INSTALLATION PROCEDURES FOR THE COQ V8.4 SYSTEM ----------------------------------------------- WHAT DO YOU NEED ? ================== Coq is designed to work on computers equipped with a POSIX (Unix or a clone) operating system. It also works under Microsoft Windows (see INSTALL.win); for a precompiled MacOS X package, see INSTALL.macosx. Coq is known to be actively used under GNU/Linux (i386, amd64 and ppc) and FreeBSD. Automated tests are run under many, many different architectures under GNU/Linux. Naturally, Coq will run faster on an architecture where OCaml can compile to native code, rather than only bytecode. At time of writing, that is IA32, PowerPC, AMD64, Alpha, Sparc, Mips, IA64, HPPA and StrongArm. See http://caml.inria.fr/ocaml/portability.en.html for details. Your OS may already contain Coq under the form of a precompiled package or ready-to-compile port. In this case, and if the supplied version suits you, follow the usual procedure for your OS to install it. E.g.: - Debian GNU/Linux (or Debian GNU/k*BSD or ...): aptitude install coq - Gentoo GNU/Linux: emerge sci-mathematics/coq - Mandriva GNU/Linux: urpmi coq Should you need or prefer to compile Coq V8.4 yourself, you need: - Objective Caml version 3.11.2 or later (available at http://caml.inria.fr/) - Camlp5 (version <= 4.08, or 5.* transitional) - GNU Make version 3.81 or later ( available at http://www.gnu.org/software/make/, but also a standard or optional add-on part to most Unices and Unix clones, sometimes under the name "gmake". If a new enough version is not included in your system, nor easily available as an add-on, this should get you a working make: #Download it (wget is an example, use your favourite FTP or HTTP client) wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/make/make-3.81.tar.bz2 bzip2 -cd make-3.81.tar.bz2 | tar x #If you don't have bzip2, you can download the gzipped version instead. cd make-3.81 ./configure --prefix=${HOME} make install Then, make sure that ${HOME}/bin is first in your $PATH. ) - a C compiler - for Coqide, the Lablgtk development files, and the GTK libraries, see INSTALL.ide for more details By FTP, Coq comes as a single compressed tar-file. You have probably already decompressed it if you are reading this document. QUICK INSTALLATION PROCEDURE. ============================= 1. ./configure 2. make world 3. make install (you may need superuser rights) 4. make clean INSTALLATION PROCEDURE IN DETAILS (NORMAL USERS). ================================================= 1- Check that you have the Objective Caml compiler version 3.11.2 (or later) installed on your computer and that "ocamlmktop" and "ocamlc" (or its native code version "ocamlc.opt") lie in a directory which is present in your $PATH environment variable. To get Coq in native-code, (it runs 4 to 10 times faster than bytecode, but it takes more time to get compiled and the binary is bigger), you will also need the "ocamlopt" (or its native code version "ocamlopt.opt") command. 2- Check that you have Camlp4 installed on your computer and that the command "camlp4" lies in a directory which is present in your $PATH environment variable path. (You need Camlp4 in both bytecode and native versions if your platform supports it). Note: in the latest ocaml distributions, camlp4 comes with ocaml so you do not have to check this point anymore. 3- The uncompression and un-tarring of the distribution file gave birth to a directory named "coq-8.xx". You can rename this directory and put it wherever you want. Just keep in mind that you will need some spare space during the compilation (reckon on about 50 Mb of disk space for the whole system in native-code compilation). Once installed, the binaries take about 14 Mb, and the library about 9 Mb. 4- First you need to configure the system. It is done automatically with the command: ./configure The "configure" script will ask you for directories where to put the Coq binaries, standard library, man pages, etc. It will propose you some default values. For a list of options accepted by the "configure" script, run "./configure -help". The main options accepted are: -prefix Binaries, library, man pages and Emacs mode will be respectively installed in /bin, /lib/coq, /man and /lib/emacs/site-lisp -bindir (default: /usr/local/bin) Directory where the binaries will be installed -libdir (default: /usr/local/lib/coq) Directory where the Coq standard library will be installed -mandir (default: /usr/local/man) Directory where the Coq manual pages will be installed -emacslib (default: /usr/local/lib/emacs/site-lisp) Directory where the Coq Emacs mode will be installed -arch (default is the result of the command "arch") An arbitrary architecture name for your machine (useful when compiling Coq on two different architectures for which the result of "arch" is the same, e.g. Sun OS and Solaris) -local Compile Coq to run in its source directory. The installation (step 6) is not necessary in that case. -opt Use the ocamlc.opt compiler instead of ocamlc (and ocamlopt.opt compiler instead of ocamlopt). Makes compilation faster (recommended). -browser Use to open an URL in a browser. %s must appear in , and will be replaced by the URL. 5- Still in the root directory, do make world to compile Coq in Objective Caml bytecode (and native-code if supported). This will compile the entire system. This phase can take more or less time, depending on your architecture and is fairly verbose. 6- You can now install the Coq system. Executables, libraries, manual pages and emacs mode are copied in some standard places of your system, defined at configuration time (step 3). Just do umask 022 make install Of course, you may need superuser rights to do that. To use the Coq emacs mode you also need to put the following lines in you .emacs file: (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.v$" . coq-mode) auto-mode-alist)) (autoload 'coq-mode "coq" "Major mode for editing Coq vernacular." t) 7- You can now clean all the sources. (You can even erase them.) make clean INSTALLATION PROCEDURE FOR ADVANCED USERS. ========================================== If you wish to write tactics (and that really means that you belong to advanced users!) you *must* keep the Coq sources, without cleaning them. Therefore, to avoid a duplication of binaries and library, it is not necessary to do the installation step (6- above). You just have to tell it at configuration step (4- above) with the option -local : ./configure -local Then compile the sources as described in step 5 above. The resulting binaries will reside in the subdirectory bin/. If you want to compile the sources for debugging (i.e. with the option -g of the Caml compiler) then add the -debug option at configuration step : ./configure -debug and then compile the sources (step 5). Then you must make a Coq toplevel including your own tactics, which must be compiled with -g, with coqmktop. See the chapter 16 of the Coq Reference Manual for details about how to use coqmktop and the Objective Caml debugger with Coq. THE AVAILABLE COMMANDS. ======================= There are two Coq commands: coqtop The Coq toplevel coqc The Coq compiler There are actually two binaries for the interactive system, coqtop.byte and coqtop.opt (respectively bytecode and native code versions of Coq). coqtop is a link to the fastest version, i.e. coqtop.opt if any, and coqtop.byte otherwise. coqc also invokes the fastest version of Coq. Options -opt and -byte to coqtop and coqc selects a particular binary. * `coqtop' launches Coq in the interactive mode. The default state (see the "-inputstate" option) is `initial.coq', which contains some basic logical definitions, the associated parsing and printing rules, and the following tactic modules: Equality, Tauto, Inv, EAuto and Refine. * `coqc' allows compilation of Coq files directly from the command line. To compile a file foo.v, do: coqc foo.v It will produce a file foo.vo, that you can now load through the Coq command "Require". A detailed description of these commands and of their options is given in the Reference Manual (which you can get by FTP, in the doc/ directory, or read online on http://coq.inria.fr/doc/) and in the corresponding manual pages. There is also a tutorial and a FAQ; see http://coq.inria.fr/doc1-eng.html COMMON PROBLEMS. ================ * On some sites, when running `./configure', `pwd' returned a path which is not valid from another machine (it may look like "/tmp_mnt/foo/...") and, as a consequence, you won't be able to run coqtop or coqc. The solution is to give the correct value, with ./configure -src * The `make install' procedure uses mkdirhier, a program that may not be present on certain systems. To fix that, try to replace mkdirhier with mkdir -p * See also section on dynamically loaded libraries. COMPILING FOR DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURES. ====================================== This section explains how to compile Coq for several architecture, sharing the same sources. The important fact is that some files are architecture dependent (.cmx, .o and executable files for instance) but others are not (.cmo and .vo). Consequently, you can : o save some time during compilation by not cleaning the architecture independent files; o save some space during installation by sharing the Coq standard library (which is fully architecture independent). So, in order to compile Coq for a new architecture, proceed as follows: * Omit step 7 above and clean only the architecture dependent files: it is done automatically with the command make archclean * Configure the system for the new architecture: ./configure You can specify the same directory for the standard library but you MUST specify a different directory for the binaries (of course). * Compile and install the system as described in steps 5 and 6 above. MOVING BINARIES OR LIBRARY. =========================== If you move the binaries or the library, Coq will be "lost". Running "coqtop" would then return an error message of the kind: Error during initialization : Error: Can't find file initial.coq on loadpath If you really have (or want) to move the binaries or the library, then you have to indicate their new places to Coq, using the options -bindir (for the binaries directory) and -libdir (for the standard library directory) : coqtop -bindir -libdir See also next section. DYNAMICALLY LOADED LIBRARIES FOR BYTECODE EXECUTABLES. ====================================================== Some bytecode executables of Coq use the OCaml runtime, which dynamically loads a shared library (.so or .dll). When it is not installed properly, you can get an error message of this kind: Fatal error: cannot load shared library dllcoqrun Reason: dllcoqrun.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory In this case, you need either: - to set the CAML_LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to point to the directory where dllcoqrun.so is; this is suitable when you want to run the command a limited number of times in a controlled environment (e.g. during compilation of binary packages); - install dllcoqrun.so in a location listed in the file ld.conf that is in the directory of the standard library of OCaml; - recompile your bytecode executables after reconfiguring the location of of the shared library: ./configure -coqrunbyteflags "-dllib -lcoqrun -dllpath " ... where is the directory where the dllcoqrun.so is installed; - (not recommended) compile bytecode executables with a custom OCaml runtime by using: ./configure -custom ... be aware that stripping executables generated this way, or performing other executable-specific operations, will make them useless.