diff options
author | Samuel Mimram <samuel.mimram@ens-lyon.org> | 2004-07-28 21:54:47 +0000 |
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committer | Samuel Mimram <samuel.mimram@ens-lyon.org> | 2004-07-28 21:54:47 +0000 |
commit | 6b649aba925b6f7462da07599fe67ebb12a3460e (patch) | |
tree | 43656bcaa51164548f3fa14e5b10de5ef1088574 /theories7/Reals/Cos_plus.v |
Imported Upstream version 8.0pl1upstream/8.0pl1
Diffstat (limited to 'theories7/Reals/Cos_plus.v')
-rw-r--r-- | theories7/Reals/Cos_plus.v | 1017 |
1 files changed, 1017 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/theories7/Reals/Cos_plus.v b/theories7/Reals/Cos_plus.v new file mode 100644 index 00000000..481e51bf --- /dev/null +++ b/theories7/Reals/Cos_plus.v @@ -0,0 +1,1017 @@ +(************************************************************************) +(* v * The Coq Proof Assistant / The Coq Development Team *) +(* <O___,, * CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique-INRIA Futurs-Universite Paris Sud *) +(* \VV/ **************************************************************) +(* // * This file is distributed under the terms of the *) +(* * GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 *) +(************************************************************************) + +(*i $Id: Cos_plus.v,v 1.1.2.1 2004/07/16 19:31:31 herbelin Exp $ i*) + +Require Rbase. +Require Rfunctions. +Require SeqSeries. +Require Rtrigo_def. +Require Cos_rel. +Require Max. +V7only [Import nat_scope.]. Open Local Scope nat_scope. +V7only [Import R_scope.]. Open Local Scope R_scope. + +Definition Majxy [x,y:R] : nat->R := [n:nat](Rdiv (pow (Rmax R1 (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y))) (mult (4) (S n))) (INR (fact n))). + +Lemma Majxy_cv_R0 : (x,y:R) (Un_cv (Majxy x y) R0). +Intros. +Pose C := (Rmax R1 (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y))). +Pose C0 := (pow C (4)). +Cut ``0<C``. +Intro. +Cut ``0<C0``. +Intro. +Assert H1 := (cv_speed_pow_fact C0). +Unfold Un_cv in H1; Unfold R_dist in H1. +Unfold Un_cv; Unfold R_dist; Intros. +Cut ``0<eps/C0``; [Intro | Unfold Rdiv; Apply Rmult_lt_pos; [Assumption | Apply Rlt_Rinv; Assumption]]. +Elim (H1 ``eps/C0`` H3); Intros N0 H4. +Exists N0; Intros. +Replace (Majxy x y n) with ``(pow C0 (S n))/(INR (fact n))``. +Simpl. +Apply Rlt_monotony_contra with ``(Rabsolu (/C0))``. +Apply Rabsolu_pos_lt. +Apply Rinv_neq_R0. +Red; Intro; Rewrite H6 in H0; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ? H0). +Rewrite <- Rabsolu_mult. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Rmult_Rplus_distr. +Rewrite Ropp_O; Rewrite Rmult_Or. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right ``/C0``). +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym eps). +Replace ``(pow C0 n)*/(INR (fact n))+0`` with ``(pow C0 n)*/(INR (fact n))-0``; [Idtac | Ring]. +Unfold Rdiv in H4; Apply H4; Assumption. +Apply Rle_sym1; Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Assumption. +Red; Intro; Rewrite H6 in H0; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ? H0). +Unfold Majxy. +Unfold C0. +Rewrite pow_mult. +Unfold C; Reflexivity. +Unfold C0; Apply pow_lt; Assumption. +Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C. +Apply RmaxLess1. +Qed. + +Lemma reste1_maj : (x,y:R;N:nat) (lt O N) -> ``(Rabsolu (Reste1 x y N))<=(Majxy x y (pred N))``. +Intros. +Pose C := (Rmax R1 (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y))). +Unfold Reste1. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (Rabsolu (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l k)))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k)))))* + (pow x (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l))))* + (pow y (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)))`` (pred (minus N k)))) + (pred N)). +Apply (sum_Rabsolu [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l k)))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k)))))* + (pow x (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l))))* + (pow y (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)))`` (pred (minus N k))) (pred N)). +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + (Rabsolu (``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l k)))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k)))))* + (pow x (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l))))* + (pow y (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)))``)) (pred (minus N k))) + (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle. +Intros. +Apply (sum_Rabsolu [l:nat] + ``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l n)))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l n)))))* + (pow x (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l n))))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l))))* + (pow y (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)))`` (pred (minus N n))). +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 [k:nat](sum_f_R0 [l:nat]``/(INR (mult (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k)))) (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)))))*(pow C (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus N k))))`` (pred (minus N k))) (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite Rabsolu_mult. +Do 2 Rewrite pow_1_abs. +Do 2 Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right ``/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n)))))``). +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right ``/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0))))``). +Rewrite mult_INR. +Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0))))``). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Do 2 Rewrite <- Pow_Rabsolu. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(pow (Rabsolu x) (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))))*(pow C (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)))``. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le; Apply Rabsolu_pos. +Apply pow_incr. +Split. +Apply Rabsolu_pos. +Unfold C. +Apply Rle_trans with (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y)); Apply RmaxLess2. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(pow C (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))))*(pow C (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)))``. +Do 2 Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)))``). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Apply Rle_trans with R1. +Left; Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Apply pow_incr. +Split. +Apply Rabsolu_pos. +Unfold C; Apply Rle_trans with (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y)). +Apply RmaxLess1. +Apply RmaxLess2. +Right. +Replace (mult (2) (S (plus N n))) with (plus (mult (2) (minus N n0)) (mult (2) (S (plus n0 n)))). +Rewrite pow_add. +Apply Rmult_sym. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite plus_INR; Do 3 Rewrite mult_INR. +Rewrite minus_INR. +Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Do 2 Rewrite plus_INR; Ring. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Exact H1. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply Rle_sym1; Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_sym1; Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``/(INR + (mult (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k)))) + (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)))))* + (pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))`` (pred (minus N k))) + (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv. +Rewrite mult_INR; Apply Rmult_lt_pos; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_pow. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Replace (mult (4) N) with (mult (2) (mult (2) N)); [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply mult_le. +Replace (mult (2) N) with (S (plus N (pred N))). +Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_reg_l; Assumption. +Rewrite pred_of_minus. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Rewrite mult_INR; Rewrite minus_INR. +Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Ring. +Apply lt_le_S; Assumption. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))*(Rsqr (/(INR (fact (S (plus N k))))))`` (pred (minus N k))) + (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))``). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Left; Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Replace ``/(INR + (mult (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n)))) + (fact (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)))))`` with ``(Binomial.C (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus N n))) (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))))/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus N n)))))``. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(Binomial.C (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus N n))) (S (plus N n)))/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus N n)))))``. +Unfold Rdiv; Do 2 Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus N n)))))``). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply C_maj. +Apply mult_le. +Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_reg_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Assumption. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Right. +Unfold Rdiv; Rewrite Rmult_sym. +Unfold Binomial.C. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Replace (minus (mult (2) (S (plus N n))) (S (plus N n))) with (S (plus N n)). +Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Unfold Rsqr; Reflexivity. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite minus_INR. +Rewrite mult_INR; Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Ring. +Apply le_n_2n. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Unfold Rdiv; Rewrite Rmult_sym. +Unfold Binomial.C. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Replace (minus (mult (2) (S (plus N n))) (mult (2) (S (plus n0 n)))) with (mult (2) (minus N n0)). +Rewrite mult_INR. +Reflexivity. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite minus_INR. +Do 3 Rewrite mult_INR; Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Do 2 Rewrite plus_INR; Rewrite minus_INR. +Ring. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Assumption. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply mult_le. +Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_reg_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Assumption. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 [k:nat]``(INR N)/(INR (fact (S N)))*(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))`` (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Rewrite <- (scal_sum [_:nat]``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))`` (pred (minus N n)) ``(Rsqr (/(INR (fact (S (plus N n))))))``). +Rewrite sum_cte. +Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Do 2 Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))``). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Left; Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(Rsqr (/(INR (fact (S (plus N n))))))*(INR N)``. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pos_Rsqr. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_INR. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Rewrite Rmult_sym; Unfold Rdiv; Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pos_INR. +Apply Rle_trans with ``/(INR (fact (S (plus N n))))``. +Pattern 2 ``/(INR (fact (S (plus N n))))``; Rewrite <- Rmult_1r. +Unfold Rsqr. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with ``(INR (fact (S (plus N n))))``. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Replace R1 with (INR (S O)). +Apply le_INR. +Apply lt_le_S. +Apply INR_lt; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Reflexivity. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with ``(INR (fact (S (plus N n))))``. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with ``(INR (fact (S N)))``. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Rewrite (Rmult_sym (INR (fact (S N)))). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Apply le_INR. +Apply fact_growing. +Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_plus_l. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Rewrite sum_cte. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))/(INR (fact (pred N)))``. +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) N))``). +Unfold Rdiv; Rewrite Rmult_assoc; Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Left; Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Cut (S (pred N)) = N. +Intro; Rewrite H0. +Pattern 2 N; Rewrite <- H0. +Do 2 Rewrite fact_simpl. +Rewrite H0. +Repeat Rewrite mult_INR. +Repeat Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Rewrite (Rmult_sym ``/(INR (S N))``). +Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Pattern 2 ``/(INR (fact (pred N)))``; Rewrite <- Rmult_1r. +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with (INR (S N)). +Apply lt_INR_0; Apply lt_O_Sn. +Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc; Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r; Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Apply le_INR; Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate. +Apply not_O_INR. +Red; Intro; Rewrite H1 in H; Elim (lt_n_n ? H). +Apply not_O_INR. +Red; Intro; Rewrite H1 in H; Elim (lt_n_n ? H). +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate. +Apply prod_neq_R0. +Apply not_O_INR. +Red; Intro; Rewrite H1 in H; Elim (lt_n_n ? H). +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Symmetry; Apply S_pred with O; Assumption. +Right. +Unfold Majxy. +Unfold C. +Replace (S (pred N)) with N. +Reflexivity. +Apply S_pred with O; Assumption. +Qed. + +Lemma reste2_maj : (x,y:R;N:nat) (lt O N) -> ``(Rabsolu (Reste2 x y N))<=(Majxy x y N)``. +Intros. +Pose C := (Rmax R1 (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y))). +Unfold Reste2. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (Rabsolu (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l k)))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O))))* + (pow x (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O)))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O))))* + (pow y (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O)))`` (pred (minus N k)))) + (pred N)). +Apply (sum_Rabsolu [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l k)))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O))))* + (pow x (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O)))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O))))* + (pow y (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O)))`` (pred (minus N k))) (pred N)). +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + (Rabsolu (``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l k)))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O))))* + (pow x (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O)))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O))))* + (pow y (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O)))``)) (pred (minus N k))) + (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle. +Intros. +Apply (sum_Rabsolu [l:nat] + ``(pow ( -1) (S (plus l n)))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l n))) (S O))))* + (pow x (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l n))) (S O)))* + (pow ( -1) (minus N l))/ + (INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O))))* + (pow y (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O)))`` (pred (minus N n))). +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 [k:nat](sum_f_R0 [l:nat]``/(INR (mult (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O))) (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O)))))*(pow C (mult (S (S O)) (S (S (plus N k)))))`` (pred (minus N k))) (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite Rabsolu_mult. +Do 2 Rewrite pow_1_abs. +Do 2 Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right ``/(INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O))))``). +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right ``/(INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)) (S O))))``). +Rewrite mult_INR. +Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``/(INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)) (S O))))``). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Do 2 Rewrite <- Pow_Rabsolu. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(pow (Rabsolu x) (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O)))*(pow C (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)) (S O)))``. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le; Apply Rabsolu_pos. +Apply pow_incr. +Split. +Apply Rabsolu_pos. +Unfold C. +Apply Rle_trans with (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y)); Apply RmaxLess2. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(pow C (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O)))*(pow C (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)) (S O)))``. +Do 2 Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)) (S O)))``). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Apply Rle_trans with R1. +Left; Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Apply pow_incr. +Split. +Apply Rabsolu_pos. +Unfold C; Apply Rle_trans with (Rmax (Rabsolu x) (Rabsolu y)). +Apply RmaxLess1. +Apply RmaxLess2. +Right. +Replace (mult (2) (S (S (plus N n)))) with (plus (plus (mult (2) (minus N n0)) (S O)) (plus (mult (2) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O))). +Repeat Rewrite pow_add. +Ring. +Apply INR_eq; Repeat Rewrite plus_INR; Do 3 Rewrite mult_INR. +Rewrite minus_INR. +Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Do 2 Rewrite plus_INR; Ring. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Exact H1. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply Rle_sym1; Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_sym1; Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``/(INR + (mult (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus l k))) (S O))) + (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N l)) (S O)))))* + (pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))`` (pred (minus N k))) + (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv. +Rewrite mult_INR; Apply Rmult_lt_pos; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_pow. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Replace (mult (4) (S N)) with (mult (2) (mult (2) (S N))); [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply mult_le. +Replace (mult (2) (S N)) with (S (S (plus N N))). +Repeat Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_reg_l. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply INR_eq; Do 2Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Rewrite mult_INR. +Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Ring. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 + [k:nat] + (sum_f_R0 + [l:nat] + ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))*(Rsqr (/(INR (fact (S (S (plus N k)))))))`` (pred (minus N k))) + (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))``). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Left; Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Replace ``/(INR + (mult (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O))) + (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) (minus N n0)) (S O)))))`` with ``(Binomial.C (mult (S (S O)) (S (S (plus N n)))) (plus (mult (S (S O)) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O)))/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (S (plus N n))))))``. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(Binomial.C (mult (S (S O)) (S (S (plus N n)))) (S (S (plus N n))))/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (S (plus N n))))))``. +Unfold Rdiv; Do 2 Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) (S (S (plus N n))))))``). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply C_maj. +Apply le_trans with (mult (2) (S (S (plus n0 n)))). +Replace (mult (2) (S (S (plus n0 n)))) with (S (plus (mult (2) (S (plus n0 n))) (1))). +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Do 2 Rewrite mult_INR; Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Ring. +Apply mult_le. +Repeat Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_reg_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Assumption. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Right. +Unfold Rdiv; Rewrite Rmult_sym. +Unfold Binomial.C. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Replace (minus (mult (2) (S (S (plus N n)))) (S (S (plus N n)))) with (S (S (plus N n))). +Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Unfold Rsqr; Reflexivity. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_eq; Do 2 Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite minus_INR. +Rewrite mult_INR; Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Ring. +Apply le_n_2n. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Unfold Rdiv; Rewrite Rmult_sym. +Unfold Binomial.C. +Unfold Rdiv; Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Replace (minus (mult (2) (S (S (plus N n)))) (plus (mult (2) (S (plus n0 n))) (S O))) with (plus (mult (2) (minus N n0)) (S O)). +Rewrite mult_INR. +Reflexivity. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite minus_INR. +Do 2 Rewrite plus_INR; Do 3 Rewrite mult_INR; Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Do 2 Rewrite plus_INR; Rewrite minus_INR. +Ring. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Assumption. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_trans with (mult (2) (S (S (plus n0 n)))). +Replace (mult (2) (S (S (plus n0 n)))) with (S (plus (mult (2) (S (plus n0 n))) (1))). +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply INR_eq; Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Do 2 Rewrite mult_INR; Repeat Rewrite S_INR; Rewrite plus_INR; Ring. +Apply mult_le. +Repeat Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_reg_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred (minus N n)). +Assumption. +Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_trans with N. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply Rle_trans with (sum_f_R0 [k:nat]``(INR N)/(INR (fact (S (S N))))*(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))`` (pred N)). +Apply sum_Rle; Intros. +Rewrite <- (scal_sum [_:nat]``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))`` (pred (minus N n)) ``(Rsqr (/(INR (fact (S (S (plus N n)))))))``). +Rewrite sum_cte. +Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Do 2 Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))``). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Left; Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(Rsqr (/(INR (fact (S (S (plus N n)))))))*(INR N)``. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pos_Rsqr. +Replace (S (pred (minus N n))) with (minus N n). +Apply le_INR. +Apply simpl_le_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Apply le_plus_r. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply simpl_lt_plus_l with n. +Rewrite <- le_plus_minus. +Replace (plus n O) with n; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply le_lt_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply lt_pred_n_n; Assumption. +Apply le_trans with (pred N). +Assumption. +Apply le_pred_n. +Rewrite Rmult_sym; Unfold Rdiv; Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pos_INR. +Apply Rle_trans with ``/(INR (fact (S (S (plus N n)))))``. +Pattern 2 ``/(INR (fact (S (S (plus N n)))))``; Rewrite <- Rmult_1r. +Unfold Rsqr. +Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with ``(INR (fact (S (S (plus N n)))))``. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Replace R1 with (INR (S O)). +Apply le_INR. +Apply lt_le_S. +Apply INR_lt; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Reflexivity. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with ``(INR (fact (S (S (plus N n)))))``. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Apply Rle_monotony_contra with ``(INR (fact (S (S N))))``. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Rewrite (Rmult_sym (INR (fact (S (S N))))). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Apply le_INR. +Apply fact_growing. +Repeat Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_plus_l. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Rewrite sum_cte. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))/(INR (fact N))``. +Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``(pow C (mult (S (S (S (S O)))) (S N)))``). +Unfold Rdiv; Rewrite Rmult_assoc; Apply Rle_monotony. +Apply pow_le. +Left; Apply Rlt_le_trans with R1. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Unfold C; Apply RmaxLess1. +Cut (S (pred N)) = N. +Intro; Rewrite H0. +Do 2 Rewrite fact_simpl. +Repeat Rewrite mult_INR. +Repeat Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Apply Rle_trans with ``(INR (S (S N)))*(/(INR (S (S N)))*(/(INR (S N))*/(INR (fact N))))* + (INR N)``. +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite (Rmult_sym (INR N)). +Rewrite (Rmult_sym (INR (S (S N)))). +Apply Rle_monotony. +Repeat Apply Rmult_le_pos. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply lt_INR_0; Apply lt_O_Sn. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply lt_INR_0; Apply lt_O_Sn. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv. +Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply pos_INR. +Apply le_INR. +Apply le_trans with (S N); Apply le_n_Sn. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1l. +Apply Rle_trans with ``/(INR (S N))*/(INR (fact N))*(INR (S N))``. +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Repeat Apply Rle_monotony. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply lt_INR_0; Apply lt_O_Sn. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Apply le_INR; Apply le_n_Sn. +Rewrite (Rmult_sym ``/(INR (S N))``). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r; Right; Reflexivity. +Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate. +Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate. +Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate. +Apply INR_fact_neq_0. +Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate. +Apply prod_neq_R0; [Apply not_O_INR; Discriminate | Apply INR_fact_neq_0]. +Symmetry; Apply S_pred with O; Assumption. +Right. +Unfold Majxy. +Unfold C. +Reflexivity. +Qed. + +Lemma reste1_cv_R0 : (x,y:R) (Un_cv (Reste1 x y) R0). +Intros. +Assert H := (Majxy_cv_R0 x y). +Unfold Un_cv in H; Unfold R_dist in H. +Unfold Un_cv; Unfold R_dist; Intros. +Elim (H eps H0); Intros N0 H1. +Exists (S N0); Intros. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Ropp_O; Rewrite Rplus_Or. +Apply Rle_lt_trans with (Rabsolu (Majxy x y (pred n))). +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right (Majxy x y (pred n))). +Apply reste1_maj. +Apply lt_le_trans with (S N0). +Apply lt_O_Sn. +Assumption. +Apply Rle_sym1. +Unfold Majxy. +Unfold Rdiv; Apply Rmult_le_pos. +Apply pow_le. +Apply Rle_trans with R1. +Left; Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Apply RmaxLess1. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Replace (Majxy x y (pred n)) with ``(Majxy x y (pred n))-0``; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply H1. +Unfold ge; Apply le_S_n. +Replace (S (pred n)) with n. +Assumption. +Apply S_pred with O. +Apply lt_le_trans with (S N0); [Apply lt_O_Sn | Assumption]. +Qed. + +Lemma reste2_cv_R0 : (x,y:R) (Un_cv (Reste2 x y) R0). +Intros. +Assert H := (Majxy_cv_R0 x y). +Unfold Un_cv in H; Unfold R_dist in H. +Unfold Un_cv; Unfold R_dist; Intros. +Elim (H eps H0); Intros N0 H1. +Exists (S N0); Intros. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Ropp_O; Rewrite Rplus_Or. +Apply Rle_lt_trans with (Rabsolu (Majxy x y n)). +Rewrite (Rabsolu_right (Majxy x y n)). +Apply reste2_maj. +Apply lt_le_trans with (S N0). +Apply lt_O_Sn. +Assumption. +Apply Rle_sym1. +Unfold Majxy. +Unfold Rdiv; Apply Rmult_le_pos. +Apply pow_le. +Apply Rle_trans with R1. +Left; Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Apply RmaxLess1. +Left; Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply INR_fact_lt_0. +Replace (Majxy x y n) with ``(Majxy x y n)-0``; [Idtac | Ring]. +Apply H1. +Unfold ge; Apply le_trans with (S N0). +Apply le_n_Sn. +Exact H2. +Qed. + +Lemma reste_cv_R0 : (x,y:R) (Un_cv (Reste x y) R0). +Intros. +Unfold Reste. +Pose An := [n:nat](Reste2 x y n). +Pose Bn := [n:nat](Reste1 x y (S n)). +Cut (Un_cv [n:nat]``(An n)-(Bn n)`` ``0-0``) -> (Un_cv [N:nat]``(Reste2 x y N)-(Reste1 x y (S N))`` ``0``). +Intro. +Apply H. +Apply CV_minus. +Unfold An. +Replace [n:nat](Reste2 x y n) with (Reste2 x y). +Apply reste2_cv_R0. +Reflexivity. +Unfold Bn. +Assert H0 := (reste1_cv_R0 x y). +Unfold Un_cv in H0; Unfold R_dist in H0. +Unfold Un_cv; Unfold R_dist; Intros. +Elim (H0 eps H1); Intros N0 H2. +Exists N0; Intros. +Apply H2. +Unfold ge; Apply le_trans with (S N0). +Apply le_n_Sn. +Apply le_n_S; Assumption. +Unfold An Bn. +Intro. +Replace R0 with ``0-0``; [Idtac | Ring]. +Exact H. +Qed. + +Theorem cos_plus : (x,y:R) ``(cos (x+y))==(cos x)*(cos y)-(sin x)*(sin y)``. +Intros. +Cut (Un_cv (C1 x y) ``(cos x)*(cos y)-(sin x)*(sin y)``). +Cut (Un_cv (C1 x y) ``(cos (x+y))``). +Intros. +Apply UL_sequence with (C1 x y); Assumption. +Apply C1_cvg. +Unfold Un_cv; Unfold R_dist. +Intros. +Assert H0 := (A1_cvg x). +Assert H1 := (A1_cvg y). +Assert H2 := (B1_cvg x). +Assert H3 := (B1_cvg y). +Assert H4 := (CV_mult ? ? ? ? H0 H1). +Assert H5 := (CV_mult ? ? ? ? H2 H3). +Assert H6 := (reste_cv_R0 x y). +Unfold Un_cv in H4; Unfold Un_cv in H5; Unfold Un_cv in H6. +Unfold R_dist in H4; Unfold R_dist in H5; Unfold R_dist in H6. +Cut ``0<eps/3``; [Intro | Unfold Rdiv; Apply Rmult_lt_pos; [Assumption | Apply Rlt_Rinv; Sup0]]. +Elim (H4 ``eps/3`` H7); Intros N1 H8. +Elim (H5 ``eps/3`` H7); Intros N2 H9. +Elim (H6 ``eps/3`` H7); Intros N3 H10. +Pose N := (S (S (max (max N1 N2) N3))). +Exists N. +Intros. +Cut n = (S (pred n)). +Intro; Rewrite H12. +Rewrite <- cos_plus_form. +Rewrite <- H12. +Apply Rle_lt_trans with ``(Rabsolu ((A1 x n)*(A1 y n)-(cos x)*(cos y)))+(Rabsolu ((sin x)*(sin y)-(B1 x (pred n))*(B1 y (pred n))+(Reste x y (pred n))))``. +Replace ``(A1 x n)*(A1 y n)-(B1 x (pred n))*(B1 y (pred n))+ + (Reste x y (pred n))-((cos x)*(cos y)-(sin x)*(sin y))`` with ``((A1 x n)*(A1 y n)-(cos x)*(cos y))+((sin x)*(sin y)-(B1 x (pred n))*(B1 y (pred n))+(Reste x y (pred n)))``; [Apply Rabsolu_triang | Ring]. +Replace ``eps`` with ``eps/3+(eps/3+eps/3)``. +Apply Rplus_lt. +Apply H8. +Unfold ge; Apply le_trans with N. +Unfold N. +Apply le_trans with (max N1 N2). +Apply le_max_l. +Apply le_trans with (max (max N1 N2) N3). +Apply le_max_l. +Apply le_trans with (S (max (max N1 N2) N3)); Apply le_n_Sn. +Assumption. +Apply Rle_lt_trans with ``(Rabsolu ((sin x)*(sin y)-(B1 x (pred n))*(B1 y (pred n))))+(Rabsolu (Reste x y (pred n)))``. +Apply Rabsolu_triang. +Apply Rplus_lt. +Rewrite <- Rabsolu_Ropp. +Rewrite Ropp_distr2. +Apply H9. +Unfold ge; Apply le_trans with (max N1 N2). +Apply le_max_r. +Apply le_S_n. +Rewrite <- H12. +Apply le_trans with N. +Unfold N. +Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_trans with (max (max N1 N2) N3). +Apply le_max_l. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Assumption. +Replace (Reste x y (pred n)) with ``(Reste x y (pred n))-0``. +Apply H10. +Unfold ge. +Apply le_S_n. +Rewrite <- H12. +Apply le_trans with N. +Unfold N. +Apply le_n_S. +Apply le_trans with (max (max N1 N2) N3). +Apply le_max_r. +Apply le_n_Sn. +Assumption. +Ring. +Pattern 4 eps; Replace eps with ``3*eps/3``. +Ring. +Unfold Rdiv. +Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc. +Apply Rinv_r_simpl_m. +DiscrR. +Apply lt_le_trans with (pred N). +Unfold N; Simpl; Apply lt_O_Sn. +Apply le_S_n. +Rewrite <- H12. +Replace (S (pred N)) with N. +Assumption. +Unfold N; Simpl; Reflexivity. +Cut (lt O N). +Intro. +Cut (lt O n). +Intro. +Apply S_pred with O; Assumption. +Apply lt_le_trans with N; Assumption. +Unfold N; Apply lt_O_Sn. +Qed. |