", absl::StrCat(absl::Hex(minus_one_16bit)));
+}
+
+TEST(Numbers, TestFunctionsMovedOverFromNumbersMain) {
+  TestFastPrints();
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4733749
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join.h
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: str_join.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This header file contains functions for joining a range of elements and
+// returning the result as a std::string. StrJoin operations are specified by passing
+// a range, a separator std::string to use between the elements joined, and an
+// optional Formatter responsible for converting each argument in the range to a
+// std::string. If omitted, a default `AlphaNumFormatter()` is called on the elements
+// to be joined, using the same formatting that `absl::StrCat()` uses. This
+// package defines a number of default formatters, and you can define your own
+// implementations.
+//
+// Ranges are specified by passing a container with `std::begin()` and
+// `std::end()` iterators, container-specific `begin()` and `end()` iterators, a
+// brace-initialized `std::initializer_list`, or a `std::tuple` of heterogeneous
+// objects. The separator std::string is specified as an `absl::string_view`.
+//
+// Because the default formatter uses the `absl::AlphaNum` class,
+// `absl::StrJoin()`, like `absl::StrCat()`, will work out-of-the-box on
+// collections of strings, ints, floats, doubles, etc.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(v, "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", s);
+//
+// See comments on the `absl::StrJoin()` function for more examples.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_STR_JOIN_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_STR_JOIN_H_
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/str_join_internal.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Concept: Formatter
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// A Formatter is a function object that is responsible for formatting its
+// argument as a std::string and appending it to a given output std::string. Formatters
+// may be implemented as function objects, lambdas, or normal functions. You may
+// provide your own Formatter to enable `absl::StrJoin()` to work with arbitrary
+// types.
+//
+// The following is an example of a custom Formatter that simply uses
+// `std::to_string()` to format an integer as a std::string.
+//
+//   struct MyFormatter {
+//     void operator()(std::string* out, int i) const {
+//       out->append(std::to_string(i));
+//     }
+//   };
+//
+// You would use the above formatter by passing an instance of it as the final
+// argument to `absl::StrJoin()`:
+//
+//   std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3, 4};
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(v, "-", MyFormatter());
+//   EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3-4", s);
+//
+// The following standard formatters are provided within this file:
+//
+// - `AlphaNumFormatter()` (the default)
+// - `StreamFormatter()`
+// - `PairFormatter()`
+// - `DereferenceFormatter()`
+
+// AlphaNumFormatter()
+//
+// Default formatter used if none is specified. Uses `absl::AlphaNum` to convert
+// numeric arguments to strings.
+inline strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl AlphaNumFormatter() {
+  return strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl();
+}
+
+// StreamFormatter()
+//
+// Formats its argument using the << operator.
+inline strings_internal::StreamFormatterImpl StreamFormatter() {
+  return strings_internal::StreamFormatterImpl();
+}
+
+// Function Template: PairFormatter(Formatter, absl::string_view, Formatter)
+//
+// Formats a `std::pair` by putting a given separator between the pair's
+// `.first` and `.second` members. This formatter allows you to specify
+// custom Formatters for both the first and second member of each pair.
+template <typename FirstFormatter, typename SecondFormatter>
+inline strings_internal::PairFormatterImpl<FirstFormatter, SecondFormatter>
+PairFormatter(FirstFormatter f1, absl::string_view sep, SecondFormatter f2) {
+  return strings_internal::PairFormatterImpl<FirstFormatter, SecondFormatter>(
+      std::move(f1), sep, std::move(f2));
+}
+
+// Function overload of PairFormatter() for using a default
+// `AlphaNumFormatter()` for each Formatter in the pair.
+inline strings_internal::PairFormatterImpl<
+    strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl,
+    strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl>
+PairFormatter(absl::string_view sep) {
+  return PairFormatter(AlphaNumFormatter(), sep, AlphaNumFormatter());
+}
+
+// Function Template: DereferenceFormatter(Formatter)
+//
+// Formats its argument by dereferencing it and then applying the given
+// formatter. This formatter is useful for formatting a container of
+// pointer-to-T. This pattern often shows up when joining repeated fields in
+// protocol buffers.
+template <typename Formatter>
+strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<Formatter> DereferenceFormatter(
+    Formatter&& f) {
+  return strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<Formatter>(
+      std::forward<Formatter>(f));
+}
+
+// Function overload of `DererefenceFormatter()` for using a default
+// `AlphaNumFormatter()`.
+inline strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<
+    strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl>
+DereferenceFormatter() {
+  return strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<
+      strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl>(AlphaNumFormatter());
+}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// StrJoin()
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Joins a range of elements and returns the result as a std::string.
+// `absl::StrJoin()` takes a range, a separator std::string to use between the
+// elements joined, and an optional Formatter responsible for converting each
+// argument in the range to a std::string.
+//
+// If omitted, the default `AlphaNumFormatter()` is called on the elements to be
+// joined.
+//
+// Example 1:
+//   // Joins a collection of strings. This pattern also works with a collection
+//   // of `asbl::string_view` or even `const char*`.
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(v, "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", s);
+//
+// Example 2:
+//   // Joins the values in the given `std::initializer_list<>` specified using
+//   // brace initialization. This pattern also works with an initializer_list
+//   // of ints or `absl::string_view` -- any `AlphaNum`-compatible type.
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin({"foo", "bar", "baz"}, "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", s);
+//
+// Example 3:
+//   // Joins a collection of ints. This pattern also works with floats,
+//   // doubles, int64s -- any `StrCat()`-compatible type.
+//   std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3, -4};
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(v, "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3--4", s);
+//
+// Example 4:
+//   // Joins a collection of pointer-to-int. By default, pointers are
+//   // dereferenced and the pointee is formatted using the default format for
+//   // that type; such dereferencing occurs for all levels of indirection, so
+//   // this pattern works just as well for `std::vector<int**>` as for
+//   // `std::vector<int*>`.
+//   int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
+//   std::vector<int*> v = {&x, &y, &z};
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(v, "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3", s);
+//
+// Example 5:
+//   // Dereferencing of `std::unique_ptr<>` is also supported:
+//   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<int>> v
+//   v.emplace_back(new int(1));
+//   v.emplace_back(new int(2));
+//   v.emplace_back(new int(3));
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(v, "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3", s);
+//
+// Example 6:
+//   // Joins a `std::map`, with each key-value pair separated by an equals
+//   // sign. This pattern would also work with, say, a
+//   // `std::vector<std::pair<>>`.
+//   std::map<std::string, int> m = {
+//       std::make_pair("a", 1),
+//       std::make_pair("b", 2),
+//       std::make_pair("c", 3)};
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(m, ",", absl::PairFormatter("="));
+//   EXPECT_EQ("a=1,b=2,c=3", s);
+//
+// Example 7:
+//   // These examples show how `absl::StrJoin()` handles a few common edge
+//   // cases:
+//   std::vector<std::string> v_empty;
+//   EXPECT_EQ("", absl::StrJoin(v_empty, "-"));
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v_one_item = {"foo"};
+//   EXPECT_EQ("foo", absl::StrJoin(v_one_item, "-"));
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v_empty_string = {""};
+//   EXPECT_EQ("", absl::StrJoin(v_empty_string, "-"));
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v_one_item_empty_string = {"a", ""};
+//   EXPECT_EQ("a-", absl::StrJoin(v_one_item_empty_string, "-"));
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v_two_empty_string = {"", ""};
+//   EXPECT_EQ("-", absl::StrJoin(v_two_empty_string, "-"));
+//
+// Example 8:
+//   // Joins a `std::tuple<T...>` of heterogeneous types, converting each to
+//   // a std::string using the `absl::AlphaNum` class.
+//   std::string s = absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(123, "abc", 0.456), "-");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("123-abc-0.456", s);
+
+template <typename Iterator, typename Formatter>
+std::string StrJoin(Iterator start, Iterator end, absl::string_view sep,
+               Formatter&& fmt) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinAlgorithm(start, end, sep, fmt);
+}
+
+template <typename Range, typename Formatter>
+std::string StrJoin(const Range& range, absl::string_view separator,
+               Formatter&& fmt) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinRange(range, separator, fmt);
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Formatter>
+std::string StrJoin(std::initializer_list<T> il, absl::string_view separator,
+               Formatter&& fmt) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinRange(il, separator, fmt);
+}
+
+template <typename... T, typename Formatter>
+std::string StrJoin(const std::tuple<T...>& value, absl::string_view separator,
+               Formatter&& fmt) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinAlgorithm(value, separator, fmt);
+}
+
+template <typename Iterator>
+std::string StrJoin(Iterator start, Iterator end, absl::string_view separator) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinRange(start, end, separator);
+}
+
+template <typename Range>
+std::string StrJoin(const Range& range, absl::string_view separator) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinRange(range, separator);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::string StrJoin(std::initializer_list<T> il, absl::string_view separator) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinRange(il, separator);
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+std::string StrJoin(const std::tuple<T...>& value, absl::string_view separator) {
+  return strings_internal::JoinAlgorithm(value, separator, AlphaNumFormatter());
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_STR_JOIN_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03b60f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_join_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Unit tests for all join.h functions
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <functional>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <set>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/memory/memory.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+TEST(StrJoin, APIExamples) {
+  {
+    // Collection of strings
+    std::vector<std::string> v = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of absl::string_view
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of const char*
+    std::vector<const char*> v = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of non-const char*
+    std::string a = "foo", b = "bar", c = "baz";
+    std::vector<char*> v = {&a[0], &b[0], &c[0]};
+    EXPECT_EQ("foo-bar-baz", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of ints
+    std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3, -4};
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3--4", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Literals passed as a std::initializer_list
+    std::string s = absl::StrJoin({"a", "b", "c"}, "-");
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", s);
+  }
+  {
+    // Join a std::tuple<T...>.
+    std::string s = absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(123, "abc", 0.456), "-");
+    EXPECT_EQ("123-abc-0.456", s);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of unique_ptrs
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<int>> v;
+    v.emplace_back(new int(1));
+    v.emplace_back(new int(2));
+    v.emplace_back(new int(3));
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Array of ints
+    const int a[] = {1, 2, 3, -4};
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3--4", absl::StrJoin(a, a + ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(a), "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of pointers
+    int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
+    std::vector<int*> v = {&x, &y, &z};
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of pointers to pointers
+    int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
+    int *px = &x, *py = &y, *pz = &z;
+    std::vector<int**> v = {&px, &py, &pz};
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Collection of pointers to std::string
+    std::string a("a"), b("b");
+    std::vector<std::string*> v = {&a, &b};
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A std::map, which is a collection of std::pair<>s.
+    std::map<std::string, int> m = { {"a", 1}, {"b", 2}, {"c", 3} };
+    EXPECT_EQ("a=1,b=2,c=3", absl::StrJoin(m, ",", absl::PairFormatter("=")));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Shows absl::StrSplit and absl::StrJoin working together. This example is
+    // equivalent to s/=/-/g.
+    const std::string s = "a=b=c=d";
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c-d", absl::StrJoin(absl::StrSplit(s, "="), "-"));
+  }
+
+  //
+  // A few examples of edge cases
+  //
+
+  {
+    // Empty range yields an empty std::string.
+    std::vector<std::string> v;
+    EXPECT_EQ("", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A range of 1 element gives a std::string with that element but no separator.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = {"foo"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("foo", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A range with a single empty std::string element
+    std::vector<std::string> v = {""};
+    EXPECT_EQ("", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A range with 2 elements, one of which is an empty std::string
+    std::vector<std::string> v = {"a", ""};
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A range with 2 empty elements.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = {"", ""};
+    EXPECT_EQ("-", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A std::vector of bool.
+    std::vector<bool> v = {true, false, true};
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-0-1", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrJoin, CustomFormatter) {
+  std::vector<std::string> v{"One", "Two", "Three"};
+  {
+    std::string joined = absl::StrJoin(v, "", [](std::string* out, const std::string& in) {
+      absl::StrAppend(out, "(", in, ")");
+    });
+    EXPECT_EQ("(One)(Two)(Three)", joined);
+  }
+  {
+    class ImmovableFormatter {
+     public:
+      void operator()(std::string* out, const std::string& in) {
+        absl::StrAppend(out, "(", in, ")");
+      }
+      ImmovableFormatter() {}
+      ImmovableFormatter(const ImmovableFormatter&) = delete;
+    };
+    EXPECT_EQ("(One)(Two)(Three)", absl::StrJoin(v, "", ImmovableFormatter()));
+  }
+  {
+    class OverloadedFormatter {
+     public:
+      void operator()(std::string* out, const std::string& in) {
+        absl::StrAppend(out, "(", in, ")");
+      }
+      void operator()(std::string* out, const std::string& in) const {
+        absl::StrAppend(out, "[", in, "]");
+      }
+    };
+    EXPECT_EQ("(One)(Two)(Three)", absl::StrJoin(v, "", OverloadedFormatter()));
+    const OverloadedFormatter fmt = {};
+    EXPECT_EQ("[One][Two][Three]", absl::StrJoin(v, "", fmt));
+  }
+}
+
+//
+// Tests the Formatters
+//
+
+TEST(AlphaNumFormatter, FormatterAPI) {
+  // Not an exhaustive test. See strings/strcat_test.h for the exhaustive test
+  // of what AlphaNum can convert.
+  auto f = absl::AlphaNumFormatter();
+  std::string s;
+  f(&s, "Testing: ");
+  f(&s, static_cast<int>(1));
+  f(&s, static_cast<int16_t>(2));
+  f(&s, static_cast<int64_t>(3));
+  f(&s, static_cast<float>(4));
+  f(&s, static_cast<double>(5));
+  f(&s, static_cast<unsigned>(6));
+  f(&s, static_cast<size_t>(7));
+  f(&s, absl::string_view(" OK"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("Testing: 1234567 OK", s);
+}
+
+// Make sure people who are mistakenly using std::vector<bool> even though
+// they're not memory-constrained can use absl::AlphaNumFormatter().
+TEST(AlphaNumFormatter, VectorOfBool) {
+  auto f = absl::AlphaNumFormatter();
+  std::string s;
+  std::vector<bool> v = {true, false, true};
+  f(&s, *v.cbegin());
+  f(&s, *v.begin());
+  f(&s, v[1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ("110", s);
+}
+
+TEST(AlphaNumFormatter, AlphaNum) {
+  auto f = absl::AlphaNumFormatter();
+  std::string s;
+  f(&s, absl::AlphaNum("hello"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("hello", s);
+}
+
+struct StreamableType {
+  std::string contents;
+};
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const StreamableType& t) {
+  os << "Streamable:" << t.contents;
+  return os;
+}
+
+TEST(StreamFormatter, FormatterAPI) {
+  auto f = absl::StreamFormatter();
+  std::string s;
+  f(&s, "Testing: ");
+  f(&s, static_cast<int>(1));
+  f(&s, static_cast<int16_t>(2));
+  f(&s, static_cast<int64_t>(3));
+  f(&s, static_cast<float>(4));
+  f(&s, static_cast<double>(5));
+  f(&s, static_cast<unsigned>(6));
+  f(&s, static_cast<size_t>(7));
+  f(&s, absl::string_view(" OK "));
+  StreamableType streamable = {"object"};
+  f(&s, streamable);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Testing: 1234567 OK Streamable:object", s);
+}
+
+// A dummy formatter that wraps each element in parens. Used in some tests
+// below.
+struct TestingParenFormatter {
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(std::string* s, const T& t) {
+    absl::StrAppend(s, "(", t, ")");
+  }
+};
+
+TEST(PairFormatter, FormatterAPI) {
+  {
+    // Tests default PairFormatter(sep) that uses AlphaNumFormatter for the
+    // 'first' and 'second' members.
+    const auto f = absl::PairFormatter("=");
+    std::string s;
+    f(&s, std::make_pair("a", "b"));
+    f(&s, std::make_pair(1, 2));
+    EXPECT_EQ("a=b1=2", s);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Tests using a custom formatter for the 'first' and 'second' members.
+    auto f = absl::PairFormatter(TestingParenFormatter(), "=",
+                                 TestingParenFormatter());
+    std::string s;
+    f(&s, std::make_pair("a", "b"));
+    f(&s, std::make_pair(1, 2));
+    EXPECT_EQ("(a)=(b)(1)=(2)", s);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(DereferenceFormatter, FormatterAPI) {
+  {
+    // Tests wrapping the default AlphaNumFormatter.
+    const absl::strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<
+        absl::strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl>
+        f;
+    int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
+    std::string s;
+    f(&s, &x);
+    f(&s, &y);
+    f(&s, &z);
+    EXPECT_EQ("123", s);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Tests wrapping std::string's default formatter.
+    absl::strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<
+        absl::strings_internal::DefaultFormatter<std::string>::Type>
+        f;
+
+    std::string x = "x";
+    std::string y = "y";
+    std::string z = "z";
+    std::string s;
+    f(&s, &x);
+    f(&s, &y);
+    f(&s, &z);
+    EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Tests wrapping a custom formatter.
+    auto f = absl::DereferenceFormatter(TestingParenFormatter());
+    int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
+    std::string s;
+    f(&s, &x);
+    f(&s, &y);
+    f(&s, &z);
+    EXPECT_EQ("(1)(2)(3)", s);
+  }
+
+  {
+    absl::strings_internal::DereferenceFormatterImpl<
+        absl::strings_internal::AlphaNumFormatterImpl>
+        f;
+    auto x = std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(1));
+    auto y = std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(2));
+    auto z = std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(3));
+    std::string s;
+    f(&s, x);
+    f(&s, y);
+    f(&s, z);
+    EXPECT_EQ("123", s);
+  }
+}
+
+//
+// Tests the interfaces for the 4 public Join function overloads. The semantics
+// of the algorithm is covered in the above APIExamples test.
+//
+TEST(StrJoin, PublicAPIOverloads) {
+  std::vector<std::string> v = {"a", "b", "c"};
+
+  // Iterators + formatter
+  EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c",
+            absl::StrJoin(v.begin(), v.end(), "-", absl::AlphaNumFormatter()));
+  // Range + formatter
+  EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(v, "-", absl::AlphaNumFormatter()));
+  // Iterators, no formatter
+  EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(v.begin(), v.end(), "-"));
+  // Range, no formatter
+  EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(v, "-"));
+}
+
+TEST(StrJoin, Array) {
+  const absl::string_view a[] = {"a", "b", "c"};
+  EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(a, "-"));
+}
+
+TEST(StrJoin, InitializerList) {
+  { EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin({"a", "b", "c"}, "-")); }
+
+  {
+    auto a = {"a", "b", "c"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(a, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::initializer_list<const char*> a = {"a", "b", "c"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(a, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::initializer_list<std::string> a = {"a", "b", "c"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(a, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::initializer_list<absl::string_view> a = {"a", "b", "c"};
+    EXPECT_EQ("a-b-c", absl::StrJoin(a, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Tests initializer_list with a non-default formatter
+    auto a = {"a", "b", "c"};
+    TestingParenFormatter f;
+    EXPECT_EQ("(a)-(b)-(c)", absl::StrJoin(a, "-", f));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // initializer_list of ints
+    EXPECT_EQ("1-2-3", absl::StrJoin({1, 2, 3}, "-"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Tests initializer_list of ints with a non-default formatter
+    auto a = {1, 2, 3};
+    TestingParenFormatter f;
+    EXPECT_EQ("(1)-(2)-(3)", absl::StrJoin(a, "-", f));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(StrJoin, Tuple) {
+  EXPECT_EQ("", absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(), "-"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("hello", absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple("hello"), "-"));
+
+  int x(10);
+  std::string y("hello");
+  double z(3.14);
+  EXPECT_EQ("10-hello-3.14", absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(x, y, z), "-"));
+
+  // Faster! Faster!!
+  EXPECT_EQ("10-hello-3.14",
+            absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(x, std::cref(y), z), "-"));
+
+  struct TestFormatter {
+    char buffer[128];
+    void operator()(std::string* out, int v) {
+      snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%#.8x", v);
+      out->append(buffer);
+    }
+    void operator()(std::string* out, double v) {
+      snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%#.0f", v);
+      out->append(buffer);
+    }
+    void operator()(std::string* out, const std::string& v) {
+      snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%.4s", v.c_str());
+      out->append(buffer);
+    }
+  };
+  EXPECT_EQ("0x0000000a-hell-3.",
+            absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(x, y, z), "-", TestFormatter()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      "0x0000000a-hell-3.",
+      absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(x, std::cref(y), z), "-", TestFormatter()));
+  EXPECT_EQ("0x0000000a-hell-3.",
+            absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(&x, &y, &z), "-",
+                          absl::DereferenceFormatter(TestFormatter())));
+  EXPECT_EQ("0x0000000a-hell-3.",
+            absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(absl::make_unique<int>(x),
+                                          absl::make_unique<std::string>(y),
+                                          absl::make_unique<double>(z)),
+                          "-", absl::DereferenceFormatter(TestFormatter())));
+  EXPECT_EQ("0x0000000a-hell-3.",
+            absl::StrJoin(std::make_tuple(absl::make_unique<int>(x), &y, &z),
+                          "-", absl::DereferenceFormatter(TestFormatter())));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69efa35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_replace.h"
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+using FixedMapping =
+    std::initializer_list<std::pair<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>>;
+
+// Applies the ViableSubstitutions in subs_ptr to the absl::string_view s, and
+// stores the result in *result_ptr. Returns the number of substitutions that
+// occurred.
+int ApplySubstitutions(
+    absl::string_view s,
+    std::vector<strings_internal::ViableSubstitution>* subs_ptr,
+    std::string* result_ptr) {
+  auto& subs = *subs_ptr;
+  int substitutions = 0;
+  size_t pos = 0;
+  while (!subs.empty()) {
+    auto& sub = subs.back();
+    if (sub.offset >= pos) {
+      if (pos <= s.size()) {
+        StrAppend(result_ptr, s.substr(pos, sub.offset - pos), sub.replacement);
+      }
+      pos = sub.offset + sub.old.size();
+      substitutions += 1;
+    }
+    sub.offset = s.find(sub.old, pos);
+    if (sub.offset == s.npos) {
+      subs.pop_back();
+    } else {
+      // Insertion sort to ensure the last ViableSubstitution continues to be
+      // before all the others.
+      size_t index = subs.size();
+      while (--index && subs[index - 1].OccursBefore(subs[index])) {
+        std::swap(subs[index], subs[index - 1]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  result_ptr->append(s.data() + pos, s.size() - pos);
+  return substitutions;
+}
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+
+// We can implement this in terms of the generic StrReplaceAll, but
+// we must specify the template overload because C++ cannot deduce the type
+// of an initializer_list parameter to a function, and also if we don't specify
+// the type, we just call ourselves.
+//
+// Note that we implement them here, rather than in the header, so that they
+// aren't inlined.
+
+std::string StrReplaceAll(absl::string_view s,
+                     strings_internal::FixedMapping replacements) {
+  return StrReplaceAll<strings_internal::FixedMapping>(s, replacements);
+}
+
+int StrReplaceAll(strings_internal::FixedMapping replacements, std::string* target) {
+  return StrReplaceAll<strings_internal::FixedMapping>(replacements, target);
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4d9bb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace.h
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: str_replace.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This file defines `absl::StrReplaceAll()`, a general-purpose std::string
+// replacement function designed for large, arbitrary text substitutions,
+// especially on strings which you are receiving from some other system for
+// further processing (e.g. processing regular expressions, escaping HTML
+// entities, etc. `StrReplaceAll` is designed to be efficient even when only
+// one substitution is being performed, or when substitution is rare.
+//
+// If the std::string being modified is known at compile-time, and the substitutions
+// vary, `absl::Substitute()` may be a better choice.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+// std::string html_escaped = absl::StrReplaceAll(user_input, {
+//                                           {"&", "&amp;"},
+//                                           {"<", "&lt;"},
+//                                           {">", "&gt;"},
+//                                           {"\"", "&quot;"},
+//                                           {"'", "&#39;"}});
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_STR_REPLACE_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_STR_REPLACE_H_
+
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "absl/base/attributes.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// StrReplaceAll()
+//
+// Replaces character sequences within a given std::string with replacements provided
+// within an initializer list of key/value pairs. Candidate replacements are
+// considered in order as they occur within the std::string, with earlier matches
+// taking precedence, and longer matches taking precedence for candidates
+// starting at the same position in the std::string. Once a substitution is made, the
+// replaced text is not considered for any further substitutions.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("$who bought $count #Noun. Thanks $who!",
+//                                  {{"$count", absl::StrCat(5)},
+//                                   {"$who", "Bob"},
+//                                   {"#Noun", "Apples"}});
+//   EXPECT_EQ("Bob bought 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT std::string StrReplaceAll(
+    absl::string_view s,
+    std::initializer_list<std::pair<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>>
+        replacements);
+
+// Overload of `StrReplaceAll()` to accept a container of key/value replacement
+// pairs (typically either an associative map or a `std::vector` of `std::pair`
+// elements). A vector of pairs is generally more efficient.
+//
+// Examples:
+//
+//   std::map<const absl::string_view, const absl::string_view> replacements;
+//   replacements["$who"] = "Bob";
+//   replacements["$count"] = "5";
+//   replacements["#Noun"] = "Apples";
+//   std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("$who bought $count #Noun. Thanks $who!",
+//                                  replacements);
+//   EXPECT_EQ("Bob bought 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+//
+//   // A std::vector of std::pair elements can be more efficient.
+//   std::vector<std::pair<const absl::string_view, std::string>> replacements;
+//   replacements.push_back({"&", "&amp;"});
+//   replacements.push_back({"<", "&lt;"});
+//   replacements.push_back({">", "&gt;"});
+//   std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("if (ptr < &foo)",
+//                                  replacements);
+//   EXPECT_EQ("if (ptr &lt; &amp;foo)", s);
+template <typename StrToStrMapping>
+std::string StrReplaceAll(absl::string_view s, const StrToStrMapping& replacements);
+
+// Overload of `StrReplaceAll()` to replace character sequences within a given
+// output std::string *in place* with replacements provided within an initializer
+// list of key/value pairs, returning the number of substitutions that occurred.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::string s = std::string("$who bought $count #Noun. Thanks $who!");
+//   int count;
+//   count = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"$count", absl::StrCat(5)},
+//                               {"$who", "Bob"},
+//                               {"#Noun", "Apples"}}, &s);
+//  EXPECT_EQ(count, 4);
+//  EXPECT_EQ("Bob bought 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+int StrReplaceAll(
+    std::initializer_list<std::pair<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>>
+        replacements,
+    std::string* target);
+
+// Overload of `StrReplaceAll()` to replace patterns within a given output
+// std::string *in place* with replacements provided within a container of key/value
+// pairs.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::string s = std::string("if (ptr < &foo)");
+//   int count = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"&", "&amp;"},
+//                                    {"<", "&lt;"},
+//                                    {">", "&gt;"}}, &s);
+//  EXPECT_EQ(count, 2);
+//  EXPECT_EQ("if (ptr &lt; &amp;foo)", s);
+template <typename StrToStrMapping>
+int StrReplaceAll(const StrToStrMapping& replacements, std::string* target);
+
+// Implementation details only, past this point.
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+struct ViableSubstitution {
+  absl::string_view old;
+  absl::string_view replacement;
+  size_t offset;
+
+  ViableSubstitution(absl::string_view old_str,
+                     absl::string_view replacement_str, size_t offset_val)
+      : old(old_str), replacement(replacement_str), offset(offset_val) {}
+
+  // One substitution occurs "before" another (takes priority) if either
+  // it has the lowest offset, or it has the same offset but a larger size.
+  bool OccursBefore(const ViableSubstitution& y) const {
+    if (offset != y.offset) return offset < y.offset;
+    return old.size() > y.old.size();
+  }
+};
+
+// Build a vector of ViableSubstitutions based on the given list of
+// replacements. subs can be implemented as a priority_queue. However, it turns
+// out that most callers have small enough a list of substitutions that the
+// overhead of such a queue isn't worth it.
+template <typename StrToStrMapping>
+std::vector<ViableSubstitution> FindSubstitutions(
+    absl::string_view s, const StrToStrMapping& replacements) {
+  std::vector<ViableSubstitution> subs;
+  subs.reserve(replacements.size());
+
+  for (const auto& rep : replacements) {
+    using std::get;
+    absl::string_view old(get<0>(rep));
+
+    size_t pos = s.find(old);
+    if (pos == s.npos) continue;
+
+    // Ignore attempts to replace "". This condition is almost never true,
+    // but above condition is frequently true. That's why we test for this
+    // now and not before.
+    if (old.empty()) continue;
+
+    subs.emplace_back(old, get<1>(rep), pos);
+
+    // Insertion sort to ensure the last ViableSubstitution comes before
+    // all the others.
+    size_t index = subs.size();
+    while (--index && subs[index - 1].OccursBefore(subs[index])) {
+      std::swap(subs[index], subs[index - 1]);
+    }
+  }
+  return subs;
+}
+
+int ApplySubstitutions(absl::string_view s,
+                       std::vector<ViableSubstitution>* subs_ptr,
+                       std::string* result_ptr);
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+
+template <typename StrToStrMapping>
+std::string StrReplaceAll(absl::string_view s, const StrToStrMapping& replacements) {
+  auto subs = strings_internal::FindSubstitutions(s, replacements);
+  std::string result;
+  result.reserve(s.size());
+  strings_internal::ApplySubstitutions(s, &subs, &result);
+  return result;
+}
+
+template <typename StrToStrMapping>
+int StrReplaceAll(const StrToStrMapping& replacements, std::string* target) {
+  auto subs = strings_internal::FindSubstitutions(*target, replacements);
+  if (subs.empty()) return 0;
+
+  std::string result;
+  result.reserve(target->size());
+  int substitutions =
+      strings_internal::ApplySubstitutions(*target, &subs, &result);
+  target->swap(result);
+  return substitutions;
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_STR_REPLACE_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d003a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_replace_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_replace.h"
+
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
+#include <tuple>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, OneReplacement) {
+  std::string s;
+
+  // Empty std::string.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll(s, {{"", ""}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll(s, {{"x", ""}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll(s, {{"", "y"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll(s, {{"x", "y"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+
+  // Empty substring.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"", ""}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abc");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"", "y"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abc");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"x", ""}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abc");
+
+  // Substring not found.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"xyz", "123"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abc");
+
+  // Replace entire std::string.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"abc", "xyz"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+
+  // Replace once at the start.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"a", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xbc");
+
+  // Replace once in the middle.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"b", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "axc");
+
+  // Replace once at the end.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"c", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abx");
+
+  // Replace multiple times with varying lengths of original/replacement.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("ababa", {{"a", "xxx"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xxxbxxxbxxx");
+
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("ababa", {{"b", "xxx"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "axxxaxxxa");
+
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("aaabaaabaaa", {{"aaa", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xbxbx");
+
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abbbabbba", {{"bbb", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "axaxa");
+
+  // Overlapping matches are replaced greedily.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("aaa", {{"aa", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xa");
+
+  // The replacements are not recursive.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("aaa", {{"aa", "a"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "aa");
+}
+
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, ManyReplacements) {
+  std::string s;
+
+  // Empty std::string.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("", {{"", ""}, {"x", ""}, {"", "y"}, {"x", "y"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+
+  // Empty substring.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"", ""}, {"", "y"}, {"x", ""}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abc");
+
+  // Replace entire std::string, one char at a time
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"a", "x"}, {"b", "y"}, {"c", "z"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("zxy", {{"z", "x"}, {"x", "y"}, {"y", "z"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+
+  // Replace once at the start (longer matches take precedence)
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", {{"a", "x"}, {"ab", "xy"}, {"abc", "xyz"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+
+  // Replace once in the middle.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll(
+      "Abc!", {{"a", "x"}, {"ab", "xy"}, {"b", "y"}, {"bc", "yz"}, {"c", "z"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "Ayz!");
+
+  // Replace once at the end.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll(
+      "Abc!",
+      {{"a", "x"}, {"ab", "xy"}, {"b", "y"}, {"bc!", "yz?"}, {"c!", "z;"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "Ayz?");
+
+  // Replace multiple times with varying lengths of original/replacement.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("ababa", {{"a", "xxx"}, {"b", "XXXX"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xxxXXXXxxxXXXXxxx");
+
+  // Overlapping matches are replaced greedily.
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("aaa", {{"aa", "x"}, {"a", "X"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xX");
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("aaa", {{"a", "X"}, {"aa", "x"}});
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xX");
+
+  // Two well-known sentences
+  s = absl::StrReplaceAll("the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs",
+                          {
+                              {"brown", "box"},
+                              {"dogs", "jugs"},
+                              {"fox", "with"},
+                              {"jumped", "five"},
+                              {"over", "dozen"},
+                              {"quick", "my"},
+                              {"the", "pack"},
+                              {"the lazy", "liquor"},
+                          });
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs");
+}
+
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, ManyReplacementsInMap) {
+  std::map<const char *, const char *> replacements;
+  replacements["$who"] = "Bob";
+  replacements["$count"] = "5";
+  replacements["#Noun"] = "Apples";
+  std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("$who bought $count #Noun. Thanks $who!",
+                                 replacements);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Bob bought 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+}
+
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, ReplacementsInPlace) {
+  std::string s = std::string("$who bought $count #Noun. Thanks $who!");
+  int count;
+  count = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"$count", absl::StrCat(5)},
+                              {"$who", "Bob"},
+                              {"#Noun", "Apples"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(count, 4);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Bob bought 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+}
+
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, ReplacementsInPlaceInMap) {
+  std::string s = std::string("$who bought $count #Noun. Thanks $who!");
+  std::map<absl::string_view, absl::string_view> replacements;
+  replacements["$who"] = "Bob";
+  replacements["$count"] = "5";
+  replacements["#Noun"] = "Apples";
+  int count;
+  count = absl::StrReplaceAll(replacements, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(count, 4);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Bob bought 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+}
+
+struct Cont {
+  Cont() {}
+  explicit Cont(absl::string_view src) : data(src) {}
+
+  absl::string_view data;
+};
+
+template <int index>
+absl::string_view get(const Cont& c) {
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(c.data, ':');
+  auto it = splitter.begin();
+  for (int i = 0; i < index; ++i) ++it;
+
+  return *it;
+}
+
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, VariableNumber) {
+  std::string s;
+  {
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> replacements;
+
+    s = "abc";
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, absl::StrReplaceAll(replacements, &s));
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc", s);
+
+    s = "abc";
+    replacements.push_back({"a", "A"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, absl::StrReplaceAll(replacements, &s));
+    EXPECT_EQ("Abc", s);
+
+    s = "abc";
+    replacements.push_back({"b", "B"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, absl::StrReplaceAll(replacements, &s));
+    EXPECT_EQ("ABc", s);
+
+    s = "abc";
+    replacements.push_back({"d", "D"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, absl::StrReplaceAll(replacements, &s));
+    EXPECT_EQ("ABc", s);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("ABcABc", absl::StrReplaceAll("abcabc", replacements));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::map<const char*, const char*> replacements;
+    replacements["aa"] = "x";
+    replacements["a"] = "X";
+    s = "aaa";
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, absl::StrReplaceAll(replacements, &s));
+    EXPECT_EQ("xX", s);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("xxX", absl::StrReplaceAll("aaaaa", replacements));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::list<std::pair<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>> replacements = {
+        {"a", "x"}, {"b", "y"}, {"c", "z"}};
+
+    std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", replacements);
+    EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+  }
+
+  {
+    using X = std::tuple<absl::string_view, std::string, int>;
+    std::vector<X> replacements(3);
+    replacements[0] = X{"a", "x", 1};
+    replacements[1] = X{"b", "y", 0};
+    replacements[2] = X{"c", "z", -1};
+
+    std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", replacements);
+    EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<Cont> replacements(3);
+    replacements[0] = Cont{"a:x"};
+    replacements[1] = Cont{"b:y"};
+    replacements[2] = Cont{"c:z"};
+
+    std::string s = absl::StrReplaceAll("abc", replacements);
+    EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+  }
+}
+
+// Same as above, but using the in-place variant of absl::StrReplaceAll,
+// that returns the # of replacements performed.
+TEST(StrReplaceAll, Inplace) {
+  std::string s;
+  int reps;
+
+  // Empty std::string.
+  s = "";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"", ""}, {"x", ""}, {"", "y"}, {"x", "y"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "");
+
+  // Empty substring.
+  s = "abc";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"", ""}, {"", "y"}, {"x", ""}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "abc");
+
+  // Replace entire std::string, one char at a time
+  s = "abc";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"a", "x"}, {"b", "y"}, {"c", "z"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+  s = "zxy";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"z", "x"}, {"x", "y"}, {"y", "z"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+
+  // Replace once at the start (longer matches take precedence)
+  s = "abc";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"a", "x"}, {"ab", "xy"}, {"abc", "xyz"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xyz");
+
+  // Replace once in the middle.
+  s = "Abc!";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll(
+      {{"a", "x"}, {"ab", "xy"}, {"b", "y"}, {"bc", "yz"}, {"c", "z"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "Ayz!");
+
+  // Replace once at the end.
+  s = "Abc!";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll(
+      {{"a", "x"}, {"ab", "xy"}, {"b", "y"}, {"bc!", "yz?"}, {"c!", "z;"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "Ayz?");
+
+  // Replace multiple times with varying lengths of original/replacement.
+  s = "ababa";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"a", "xxx"}, {"b", "XXXX"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xxxXXXXxxxXXXXxxx");
+
+  // Overlapping matches are replaced greedily.
+  s = "aaa";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"aa", "x"}, {"a", "X"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xX");
+  s = "aaa";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll({{"a", "X"}, {"aa", "x"}}, &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "xX");
+
+  // Two well-known sentences
+  s = "the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs";
+  reps = absl::StrReplaceAll(
+      {
+          {"brown", "box"},
+          {"dogs", "jugs"},
+          {"fox", "with"},
+          {"jumped", "five"},
+          {"over", "dozen"},
+          {"quick", "my"},
+          {"the", "pack"},
+          {"the lazy", "liquor"},
+      },
+      &s);
+  EXPECT_EQ(reps, 8);
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs");
+}
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0207213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+namespace {
+
+// This GenericFind() template function encapsulates the finding algorithm
+// shared between the ByString and ByAnyChar delimiters. The FindPolicy
+// template parameter allows each delimiter to customize the actual find
+// function to use and the length of the found delimiter. For example, the
+// Literal delimiter will ultimately use absl::string_view::find(), and the
+// AnyOf delimiter will use absl::string_view::find_first_of().
+template <typename FindPolicy>
+absl::string_view GenericFind(absl::string_view text,
+                              absl::string_view delimiter, size_t pos,
+                              FindPolicy find_policy) {
+  if (delimiter.empty() && text.length() > 0) {
+    // Special case for empty std::string delimiters: always return a zero-length
+    // absl::string_view referring to the item at position 1 past pos.
+    return absl::string_view(text.begin() + pos + 1, 0);
+  }
+  size_t found_pos = absl::string_view::npos;
+  absl::string_view found(text.end(), 0);  // By default, not found
+  found_pos = find_policy.Find(text, delimiter, pos);
+  if (found_pos != absl::string_view::npos) {
+    found = absl::string_view(text.data() + found_pos,
+                              find_policy.Length(delimiter));
+  }
+  return found;
+}
+
+// Finds using absl::string_view::find(), therefore the length of the found
+// delimiter is delimiter.length().
+struct LiteralPolicy {
+  size_t Find(absl::string_view text, absl::string_view delimiter, size_t pos) {
+    return text.find(delimiter, pos);
+  }
+  size_t Length(absl::string_view delimiter) { return delimiter.length(); }
+};
+
+// Finds using absl::string_view::find_first_of(), therefore the length of the
+// found delimiter is 1.
+struct AnyOfPolicy {
+  size_t Find(absl::string_view text, absl::string_view delimiter, size_t pos) {
+    return text.find_first_of(delimiter, pos);
+  }
+  size_t Length(absl::string_view /* delimiter */) { return 1; }
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+//
+// ByString
+//
+
+ByString::ByString(absl::string_view sp) : delimiter_(sp) {}
+
+absl::string_view ByString::Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const {
+  if (delimiter_.length() == 1) {
+    // Much faster to call find on a single character than on an
+    // absl::string_view.
+    size_t found_pos = text.find(delimiter_[0], pos);
+    if (found_pos == absl::string_view::npos)
+      return absl::string_view(text.end(), 0);
+    return text.substr(found_pos, 1);
+  }
+  return GenericFind(text, delimiter_, pos, LiteralPolicy());
+}
+
+//
+// ByChar
+//
+
+absl::string_view ByChar::Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const {
+  size_t found_pos = text.find(c_, pos);
+  if (found_pos == absl::string_view::npos)
+    return absl::string_view(text.end(), 0);
+  return text.substr(found_pos, 1);
+}
+
+//
+// ByAnyChar
+//
+
+ByAnyChar::ByAnyChar(absl::string_view sp) : delimiters_(sp) {}
+
+absl::string_view ByAnyChar::Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const {
+  return GenericFind(text, delimiters_, pos, AnyOfPolicy());
+}
+
+//
+// ByLength
+//
+ByLength::ByLength(ptrdiff_t length) : length_(length) {
+  ABSL_RAW_CHECK(length > 0, "");
+}
+
+absl::string_view ByLength::Find(absl::string_view text,
+                                      size_t pos) const {
+  pos = std::min(pos, text.size());  // truncate `pos`
+  absl::string_view substr = text.substr(pos);
+  // If the std::string is shorter than the chunk size we say we
+  // "can't find the delimiter" so this will be the last chunk.
+  if (substr.length() <= static_cast<size_t>(length_))
+    return absl::string_view(text.end(), 0);
+
+  return absl::string_view(substr.begin() + length_, 0);
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b3d6a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split.h
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: str_split.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This file contains functions for splitting strings. It defines the main
+// `StrSplit()` function, several delimiters for determining the boundaries on
+// which to split the std::string, and predicates for filtering delimited results.
+// `StrSplit()` adapts the returned collection to the type specified by the
+// caller.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   // Splits the given std::string on commas. Returns the results in a
+//   // vector of strings.
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+//   // Can also use ","
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] == "c"
+//
+// See StrSplit() below for more information.
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_STR_SPLIT_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_STR_SPLIT_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/str_split_internal.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+#include "absl/strings/strip.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Delimiters
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// `StrSplit()` uses delimiters to define the boundaries between elements in the
+// provided input. Several `Delimiter` types are defined below. If a std::string
+// (`const char*`, `std::string`, or `absl::string_view`) is passed in place of
+// an explicit `Delimiter` object, `StrSplit()` treats it the same way as if it
+// were passed a `ByString` delimiter.
+//
+// A `Delimiter` is an object with a `Find()` function that knows how to find
+// the first occurrence of itself in a given `absl::string_view`.
+//
+// The following `Delimiter` types are available for use within `StrSplit()`:
+//
+//   - `ByString` (default for std::string arguments)
+//   - `ByChar` (default for a char argument)
+//   - `ByAnyChar`
+//   - `ByLength`
+//   - `MaxSplits`
+//
+//
+// A Delimiter's Find() member function will be passed the input text that is to
+// be split and the position to begin searching for the next delimiter in the
+// input text. The returned absl::string_view should refer to the next
+// occurrence (after pos) of the represented delimiter; this returned
+// absl::string_view represents the next location where the input std::string should
+// be broken. The returned absl::string_view may be zero-length if the Delimiter
+// does not represent a part of the std::string (e.g., a fixed-length delimiter). If
+// no delimiter is found in the given text, a zero-length absl::string_view
+// referring to text.end() should be returned (e.g.,
+// absl::string_view(text.end(), 0)). It is important that the returned
+// absl::string_view always be within the bounds of input text given as an
+// argument--it must not refer to a std::string that is physically located outside of
+// the given std::string.
+//
+// The following example is a simple Delimiter object that is created with a
+// single char and will look for that char in the text passed to the Find()
+// function:
+//
+//   struct SimpleDelimiter {
+//     const char c_;
+//     explicit SimpleDelimiter(char c) : c_(c) {}
+//     absl::string_view Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) {
+//       auto found = text.find(c_, pos);
+//       if (found == absl::string_view::npos)
+//         return absl::string_view(text.end(), 0);
+//
+//       return absl::string_view(text, found, 1);
+//     }
+//   };
+
+// ByString
+//
+// A sub-std::string delimiter. If `StrSplit()` is passed a std::string in place of a
+// `Delimiter` object, the std::string will be implicitly converted into a
+// `ByString` delimiter.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   // Because a std::string literal is converted to an `absl::ByString`,
+//   // the following two splits are equivalent.
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v1 = absl::StrSplit("a, b, c", ", ");
+//
+//   using absl::ByString;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v2 = absl::StrSplit("a, b, c",
+//                                                ByString(", "));
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] == "c"
+class ByString {
+ public:
+  explicit ByString(absl::string_view sp);
+  absl::string_view Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const;
+
+ private:
+  const std::string delimiter_;
+};
+
+// ByChar
+//
+// A single character delimiter. `ByChar` is functionally equivalent to a
+// 1-char std::string within a `ByString` delimiter, but slightly more
+// efficient.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   // Because a char literal is converted to a absl::ByChar,
+//   // the following two splits are equivalent.
+//   std::vector<std::string> v1 = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+//   using absl::ByChar;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v2 = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ByChar(','));
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] == "c"
+//
+// `ByChar` is also the default delimiter if a single character is given
+// as the delimiter to `StrSplit()`. For example, the following calls are
+// equivalent:
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a-b", '-');
+//
+//   using absl::ByChar;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a-b", ByChar('-'));
+//
+class ByChar {
+ public:
+  explicit ByChar(char c) : c_(c) {}
+  absl::string_view Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const;
+
+ private:
+  char c_;
+};
+
+// ByAnyChar
+//
+// A delimiter that will match any of the given byte-sized characters within
+// its provided std::string.
+//
+// Note: this delimiter works with single-byte std::string data, but does not work
+// with variable-width encodings, such as UTF-8.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   using absl::ByAnyChar;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b=c", ByAnyChar(",="));
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] == "c"
+//
+// If `ByAnyChar` is given the empty std::string, it behaves exactly like
+// `ByString` and matches each individual character in the input std::string.
+//
+class ByAnyChar {
+ public:
+  explicit ByAnyChar(absl::string_view sp);
+  absl::string_view Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const;
+
+ private:
+  const std::string delimiters_;
+};
+
+// ByLength
+//
+// A delimiter for splitting into equal-length strings. The length argument to
+// the constructor must be greater than 0.
+//
+// Note: this delimiter works with single-byte std::string data, but does not work
+// with variable-width encodings, such as UTF-8.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   using absl::ByLength;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("123456789", ByLength(3));
+
+//   // v[0] == "123", v[1] == "456", v[2] == "789"
+//
+// Note that the std::string does not have to be a multiple of the fixed split
+// length. In such a case, the last substring will be shorter.
+//
+//   using absl::ByLength;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("12345", ByLength(2));
+//
+//   // v[0] == "12", v[1] == "35", v[2] == "5"
+class ByLength {
+ public:
+  explicit ByLength(ptrdiff_t length);
+  absl::string_view Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) const;
+
+ private:
+  const ptrdiff_t length_;
+};
+
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+// A traits-like metafunction for selecting the default Delimiter object type
+// for a particular Delimiter type. The base case simply exposes type Delimiter
+// itself as the delimiter's Type. However, there are specializations for
+// std::string-like objects that map them to the ByString delimiter object.
+// This allows functions like absl::StrSplit() and absl::MaxSplits() to accept
+// std::string-like objects (e.g., ',') as delimiter arguments but they will be
+// treated as if a ByString delimiter was given.
+template <typename Delimiter>
+struct SelectDelimiter {
+  using type = Delimiter;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct SelectDelimiter<char> {
+  using type = ByChar;
+};
+template <>
+struct SelectDelimiter<char*> {
+  using type = ByString;
+};
+template <>
+struct SelectDelimiter<const char*> {
+  using type = ByString;
+};
+template <>
+struct SelectDelimiter<absl::string_view> {
+  using type = ByString;
+};
+template <>
+struct SelectDelimiter<std::string> {
+  using type = ByString;
+};
+
+// Wraps another delimiter and sets a max number of matches for that delimiter.
+template <typename Delimiter>
+class MaxSplitsImpl {
+ public:
+  MaxSplitsImpl(Delimiter delimiter, int limit)
+      : delimiter_(delimiter), limit_(limit), count_(0) {}
+  absl::string_view Find(absl::string_view text, size_t pos) {
+    if (count_++ == limit_) {
+      return absl::string_view(text.end(), 0);  // No more matches.
+    }
+    return delimiter_.Find(text, pos);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  Delimiter delimiter_;
+  const int limit_;
+  int count_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+
+// MaxSplits()
+//
+// A delimiter that limits the number of matches which can occur to the passed
+// `limit`. The last element in the returned collection will contain all
+// remaining unsplit pieces, which may contain instances of the delimiter.
+// The collection will contain at most `limit` + 1 elements.
+// Example:
+//
+//   using absl::MaxSplits;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", MaxSplits(',', 1));
+//
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b,c"
+template <typename Delimiter>
+inline strings_internal::MaxSplitsImpl<
+    typename strings_internal::SelectDelimiter<Delimiter>::type>
+MaxSplits(Delimiter delimiter, int limit) {
+  typedef
+      typename strings_internal::SelectDelimiter<Delimiter>::type DelimiterType;
+  return strings_internal::MaxSplitsImpl<DelimiterType>(
+      DelimiterType(delimiter), limit);
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Predicates
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Predicates filter the results of a `StrSplit()` by determining whether or not
+// a resultant element is included in the result set. A predicate may be passed
+// as an optional third argument to the `StrSplit()` function.
+//
+// Predicates are unary functions (or functors) that take a single
+// `absl::string_view` argument and return a bool indicating whether the
+// argument should be included (`true`) or excluded (`false`).
+//
+// Predicates are useful when filtering out empty substrings. By default, empty
+// substrings may be returned by `StrSplit()`, which is similar to the way split
+// functions work in other programming languages.
+
+// AllowEmpty()
+//
+// Always returns `true`, indicating that all strings--including empty
+// strings--should be included in the split output. This predicate is not
+// strictly needed because this is the default behavior of `StrSplit()`;
+// however, it might be useful at some call sites to make the intent explicit.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//  std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(" a , ,,b,", ',', AllowEmpty());
+//
+//  // v[0] == " a ", v[1] == " ", v[2] == "", v[3] = "b", v[4] == ""
+struct AllowEmpty {
+  bool operator()(absl::string_view) const { return true; }
+};
+
+// SkipEmpty()
+//
+// Returns `false` if the given `absl::string_view` is empty, indicating that
+// `StrSplit()` should omit the empty std::string.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(",a,,b,", ',', SkipEmpty());
+//
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b"
+//
+// Note: `SkipEmpty()` does not consider a std::string containing only whitespace
+// to be empty. To skip such whitespace as well, use the `SkipWhitespace()`
+// predicate.
+struct SkipEmpty {
+  bool operator()(absl::string_view sp) const { return !sp.empty(); }
+};
+
+// SkipWhitespace()
+//
+// Returns `false` if the given `absl::string_view` is empty *or* contains only
+// whitespace, indicating that `StrSplit()` should omit the std::string.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(" a , ,,b,",
+//                                               ',', SkipWhitespace());
+//   // v[0] == " a ", v[1] == "b"
+//
+//   // SkipEmpty() would return whitespace elements
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(" a , ,,b,", ',', SkipEmpty());
+//   // v[0] == " a ", v[1] == " ", v[2] == "b"
+struct SkipWhitespace {
+  bool operator()(absl::string_view sp) const {
+    sp = absl::StripAsciiWhitespace(sp);
+    return !sp.empty();
+  }
+};
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                  StrSplit()
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// StrSplit()
+//
+// Splits a given `std::string` based on the provided `Delimiter` object,
+// returning the elements within the type specified by the caller. Optionally,
+// you may also pass a `Predicate` to `StrSplit()` indicating whether to include
+// or exclude the resulting element within the final result set. (See the
+// overviews for Delimiters and Predicates above.)
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c,d", ',');
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] == "c", v[3] == "d"
+//
+// You can also provide an explicit `Delimiter` object:
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   using absl::ByAnyChar;
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b=c", ByAnyChar(",="));
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] == "c"
+//
+// See above for more information on delimiters.
+//
+// By default, empty strings are included in the result set. You can optionally
+// include a third `Predicate` argument to apply a test for whether the
+// resultant element should be included in the result set:
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(" a , ,,b,",
+//                                               ',', SkipWhitespace());
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b"
+//
+// See above for more information on predicates.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// StrSplit() Return Types
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// The `StrSplit()` function adapts the returned collection to the collection
+// specified by the caller (e.g. `std::vector` above). The returned collections
+// may contain `string`, `absl::string_view` (in which case the original std::string
+// being split must ensure that it outlives the collection), or any object that
+// can be explicitly created from an `absl::string_view`. This behavior works
+// for:
+//
+// 1) All standard STL containers including `std::vector`, `std::list`,
+//    `std::deque`, `std::set`,`std::multiset`, 'std::map`, and `std::multimap`
+// 2) `std::pair` (which is not actually a container). See below.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   // The results are returned as `absl::string_view` objects. Note that we
+//   // have to ensure that the input std::string outlives any results.
+//   std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+//
+//   // Stores results in a std::set<std::string>, which also performs
+//   // de-duplication and orders the elements in ascending order.
+//   std::set<std::string> a = absl::StrSplit("b,a,c,a,b", ',');
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "b", v[2] = "c"
+//
+//   // `StrSplit()` can be used within a range-based for loop, in which case
+//   // each element will be of type `absl::string_view`.
+//   std::vector<std::string> v;
+//   for (const auto sv : absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',')) {
+//     if (sv != "b") v.emplace_back(sv);
+//   }
+//   // v[0] == "a", v[1] == "c"
+//
+//   // Stores results in a map. The map implementation assumes that the input
+//   // is provided as a series of key/value pairs. For example, the 0th element
+//   // resulting from the split will be stored as a key to the 1st element. If
+//   // an odd number of elements are resolved, the last element is paired with
+//   // a default-constructed value (e.g., empty std::string).
+//   std::map<std::string, std::string> m = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+//   // m["a"] == "b", m["c"] == ""     // last component value equals ""
+//
+// Splitting to `std::pair` is an interesting case because it can hold only two
+// elements and is not a collection type. When splitting to a `std::pair` the
+// first two split strings become the `std::pair` `.first` and `.second`
+// members, respectively. The remaining split substrings are discarded. If there
+// are less than two split substrings, the empty std::string is used for the
+// corresponding
+// `std::pair` member.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   // Stores first two split strings as the members in a std::pair.
+//   std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+//   // p.first == "a", p.second == "b"       // "c" is omitted.
+//
+// The `StrSplit()` function can be used multiple times to perform more
+// complicated splitting logic, such as intelligently parsing key-value pairs.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   // The input std::string "a=b=c,d=e,f=,g" becomes
+//   // { "a" => "b=c", "d" => "e", "f" => "", "g" => "" }
+//   std::map<std::string, std::string> m;
+//   for (absl::string_view sp : absl::StrSplit("a=b=c,d=e,f=,g", ',')) {
+//     m.insert(absl::StrSplit(sp, absl::MaxSplits('=', 1)));
+//   }
+//   EXPECT_EQ("b=c", m.find("a")->second);
+//   EXPECT_EQ("e", m.find("d")->second);
+//   EXPECT_EQ("", m.find("f")->second);
+//   EXPECT_EQ("", m.find("g")->second);
+//
+// WARNING: Due to a legacy bug that is maintained for backward compatibility,
+// splitting the following empty string_views produces different results:
+//
+//   absl::StrSplit(absl::string_view(""), '-');  // {""}
+//   absl::StrSplit(absl::string_view(), '-');    // {}, but should be {""}
+//
+// Try not to depend on this distinction because the bug may one day be fixed.
+template <typename Delimiter>
+strings_internal::Splitter<
+    typename strings_internal::SelectDelimiter<Delimiter>::type, AllowEmpty>
+StrSplit(strings_internal::ConvertibleToStringView text, Delimiter d) {
+  using DelimiterType =
+      typename strings_internal::SelectDelimiter<Delimiter>::type;
+  return strings_internal::Splitter<DelimiterType, AllowEmpty>(
+      std::move(text), DelimiterType(d), AllowEmpty());
+}
+
+template <typename Delimiter, typename Predicate>
+strings_internal::Splitter<
+    typename strings_internal::SelectDelimiter<Delimiter>::type, Predicate>
+StrSplit(strings_internal::ConvertibleToStringView text, Delimiter d,
+         Predicate p) {
+  using DelimiterType =
+      typename strings_internal::SelectDelimiter<Delimiter>::type;
+  return strings_internal::Splitter<DelimiterType, Predicate>(
+      std::move(text), DelimiterType(d), std::move(p));
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_STR_SPLIT_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..500f3cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/str_split_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,902 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+
+#include <deque>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/base/dynamic_annotations.h"  // for RunningOnValgrind
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/strings/numbers.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+using ::testing::ElementsAre;
+using ::testing::Pair;
+using ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre;
+
+// This tests the overall split API, which is made up of the absl::StrSplit()
+// function and the Delimiter objects in the absl:: namespace.
+// This TEST macro is outside of any namespace to require full specification of
+// namespaces just like callers will need to use.
+TEST(Split, APIExamples) {
+  {
+    // Passes std::string delimiter. Assumes the default of Literal.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+
+    // Equivalent to...
+    using absl::ByString;
+    v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ByString(","));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+
+    // Equivalent to...
+    EXPECT_THAT(absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ByString(",")),
+                ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Same as above, but using a single character as the delimiter.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+
+    // Equivalent to...
+    using absl::ByChar;
+    v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ByChar(','));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Same as above, but using std::string
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+
+    // Equivalent to...
+    using absl::ByChar;
+    v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ByChar(','));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Uses the Literal std::string "=>" as the delimiter.
+    const std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a=>b=>c", "=>");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // The substrings are returned as string_views, eliminating copying.
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Leading and trailing empty substrings.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(",a,b,c,", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("", "a", "b", "c", ""));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Splits on a delimiter that is not found.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("abc", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("abc"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Splits the input std::string into individual characters by using an empty
+    // std::string as the delimiter.
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("abc", "");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Splits std::string data with embedded NUL characters, using NUL as the
+    // delimiter. A simple delimiter of "\0" doesn't work because strlen() will
+    // say that's the empty std::string when constructing the absl::string_view
+    // delimiter. Instead, a non-empty std::string containing NUL can be used as the
+    // delimiter.
+    std::string embedded_nulls("a\0b\0c", 5);
+    std::string null_delim("\0", 1);
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit(embedded_nulls, null_delim);
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Stores first two split strings as the members in a std::pair.
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ("a", p.first);
+    EXPECT_EQ("b", p.second);
+    // "c" is omitted because std::pair can hold only two elements.
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Results stored in std::set<std::string>
+    std::set<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c,a,b,c,a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Uses a non-const char* delimiter.
+    char a[] = ",";
+    char* d = a + 0;
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", d);
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Results split using either of , or ;
+    using absl::ByAnyChar;
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b;c", ByAnyChar(",;"));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Uses the SkipWhitespace predicate.
+    using absl::SkipWhitespace;
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a, ,,b,", ',', SkipWhitespace());
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Uses the ByLength delimiter.
+    using absl::ByLength;
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("abcdefg", ByLength(3));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("abc", "def", "g"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Different forms of initialization / conversion.
+    std::vector<std::string> v1 = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v1, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+    std::vector<std::string> v2(absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ','));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v2, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+    auto v3 = std::vector<std::string>(absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ','));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v3, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+    v3 = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v3, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Results stored in a std::map.
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> m = absl::StrSplit("a,1,b,2,a,3", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, m.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ("3", m["a"]);
+    EXPECT_EQ("2", m["b"]);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Results stored in a std::multimap.
+    std::multimap<std::string, std::string> m = absl::StrSplit("a,1,b,2,a,3", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, m.size());
+    auto it = m.find("a");
+    EXPECT_EQ("1", it->second);
+    ++it;
+    EXPECT_EQ("3", it->second);
+    it = m.find("b");
+    EXPECT_EQ("2", it->second);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Demonstrates use in a range-based for loop in C++11.
+    std::string s = "x,x,x,x,x,x,x";
+    for (absl::string_view sp : absl::StrSplit(s, ',')) {
+      EXPECT_EQ("x", sp);
+    }
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Demonstrates use with a Predicate in a range-based for loop.
+    using absl::SkipWhitespace;
+    std::string s = " ,x,,x,,x,x,x,,";
+    for (absl::string_view sp : absl::StrSplit(s, ',', SkipWhitespace())) {
+      EXPECT_EQ("x", sp);
+    }
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Demonstrates a "smart" split to std::map using two separate calls to
+    // absl::StrSplit. One call to split the records, and another call to split
+    // the keys and values. This also uses the Limit delimiter so that the
+    // std::string "a=b=c" will split to "a" -> "b=c".
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> m;
+    for (absl::string_view sp : absl::StrSplit("a=b=c,d=e,f=,g", ',')) {
+      m.insert(absl::StrSplit(sp, absl::MaxSplits('=', 1)));
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ("b=c", m.find("a")->second);
+    EXPECT_EQ("e", m.find("d")->second);
+    EXPECT_EQ("", m.find("f")->second);
+    EXPECT_EQ("", m.find("g")->second);
+  }
+}
+
+//
+// Tests for SplitIterator
+//
+
+TEST(SplitIterator, Basics) {
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit("a,b", ',');
+  auto it = splitter.begin();
+  auto end = splitter.end();
+
+  EXPECT_NE(it, end);
+  EXPECT_EQ("a", *it);  // tests dereference
+  ++it;  // tests preincrement
+  EXPECT_NE(it, end);
+  EXPECT_EQ("b", std::string(it->data(), it->size()));  // tests dereference as ptr
+  it++;  // tests postincrement
+  EXPECT_EQ(it, end);
+}
+
+// Simple Predicate to skip a particular std::string.
+class Skip {
+ public:
+  explicit Skip(const std::string& s) : s_(s) {}
+  bool operator()(absl::string_view sp) { return sp != s_; }
+
+ private:
+  std::string s_;
+};
+
+TEST(SplitIterator, Predicate) {
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',', Skip("b"));
+  auto it = splitter.begin();
+  auto end = splitter.end();
+
+  EXPECT_NE(it, end);
+  EXPECT_EQ("a", *it);  // tests dereference
+  ++it;  // tests preincrement -- "b" should be skipped here.
+  EXPECT_NE(it, end);
+  EXPECT_EQ("c", std::string(it->data(), it->size()));  // tests dereference as ptr
+  it++;  // tests postincrement
+  EXPECT_EQ(it, end);
+}
+
+TEST(SplitIterator, EdgeCases) {
+  // Expected input and output, assuming a delimiter of ','
+  struct {
+    std::string in;
+    std::vector<std::string> expect;
+  } specs[] = {
+    {"", {""}},
+    {"foo", {"foo"}},
+    {",", {"", ""}},
+    {",foo", {"", "foo"}},
+    {"foo,", {"foo", ""}},
+    {",foo,", {"", "foo", ""}},
+    {"foo,bar", {"foo", "bar"}},
+  };
+
+  for (const auto& spec : specs) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE(spec.in);
+    auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(spec.in, ',');
+    auto it = splitter.begin();
+    auto end = splitter.end();
+    for (const auto& expected : spec.expect) {
+      EXPECT_NE(it, end);
+      EXPECT_EQ(expected, *it++);
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(it, end);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Splitter, Const) {
+  const auto splitter = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+  EXPECT_THAT(splitter, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, EmptyAndNull) {
+  // Attention: Splitting a null absl::string_view is different than splitting
+  // an empty absl::string_view even though both string_views are considered
+  // equal. This behavior is likely surprising and undesirable. However, to
+  // maintain backward compatibility, there is a small "hack" in
+  // str_split_internal.h that preserves this behavior. If that behavior is ever
+  // changed/fixed, this test will need to be updated.
+  EXPECT_THAT(absl::StrSplit(absl::string_view(""), '-'), ElementsAre(""));
+  EXPECT_THAT(absl::StrSplit(absl::string_view(), '-'), ElementsAre());
+}
+
+TEST(SplitIterator, EqualityAsEndCondition) {
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+  auto it = splitter.begin();
+  auto it2 = it;
+
+  // Increments it2 twice to point to "c" in the input text.
+  ++it2;
+  ++it2;
+  EXPECT_EQ("c", *it2);
+
+  // This test uses a non-end SplitIterator as the terminating condition in a
+  // for loop. This relies on SplitIterator equality for non-end SplitIterators
+  // working correctly. At this point it2 points to "c", and we use that as the
+  // "end" condition in this test.
+  std::vector<absl::string_view> v;
+  for (; it != it2; ++it) {
+    v.push_back(*it);
+  }
+  EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+}
+
+//
+// Tests for Splitter
+//
+
+TEST(Splitter, RangeIterators) {
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+  std::vector<absl::string_view> output;
+  for (const absl::string_view p : splitter) {
+    output.push_back(p);
+  }
+  EXPECT_THAT(output, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+}
+
+// Some template functions for use in testing conversion operators
+template <typename ContainerType, typename Splitter>
+void TestConversionOperator(const Splitter& splitter) {
+  ContainerType output = splitter;
+  EXPECT_THAT(output, UnorderedElementsAre("a", "b", "c", "d"));
+}
+
+template <typename MapType, typename Splitter>
+void TestMapConversionOperator(const Splitter& splitter) {
+  MapType m = splitter;
+  EXPECT_THAT(m, UnorderedElementsAre(Pair("a", "b"), Pair("c", "d")));
+}
+
+template <typename FirstType, typename SecondType, typename Splitter>
+void TestPairConversionOperator(const Splitter& splitter) {
+  std::pair<FirstType, SecondType> p = splitter;
+  EXPECT_EQ(p, (std::pair<FirstType, SecondType>("a", "b")));
+}
+
+TEST(Splitter, ConversionOperator) {
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c,d", ',');
+
+  TestConversionOperator<std::vector<absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::vector<std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::list<absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::list<std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::deque<absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::deque<std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::set<absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::set<std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::multiset<absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::multiset<std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestConversionOperator<std::unordered_set<std::string>>(splitter);
+
+  // Tests conversion to map-like objects.
+
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::map<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>>(
+      splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::map<absl::string_view, std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::map<std::string, absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::map<std::string, std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<
+      std::multimap<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::multimap<absl::string_view, std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::multimap<std::string, absl::string_view>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::multimap<std::string, std::string>>(splitter);
+  TestMapConversionOperator<std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>>(splitter);
+
+  // Tests conversion to std::pair
+
+  TestPairConversionOperator<absl::string_view, absl::string_view>(splitter);
+  TestPairConversionOperator<absl::string_view, std::string>(splitter);
+  TestPairConversionOperator<std::string, absl::string_view>(splitter);
+  TestPairConversionOperator<std::string, std::string>(splitter);
+}
+
+// A few additional tests for conversion to std::pair. This conversion is
+// different from others because a std::pair always has exactly two elements:
+// .first and .second. The split has to work even when the split has
+// less-than, equal-to, and more-than 2 strings.
+TEST(Splitter, ToPair) {
+  {
+    // Empty std::string
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit("", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ("", p.first);
+    EXPECT_EQ("", p.second);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Only first
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit("a", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ("a", p.first);
+    EXPECT_EQ("", p.second);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Only second
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit(",b", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ("", p.first);
+    EXPECT_EQ("b", p.second);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // First and second.
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit("a,b", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ("a", p.first);
+    EXPECT_EQ("b", p.second);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // First and second and then more stuff that will be ignored.
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> p = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ("a", p.first);
+    EXPECT_EQ("b", p.second);
+    // "c" is omitted.
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Splitter, Predicates) {
+  static const char kTestChars[] = ",a, ,b,";
+  using absl::AllowEmpty;
+  using absl::SkipEmpty;
+  using absl::SkipWhitespace;
+
+  {
+    // No predicate. Does not skip empties.
+    auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(kTestChars, ',');
+    std::vector<std::string> v = splitter;
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("", "a", " ", "b", ""));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Allows empty strings. Same behavior as no predicate at all.
+    auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(kTestChars, ',', AllowEmpty());
+    std::vector<std::string> v_allowempty = splitter;
+    EXPECT_THAT(v_allowempty, ElementsAre("", "a", " ", "b", ""));
+
+    // Ensures AllowEmpty equals the behavior with no predicate.
+    auto splitter_nopredicate = absl::StrSplit(kTestChars, ',');
+    std::vector<std::string> v_nopredicate = splitter_nopredicate;
+    EXPECT_EQ(v_allowempty, v_nopredicate);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Skips empty strings.
+    auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(kTestChars, ',', SkipEmpty());
+    std::vector<std::string> v = splitter;
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", " ", "b"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Skips empty and all-whitespace strings.
+    auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(kTestChars, ',', SkipWhitespace());
+    std::vector<std::string> v = splitter;
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+}
+
+//
+// Tests for StrSplit()
+//
+
+TEST(Split, Basics) {
+  {
+    // Doesn't really do anything useful because the return value is ignored,
+    // but it should work.
+    absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Ensures that assignment works. This requires a little extra work with
+    // C++11 because of overloads with initializer_list.
+    std::vector<std::string> v;
+    v = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b", "c"));
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> m;
+    m = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, m.size());
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> hm;
+    hm = absl::StrSplit("a,b,c", ',');
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, hm.size());
+  }
+}
+
+absl::string_view ReturnStringView() { return "Hello World"; }
+const char* ReturnConstCharP() { return "Hello World"; }
+char* ReturnCharP() { return const_cast<char*>("Hello World"); }
+
+TEST(Split, AcceptsCertainTemporaries) {
+  std::vector<std::string> v;
+  v = absl::StrSplit(ReturnStringView(), ' ');
+  EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("Hello", "World"));
+  v = absl::StrSplit(ReturnConstCharP(), ' ');
+  EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("Hello", "World"));
+  v = absl::StrSplit(ReturnCharP(), ' ');
+  EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("Hello", "World"));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, Temporary) {
+  // Use a std::string longer than the small-std::string-optimization length, so that when
+  // the temporary is destroyed, if the splitter keeps a reference to the
+  // std::string's contents, it'll reference freed memory instead of just dead
+  // on-stack memory.
+  const char input[] = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u";
+  EXPECT_LT(sizeof(std::string), ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(input))
+      << "Input should be larger than fits on the stack.";
+
+  // This happens more often in C++11 as part of a range-based for loop.
+  auto splitter = absl::StrSplit(std::string(input), ',');
+  std::string expected = "a";
+  for (absl::string_view letter : splitter) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, letter);
+    ++expected[0];
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ("v", expected);
+
+  // This happens more often in C++11 as part of a range-based for loop.
+  auto std_splitter = absl::StrSplit(std::string(input), ',');
+  expected = "a";
+  for (absl::string_view letter : std_splitter) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, letter);
+    ++expected[0];
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ("v", expected);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+static std::unique_ptr<T> CopyToHeap(const T& value) {
+  return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(value));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, LvalueCaptureIsCopyable) {
+  std::string input = "a,b";
+  auto heap_splitter = CopyToHeap(absl::StrSplit(input, ','));
+  auto stack_splitter = *heap_splitter;
+  heap_splitter.reset();
+  std::vector<std::string> result = stack_splitter;
+  EXPECT_THAT(result, testing::ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, TemporaryCaptureIsCopyable) {
+  auto heap_splitter = CopyToHeap(absl::StrSplit(std::string("a,b"), ','));
+  auto stack_splitter = *heap_splitter;
+  heap_splitter.reset();
+  std::vector<std::string> result = stack_splitter;
+  EXPECT_THAT(result, testing::ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, SplitterIsCopyableAndMoveable) {
+  auto a = absl::StrSplit("foo", '-');
+
+  // Ensures that the following expressions compile.
+  auto b = a;             // Copy construct
+  auto c = std::move(a);  // Move construct
+  b = c;                  // Copy assign
+  c = std::move(b);       // Move assign
+
+  EXPECT_THAT(c, ElementsAre("foo"));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, StringDelimiter) {
+  {
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,b", std::string(","));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v =
+        absl::StrSplit("a,b", absl::string_view(","));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Split, UTF8) {
+  // Tests splitting utf8 strings and utf8 delimiters.
+  {
+    // A utf8 input std::string with an ascii delimiter.
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,κόσμε", ',');
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "κόσμε"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A utf8 input std::string and a utf8 delimiter.
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit("a,κόσμε,b", ",κόσμε,");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    // A utf8 input std::string and ByAnyChar with ascii chars.
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v =
+        absl::StrSplit("Foo hällo th丞re", absl::ByAnyChar(" \t"));
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("Foo", "hällo", "th丞re"));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Split, EmptyStringDelimiter) {
+  {
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("", "");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre(""));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a", "");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("ab", "");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::vector<std::string> v = absl::StrSplit("a b", "");
+    EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre("a", " ", "b"));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(Split, SubstrDelimiter) {
+  std::vector<absl::string_view> results;
+  absl::string_view delim("//");
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre(""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("//", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab//", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab/", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab/"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("a/b", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("a/b"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("a//b", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("a", "b"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("a///b", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("a", "/b"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("a////b", delim);
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("a", "", "b"));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, EmptyResults) {
+  std::vector<absl::string_view> results;
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre(""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("#", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("#cd", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("", "cd"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab#cd#", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab", "cd", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab##cd", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab", "", "cd"));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab##", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab", "", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("ab#ab#", '#');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("ab", "ab", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("aaaa", 'a');
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre("", "", "", "", ""));
+
+  results = absl::StrSplit("", '#', absl::SkipEmpty());
+  EXPECT_THAT(results, ElementsAre());
+}
+
+template <typename Delimiter>
+static bool IsFoundAtStartingPos(absl::string_view text, Delimiter d,
+                                 size_t starting_pos, int expected_pos) {
+  absl::string_view found = d.Find(text, starting_pos);
+  return found.data() != text.end() &&
+         expected_pos == found.data() - text.data();
+}
+
+// Helper function for testing Delimiter objects. Returns true if the given
+// Delimiter is found in the given std::string at the given position. This function
+// tests two cases:
+//   1. The actual text given, staring at position 0
+//   2. The text given with leading padding that should be ignored
+template <typename Delimiter>
+static bool IsFoundAt(absl::string_view text, Delimiter d, int expected_pos) {
+  const std::string leading_text = ",x,y,z,";
+  return IsFoundAtStartingPos(text, d, 0, expected_pos) &&
+         IsFoundAtStartingPos(leading_text + std::string(text), d,
+                              leading_text.length(),
+                              expected_pos + leading_text.length());
+}
+
+//
+// Tests for Literal
+//
+
+// Tests using any delimiter that represents a single comma.
+template <typename Delimiter>
+void TestComma(Delimiter d) {
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",", d, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,", d, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",b", d, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,b", d, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,b,", d, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,b,c", d, 1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("", d, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt(" ", d, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a", d, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a b c", d, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a;b;c", d, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt(";", d, -1));
+}
+
+TEST(Delimiter, Literal) {
+  using absl::ByString;
+  TestComma(ByString(","));
+
+  // Works as named variable.
+  ByString comma_string(",");
+  TestComma(comma_string);
+
+  // The first occurrence of empty std::string ("") in a std::string is at position 0.
+  // There is a test below that demonstrates this for absl::string_view::find().
+  // If the ByString delimiter returned position 0 for this, there would
+  // be an infinite loop in the SplitIterator code. To avoid this, empty std::string
+  // is a special case in that it always returns the item at position 1.
+  absl::string_view abc("abc");
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, abc.find(""));  // "" is found at position 0
+  ByString empty("");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("", empty, 0));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a", empty, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("ab", empty, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("abc", empty, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, ByChar) {
+  using absl::ByChar;
+  TestComma(ByChar(','));
+
+  // Works as named variable.
+  ByChar comma_char(',');
+  TestComma(comma_char);
+}
+
+//
+// Tests for ByAnyChar
+//
+
+TEST(Delimiter, ByAnyChar) {
+  using absl::ByAnyChar;
+  ByAnyChar one_delim(",");
+  // Found
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",", one_delim, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,", one_delim, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,b", one_delim, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",b", one_delim, 0));
+  // Not found
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("", one_delim, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt(" ", one_delim, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a", one_delim, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a;b;c", one_delim, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt(";", one_delim, -1));
+
+  ByAnyChar two_delims(",;");
+  // Found
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",", two_delims, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(";", two_delims, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",;", two_delims, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(";,", two_delims, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(",;b", two_delims, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt(";,b", two_delims, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a;,", two_delims, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,;", two_delims, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a;,b", two_delims, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a,;b", two_delims, 1));
+  // Not found
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("", two_delims, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt(" ", two_delims, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a", two_delims, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a=b=c", two_delims, -1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("=", two_delims, -1));
+
+  // ByAnyChar behaves just like ByString when given a delimiter of empty
+  // std::string. That is, it always returns a zero-length absl::string_view
+  // referring to the item at position 1, not position 0.
+  ByAnyChar empty("");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("", empty, 0));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a", empty, 0));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("ab", empty, 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("abc", empty, 1));
+}
+
+//
+// Tests for ByLength
+//
+
+TEST(Delimiter, ByLength) {
+  using absl::ByLength;
+
+  ByLength four_char_delim(4);
+
+  // Found
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("abcde", four_char_delim, 4));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", four_char_delim, 4));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsFoundAt("a b,c\nd", four_char_delim, 4));
+  // Not found
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("", four_char_delim, 0));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("a", four_char_delim, 0));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("ab", four_char_delim, 0));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("abc", four_char_delim, 0));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsFoundAt("abcd", four_char_delim, 0));
+}
+
+TEST(Split, WorksWithLargeStrings) {
+  if (sizeof(size_t) > 4) {
+    std::string s((uint32_t{1} << 31) + 1, 'x');  // 2G + 1 byte
+    s.back() = '-';
+    std::vector<absl::string_view> v = absl::StrSplit(s, '-');
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, v.size());
+    // The first element will contain 2G of 'x's.
+    // testing::StartsWith is too slow with a 2G std::string.
+    EXPECT_EQ('x', v[0][0]);
+    EXPECT_EQ('x', v[0][1]);
+    EXPECT_EQ('x', v[0][3]);
+    EXPECT_EQ("", v[1]);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(SplitInternalTest, TypeTraits) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::strings_internal::HasMappedType<int>::value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (absl::strings_internal::HasMappedType<std::map<int, int>>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::strings_internal::HasValueType<int>::value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (absl::strings_internal::HasValueType<std::map<int, int>>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::strings_internal::HasConstIterator<int>::value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (absl::strings_internal::HasConstIterator<std::map<int, int>>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::strings_internal::IsInitializerList<int>::value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE((absl::strings_internal::IsInitializerList<
+               std::initializer_list<int>>::value));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f8d21f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: strip.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This file contains various functions for stripping substrings from a std::string.
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_STRIP_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_STRIP_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+#include "absl/strings/match.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+
+// ConsumePrefix()
+//
+// Strips the `expected` prefix from the start of the given std::string, returning
+// `true` if the strip operation succeeded or false otherwise.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   absl::string_view input("abc");
+//   EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "a"));
+//   EXPECT_EQ(input, "bc");
+inline bool ConsumePrefix(absl::string_view* str, absl::string_view expected) {
+  if (!absl::StartsWith(*str, expected)) return false;
+  str->remove_prefix(expected.size());
+  return true;
+}
+// ConsumeSuffix()
+//
+// Strips the `expected` suffix from the end of the given std::string, returning
+// `true` if the strip operation succeeded or false otherwise.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   absl::string_view input("abcdef");
+//   EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, "def"));
+//   EXPECT_EQ(input, "abc");
+inline bool ConsumeSuffix(absl::string_view* str, absl::string_view expected) {
+  if (!absl::EndsWith(*str, expected)) return false;
+  str->remove_suffix(expected.size());
+  return true;
+}
+
+// StripPrefix()
+//
+// Returns a view into the input std::string 'str' with the given 'prefix' removed,
+// but leaving the original std::string intact. If the prefix does not match at the
+// start of the std::string, returns the original std::string instead.
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline absl::string_view StripPrefix(
+    absl::string_view str, absl::string_view prefix) {
+  if (absl::StartsWith(str, prefix)) str.remove_prefix(prefix.size());
+  return str;
+}
+
+// StripSuffix()
+//
+// Returns a view into the input std::string 'str' with the given 'suffix' removed,
+// but leaving the original std::string intact. If the suffix does not match at the
+// end of the std::string, returns the original std::string instead.
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline absl::string_view StripSuffix(
+    absl::string_view str, absl::string_view suffix) {
+  if (absl::EndsWith(str, suffix)) str.remove_suffix(suffix.size());
+  return str;
+}
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_STRIP_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff0e7f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/strip_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// This file contains functions that remove a defined part from the std::string,
+// i.e., strip the std::string.
+
+#include "absl/strings/strip.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+using testing::ElementsAre;
+using testing::IsEmpty;
+
+TEST(Strip, ConsumePrefixOneChar) {
+  absl::string_view input("abc");
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "a"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "bc");
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "x"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "bc");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "b"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "c");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "c"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "");
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "a"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "");
+}
+
+TEST(Strip, ConsumePrefix) {
+  absl::string_view input("abcdef");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "abcdefg"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "abce"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, ""));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "abcdeg"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "abcdef"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "");
+
+  input = "abcdef";
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumePrefix(&input, "abcde"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "f");
+}
+
+TEST(Strip, ConsumeSuffix) {
+  absl::string_view input("abcdef");
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, "abcdefg"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, ""));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, "def"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abc");
+
+  input = "abcdef";
+  EXPECT_FALSE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, "abcdeg"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcdef");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, "f"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "abcde");
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(absl::ConsumeSuffix(&input, "abcde"));
+  EXPECT_EQ(input, "");
+}
+
+TEST(Strip, StripPrefix) {
+  const absl::string_view null_str;
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("foobar", "foo"), "bar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("foobar", ""), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("foobar", null_str), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("foobar", "foobar"), "");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("foobar", "bar"), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("foobar", "foobarr"), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripPrefix("", ""), "");
+}
+
+TEST(Strip, StripSuffix) {
+  const absl::string_view null_str;
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("foobar", "bar"), "foo");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("foobar", ""), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("foobar", null_str), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("foobar", "foobar"), "");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("foobar", "foo"), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("foobar", "ffoobar"), "foobar");
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StripSuffix("", ""), "");
+}
+
+TEST(Strip, RemoveExtraAsciiWhitespace) {
+  const char* inputs[] = {
+      "No extra space",
+      "  Leading whitespace",
+      "Trailing whitespace  ",
+      "  Leading and trailing  ",
+      " Whitespace \t  in\v   middle  ",
+      "'Eeeeep!  \n Newlines!\n",
+      "nospaces",
+  };
+  const char* outputs[] = {
+      "No extra space",
+      "Leading whitespace",
+      "Trailing whitespace",
+      "Leading and trailing",
+      "Whitespace in middle",
+      "'Eeeeep! Newlines!",
+      "nospaces",
+  };
+  int NUM_TESTS = 7;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_TESTS; i++) {
+    std::string s(inputs[i]);
+    absl::RemoveExtraAsciiWhitespace(&s);
+    EXPECT_STREQ(outputs[i], s.c_str());
+  }
+
+  // Test that absl::RemoveExtraAsciiWhitespace returns immediately for empty
+  // strings (It was adding the \0 character to the C++ std::string, which broke
+  // tests involving empty())
+  std::string zero_string = "";
+  assert(zero_string.empty());
+  absl::RemoveExtraAsciiWhitespace(&zero_string);
+  EXPECT_EQ(zero_string.size(), 0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(zero_string.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(Strip, StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace) {
+  std::string test = "foo  ";
+  absl::StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(&test);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, "foo");
+
+  test = "   ";
+  absl::StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(&test);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, "");
+
+  test = "";
+  absl::StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(&test);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, "");
+
+  test = " abc\t";
+  absl::StripTrailingAsciiWhitespace(&test);
+  EXPECT_EQ(test, " abc");
+}
+
+TEST(String, StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace) {
+  absl::string_view orig = "\t  \n\f\r\n\vfoo";
+  EXPECT_EQ("foo", absl::StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(orig));
+  orig = "\t  \n\f\r\v\n\t  \n\f\r\v\n";
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::string_view(), absl::StripLeadingAsciiWhitespace(orig));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f739f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/substitute.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include "absl/base/internal/raw_logging.h"
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+#include "absl/strings/escaping.h"
+#include "absl/strings/internal/resize_uninitialized.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace substitute_internal {
+
+void SubstituteAndAppendArray(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                              const absl::string_view* args_array,
+                              size_t num_args) {
+  // Determine total size needed.
+  size_t size = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < format.size(); i++) {
+    if (format[i] == '$') {
+      if (i + 1 >= format.size()) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL,
+                     "Invalid strings::Substitute() format std::string: \"%s\".",
+                     absl::CEscape(format).c_str());
+#endif
+        return;
+      } else if (absl::ascii_isdigit(format[i + 1])) {
+        int index = format[i + 1] - '0';
+        if (static_cast<size_t>(index) >= num_args) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+          ABSL_RAW_LOG(
+              FATAL,
+              "Invalid strings::Substitute() format std::string: asked for \"$"
+              "%d\", but only %d args were given.  Full format std::string was: "
+              "\"%s\".",
+              index, static_cast<int>(num_args), absl::CEscape(format).c_str());
+#endif
+          return;
+        }
+        size += args_array[index].size();
+        ++i;  // Skip next char.
+      } else if (format[i + 1] == '$') {
+        ++size;
+        ++i;  // Skip next char.
+      } else {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        ABSL_RAW_LOG(FATAL,
+                     "Invalid strings::Substitute() format std::string: \"%s\".",
+                     absl::CEscape(format).c_str());
+#endif
+        return;
+      }
+    } else {
+      ++size;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (size == 0) return;
+
+  // Build the std::string.
+  size_t original_size = output->size();
+  strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(output, original_size + size);
+  char* target = &(*output)[original_size];
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < format.size(); i++) {
+    if (format[i] == '$') {
+      if (absl::ascii_isdigit(format[i + 1])) {
+        const absl::string_view src = args_array[format[i + 1] - '0'];
+        target = std::copy(src.begin(), src.end(), target);
+        ++i;  // Skip next char.
+      } else if (format[i + 1] == '$') {
+        *target++ = '$';
+        ++i;  // Skip next char.
+      }
+    } else {
+      *target++ = format[i];
+    }
+  }
+
+  assert(target == output->data() + output->size());
+}
+
+Arg::Arg(const void* value) {
+  static_assert(sizeof(scratch_) >= sizeof(value) * 2 + 2,
+                "fix sizeof(scratch_)");
+  if (value == nullptr) {
+    piece_ = "NULL";
+  } else {
+    char* ptr = scratch_ + sizeof(scratch_);
+    uintptr_t num = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(value);
+    static const char kHexDigits[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+    do {
+      *--ptr = kHexDigits[num & 0xf];
+      num >>= 4;
+    } while (num != 0);
+    *--ptr = 'x';
+    *--ptr = '0';
+    piece_ = absl::string_view(ptr, scratch_ + sizeof(scratch_) - ptr);
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace substitute_internal
+}  // namespace absl
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.h b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5596a5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute.h
@@ -0,0 +1,664 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// File: substitute.h
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// This package contains functions for efficiently performing std::string
+// substitutions using a format std::string with positional notation:
+// `Substitute()` and `SubstituteAndAppend()`.
+//
+// Unlike printf-style format specifiers, `Substitute()` functions do not need
+// to specify the type of the substitution arguments. Supported arguments
+// following the format std::string, such as strings, string_views, ints,
+// floats, and bools, are automatically converted to strings during the
+// substitution process. (See below for a full list of supported types.)
+//
+// `Substitute()` does not allow you to specify *how* to format a value, beyond
+// the default conversion to std::string. For example, you cannot format an integer
+// in hex.
+//
+// The format std::string uses positional identifiers indicated by a dollar sign ($)
+// and single digit positional ids to indicate which substitution arguments to
+// use at that location within the format std::string.
+//
+// Example 1:
+//   std::string s = Substitute("$1 purchased $0 $2. Thanks $1!",
+//                         5, "Bob", "Apples");
+//   EXPECT_EQ("Bob purchased 5 Apples. Thanks Bob!", s);
+//
+// Example 2:
+//   std::string s = "Hi. ";
+//   SubstituteAndAppend(&s, "My name is $0 and I am $1 years old.", "Bob", 5);
+//   EXPECT_EQ("Hi. My name is Bob and I am 5 years old.", s);
+//
+//
+// Supported types:
+//   * absl::string_view, std::string, const char* (null is equivalent to "")
+//   * int32_t, int64_t, uint32_t, uint64
+//   * float, double
+//   * bool (Printed as "true" or "false")
+//   * pointer types other than char* (Printed as "0x<lower case hex std::string>",
+//     except that null is printed as "NULL")
+//
+// If an invalid format std::string is provided, Substitute returns an empty std::string
+// and SubstituteAndAppend does not change the provided output std::string.
+// A format std::string is invalid if it:
+//   * ends in an unescaped $ character,
+//     e.g. "Hello $", or
+//   * calls for a position argument which is not provided,
+//     e.g. Substitute("Hello $2", "world"), or
+//   * specifies a non-digit, non-$ character after an unescaped $ character,
+//     e.g. "Hello $f".
+// In debug mode, i.e. #ifndef NDEBUG, such errors terminate the program.
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_SUBSTITUTE_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_SUBSTITUTE_H_
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/base/port.h"
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"
+#include "absl/strings/escaping.h"
+#include "absl/strings/numbers.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+#include "absl/strings/strip.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace substitute_internal {
+
+// Arg
+//
+// This class provides an argument type for `absl::Substitute()` and
+// `absl::SubstituteAndAppend()`. `Arg` handles implicit conversion of various
+// types to a std::string. (`Arg` is very similar to the `AlphaNum` class in
+// `StrCat()`.)
+//
+// This class has implicit constructors.
+class Arg {
+ public:
+  // Overloads for std::string-y things
+  //
+  // Explicitly overload `const char*` so the compiler doesn't cast to `bool`.
+  Arg(const char* value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(absl::NullSafeStringView(value)) {}
+  Arg(const std::string& value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(value) {}
+  Arg(absl::string_view value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(value) {}
+
+  // Overloads for primitives
+  //
+  // No overloads are available for signed and unsigned char because if people
+  // are explicitly declaring their chars as signed or unsigned then they are
+  // probably using them as 8-bit integers and would probably prefer an integer
+  // representation. However, we can't really know, so we make the caller decide
+  // what to do.
+  Arg(char value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_, 1) { scratch_[0] = value; }
+  Arg(short value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(unsigned short value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(int value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(unsigned int value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(long value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(unsigned long value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(long long value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(unsigned long long value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_,
+               numbers_internal::FastIntToBuffer(value, scratch_) - scratch_) {}
+  Arg(float value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_, numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer(value, scratch_)) {
+  }
+  Arg(double value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(scratch_, numbers_internal::SixDigitsToBuffer(value, scratch_)) {
+  }
+  Arg(bool value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : piece_(value ? "true" : "false") {}
+  // `void*` values, with the exception of `char*`, are printed as
+  // "0x<hex value>". However, in the case of `nullptr`, "NULL" is printed.
+  Arg(const void* value);  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+
+  Arg(const Arg&) = delete;
+  Arg& operator=(const Arg&) = delete;
+
+  absl::string_view piece() const { return piece_; }
+
+ private:
+  absl::string_view piece_;
+  char scratch_[numbers_internal::kFastToBufferSize];
+};
+
+// Internal helper function. Don't call this from outside this implementation.
+// This interface may change without notice.
+void SubstituteAndAppendArray(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                              const absl::string_view* args_array,
+                              size_t num_args);
+
+#if defined(ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF)
+constexpr int CalculateOneBit(const char* format) {
+  return (*format < '0' || *format > '9') ? 0 : (1 << (*format - '0'));
+}
+
+constexpr const char* SkipNumber(const char* format) {
+  return !*format ? format : (format + 1);
+}
+
+constexpr int PlaceholderBitmask(const char* format) {
+  return !*format ? 0 : *format != '$'
+                             ? PlaceholderBitmask(format + 1)
+                             : (CalculateOneBit(format + 1) |
+                                   PlaceholderBitmask(SkipNumber(format + 1)));
+}
+#endif  // ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF
+
+}  // namespace substitute_internal
+
+//
+// PUBLIC API
+//
+
+// SubstituteAndAppend()
+//
+// Substitutes variables into a given format std::string and appends to a given
+// output std::string. See file comments above for usage.
+//
+// The declarations of `SubstituteAndAppend()` below consist of overloads
+// for passing 0 to 10 arguments, respectively.
+//
+// NOTE: A zero-argument `SubstituteAndAppend()` may be used within variadic
+// templates to allow a variable number of arguments.
+//
+// Example:
+//  template <typename... Args>
+//  void VarMsg(std::string* boilerplate, absl::string_view format,
+//      const Args&... args) {
+//    absl::SubstituteAndAppend(boilerplate, format, args...);
+//  }
+//
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format) {
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, nullptr, 0);
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a1) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a2) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a3) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(),
+                                    a3.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a4) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(),
+                                    a3.piece(), a4.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a5) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(),
+                                    a3.piece(), a4.piece(), a5.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a5,
+                                const substitute_internal::Arg& a6) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(),
+                                    a3.piece(), a4.piece(), a5.piece(),
+                                    a6.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a0, const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a2, const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a4, const substitute_internal::Arg& a5,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a6, const substitute_internal::Arg& a7) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(),
+                                    a3.piece(), a4.piece(), a5.piece(),
+                                    a6.piece(), a7.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a0, const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a2, const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a4, const substitute_internal::Arg& a5,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a6, const substitute_internal::Arg& a7,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a8) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(),
+                                    a3.piece(), a4.piece(), a5.piece(),
+                                    a6.piece(), a7.piece(), a8.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+inline void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, absl::string_view format,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a0, const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a2, const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a4, const substitute_internal::Arg& a5,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a6, const substitute_internal::Arg& a7,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a8, const substitute_internal::Arg& a9) {
+  const absl::string_view args[] = {
+      a0.piece(), a1.piece(), a2.piece(), a3.piece(), a4.piece(),
+      a5.piece(), a6.piece(), a7.piece(), a8.piece(), a9.piece()};
+  substitute_internal::SubstituteAndAppendArray(output, format, args,
+                                                ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(args));
+}
+
+#if defined(ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF)
+// This body of functions catches cases where the number of placeholders
+// doesn't match the number of data arguments.
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 0,
+                     "There were no substitution arguments "
+                     "but this format std::string has a $[0-9] in it");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a0)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 1,
+                     "There was 1 substitution argument given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0, or "
+                     "contains one of $1-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a1)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 3,
+                     "There were 2 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0/$1, or "
+                     "contains one of $2-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a2)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 7,
+                     "There were 3 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0/$1/$2, or "
+                     "contains one of $3-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a3)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 15,
+                     "There were 4 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$3, or "
+                     "contains one of $4-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a4)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 31,
+                     "There were 5 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$4, or "
+                     "contains one of $5-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(std::string* output, const char* format,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+                         const substitute_internal::Arg& a5)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 63,
+                     "There were 6 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$5, or "
+                     "contains one of $6-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 127,
+                     "There were 7 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$6, or "
+                     "contains one of $7-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 255,
+                     "There were 8 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$7, or "
+                     "contains one of $8-$9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7, const substitute_internal::Arg& a8)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(
+        substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 511,
+        "There were 9 substitution arguments given, but "
+        "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$8, or contains a $9");
+
+void SubstituteAndAppend(
+    std::string* output, const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7, const substitute_internal::Arg& a8,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a9)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 1023,
+                     "There were 10 substitution arguments given, but this "
+                     "format std::string doesn't contain all of $0 through $9");
+#endif  // ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF
+
+// Substitute()
+//
+// Substitutes variables into a given format std::string. See file comments above
+// for usage.
+//
+// The declarations of `Substitute()` below consist of overloads for passing 0
+// to 10 arguments, respectively.
+//
+// NOTE: A zero-argument `Substitute()` may be used within variadic templates to
+// allow a variable number of arguments.
+//
+// Example:
+//  template <typename... Args>
+//  void VarMsg(absl::string_view format, const Args&... args) {
+//    std::string s = absl::Substitute(format, args...);
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(absl::string_view format) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7, const substitute_internal::Arg& a8) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8);
+  return result;
+}
+
+ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT inline std::string Substitute(
+    absl::string_view format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7, const substitute_internal::Arg& a8,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a9) {
+  std::string result;
+  SubstituteAndAppend(&result, format, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9);
+  return result;
+}
+
+#if defined(ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF)
+// This body of functions catches cases where the number of placeholders
+// doesn't match the number of data arguments.
+std::string Substitute(const char* format)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 0,
+                     "There were no substitution arguments "
+                     "but this format std::string has a $[0-9] in it");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 1,
+                     "There was 1 substitution argument given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0, or "
+                     "contains one of $1-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 3,
+                     "There were 2 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0/$1, or "
+                     "contains one of $2-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a2)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 7,
+                     "There were 3 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0/$1/$2, or "
+                     "contains one of $3-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a3)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 15,
+                     "There were 4 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$3, or "
+                     "contains one of $4-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a4)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 31,
+                     "There were 5 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$4, or "
+                     "contains one of $5-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a5)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 63,
+                     "There were 6 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$5, or "
+                     "contains one of $6-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a5,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a6)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 127,
+                     "There were 7 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$6, or "
+                     "contains one of $7-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a1,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a3,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a5,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+                  const substitute_internal::Arg& a7)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 255,
+                     "There were 8 substitution arguments given, but "
+                     "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$7, or "
+                     "contains one of $8-$9");
+
+std::string Substitute(
+    const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7, const substitute_internal::Arg& a8)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(
+        substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 511,
+        "There were 9 substitution arguments given, but "
+        "this format std::string is either missing its $0-$8, or contains a $9");
+
+std::string Substitute(
+    const char* format, const substitute_internal::Arg& a0,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a1, const substitute_internal::Arg& a2,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a3, const substitute_internal::Arg& a4,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a5, const substitute_internal::Arg& a6,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a7, const substitute_internal::Arg& a8,
+    const substitute_internal::Arg& a9)
+    ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF(substitute_internal::PlaceholderBitmask(format) != 1023,
+                     "There were 10 substitution arguments given, but this "
+                     "format std::string doesn't contain all of $0 through $9");
+#endif  // ABSL_BAD_CALL_IF
+
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_SUBSTITUTE_H_
diff --git a/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute_test.cc b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6d7d7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Firestore/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/substitute_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/strings/substitute.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+TEST(SubstituteTest, Substitute) {
+  // Basic.
+  EXPECT_EQ("Hello, world!", absl::Substitute("$0, $1!", "Hello", "world"));
+
+  // Non-char* types.
+  EXPECT_EQ("123 0.2 0.1 foo true false x",
+            absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6", 123, 0.2, 0.1f,
+                             std::string("foo"), true, false, 'x'));
+
+  // All int types.
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      "-32767 65535 "
+      "-1234567890 3234567890 "
+      "-1234567890 3234567890 "
+      "-1234567890123456789 9234567890123456789",
+      absl::Substitute(
+          "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7",
+          static_cast<short>(-32767),          // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+          static_cast<unsigned short>(65535),  // NOLINT(runtime/int)
+          -1234567890, 3234567890U, -1234567890L, 3234567890UL,
+          -int64_t{1234567890123456789}, uint64_t{9234567890123456789u}));
+
+  // Pointer.
+  const int* int_p = reinterpret_cast<const int*>(0x12345);
+  std::string str = absl::Substitute("$0", int_p);
+  EXPECT_EQ(absl::StrCat("0x", absl::Hex(reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(int_p))),
+            str);
+
+  // null is special. StrCat prints 0x0. Substitute prints NULL.
+  const uint64_t* null_p = nullptr;
+  str = absl::Substitute("$0", null_p);
+  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", str);
+
+  // char* is also special.
+  const char* char_p = "print me";
+  str = absl::Substitute("$0", char_p);
+  EXPECT_EQ("print me", str);
+
+  char char_buf[16];
+  strncpy(char_buf, "print me too", sizeof(char_buf));
+  str = absl::Substitute("$0", char_buf);
+  EXPECT_EQ("print me too", str);
+
+  // null char* is "doubly" special. Represented as the empty std::string.
+  char_p = nullptr;
+  str = absl::Substitute("$0", char_p);
+  EXPECT_EQ("", str);
+
+  // Out-of-order.
+  EXPECT_EQ("b, a, c, b", absl::Substitute("$1, $0, $2, $1", "a", "b", "c"));
+
+  // Literal $
+  EXPECT_EQ("$", absl::Substitute("$$"));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ("$1", absl::Substitute("$$1"));
+
+  // Test all overloads.
+  EXPECT_EQ("a", absl::Substitute("$0", "a"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b", absl::Substitute("$0 $1", "a", "b"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c", absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2", "a", "b", "c"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d", absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3", "a", "b", "c", "d"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e",
+            absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f", absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5", "a", "b", "c",
+                                            "d", "e", "f"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g", absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6", "a", "b",
+                                              "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h",
+            absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e",
+                             "f", "g", "h"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h i",
+            absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8", "a", "b", "c", "d",
+                             "e", "f", "g", "h", "i"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h i j",
+            absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9", "a", "b", "c",
+                             "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j"));
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h i j b0",
+            absl::Substitute("$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9 $10", "a", "b", "c",
+                             "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j"));
+
+  const char* null_cstring = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ("Text: ''", absl::Substitute("Text: '$0'", null_cstring));
+}
+
+TEST(SubstituteTest, SubstituteAndAppend) {
+  std::string str = "Hello";
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, ", $0!", "world");
+  EXPECT_EQ("Hello, world!", str);
+
+  // Test all overloads.
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0", "a");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1", "a", "b");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2", "a", "b", "c");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3", "a", "b", "c", "d");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e",
+                            "f");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6", "a", "b", "c", "d",
+                            "e", "f", "g");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7", "a", "b", "c", "d",
+                            "e", "f", "g", "h");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8", "a", "b", "c",
+                            "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h i", str);
+  str.clear();
+  absl::SubstituteAndAppend(&str, "$0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9", "a", "b",
+                            "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j");
+  EXPECT_EQ("a b c d e f g h i j", str);
+}
+
+#ifdef GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
+
+TEST(SubstituteDeathTest, SubstituteDeath) {
+  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(
+      static_cast<void>(absl::Substitute(absl::string_view("-$2"), "a", "b")),
+      "Invalid strings::Substitute\\(\\) format std::string: asked for \"\\$2\", "
+      "but only 2 args were given.");
+  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(
+      static_cast<void>(absl::Substitute("-$z-")),
+      "Invalid strings::Substitute\\(\\) format std::string: \"-\\$z-\"");
+  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(
+      static_cast<void>(absl::Substitute("-$")),
+      "Invalid strings::Substitute\\(\\) format std::string: \"-\\$\"");
+}
+
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
+
+}  // namespace
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