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-rw-r--r--absl/FAQ.md144
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/BUILD.bazel1
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/config.h8
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/flag.cc7
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/flag.h15
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/flag_test.cc13
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/internal/commandlineflag.h19
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/internal/flag.cc45
-rw-r--r--absl/flags/internal/flag.h48
9 files changed, 229 insertions, 71 deletions
diff --git a/absl/FAQ.md b/absl/FAQ.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..af721307
--- /dev/null
+++ b/absl/FAQ.md
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+# Abseil FAQ
+
+## Is Abseil the right home for my utility library?
+
+Most often the answer to the question is "no." As both the [About
+Abseil](https://abseil.io/about/) page and our [contributing
+guidelines](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#contribution-guidelines)
+explain, Abseil contains a variety of core C++ library code that is widely used
+at [Google](https://www.google.com/). As such, Abseil's primary purpose is to be
+used as a dependency by Google's open source C++ projects. While we do hope that
+Abseil is also useful to the C++ community at large, this added constraint also
+means that we are unlikely to accept a contribution of utility code that isn't
+already widely used by Google.
+
+## How to I set the C++ dialect used to build Abseil?
+
+The short answer is that whatever mechanism you choose, you need to make sure
+that you set this option consistently at the global level for your entire
+project. If, for example, you want to set the C++ dialect to C++17, with
+[Bazel](https://bazel/build/) as the build system and `gcc` or `clang` as the
+compiler, there several ways to do this:
+* Pass `--cxxopt=-std=c++17` on the command line (for example, `bazel build
+ --cxxopt=-std=c++17 ...`)
+* Set the environment variable `BAZEL_CXXOPTS` (for example,
+ `BAZEL_CXXOPTS=-std=c++17`)
+* Add `build --cxxopt=-std=c++17` to your [`.bazelrc`
+ file](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/guide.html#bazelrc)
+
+If you are using CMake as the build system, you'll need to add a line like
+`set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)` to your top level `CMakeLists.txt` file. See the
+[CMake build
+instructions](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/blob/master/CMake/README.md)
+for more information.
+
+For a longer answer to this question and to understand why some other approaches
+don't work, see the answer to "What is ABI and why don't you recommend using a
+pre-compiled version of Abseil?"
+
+## What is ABI and why don't you recommend using a pre-compiled version of Abseil?
+
+For the purposes of this discussion, you can think of
+[ABI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_binary_interface) as the
+compiled representation of the interfaces in code. This is in contrast to
+[API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface), which
+you can think of as the interfaces as defined by the code itself. [Abseil has a
+strong promise of API compatibility, but does not make any promise of ABI
+compatibility](https://abseil.io/about/compatibility). Let's take a look at what
+this means in practice.
+
+You might be tempted to do something like this in a
+[Bazel](https://bazel.build/) `BUILD` file:
+
+```
+# DON'T DO THIS!!!
+cc_library(
+ name = "my_library",
+ srcs = ["my_library.cc"],
+ copts = ["-std=c++17"], # May create a mixed-mode compile!
+ deps = ["@com_google_absl//absl/strings"],
+)
+```
+
+Applying `-std=c++17` to an individual target in your `BUILD` file is going to
+compile that specific target in C++17 mode, but it isn't going to ensure the
+Abseil library is built in C++17 mode, since the Abseil library itself is a
+different build target. If your code includes an Abseil header, then your
+program may contain conflicting definitions of the same
+class/function/variable/enum, etc. As a rule, all compile options that affect
+the ABI of a program need to be applied to the entire build on a global basis.
+
+C++ has something called the [One Definition
+Rule](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Definition_Rule) (ODR). C++ doesn't
+allow multiple definitions of the same class/function/variable/enum, etc. ODR
+violations sometimes result in linker errors, but linkers do not always catch
+violations. Uncaught ODR violations can result in strange runtime behaviors or
+crashes that can be hard to debug.
+
+If you build the Abseil library and your code using different compile options
+that affect ABI, there is a good chance you will run afoul of the One Definition
+Rule. Examples of GCC compile options that affect ABI include (but aren't
+limited to) language dialect (e.g. `-std=`), optimization level (e.g. `-O2`),
+code generation flags (e.g. `-fexceptions`), and preprocessor defines
+(e.g. `-DNDEBUG`).
+
+If you use a pre-compiled version of Abseil, (for example, from your Linux
+distribution package manager or from something like
+[vcpkg](https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg)) you have to be very careful to
+ensure ABI compatibility across the components of your program. The only way you
+can be sure your program is going to be correct regarding ABI is to ensure
+you've used the exact same compile options as were used to build the
+pre-compiled library. This does not mean that Abseil cannot work as part of a
+Linux distribution since a knowledgeable binary packager will have ensured that
+all packages have been built with consistent compile options. This is one of the
+reasons we warn against - though do not outright reject - using Abseil as a
+pre-compiled library.
+
+Another possible way that you might afoul of ABI issues is if you accidentally
+include two versions of Abseil in your program. Multiple versions of Abseil can
+end up within the same binary if your program uses the Abseil library and
+another library also transitively depends on Abseil (resulting in what is
+sometimes called the diamond dependency problem). In cases such as this you must
+structure your build so that all libraries use the same version of Abseil.
+[Abseil's strong promise of API compatibility between
+releases](https://abseil.io/about/compatibility) means the latest "HEAD" release
+of Abseil is almost certainly the right choice if you are doing as we recommend
+and building all of your code from source.
+
+For these reasons we recommend you avoid pre-compiled code and build the Abseil
+library yourself in a consistent manner with the rest of your code.
+
+## What is "live at head" and how do I do it?
+
+From Abseil's point-of-view, "live at head" means that every Abseil source
+release (which happens on an almost daily basis) is either API compatible with
+the previous release, or comes with an automated tool that you can run over code
+to make it compatible. In practice, the need to use an automated tool is
+extremely rare. This means that upgrading from one source release to another
+should be a routine practice that can and should be performed often.
+
+We recommend you update to the latest release of Abseil as often as
+possible. Not only will you pick up bug fixes more quickly, but if you have good
+automated testing, you will catch and be able to fix any [Hyrum's
+Law](https://www.hyrumslaw.com/) dependency problems on an incremental basis
+instead of being overwhelmed by them and having difficulty isolating them if you
+wait longer between updates.
+
+If you are using the [Bazel](https://bazel.build/) build system and its
+[external dependencies](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/external.html)
+feature, updating the
+[`http_archive`](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/repo/http.html#http_archive)
+rule in your
+[`WORKSPACE`](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/be/workspace.html) for
+`com_google_abseil` to point to the latest release is all you need to do. You
+can commit the updated `WORKSPACE` file to your source control every time you
+update, and if you have good automated testing, you might even consider
+automating this.
+
+One thing we don't recommend is using GitHub's `master.zip` files (for example
+[https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/archive/master.zip](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/archive/master.zip)),
+which are always the latest commit in the `master` branch, to implement live at
+head. Since these `master.zip` URLs are not versioned, you will lose build
+reproducibility. In addition, some build systems, including Bazel, will simply
+cache this file, which means you won't actually be updating to the latest
+release until your cache is cleared or invalidated.
diff --git a/absl/flags/BUILD.bazel b/absl/flags/BUILD.bazel
index 03833d44..d2ca5c6f 100644
--- a/absl/flags/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/absl/flags/BUILD.bazel
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ cc_library(
"//absl/flags:__pkg__",
],
deps = [
+ ":config",
":marshalling",
"//absl/base:config",
"//absl/base:core_headers",
diff --git a/absl/flags/config.h b/absl/flags/config.h
index fbe34961..001f8fea 100644
--- a/absl/flags/config.h
+++ b/absl/flags/config.h
@@ -56,4 +56,12 @@
#define ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_ATOMIC_DOUBLE_WORD 1
#endif
+// ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI macro is used for selecting if we can use RTTI
+// for flag type identification.
+#ifdef ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI
+#error ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI cannot be directly set
+#elif !defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GXX_RTTI)
+#define ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI 1
+#endif // !defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GXX_RTTI)
+
#endif // ABSL_FLAGS_CONFIG_H_
diff --git a/absl/flags/flag.cc b/absl/flags/flag.cc
index e67f7304..f7a457bf 100644
--- a/absl/flags/flag.cc
+++ b/absl/flags/flag.cc
@@ -22,13 +22,6 @@
namespace absl {
ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-#define ABSL_FLAGS_GET(T) \
- T GetFlag(const absl::Flag<T>& flag) { return flag.Get(); }
-ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_BUILTIN_TYPES(ABSL_FLAGS_GET)
-#undef ABSL_FLAGS_GET
-#endif
-
// This global mutex protects on-demand construction of flag objects in MSVC
// builds.
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__clang__)
diff --git a/absl/flags/flag.h b/absl/flags/flag.h
index 782dee2e..274838cb 100644
--- a/absl/flags/flag.h
+++ b/absl/flags/flag.h
@@ -191,21 +191,6 @@ ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT T GetFlag(const absl::Flag<T>& flag) {
return flag.Get();
}
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-// We want to validate the type mismatch between type definition and
-// declaration. The lock-free implementation does not allow us to do it,
-// so in debug builds we always use the slower implementation, which always
-// validates the type.
-
-// We currently need an external linkage for built-in types because shared
-// libraries have different addresses of flags_internal::FlagOps<T> which
-// might cause log spam when checking the same flag type.
-#define ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_BUILT_IN_EXPORT(T) \
- ABSL_MUST_USE_RESULT T GetFlag(const absl::Flag<T>& flag);
-ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_BUILTIN_TYPES(ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_BUILT_IN_EXPORT)
-#undef ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_BUILT_IN_EXPORT
-#endif
-
// SetFlag()
//
// Sets the value of an `absl::Flag` to the value `v`. Do not construct an
diff --git a/absl/flags/flag_test.cc b/absl/flags/flag_test.cc
index 6722329c..6429a3e1 100644
--- a/absl/flags/flag_test.cc
+++ b/absl/flags/flag_test.cc
@@ -387,19 +387,20 @@ TEST_F(FlagTest, TestCustomUDT) {
// MSVC produces link error on the type mismatch.
// Linux does not have build errors and validations work as expected.
-#if 0 // !defined(_WIN32) && GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
-TEST(Flagtest, TestTypeMismatchValidations) {
- // For builtin types, GetFlag() only does validation in debug mode.
+using FlagDeathTest = FlagTest;
+
+TEST_F(FlagDeathTest, TestTypeMismatchValidations) {
EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(
- absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_mistyped_int_flag),
+ static_cast<void>(absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_mistyped_int_flag)),
"Flag 'mistyped_int_flag' is defined as one type and declared "
"as another");
- EXPECT_DEATH(absl::SetFlag(&FLAGS_mistyped_int_flag, 0),
+ EXPECT_DEATH(absl::SetFlag(&FLAGS_mistyped_int_flag, 1),
"Flag 'mistyped_int_flag' is defined as one type and declared "
"as another");
- EXPECT_DEATH(absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_mistyped_string_flag),
+ EXPECT_DEATH(static_cast<void>(absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_mistyped_string_flag)),
"Flag 'mistyped_string_flag' is defined as one type and "
"declared as another");
EXPECT_DEATH(
diff --git a/absl/flags/internal/commandlineflag.h b/absl/flags/internal/commandlineflag.h
index 4bc0c12f..6a0b5fad 100644
--- a/absl/flags/internal/commandlineflag.h
+++ b/absl/flags/internal/commandlineflag.h
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@
#include <memory>
#include <string>
+#include <typeinfo>
#include "absl/base/config.h"
#include "absl/base/macros.h"
+#include "absl/flags/config.h"
#include "absl/flags/marshalling.h"
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
#include "absl/types/optional.h"
@@ -41,7 +43,10 @@ enum FlagOp {
kCopyConstruct,
kSizeof,
kParse,
- kUnparse
+ kUnparse,
+#if defined(ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI)
+ kRuntimeTypeId
+#endif
};
using FlagOpFn = void* (*)(FlagOp, const void*, void*);
using FlagMarshallingOpFn = void* (*)(FlagOp, const void*, void*, void*);
@@ -84,6 +89,11 @@ void* FlagOps(FlagOp op, const void* v1, void* v2) {
return nullptr;
case kSizeof:
return reinterpret_cast<void*>(sizeof(T));
+#if defined(ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI)
+ case kRuntimeTypeId:
+ return const_cast<std::type_info*>(&typeid(T));
+ break;
+#endif
default:
return nullptr;
}
@@ -146,6 +156,13 @@ inline size_t Sizeof(FlagOpFn op) {
op(flags_internal::kSizeof, nullptr, nullptr)));
}
+#if defined(ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI)
+inline const std::type_info& RuntimeTypeId(FlagOpFn op) {
+ return *static_cast<const std::type_info*>(
+ op(flags_internal::kRuntimeTypeId, nullptr, nullptr));
+}
+#endif
+
// Handle to FlagState objects. Specific flag state objects will restore state
// of a flag produced this flag state from method CommandLineFlag::SaveState().
class FlagStateInterface {
diff --git a/absl/flags/internal/flag.cc b/absl/flags/internal/flag.cc
index 6ce7def2..cfc0cf4d 100644
--- a/absl/flags/internal/flag.cc
+++ b/absl/flags/internal/flag.cc
@@ -56,6 +56,14 @@ bool ShouldValidateFlagValue(FlagOpFn flag_type_id) {
return true;
}
+#if defined(ABSL_FLAGS_INTERNAL_HAS_RTTI)
+bool MatchRuntimeTypeId(FlagOpFn lhs_type_id, FlagOpFn rhs_type_id) {
+ return RuntimeTypeId(lhs_type_id) == RuntimeTypeId(rhs_type_id);
+}
+#else
+bool MatchRuntimeTypeId(FlagOpFn, FlagOpFn) { return true; }
+#endif
+
// RAII helper used to temporarily unlock and relock `absl::Mutex`.
// This is used when we need to ensure that locks are released while
// invoking user supplied callbacks and then reacquired, since callbacks may
@@ -133,6 +141,18 @@ void FlagImpl::Destroy() {
is_data_guard_inited_ = false;
}
+void FlagImpl::AssertValidType(const flags_internal::FlagOpFn op) const {
+ // `op` is the unmarshaling operation corresponding to the declaration
+ // visibile at the call site. `op_` is the Flag's defined unmarshalling
+ // operation. They must match for this operation to be well-defined.
+ if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(op != op_) && !MatchRuntimeTypeId(op, op_)) {
+ ABSL_INTERNAL_LOG(
+ FATAL,
+ absl::StrCat("Flag '", Name(),
+ "' is defined as one type and declared as another"));
+ }
+}
+
std::unique_ptr<void, DynValueDeleter> FlagImpl::MakeInitValue() const {
void* res = nullptr;
if (DefaultKind() == FlagDefaultKind::kDynamicValue) {
@@ -219,7 +239,7 @@ bool FlagImpl::RestoreState(const void* value, bool modified,
if (counter_ == counter) return false;
}
- Write(value, op_);
+ Write(value);
{
absl::MutexLock l(DataGuard());
@@ -254,18 +274,9 @@ bool FlagImpl::TryParse(void** dst, absl::string_view value,
return true;
}
-void FlagImpl::Read(void* dst, const flags_internal::FlagOpFn dst_op) const {
+void FlagImpl::Read(void* dst) const {
absl::ReaderMutexLock l(DataGuard());
- // `dst_op` is the unmarshaling operation corresponding to the declaration
- // visibile at the call site. `op` is the Flag's defined unmarshalling
- // operation. They must match for this operation to be well-defined.
- if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(dst_op != op_)) {
- ABSL_INTERNAL_LOG(
- ERROR,
- absl::StrCat("Flag '", Name(),
- "' is defined as one type and declared as another"));
- }
CopyConstruct(op_, value_.dynamic, dst);
}
@@ -286,19 +297,9 @@ void FlagImpl::StoreAtomic() {
#endif
}
-void FlagImpl::Write(const void* src, const flags_internal::FlagOpFn src_op) {
+void FlagImpl::Write(const void* src) {
absl::MutexLock l(DataGuard());
- // `src_op` is the marshalling operation corresponding to the declaration
- // visible at the call site. `op` is the Flag's defined marshalling operation.
- // They must match for this operation to be well-defined.
- if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(src_op != op_)) {
- ABSL_INTERNAL_LOG(
- ERROR,
- absl::StrCat("Flag '", Name(),
- "' is defined as one type and declared as another"));
- }
-
if (ShouldValidateFlagValue(op_)) {
void* obj = Clone(op_, src);
std::string ignored_error;
diff --git a/absl/flags/internal/flag.h b/absl/flags/internal/flag.h
index b5471fa8..c6c4a2f7 100644
--- a/absl/flags/internal/flag.h
+++ b/absl/flags/internal/flag.h
@@ -301,41 +301,44 @@ class FlagImpl {
bool IsSpecifiedOnCommandLine() const ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
std::string DefaultValue() const ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
std::string CurrentValue() const ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
- void Read(void* dst, const FlagOpFn dst_op) const
- ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
+ void Read(void* dst) const ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
// Attempts to parse supplied `value` std::string. If parsing is successful, then
// it replaces `dst` with the new value.
bool TryParse(void** dst, absl::string_view value, std::string* err) const
ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(*DataGuard());
-#ifndef NDEBUG
- template <typename T>
- void Get(T* dst) const {
- Read(dst, &FlagOps<T>);
- }
-#else
template <typename T, typename std::enable_if<
!IsAtomicFlagTypeTrait<T>::value, int>::type = 0>
void Get(T* dst) const {
- Read(dst, &FlagOps<T>);
+ AssertValidType(&flags_internal::FlagOps<T>);
+ Read(dst);
}
// Overload for `GetFlag()` for types that support lock-free reads.
template <typename T, typename std::enable_if<IsAtomicFlagTypeTrait<T>::value,
int>::type = 0>
void Get(T* dst) const {
- using U = BestAtomicType<T>;
- const typename U::type r = value_.atomics.template load<T>();
+ // For flags of types which can be accessed "atomically" we want to avoid
+ // slowing down flag value access due to type validation. That's why
+ // this validation is hidden behind !NDEBUG
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+ AssertValidType(&flags_internal::FlagOps<T>);
+#endif
+ using U = flags_internal::BestAtomicType<T>;
+ typename U::type r = value_.atomics.template load<T>();
if (r != U::AtomicInit()) {
std::memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dst), &r, sizeof(T));
} else {
- Read(dst, &FlagOps<T>);
+ Read(dst);
}
}
-#endif
+ template <typename T>
+ void Set(const T& src) {
+ AssertValidType(&flags_internal::FlagOps<T>);
+ Write(&src);
+ }
// Mutating access methods
- void Write(const void* src, const FlagOpFn src_op)
- ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
+ void Write(const void* src) ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
bool SetFromString(absl::string_view value, FlagSettingMode set_mode,
ValueSource source, std::string* err)
ABSL_LOCKS_EXCLUDED(*DataGuard());
@@ -383,6 +386,13 @@ class FlagImpl {
ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(*DataGuard()) {
return static_cast<FlagDefaultKind>(def_kind_);
}
+ // Used in read/write operations to validate source/target has correct type.
+ // For example if flag is declared as absl::Flag<int> FLAGS_foo, a call to
+ // absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_foo) validates that the type of FLAGS_foo is indeed
+ // int. To do that we pass the "assumed" type id (which is deduced from type
+ // int) as an argument `op`, which is in turn is validated against the type id
+ // stored in flag object by flag definition statement.
+ void AssertValidType(const flags_internal::FlagOpFn op) const;
// Immutable flag's state.
@@ -461,9 +471,7 @@ class Flag final : public flags_internal::CommandLineFlag {
impl_.Get(&u.value);
return std::move(u.value);
}
-
- void Set(const T& v) { impl_.Write(&v, &FlagOps<T>); }
-
+ void Set(const T& v) { impl_.Set(v); }
void SetCallback(const FlagCallbackFunc mutation_callback) {
impl_.SetCallback(mutation_callback);
}
@@ -509,10 +517,10 @@ class Flag final : public flags_internal::CommandLineFlag {
void Destroy() override { impl_.Destroy(); }
- void Read(void* dst) const override { impl_.Read(dst, &FlagOps<T>); }
+ void Read(void* dst) const override { impl_.Read(dst); }
FlagOpFn TypeId() const override { return &FlagOps<T>; }
- // Flag's implementation with value type abstracted out.
+ // Flag's data
FlagImpl impl_;
};