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| author |  desmettr <desmettr@85f007b7-540e-0410-9357-904b9bb8a0f7> | 2001-11-30 17:18:37 +0000 |
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| committer | desmettr <desmettr@85f007b7-540e-0410-9357-904b9bb8a0f7> | 2001-11-30 17:18:37 +0000 |
| commit | 2bb842d48b7b8e15723a0536751d351f4387799d (patch) | |
| tree | 190f93b8adef94b6f3b7641aa385629ebee2bffd /theories/Reals | |
| parent | c24dd839b1e05b25dc4ca5583be94aed01de2447 (diff) | |
*** empty log message ***
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://scm.gforge.inria.fr/svn/coq/trunk@2259 85f007b7-540e-0410-9357-904b9bb8a0f7
Diffstat (limited to 'theories/Reals')
| -rw-r--r-- | theories/Reals/Reals.v | 1 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | theories/Reals/Rtrigo.v | 887 |
2 files changed, 888 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/theories/Reals/Reals.v b/theories/Reals/Reals.v index 15b4fb2db..d6d1ab952 100644 --- a/theories/Reals/Reals.v +++ b/theories/Reals/Reals.v @@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ Require Export R_sqr. Require Export Rsigma. Require Export Rlimit. Require Export Rfunctions. +Require Export Rtrigo. Require Export Rderiv. Require Export Rseries. Require Export Rtrigo_fun. diff --git a/theories/Reals/Rtrigo.v b/theories/Reals/Rtrigo.v new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5875ede76 --- /dev/null +++ b/theories/Reals/Rtrigo.v @@ -0,0 +1,887 @@ +Require ZArith. +Require Classical_Prop. +Require DiscrR. +Require Rbase. +Require R_sqr. +Require Rfunctions. +Require Rsigma. + +(**********) +Parameter PI : R. + +Definition PI_lb : R := ``314/100``. +Definition PI_ub : R := ``315/100``. +Axiom PI_approx : ``PI_lb <= PI <= PI_ub``. + +Lemma PI_neq0 : ~``PI==0``. +Red; Intro H1; Generalize PI_approx; Intro H2; Elim H2; Intros H3 H4; Rewrite H1 in H3; Unfold PI_lb in H3; Cut ~(O=(314)); [Intro; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (314) (neq_O_lt (314) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H5; Cut ~(O=(100)); [Intro; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (100) (neq_O_lt (100) H0)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H6; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv ``100`` H6); Intro H7; Generalize (regle_signe ``314`` (Rinv ``100``) H5 H7); Intro H8; Generalize (Rle_lt_trans ``314/100`` R0 ``314/100`` H3 H8); Intro H9; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``314/100`` H9) | Discriminate] | Discriminate]. +Save. + +(******************************************************************) +(* Axiomatic definitions of cos and sin *) +(******************************************************************) + +Parameter sin : R->R. +Parameter cos : R->R. + +Axiom sin2_cos2 : (x:R) ``(Rsqr (sin x)) + (Rsqr (cos x))==1``. + +Axiom sin_plus : (x,y:R) ``(sin (x+y))==(sin x)*(cos y)+(cos x)*(sin y)``. + +Axiom sin_minus : (x,y:R) ``(sin (x-y))==(sin x)*(cos y)-(cos x)*(sin y)``. + +Axiom cos_plus : (x,y:R) ``(cos (x+y))==(cos x)*(cos y)-(sin x)*(sin y)``. + +Axiom cos_minus : (x,y:R) ``(cos (x-y))==(cos x)*(cos y)+(sin x)*(sin y)``. + +Axiom cos_0 : ``(cos 0)==1``. + +Axiom sin_PI2 : ``(sin (PI/2))==1``. + +(**********) +Definition tan [x:R] : R := ``(sin x)/(cos x)``. + +Lemma tan_plus : (x,y:R) ~``(cos x)==0`` -> ~``(cos y)==0`` -> ~``(cos (x+y))==0`` -> ~``1-(tan x)*(tan y)==0`` -> ``(tan (x+y))==((tan x)+(tan y))/(1-(tan x)*(tan y))``. +Intros; Unfold tan; Rewrite sin_plus; Rewrite cos_plus; Unfold Rdiv; Replace ``((cos x)*(cos y)-(sin x)*(sin y))`` with ``((cos x)*(cos y))*(1-(sin x)*/(cos x)*((sin y)*/(cos y)))``. +Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc; Replace ``((sin x)*(cos y)+(cos x)*(sin y))*/((cos x)*(cos y))`` with ``((sin x)*/(cos x)+(sin y)*/(cos y))``. +Reflexivity. +Rewrite Rmult_Rplus_distrl; Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Field. +Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Assumption. +Assumption. +Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Unfold tan in H2; Assumption. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Rmult_Rplus_distr; Rewrite Rmult_1r; Field; Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Save. + +Lemma tan_minus : (x,y:R) ~``(cos x)==0`` -> ~``(cos y)==0`` -> ~``(cos (x-y))==0`` -> ~``1+(tan x)*(tan y)==0`` -> ``(tan (x-y))==((tan x)-(tan y))/(1+(tan x)*(tan y))``. +Intros; Unfold tan; Rewrite sin_minus; Rewrite cos_minus; Unfold Rdiv; Replace ``((cos x)*(cos y)+(sin x)*(sin y))`` with ``((cos x)*(cos y))*(1+(sin x)*/(cos x)*((sin y)*/(cos y)))``. +Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rmult_assoc; Replace ``((sin x)*(cos y)-(cos x)*(sin y))*/((cos x)*(cos y))`` with ``((sin x)*/(cos x)-(sin y)*/(cos y))``. +Reflexivity. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Rmult_Rplus_distrl; Rewrite Rinv_Rmult. +Field. +Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Assumption. +Assumption. +Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Unfold tan in H2; Assumption. +Rewrite Rmult_Rplus_distr; Rewrite Rmult_1r; Field; Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Save. + +(*******************************************************) +(* Some properties of cos, sin and tan *) +(*******************************************************) + +Lemma cos2 : (x:R) ``(Rsqr (cos x))==1-(Rsqr (sin x))``. +Intro x; Generalize (sin2_cos2 x); Intro H1; Rewrite <- H1; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma sin2 : (x:R) ``(Rsqr (sin x))==1-(Rsqr (cos x))``. +Intro x; Generalize (cos2 x); Intro H1; Rewrite -> H1; Ring. +Save. + +Axiom arc_sin_cos : (x,y,z:R) ``0<=x`` -> ``0<=y`` -> ``0<=z`` -> ``(Rsqr x)+(Rsqr y)==(Rsqr z)`` -> (EXT t : R | (x==(Rmult z (cos t))) /\ (y==(Rmult z (sin t)))). + +Lemma pythagorean : (x,y,z:R) ``(Rsqr x)+(Rsqr y)==(Rsqr z)`` -> ``0<=x`` -> ``0<=y`` -> ``0<=z`` -> (EXT t : R | z==(Rplus (Rmult x (cos t)) (Rmult y (sin t)))). +Intros x y z H1 H2 H3 H4; Generalize (arc_sin_cos x y z H2 H3 H4); Intro H5; Elim H5; [ Intros x0 H6; Elim H6; Intros H7 H8; Exists x0; Rewrite H7; Rewrite H8; Replace ``z*(cos x0)*(cos x0)+z*(sin x0)*(sin x0)`` with ``z*((Rsqr (sin x0))+(Rsqr (cos x0)))``; [ Rewrite sin2_cos2; Ring | Unfold Rsqr; Ring] | Assumption]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_2a : (x:R) ``(sin (2*x))==2*(sin x)*(cos x)``. +Intro x; Replace ``2*x`` with ``x+x``; [Rewrite sin_plus; Ring | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_2a : (x:R) ``(cos (2*x))==(cos x)*(cos x)-(sin x)*(sin x)``. +Intro x; Replace ``2*x`` with ``x+x``; [Apply cos_plus | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_2a_cos : (x:R) ``(cos (2*x))==2*(cos x)*(cos x)-1``. +Intro x; Replace ``2*x`` with ``x+x``; [Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Rmult_assoc; Rewrite cos_plus; Generalize (sin2_cos2 x); Replace ``2*((cos x)*(cos x))`` with ``((cos x)*(cos x))+((cos x)*(cos x))``; [Intro H1; Rewrite <- H1; Unfold Rsqr; Ring | Ring] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_2a_sin : (x:R) ``(cos (2*x))==1-2*(sin x)*(sin x)``. +Intro x; Rewrite Rmult_assoc; Unfold Rminus; Replace ``2*x`` with ``x+x``; [Replace ``(2*((sin x)*(sin x)))`` with ``(sin x)*(sin x)+(sin x)*(sin x)``; [Generalize (sin2_cos2 x); Intro H1; Rewrite <- H1; Unfold Rsqr; Rewrite cos_plus; Ring | Ring] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_2a : (x:R) ~``(cos x)==0`` -> ~``(cos (2*x))==0`` -> ~``1-(tan x)*(tan x)==0`` ->``(tan (2*x))==(2*(tan x))/(1-(tan x)*(tan x))``. +Intros; Cut ``2*x==x+x``; [Intro; Rewrite H2; Rewrite H2 in H0; Replace ``2*(tan x)`` with ``(tan x)+(tan x)``; [Apply tan_plus; Assumption | Ring] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_0 : ``(sin 0)==0``. +Apply Rsqr_eq_0; Rewrite sin2; Rewrite cos_0; Unfold Rsqr; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma sin_neg : (x:R) ``(sin (-x))==-(sin x)``. +Intro x; Replace ``-x`` with ``0-x``; Ring; Replace `` -(sin x)`` with ``(sin 0)*(cos x)-(cos 0)*(sin x)``; [ Apply sin_minus |Rewrite -> sin_0; Rewrite -> cos_0; Ring ]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_neg : (x:R) ``(cos (-x))==(cos x)``. +Intro x; Replace ``(-x)`` with ``(0-x)``; Ring; Replace ``(cos x)`` with ``(cos 0)*(cos x)+(sin 0)*(sin x)``; [ Apply cos_minus | Rewrite -> cos_0; Rewrite -> sin_0; Ring ]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_0 : ``(tan 0)==0``. +Unfold tan; Rewrite -> sin_0; Rewrite -> cos_0; Field; DiscrR. +Save. + +Lemma tan_neg : (x:R) ~``(cos x)==0``->``(tan (-x))==-(tan x)``. +Intros x H1; Replace ``(-x)`` with ``(0-x)``. +Ring ; Replace ``-(tan x)`` with ``((tan 0)-(tan x))/(1+(tan 0)*(tan x))``. +Apply tan_minus. +Rewrite cos_0; DiscrR. +Assumption. +Replace ``(0-x)`` with ``(-x)``; [Rewrite -> cos_neg; Assumption | Ring ]. +Rewrite tan_0; Rewrite without_div_Oi1. +Rewrite Rplus_Or; DiscrR. +Reflexivity. +Rewrite tan_0; Rewrite without_div_Oi1. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Rplus_Or; Rewrite Rplus_Ol. +Field. +Assumption. +DiscrR. +Reflexivity. +Unfold Rminus; Apply Rplus_Ol. +Save. + +Lemma cos_PI2 : ``(cos (PI/2))==0``. +Apply Rsqr_eq_0; Replace ``(Rsqr (cos (PI/2)))`` with ``1-(Rsqr (sin (PI/2)))``; [Unfold Rsqr; Rewrite sin_PI2; Ring | Symmetry; Apply cos2]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI : ``(sin PI)==0``. +Replace ``PI`` with ``2*(PI/2)``; [Rewrite -> sin_2a; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_PI : ``(cos PI)==(-1)``. +Replace ``PI`` with ``2*(PI/2)``; [Rewrite -> cos_2a; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_PI : ``(tan PI)==0``. +Unfold tan; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI; Field; DiscrR. +Save. + +Lemma sin_3PI2 : ``(sin (3*(PI/2)))==(-1)``. +Replace ``3*(PI/2)`` with ``PI+(PI/2)``; [Rewrite -> sin_plus; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Ring | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_3PI2 : ``(cos (3*(PI/2)))==0``. +Replace ``3*(PI/2)`` with ``PI+(PI/2)``; [Rewrite -> cos_plus; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_2PI : ``(sin (2*PI))==0``. +Rewrite -> sin_2a; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma cos_2PI : ``(cos (2*PI))==1``. +Rewrite -> cos_2a; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma tan_2PI : ``(tan (2*PI))==0``. +Cut ``2*PI==PI+PI``. +Intro. +Rewrite H; Rewrite -> tan_plus. +Rewrite tan_PI; Field; Rewrite without_div_Oi2. +Rewrite Ropp_O; Rewrite Rplus_Or; DiscrR. +Reflexivity. +Rewrite -> cos_PI; DiscrR. +Rewrite -> cos_PI; DiscrR. +Rewrite <- H; Rewrite -> cos_2PI; DiscrR. +Rewrite -> tan_PI. +Unfold Rminus; Rewrite Rmult_Or; Rewrite Ropp_O; Rewrite Rplus_Or; DiscrR. +Ring. +Save. + +Lemma neg_cos : (x:R) ``(cos (x+PI))==-(cos x)``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> cos_plus; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma neg_sin : (x:R) ``(sin (x+PI))==-(sin x)``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> sin_plus; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI_x : (x:R) ``(sin (PI-x))==(sin x)``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> sin_minus; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Rewrite -> cos_PI; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma sin_period : (x:R)(k:nat) ``(sin (x+2*(INR k)*PI))==(sin x)``. +Intros x k; Induction k. +Cut ``x+2*(INR O)*PI==x``; [Intro; Rewrite H; Reflexivity | Ring]. +Replace ``x+2*(INR (S k))*PI`` with ``(x+2*(INR k)*PI)+(2*PI)``; [Rewrite -> sin_plus; Rewrite -> sin_2PI; Rewrite -> cos_2PI; Ring; Apply Hreck | Rewrite -> S_INR; Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_period : (x:R)(k:nat) ``(cos (x+2*(INR k)*PI))==(cos x)``. +Intros x k; Induction k. +Cut ``x+2*(INR O)*PI==x``; [Intro; Rewrite H; Reflexivity | Ring]. +Replace ``x+2*(INR (S k))*PI`` with ``(x+2*(INR k)*PI)+(2*PI)``; [Rewrite -> cos_plus; Rewrite -> sin_2PI; Rewrite -> cos_2PI; Ring; Apply Hreck | Rewrite -> S_INR; Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_shift : (x:R) ``(sin (PI/2-x))==(cos x)``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> sin_minus; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma cos_shift : (x:R) ``(cos (PI/2-x))==(sin x)``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> cos_minus; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma cos_sin : (x:R) ``(cos x)==(sin (PI/2+x))``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> sin_plus; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma sin_cos : (x:R) ``(sin x)==-(cos (PI/2+x))``. +Intro x; Rewrite -> cos_plus; Rewrite -> sin_PI2; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Ring. +Save. + +Axiom sin_eq_0 : (x:R) (sin x)==R0 <-> (EXT k:Z | x==(Rmult (IZR k) PI)). + +Lemma sin_eq_0_0 : (x:R) (sin x)==R0 -> (EXT k:Z | x==(Rmult (IZR k) PI)). +Intros; Elim (sin_eq_0 x); Intros; Apply (H0 H). +Save. + +Lemma sin_eq_0_1 : (x:R) (EXT k:Z | x==(Rmult (IZR k) PI)) -> (sin x)==R0. +Intros; Elim (sin_eq_0 x); Intros; Apply (H1 H). +Save. + +Lemma cos_eq_0_0 : (x:R) (cos x)==R0 -> (EXT k : Z | ``x==(IZR k)*PI+PI/2``). +Intros x H; Rewrite -> cos_sin in H; Generalize (sin_eq_0_0 (Rplus (Rdiv PI (INR (2))) x) H); Intro H2; Elim H2; Intros x0 H3; Exists (Zminus x0 (inject_nat (S O))); Rewrite <- Z_R_minus; Ring; Rewrite Rmult_sym; Rewrite <- H3; Field; DiscrR. +Save. + +Lemma cos_eq_0_1 : (x:R) (EXT k : Z | ``x==(IZR k)*PI+PI/2``) -> ``(cos x)==0``. +Intros x H1; Rewrite cos_sin; Elim H1; Intros x0 H2; Rewrite H2; Replace ``PI/2+((IZR x0)*PI+PI/2)`` with ``(IZR x0)*PI+PI``; [ Rewrite neg_sin; Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Replace ``-0`` with ``-1*0``; [ Replace ``-(sin ((IZR x0)*PI))`` with ``-1*(sin ((IZR x0)*PI))``; [ Apply Rmult_mult_r; Apply sin_eq_0_1; Exists x0; Reflexivity | Ring] | Ring] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma PI_RGT_0 : ``0<PI``. +Cut ~(O=(314)). +Cut ~(O=(100)). +Intros; Apply Rlt_le_trans with PI_lb; [Unfold PI_lb; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (314) (neq_O_lt (314) H0)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (100) (neq_O_lt (100) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H2; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv ``100`` H2); Intro H3; Generalize (regle_signe ``314`` (Rinv ``100``) H1 H3); Intro H4 | Elim PI_approx; Intros H3 _]; Assumption. +Discriminate. +Discriminate. +Save. + +Lemma sin_eq_O_2PI_0 : (x:R) ``0<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` -> ``(sin x)==0`` -> ``x==0``\/``x==PI``\/``x==2*PI``. +Intros. +Generalize (sin_eq_0_0 x H1); Intro. +Elim H2; Intros k0 H3. +Case (total_order PI x); Intro. +Rewrite H3 in H4. +Rewrite H3 in H0. +Right; Right. +Generalize (Rlt_monotony_r ``/PI`` ``PI`` ``(IZR k0)*PI`` (Rlt_Rinv ``PI`` PI_RGT_0) H4). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Intro. +Generalize (Rle_monotony_r ``/PI`` ``(IZR k0)*PI`` ``2*PI`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/PI`` (Rlt_Rinv ``PI`` PI_RGT_0)) H0). +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Intro. +Generalize (Rlt_compatibility (IZR `-2`) ``1`` (IZR k0) H5). +Rewrite <- plus_IZR. +Replace ``(IZR (NEG (xO xH)))+1`` with ``-1``. +Intro. +Generalize (Rle_compatibility (IZR `-2`) (IZR k0) ``2`` H6). +Rewrite <- plus_IZR. +Replace ``(IZR (NEG (xO xH)))+2`` with ``0``. +Intro. +Cut ``-1 < (IZR (Zplus (NEG (xO xH)) k0)) < 1``. +Intro. +Generalize (one_IZR_lt1 (Zplus (NEG (xO xH)) k0) H9). +Intro. +Cut k0=`2`. +Intro. +Rewrite H11 in H3. +Rewrite H3. +Simpl. +Reflexivity. +Rewrite <- (Zplus_inverse_l `2`) in H10. +Generalize (Zsimpl_plus_l `-2` k0 `2` H10). +Intro; Assumption. +Split. +Assumption. +Apply Rle_lt_trans with ``0``. +Assumption. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Simpl; Ring. +Simpl; Ring. +Apply PI_neq0. +Apply PI_neq0. +Elim H4; Intro. +Right; Left. +Symmetry; Assumption. +Left. +Rewrite H3 in H5. +Rewrite H3 in H. +Generalize (Rlt_monotony_r ``/PI`` ``(IZR k0)*PI`` PI (Rlt_Rinv ``PI`` PI_RGT_0) H5). +Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Intro. +Generalize (Rle_monotony_r ``/PI`` ``0`` ``(IZR k0)*PI`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/PI`` (Rlt_Rinv ``PI`` PI_RGT_0)) H). +Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc. +Repeat Rewrite <- Rinv_r_sym. +Rewrite Rmult_1r. +Rewrite Rmult_Ol. +Intro. +Cut ``-1 < (IZR (k0)) < 1``. +Intro. +Generalize (one_IZR_lt1 k0 H8). +Intro. +Rewrite H9 in H3. +Rewrite H3. +Simpl. +Apply Rmult_Ol. +Split. +Apply Rlt_le_trans with ``0``. +Rewrite <- Ropp_O. +Apply Rgt_Ropp. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Assumption. +Assumption. +Apply PI_neq0. +Apply PI_neq0. +Save. + +Lemma sin_eq_O_2PI_1 : (x:R) ``0<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` -> ``x==0``\/``x==PI``\/``x==2*PI`` -> ``(sin x)==0``. +Intros x H1 H2 H3; Elim H3; Intro H4; [ Rewrite H4; Rewrite -> sin_0; Reflexivity | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Rewrite H5; Rewrite -> sin_PI; Reflexivity | Rewrite H5; Rewrite -> sin_2PI; Reflexivity]]. +Save. + +Lemma PI2_RGT_0 : ``0<PI/2``. +Cut ~(O=(2)); [Intro H; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (2) (neq_O_lt (2) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (regle_signe PI (Rinv ``2``) PI_RGT_0 (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` H1)); Intro H2; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma Rgt_2_0 : ``0<2``. +Cut ~(O=(2)); [Intro H0; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (2) (neq_O_lt (2) H0)); Unfold INR; Intro H; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_eq_0_2PI_0 : (x:R) ``R0<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` -> ``(cos x)==0`` -> ``x==(PI/2)``\/``x==3*(PI/2)``. +Intros. +Case (total_order x ``3*(PI/2)``); Intro. +Rewrite cos_sin in H1. +Cut ``0<=PI/2+x``. +Cut ``PI/2+x<=2*PI``. +Intros. +Generalize (sin_eq_O_2PI_0 ``PI/2+x`` H4 H3 H1). +Intros. +Decompose [or] H5. +Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``PI/2`` ``0`` x H). +Rewrite Rplus_Or. +Rewrite H6. +Intro. +Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rlt_le_trans ``0`` ``PI/2`` ``0`` PI2_RGT_0 H7)). +Left. +Generalize (Rplus_plus_r ``-(PI/2)`` ``PI/2+x`` PI H7). +Replace ``-(PI/2)+(PI/2+x)`` with x. +Replace ``-(PI/2)+PI`` with ``PI/2``. +Intro; Assumption. +Field; DiscrR. +Ring. +Right. +Generalize (Rplus_plus_r ``-(PI/2)`` ``PI/2+x`` ``2*PI`` H7). +Replace ``-(PI/2)+(PI/2+x)`` with x. +Replace ``-(PI/2)+2*PI`` with ``3*(PI/2)``. +Intro; Assumption. +Field; DiscrR. +Ring. +Left; Replace ``2*PI`` with ``PI/2+3*(PI/2)``. +Apply Rlt_compatibility; Assumption. +Field; DiscrR. +Apply ge0_plus_ge0_is_ge0. +Left; Unfold Rdiv; Apply regle_signe. +Apply PI_RGT_0. +Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply Rgt_2_0. +Assumption. +Elim H2; Intro. +Right; Assumption. +Generalize (cos_eq_0_0 x H1). +Intro; Elim H4; Intros k0 H5. +Rewrite H5 in H3. +Rewrite H5 in H0. +Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-(PI/2)`` ``3*PI/2`` ``(IZR k0)*PI+PI/2`` H3). +Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-(PI/2)`` ``(IZR k0)*PI+PI/2`` ``2*PI`` H0). +Replace ``-(PI/2)+3*PI/2`` with PI. +Replace ``-(PI/2)+((IZR k0)*PI+PI/2)`` with ``(IZR k0)*PI``. +Replace ``-(PI/2)+2*PI`` with ``3*(PI/2)``. +Intros. +Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``/PI`` ``PI`` ``(IZR k0)*PI`` (Rlt_Rinv PI PI_RGT_0) H7). +Generalize (Rle_monotony ``/PI`` ``(IZR k0)*PI`` ``3*(PI/2)`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/PI`` (Rlt_Rinv PI PI_RGT_0)) H6). +Replace ``/PI*((IZR k0)*PI)`` with (IZR k0). +Replace ``/PI*(3*PI/2)`` with ``3*/2``. +Rewrite <- Rinv_l_sym. +Intros. +Generalize (Rlt_compatibility (IZR `-2`) ``1`` (IZR k0) H9). +Rewrite <- plus_IZR. +Replace ``(IZR (NEG (xO xH)))+1`` with ``-1``. +Intro. +Generalize (Rle_compatibility (IZR `-2`) (IZR k0) ``3*/2`` H8). +Rewrite <- plus_IZR. +Replace ``(IZR (NEG (xO xH)))+2`` with ``0``. +Intro. +Cut `` -1 < (IZR (Zplus (NEG (xO xH)) k0)) < 1``. +Intro. +Generalize (one_IZR_lt1 (Zplus (NEG (xO xH)) k0) H12). +Intro. +Cut k0=`2`. +Intro. +Rewrite H14 in H8. +Generalize (Rle_monotony ``2`` ``(IZR (POS (xO xH)))`` ``3*/2`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``2`` Rgt_2_0) H8). +Simpl. +Replace ``2*2`` with ``4``. +Replace ``2*(3*/2)`` with ``3``. +Intro. +Cut ``3<4``. +Intro. +Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``3`` (Rlt_le_trans ``3`` ``4`` ``3`` H16 H15)). +Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``3`` ``0`` ``1`` Rlt_R0_R1). +Rewrite Rplus_Or. +Replace ``3+1`` with ``4``. +Intro; Assumption. +Ring. +Field; DiscrR. +Ring. +Rewrite <- (Zplus_inverse_l `2`) in H13. +Generalize (Zsimpl_plus_l `-2` k0 `2` H13). +Intro; Assumption. +Split. +Assumption. +Apply Rle_lt_trans with ``(IZR (NEG (xO xH)))+3*/2``. +Assumption. +Simpl. +Replace ``-2+3*/2`` with ``-(1*/2)``. +Apply Rlt_trans with ``0``. +Rewrite <- Ropp_O. +Apply Rlt_Ropp. +Apply regle_signe; [Apply Rlt_R0_R1 | Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply Rgt_2_0]. +Apply Rlt_R0_R1. +Field; DiscrR. +Simpl; Ring. +Simpl; Ring. +Apply PI_neq0. +Unfold Rdiv; Field; Apply prod_neq_R0; [DiscrR | Apply PI_neq0]. +Field; Apply PI_neq0. +Field; DiscrR. +Ring. +Field; DiscrR. +Save. + +Lemma cos_eq_0_2PI_1 : (x:R) ``0<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` -> ``x==PI/2``\/``x==3*(PI/2)`` -> ``(cos x)==0``. +Intros x H1 H2 H3; Elim H3; Intro H4; [ Rewrite H4; Rewrite -> cos_PI2; Reflexivity | Rewrite H4; Rewrite -> cos_3PI2; Reflexivity ]. +Save. + +Lemma SIN_bound : (x:R) ``-1<=(sin x)<=1``. +Intro; Case (total_order_Rle ``-1`` (sin x)); Intro. +Case (total_order_Rle (sin x) ``1``); Intro. +Split; Assumption. +Cut ``1<(sin x)``. +Intro; Generalize (Rsqr_incrst_1 ``1`` (sin x) H (Rlt_le ``0`` ``1`` Rlt_R0_R1) (Rlt_le ``0`` (sin x) (Rlt_trans ``0`` ``1`` (sin x) Rlt_R0_R1 H))); Rewrite Rsqr_1; Intro; Rewrite sin2 in H0; Unfold Rminus in H0; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-1`` ``1`` ``1+ -(Rsqr (cos x))`` H0); Repeat Rewrite <- Rplus_assoc; Repeat Rewrite Rplus_Ropp_l; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Intro; Rewrite <- Ropp_O in H1; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``-0`` ``-(Rsqr (cos x))`` H1); Repeat Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Intro; Generalize (pos_Rsqr (cos x)); Intro; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rle_lt_trans ``0`` (Rsqr (cos x)) ``0`` H3 H2)). +Auto with real. +Cut ``(sin x)< -1``. +Intro; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp (sin x) ``-1`` H); Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Clear H; Intro; Generalize (Rsqr_incrst_1 ``1`` ``-(sin x)`` H (Rlt_le ``0`` ``1`` Rlt_R0_R1) (Rlt_le ``0`` ``-(sin x)`` (Rlt_trans ``0`` ``1`` ``-(sin x)`` Rlt_R0_R1 H))); Rewrite Rsqr_1; Intro; Rewrite <- Rsqr_neg in H0; Rewrite sin2 in H0; Unfold Rminus in H0; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-1`` ``1`` ``1+ -(Rsqr (cos x))`` H0); Repeat Rewrite <- Rplus_assoc; Repeat Rewrite Rplus_Ropp_l; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Intro; Rewrite <- Ropp_O in H1; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``-0`` ``-(Rsqr (cos x))`` H1); Repeat Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Intro; Generalize (pos_Rsqr (cos x)); Intro; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rle_lt_trans ``0`` (Rsqr (cos x)) ``0`` H3 H2)). +Auto with real. +Save. + +Lemma COS_bound : (x:R) ``-1<=(cos x)<=1``. +Intro; Case (total_order_Rle ``-1`` (cos x)); Intro. +Case (total_order_Rle (cos x) ``1``); Intro. +Split; Assumption. +Cut ``1<(cos x)``. +Intro; Generalize (Rsqr_incrst_1 ``1`` (cos x) H (Rlt_le ``0`` ``1`` Rlt_R0_R1) (Rlt_le ``0`` (cos x) (Rlt_trans ``0`` ``1`` (cos x) Rlt_R0_R1 H))); Rewrite Rsqr_1; Intro; Rewrite cos2 in H0; Unfold Rminus in H0; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-1`` ``1`` ``1+ -(Rsqr (sin x))`` H0); Repeat Rewrite <- Rplus_assoc; Repeat Rewrite Rplus_Ropp_l; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Intro; Rewrite <- Ropp_O in H1; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``-0`` ``-(Rsqr (sin x))`` H1); Repeat Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Intro; Generalize (pos_Rsqr (sin x)); Intro; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rle_lt_trans ``0`` (Rsqr (sin x)) ``0`` H3 H2)). +Auto with real. +Cut ``(cos x)< -1``. +Intro; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp (cos x) ``-1`` H); Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Clear H; Intro; Generalize (Rsqr_incrst_1 ``1`` ``-(cos x)`` H (Rlt_le ``0`` ``1`` Rlt_R0_R1) (Rlt_le ``0`` ``-(cos x)`` (Rlt_trans ``0`` ``1`` ``-(cos x)`` Rlt_R0_R1 H))); Rewrite Rsqr_1; Intro; Rewrite <- Rsqr_neg in H0; Rewrite cos2 in H0; Unfold Rminus in H0; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-1`` ``1`` ``1+ -(Rsqr (sin x))`` H0); Repeat Rewrite <- Rplus_assoc; Repeat Rewrite Rplus_Ropp_l; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Intro; Rewrite <- Ropp_O in H1; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``-0`` ``-(Rsqr (sin x))`` H1); Repeat Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Intro; Generalize (pos_Rsqr (sin x)); Intro; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rle_lt_trans ``0`` (Rsqr (sin x)) ``0`` H3 H2)). +Auto with real. +Save. + +Lemma cos_sin_0 : (x:R) ~(``(cos x)==0``/\``(sin x)==0``). +Intro; Red; Intro; Elim H; Intros; Generalize (sin2_cos2 x); Intro; Rewrite H0 in H2; Rewrite H1 in H2; Repeat Rewrite Rsqr_O in H2; Rewrite Rplus_Or in H2; Generalize Rlt_R0_R1; Intro; Rewrite <- H2 in H3; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H3). +Save. + +Lemma cos_sin_0_var : (x:R) ~``(cos x)==0``\/~``(sin x)==0``. +Intro; Apply not_and_or; Apply cos_sin_0. +Save. + +(*****************************************************************) +(* Using series definitions of cos and sin *) +(*****************************************************************) + +Definition sin_term [a:R] : nat->R := [i:nat] ``(pow (-1) i)*(pow a (plus (mult (S (S O)) i) (S O)))/(INR (fact (plus (mult (S (S O)) i) (S O))))``. + +Definition cos_term [a:R] : nat->R := [i:nat] ``(pow (-1) i)*(pow a (mult (S (S O)) i))/(INR (fact (mult (S (S O)) i)))``. + +Definition sin_approx [a:R;n:nat] : R := (sigma_aux (sin_term a) O n n). + +Definition cos_approx [a:R;n:nat] : R := (sigma_aux (cos_term a) O n n). + +Axiom sin_bound : (a:R)(n:nat) ``0<=a``->``a<=PI``->``(sin_approx a (plus (mult (S (S O)) n) (S O)))<=(sin a)<=(sin_approx a (mult (S (S O)) (plus n (S O))))``. + +Axiom cos_bound : (a:R)(n:nat) ``-PI/2<=a``->``a<=PI/2``->``(cos_approx a (plus (mult (S (S O)) n) (S O)))<=(cos a)<=(cos_approx a (mult ((S (S O))) (plus n (S O))))``. + +Definition sin_lb [a:R] : R := (sin_approx a (3)). +Definition sin_ub [a:R] : R := (sin_approx a (4)). +Definition cos_lb [a:R] : R := (cos_approx a (3)). +Definition cos_ub [a:R] : R := (cos_approx a (4)). + +Axiom sin_lb_gt_0 : (a:R) ``0<a``->``a<=PI/2``->``0<(sin_lb a)``. + +Lemma SIN : (a:R) ``0<=a`` -> ``a<=PI`` -> ``(sin_lb a)<=(sin a)<=(sin_ub a)``. +Intros; Unfold sin_lb sin_ub; Apply (sin_bound a (S O) H H0). +Save. + +Lemma COS : (a:R) ``-PI/2<=a`` -> ``a<=PI/2`` -> ``(cos_lb a)<=(cos a)<=(cos_ub a)``. +Intros; Unfold cos_lb cos_ub; Apply (cos_bound a (S O) H H0). +Save. + +(**********) +Lemma PI4_RGT_0 : ``0<PI/4``. +Cut ~(O=(4)); [Intro H; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (4) (neq_O_lt (4) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (regle_signe PI (Rinv ``4``) PI_RGT_0 (Rlt_Rinv ``4`` H1)); Intro H2; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma PI6_RGT_0 : ``0<PI/6``. +Cut ~(O=(6)); [Intro H; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (6) (neq_O_lt (6) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (regle_signe PI (Rinv ``6``) PI_RGT_0 (Rlt_Rinv ``6`` H1)); Intro H2; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma _PI2_RLT_0 : ``-(PI/2)<0``. +Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Apply Rlt_Ropp1; Apply PI2_RGT_0. +Save. + +Lemma PI4_RLT_PI2 : ``PI/4<PI/2``. +Cut ~(O=(2)). +Intro H; Cut ~(O=(1)). +Intro H0; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (2) (neq_O_lt (2) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``2`` ``0`` ``2`` H1); Rewrite Rplus_sym. +Rewrite Rplus_Ol. +Replace ``2+2`` with ``4``. +Intro H2; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (1) (neq_O_lt (1) H0)); Unfold INR; Intro H3; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``1`` ``0`` ``1`` H3); Rewrite Rplus_sym. +Rewrite Rplus_Ol. +Clear H3; Intro H3; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv_R1 ``2`` ``4`` (Rlt_le ``1`` ``2`` H3) H2); Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_monotony PI (Rinv ``4``) (Rinv ``2``) PI_RGT_0 H4); Intro H5; Assumption. +Ring. +Discriminate. +Discriminate. +Save. + +Lemma PI6_RLT_PI2 : ``PI/6<PI/2``. +Cut ~(O=(4)); [ Intro H; Cut ~(O=(1)); [Intro H0; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (4) (neq_O_lt (4) H)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``2`` ``0`` ``4`` H1); Rewrite Rplus_sym; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Replace ``2+4`` with ``6``; [Intro H2; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (1) (neq_O_lt (1) H0)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H3; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``1`` ``0`` ``1`` H3); Rewrite Rplus_sym; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Clear H3; Intro H3; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv_R1 ``2`` ``6`` (Rlt_le ``1`` ``2`` H3) H2); Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_monotony PI (Rinv ``6``) (Rinv ``2``) PI_RGT_0 H4); Intro H5; Assumption | Ring] | Discriminate] | Discriminate ]. +Save. + +Lemma Rgt_3_0 : ``0<3``. +Cut ~(O=(3)); [Intro H0; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (3) (neq_O_lt (3) H0)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma sqrt2_neq_0 : ~``(sqrt 2)==0``. +Generalize (Rlt_le ``0`` ``2`` Rgt_2_0); Intro H1; Red; Intro H2; Generalize (sqrt_eq_0 ``2`` H1 H2); Intro H; Absurd ``2==0``; [ DiscrR | Assumption]. +Save. + +Lemma R1_sqrt2_neq_0 : ~``1/(sqrt 2)==0``. +Generalize (Rinv_neq_R0 ``(sqrt 2)`` sqrt2_neq_0); Intro H; Generalize (prod_neq_R0 ``1`` ``(Rinv (sqrt 2))`` R1_neq_R0 H); Intro H0; Assumption. +Save. + +Lemma sqrt3_2_neq_0 : ~``2*(sqrt 3)==0``. +Apply prod_neq_R0; [DiscrR | Generalize (Rlt_le ``0`` ``3`` Rgt_3_0); Intro H1; Red; Intro H2; Generalize (sqrt_eq_0 ``3`` H1 H2); Intro H; Absurd ``3==0``; [ DiscrR | Assumption]]. +Save. + +Lemma not_sym : (r1,r2:R) ``r1<>r2`` -> ``r2<>r1``. +Intros; Red; Intro H0; Rewrite H0 in H; Elim H; Reflexivity. +Save. + +Lemma Rlt_sqrt2_0 : ``0<(sqrt 2)``. +Generalize (foo ``2`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``2`` Rgt_2_0)); Intro H1; Elim H1; Intro H2; [Assumption | Absurd ``0 == (sqrt 2)``; [Apply not_sym; Apply sqrt2_neq_0 | Assumption]]. +Save. + +Lemma Rlt_sqrt3_0 : ``0<(sqrt 3)``. +Cut ~(O=(1)); [Intro H0; Generalize (Rlt_le ``0`` ``2`` Rgt_2_0); Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_le ``0`` ``3`` Rgt_3_0); Intro H2; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (1) (neq_O_lt (1) H0)); Unfold INR; Intro H3; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``2`` ``0`` ``1`` H3); Rewrite Rplus_sym; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Replace ``2+1`` with ``3``; [Intro H4; Generalize (sqrt_lt_1 ``2`` ``3`` H1 H2 H4); Clear H3; Intro H3; Apply (Rlt_trans ``0`` ``(sqrt 2)`` ``(sqrt 3)`` Rlt_sqrt2_0 H3) | Ring] | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma PI2_Rlt_PI : ``PI/2<PI``. +Cut ~(O=(1)); [Intro H0; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (1) (neq_O_lt (1) H0)); Unfold INR; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``1`` ``0`` ``1`` H1); Rewrite Rplus_sym; Rewrite Rplus_Ol; Intro H2; Cut ``1<=1``; [Intro H3; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv_R1 ``1`` ``2`` H3 H2); Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_monotony PI (Rinv ``2``) (Rinv ``1``) PI_RGT_0 H4); Replace ``PI*/1`` with ``PI``; [Intro H5; Assumption | Field; Apply R1_neq_R0] | Right; Reflexivity] | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Theorem sin_gt_0 : (x:R) ``0<x`` -> ``x<PI`` -> ``0<(sin x)``. +Intros; Elim (SIN x (Rlt_le R0 x H) (Rlt_le x PI H0)); Intros H1 _; Case (total_order x ``PI/2``); Intro H2; [Generalize (sin_lb_gt_0 x H (Rlt_le x ``PI/2`` H2)); Intro H3; Apply (Rlt_le_trans ``0`` (sin_lb x) (sin x) H3 H1) | Elim H2; Intro H3; [Rewrite H3; Rewrite sin_PI2; Apply Rlt_R0_R1 | Rewrite <- sin_PI_x; Generalize (Rgt_Ropp x ``PI/2`` H3); Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility PI (Ropp x) (Ropp ``PI/2``) H4); Replace ``PI+(-x)`` with ``PI-x``; [Replace ``PI+ -(PI/2)`` with ``PI/2``; [Intro H5; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp x PI H0); Intro H6; Change ``-PI < -x`` in H6; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility PI (Ropp PI) (Ropp x) H6); Replace ``PI+ -PI`` with ``0``; [Replace ``PI+ -x`` with ``PI-x``; [Intro H7; Elim (SIN ``PI-x`` (Rlt_le R0 ``PI-x`` H7) (Rlt_le ``PI-x`` PI (Rlt_trans ``PI-x`` ``PI/2`` ``PI`` H5 PI2_Rlt_PI))); Intros H8 _; Generalize (sin_lb_gt_0 ``PI-x`` H7 (Rlt_le ``PI-x`` ``PI/2`` H5)); Intro H9; Apply (Rlt_le_trans ``0`` ``(sin_lb (PI-x))`` ``(sin (PI-x))`` H9 H8) | Ring] | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Ring]]]. +Save. + +Theorem cos_gt_0 : (x:R) ``-(PI/2)<x`` -> ``x<PI/2`` -> ``0<(cos x)``. +Intros; Rewrite cos_sin; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``PI/2`` ``-(PI/2)`` x H); Replace ``(PI/2)+ (-(PI/2))`` with ``0``; [Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``PI/2`` x ``PI/2`` H0); Replace ``PI/2+PI/2`` with ``PI``; [Intro H2; Apply (sin_gt_0 ``PI/2+x`` H1 H2) | Field; DiscrR] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_ge_0 : (x:R) ``0<=x`` -> ``x<=PI`` -> ``0<=(sin x)``. +Intros x H1 H2; Elim H1; Intro H3; [ Elim H2; Intro H4; [ Left ; Apply (sin_gt_0 x H3 H4) | Rewrite H4; Right; Symmetry; Apply sin_PI ] | Rewrite <- H3; Right; Symmetry; Apply sin_0]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_ge_0 : (x:R) ``-(PI/2)<=x`` -> ``x<=PI/2`` -> ``0<=(cos x)``. +Intros x H1 H2; Elim H1; Intro H3; [ Elim H2; Intro H4; [ Left ; Apply (cos_gt_0 x H3 H4) | Rewrite H4; Right; Symmetry; Apply cos_PI2 ] | Rewrite <- H3; Rewrite cos_neg; Right; Symmetry; Apply cos_PI2 ]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_le_0 : (x:R) ``PI<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` -> ``(sin x)<=0``. +Intros x H1 H2; Apply Rle_sym2; Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Rewrite <- (Ropp_Ropp (sin x)); Apply Rle_Ropp; Rewrite <- neg_sin; Replace ``x+PI`` with ``(x-PI)+2*(INR (S O))*PI``; [Rewrite -> (sin_period (Rminus x PI) (S O)); Apply sin_ge_0; [Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; [Rewrite Rplus_sym; Replace ``0`` with ``(-PI)+PI``; [Apply Rle_compatibility; Assumption | Ring] | Ring] | Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; Rewrite Rplus_sym; [Pattern 2 PI; Replace ``PI`` with ``(-PI)+2*PI``; [Apply Rle_compatibility; Assumption | Ring] | Ring]] |Unfold INR; Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_le_0 : (x:R) ``PI/2<=x``->``x<=3*(PI/2)``->``(cos x)<=0``. +Intros x H1 H2; Apply Rle_sym2; Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Rewrite <- (Ropp_Ropp (cos x)); Apply Rle_Ropp; Rewrite <- neg_cos; Replace ``x+PI`` with ``(x-PI)+2*(INR (S O))*PI``; [ Rewrite cos_period; Apply cos_ge_0; [Replace ``-(PI/2)`` with ``-PI+(PI/2)``; [Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; [Rewrite (Rplus_sym x); Apply Rle_compatibility; Assumption | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; Rewrite Rplus_sym; [Replace ``PI/2`` with ``(-PI)+3*(PI/2)``; [Apply Rle_compatibility; Assumption | Field; DiscrR] | Ring]] | Unfold INR; Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_lt_0 : (x:R) ``PI<x`` -> ``x<2*PI`` -> ``(sin x)<0``. +Intros x H1 H2; Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Rewrite <- (Ropp_Ropp (sin x)); Apply Rlt_Ropp; Rewrite <- neg_sin; Replace ``x+PI`` with ``(x-PI)+2*(INR (S O))*PI``; [Rewrite -> (sin_period (Rminus x PI) (S O)); Apply sin_gt_0; [Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; [Rewrite Rplus_sym; Replace ``0`` with ``(-PI)+PI``; [Apply Rlt_compatibility; Assumption | Ring] | Ring] | Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; Rewrite Rplus_sym; [Pattern 2 PI; Replace ``PI`` with ``(-PI)+2*PI``; [Apply Rlt_compatibility; Assumption | Ring] | Ring]] |Unfold INR; Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_lt_0_var : (x:R) ``-PI<x`` -> ``x<0`` -> ``(sin x)<0``. +Intros; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``2*PI`` ``-PI`` x H); Replace ``2*PI+(-PI)`` with ``PI``; [Intro H1; Rewrite Rplus_sym in H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``2*PI`` x ``0`` H0); Intro H2; Rewrite (Rplus_sym ``2*PI``) in H2; Rewrite <- (Rplus_sym R0) in H2; Rewrite Rplus_Ol in H2; Rewrite <- (sin_period x (1)); Unfold INR; Replace ``2*1*PI`` with ``2*PI``; [Apply (sin_lt_0 ``x+2*PI`` H1 H2) | Ring] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_lt_0 : (x:R) ``PI/2<x`` -> ``x<3*(PI/2)``-> ``(cos x)<0``. +Intros x H1 H2; Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Rewrite <- (Ropp_Ropp (cos x)); Apply Rlt_Ropp; Rewrite <- neg_cos; Replace ``x+PI`` with ``(x-PI)+2*(INR (S O))*PI``; [ Rewrite cos_period; Apply cos_gt_0; [Replace ``-(PI/2)`` with ``-PI+(PI/2)``; [Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; [Rewrite (Rplus_sym x); Apply Rlt_compatibility; Assumption | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Replace ``x-PI`` with ``x+(-PI)``; Rewrite Rplus_sym; [Replace ``PI/2`` with ``(-PI)+3*(PI/2)``; [Apply Rlt_compatibility; Assumption | Field; DiscrR] | Ring]] | Unfold INR; Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_gt_0 : (x:R) ``0<x`` -> ``x<PI/2`` -> ``0<(tan x)``. +Intros x H1 H2; Unfold tan; Generalize _PI2_RLT_0; Generalize (Rlt_trans R0 x ``PI/2`` H1 H2); Intros; Generalize (Rlt_trans ``-(PI/2)`` R0 x H0 H1); Intro H5; Generalize (Rlt_trans x ``PI/2`` PI H2 PI2_Rlt_PI); Intro H7; Unfold Rdiv; Apply regle_signe. +Apply sin_gt_0; Assumption. +Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply cos_gt_0; Assumption. +Save. + +Lemma tan_lt_0 : (x:R) ``-(PI/2)<x``->``x<0``->``(tan x)<0``. +Intros x H1 H2; Unfold tan; Generalize (cos_gt_0 x H1 (Rlt_trans x ``0`` ``PI/2`` H2 PI2_RGT_0)); Intro H3; Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Replace ``(sin x)/(cos x)`` with ``- ((-(sin x))/(cos x))``. +Rewrite <- sin_neg; Apply Rgt_Ropp; Change ``0<(sin (-x))/(cos x)``; Unfold Rdiv; Apply regle_signe. +Apply sin_gt_0. +Rewrite <- Ropp_O; Apply Rgt_Ropp; Assumption. +Apply Rlt_trans with ``PI/2``. +Rewrite <- (Ropp_Ropp ``PI/2``); Apply Rgt_Ropp; Assumption. +Apply PI2_Rlt_PI. +Apply Rlt_Rinv; Assumption. +Unfold Rdiv; Ring. +Save. + +Lemma cos_ge_0_3PI2 : (x:R) ``3*(PI/2)<=x``->``x<=2*PI``->``0<=(cos x)``. +Intros; Rewrite <- cos_neg; Rewrite <- (cos_period ``-x`` (1)); Unfold INR; Replace ``-x+2*1*PI`` with ``2*PI-x``; [Generalize (Rle_Ropp x ``2*PI`` H0); Intro H1; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-(2*PI)`` ``-x`` H1); Clear H1; Intro H1; Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``2*PI`` ``-(2*PI)`` ``-x`` H1); Replace ``2*PI+ -(2*PI)`` with ``0``; [Replace ``2*PI+ -x`` with ``2*PI-x``; [Intro H2; Generalize (Rle_Ropp ``3*(PI/2)`` x H); Intro H3; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-x`` ``-(3*(PI/2))`` H3); Clear H3; Intro H3; Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``2*PI`` ``-x`` ``-(3*(PI/2))`` H3); Replace ``2*PI+ -x`` with ``2*PI-x``; [Replace ``2*PI+ -(3*PI/2)`` with ``PI/2``; [Intro H4; Apply (cos_ge_0 ``2*PI-x`` (Rlt_le ``-(PI/2)`` ``2*PI-x`` (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``0`` ``2*PI-x`` _PI2_RLT_0 H2)) H4) | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Ring] | Ring] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma form1 : (p,q:R) ``(cos p)+(cos q)==2*(cos ((p-q)/2))*(cos ((p+q)/2))``. +Intros p q; Pattern 1 p; Replace ``p`` with ``(p-q)/2+(p+q)/2``; [Rewrite <- (cos_neg q); Replace``-q`` with ``(p-q)/2-(p+q)/2``; [Rewrite cos_plus; Rewrite cos_minus; Ring | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma form2 : (p,q:R) ``(cos p)-(cos q)==-2*(sin ((p-q)/2))*(sin ((p+q)/2))``. +Intros p q; Pattern 1 p; Replace ``p`` with ``(p-q)/2+(p+q)/2``; [Rewrite <- (cos_neg q); Replace``-q`` with ``(p-q)/2-(p+q)/2``; [Rewrite cos_plus; Rewrite cos_minus; Ring | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma form3 : (p,q:R) ``(sin p)+(sin q)==2*(cos ((p-q)/2))*(sin ((p+q)/2))``. +Intros p q; Pattern 1 p; Replace ``p`` with ``(p-q)/2+(p+q)/2``; [Pattern 3 q; Replace ``q`` with ``(p+q)/2-(p-q)/2``; [Rewrite sin_plus; Rewrite sin_minus; Ring | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma form4 : (p,q:R) ``(sin p)-(sin q)==2*(cos ((p+q)/2))*(sin ((p-q)/2))``. +Intros p q; Pattern 1 p; Replace ``p`` with ``(p-q)/2+(p+q)/2``; [Pattern 3 q; Replace ``q`` with ``(p+q)/2-(p-q)/2``; [Rewrite sin_plus; Rewrite sin_minus; Ring | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_increasing_0 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/2)<=x``->``x<=PI/2``->``-(PI/2)<=y``->``y<=PI/2``->``(sin x)<(sin y)``->``x<y``. +Intros; Cut ``(sin ((x-y)/2))<0``; [Intro H4; Case (total_order ``(x-y)/2`` ``0``); Intro H5; [Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``2`` ``(x-y)/2`` ``0`` Rgt_2_0 H5); Replace ``2*(x-y)/2`` with ``x-y``; [Replace ``2*0`` with ``0``; [Clear H5; Intro H5; Apply Rminus_lt; Assumption | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Elim H5; Intro H6; [Rewrite H6 in H4; Rewrite sin_0 in H4; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H4) | Change ``0<(x-y)/2`` in H6; Generalize (Rle_Ropp ``-(PI/2)`` y H1); Replace ``- (-(PI/2))`` with ``PI/2``; [Intro H7; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-y`` ``PI/2`` H7); Clear H7; Intro H7; Generalize (Rplus_le x ``PI/2`` ``-y`` ``PI/2`` H0 H7); Replace ``x+(-y)`` with ``x-y``; [Replace ``PI/2+PI/2`` with ``PI``; [Intro H8; Generalize (Rle_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``x-y`` PI (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/2`` (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0)) H8); Replace ``/2*(x-y)`` with ``(x-y)/2``; [Replace ``/2*PI`` with ``PI/2``; [Intro H9; Generalize (sin_gt_0 ``(x-y)/2`` H6 (Rle_lt_trans ``(x-y)/2`` ``PI/2`` PI H9 PI2_Rlt_PI)); Intro H10; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``(sin ((x-y)/2))`` (Rlt_trans ``(sin ((x-y)/2))`` ``0`` ``(sin ((x-y)/2))`` H4 H10)) | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Ring]]] | Generalize (Rlt_minus (sin x) (sin y) H3); Clear H3; Intro H3; Rewrite form4 in H3; Generalize (Rplus_le x ``PI/2`` y ``PI/2`` H0 H2); Replace ``PI/2+PI/2`` with ``PI``; [Intro H4; Generalize (Rle_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``x+y`` PI (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/2`` (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0)) H4); Replace ``/2*(x+y)`` with ``(x+y)/2``; [Replace ``/2*PI`` with ``PI/2``; [Clear H4; Intro H4; Generalize (Rplus_le ``-(PI/2)`` x ``-(PI/2)`` y H H1); Replace ``-(PI/2)+(-(PI/2))`` with ``-PI``; [Intro H5; Generalize (Rle_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``-PI`` ``x+y`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/2`` (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0)) H5); Replace ``/2*(x+y)`` with ``(x+y)/2``; [Replace ``/2*(-PI)`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Clear H5; Intro H5; Elim H4; Intro H40; [Elim H5; Intro H50; [Generalize (cos_gt_0 ``(x+y)/2`` H50 H40); Intro H6; Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``2`` ``0`` ``(cos ((x+y)/2))`` Rgt_2_0 H6); Replace ``2*0`` with ``0``; [Clear H6; Intro H6; Case (case_Rabsolu ``(sin ((x-y)/2))``); Intro H7; [Assumption | Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``0`` ``(sin ((x-y)/2))`` H7); Clear H7; Intro H7; Generalize (regle_signe_le ``2*(cos ((x+y)/2))`` ``(sin ((x-y)/2))`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``2*(cos ((x+y)/2))`` H6) H7); Intro H8; Generalize (Rle_lt_trans ``0`` ``2*(cos ((x+y)/2))*(sin ((x-y)/2))`` ``0`` H8 H3); Intro H9; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H9)] | Ring] | Rewrite <- H50 in H3; Rewrite cos_neg in H3; Rewrite cos_PI2 in H3; Rewrite Rmult_Or in H3; Rewrite Rmult_Ol in H3; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H3)] | Rewrite H40 in H3; Rewrite cos_PI2 in H3; Rewrite Rmult_Or in H3; Rewrite Rmult_Ol in H3; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H3)] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_increasing_1 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/2)<=x``->``x<=PI/2``->``-(PI/2)<=y``->``y<=PI/2``->``x<y``->``(sin x)<(sin y)``. +Intros; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``x`` ``x`` ``y`` H3); Intro H4; Generalize (Rplus_le ``-(PI/2)`` x ``-(PI/2)`` x H H); Replace ``-(PI/2)+ (-(PI/2))`` with ``-PI``; [Intro H5; Generalize (Rle_lt_trans ``-PI`` ``x+x`` ``x+y`` H5 H4); Intro H6; Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``-PI`` ``x+y`` (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0) H6); Replace ``/2*(-PI)`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Replace ``/2*(x+y)`` with ``(x+y)/2``; [Clear H4 H5 H6; Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``y`` ``x`` ``y`` H3); Intro H5; Rewrite Rplus_sym in H5; Generalize (Rplus_le y ``PI/2`` y ``PI/2`` H2 H2); Replace ``PI/2+ PI/2`` with ``PI``; [Intro H6; Generalize (Rlt_le_trans ``x+y`` ``y+y`` PI H5 H6); Intro H7; Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``x+y`` PI (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0) H7); Replace ``/2*PI`` with ``PI/2``; [Replace ``/2*(x+y)`` with ``(x+y)/2``; [Clear H5 H6 H7; Intro H5; Generalize (Rle_Ropp ``-(PI/2)`` y H1); Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Clear H1; Intro H1; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-y`` ``PI/2`` H1); Clear H1; Intro H1; Generalize (Rle_Ropp y ``PI/2`` H2); Clear H2; Intro H2; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-(PI/2)`` ``-y`` H2); Clear H2; Intro H2; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-y`` x y H3); Replace ``-y+x`` with ``x-y``; [Replace ``-y+y`` with ``0``; [Intro H6; Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``x-y`` ``0`` (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0) H6); Rewrite Rmult_Or; Replace ``/2*(x-y)`` with ``(x-y)/2``; [Clear H6; Intro H6; Generalize (Rplus_le ``-(PI/2)`` x ``-(PI/2)`` ``-y`` H H2); Replace ``-(PI/2)+ (-(PI/2))`` with ``-PI``; [Replace `` x+ -y`` with ``x-y``; [Intro H7; Generalize (Rle_monotony ``(Rinv 2)`` ``-PI`` ``x-y`` (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/2`` (Rlt_Rinv ``2`` Rgt_2_0)) H7); Replace ``/2*(-PI)`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Replace ``/2*(x-y)`` with ``(x-y)/2``; [Clear H7; Intro H7; Clear H H0 H1 H2; Apply Rminus_lt; Rewrite form4; Generalize (cos_gt_0 ``(x+y)/2`` H4 H5); Intro H8; Generalize (regle_signe ``2`` ``(cos ((x+y)/2))`` Rgt_2_0 H8); Clear H8; Intro H8; Cut ``-PI< -(PI/2)``; [Intro H9; Generalize (sin_lt_0_var ``(x-y)/2`` (Rlt_le_trans ``-PI`` ``-(PI/2)`` ``(x-y)/2`` H9 H7) H6); Intro H10; Generalize (Rlt_anti_monotony ``(sin ((x-y)/2))`` ``0`` ``2*(cos ((x+y)/2))`` H10 H8); Intro H11; Rewrite Rmult_Or in H11; Rewrite Rmult_sym; Assumption | Apply Rlt_Ropp; Apply PI2_Rlt_PI] | Field] | Field] | Ring] | Field] | Field] | Ring] | Ring] | Field] | Field] | Field] | Field] | Field] | Field]; DiscrR. +Save. + +Lemma sin_decreasing_0 : (x,y:R) ``x<=3*(PI/2)``-> ``PI/2<=x`` -> ``y<=3*(PI/2)``-> ``PI/2<=y`` -> ``(sin x)<(sin y)`` -> ``y<x``. +Intros; Rewrite <- (sin_PI_x x) in H3; Rewrite <- (sin_PI_x y) in H3; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``(sin (PI-x))`` ``(sin (PI-y))`` H3); Repeat Rewrite <- sin_neg; Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` x ``3*(PI/2)`` H); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` ``PI/2`` x H0); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` y ``3*(PI/2)`` H1); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` ``PI/2`` y H2); Replace ``-PI+x`` with ``x-PI``; [Replace ``-PI+PI/2`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-PI+y`` with ``y-PI``; [Replace ``-PI+3*(PI/2)`` with ``PI/2``; [Replace ``-(PI-x)`` with ``x-PI``; [Replace ``-(PI-y)`` with ``y-PI``; [Intros; Change ``(sin (y-PI))<(sin (x-PI))`` in H8; Apply Rlt_anti_compatibility with ``-PI``; Rewrite Rplus_sym; Replace ``y+ (-PI)`` with ``y-PI``; [Rewrite Rplus_sym; Replace ``x+ (-PI)`` with ``x-PI``; [Apply (sin_increasing_0 ``y-PI`` ``x-PI`` H4 H5 H6 H7 H8) | Ring] | Ring] | Ring] | Ring] | Field] | Ring] | Field] | Ring]; DiscrR. +Save. + +Lemma sin_decreasing_1 : (x,y:R) ``x<=3*(PI/2)``-> ``PI/2<=x`` -> ``y<=3*(PI/2)``-> ``PI/2<=y`` -> ``x<y`` -> ``(sin y)<(sin x)``. +Intros; Rewrite <- (sin_PI_x x); Rewrite <- (sin_PI_x y); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` x ``3*(PI/2)`` H); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` ``PI/2`` x H0); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` y ``3*(PI/2)`` H1); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-PI`` ``PI/2`` y H2); Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-PI`` x y H3); Replace ``-PI+PI/2`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-PI+y`` with ``y-PI``; [Replace ``-PI+3*(PI/2)`` with ``PI/2``; [Replace ``-PI+x`` with ``x-PI``; [Intros; Apply Ropp_Rlt; Repeat Rewrite <- sin_neg; Replace ``-(PI-x)`` with ``x-PI``; [Replace ``-(PI-y)`` with ``y-PI``; [Apply (sin_increasing_1 ``x-PI`` ``y-PI`` H7 H8 H5 H6 H4) | Ring] | Ring] | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_increasing_0 : (x,y:R) ``PI<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` ->``PI<=y`` -> ``y<=2*PI`` -> ``(cos x)<(cos y)`` -> ``x<y``. +Intros x y H1 H2 H3 H4; Rewrite <- (cos_neg x); Rewrite <- (cos_neg y); Rewrite <- (cos_period ``-x`` (1)); Rewrite <- (cos_period ``-y`` (1)); Unfold INR; Replace ``-x+2*1*PI`` with ``PI/2-(x-3*(PI/2))``; [Replace ``-y+2*1*PI`` with ``PI/2-(y-3*(PI/2))``; [Repeat Rewrite cos_shift; Intro H5; Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` PI x H1); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` x ``2*PI`` H2); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` PI y H3); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` y ``2*PI`` H4); Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+y`` with ``y-3*(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+x`` with ``x-3*(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+2*PI`` with ``PI/2``; [Replace ``-3*PI/2+PI`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Clear H1 H2 H3 H4; Intros H1 H2 H3 H4; Apply Rlt_anti_compatibility with ``-3*(PI/2)``; Replace ``-3*PI/2+x`` with ``x-3*(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-3*PI/2+y`` with ``y-3*(PI/2)``; [Apply (sin_increasing_0 ``x-3*(PI/2)`` ``y-3*(PI/2)`` H4 H3 H2 H1 H5) | Ring] | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Ring] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_increasing_1 : (x,y:R) ``PI<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` ->``PI<=y`` -> ``y<=2*PI`` -> ``x<y`` -> ``(cos x)<(cos y)``. +Intros x y H1 H2 H3 H4 H5; Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` PI x H1); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` x ``2*PI`` H2); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` PI y H3); Generalize (Rle_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` y ``2*PI`` H4); Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``-3*(PI/2)`` x y H5); Rewrite <- (cos_neg x); Rewrite <- (cos_neg y); Rewrite <- (cos_period ``-x`` (1)); Rewrite <- (cos_period ``-y`` (1)); Unfold INR; Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+x`` with ``x-3*(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+y`` with ``y-3*(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+PI`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Replace ``-3*(PI/2)+2*PI`` with ``PI/2``; [Clear H1 H2 H3 H4 H5; Intros H1 H2 H3 H4 H5; Replace ``-x+2*1*PI`` with ``(PI/2)-(x-3*(PI/2))``; [Replace ``-y+2*1*PI`` with ``(PI/2)-(y-3*(PI/2))``; [Repeat Rewrite cos_shift; Apply (sin_increasing_1 ``x-3*(PI/2)`` ``y-3*(PI/2)`` H5 H4 H3 H2 H1) | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Ring]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_decreasing_0 : (x,y:R) ``0<=x``->``x<=PI``->``0<=y``->``y<=PI``->``(cos x)<(cos y)``->``y<x``. +Intros; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp (cos x) (cos y) H3); Repeat Rewrite <- neg_cos; Intro H4; Change ``(cos (y+PI))<(cos (x+PI))`` in H4; Rewrite (Rplus_sym x) in H4; Rewrite (Rplus_sym y) in H4; Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI ``0`` x H); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI x PI H0); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI ``0`` y H1); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI y PI H2); Rewrite Rplus_Or. +Replace ``PI+PI`` with ``2*PI``. +Clear H H0 H1 H2 H3; Intros; Apply Rlt_anti_compatibility with ``PI``; Apply (cos_increasing_0 ``PI+y`` ``PI+x`` H0 H H2 H1 H4). +Ring. +Save. + +Lemma cos_decreasing_1 : (x,y:R) ``0<=x``->``x<=PI``->``0<=y``->``y<=PI``->``x<y``->``(cos y)<(cos x)``. +Intros; Apply Ropp_Rlt; Repeat Rewrite <- neg_cos; Rewrite (Rplus_sym x); Rewrite (Rplus_sym y); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI ``0`` x H); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI x PI H0); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI ``0`` y H1); Generalize (Rle_compatibility PI y PI H2); Rewrite Rplus_Or. +Replace ``PI+PI`` with ``2*PI``. +Generalize (Rlt_compatibility PI x y H3); Clear H H0 H1 H2 H3; Intros; Apply (cos_increasing_1 ``PI+x`` ``PI+y`` H3 H2 H1 H0 H). +Ring. +Save. + +Lemma tan_diff : (x,y:R) ~``(cos x)==0``->~``(cos y)==0``->``(tan x)-(tan y)==(sin (x-y))/((cos x)*(cos y))``. +Intros; Unfold tan;Rewrite sin_minus; Field; Repeat Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption. +Save. + +Lemma tan_increasing_0 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/4)<=x``->``x<=PI/4`` ->``-(PI/4)<=y``->``y<=PI/4``->``(tan x)<(tan y)``->``x<y``. +Intros; Generalize PI4_RLT_PI2; Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H4); Intro H5; Change ``-(PI/2)< -(PI/4)`` in H5; Generalize (cos_gt_0 x (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` x H5 H) (Rle_lt_trans x ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H0 H4)); Intro HP1; Generalize (cos_gt_0 y (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` y H5 H1) (Rle_lt_trans y ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H2 H4)); Intro HP2; Generalize (not_sym ``0`` (cos x) (Rlt_not_eq ``0`` (cos x) (cos_gt_0 x (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` x H5 H) (Rle_lt_trans x ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H0 H4)))); Intro H6; Generalize (not_sym ``0`` (cos y) (Rlt_not_eq ``0`` (cos y) (cos_gt_0 y (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` y H5 H1) (Rle_lt_trans y ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H2 H4)))); Intro H7; Generalize (tan_diff x y H6 H7); Intro H8; Generalize (Rlt_minus (tan x) (tan y) H3); Clear H3; Intro H3; Rewrite H8 in H3; Cut ``(sin (x-y))<0``; [ Intro H9; Generalize (Rle_Ropp ``-(PI/4)`` y H1); Rewrite Ropp_Ropp; Intro H10; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-y`` ``PI/4`` H10); Clear H10; Intro H10; Generalize (Rle_Ropp y ``PI/4`` H2); Intro H11; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-(PI/4)`` ``-y`` H11); Clear H11; Intro H11; Generalize (Rplus_le ``-(PI/4)`` x ``-(PI/4)`` ``-y`` H H11); Generalize (Rplus_le x ``PI/4`` ``-y`` ``PI/4`` H0 H10); Replace ``x+ -y`` with ``x-y``; [Replace ``PI/4+PI/4`` with ``PI/2``; [Replace ``-(PI/4)+ -(PI/4)`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Intros; Case (total_order ``0`` ``x-y``); Intro H14; [Generalize (sin_gt_0 ``x-y`` H14 (Rle_lt_trans ``x-y`` ``PI/2`` PI H12 PI2_Rlt_PI)); Intro H15; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rlt_trans ``0`` ``(sin (x-y))`` ``0`` H15 H9)) | Elim H14; Intro H15; [Rewrite <- H15 in H9; Rewrite -> sin_0 in H9; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H9) | Apply Rminus_lt; Assumption]] | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Case (case_Rabsolu ``(sin (x-y))``); Intro H9; [Assumption | Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``0`` ``(sin (x-y))`` H9); Clear H9; Intro H9; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv (cos x) HP1); Intro H10; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv (cos y) HP2); Intro H11; Generalize (regle_signe (Rinv (cos x)) (Rinv (cos y)) H10 H11); Replace ``/(cos x)*/(cos y)`` with ``/((cos x)*(cos y))``; [Intro H12; Generalize (regle_signe_le ``(sin (x-y))`` ``/((cos x)*(cos y))`` H9 (Rlt_le ``0`` ``/((cos x)*(cos y))`` H12)); Intro H13; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` (Rle_lt_trans ``0`` ``(sin (x-y))*/((cos x)*(cos y))`` ``0`` H13 H3)) | Field; Repeat Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption]] ]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_increasing_1 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/4)<=x``->``x<=PI/4`` ->``-(PI/4)<=y``->``y<=PI/4``->``x<y``->``(tan x)<(tan y)``. +Intros; Apply Rminus_lt; Generalize PI4_RLT_PI2; Intro H4; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H4); Intro H5; Change ``-(PI/2)< -(PI/4)`` in H5; Generalize (cos_gt_0 x (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` x H5 H) (Rle_lt_trans x ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H0 H4)); Intro HP1; Generalize (cos_gt_0 y (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` y H5 H1) (Rle_lt_trans y ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H2 H4)); Intro HP2; Generalize (not_sym ``0`` (cos x) (Rlt_not_eq ``0`` (cos x) (cos_gt_0 x (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` x H5 H) (Rle_lt_trans x ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H0 H4)))); Intro H6; Generalize (not_sym ``0`` (cos y) (Rlt_not_eq ``0`` (cos y) (cos_gt_0 y (Rlt_le_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``-(PI/4)`` y H5 H1) (Rle_lt_trans y ``PI/4`` ``PI/2`` H2 H4)))); Intro H7; Rewrite (tan_diff x y H6 H7); Generalize (Rlt_Rinv (cos x) HP1); Intro H10; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv (cos y) HP2); Intro H11; Generalize (regle_signe (Rinv (cos x)) (Rinv (cos y)) H10 H11); Replace ``/(cos x)*/(cos y)`` with ``/((cos x)*(cos y))``; [Clear H10 H11; Intro H8; Generalize (Rle_Ropp y ``PI/4`` H2); Intro H11; Generalize (Rle_sym2 ``-(PI/4)`` ``-y`` H11); Clear H11; Intro H11; Generalize (Rplus_le ``-(PI/4)`` x ``-(PI/4)`` ``-y`` H H11); Replace ``x+ -y`` with ``x-y``; [Replace ``-(PI/4)+ -(PI/4)`` with ``-(PI/2)``; [Clear H11; Intro H9; Generalize (Rlt_minus x y H3); Clear H3; Intro H3; Clear H H0 H1 H2 H4 H5 HP1 HP2; Generalize PI2_Rlt_PI; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_Ropp ``PI/2`` PI H1); Clear H1; Intro H1; Generalize (sin_lt_0_var ``x-y`` (Rlt_le_trans ``-PI`` ``-(PI/2)`` ``x-y`` H1 H9) H3); Intro H2; Generalize (Rlt_anti_monotony ``(sin (x-y))`` ``0`` ``/((cos x)*(cos y))`` H2 H8); Rewrite Rmult_Or; Intro H4; Assumption | Field; DiscrR] | Ring] | Field; Repeat Apply prod_neq_R0; Assumption]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_incr_0 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/2)<=x``->``x<=PI/2``->``-(PI/2)<=y``->``y<=PI/2``->``(sin x)<=(sin y)``->``x<=y``. +Intros; Case (total_order (sin x) (sin y)); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (sin_increasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order x y); Intro H6; [Left; Assumption | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Assumption | Generalize (sin_increasing_1 y x H1 H2 H H0 H7); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl (sin y) H8)]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl (sin x) (Rle_lt_trans (sin x) (sin y) (sin x) H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_incr_1 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/2)<=x``->``x<=PI/2``->``-(PI/2)<=y``->``y<=PI/2``->``x<=y``->``(sin x)<=(sin y)``. +Intros; Case (total_order x y); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (sin_increasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order (sin x) (sin y)); Intro H6; [Left; Assumption | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Assumption | Generalize (sin_increasing_0 y x H1 H2 H H0 H7); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl y H8)]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl x (Rle_lt_trans x y x H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_decr_0 : (x,y:R) ``x<=3*(PI/2)``->``PI/2<=x``->``y<=3*(PI/2)``->``PI/2<=y``-> ``(sin x)<=(sin y)`` -> ``y<=x``. +Intros; Case (total_order (sin x) (sin y)); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (sin_decreasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order x y); Intro H6; [Generalize (sin_decreasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H6); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl (sin y) H8) | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Symmetry; Assumption | Left; Assumption]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl (sin x) (Rle_lt_trans (sin x) (sin y) (sin x) H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_decr_1 : (x,y:R) ``x<=3*(PI/2)``-> ``PI/2<=x`` -> ``y<=3*(PI/2)``-> ``PI/2<=y`` -> ``x<=y`` -> ``(sin y)<=(sin x)``. +Intros; Case (total_order x y); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (sin_decreasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order (sin x) (sin y)); Intro H6; [Generalize (sin_decreasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H6); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl y H8) | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Symmetry; Assumption | Left; Assumption]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl x (Rle_lt_trans x y x H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_incr_0 : (x,y:R) ``PI<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` ->``PI<=y`` -> ``y<=2*PI`` -> ``(cos x)<=(cos y)`` -> ``x<=y``. +Intros; Case (total_order (cos x) (cos y)); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (cos_increasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order x y); Intro H6; [Left; Assumption | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Assumption | Generalize (cos_increasing_1 y x H1 H2 H H0 H7); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl (cos y) H8)]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl (cos x) (Rle_lt_trans (cos x) (cos y) (cos x) H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_incr_1 : (x,y:R) ``PI<=x`` -> ``x<=2*PI`` ->``PI<=y`` -> ``y<=2*PI`` -> ``x<=y`` -> ``(cos x)<=(cos y)``. +Intros; Case (total_order x y); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (cos_increasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order (cos x) (cos y)); Intro H6; [Left; Assumption | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Assumption | Generalize (cos_increasing_0 y x H1 H2 H H0 H7); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl y H8)]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl x (Rle_lt_trans x y x H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_decr_0 : (x,y:R) ``0<=x``->``x<=PI``->``0<=y``->``y<=PI``->``(cos x)<=(cos y)`` -> ``y<=x``. +Intros; Case (total_order (cos x) (cos y)); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (cos_decreasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order x y); Intro H6; [Generalize (cos_decreasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H6); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl (cos y) H8) | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Symmetry; Assumption | Left; Assumption]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl (cos x) (Rle_lt_trans (cos x) (cos y) (cos x) H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_decr_1 : (x,y:R) ``0<=x``->``x<=PI``->``0<=y``->``y<=PI``->``x<=y``->``(cos y)<=(cos x)``. +Intros; Case (total_order x y); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (cos_decreasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order (cos x) (cos y)); Intro H6; [Generalize (cos_decreasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H6); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl y H8) | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Symmetry; Assumption | Left; Assumption]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl x (Rle_lt_trans x y x H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_incr_0 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/4)<=x``->``x<=PI/4`` ->``-(PI/4)<=y``->``y<=PI/4``->``(tan x)<=(tan y)``->``x<=y``. +Intros; Case (total_order (tan x) (tan y)); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (tan_increasing_0 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order x y); Intro H6; [Left; Assumption | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Assumption | Generalize (tan_increasing_1 y x H1 H2 H H0 H7); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl (tan y) H8)]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl (tan x) (Rle_lt_trans (tan x) (tan y) (tan x) H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_incr_1 : (x,y:R) ``-(PI/4)<=x``->``x<=PI/4`` ->``-(PI/4)<=y``->``y<=PI/4``->``x<=y``->``(tan x)<=(tan y)``. +Intros; Case (total_order x y); Intro H4; [Left; Apply (tan_increasing_1 x y H H0 H1 H2 H4) | Elim H4; Intro H5; [Case (total_order (tan x) (tan y)); Intro H6; [Left; Assumption | Elim H6; Intro H7; [Right; Assumption | Generalize (tan_increasing_0 y x H1 H2 H H0 H7); Intro H8; Rewrite H5 in H8; Elim (Rlt_antirefl y H8)]] | Elim (Rlt_antirefl x (Rle_lt_trans x y x H3 H5))]]. +Save. + +Lemma Rgt_3PI2_0 : ``0<3*(PI/2)``. +Cut ~(O=(3)); [Intro H1; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (3) (neq_O_lt (3) H1)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H2; Generalize (Rlt_monotony ``PI/2`` ``0`` ``3`` PI2_RGT_0 H2); Rewrite Rmult_Or; Rewrite Rmult_sym; Intro H3; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma Rgt_2PI_0 : ``0<2*PI``. +Cut ~(O=(2)); [Intro H1; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (2) (neq_O_lt (2) H1)); Unfold INR; Intro H2; Generalize (Rlt_monotony PI ``0`` ``2`` PI_RGT_0 H2); Rewrite Rmult_Or; Rewrite Rmult_sym; Intro H3; Assumption | Discriminate]. +Save. + +Lemma Rlt_PI_3PI2 : ``PI<3*(PI/2)``. +Generalize PI2_RGT_0; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility PI ``0`` ``PI/2`` H1); Replace ``PI+(PI/2)`` with ``3*(PI/2)``; [Rewrite Rplus_Or; Intro H2; Assumption | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma Rlt_3PI2_2PI : ``3*(PI/2)<2*PI``. +Generalize PI2_RGT_0; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_compatibility ``3*(PI/2)`` ``0`` ``PI/2`` H1); Replace ``3*(PI/2)+(PI/2)`` with ``2*PI``; [Rewrite Rplus_Or; Intro H2; Assumption | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_cos_PI4 : ``(sin (PI/4)) == (cos (PI/4))``. +Rewrite cos_sin; Replace ``PI/2+PI/4`` with ``-(PI/4)+PI``; [Rewrite neg_sin; Rewrite sin_neg; Ring | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_PI4 : ``(cos (PI/4))==1/(sqrt 2)``. +Apply Rsqr_inj; [ Apply cos_ge_0; [Left; Apply (Rlt_trans ``-(PI/2)`` R0 ``PI/4`` _PI2_RLT_0 PI4_RGT_0) | Left; Apply PI4_RLT_PI2] | Left; Apply (regle_signe R1 ``(Rinv (sqrt 2))``); [ Apply Rlt_R0_R1 | Apply Rlt_Rinv]; Apply Rlt_sqrt2_0 | Rewrite Rsqr_div; [Rewrite Rsqr_1; Rewrite Rsqr_sqrt; [Unfold Rsqr; Pattern 1 ``(cos (PI/4))``; Rewrite <- sin_cos_PI4; Replace ``(sin (PI/4))*(cos (PI/4))`` with ``(1/2)*(2*(sin (PI/4))*(cos (PI/4)))``; [ Rewrite <- sin_2a; Replace ``2*(PI/4)`` with ``PI/2``; [Rewrite sin_PI2; Field; DiscrR | Field; DiscrR] | Field; DiscrR] | Left; Apply Rgt_2_0] | Apply sqrt2_neq_0]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI4 : ``(sin (PI/4))==1/(sqrt 2)``. +Rewrite sin_cos_PI4; Apply cos_PI4. +Save. + +Lemma cos3PI4 : ``(cos (3*(PI/4)))==-1/(sqrt 2)``. +Replace ``3*(PI/4)`` with ``(PI/2)-(-(PI/4))``; [Rewrite cos_shift; Rewrite sin_neg; Rewrite sin_PI4; Field; Apply sqrt2_neq_0 | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin3PI4 : ``(sin (3*(PI/4)))==1/(sqrt 2)``. +Replace ``3*(PI/4)`` with ``(PI/2)-(-(PI/4))``; [Rewrite sin_shift; Rewrite cos_neg; Rewrite cos_PI4; Reflexivity | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_PI4 : ``(tan (PI/4))==1``. +Unfold tan; Rewrite sin_cos_PI4; Field; Replace ``PI*/4`` with ``PI/4``; [Rewrite cos_PI4; Apply R1_sqrt2_neq_0 | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI3_cos_PI6 : ``(sin (PI/3))==(cos (PI/6))``. +Replace ``PI/6`` with ``(PI/2)-(PI/3)``; [Rewrite cos_shift; Reflexivity | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI6_cos_PI3 : ``(cos (PI/3))==(sin (PI/6))``. +Replace ``PI/6`` with ``(PI/2)-(PI/3)``; [Rewrite sin_shift; Reflexivity | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI6 : ``(sin (PI/6))==1/2``. +Apply r_Rmult_mult with ``2*(cos (PI/6))``; [Replace ``2*(cos (PI/6))*(sin (PI/6))`` with ``2*(sin (PI/6))*(cos (PI/6))``; [Rewrite <- sin_2a; Replace ``2*(PI/6)`` with ``PI/3``; [Rewrite sin_PI3_cos_PI6 | Field; DiscrR]; Field; DiscrR | Ring] | Apply prod_neq_R0; [DiscrR | Cut ``0<(cos (PI/6))``; [Intro H1; Auto with real | Apply cos_gt_0; [Apply (Rlt_trans ``-(PI/2)`` ``0`` ``PI/6`` _PI2_RLT_0 PI6_RGT_0) | Apply PI6_RLT_PI2]]]]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_PI6 : ``(cos (PI/6))==(sqrt 3)/2``. +Apply Rsqr_inj; [ Apply cos_ge_0; [Left; Apply (Rlt_trans ``-(PI/2)`` R0 ``PI/6`` _PI2_RLT_0 PI6_RGT_0) | Left; Apply PI6_RLT_PI2] | Left; Apply (regle_signe ``(sqrt 3)`` ``(Rinv 2)``); [Apply Rlt_sqrt3_0 | Apply Rlt_Rinv; Apply Rgt_2_0] | Rewrite Rsqr_div; [Rewrite cos2; Unfold Rsqr; Rewrite sin_PI6; Rewrite sqrt_def; [ Field; DiscrR | Left; Apply Rgt_3_0] | DiscrR]]. +Save. + +Lemma tan_PI6 : ``(tan (PI/6))==1/(sqrt 3)``. +Unfold tan; Rewrite sin_PI6; Rewrite cos_PI6; Field. +DiscrR. +Replace ``2*((sqrt 3)*/2*(sqrt 3))`` with ``3``; [DiscrR | Replace ``((sqrt 3)*/2*(sqrt 3))`` with ``((sqrt 3)*(sqrt 3))*/2``; [Rewrite sqrt_def; [Field; DiscrR | Left; Apply Rgt_3_0] | Field; DiscrR]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_PI3 : ``(sin (PI/3))==(sqrt 3)/2``. +Rewrite sin_PI3_cos_PI6; Apply cos_PI6. +Save. + +Lemma cos_PI3 : ``(cos (PI/3))==1/2``. +Rewrite sin_PI6_cos_PI3; Apply sin_PI6. +Save. + +Lemma tan_PI3 : ``(tan (PI/3))==(sqrt 3)``. +Unfold tan; Rewrite sin_PI3; Rewrite cos_PI3; Field; [DiscrR | Replace ``2*(1*/2)`` with ``1``; [DiscrR | Field; DiscrR]]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_2PI3 : ``(sin (2*(PI/3)))==(sqrt 3)/2``. +Replace ``2*(PI/3)`` with ``(PI/3)+(PI/3)``. +Rewrite sin_plus; Rewrite sin_PI3; Rewrite cos_PI3; Field; DiscrR. +Ring. +Save. + +Lemma cos_2PI3 : ``(cos (2*(PI/3)))==-1/2``. +Replace ``2*(PI/3)`` with ``(PI/3)+(PI/3)``. +Rewrite cos_plus; Rewrite sin_PI3; Rewrite cos_PI3; Field; [Rewrite sqrt_def; [Ring | Replace ``3`` with ``(INR (S (S (S O))))`` ; [ Apply pos_INR | Unfold INR; Ring]] | DiscrR]. +Ring. +Save. + +Lemma tan_2PI3 : ``(tan (2*(PI/3)))==-(sqrt 3)``. +Unfold tan; Rewrite sin_2PI3; Rewrite cos_2PI3; Field; [DiscrR | Replace ``2*( -1*/2)`` with ``-1``; [ DiscrR | Field; DiscrR]]. +Save. + +Lemma cos_5PI4 : ``(cos (5*(PI/4)))==-1/(sqrt 2)``. +Replace ``5*(PI/4)`` with ``(PI/4)+(PI)``; [Rewrite neg_cos; Rewrite cos_PI4; Field; Apply sqrt2_neq_0 | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_5PI4 : ``(sin (5*(PI/4)))==-1/(sqrt 2)``. +Replace ``5*(PI/4)`` with ``(PI/4)+(PI)``; [Rewrite neg_sin; Rewrite sin_PI4; Field; Apply sqrt2_neq_0 | Field; DiscrR]. +Save. + +Lemma sin_cos5PI4 : ``(cos (5*(PI/4)))==(sin (5*(PI/4)))``. +Rewrite cos_5PI4; Rewrite sin_5PI4; Reflexivity. +Save. + +(***************************************************************) +(* Radian -> Degree | Degree -> Radian *) +(***************************************************************) + +Definition toRad [x:R] : R := ``x*PI*/180``. +Definition toDeg [x:R] : R := ``x*180*/PI``. + +Lemma rad_deg : (x:R) (toRad (toDeg x))==x. +Intro x; Unfold toRad toDeg; Replace ``x*180*/PI*PI*/180`` with ``x*(180*(/PI*PI)*/180)``; [Rewrite <- (Rinv_l_sym PI); [Rewrite Rmult_1r; Rewrite <- (Rinv_r_sym ``180``); [Ring | Replace ``180`` with ``2*2*3*3*5``; [Repeat Apply prod_neq_R0; DiscrR | Ring]] | Apply PI_neq0] | Repeat Rewrite Rmult_assoc; Reflexivity]. +Save. + +Lemma toRad_inj : (x,y:R) (toRad x)==(toRad y) -> x==y. +Intros; Unfold toRad in H; Apply r_Rmult_mult with PI; [Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym x); Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym y); Apply r_Rmult_mult with ``/180``; [Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``x*PI``); Rewrite <- (Rmult_sym ``y*PI``); Assumption | Cut ~(O=(180)); [Intro H0; Generalize (lt_INR_0 (180) (neq_O_lt (180) H0)); Rewrite INR_eq_INR2; Unfold INR2; Intro H1; Generalize (Rlt_Rinv ``180`` H1); Intro H2; Red; Intro H3; Rewrite H3 in H2; Elim (Rlt_antirefl ``0`` H2) | Discriminate]] | Apply PI_neq0]. +Save. + +Lemma deg_rad : (x:R) (toDeg (toRad x))==x. +Intro x; Apply toRad_inj; Rewrite -> (rad_deg (toRad x)); Reflexivity. +Save. + +Definition sind [x:R] : R := (sin (toRad x)). +Definition cosd [x:R] : R := (cos (toRad x)). +Definition tand [x:R] : R := (tan (toRad x)). + +Lemma Rsqr_sin_cos_d_one : (x:R) ``(Rsqr (sind x))+(Rsqr (cosd x))==1``. +Intro x; Unfold sind; Unfold cosd; Apply sin2_cos2. +Save.
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